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The Healing Landscapes of Central and Southeastern Siberia

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The Healing Landscapes of Central and Southeastern Siberia The Healing Landscapes of Central and Southeastern Siberia David G. Anderson, Editor Patterns of Northern Traditional Healing Series Volume 1 Series Editor: Earle Waugh CCI Press 2011 i Z-HLCSS BOOK 1.indb i 29/02/2012 1:12:31 PM Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication The healing landscapes of central and southeastern Siberia / David G. Anderson, editor. (Patterns of Northern traditional healing series ; v. 1) (Occasional publications series, 0068-0303 ; 71) Papers originally presented during the Idioms of Indigenous Health and Healing Conference at the University of Tromsø, Norway, June 2010. Co-published by: Centre for the Cross-Cultural Study of Health and Healing, Dept. of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-896445-58-8 1. Traditional medicine--Russia (Federation)--Siberia. 2. Alternative medicine-- Russia (Federation)--Siberia. 3. Integrative medicine--Russia (Federation)--Siberia. I. Anderson, David G. (David George), 1965- II. University of Alberta. Centre for the Cross-Cultural Study of Health and Healing III. Title. IV. Series: Occasional publication series (Canadian Circumpolar Institute) ; 71 V. Series: Patterns of Northern traditional healing series ; v. 1 GN477.H42 2012 306.4’610957 C2012-901304-8 All rights reserved. © 2011 CCI Press in cooperation with the Centre for the Cross-Cultural Study of Health and Healing, Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta ISBN 978-1-896445-58-8 ISSN 1927-9671 Patterns of Northern Traditional Healing, Volume One Series Editor: Earle Waugh, University of Alberta [email protected] ISSN 0068-0303 Occasional Publication No. 71 Printed in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada by art design printing, inc. Cover design by CCI Press and art design printing, inc, Cover photo: Nikolai Aruneev and Nastya. Photo credit Donatas Brandišauskas. Used with permission of the photographer and the subjects of the photograph. ii ZZ-HLCSS-HLCSS BBOOKOOK 1.indb1.indb iiii 229/02/20129/02/2012 11:12:47:12:47 PPMM Table of Contents Preface to the Series ..................................................................................... v Earle Waugh Acknowledgements ......................................................................................... vi Introduction: Local Healing Landscapes ....................................................... 1 David G. Anderson Chapter One: Symptoms as Signs in Buriat Shamanic Callings ..................... 13 Justine Buck Quijada Chapter Two: Medical Pluralism and Expert Knowledge in Buriatiia ........... 29 Katherine Metzo Chapter Three: The Development of Tibetan Medicine in Buriatiia ............... 45 Vindarya N. Gololobova (translated by Ol'ga Pak) Chapter Four: Healing Springs in the Lake Baikal Region ............................ 63 Janice Brummond Chapter Five: The Paradox of Alcohol in Western Buriat Communities: Vodka and Ritualized Commensality in Ekhirit-Bulagat Raion ...................... 87 Joseph J. Long Chapter Six: Idioms of Health and Healing in Central Siberia .................... 95 David G. Anderson Chapter Seven: Spirits, Taiga Medicine, and the Practical Engagement of the Landscape among Orochen-Evenkis .................................................... 111 Donatas Brandišauskas Chapter Eight: Public Health and Folk Medicine Among North Baikal Evenkis ................................................................................................ 129 Vladimir N. Davydov Chapter Nine: The Categories of Ket Spiritual Healing................................. 147 Edward Vajda References ...................................................................................................... 159 Glossary ......................................................................................................... 171 Notes on Contributors ............................................................................... 177 Index ............................................................................................................... 179 iii ZZ-HLCSS-HLCSS BBOOKOOK 1.indb1.indb iiiiii 229/02/20129/02/2012 11:12:47:12:47 PPMM iv ZZ-HLCSS-HLCSS BBOOKOOK 1.indb1.indb iviv 229/02/20129/02/2012 11:12:47:12:47 PPMM Preface Earle Waugh, Series Editor This volume has had considerable gestation. Indeed, the series itself, of which this is the fi rst, began as an initiative of my University of Saskatchewan colleague Andrei Vinogra- dov and I during the late-1980s to examine contemporary folk healing and shamanism in Siberia. We were partially responding to the claim made by Eliade and others that Siberian shamanism was the locus of all ancient forms of healing and the central motif of the genre. Our reasoning was that, were this claim correct, we should still see impressive artefacts today. Andrei sought out many folk healers, all of them Russian-speaking, and requested short descriptions of their activities. Unfortunately folk healers are not usually writers, so it became obvious that much more local academic study would be needed to authenticate any shamanic activity. The project languished as we moved on to other interests. It has been revived under the husbandry of the Centre for the Cross-Cultural Study of Health and Healing (CCCSHH) in the Department of Family Medicine at the University of Alberta. After discussion with David Anderson from the University of Tromsø, Norway, we decided to re-confi gure it and give it its current design. This, then, is volume one of a planned fi ve-book series. The series is designed to sur- vey important local and regional healing traditions within roughly conceived geographic areas: Siberia, Central-Northern Asia, Scandinavia and the Sami People, North Western Canada and Alaska and North Eastern Canada and Iceland. A central focus of the series is on the ‘therapeutic landscape’ and its ramifi cations for understanding medical alternatives. We have joined forces with our colleagues in the Canadian Circumpolar Institute at the University of Alberta to develop and bring to fruition this project over the next decade. This fi rst collection of essays arose out of a conference held at the University of Tromsø June 3-5, 2010 entitled ‘Idioms of Indigenous Health and Healing.’ It was jointly sponsored by the Department of Archaeology and Social Anthropology of the University of Tromsø and CCCSHH of the University of Alberta. Papers delivered there formed the backbone of this collection along with other solicited contributions. Our hope is to address a long-standing need for a closer look at the way health care is mediated in northern regions, most of them rural and relatively diffi cult places of access. This volume focuses on how the peoples of Siberia construct and foster health processes when they lack the resources and the skills located in major cities. When one examines the actual practices in these environments, one comes to the conclusions that both the notion of health and the means of maintaining and fostering it are very diverse; that there are several different pathways that people utilize to address health issues. Some of these pathways are very old, and some refl ect hybridization and modifi cation. Our concern is to encourage a new generation of scholarship to address the actual and concrete structures by which healthcare is known and conceived in the north. This is the maiden volume of the series. Many people have contributed to the successful publication of this fi rst volume. First, our scholars and their commitment to research in areas little canvassed until now. Second, our respective universities and institutions that have not only supported the research that made the articles possible, but have undertaken to assist us in countless ways in promoting this project and providing funding to launch this book. Third, our colleagues at CCI, Marianne Douglas and Elaine Maloney have been excellent co-workers for this project. Fourth, both the University of Tromsø and the University of Alberta have willingly assisted in making this a success. v ZZ-HLCSS-HLCSS BBOOKOOK 1.indb1.indb v 229/02/20129/02/2012 11:12:47:12:47 PPMM Acknowledgements This collection came about as the result of a number of meetings over the past ten years. Without the encouragement of Earle Waugh at the Centre for Cross-Cultural Health and Healing, much of the material here would have remained in our notebooks and would not have been collected here. We would all like to thank the University of Tromsø for provid- ing an International Symposium grant allowing many of us to meet together to assemble the manuscripts. We are especially grateful to Marit Myrvoll for organizing a panel on Sami traditional healing which led to a fruitful discussion as to what was unique in Sibe- rian healing paradigms, and to Roald Kristiansen for hosting us on a tour of Sami healing landscape in the Tromsø region. Several of the chapters (Anderson, Brandišaukas, Davy- dov, Long) here benefi ted from fi eldwork funding in part provided from the School of Social Sciences, University of Aberdeen and from the Social Sciences Research Council of Canada through its grant MCRI 412-2005-1005. A number of people helped bring this manuscript to completion. Olga Pak provided an excellent translation of Vindarya Gololo- bova’s article from Russian. Mary Moffet, at the University of Aberdeen, copy edited the text, helping to standardize terms and improve the fl ow of the text. Finally we are thankful to Elaine Maloney and the Canadian
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