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THE CONNECTICUT AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION Record of the Year 2008-2009 The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, founded in 1875, was the first state agricultural experiment station in the United States. The Station has laboratories, offices, and greenhouses at 123 Huntington Street, New Haven 06511, Lockwood Farm for experiments on Evergreen Avenue in Hamden 06518, the Valley Laboratory and farm on Cook Hill Road, Windsor 06095, and a research center in Griswold and Voluntown. Station research is conducted by members of the following departments: Analytical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Genetics, Entomology, Forestry and Horticulture, Plant Pathology and Ecology, and Soil and Water. The Station is chartered by the Connecticut General Statutes to experiment with plants and their pests, insects, soil and water and to perform analyses. The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station – Record of the Year 2008-2009 1 | 2 The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station – Record of the Year 2008-2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 5 BOARD OF CONTROL 6 STATION STAFF 7 PLANT SCIENCE DAY 11 EVENTS HELD AT THE STATION 18 Getting Started in Organic Farming Conference 18 Analytical Chemistry Hosts Tour for Legislators and Public 18 Connecticut Bed Bug Forum 18 Host Delegation from Hubei Provincial Academy of Forestry, China 19 EVENTS HELD AT THE VALLEY LABORATORY 19 Nursery and Landscape Research Tour 19 Annual Twilight Meeting for Christmas Tree Growers 19 EVENTS HELD IN THE COMMUNITY 19 Annual Tobacco Research Meeting 19 CAES Participates in the Big E 20 CAES Exhibits at Connecticut Flower and Garden Show 20 The Station Participates in Gateway’s “Girls Go Green Stem” Expo 20 Station Participates in the 3rd Annual Norwalk-Wilton Tree Festival 21 LOCKWOOD LECTURES 21 FOOD DONATIONS 22 AWARDS AND RECOGNITION RECEIVED BY STATION STAFF 22 EXPERIMENT STATION ASSOCIATES 23 The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station – Record of the Year 2008-2009 3 THE PRESS SPEAKS 24 THE PUBLIC SPEAKS 32 SCIENTIFIC OFFICERSHIPS AND MEMBERSHIPS 47 Department of Analytical Chemistry 47 Department of Biochemistry and Genetics 47 Department of Entomology 48 Department of Forestry and Horticulture 49 Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology 50 Department of Soil and Water 51 Valley Laboratory 52 LECTURES, SEMINARS, AND INTERVIEWS 54 ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE 109 Department of Analytical Chemistry 109 Department of Biochemistry and Genetics 123 Department of Entomology 129 Department of Forestry and Horticulture 145 Grants and Contracts Office 160 Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology 162 Department of Soil and Water 182 Valley Laboratory 202 BULLETINS PUBLISHED DURING 2008-2009 227 SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN 2008-2009 228 Department of Analytical Chemistry 228 Departent of Biochemistry and Genetics 228 Department of Entomology 228 Department of Forestry and Horticulture 229 Department of Plant Pathology and Ecology 231 Department of Soil and Water 233 Valley Laboratory 235 4 The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station – Record of the Year 2008-2009 INTRODUCTION The main mission of The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station (CAES) is research. Work is accomplished by performing experiments in the laboratory and field. In many cases, studies are conducted in growers’ fields and forests where plant pest problems occur. During the past year, there have been significant budget cuts due to the severe economic recession and declining state revenue. Nonetheless, there were several agricultural and health problems that still needed special attention. Tire crumbs, used in artificial turf for athletic fields, were found releasing toxic chemicals in laboratory tests. A state study, conducted by CAES, the Department of Environmental Protection, Department of Public Health, and the University of Connecticut (Farmington), was organized to address possible adverse health affects of athletic fields that have tire crumb components. Late blight of tomatoes and potatoes destroyed crops in gardens and commercial fields. Bed bugs have become more numerous in residences and hotels. Ticks continue to be abundant and important transmitters of agents that cause Lyme disease, human babesiosis, and granulocytic anaplasmosis. Finally, mosquitoes have been found carrying the West Nile and Eastern Equine Encephalitis viruses in widely separated areas of the state. Outreach programs have been expanded to disseminate new scientific findings to the public. Two open house events allowed state residents to meet the scientific staff, see experimental plots and laboratories, hear oral presentations, and to make comment on research programs. The Experiment Station’s website has been very effective in facilitating public access to scientific results; there were 1,758,400 page views during the past year. At least 800 talks and interviews were given to civic groups and the media. Articles were published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. Our outreach and research programs will continue to be integrated as we move forward. Louis A. Magnarelli Director The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station – Record of the Year 2008-2009 5 BOARD OF CONTROL The management of the Station is vested in a Board of Control as specified in Section 22-79 of the General Statutes of Connecticut. The members of the Board of Control as of June 30, 2009 were Governor M. Jodi Rell, President Commissioner F. Philip Prelli Mr. Terry Jones, Vice President Dr. Stephen L. Dellaporta Mr. Paul Larson, Secretary Ms. Norma O’Leary Dr. Louis A. Magnarelli, Director Dr. Johan C. Varekamp The Board of Control met on August 6, 2008, October 15, 2008, January 20, 2009, and April 15, 2009. In July 2008, Mr. Leon Zapadka retired from the Board. Mr. Paul Larson replaced him and became Secretary. 6 The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station – Record of the Year 2008-2009 STATION STAFF The Experiment Station exists to advance the frontiers of knowledge for mankind, and that advance depends completely upon the quality of its staff. The following was the staff of The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station as of June 30, 2009. ADMINISTRATION Dr. Louis A. Magnarelli, Director Dr. Kirby C. Stafford, III, Vice Director Michael Last, Chief of Services Dianne Albertini Vickie Bomba-Lewandoski Tess Foley Joan Ives-Parisi Lisa Kaczenski Roberta Milano-Ottenbreit Kathryn Soleski ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY Dr. MaryJane Incorvia Mattina, Department Head Terri Arsenault Dr. Brian D. Eitzer Dr. Lester Hankin, Emeritus William A. Berger Dr. Walter J. Krol Xiaolin Li Craig L. Musante John Ranciato Dr. Christina S. Robb BIOCHEMISTRY & GENETICS Dr. Neil A. McHale, Department Head Carol R. Clark Dr. Douglas W. Dingman Regan Huntley Cynthia Musante Dr. Richard B. Peterson Dr. Neil P. Schultes Dr. Israel Zelitch, Emeritus The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station – Record of the Year 2008-2009 7 BUILDINGS AND MAINTENANCE Bancroft Nicholson, Supervisor Ron LaFrazier Gloria Mach Miguel Roman Michael Scott Nicole Wachter ` ENTOMOLOGY Dr. Kirby C. Stafford, III, Department Head Elizabeth E. Alves Dr. John F. Anderson, Distinguished Scientist Dr. Anuja Bharadwaj Tia Blevins Rosemarie J. Bonito Bonnie L. Hamid Rose Hiskes Ira J. Kettle Morgan F. Lowry Dr. Chris T. Maier Michael J. Misencik Angela B. Penna Dr. Gale E. Ridge Dr. Claire E. Rutledge Stephen J. Sandrey Dr. Victoria L. Smith Dr. Kimberly A. Stoner Heidi Stuber Peter W. Trenchard Michael P. Vasil Tracy Zarillo FORESTRY & HORTICULTURE Dr. Jeffrey S. Ward, Department Head Joseph P. Barsky Joan Bravo Dr. Martin P. N. Gent Dr. David Hill - Emeritus Dr. Abigail A. Maynard Dr. William R. Nail Michael R. Short Dr. Paul E. Waggoner, Distinguished Scientist Dr. Scott C. Williams 8 The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station – Record of the Year 2008-2009 GRISWOLD RESEARCH CENTER Robert Durgy LOCKWOOD FARM Richard M. Cecarelli, Farm Manager Rollin J. Hannan, Jr. Michael McHill PLANT PATHOLOGY & ECOLOGY Dr. Sharon Douglas, Department Head Dr. Sandra L. Anagnostakis Dr. Donald E. Aylor, Emeritus Dr. Botond Balogh Sandra E. Carney Dr. Wade H. Elmer Dr. Francis J. Ferrandino Mary K. Inman Dr. Robert E. Marra Pamela Sletten Peter W. Thiel SOIL & WATER Dr. Theodore G. Andreadis, Department Head Dr. Phillip M. Armstrong Martha E. Balfour Gregory J. Bugbee Shannon L. Finan Dr. Shaoming Huang Dr. Goudarz Molaei Dr. Joseph J. Pignatello John J. Shepard Michael C. Thomas Dr. Charles R. Vossbrinck Dr. Jason C. White VALLEY LABORATORY Dr. James A. LaMondia, Department Head Dr. John Ahrens - Emeritus Jane Canepa-Morrison Dr. Carole Cheah Dr. Richard Cowles Jeffrey M. Fengler Dr. Dewei Li Dr. Todd L. Mervosh The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station – Record of the Year 2008-2009 9 James Preste Thomas M. Rathier Michelle Salvas Dr. Hugh Smith John Winiarski 10 The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station – Record of the Year 2008-2009 PLANT SCIENCE DAY 2008 Heavy rain was on tap for Plant Science Day 2008. Just before 9:00am, the rain let up and then finally departed, leaving dark threatening skies for the remainder of the day. The entire staff pitched in to dry things off in time to greet approximately 700 visitors to Lockwood Farm. The following short talks and demonstrations were well attended throughout the day. Dr. John F. Anderson and Dr. Francis J. Ferrandino Bed Bugs in Connecticut Dr. Sandra L. Anagnostakis Chestnuts are Coming Back! Dr. Jeffrey S. Ward Japanese Barberry Control Alternatives Dr. Abigail A. Maynard Growing Your Own Transplants for Your Vegetable