Lick Granuloma

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Print this Veterinary Partner Article http://www.veterinarypartner.com/Content.plx?P=PRINT&A=1541 Lick Granuloma Authored by: Becky Lundgren, DVM VP Client Information Sheets Lick granuloma (acral lick granuloma, acral lick dermatitis) is a common, stubborn skin disease that is directly caused by the dog licking an area of the body, usually the lower leg. Lick granulomas may be mistaken for neoplasms and foreign body granulomas. Causes include: Atopy (atopic dermatitis) Boredom Flea bite sensitivity Food allergy Hypersensitivity Neoplasia Emotional/behavioral problems Staphylococcal furunculosis Wounds Joint pain Both males and females can have lick granulomas, but males have a higher incidence. Any age dog can be affected, but mature or old dogs are more commonly affected. Breeds commonly affected include (but are not limited to): Doberman pinscher. German shepherd, German short haired pointer, Golden retriever, Great Dane, Irish setter, Labrador retriever, and Pointer. Signs include hair discoloration, hair loss, skin sores, hyperplasia (an abnormal increase in the number of normal cells), fibrosis (formation of fibrous skin and tissue similar to gristle), lameness caused by the mass, and growth of the underlying bone. The lesions are usually solitary, but they can occur on more than one limb at the same time. The areas most frequently affected are the front and sides of the lower legs. In rare cases, lick granulomas can occur in the flank or at the base of the tail. Diagnosis During a physical examination, the veterinarian will see a thick dermal plaque that does not have hair and is inflamed on an extremity that the dog is constantly licking. A confirmatory biopsy may be taken by the veterinarian. Treatment Treatments include: 1. Treating the inciting cause 2. Identifying and correcting the psychogenic causes by increasing the amount of human contact, changing kenneling habits, providing other animal companionship, distracting with chew toys, etc. 3. Medical treatment options (including sedatives/tranquilizers, endorphin blockers, corticosteroids, antidepressants, and pentoxifylline). 4. Surgical removal of the lesion 5. Radiation therapy 6. Bandaging 7. Applying bad-tasting substances to the granuloma NOTE: No treatment is uniformly successful. This disease is hard to control or cure. Many different methods may need to be tried when attempting to control this problem. Copyright 2010 - 2016 by the Veterinary Information Network, Inc. All rights reserved. Permanent Link: http://www.VeterinaryPartner.com/Content.plx?P=A&A=1541 1 of 1 2/2/2016 2:50 PM.

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Acral Lick Granuloma
Acral Lick Granuloma Also Known As: Acral lick dermatitis, acral lick furunculosis, lick granuloma Transmission or Cause: The causes of acral lick granulomas include infections caused by bacteria, fungi, or mites; allergies, cancer, joint disease, or previous trauma; or an obsessive-compulsive disorder caused by boredom in some dogs. Dogs are provoked by these conditions to lick an area until they cause hair loss and erosion of the superficial skin layers. The consequence is further inflammation, which then results in more licking. With time, excessive licking can cause secondary infections, thickening of the skin, and changes in skin-color. Affected Animals: Acral lick granulomas may affect dogs of any breed and gender, however, males and dogs that are five years and older are more often affected. Breeds predisposed to this condition include Great Dane, Doberman Pinscher, Labrador Retriever, Golden Retriever, German Shepherd, and Irish Setter. Overview: A commonly seen skin disorder of dogs, acral lick granulomas are skin wounds that are worsened by a dog's constant licking of the affected area. Because the repeated licking hinders healing of the lesion, dogs must be prevented from licking the area until the wound has healed completely. Acral lick granulomas have a wide variety of possible causes. The disease is often bothersome to pets as well as their owners. A veterinarian can implement appropriate medical therapies to treat the lick granuloma and to prevent recurrence. Clinical Signs: Lick granulomas are skin wounds typically located on the lower portion of the front or hind leg of a dog. Some dogs may have more than one area affected at a time.
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Lick Granulomas Lick Granulomas ________________________________________ This is a compilation of articles found on the internet: http://www.marvistavet.com http://www.vetinfo.com/dencyclopedia/deacrlick.html Acral Lick Granulomas Acral lick granulomas are a common problem in dogs. There are a number of treatments that have been advocated for this problem, mostly because none of them is consistently successful in eliminating all cases of lick granuloma. Lick granulomas can occur secondary to allergies -- in this case, treatment for the allergy is often successful. It is a good idea to consider allergy testing in dogs with persistent lick granulomas or recurrent ones. The standard treatments for allergies are itch control medications or hyposensitizing "allergy shots". Skin testing is the most accurate way to diagnose allergies. Veterinary dermatologists frequently do this. Blood testing for allergies is considered to be less accurate but can be substituted when skin testing is hard to arrange. Acral lick granulomas can occur secondary to injuries, underlying bone infection (this is a tricky diagnosis because the persistent licking can lead to periosteal inflammation around the bone making it seem like an infection was the cause), bacterial skin infection, parasites and other physical causes. These lesions are thought to be due to stress or boredom in some dogs and even to be an obsessive/compulsive disorder in others. So the first step in treatment is to do a thorough examination for an underlying cause. If one can be identified, it should be treated. If a bacterial infection is suspected antibiotics must be used for at least 6 to 8 weeks.
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