Download Full Book
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Railroads in the Old South Marrs, Aaron W. Published by Johns Hopkins University Press Marrs, Aaron W. Railroads in the Old South: Pursuing Progress in a Slave Society. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009. Project MUSE. doi:10.1353/book.3447. https://muse.jhu.edu/. For additional information about this book https://muse.jhu.edu/book/3447 [ Access provided at 30 Sep 2021 00:26 GMT with no institutional affiliation ] This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Railroads in the Old South This page intentionally left blank Railroads in the Old South Pursuing Progress in a Slave Society aaron w. marrs The Johns Hopkins University Press Baltimore © 2009 The Johns Hopkins University Press All rights reserved. Published 2009 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 246897531 The Johns Hopkins University Press 2715 North Charles Street Baltimore, Maryland 21218-4363 www.press.jhu.edu Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Marrs, Aaron W., 1976– Railroads in the Old South : pursuing progress in a slave society / Aaron W. Marrs. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-8018-9130-4 (hbk. : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-8018-9130-2 (hbk. : alk. paper) 1. Railroads—Southern States—History—19th century. 2. Southern States—History—1775–1865. I. Title. HE2771.A13M37 2009 385.0975Ј09034—dc22 2008022572 A catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. Special discounts are available for bulk purchases of this book. For more information, please contact Special Sales at 410-516-6936 or [email protected]. The Johns Hopkins University Press uses environmentally friendly book materials, including recycled text paper that is composed of at least 30 percent post-consumer waste, whenever possible. All of our book papers are acid-free, and our jackets and covers are printed on paper with recycled content. For Melissa Jane This page intentionally left blank contents Acknowledgments ix List of Abbreviations xiii Maps xiv Introduction 1 one Dreams 11 two Knowledge 31 three Sweat 55 four Structure 84 five Motion 106 six Passages 135 seven Communities 162 Epilogue: Memory 192 Notes 199 Essay on Sources 255 Index 261 This page intentionally left blank acknowledgments Like most first academic books, this work began as a doctoral dissertation. Before that it was a seminar paper, and before that it was a conversation with Mark M. Smith, my dissertation director at the University of South Carolina. I owe much of my intellectual and professional development to his constant wise counsel. He has been tireless in reading and rereading drafts, o¤ering advice as I ventured out onto the job market, and helping me keep a healthy perspective on my professional ca- reer. I am fortunate to have earned my doctorate under his tutelage and look for- ward to continuing our conversations. I o¤er hearty thanks to the other members of my dissertation committee: Lawrence Glickman, Paul Johnson, Peter Coclanis, and Ann Johnson. Their advice and tough questions helped me write a better dis- sertation and transform the dissertation into this book. Many, many people contributed to the wonderful time that I had at Carolina. Connie Schulz recruited me to USC and has remained a good friend ever since. It was a pleasure and a privilege to work with Walter Edgar on the South Carolina En- cyclopedia and numerous other projects, and I am grateful for his enthusiasm for my work. Among my fellow graduate students, Kathy Hilliard, Mike Reynolds, and Rebecca Shrum have proved their endurance by listening to innumerable stories about railroads. I count myself fortunate to have been at USC at the same time they were, because they provided a model of scholarly cooperation and friendliness that is exactly how the life of the mind should operate. USC’s history department and public history program allowed me to be a historian in a variety of settings: re- searcher, classroom teacher, editor, and archivist. I can’t imagine a better way to learn about the breadth of our exciting profession. Thanks to all the other friends and teachers who have helped me laugh and learn at various stages of life: Michael Hittle, Kevin Allen, Paul and Laura Keefer, Susan Asbury-Newsome and Brian Newsome, Tom Downey, and the remarkably supportive and steadfast friends I have kept since my days at Lawrence University. You will always have a place to crash in D.C. Having been trained as an archivist, I am well aware of how obnoxious I must x Acknowledgments have been while doing research, but I am grateful to the following archives and their sta¤s: South Caroliniana Library; Historical Collections Department, Baker Library, Harvard Business School; Virginia Historical Society; Wisconsin Histori- cal Society; Special Collections department, Newman Library, Virginia Tech; Har- grett Library, University of Georgia; and the Middle Georgia Archives. I would like to thank the same institutions for permission to quote from their materials or use images, in addition to the Southern Historical Collection, Wilson Library, Univer- sity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill; R. G. Dun; the CSX Corporation; the United States Trade and Patent Oªce; the Smithsonian; and the South Carolina Histori- cal Society. The Norfolk Southern Archives now houses material that was at Vir- ginia Tech when I did my research, and I am grateful to Kyle Davis of Norfolk Southern for facilitating permission to quote from these materials. At the Univer- sity of South Carolina, I owe thanks to Marna Hostetler and the superb interlibrary loan sta¤ for tracking down numerous reels of microfilm and printed diaries that helped me round out my research. Some portions of this book have also appeared in the journal Enterprise and Society, and I thank that journal for permission to reprint them here. Travel funding to archives came in the form of an Alfred Chandler Traveling Fellowship from the Harvard Business School and a Mellon Fellowship from the Virginia Historical Society. I had a wonderful time researching at each of these in- stitutions, which would not have been possible without the funding provided. My travel to archives was also made possible by old and new friends who let me stay with them. So thanks to Miriam Ledford-Lyle and Scott Lyle, Scott Trigg, Randy and Irene Leech, and Eric Plaag. I also thank the USC College of Liberal Arts (later the College of Arts and Sciences) for awarding me the Newton Fellowship during my last three years at the university. I have benefited immensely from scholars who have provided formal and infor- mal commentary at conferences: Michael Bailey, John Brown, David Carlton, Al- bert Churella, Colin Divall, Colleen Dunlavy, John Lauritz Larson, William Rora- baugh, and Kathryn Steen. Travel to these conferences was made possible by several grants from the USC Department of History, the USC Graduate School, and the Society for the History of Technology. Bob Brugger and the sta¤ at the Johns Hopkins University Press have been of invaluable assistance as I worked to turn the dissertation into a book. I am deeply appreciative to the two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments. Many thanks to Bill Nelson for designing the wonderful maps, and to David Prior for tracking down some last-minute cita- tions. Obviously, all errors in the text are my own. I am proud to be a historian in the Department of State’s Oªce of the Histo- rian. I thank the oªce’s scholars and sta¤ for welcoming a nondiplomatic histo- Acknowledgments xi rian into their midst to participate in the important and vital work the oªce does. The views expressed in this book are solely my own and are not necessarily the oªcial views of the Oªce of the Historian, the U.S. Department of State, or the U.S. government. I can’t repay the love—and patience!—shown by my family as I ventured through graduate school and beyond. My parents, Margie and Bob, and sister, Kristin, have always been supportive as I’ve wandered farther and farther from the heartland. But as for my biggest debt: I’m sure Melissa Jane Taylor is wondering how she ended up married to someone who doesn’t drink co¤ee, doesn’t like the beach, and prefers cats to dogs. I know that I am fortunate for her indulgence in these mat- ters, and there are not words I can write or actions I can undertake that will ade- quately repay her love and kindness. Telling people that we married as two academ- ics usually evokes looks of pity, but I wouldn’t have it any other way. We slogged through the dissertation process together, survived the job hunt together, and it is with joy and anticipation that I look forward to our future together. She is the per- fect intellectual sparring partner as well as the love of my life, which makes me the luckiest guy I know. This page intentionally left blank abbreviations BRRR Blue Ridge Railroad (of South Carolina) CRRG Central Railroad of Georgia CSCRR Charlotte and South Carolina Railroad ETVRR East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad LCCRR Louisville, Cincinnati and Charleston Railroad NCCRR North Carolina Central Railroad NCRR North Carolina Railroad RDRR Richmond and Danville Railroad RFPRR Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad SARR Savannah and Albany Railroad SCRR South Carolina Railroad SURR Spartanburg and Union Railroad VTRR Virginia and Tennessee Railroad WMRR Wilmington and Manchester Railroad Map Key 1. Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 26. East Tennessee and Georgia 2. Winchester and Potomac Railroad Railroad 3. Orange and Alexandria Railroad 27. Georgia Railroad 4. Richmond, Fredericksburg and 28. Central Railroad of Georgia Potomac Railroad 29.