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Foundation Document, Stones River National Battlefield, Tennessee

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Foundation Document, Stones River National Battlefield, Tennessee NATIONAL PARK SERVICE • U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR Foundation Document Stones River National Battlefield Tennessee November 2014 Foundation Document Hord House To 40 (main Union field hospital) Features from the time Shaded area indicates Exit 55 of the battle—road extent of original battle. names, structures, and To Nashville Fortress Rosecrans—are Tour stop Trail shown in GRAY. Some 840 of these features can Stones River Stones River/Lytle still be seen today. National Battlefield Creek greenways Please respect private Original extent of P Parking area for Fortress Rosecrans Stones River/Lytle er property. Creek greenways iv R s North To 24 e 268 0 0.5 Kilometer n o t Exten 0 0.5 Mile S t o f o ri Old Nashville Highway k g r in o a l Nashville Pike F b t a s t Nashville & Chattanooga Railroad t e le CSX Transportation W Hord Road Artillery Monument January 2, 1863, afternoon General Rosecrans McFadden’s A Confederate bayonet charge Ford Headquarters Site New Nashville Highway drove Union troops from their 231 (Union hillside positions east of Stones McGregor House 10 (Union field hospital) artillery River. position) P S McFadden in ki ng Widow Burris House Farm C January 2, 1863, dusk re Asbury Road (Union field hospital) ek Van Cleve Lane Massed Union artillery fire Asbury Lane McFadden’s Lane y a crushed the Confederate National w n attack. Cemetery e December 31, 1862, noon e Pioneer Brigade r G Earthworks Trail Union troops made a determined r Asbury Lane e v stand along Nashville Pike and i Visitor Center C R January 3, 1863 o s in Round Forest, protecting their t Round Lebanon Road to e n n F Forest Confederates withdrew from lifeline to Nashville. ie o t ld Hazen Thompson Lane T S the battlefield and Murfreesboro. ra Brigade il O Monument Harker’s v e l i Crossing r a a r Northfield Blvd T l l y C r Wayne’s Hill a P r 41 e d 70S (Confederate n e u k NW Broad Streetartillery position) o B STONES RIVER Cotton Field NATIONAL Trail Cowan W House C o BATTLEFIELD (site) l le g e P General Bragg S t Headquarters Site P Bragg 2nd Headquarters (site) Rutherford County Blanton House Chamber of Wilkinson Pi (site) Exit 76 Commerce S t k o e n Historic trace of McFadden’s Ln. e Gresham House s R (site) M December 31, 1862 Garrison Drive iv e Bragg 1st Headquarters Jenkins House (site) (Union field e r d G (site) (temporary Union Gresham Lane ic mid-morning W Clark Blvd hospital) a WilkinsonGateway Pike Boulevard re l e field hospital) C Union forces bought time for nw e a n y t the army to regroup with e r P E Clark Blvd a intense fighting on both sides r k January–June 1863 w of Wilkinson Pike. P 96 a y Union constructed Fortress Harding House (site) Brinkley Ave Rosecrans as supply depot Brick kiln (site) W College St for planned capture of rail Thompson Lane James House (site) junctions at Chattanooga 24 (Polk Headquarters) Redoubt P Brannan and Atlanta. December 31, 1862 John Rice Boulevard Oaklands Historic House Museum early morning Medical Center Parkway E Confederate troops assaulted x t FORTRESS e Union right flank; heavy fight- n Highland Avenue OLD FORT GOLF COURSE ROSECRANS Memorial Blvd t NW Broad Street ing near Harding House. o f Lunette Palmer EVERGREEN January 5, 1863 o r CEMETERY i Union Army occupies g (Graves of i n Murfreesboro. Confederate a P soldiers) l b Curtain Wall No. 2 a Maney Avenue Greenland t Drive t Gresham Lane Lunette Thomas l Golf Lane P e Overall St MURFREESBORO Exit 78 OLD FORT W College St PARK Old Fort Parkway 96 River Rock Bo Lytle ule v Creek Old Fort Parkway a W Main St Franklin Road r Greenway E Main St 96 Franklin Road d Historic December 31, 1862, dawn Rutherford iver Battle started on Franklin Road k Stones R County For State Street est when Confederate troops Cason Lane Courthouse W way McCulloch House (site) reen overwhelmed the Union right (Hardee Headquarters) Stones River G Key United S Methodist Church E flank. L B Earnshaw School and y ro t a James Chapel New Salem Road l d e S Church St S t (site) re C e r 231 t To Chattanooga 99 e e 41 Mercury Blvd k 10 Stones River National Battlefield Contents Mission of the National Park Service 1 Introduction 2 Part 1: Core Components 3 Brief Description of the Park 3 Park Purpose 5 Park Significance 6 Fundamental Resources and Values 7 Battlefield Landscape 7 Stones River National Cemetery 7 Commemorative Landscape and Monuments 8 Fortress Rosecrans 8 Archeological Resources 8 Museum Collections 8 Other Important Resources and Values 9 Appropriate Recreational Opportunities 9 Cedar Glades 9 Interpretive Themes 10 Part 2: Dynamic Components 13 Special Mandates and Administrative Commitments 13 Assessment of Planning and Data Needs 13 Analysis of Fundamental Resources and Values 13 Analysis of Other Important Resources and Values 32 Identification of Key Issues and Associated Planning and Data Needs 37 Planning and Data Needs 39 Part 3: Contributors 45 Stones River National Battlefield Park 45 NPS Southeast Region 45 Other NPS Staff 45 Partners 45 Appendixes 46 Appendix A: Enabling Legislation and Legislative Acts for Stones River National Battlefield 46 Appendix B: Inventory of Special Mandates and Administrative Commitments 56 Appendix C: Past and Ongoing Park Planning and Data Collection Efforts 58 Foundation Document Stones River National Battlefield Mission of the National Park Service The National Park Service (NPS) preserves unimpaired the natural and cultural resources and values of the national park system for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this and future generations. The National Park Service cooperates with partners to extend the benefits of natural and cultural resource conservation and outdoor recreation throughout this country and the world. The NPS core values are a framework in which the National Park Service accomplishes its mission. They express the manner in which, both individually and collectively, the National Park Service pursues its mission. The NPS core values are: · Shared stewardship: We share a commitment to resource stewardship with the global preservation community. · Excellence: We strive continually to learn and improve so that we may achieve the highest ideals of public service. · Integrity: We deal honestly and fairly with the public and one another. · Tradition: We are proud of it; we learn from it; we are not bound by it. · Respect: We embrace each other’s differences so that we may enrich the well-being of everyone. The National Park Service is a bureau within the Department of the Interior. While numerous national park system units were created prior to 1916, it was not until August 25, 1916, that President Woodrow Wilson signed the National Park Service Organic Act formally establishing the National Park Service. The national park system continues to grow and comprises 401 park units covering more than 84 million acres in every state, the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. These units include, but are not limited to, national parks, monuments, battlefields, military parks, historical parks, historic sites, lakeshores, seashores, recreation areas, scenic rivers and trails, and the White House. The variety and diversity of park units throughout the nation require a strong commitment to resource stewardship and management to ensure both the protection and enjoyment of these resources for future generations. The arrowhead was authorized as the official National Park Service emblem by the Secretary of the Interior on July 20, 1951. The sequoia tree and bison represent vegetation and wildlife, the mountains and water represent scenic and recreational values, and the arrowhead represents historical and archeological values. 1 Foundation Document Introduction Every unit of the national park system will have a foundational document to provide basic guidance for planning and management decisions—a foundation for planning and management. The core components of a foundation document include a brief description of the park as well as the park’s purpose, significance, fundamental resources and values, other important resources and values, and interpretive themes. The foundation document also includes special mandates and administrative commitments, an assessment of planning and data needs that identifies planning issues, planning products to be developed, and the associated studies and data required for park planning. Along with the core components, the assessment provides a focus for park planning activities and establishes a baseline from which planning documents are developed. A primary benefit of developing a foundation document is the opportunity to integrate and coordinate all kinds and levels of planning from a single, shared understanding of what is most important about the park. The process of developing a foundation document begins with gathering and integrating information about the park. A questionnaire was circulated to seek input from park stakeholders and this information was taken into consideration during the process. Next, this information is refined and focused to determine what the most important attributes of the park are. The process of preparing a foundation document aids park managers, staff, and the public in identifying and clearly stating in one document the essential information that is necessary for park management to consider when determining future planning efforts, outlining key planning issues, and protecting resources and values that are integral to park purpose and identity. While not included in this document, a park atlas is also part of a foundation project. The atlas is a series of maps compiled from available geographic information system (GIS) data on natural and cultural resources, visitor use patterns, facilities, and other topics.
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