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View Entire Book ODISHA REVIEW VOL. LXVIII NO. 11 JUNE - 2012 PRADEEP KUMAR JENA, I.A.S. Commissioner-cum- Secretary BAISHNAB PRASAD MOHANTY Director-cum-Joint Secretary LENIN MOHANTY Editor Editorial Assistance Bibhu Chandra Mishra Bikram Maharana Production Assistance Debasis Pattnaik Sadhana Mishra Manas R. Nayak Cover Design & Illustration Hemanta Kumar Sahoo D.T.P. & Design Raju Singh Manas Ranjan Mohanty Photo The Odisha Review aims at disseminating knowledge and information concerning Odisha’s socio-economic development, art and culture. Views, records, statistics and information published in the Odisha Review are not necessarily those of the Government of Odisha. Published by Information & Public Relations Department, Government of Odisha, Bhubaneswar - 751001 and Printed at Odisha Government Press, Cuttack - 753010. For subscription and trade inquiry, please contact : Manager, Publications, Information & Public Relations Department, Loksampark Bhawan, Bhubaneswar - 751001. Five Rupees / Copy E-mail : [email protected] [email protected] Visit : http://orissa.gov.in Contact : 9937057528(M) CONTENTS Good Governance ... 1 The Greatness of Purusottam Kshetra Bhagaban Mahapatra ... 9 Beshas of Shree Jagannath Mahaprabhu Bhaskar Mishra ... 11 Shree Jagannath Culture in Yogic Ethics Dr. Ramakanta Kar ... 22 Jagannath Cult in North - East India Prof. Byomakesh Tripathy ... 24 Dr. Prabhas Kumar Singh A Reassessment of the Origin of the Jagannath Cult of Puri Manorama Tripathy ... 28 The Legitimacy of the Maharaja of Puri Relating to Feudatories and the Car Festival Abhimanyu Dash ... 37 The Cult of Jagannath Rabindra Kumar Behuria ... 41 Shree Jagannath Temple (Conservation & Protection) Lalmohan Patnaik ... 45 Manifestation of God : Darubrahma Jagannath Parikhit Mishra ... 49 The Concept of Patitapabana in Jagannath Culture Prabhat Kumar Nanda ... 52 Tree Worship Tradition in India and Origin of Jagannath Cult Dr. Janmejay Choudhury ... 55 Odia Society and Sri Chaitanya Prabodha Kumar Rath ... 58 The Merciful Golden Incarnation Janaki Ballav Pattanayak ... 61 The Divine Game Prof. Rajat Kumar Kar ... 63 Puri and the Poet Tagore Gurukalyan Mahapatra ... 64 Jagannath on Human Chariot Sudarshan Sahoo ... 69 Angada Singh and Sri Jagannath Durga Madhab Dash ... 72 Madhava, Nilamadhava and Shree Jagannath Dr. Saroj Kumar Panda ... 77 French Captain Albaque Beatow and the Lord Jagannath Nirbachita Suar ... 80 ‘Mote sehi rupa dekha-a Hari’: Divine Longings of Salabega and Arjuna Dr. Bibhudutt Dash ... 82 Lord of Universe Sadasiba Mishra ... 85 A Votive Offering to Lord Jagannath Pramod Chandra Pattanayak ... 86 Most Gigantic Planetary Festival : The Rath Yatra Sugyan Gourab ... 89 Western Thoughts on Odishan Vaishnavism : Minakshi Sethy, A Bird's Eye View Pareswar Sahoo ... 91 Analysis of Shree Jagannath Temple Budget Arjun Sahoo ... 94 Entry of only Hindus Inside the Jagannath Temple at Puri Prof. Himansu S. Patnaik ... 101 Entry of Non-Hindus to the Jagannath Temple, Puri : Dr. Rekharani Khuntia A Study Dr. Brajabandhu Bhatta ... 107 Jagannath Temples of Ganjam Dr. P.C. Mohanty ... 113 Dadhivamana Temple at Kuanrpur Dr. Ratnakar Mohapatra ... 119 The Reference of Devadasi in the Inscription Bharati Pal ... 124 Administrative Circle of Kings as observed in Panchatantra and its Implication in the Present Day Dr. Sarat Ch. Parida ... 126 The Lonely Boatman Dr. Balaram Das ... 131 Rama Setu a Bridge Built by Lord Rama Om Prakash ... 132 Oh ! Lord of Mysterious Cosmos Lokanath Suar ... 136 God Bless Us M. Kisore ... 137 Oh Lord Jagannath ! Prasanna Mohanty ... 137 Two Poems for Lord Shyam Prakash Senapati ... 138 Prayer of a Scorpion Bhagaban Jayasingh ... 138 Deeds and Their Outcome Krushna Chandra Pattanaik ... 139 Miracle of Devotion ! Er. Raghunath Patra ... 140 JAGANNATHAH SVAMI NAYANAPATHAGAMI BHAVATU ME THE PARTS OF A CHARIOT 32 34 33 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 23 24 22 21 19 18 20 16 11 15 14 13 10 9 17 8 12 5 7 4 6 2 3 1 (1) Chaka or the wheels (2) Dandia (3) Ara (4) Banki (5) Hansa Pata (6) Kani (7) Sankha-dwara (8) Jali (9) Gaipata (10) Singhasana (11) Kanak Mundai (12) Bhumi (13) Sola Nahaka (14) Makara Danda (15) Basanta (16) Duar Ghoda (17) Sarathi Pida (18) Kumbha Pati (19) Rahu Pati (20) Athanahaka (21) Banki (22) Pida (23) Rusi Pata (24) Danda (25) Para Bhadi (26) Khapuri (27) Pada (28) Olata Sua (29) Dadhi Nauti (30) Kalasa (31) Kasthi (32) Danda (33) Chakra (34) Copi Ketana or the flag. SANKHA KSHETRA 1. Balabhadra,Jagannatha, 29. Vaikuntheswara 58. Prahari Hanuman 87. Vilweswara Subhadra & Sudarsan 30. Yagnyaswari 59. Dakhinadwar (S.gate) 88. Siddha Hanuman 2. Khetreswari Vimala 31. Isaneswar 60. Durgamadhava 89. Indradyumna Teertha 3 Mahalaxmi 32. Sitaia Devi 61. Mangaleswari 90. Nilakantheswara 4. Uttar Durga 33. Pakasala 62. Paschimadwar(W.gate) 91. Adinrusingha 5. Bata Mangala 34. Dakhineswara 63. Uttardwar (N.gate) 92. Gundicha Mandapa 6. Garuda Stamva 35. Kundaleswara 64. Sri Lokanath 93. Mausima 7. Bhoga Mandap 36. Ram Chaitanya Temple 65. Rameswara 94. Marchika Devi 8. Kalpabrukhya 37. Baravai Hanuman 66. Kandunursingha 95. Charchika Devi 9. Rohini Kunda 38. Nirmalya Hanuman 67. Kandu Asrama 96. Sodasha Putri 10. Bata Ganesh 39. Alaka Batika 68. Nikumvilabata 97. Narayani 11. Uchsta Ganapati 40. Chakra Narayan 69. Harachandi 98. Angirasrama 12. Sri Saraswati Devi 41. Rameswar 70. Chamundeswari 99. Angirabata 13. Nabagraha 42. Chaturdhama 71. Banadurga 100. Dakhina Kali 14. Konark Suryadev 43. Kanapata Hanuman 72. Basheli 101. Ugreswarashrama 15. Padapadma 44. Niladri Vihari 73. Kapalmochana 102. Swetaganga 16. Yagnyabata 45. Bavabyeswara 74. Manikarnika Teertha 103. Muktisila 17. Angeswar 46. Sialilata 75. Ghatamangala 104. Adisankara Pitha 18. Indranidevi 47. Koili Vaikuntha 76. Vagabati 105. Swargadwara 19. Khetrapala 48. Tapaswi Hanuman 77. Markandeswara 106. Varahi Devi 20. Swana Vairabi 49. Survarnakupa 78. Markandeya Teertha 107. Shyama Kali 21. Mukteswari 50. Ananda Bazar 79. Saptamatruka 108. Bedi Hanuman 22. Chstrakali 51. Devasnana Mandapa 80. Alamba Devi 109. Chakra Teertha 23. Batamarkandeya 52. Meghanada Prachira 81. Atharnala 110. Chakra Narayan 24. Katyayani 53. Singhadwara (E.gate) 82. Makardhwaj Hanuman 111. Mahodadhi Tirtha 25. Gopeewara 54. Aruna Sthamva 83. Vargavi River 112. Jagannatha Ballava 26. Beda Kali 55. Badachhata Math 84. Mukteswara 113. Kashi Biswanatha 27. Pataleswara 56. Chhauni Math 85. Bata Mangala 114. Visweswari 28. Bhubaneswari 57. Pejanala 86. Kapoteswara 115. Narendra Sarovar Editor’s Note atha Yatra is a very important aspect of our custom and belief. This grand festival symbolizes Rthe confluence of all religions and exhibits the magnanimity and universalism of Lord Jagannath. The Cult of Lord Jagannath constitutes an important facet of study of Odisha. The culture of Odisha, which has been described as Land of Lord Jagannath in considerable form has been brilliantly embodied in the cult of Jagannath. Jagannath Culture has immense contribution to the society at large. Although many have tried to confine Lord Jagannath to Sanatan Dharm only still the people of Odisha have kept our individuality and identity basing on the Cult of Lord Jagannath. The Jagannath Culture, therefore, assimilates the essence of all religions and that is why it is magnanimous. On the basis of the Cult, Jayadev created Geeta Govinda which has brought about tremendous change. It can therefore be concluded that the Odishan society is a reflection of Jagannath Chetana. In Buddhist literature, there is a reference to Lord Jagannath in 8th century A.D. Around 9th to 10th century, the abode of Jagannath, Puri is described as Purusottam Kshetra. The literary record claims that Purusottam was the deity worshipped on the seashore of Puri during that time. In 13th century A.D. the name of the deity became well-known as Jagannath who was worshipped along with His elder brother Balabhadra, sister Subhadra and Sudarshan. Madala Panji enumerates that Yajati Keshari was behind the development of Purusottam Kshetra. But in all Puranic works, Indradyumna has been described as the builder of the temple. As a matter of fact, the effort of royal political power in the development of Purusottam Kshetra has been presented symbolically by the account of Indradyumna. The erudite scholars have accepted the Hinduization of tribal deity and after a long process of tribal “Khamba” worship, the image of Jagannath has evolved. The presentation of the source might be different but one thing is crystal clear that Jagannath Cult is a confluence of all religions and exhibits magnanimity and universalism. The socio-cultural significance of Rath Yatra is vast and extensive. The festival is an institution by itself. Its genesis, growth, spread and magnificence are but the reflections of spiritual, metaphysical, universal Catholicism of our socio-cultural heritage. The various names of the Car Festival like Ghosh Yatra, Patitapaban Yatra, Adap Yatra, Shree Gundicha Yatra are the multiple ways of index of its multifarious significance. On the eve of Rath Yatra, Hon’ble Chief Minister of our State completed a successful visit to United Kingdom. However, a group of conspirators tried to conspire against the people of the State by organizing an unsuccessful coup. As the Chief Minister is a man of the masses working day and night for the benefit of Odisha and Odias by the blessings of Lord Jagannath, the political treachery of the worst kind against a popular Government was subverted. It has been rightly said- “Man proposes But God disposes”. As the
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