KRITI K A KULTURA POPULAR AS POLITICAL CULTURE: THE FATHERLAND, NATIONALIST FILMS, AND MODERNITY IN SOUTH KOREA, TAIWAN, AND THE PHILIppINES Rolando B. Tolentino Department of Film and Audio-Visual Communication University of the Philippines, Diliman
[email protected] Abstract The experience of modernity results from the emergent social relations formed in liberalized market economies, which also posit as sites of newer forms of pain and suffering as especially experienced by those in the margins. As national economies undergo liberalization to survive in globalization, so are their political structures reshaped to become conducive to transnational capital. The essay discusses the relationship of the state and civil society in a postcolonial national setting, looking into their operations and parameters in the South Korean film A Single Spark. The analysis of the effects of the state and civil society in issues of citizenship and urban being is discussed in the Taiwanese film Super Citizen Ko. The transformation of the national into the transnational state and civil society is discussed in the Philippine film Eskapo. Keywords A Single Spark, Asian films, Eskapo, Super Citizen Ko About the Author Rolando B. Tolentino is Visiting Professor of the Southeast Asian Studies Program, Osaka University of Foreign Studies, Japan. He is author of National/Transnational: Subject Formation and Media in and on the Philippines and co-edited Geopolitics of the Visible: Essays on Philippine Film Cultures. He is Associate Professor of the Department of Film and Audiovisual Communication, College of Mass Communication, University of the Philippines. Author’s Note I am grateful to Jonathan Chua, Esther Yau, and the editors of Kritika Kultura for the suggestions on improving the essay.