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Nassarius Vibex (Gastropoda, Nassariidae): Crescimento E Reprodução Em Bancos De Mitilídeos De Substrato Areno-Lamoso Na Costa Sudeste Do Brasil

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Nassarius Vibex (Gastropoda, Nassariidae): Crescimento E Reprodução Em Bancos De Mitilídeos De Substrato Areno-Lamoso Na Costa Sudeste Do Brasil Leonardo Querobim Yokoyama Nassarius vibex (Gastropoda, Nassariidae): crescimento e reprodução em bancos de mitilídeos de substrato areno-lamoso na costa Sudeste do Brasil São Paulo 2010 Leonardo Querobim Yokoyama Nassarius vibex (Gastropoda, Nassariidae): crescimento e reprodução em bancos de mitilídeos de substrato areno- lamoso na costa Sudeste do Brasil Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo, para a obtenção de Título de Doutor em Ciências, na Área de Zoologia. Orientadora: Profa. Dra. Antonia Cecília. Z. Amaral Capa: foto de Nassarius vibex e do banco de mitilídeos da Praia da Cidade (Caraguatatuba, SP) Ficha Catalográfica Yokoyama, Leonardo Q. Nassarius vibex (Gastropoda, Nassariidae): crescimento e reprodução em bancos de mitilídeos de substrato areno- lamoso na costa Sudeste do Brasil 123p. Tese (Doutorado) - Instituto de Biociências da Universidade de São Paulo. Departamento de Zoologia. 1. Nassarius vibex 2. Crescimento 3. Reprodução. I. Universidade de São Paulo. Instituto de Biociências. Departamento de Zoologia. Comissão Julgadora : Prof(a). Dr(a). Prof(a). Dr(a). Prof(a). Dr(a). Prof(a). Dr(a). Profa. Dra. Antonia Cecília Z. Amaral Orientadora A meus pais e Mê Agradecimentos À Cecília, pela orientação, grande amizade, conselhos, “puxões de orelha” e muitas alegrias ao longo desses quase quatro anos. Ao Prof. Pedro Gnaspini Neto pelo auxílio com as formalidades de orientação durante minha matrícula. Ao Prof. Luiz Simone pelos auxílios com a espécie durante o desenvolvimento do trabalho. Aos Profs Paulo Inácio e Stelios Katsanevakis pela grande ajuda com as análises de máxima verossimilhança e dos modelos alométricos. À CAPES pela bolsa concedida. Ao Curso de Pós-graduação do IB-USP por proporcionar acesso a ótimas disciplinas. Aos secretários Érika e Helder, sempre solucionando as minhas dúvidas mais confusas. À PROAP/USP, CNPQ, FAEPEX/UNICAMP e FAPESP pelos recursos financeiros. Ao CEBIMar-USP pelo apoio logístico durante as coletas. Aos técnicos Zéilto, Joseph, Edu e Elso. Ao Laboratório de Macrobentos Marinhos do Departamento de Biologia Animal do IB/UNICAMP pela infraestrutura para realização deste trabalho. Ao laboratório de Citoquímica e Imunocitoquímica do Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia da UNICAMP pela infraestrutura no início do desenvolvimento das análises histológicas. Ao Juvani por sempre me atender mesmo para conseguir um simples reagente. À meu “irmão” Gustavo, não só pelos conselhos estatíscos, mas também pela grande amizade de quase 10 anos! À meus grandes amigos André e Piricas. As quartas-feiras eram sempre um dos melhores dias da semana..... Ao grande Jolnnye, amigo como poucos.....risadas não faltaram durante esses quatro anos. À minhas amigas Mônica (vou sentir falta do café) e Michela. Os dinossauros que sobraram em Campinas! Apesar de não nos vermos tanto como antes, é sempre muito bom conversar com vocês. Pri (Bochecha), Aninha, Thais e Humbs, as reuniões demoram pra acontecer, mas sempre são fantásticas! À toda turma do lab: Tati, Silvana, Camila, Rachel, Carol, Thalita, Marcela, Guilherme, Ana, Natália, Fernanda, Micael e Giulia. Até mesmo aqueles que tomaram outros rumos (Gi, Vitor e Pri). Ao amigo Flávio pelas conversas animadas e os “pits-stops” no final da tarde. Aos amigos de Sampa: André, Sérgio, Bruno, Márcio e Fukuda. Ao Joaquim (Kim) pelas bem-humoradas viagens até São Sebastião. A meus pais, Carmen e Mauro, por sempre acreditarem em mim. A minha irmã Maysa, ao Felipe e à Juju, pois iluminaram ainda mais a nossa família. À Milce, Nivaldo, Mô e Arnaldo pelo grande carinho que sempre tiveram comigo! À Mê. Qual seria a graça de tudo sem você ao meu lado... Obrigado pela compreensão nos momentos difíceis e apoio incondicional. Conteúdo Introdução Geral ........................................................................................................................... 1 Capítulo 1 . – Caracterização estrutural dos bancos de Mytella charruana : Camaroeiro e Cidade............................................................................................................................................ 10 Resumo.................................................................................................................................... 10 Abstract ................................................................................................................................... 11 Introdução................................................................................................................................ 12 Metodologia ............................................................................................................................ 13 Área de estudo ................................................................................................................ 13 Amostragem e procedimentos de laboratório ................................................................ 15 Análise dos dados ........................................................................................................... 16 Resultados ............................................................................................................................... 17 Caracterização ambiental .............................................................................................. 17 Caracterização da fauna associada ............................................................................... 20 Discussão................................................................................................................................. 24 Considerações finais................................................................................................................ 27 Referências bibliográficas....................................................................................................... 27 Capítulo 2 . – Estágios de desenvolvimento das cápsulas ovígeras.............................................. 30 Resumo.................................................................................................................................... 30 Abstract ................................................................................................................................... 31 Introdução................................................................................................................................ 32 Metodologia ............................................................................................................................ 33 Amostragem e procedimentos de laboratório ................................................................ 33 Análise dos dados ........................................................................................................... 34 Resultados ............................................................................................................................... 34 Discussão................................................................................................................................. 37 Considerações finais................................................................................................................ 41 Referências bibliográficas....................................................................................................... 41 Capítulo 3 . – Biologia populacional............................................................................................. 44 Resumo.................................................................................................................................... 44 Abstract ................................................................................................................................... 45 Introdução................................................................................................................................ 46 Metodologia ............................................................................................................................ 48 Amostragem e procedimentos de laboratório ................................................................ 48 Análise dos dados ........................................................................................................... 50 Resultados ............................................................................................................................... 52 Densidade ....................................................................................................................... 52 Estrutura populacional , crescimento e recrutamento .................................................... 54 Mortalidade e produção secundária .............................................................................. 59 Discussão................................................................................................................................. 59 Densidade ....................................................................................................................... 59 Estrutura populacional , crescimento e recrutamento .................................................... 63 Mortalidade e produção secundária .............................................................................. 68 Considerações finais................................................................................................................ 71 Referências bibliográficas....................................................................................................... 72 Capítulo 4 . –
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