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The Dukes of Mazovia Route

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The Dukes of Mazovia Route TABLE OF CONTENTS: The main branch of the rulers of Mazovia 2 Key dates 4 Warsaw in the era of the Dukes of Mazovia 7 Jazdów 8 Three Crosses Square (Plac Trzech Krzyży) 8 Church of St. Anna 8 Royal Castle 9 St. John’s Cathedral 10 City walls 10 House belonging to the Dukes of Mazovia 11 Zakroczym Street (Ulica Zakroczymska) 11 Route of Konrad of Mazovia – Western Part 13 Zakroczym 14 Czerwińsk 15 Wyszogród 17 Bodzanów 17 Płock 18 Drobin 21 Sierpc 22 Route of Konrad of Mazovia – Eastern Part 25 Serock 26 Pułtusk 26 Maków Mazowiecki 28 Przasnysz 30 Grudusk 31 Ciechanów 32 Opinogóra 33 Route of Duchess Anna and the last Dukes of Mazovia 35 Siedlce 36 Liw 36 Węgrów 38 THE DUKES Ostrów Mazowiecka 39 DOWNLOAD Route of Duke Janusz 43 APPLICATION Piaseczno 44 OF MAZOVIA ROUTE Czersk 45 Warka 46 Kozienice 47 Sieciechów 48 Iłża 49 tourist guide Szydłowiec 49 www.dziedzictwomazowsza.pl Chlewiska 51 Route of the Siemowits 53 Błonie 54 Kampinos 56 Brochów 57 Sochaczew 58 Giżyce 60 Sanniki 60 Project entitled “Tourist routes showcasing the cultural heritage of Mazovia”, co-funded by the European Union from Gostynin 61 the European Regional Development Fund, as part of the Regional Operational Programme of the Mazowieckie Voivodship for 2007-2013, Priority 6.2 Tourism B OSTRÓDA GRAJEWO PISZ I Biebrza IŁAWA SZCZYTNO MOŃKI SOKÓŁKA KOLNO GRUDZIĄDZ NOWE MIASTO LUBAWSKIE NIDZICA A The series WĄBRZEŹNO DZIAŁDOWO Narew ŁOMŻA also includes BRODNICA p. 24 p. 34 GOLUB- OSTROŁĘKA -DOBRZYŃ MŁAWA ŻUROMIN BIAŁYSTOK Ł PRZASNYSZ ZAMBRÓW TORUŃ RYPIN WYSOKIE Wisła p. 12 Opinogóra 3 MAKÓW Narew MAZ. SIERPC MAZ. BIELSK PODLASKI CIECHANÓW MAZOVIA. Today,O it is the heart of Poland. At the time of the formation of the Commonwealth, it was its own ALEKSANDRÓW LIPNO OSTRÓW MAZ. state for more than three centuries. The centre of the region is the bustling metropolis of Warsaw, surrounded by KUJAWSKI PUŁTUSK towns, villages and landmarks yet to be fully explored. Curious travellers will discover in the region a number of WŁOCŁAWEK p. 52 PŁOŃSK WYSZKÓW Bug mysterious castles and manors, historic churches and quaint little towns, as well as former battlefields and diverse landscapes that have been attracting film makers to the area for many years now. Mazovia is one big reservoir PŁOCK of historical, cultural and natural wealth. All you have to do is stand at its boundaries and say the magic words: NOWY Serock 4 SOKOŁÓW SIEMIATYCZE Mazovia, openR sesame! And then follow the route of your choice. GOSTYNIN 2 DWÓR MAZ. PODLASKI LEGIONOWO WĘGRÓW Zakroczym Here is THE DUKES OF MAZOVIA ROUTE – where you can travel back in time to the Middle Ages, when WOŁOMIN 6 Mazovia gained importance and prosperity thanks to the wisdom and ambition of its rulers. The progenitor of the OŻARÓW Mazovian branch of the Piast dynasty was Konrad of Mazovia. The story of the dynasty he originated speaks of KOŁO MAZ. WARSZAWA ŁOSICE three centuriesU in which a civilisation was built across virtually unspoilt territory. The dukes founded more than a SOCHACZEW Błonie 1 SIEDLCE KUTNO MIŃSK MAZ. hundred towns and built castles and churches in a style known as Mazovian Gothic, which have become a perma- ŁOWICZ GRODZISK OTWOCK MAZOWIECKI PRUSZKÓW nent fixture in the history of art. Mazovia’s past also involves some shocking family histories (one of which became ŁĘCZYCA p. 42 PIASECZNO BIAŁA an inspiration for Shakespeare), legends about the treasures of the Knights Templar and an incredible invention ŻYRARDÓW PODLASKA that helped secure the victory of the Polish and ŁUKÓW LithuanianŚ army, assisted by Mazovian units, in SKIERNIEWICE GARWOLIN the Battle of Grunwald. WYVERN – A SYMBOL ZGIERZ OF THE DUKES OF MAZOVIA PODDĘBICE GRÓJEC RADZYŃ The Dukes of Mazovia Route is one of three new The two-legged dragon known as a wyvern was ŁÓDŹ BRZEZINY PODLASKI routes that will enable you to discover the Mazo- featured in the duchy’s seals and flags from 1329 RAWA MAZ. 5 RYKI PARCZEW vian Heritage. It is also worth exploring the other until the fall of the Duchy of Mazovia in 1526. Ma- Warsaw in the era of the Dukes Pilica KOZIENICE two. The Chopin Route follows in the footsteps zovia was the sole place in continental Europe 1 ŁASKPABIANICE | p. 7 of Mazovia TOMASZÓW BIAŁOBRZEGI of one of the world’s foremost composers, who where a dragon came to symbolise power, much MAZOWIECKI Wieprz SIERADZ ZDUŃSKA spent half his life in Mazovia. The Battle of War- like in King Arthur-Era England, while elsewhere Route of Konrad of Mazovia LUBARTÓW WOLA2 | p. 13 saw 1920 Route is a trek back in time and space in Christendom the dragon signified evil. Could - Western Part that will help you understand why a battle that the wyvern have come to Mazovia from the British BEŁCHATÓW OPOCZNO PRZYSUCHA ZWOLEŃ PUŁAWY ŁĘCZNA Route of Konrad of MazoviaPIOTRKÓW RADOM took place almost a century ago is considered Isles? There is the possibility that the coat of arms 3 | p. 25 - Eastern Part TRYBUNALSKI one of the crucial events in European history. was brought over by Magnus, son of England’s Chlewiska ŚWIDNIK King Harold, killed in the Battle of Hastings. It Route of Duchess Anna and KOŃSKIE LIPSKO LUBLIN For more information, go to is presumably his tomb that was uncovered in 4 | p. 35 SZYDŁOWIEC PAJĘCZNOthe last Dukes of Mazovia OPOLE www.dziedzictwomazowsza.pl Czersk near the ruins of the Church of St. Peter Warta LUBELSKIE Wisła There is also an applicationand Paul. for mobile devices 5 Route of Duke Janusz | p. 43 SKARŻYSKO- STARACHOWICE -KAMIENNA RADOMSKO KRASNYSTAW 6 Route of the Siemowits | p. 53 OSTROWIEC KRAŚNIK ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKI KIELCE KŁOBUCK WŁOSZCZOWA The Dukes of Mazovia Route C Z E C H Y A N I A R K U Primary branch of Mazovia’s rulers 2 The Dukes of Mazovia Route 3 Czersk Castle 1313 Duke Bolesław II dies. 1370 300 years of On his deathbed, he divides Mazovia King Casimir the Great dies heirless as the last among his three member of the Piast dynasty on the Polish throne. sons, Siemowit II, Following a feudal contract between the king and Trojden and Duke Siemowit III, Mazovia becomes united and Wenceslaus sovereign once again. The sovereign status of Ma- M of Płock zovia was reflected in Duke Siemowit III’s refusal to azovia’s independence – key dates azovia’s Mazovia’s 300 years of independence From this participate in the coronation of Louis of Hungary as moment on, the king of Poland. Siemowit III divides the duchy be- key dates Duchy will be divided tween his two sons, giving Eastern Mazovia, with its into provinces and partial- capital in Czersk, to Janusz and Western Mazovia, ly feudally dependent on Czech rulers, and then on with its capital in Płock, to Siemowit IV. This division 1138 the king of Poland for nearly 60 years. Unification was in effect until Mazovia was finally incorporated into and independence of the Duchy are not brought Poland. Prince Bolesław Wrymouth about until the succession of Trojden’s son, Duke Around the year 1200 dies in Sochaczew. He Siemowit III, who is considered to be one of Mazovia’s At the turn of the 14th and 15th centuries leaves behind a will in which, most brilliant rulers. a grandson of Bolesław Wrymouth, Konrad of Mazo- as noted by Gallus Anonymus, the Duchy of Mazovia is at its peak, and its rulers are via (1187/1188-1247) becomes the sovereign Duke of to prevent any civil wars, feuds among the key players on the political scene in this part Mazovia and Kuyavia. He shares the provinces, which or conflicts that might erupt after 1454 of Europe. Taking advantage of the in- were the legacy of his father, Casimir the Just, with his his death, he divided the Kingdom terregnum following the death of Lou- brother Leszek the White. of Poland, which up until then he ruled single-handedly Bolesław IV, a grandson of Duke Janusz, dies is I of Hungary, Siemowit IV attempts as its sole duke and monarch, among his four sons. He during a hunting trip. He leaves behind his young to secure the Polish throne for him- assigns to the eldest son supreme power and the royal sons in his Eastern Mazovian domain. A year lat- self. To accumulate the funds needed 1228 throne at Wawel. The sovereign Duchy of Mazovia will er, after the passing of his cousin Władysław I, to fight for the crown, he mortgages later emerge from one of the provinces into which Po- who reigned in Western Mazovia and also left behind part of Mazovia to the Teutonic Or- Mazovia sees the arrival of the first members of the land was divided. young heirs, the Duchy of Mazovia had no adult heir der. Eastern Mazovia, ruled by Duke Teutonic Order. In the first year, there were only two. to the throne. Janusz, plays an important part in pre- In light of the difficult situation along the northern paring for the Battle of Grunwald. border and having practically lost the Chełmno Land 1247 to Prussia, Konrad of Mazovia is forced to enter into 1462 an agreement with Hermann von After the death of Konrad of Mazovia, Mazovia is di- 1524-1526 Salza, the Grand Master of the vided between his two sons, Bolesław I and Siemowit The Płock branch of the Dukes of Mazovia, who ruled the Teutonic Order. In return for I. A year later, after the death of Bolesław, all of the western part of Mazovia, dies out. Within a matter of sev- A short, two-year time frame sees the death of solving the Prussian crisis, land is taken over by Siemowit I, who rules until 1262, eral months, Mazovia witnesses the heirless passing of Stanisław (1524) and Janusz III (1526), who were the the Teutonic Knights re- when he is killed during a Lithuanian and Ruthenian the young sons of Władysław I, 16-year-old Siemowit VI last two Dukes of Mazovia ruling the eastern part of ceive the Chełmno Land attack, most likely by his brother-in-law.
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