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1 the Laboratory Dog WLAM May 15, 2020 What Is the Order, Suborder

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What is the order, suborder, genus, The Laboratory Dog and species of the domesticated dog? WLAM A. Carnivora, Caniformia, Canidae, Canis lupus May 15, 2020 B. Carnivora, Arctoidea, Canidae, Canis rufus C. Carnivora, Caniformia, Felidae, Canis latrans D. Carnivora, Caniformia, Canidae, Canis familiaris Presented by Kyha Williams, DVM, DACLAM Assistant Director, Deputy Chief of Clinical Services, DLAR Duke University Medical Center Arctoidea is the superfamily Durham, NC Canis rufus is the red wolf, Canis lupus is the gray wolf, Canis latrans if the coyote What is the most common breed of Which dogs are not bred specifically dog used in research (per the BB)? for use in research? A. Hound A. Purpose bred B. Golden Retriever B. Stray dogs from shelters C. Labrador Retriever C. Random source D. Beagle D. Conditioned dogs Two categories for Purpose bred and Random source: Random include shelters, random that have been vaccinated in preparation for use in research are Conditioned (test for heartworm, vaccinate in preparation for research use) outdated given NIH mandate to use purpose bred dogs Number of dogs in research declining, 211,104 in 1979, 75,429 in 1997, 64,930 in 2010 Dealers that purchase the dogs from other Breeders who raise all animals on their premises individuals and then resell them to from a closed colony (suppliers of purpose bred research facilities are known as? dogs) are? • Class A licensees • Class A licensees • Class B licensees • Class B licensees • Class C licensees • Class C licensees • Class D licensees • Class D licensees Class B‐Defined by USDA (CFR)‐AWA and AWR, Title 9, Chapter 1m Subchapter A, Class A‐Defined by USDA (CFR)‐AWA and AWR, Title 9, Chapter 1m Subpart A sections 1.1 and 2.1 definitions (pg 20) Subchapter A, sections 1.1 and 2.1 definitions (pg 20) Class A‐breeders that raise all animals on their premises from a closed colony Class C‐exhibitor‐business involves showing or displaying animals to No class C or D dealer the public 1 Which of the following is correct regarding space requirements according to the AWA for this dog that The formula measures 20 inches? Measure from the tip of the nose to the base A. 6.76 square feet of the tail B. 676 square inches (Length of the dog in in inches +6) x (length of C. 52 square feet the dog in inches +6) = required floor space in D. 4.69 square inches square inches/144=required floor space in square feet AWA, section 3.6, pg. 61, Bonus: how much space is required for group housed dogs? At least 100 percent of the space for each dog Measure from the tip of the nose to the base of the tail (Length of the dog in in inches +6) x (length of the dog in inches +6) = required floor space in square inches/144=required floor space in square feet Watch units! Housing requirement differs for dogs because it is based on length rather than body weight Fill in the blank… Fill in the blank… • Most commercial dog diets are “closed • An “open formula” or “_____formula” diet formula” diets in which: provides more precise dietary control. – The labeled specific _____________ requirements – In these diets, the ingredients are_________ and for protein and fat and the __________ values for the percentage of each ingredient is kept ash and fiber are met. _________from batch to batch. – These diets do not necessarily provide the _______composition of ingredients from batch to batch and varies depending on the _______of the ingredients Fixed;specified;constant Minimum; maximum Identical;cost Which type of diet provides for the Diets are generally safe for how long following strictest control of the ingredients? the manufacture date when stored at room temperature? • Purified • 30 days • Semi‐purified • 3 months • Irradiated • 6 months • Prescription diets • 9 months Semi‐purified diets are formulated from the purified components:amino acids, lipids, carbs, vitamins, and minerals 2 Recommendations for feeding the appropriate All of the following are fat soluble amount of diet are determined by the dog’s? vitamins except? A. Basal metabolic rate A. Vitamin A B. Basal energy requirement B. Vitamin B12 C. Maintenance energy requirement C. Vitamin D D. Metabolic requirements D. Vitamin E BMR and BER are the same‐refers to the amount of energy expended following sleep, A,D,E, and K 12‐18 hours after food consumption and during thermoneutral conditions Fat provides 3 major dietary functions: vitamins, palatability, MER‐amount of energy used by a moderately active adulst animal in a thermoneutral and essential (unsaturated) fatty acids environment, which in the dog is approx. 2 times the BER MER=2(30 weight in kg +70)‐see BB pg 398 for formula Which of the following best describes Which of the following do dogs require? the estrous cycle of the female? A. Linolenic A. Polyestrous‐ non seasonal B. Arachidonic acid B. Polyestrous‐seasonal C. Linoleic C. Monoestrous‐ seasonal D. Eicosanoids D. Monoestrous‐ nonseasonal Dogs have a unique requirement for polyunstaurated fatty acids and linoleic acid (omega 6) an essential fatty acid Estrus generally in Jan/Feb and July/August Fatty acids (especially omega 3) may alleviate allergy related dermatoses and hot (although this is highly variable) spots Behavior shown in photo‐canine flagging‐ Dogs can’t synthesize 10/22 amino acids in sufficient quantities and must be facilitates penetration included in the diet Day 1,3,5 of standing heat Deficiency may occur in dogs fed dry, low fat diets that are stored too long in dry, humid conditions A vaginal cytology consists of exclusively Which of the following pituitary hormones is noncornified epithelial cells with neutrophils. responsible for spermatogenesis: This is most consistent with: A. Oxytocin A. Proestrus B. FSH B. Estrus C. LH C. Diestrus D. ACTH D. Anestrus Proestrus‐intermediate and superficial cells, RBCs, neutrophils; later superficial cells, anuclear squames and RBCs Estrus‐more than 50% intermediate cells, superficial, with or without RBCs Diestrus‐more than 50% intermedical, super, squames early, non cornified LH‐stimulates testosterone, male puberty 5‐12 Anestrus‐Small numbers of parabasal cells, months intermedicate, with or without neutrophils 3 What type of placentation does the dog have? What is the gestation length of the dog? A. 30‐33 d A. Epitheliochorial, zonary, deciduate B. 59‐63d B. Endotheliochorial, zonary, deciduate C. 150‐155d C. Labyrinthine hemomonochorionic D. 270‐280d D. Epitheliochorial & cotyledonary BB, p. 519 Endothelium of the uerine vessels lies adjacent to the fetal chorion mesenchymal, and endothelial tieeues so that maternal and fetal blood are spearated by 4 layers Placenta villa are arranged in a belt and that maernal deciduate cells are shed with fetal placentas at parturition Which of the following accessory sex glands do What is the length of spermatogenesis in dogs? male dogs have? A. Prostate gland & seminal vesicles A. 15d B. Prostate gland & bulbourethral glands B. 30d C. Ampullary glands & seminal vesicles C. 45d D. Ampullary glands & prostate gland D. 60d Positive correlations with testicular size as measured by scrotal circumference and the number of sperm produced. Good indicator of No seminal vesicles or bulbourethral glands normal fertility of make dogs is 5ml ejaculate/approx 500million Erection is parasympathetic and ejaculation is sympathetic progressively motile sperm without significant abnormal morphology When do puppies eyes open? When do puppies ears open? A. 3d A. 5‐7d B. 6d B. 7‐12d C. 9d C. 12‐20d D. 12d D. 21‐28d 4 Ultrasound and radiography can be used to One of the most sensitive indicators of confirm pregnancy at ____ and ____ days of impending parturition is: gestation respectively. A. A rise in core body temperature A. 28, 42 B. Increased food consumption B. 32, 45 C. A decrease in core body temperature C. 21, 37 D. Marked inactivity D. 15, 22 Name the phenomenon associated with a Pseudopregnancy is the result of: release in oxytocin as the result of the fetal puppy stimulating the cervix of the female. A. A rise in estrogen A. Johnson reflex B. A rise in progesterone B. Williamson reflex C. A decline in estrogen C. Ferguson reflex D. A decline in progesterone D. Mapleton reflex According to the AWA, how often must the exercise exemption be reviewed for this dog? Who should review it? Infectious Diseases A. Quarterly, the IACUC • Canine Infectious • Canine Parvovirus B. Every 30 days, the Attending Veterinarian Respiratory Disease • Rabies (Kennel Cough Complex • C. Every 30 days, the IACUC and Infectious Protozoa Tracheobronchitis) • Nematodes D. Annually, the Attending Veterinarian • Group C Streptococcus • Cestodes Infection • Mites (Demodex, Scabies) • Leptospirosis • Ticks and Fleas • Campylobacteriosis • Superficial • Helicobacteriosis Dermatophytosis (Ringworm) Section 3.8, pg 63 5 What are the two most common clinical isolates A dog that presented with sudden onset of coughing, dyspnea, fever, and hematemesis and has “bull’s eye” lesions on the of Canine infectious respiratory disease? pleural surface noted on necropsy. What is the diagnosis? A. Canine parainfluenza virus (CPIV) A. Klebsiella pneumonia B. Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV‐2) B. Pasteurella multocida C. Canine influenza virus C. Mycoplasma D. Streptococcus equi ssp. Zooepidemicus D. Bordatella brochiseptica (Group C Step) A dog presents with vomiting, diarrhea, pica, and polyphagia and Which of the following non‐enveloped, single‐stranded was diagnosed with Helicobacter spp. Surgical biopsy was obtained. What stain increases the sensitivity for DNA viruses causes acute enteritis, vomiting, histopathologic diagnosis? depression, and lethargy particularly in puppies? A. New methylene blue A. Salmonella B. Giemsa stain B. Canine parvovirus strain‐2 (CPV‐2) C. Warthin‐Starry silver stain C. Alphacoronavirus 1 D. Oil Red O D. Clostridium perfringens On histopathology, a dog that presented with paralysis and According to the Blue book, what is ascending ataxia demonstrated Negri bodies on the hippocampal cells.
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