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CERN's Scientific Strategy CERN’s Scientific Strategy Fabiola Gianotti ECFA HL-LHC Experiments Workshop, Aix-Les-Bains, 3/10/2016 CERN’s scientific strategy (based on ESPP): three pillars Full exploitation of the LHC: successful operation of the nominal LHC (Run 2, LS2, Run 3) construction and installation of LHC upgrades: LIU (LHC Injectors Upgrade) and HL-LHC Scientific diversity programme serving a broad community: ongoing experiments and facilities at Booster, PS, SPS and their upgrades (ELENA, HIE-ISOLDE) participation in accelerator-based neutrino projects outside Europe (presently mainly LBNF in the US) through CERN Neutrino Platform Preparation of CERN’s future: vibrant accelerator R&D programme exploiting CERN’s strengths and uniqueness (including superconducting high-field magnets, AWAKE, etc.) design studies for future accelerators: CLIC, FCC (includes HE-LHC) future opportunities of diversity programme (new): “Physics Beyond Colliders” Study Group Important milestone: update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP): ~ 2019-2020 CERN’s scientific strategy (based on ESPP): three pillars Covered in this WS I will say ~nothing Full exploitation of the LHC: successful operation of the nominal LHC (Run 2, LS2, Run 3) construction and installation of LHC upgrades: LIU (LHC Injectors Upgrade) and HL-LHC Scientific diversity programme serving a broad community: ongoing experiments and facilities at Booster, PS, SPS and their upgrades (ELENA, HIE-ISOLDE) participation in accelerator-based neutrino projects outside Europe (presently mainly LBNF in the US) through CERN Neutrino Platform Preparation of CERN’s future: vibrant accelerator R&D programme exploiting CERN’s strengths and uniqueness (including superconducting high-field magnets, AWAKE, etc.) design studies for future accelerators: CLIC, FCC (includes HE-LHC) future opportunities of diversity programme (new): “Physics Beyond Colliders” Study Group Important milestone: update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP): ~ 2019-2020 A few recent (important) news March 2016: HL-LHC included in the ESFRI (European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures) roadmap as “landmark project” in March 2016 ESFRI 2016 Countries can apply for EU structural funds for Phase-2 detector upgrades June 2016: HL-LHC project formally approved by CERN’s Council September 2016: Council approved a credit facility with the European Investment Bank (EIB) to cope with the cash shortage in the peak years of the HL-LHC construction (2018-2025) 4 Cumulative Budget Deficit (CBD) vs time Year MCHF LHC construction Cost of HL-LHC project: ~ 950 MCHF (experiments and injectors not included) Project will be realised within constant CERN budget entering a phase of budget deficit (peak CBD is reached in 2020: ~ -388 MCHF) EIB credit facility needed over 2018-2025 5 Medium Term Plan 2017-2021 includes East Area renovation Unique facility in Europe: provides hadron beams down to ~ 1 GeV used by a broad community: test beams: LHC, COMPASS, BabyMind, LC detectors, SHiP, AMS, PAMELA, … irradiation facilities: IRRAD (detector components), CHARM (accelerator R2E) experiments: CLOUD (previously DIRAC, HARP); Beam-Line-for-School 24 GeV beam from PS T8 Today: very old equipment, lack of spares, manpower/time-consuming interventions, safety issues Renovation during LS2: new pulsed magnets, power converters, cooling and ventilation, electrical infrastructure significant energy savings increase beam energy up to 15 GeV ( overlap with NA beams), better particle separation 6 CERN scientific strategy (based on ESPP): three pillars Full exploitation of the LHC: successful operation of the nominal LHC (Run 2, LS2, Run 3) construction and installation of LHC upgrades: LIU (LHC Injectors Upgrade) and HL-LHC Scientific diversity programme serving a broad community: ongoing experiments and facilities at Booster, PS, SPS and their upgrades (ELENA, HIE-ISOLDE) participation in accelerator-based neutrino projects outside Europe (presently mainly LBNF in the US) through CERN Neutrino Platform Preparation of CERN’s future: vibrant accelerator R&D programme exploiting CERN’s strengths and uniqueness (including superconducting high-field magnets, AWAKE, etc.) design studies for future accelerators: CLIC, FCC (includes HE-LHC) future opportunities of diversity programme (new): “Physics Beyond Colliders” Study Group Important milestone: update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP): ~ 2019-2020 CERN’s scientific diversity programme AD: Antiproton Decelerator for antimatter studies AWAKE: proton-induced plasma wakefield acceleration CAST, OSQAR: axions CLOUD: impact of cosmic rays on aeorosols and clouds implications on climate COMPASS: hadron structure and spectroscopy ISOLDE: radioactive nuclei facility NA61/Shine: heavy ions and neutrino targets NA62: rare kaon decays NA63: radiation processes in strong EM fields NA64: search for dark photons Neutrino Platform: 훎 detectors R&D for experiments in US, Japan ~20 experiments, > 1200 physicists n-TOF: n-induced cross-sections UA9: crystal collimation8 Antiproton Decelerator and its upgrade (ELENA) 6 experiments: AEgIS, ALPHA, ASACUSA, ATRAP, BASE, GBAR (in construction). Precise spectroscopic and gravity measurements of antimatter using p-bar (traps) and anti-H (traps and beams) some of today’s most stringent limits on CPT Upgrade: ELENA (additional decelerating and cooling ring) commissioning starting p-bar decelerated to 100 keV with ELENA (3 MeV today at AD) x 10-100 larger trapping efficiency and parallel operation of (more) experiments 9 Antiproton Decelerator and its upgrade (ELENA) 6 experiments: AEgIS, ALPHA, ASACUSA, ATRAP, BASE, GBAR (in construction). Precise spectroscopic and gravity measurements of antimatter using p-bar (traps) and anti-H (traps and beams) some of today’s most stringent limits on CPT Upgrade: ELENA (additional decelerating and cooling ring) commissioning starting p-bar decelerated to 100 keV with ELENA (~3 MeV today at AD) x 10-100 larger trapping efficiency and parallel operation of (more) experiments ELENA commissioning started. Experiments will be connected in LS2 10 CERN neutrino activities 11 European Strategy 2013 Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) at FNAL The CERN Neutrino Platform South Dakota 1.2 MW p beam, 60-120 GeV Wide-band 휈 beam 0.5-2.5 GeV DUNE experiment: 4x10 kt LAr detectors ~1.5 km underground Far site construction starts ~2017, 1st detector installed ~2022, beam from FNAL ~ 2026 FNAL Short-Baseline Neutrino programme Neutrino beam from Booster Start ~2018 ICARUS T600 (476 t) MicroBooNE (89 t) SBND (112 t) CERN neutrino platform Ready for beam tests in 2018 (before LS2) Goals: Provide charged beams and test space to neutrino community North Area extension Neutrino detector R&D, e.g. to demonstrate the large-scale LAr technology (cryostats, cryogenics, detectors) Support neutrino experiments in US and Japan (e.g. construction of first cryostat for DUNE; BabyMIND muon spectrometer for WAGASCI experiment at JPARC) Refurbishment of ICARUS T600 Construction and test of two “full-scale” prototypes of DUNE for FNAL short baseline drift cells: ~ 6x6x6 m3, ~ 700 tons ship beg 2017 single-phase (liquid) double-phase “proto-DUNE” (liquid+gas) “proto-DUNE” CERN scientific strategy (based on ESPP): three pillars Full exploitation of the LHC: successful operation of the nominal LHC (Run 2, LS2, Run 3) construction and installation of LHC upgrades: LIU (LHC Injectors Upgrade) and HL-LHC Scientific diversity programme serving a broad community: ongoing experiments and facilities at Booster, PS, SPS and their upgrades (ELENA, HIE-ISOLDE) participation in accelerator-based neutrino projects outside Europe (presently mainly LBNF in the US) through CERN Neutrino Platform Preparation of CERN’s future: vibrant accelerator R&D programme exploiting CERN’s strengths and uniqueness (including superconducting high-field magnets, AWAKE, etc.) design studies for future accelerators: CLIC, FCC (includes HE-LHC) future opportunities of diversity programme (new): “Physics Beyond Colliders” Study Group Important milestone: update of the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP): ~ 2019-2020 Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) Linear e+e- collider √s up to 3 TeV 100 MV/m accelerating gradient needed for compact (~50 km) machine based on normal-conducting accelerating structures and a two-beam acceleration scheme Direct discovery potential and precise measurements of new particles (couplings to Z/γ*) up to m~ 1.5 TeV Parameter Unit 380 GeV 3 TeV Indirect sensitivity to E scales Λ ~ O(100) TeV Centre-of-mass energy TeV 0.38 3 Measurements of “heavy” Higgs Total luminosity 1034cm-2s-1 1.5 5.9 couplings: ttH to ~ 4%, HH ~ 10% Luminosity above 99% of √s 1034cm-2s-1 0.9 2.0 Repetition frequency Hz 50 50 Number of bunches per train 352 312 Most recent operating scenario: start Bunch separation ns 0.5 0.5 at √s=380 GeV for H and top physics Acceleration gradient MV/m 72 100 CLIC Challenges: CDR completed end 2012 for ES update: minimise RF breakdown rate in cavities develop plan for staged implementation efficient RF power transfer from drive to main beam complete key R&D studies reduce power consumption (600 MW at 3 TeV) review cost and schedule nm size beams, final focus huge beamstrahlung in detectors CTF3 facility: testing two-beam acceleration concept: efficient power transfer from high-intensity low-E “drive” beam to the accelerating structure of the main (“probe”) beam. to be completed
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