District Disaster Management Plan (2015-2016) for South Tripura District Has Been Prepared
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Map of South Tripura District Introduction 2 WELCOME TO SOUTH TRIPURA DISTRICT The South Tripura District with its Head Quarter at Belonia was created with the objective of ensuring better delivery of public services to a population of 4,53,079, a major chunk of whom live in rural areas. The district has 3 Sub-Divisions, 8 RD Blocks, 3 Nagar Pachayats, 90 GPs and 70 ADC Villages. The total geographical area of the District is 1514.322 Sq. Km. Although the district is situated in the southernmost tip of the State, it has the advantage of being connected with the State Capital through National Highway 44. The project for extension of railway line up to Sabroom Town via Belonia would further improve the transportation and communication link with the rest of the State. While Trishna Wildlife Sanctuary under Rajnagar Block and Pilak under Jolaibari have the potential to become major tourist attractions, Belonia and Sabroom Towns have the potential to become major export-import hub. District Disaster Management plan (2015-2016) for south Tripura District has been prepared. The plan has been developed based on the input provided by the officials of various departments of the South Tripura DistArict for effective Disaster Management. What is a Disaster? ‘‘A Disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that causes serious disruption of the functioning of a community or a society involving widespread human material economic or environmental losses and impact which exceeds the ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own resources.” ---- UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction, (UNISDR) A Disaster is a “Situation or event, which overwhelms local capacity, necessitating a request to national or international level for external assistance; an unforeseen and often sudden event that causes great damage, destruction and human suffering’’. ----Center for Research of Epidemiotology of Disaster (CRED), Belgium What is a Hazard? Hazard is a natural physical event which has a potential to convert in to a disaster, causing widespread injury or deaths and damage to public or private property or the environment. What is Vulnerability? 3 Vulnerability means inability to resist a hazard or respond when a disaster has occurred. It depends on several factors such as people’s age and state of health, local environmental and sanitary conditions, as well as on the quality and state of local with respect to any hazards. ----UNISDR Disaster Preparedness:- Pre-disaster activities that are undertaken within the context of disaster risk management and are based on sound risk analysis. This includes the development/enhancement of an overall preparedness strategy, policy, institutional structure, warning and forecasting capabilities, and plans that define measures geared up for helping at-risk communities safeguard their lives and assets by being alert to hazards and taking appropriate action in the face of an imminent threat or an actual disaster. -----Office of commissioner for Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR):- DDR attempts to look back at the root causes of risks and vulnerabilities in a society, state, town or even a single household. Factors can be broad or specific, depending on the scope of risk and vulnerability assessment. Natural hazard:- Natural process or phenomenon that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic disruption, or environment damage. The Natural disasters were split into 3 specific groups:- 1. Hydro-meteorological disasters: Floods and wave surges, storm, droughts and related disasters (extreme temperatures and forest / scrub fires), and landslides & avalanches’ 2. Geographysical disasters: Earthquakes and tsunamis and volcanic eruptions; 3. Biological disasters: Epidemics and insect infestations Manmade Disasters:- Disasters due to human activities could be unintentional, but lack of safety measures and abiding by certain safety rules and regulations. Most of these (barring coordinated terrorist activities) are due to certain accidents. Terrorism, Bomb blast, wars, Riots, technology related, Accidents (Road, Ship, Air), Chemical and Nuclear Industrial accidents, etc. 4 National Disaster Management (NDMA) Act, 2005:- The National Emergency Management Authority was constituted in Aug, 1999, which submitted a report in 2001, to have separate department for Disaster Management in India. Government enacted the National Disaster Management Act on 23rd December 2005, which leads to the creation of National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) Tripura Disaster Management Authority (TDMA) As per the suggestion of MHA, Gol, SDMA has been constituted with vide notification No F.2(3)/COM/REV/2014 on dated 14 December, 2004 and reframed with the notification No F.12(5)-REV/DMR/2008 on 30th October,2008 as per the provision under Section 14(1) of The Disaster Management Act, 2005 as per the following member:- 1) Chief Minister, Tripura(Chairperson) 2) Minister, Revenue & PWD (Vice Chairperson) 3) Minister, Tribal Welfare (Member) 4) Minister, Health (Member) 5) Minister, Power (Member) 6) Chief Executive Member, TTAADC 7) Chairman, AMC (Member) 8) Chief Secretary( Chief Executive Officer) State Executive Committee (SEC) As per the Provision under section14(1) of the Disaster Management Act,2005 the State Executive Committee has been formed with vide notification No F.23(1)-Rev/2002(P) with the following person:- 1. Chief Secretary, Tripura Chairperson 2. Secretary, Revenue Member 3. Secretary, PWD Member 4. Secretary, Health Member 5. Secretary, Finance Member Co-opted Member 6. Secretary, Planning & Coordination Member 7. Secretary, Social Welfare And Social Education Member 8. Director General of Police Member 9. Principal Chief Conservator of Forest Member 10.Director, Fire Service Member 11.State Level Officer of NCC Member 5 12.State Level Officer of NSS Member 13.State level Officer or civil Defence Member 14.Joint Secretary, Revenue Member Importance of Multi-hazard Management Plan:- It is apparent that this district is prone to natural disasters such as flood, cyclones, landslide etc. Also, it cannot ignore the man-made disasters. So the district plan is designed as per the present need and the major strategies to respond to any unexpected situation have also been considered. In the multi-hazard district plan, all the disasters will be handled properly following the use of resource inventory, Standard Operating Procedures (SOP), keeping coordination with the line agencies and proper community based awareness activities. SOP of line departments is designed to make them alert. It highlights their role and responsibilities during, after and at normal time of the disaster. The main features of multi-hazard plan are:- 1. It gives importance to all the disasters equally and helps to mitigate the situation beforehand. 2. All the departments are assigned with their proper role and responsibilities, which are clearly indicated in the SOPs. 3. The District Administration has to be alert round the year as disasters may occur any time, anywhere in the district, irrespective of time and location. 6 Disaster Management Cycle:- In multi-hazard response plan, the disaster management cycle has a significant role to play. The four stage of disaster cycle have their own importance in terms of their implementation during, after and before the occurrence of any disaster. Preparedness Emergency Planning Response Training Disaster Immediate relief C Capacity building Search and Rescue R Event First Aid R I I S S K I S M D I M A Prevention N S A A Recovery A Restoration N G S Rehabilitation A E T Reconstruction G M E E R M E Mitigation N E Vulnerability and risk C T assessment Structural N Non structural Y T C L Development E Pre Disaster activities: 1. Policy Development and National, State, District, Local Level Disaster Organization formation. 2. Vulnerability and capacity assessment. 3. Prevention and mitigation. 4. Preparedness, planning and training. Emergency Activities:- 1. Warning (beginning before the actual event). 2. Evacuation, search and rescue. 7 3. Emergency assistance (relief) – food, water, shelter, medical aid etc. Post Disaster activities:- 1. Repair and restoration of life lines (power, telecommunications, water transportation). 2. Reconstruction and rehabilitation. Mitigation methods:- i) Structural measures: Any physical construction to reduce or avoid possible impact of hazards, which include engineering measures and construction of hazard-resistant and protective structures and infra structure.---NDMA(2005) ii) Non structural measures: Non engineering measures to reduce or avoid possible impacts of hazards such as education, training and emergency planning, capacity development, general public awareness, early warning system, hazard which include engineering measures and construction of hazard-resistant and protective structures and infrastructure. ---NDMA (2005) VITAL INFORMATION ON DISASTER MANAGEMENT Nodal Departments/Agencies responsible for providing early warnings and immediate information on Hazards Sl No Type of Hazards Primary Agency & Contact person 1 Earthquakes IMD-Delhi Hq (011-24619943/24624588-Duty Officer IMD-Seismological Observatory Centre,Shillong (0364-2560106/2560075-Duty Officer) IMD-Agartala (0381-2342295/2342253-Duty Officer) 2 Floods CWC (0361-3674186-Guwahati Control Room) IMD-Agartal (0381-2342295/2342253-Duty Officer) PWD(WR) 8 (9436453655/0381-2355664-Asst. Enggr to Chief