DOCSLIB.ORG

The Picking Table Volume 33, No. 1

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Picking Table Volume 33, No. 1 H TBLE JOURNAL of the ERANKLIN-OGDENSBURG MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY, Inc. Spring, 1992 VOLUME 33, No. 1 Price $5.00 The contents of The Picking Table are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. The FRANKLIN-OGDENSBURG MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY. Inc. The Officers, Trustees, Committee Chairmen, Editorial Board, etc. for 1992 President Philip P. Betancourt 410 Chester Avenue, Moorestown, NJ 08057 First Vice President Stephen E. Fritz 102 Alison Road, Apt. D17, Horsham, PA 19044 Second Vice President Chester S. Lemanski, Jr. 309 Massachusetts Avenue, Browns Mills, NJ 08015 Secretary Maureen E. Woods R.D. #2, Box 440J, Branchville, NJ 07826 Treasurer John Cianciulli 60 Alpine Road, Sussex, NJ 07461 Assistant Treasurer Steven C. Misiur 309 Fernwood Terrace, Linden, NJ 07036 Custodian (Slide Collection) Edward H. Wilk 202 Boiling Springs Ave., East Rutherford, NJ 07073 Trustees (Terms end on December 31 of year indicated) John L. Baum (1992) John C. Ebner (1993) Richard C. Bostwick (1993) George Elling (1993) Joseph Cilen (1993) Warren A. Langill (1992) Warren Cummings (1992) Edward H. Wilk (1992) Omer S. Dean (1992) Committee Chairmen & Assistants Auditing—William J. Trost Historical—John L. Baum Banquet — Maureen E. Woods Identification—Richard C. Bostwick Displays—Position Vacant Mineral Exchange—Richard C. Bostwick Field Trip—Edward H. Wilk Nominating—Omer S. Dean Field Trip (Ass't)—Warren Cummings Program—Stephen E. Fritz F.O.M.S. Delegates and Alternates to Eastern Federation of Mineral and Lapidary Societies (EFMLS) Delegates—Philip P. Betancourt and Stephen E. Fritz Alternates—Richard C. Bostwick and Omer S. Dean The Picking Table Editor—Omer S. Dean Editorial Board—John L. Baum, Richard C. Bostwick, and Earl R. Verbeek ****************************** PUBLICATIONS available from the FRANKLIN-OGDENSBURG MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY TITLE PRICE PALACHE, Charles (1935) The Minerals of Franklin and Sterling Hill, Sussex County, New Jersey. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 180. Softback edition, FOMS reprint 1974, 135 pages. Add $2.50 if ordered by mail. $10.00 FRONDEL, Clifford and BAUM, John L. (1974) Structure and Mineralogy of the Franklin Zinc-Iron-Manganese Deposit, New Jersey. Economic Geology, 69, No. 2, p. 157-180. Photocopies only. Add $1.25 if ordered by mail. $2.50 HORUZY, Paul, Editor (1990)The Odyssey of Ogdensburg and the Sterling Zinc Mine, Privately printed, Sterling Hill Mining Company. Add $1.75 if ordered by mail. $6.50 SHUSTER, Elwood Delos (1927) Historical Notes of the Iron and Zinc Mining Industry in Sussex County, New Jersey. Privately printed. Franklin Mineral Museum reprint, 48 pages. Add $0.75 if ordered by mail. $3.00 Proceedings Volume, Lehigh -FOMS Symposium (1990) Character and Origin of the Franklin-Sterling Hill Orebodies, 118 pages. Add $2.50 if ordered by mail. $12.50 The Henkel Glossary of Fluorescent Minerals. Journal of the Fluorescent Mineral Society, Special Issue, Volume 15 (1988-89). Add $1.75 if ordered by mail $12.50 Continued on the Inside Back Cover The contents of The Picking Table are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. TABLE Journal of the Franklin-Ogdensburg Mineralogical Society, Inc. Volume 33, Number 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page A Study of Top-Slicing at the Franklin Mine TPart 2 of 2^ William D. Lord, Jr., E.M., N.J. Zinc Co. 2 Franklin Mine fire conquered after stubborn fight H.N. Coriell, New Jersey Zinc Company 13 The Franklin-Sterling Hill mineral species list f dated 12/31/91) 14 The Welsh collection of minerals: a celebration " Paul B. Moore 16 "Cave Pearls" found at the Sterling Mine. Ogdensburg. Sussex County. New Jersey Al Jahle & Warren Langill 17 The Lead Silicate Minerals of Franklin. New Jersey: An SEM Survey [Reprinted from The Mineralogical Record, 22, pp 273-278 (1991)] Herb Yeates 18 Mineral Notes Research Reports: Kutnahorite (kutnohorite) 24 Gageite 2M and Gageite ITc 24 Sterling Hill Mining Museum Update Charles B. Ward 26 The F.O.M.S. Srin. 1992. Activit Schedule 28 ABOUT THE FRONT COVER PHOTOGRAPH Jacob Chuchwa is shown loading broken ore from a pillar slice at the Franklin mine into ore cars. This photograph appeared in Zinc, Volume 18, #1, October, 1938, as part of a feature article entitled "Any Day in the Franklin Mine." No photo credits were listed in the article. We are grateful to Dick Hauck for bringing that copy of Zinc to our attention. CRYSTAL DRAWINGS ON THE BACK COVER A series of crystals drawings for our back cover begins with this issue. These drawings are created by Herb Yeates using the computer program "SHAPE." The mineral crystals will appear in the chronological order in which they were described in the literature. The Picking Table, Spring 1992 The contents of The Picking Table are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. The first installment of this article appeared This is the second installment in The Picking Table, 32, #2, pp 17-23. of a two part series. A Study of Top-Slicing at the Franklin Mine William D. Lord, Jr., E.M. The New Jersey Zinc Company Franklin, New Jersey RESULTS OF SURVEY mining (Figure 6) and, in general, the more efficient pillars spent slightly more than this time on the To carry out the purpose of this survey, operation and the low efficiency pillars somewhat comparisons of different pillars had to be made on a less (Figure 151 not shown). The time used for block- basis which would give a fairly accurate picture of holing seemed to average about seven percent and the top-slicing cycle. The twenty-eight places of did not vary either way more than two and a half which records were kept were all active throughout percent regardless of the productivity of the pillar. nearly the whole period which these notes cover, However, block-holing represents a greater percent- however some of them went through various stages age of the total breaking time in the lower efficiency of preparation and completion of slices and the time pillars. It should be remembered here, as in the spent thus was carried "company time" and repre- following observations, that a more detailed study sents some distortion as regards the time study of the might show greater variations, i.e., in this day-to-day various operations necessary to mine the pillar itself. survey undoubtedly some time spent blockholing Nineteen pillars were selected for detailed was credited entirely to shoveling in the estimates. analysis. All of these nineteen pillars were essen- The dip shown for 80 pillar is accounted for due to the tially "on contract" for the entire four-week period taken into consideration, and by averaging the data from these pillars, a somewhat realistic picture of the top-slicing procedure can be had. A series of charts and graphs were made up showing the relative positions of these "contract" pillars from different standpoints. The first chart shows these pillars arranged, in descending order, according to the tons-per-man produced during the survey period. The assumption is made that the number one pillar on this chart is the most efficient in ore production and the last pillar is the least efficient for purposes of comment. In order to aid in the comparison of these pillars, this same order has been maintained throughout all of the other charts. In this way, it can be noted readily whether or not some particular operation or feature seems to bear directly upon the productivity of the place. Also, the total tons produced curve has been superimposed on these charts where it may be helpful for study. The total data collected in this survey is arranged in table form in the appendix. Breaking. /=/a On the average, breaking was found to take TZrre. Dsstnbufiorr Opervfiotrs about twenty-five percent of the total time of pillar iff Coittrvct ft/tors The Picking Table, Spring 1992 The contents of The Picking Table are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. fact that it was composed mostly of sand at this stage. The average drilling speed was about one hundred feet in four- teen man-hours (Figure 22/not shown). This varied irregularly from about eight man-hours to the hun- dred feet in the most efficient pillar to nearly nineteen man-hours to the hundred feet in the least efficient pillar. The character of the ore, the proficiency of the miners, and the type of machine (Waugh 11 or CF79) exert influence in varying degrees. The faster drilling automatic ma- chines were available in most cases to the places where they could be used to greatest advantage and the Waugh 1 Is were used in those pillars where the cracked and crushed con- dition of the ore would have impeded the full efficiency of the CF79s. And so, while those pillars using the heavier machines undoubtedly had an advantage over those with the hand-crank machines, this advantage was minimized by the comparative amenabilities of the pillar to fast and efficient mining. All other things equal, the drilling of bottom holes takes most of the drilling time. Because cut- tings are not washed out easily from down holes, especially if internal cracks allow the water to escape within the ore, a great deal of trouble is experienced with stuck steels. A solution to this problem might well increase general drilling speed and efficiency considerably. The tons produced per foot drilled cannot be powder used (Figure f3) gives a reasonable back- used as a consistent yardstick to measure skill in ground to Figure 14, and shows that the amount of placing footage because such results obviously de- drilling and powder used varies only generally with pend on whether the pillar is of solid ore, crushed and the tonnage produced.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Stated Meeting
    1893.1 SEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 75 single day-might, in his long experience, with every possibility be depended on. SECTIONOF ASTROXOMYAND PHYSICS. Professor REESin the chair. The secretary read a paper by Mr. Herman S. naris, Fellow in Astronomy at Col‘umbia Col- lege, entitled “ Sote on Bessel’s determination of thc relative parallaxes of p and fl Cassiopei:e.” Mr. naris had re-reduced the observations of right ascension difference of the two stars made by Bessel in the years 1814 to 1816, and printed in Engel- inanii’s “Abhandlnngen ron F. W. Ijesscl,” vol. 2, p. 215. Em- ploying the duwers, proper motions of the two stnrs and introducing into the Besselian equations a term to allow for dif- ferential proper motion, Mr. Davis arrives at the value : Parallax of p relative to t) Cassiopeiz =+0. ”02 5 Off 24. Where Bessel had obtained -- 0 “.12 5 Off .29. It will be seen that the new reduction diminishes materially the probable error of the result, in spite of the fact that the in- troduction of the proper motion term into the parallax equa- tions has lessened the weight of the determination of the parallax itself. Mr. Davis’ result is in very close though perhaps acci- dental accord with that derived from Mr. Rutherfiird’s photo- graphic measures, which was + 0” .04 (Annals N. Y. Academy, rol. viii., 11. 11). Professor William Hallock read a paper on ‘’ The Theory of Geysers,” in which he described his researches upon the geysers of the Yellowstone Park, and explained their action.
    [Show full text]
  • Inrnorucrron the Mineral Roeblingite Has Been Reported from Two
    MINERALOGICAL NOTES THE AMERICAN MINERALOGIST, VOL. 51, MARCH_APRIL' 1966 NEW DATA ON ROEBLINGITE1 FnaxrrrN F. Forr, !n., Department of Geology and Mineralogy, The IJniaersity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan- INrnorucrroN The mineral roeblingite has been reported from two Iocalities: Franklin was Furnace,New Jersey,and Langban, Sweden.The Franklin material frrst describedby Penfield and Foote (1897) as dense,white, compact massesof minute prismatic crystals associatedwith axinite, willemite, datolite, barite, arsenopyrite,sphalerite, titanite, rhodonite and rhodo- chrosite,in or near the limestone-granitecontact. During an extensive mineralogical investigation of the Langban mineralsinitiated in the late 1920'sby G. Aminoff of the Natural History Museum, Stockholm, Sweden, a mineral similar in composition to roeblingite was discovered. A complete investigation of this new dis- covery demanded more reliable chemical data than was offered by Penfieldand Foote.Therefore, R. Blix (1931)performed several chemical analyseson the Franklin roeblingite in an effort to remedy the difficulty encounteredby Penfield and Foote in assigninga chemical formula. The chemical analyses from both sources are tabulated in Table I. Strunz (1957) reports the Langban roeblingite as possibly being orthorhombic with o:8.3, b:13.1, and c:12'65 A. Ho*evet' some difficulty is en- countered in obtaining a reasonable formula from the application of theseparameters to the available chemical analyses. X-nav ANar-vsrs A specimenfrom each of the localities was investigated by both powder diffraction and single crystal methods. This investigation confirmed that roeblingite found at Langban is structurally identical to the Franklin material. A list of indexed d-values for roeblingite is presented in Table II.
    [Show full text]
  • HEDYPHANE from FRANKLIN FURNACE, NEW JERSEY Wu. F
    JOURNAL MINERALOGICALSOCIETY OF AMERICA 351 Missouri, of the U. S. Geological Survev. Starting out from Ilarrison, the main road running southwestward (in 1925 not completed, but ultimately to extend to Fort Smith) is followed' About 25 kilometers (16 miles) frorn Harrison the tiny settlement of Compton is passed,recognized by the right-angled turn of the road from south to west;and 6.5 km. (4 m.) further west,where the road swingssouthward, one's auto must be parked and the journey continued on foot. An indistinct road, used to haul out timber, extendseast from the main road down into the gorge of Sneed'sCreek (which rises somewhat further west than shown on the map) and this is to be followed about 200 meters, to a point where the slope becomes very steep. Then, on scrambling down the hillside perhaps 100 meters,a group of small prospectpits will be more or lessplainly seen. These have long since fallen shut, and good sized trees are growing on the dumps, but the light color of many of the frag- ments renders them rather conspicuous against the brown forest soil. On digging into the mass of decomposedshale-a pickaxe and spade will be found useful-occasional small lumps of a soft, white, chalky material, more or less stained by iron oxides, are encountered;and this is the newtonite. Under the microscopeit is seen to be made up of minute grains of nearly,squareoutline, which have been variously interpreted as rhombs or as tetragonal bipyramids, but which, it is hoped, can now be further studied.
    [Show full text]
  • The Picking Table Volume 19, No. 2
    JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN-OGDENSBURG MINERALOGICAL SOCIETY Volume 19 Sept. 1978 Number Two The contents of The Picking Table are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. SOCIETY PROGRAM - FALL 1978 All meetings will be held at the Hardyston School, Intersection of Rts. 23 and 517, Franklin, N.J. Pre- meeting activities begin at 1:00 P.M. Lectures at 2:00 P.M. Saturday, Field Trip: Trotter Mineral Dump, Main Street, Franklin, N.J. Sept. 16th 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon. Lecture: Speaker: Carl Francis - Curator, Harvard Museum, "Franklin Mineralogy" Saturday, Field Trip: Bodnar (Rudetown) Quarry, Quarry Rd., Rudeville, N.J. Oct. 21st 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon Lecture: Speaker: Kurt Siegler, "The Arsenate Minerals" Saturday, Field Trip: Buckwheat Mineral Dump, Evans Street, Franklin, N.J. Nov. 18th 9:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon. Lecture: Speaker: George Pidgeon, "Mineral Identification" DAILY FRANKLIN ATTRACTIONS BUCKWHEAT Mineral Dump — Entrance through the Franklin Mineral Museum, Evans Street, Franklin — Open April through November — Daily collecting fee. Closed Mondays. FRANKLIN Mineral Museum — Evans Street, Franklin, N.J. Open April through November. Admission fee. Closed on Mondays. GERSTMANN Franklin Mineral Museum, Walsh Road, Franklin, N.J. •- Open daily, year round. No charge; donations accepted. TROTTER Mineral Dump, Main Street, Franklin, N.J. • Behind Borough Hall — Open year round, except during inclement weather. Manager Nick Zipco on call. Daily fee. THE PICKING TABLE , official publication of The Franklin-Ogdensburg Mineralogical Society, Inc. is issued twice yearly; a March issue with news and the Spring program, and a September issue with news and the Fall program.
    [Show full text]
  • Gahnite-Franklinite Intergrowths at the Sterling Hill Zinc Deposit, Sussex County, New Jersey: an Analytical and Experimental Study
    Lehigh University Lehigh Preserve Theses and Dissertations 1-1-1978 Gahnite-franklinite intergrowths at the Sterling Hill zinc deposit, Sussex County, New Jersey: An analytical and experimental study. Antone V. Carvalho Follow this and additional works at: http://preserve.lehigh.edu/etd Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Carvalho, Antone V., "Gahnite-franklinite intergrowths at the Sterling Hill zinc deposit, Sussex County, New Jersey: An analytical and experimental study." (1978). Theses and Dissertations. Paper 2136. This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by Lehigh Preserve. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Lehigh Preserve. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GAHNITE-FRANKLINITE INTERGROWTHS AT THE STERLING HILL ZINC DEPOSIT, SUSSEX COUNTY, NEW JERSEY: AN ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY by Antone V. Carvalho III A Thesis Presented to the Graduate Committee of Lehigh University in Candidacy for the Degree of Master of Science in Geological Sciences Lehigh University 1978 ProQuest Number: EP76409 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest EP76409 Published by ProQuest LLC (2015). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin 65, the Minerals of Franklin and Sterling Hill, New Jersey, 1962
    THEMINERALSOF FRANKLINAND STERLINGHILL NEWJERSEY BULLETIN 65 NEW JERSEYGEOLOGICALSURVEY DEPARTMENTOF CONSERVATIONAND ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 65 THE MINERALS OF FRANKLIN AND STERLING HILL, NEW JERSEY bY ALBERT S. WILKERSON Professor of Geology Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey STATE OF NEw JERSEY Department of Conservation and Economic Development H. MAT ADAMS, Commissioner Division of Resource Development KE_rr_ H. CR_V_LINCDirector, Bureau of Geology and Topography KEMBLEWIDX_, State Geologist TRENTON, NEW JERSEY --1962-- NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY NEW JERSEY GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CONTENTS PAGE Introduction ......................................... 5 History of Area ................................... 7 General Geology ................................... 9 Origin of the Ore Deposits .......................... 10 The Rowe Collection ................................ 11 List of 42 Mineral Species and Varieties First Found at Franklin or Sterling Hill .......................... 13 Other Mineral Species and Varieties at Franklin or Sterling Hill ............................................ 14 Tabular Summary of Mineral Discoveries ................. 17 The Luminescent Minerals ............................ 22 Corrections to Franklln-Sterling Hill Mineral List of Dis- credited Species, Incorrect Names, Usages, Spelling and Identification .................................... 23 Description of Minerals: Bementite ......................................... 25 Cahnite ..........................................
    [Show full text]
  • THE FRANKLIN STERLING MINERAL AREA by Helen A~ Biren, Brooklyn College " TRIP
    '-_.-. E-l THE FRANKLIN STERLING MINERAL AREA by Helen A~ Biren, Brooklyn College " TRIP, . E Introduction The area which we shall visit is 'a limestone region lying in the New Jersey Highlands, which is part of the Reading Prong. It extends in a northeasterly direction ac~os5 the northern part of the state. The rocks are Precamqrian "crystal,lines" with narrow,beltsof in­ . folded and infaul ted Paleozoic. sedimentary rocks. Major 10ngi.::tr,~9;nal faults slice the fold structures,so that the area has been ,described as a series of fault blcicks e~iendingfr6m south of tbe Sterling Mine to Big Island, N. Y. ", ", For. many years the Franklin Limeston~iyielded enough zinc .to make 'New Jersey a, leading producer of this commo~!~ty.~)',Mining has steadily de­ creased in thi'sarea, and in '1955 thefrankl.inMine ~as shut dm.W1 perman­ :eDtl y, so .that mineral specimens are4eri ve({:ma~~l y ,from surfqce dumps and quarries. Some twenty million tons of ore were remQved from Franklin before it was shut down. Prior to mining, the ore outcropped in two synclinal folds com­ pletely within the limestone, which pitched to the northeast at an angle .. _" ,of about 250 with the horizontal. In these two horseshoe shaped bodies "Were developed the Franklin and the Ste,r,Ung M~nes. This zinc ore :h,,: unique in its lack of sulfides and lead mir,tera~~:, and in the occurrence 'of frankliniteand zincite as substantia~~ore m~nerals. : :: The limestone has produced nearly 200 species of minerals, some 33 of which were first found ip,Fr(inklin,and .about 30 of which have never been found el$emere.
    [Show full text]
  • Geology Club Field Trip New Jersey Zinc Mine and Vicinity
    Geology Club Field Trip New Jersey Zinc Mine and Vicinity Ogdensburg, NJ 3-4 May 2008 Bedrock map of the area surrounding the New Jersey Zinc Mine in Ogdensburg, New Jersey. The mines are found in the Franklin Marble (tan unit in center). See figure 1 for description of units. (From Spencer et al., 1908.) Guidebook Notes © 2008 Charles Merguerian, Hofstra University, NY 11549 INTRODUCTION Ore petrology is a unique application of the techniques we have developed in our experiences this semester in Geology 133. The main difference is that ore petrology utilizes reflected, rather than transmitted light to identify opaque mineral phases. Yet, the study of ore phases, textures, and the geochemical secrets of ore formation offer important insights into former tectonic regimes for card-carrying fans of orogenic studies. On today’s trip we visit one of northwestern New Jersey's unique mineral deposits in the Franklin-Sterling Hill area, Sussex County. In the words of Robert W. Jones (1982, p. 194): "The next time you are stuck in turnpike traffic or have had it with the moribund world, head for the rolling hills of northwest New Jersey and revel in the history and beauty of America's unique zinc mines and minerals." Jones neglects to add how you get unstuck from the traffic to get to northwestern New Jersey from Long Island, but, back to Jones (1982, p. 190): "Franklin and Ogdensburg (Sterling Hill mine) are neighboring towns nestled in the rolling hills of northwest New Jersey. Each is situated next to a zinc-iron-manganese ore deposit the likes of which exist nowhere else in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Description of Franklin Furnace Quadrangle
    DESCRIPTION OF FRANKLIN FURNACE QUADRANGLE. By A. C. Spencer, H. B. Kummel, J. E. Wolff, B. D. Salisbury, and Charles Palache. GEOGRAPHY. are from 50 to 100 feet higher. These hilltops are DESCRIPTIVE GEOLOGY. extends from the Hudson Palisades southwest- By A. C. SPENCER. remnants of a former topography which would be ward across New Jersey and Pennsylvania. GENERAL RELATIONS. restored if the minor valleys of the wide depression -Around the periphery of the pre-Cambrian GENERAL RELATIONS. were filled. The ancient surface thus defined rises By A. C. SPENCER. area on the northwest, north, and east, the The Franklin Furnace quadrangle is bounded gently from the southeast until it meets the steep The rocks of the Franklin Furnace quadrangle rocks are Paleozoic. The boundary between by parallels 41° and 41° 15' north latitude, and slope of Kittatinny Mountain, and is obviously a comprise a series of crystalline gneisses and lime­ the area of ancient crystalline rocks and the meridians 74° 30' and 74° 45' west longitude, feature of later origin than the Kittatinny Plateau. stones older than the Cambrian, stratified forma­ Newark belt is on the whole a simple one, but covering one-sixteenth of a square degree. It is Within the several belts of Kittatinny limestone tions ranging in age from Cambrian to Devonian, the line limiting the older rocks against those of approximately 17 miles in length and 13 miles in most of the hills rise from 50 to 150 feet above the and intrusive rocks later than Ordovician. Paleozoic age is sinuous in the extreme. The width, and has an area of about 225 square miles.
    [Show full text]
  • Geochemistry of the Furnace Magnetite Bed, Franklin, New Jersey
    Economic Geology Vol. 98, 2003, pp. 837–854 Geochemistry of the Furnace Magnetite Bed, Franklin, New Jersey, and the Relationship between Stratiform Iron Oxide Ores and Stratiform Zinc Oxide-Silicate Ores in the New Jersey Highlands CRAIG A. JOHNSON† U.S. Geological Survey, Box 25046, MS 963, Denver, Colorado 80225 AND BRIAN J. SKINNER Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520 Abstract The New Jersey Highlands terrane, which is an exposure of the Middle Proterozoic Grenville orogenic belt located in northeastern United States, contains stratiform zinc oxide-silicate deposits at Franklin and Sterling Hill and numerous massive magnetite deposits. The origins of the zinc and magnetite deposits have rarely been considered together, but a genetic link is suggested by the occurrence of the Furnace magnetite bed and small magnetite lenses immediately beneath the Franklin zinc deposit. The Furnace bed was metamorphosed and deformed along with its enclosing rocks during the Grenvillian orogeny, obscuring the original mineralogy and obliterating the original rock fabrics. The present mineralogy is manganiferous magnetite plus calcite. Trace hydrous silicates, some coexisting with fluorite, have fluorine contents that are among the highest ever observed in natural assemblages. Furnace bed calcite has δ13C values of –5 ± 1 per mil relative to Peedee belemnite (PDB) and δ18O values of 11 to 20 per mil relative to Vienna-standard mean ocean water (VSMOW). The isotopic compositions do not vary as expected for an original siderite layer that decarbonated during meta- morphism, but they are consistent with nearly isochemical metamorphism of an iron oxide + calcite protolith that is chemically and mineralogically similar to iron-rich sediments found near the Red Sea brine pools and isotopically similar to Superior-type banded iron formations.
    [Show full text]
  • Crystal Chemistry of the Humite Minerals
    CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY OF THE HUMITE MINERALS by Norris William Jones Thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute in partial fulfillment for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Geological Sciences APPROVED: Chairman, P. H. Ribbe G. V. Gibbs R. V. Dietrich "T W. D. Lo-.;:;y J. W. Murray June, 1968 Blacksburg, Virginia TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ·Acknowledgements . •• iv List of Tables . v List of Figures • . • •• vi INTRODUCTION . • . • . 1 CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF THE HUMITES . 4 General . • . • . 4 Comparison of the humite minerals and olivine . 9 Morphotropy . •• 16 Epitaxial intergrowths and twinning . •• 17 Choice of space group and crystallographic axes • 20 CHEMISTRY OF THE HUMITE MINERALS •• . •• 24 Composition . .. •• 24 Compositional variation . • 29 Stoichiometric considerations . • • 32 Electron microprobe analyses . • 38 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COMPOSITION AND CELL PARAMETERS •• • 49 ' . (Fe + Mn) for Mg. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • 49 Ti for Mg •••• . • • • 52 (OH,F) for 0 . • 52 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS . • •• 55 APPENDIX A: Chemical analyses of the humite minerals • • • 57 APPENDIX B: Calculations of OH, -0, and stoichiometric ratios • 72 APPENDIX C: Microprobe techniques • ~ • • • • • • • • • • • • • 75 ii iii Page Operating conditions • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 76 Data corrections • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 77 Drift. • • • • • • • • • • • • • 80 Dead time. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 80 Background . • • • • • • • • • • • . 81 Mass absorption. • • • • • • • • . 81 Atomic number.
    [Show full text]
  • Franklin Mineral Digest 1959
    Franklin Mineral Digest 1959 PARAGENETIC TABLE OF THE MINERALS OF THE FRANKLIN AREA Primary Ore Minerals Hydrothermal vein minerals Franklinite Willemite A lbi te Loseyite Zincite Tephroite Fowlerite Quartz Tremolite Zincite Pegmatite Contact Minerals Lrocidolite Hematite Willemite Beta erolite Skarn: Pneumatolyttc products: Friedelite Goethite Hyalophane Margarosanite Schallerite Manganite Diopside Pectolite Mcgovernite Pyrochroite Jeffersonite W illemite Leucophoenicite Manganbrucite Schefferite Barylite Gageite Chalcophanite Zinc schefferite Nasonite Hodgkinsonite Hedyphane Fowlerite Barysilite Ganophyllite Arseniosiderite Bustamite Glaucochroite Apophyllite Allactite Zinc-manganese cum- Tephroite Calciothomsonite Chlorophoenicite mingtonite La rsenite Stilbite Magnesium chlorophoeni- Manganiferous amphi- Calcium larsenite Heulandite cite boles : Beryllium vesuvianite Chlorite Holdenite Hastingsite, Paragasite, Roeblingite Manganiferous serpentine Sussexite etc. Hancockite Bementite Barite Garnet, var. andradite Prehnite Talc Celestite Hardystonite Leucophoenicite Fluoborite Anhydrite Tephroite Clinohedrite Mooreite Galena Roepperite Hodgkinsonite Delta-mooreite Sphalerite Glaucochroite Datolite Aragonite Greenockite Vesuvianite, var. cyprine Cahnite Dolomite Pyrite Xonotlite Sussexite Siderite Marcasite Biotite, var. Mangano- Manganoaxinite Rh odochrosite Millerite phyllite Cuspidine Smithsonite Tennantite Gahnite Apatite Surface oxidation products Magnetite Hedyphane Svabite Recrystallization prod- Calamine Psilomelane Franklinite
    [Show full text]