Facts & Figures 2014
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Curriculum Vitae Markus Fischer Date of Birth 20 June 1962
Curriculum vitae Markus Fischer Date of birth 20 June 1962 Nationality German and Swiss Affiliation Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern Altenbergrain 21, 3013 Bern, Switzerland Phone +41 31 631 4943, Secretary 4911, Fax 4942 E-mail [email protected] Fields of Expertise Drivers and ecosystem-service consequences of biodiversity change Ecology and evolution of rare and invasive species Conservation biology, mountain ecology Work at the science-society and science-policy interfaces Employment Since 2007 Full Professor of Plant Ecology, Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern and (since 2010) Director of the Botanical Garden of the University of Bern Since 2012 Director, Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern Since 2012 Guest researcher, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Institute, Frankfurt, Germany 2008-2011 Head, Biology Department, University of Bern 2007-2012 Guest Professor at the University of Potsdam, Germany 2003-2007 Full Professor of Botany and Community Ecology, Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, and Director of the Botanical Garden, University of Potsdam 1996-2003 Main Assistant, Institute of Environmental Sciences, Univ. of Zurich, Switzerland 1993-1996 Research Associate, Botanical Institute, University of Basel, Switzerland 1990 Research Associate, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, U.S.A. Education 1982-1989 Studies and MSc Diploma in Physics, Technical University Munich, Germany 1990–1992 Studies and BSc in Biology, University of Basel, -
Fischer Carbene Complexes in Organic Synthesis Ke Chen 1/31/2007
Baran Group Meeting Fischer Carbene Complexes in Organic Synthesis Ke Chen 1/31/2007 Ernst Otto Fischer (1918 - ) Other Types of Stabilized Carbenes: German inorganic chemist. Born in Munich Schrock carbene, named after Richard R. Schrock, is nucleophilic on November 10, 1918. Studied at Munich at the carbene carbon atom in an unpaired triplet state. Technical University and spent his career there. Became director of the inorganic Comparision of Fisher Carbene and Schrock carbene: chemistry institute in 1964. In the 1960s, discovered a metal alkylidene and alkylidyne complexes, referred to as Fischer carbenes and Fischer carbynes. Shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Geoffery Wilkinson in 1973, for the pioneering work on the chemistry of organometallic compounds. Schrock carbenes are found with: Representatives: high oxidation states Isolation of first transition-metal carbene complex: CH early transition metals Ti(IV), Ta(V) 2 non pi-acceptor ligands Cp2Ta CH N Me LiMe Me 2 2 non pi-donor substituents CH3 (CO) W CO (CO)5W 5 (CO)5W A.B. Charette J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123, 11829. OMe O E. O. Fischer, A. Maasbol, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 1964, 3, 580. Persistent carbenes, isolated as a crystalline solid by Anthony J. Arduengo in 1991, can exist in the singlet state or the triplet state. Representative Fischer Carbenes: W(CO) Cr(CO) 5 5 Fe(CO)4 Mn(CO)2(MeCp) Co(CO)3SnPh3 Me OMe Ph Ph Ph NEt2 Ph OTiCp2Cl Me OMe Foiled carbenes were defined as "systems where stabilization is Fischer carbenes are found with : obtained by the inception of the facile reaction which is foiled by the impossibility of attaining the final product geometry". -
Robert Burns Woodward
The Life and Achievements of Robert Burns Woodward Long Literature Seminar July 13, 2009 Erika A. Crane “The structure known, but not yet accessible by synthesis, is to the chemist what the unclimbed mountain, the uncharted sea, the untilled field, the unreached planet, are to other men. The achievement of the objective in itself cannot but thrill all chemists, who even before they know the details of the journey can apprehend from their own experience the joys and elations, the disappointments and false hopes, the obstacles overcome, the frustrations subdued, which they experienced who traversed a road to the goal. The unique challenge which chemical synthesis provides for the creative imagination and the skilled hand ensures that it will endure as long as men write books, paint pictures, and fashion things which are beautiful, or practical, or both.” “Art and Science in the Synthesis of Organic Compounds: Retrospect and Prospect,” in Pointers and Pathways in Research (Bombay:CIBA of India, 1963). Robert Burns Woodward • Graduated from MIT with his Ph.D. in chemistry at the age of 20 Woodward taught by example and captivated • A tenured professor at Harvard by the age of 29 the young... “Woodward largely taught principles and values. He showed us by • Published 196 papers before his death at age example and precept that if anything is worth 62 doing, it should be done intelligently, intensely • Received 24 honorary degrees and passionately.” • Received 26 medals & awards including the -Daniel Kemp National Medal of Science in 1964, the Nobel Prize in 1965, and he was one of the first recipients of the Arthur C. -
Los Premios Nobel De Química
Los premios Nobel de Química MATERIAL RECOPILADO POR: DULCE MARÍA DE ANDRÉS CABRERIZO Los premios Nobel de Química El campo de la Química que más premios ha recibido es el de la Quí- mica Orgánica. Frederick Sanger es el único laurea- do que ganó el premio en dos oca- siones, en 1958 y 1980. Otros dos también ganaron premios Nobel en otros campos: Marie Curie (física en El Premio Nobel de Química es entregado anual- 1903, química en 1911) y Linus Carl mente por la Academia Sueca a científicos que so- bresalen por sus contribuciones en el campo de la Pauling (química en 1954, paz en Física. 1962). Seis mujeres han ganado el Es uno de los cinco premios Nobel establecidos en premio: Marie Curie, Irène Joliot- el testamento de Alfred Nobel, en 1895, y que son dados a todos aquellos individuos que realizan Curie (1935), Dorothy Crowfoot Ho- contribuciones notables en la Química, la Física, la dgkin (1964), Ada Yonath (2009) y Literatura, la Paz y la Fisiología o Medicina. Emmanuelle Charpentier y Jennifer Según el testamento de Nobel, este reconocimien- to es administrado directamente por la Fundación Doudna (2020) Nobel y concedido por un comité conformado por Ha habido ocho años en los que no cinco miembros que son elegidos por la Real Aca- demia Sueca de las Ciencias. se entregó el premio Nobel de Quí- El primer Premio Nobel de Química fue otorgado mica, en algunas ocasiones por de- en 1901 al holandés Jacobus Henricus van't Hoff. clararse desierto y en otras por la Cada destinatario recibe una medalla, un diploma y situación de guerra mundial y el exi- un premio económico que ha variado a lo largo de los años. -
A Nobel Synthesis
MILESTONES IN CHEMISTRY Ian Grayson A nobel synthesis IAN GRAYSON Evonik Degussa GmbH, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, Hanau-Wolfgang, 63457, Germany he first Nobel Prize for chemistry was because it is a scientific challenge, as he awarded in 1901 (to Jacobus van’t Hoff). described in his Nobel lecture: “The synthesis T Up to 2010, the chemistry prize has been of brazilin would have no industrial value; awarded 102 times, to 160 laureates, of whom its biological importance is problematical, only four have been women (1). The most but it is worth while to attempt it for the prominent area for awarding the Nobel Prize sufficient reason that we have no idea how for chemistry has been in organic chemistry, in to accomplish the task” (4). which the Nobel committee includes natural Continuing the list of Nobel Laureates in products, synthesis, catalysis, and polymers. organic synthesis we arrive next at R. B. This amounts to 24 of the prizes. Reading the Woodward. Considered by many the greatest achievements of the earlier organic chemists organic chemist of the 20th century, he who were recipients of the prize, we see that devised syntheses of numerous natural they were drawn to synthesis by the structural Alfred Nobel, 1833-1896 products, including lysergic acid, quinine, analysis and characterisation of natural cortisone and strychnine (Figure 1). 6 compounds. In order to prove the structure conclusively, some In collaboration with Albert Eschenmoser, he achieved the synthesis, even if only a partial synthesis, had to be attempted. It is synthesis of vitamin B12, a mammoth task involving nearly 100 impressive to read of some of the structures which were deduced students and post-docs over many years. -
Small Molecule
National School on Neutron and X-ray Scattering June 24, 2010 Xiaoping Wang Neutron Scattering Science Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Outline • Small Molecule Crystallography • Accurate Molecular Structural Determination – Impact on Science • Structure and Bonding – Metal-Metal Multiple Bonds – From Small Molecule to Superamolecular Assembly • Case Studies – Gas Adsorption Dynamic in a Meal-Organic Framework – Electronic Communications Between Dimetal Centers – Effects of Crystallization on Molecular Structure – Single Crystal to Single Crystal Chemical Reaction • Future Directions – Single Crystal Crystallography in Higher Dimensions – Charge and Spin Density – Time Resolved Diffraction – Bridging the Gap in Small Molecule and Macromolecule Crystallography Small Molecule Crystallography • Small molecule A neutral or ionic compound of synthetic or biological origin but it is not a polymer, protein or nucleic acid: – Inorganic and Organic Compounds – Catalysts – Natural Products – Pharmaceuticals – Synthetic Chemicals • Small Molecule Crystallography – Use single crystal X-ray/Neutron diffraction methods to determine the three dimensional structure of small molecules at atomic resolution. Chemical Crystallography – The relationship between molecular structure and chemical, biochemical or biological properties. Cambridge Structural Database Stores data for organic molecules & metal-organic compounds http://www.ccdc.cam.ac.uk/ Basic Research at CCDC Mean molecular dimensions Studies of substituent effects Statistical and numerical -
On the Road to Carbene and Carbyne Complexes
ON THE ROAD TO CARBENE AND CARBYNE COMPLEXES Nobel Lecture, 11 December 1973 by ERNST OTTO FISCHER Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Technical University, Munich, Federal Republic of Germany Translation from the German text INTRODUCTION In the year 1960, I had the honour of giving a talk at this university* about sandwich complexes on which we were working at that time. I think I do not have to repeat the results of those investigations today. I would like to talk instead about a field of research in which we have been intensely interested in recent years: namely, the field of carbene complexes and, more recently, carbyne complexes. If we substitute one of the hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon of the alkane type - for example, ethane - by a metal atom, which can of course bind many more ligands, we arrive at an organometallic compound in which the organic radical is bound to the metal atom by a σ-bond (Fig. la). The earliest compounds of this kind were prepared more than a hundred years ago; the first was cacodyl, prepared by R. Bunsen (1), and then zinc dialkyls were prepared by E. Frankland (2). Later V. Grignard was able to synthesise alkyl magnesium halides by treating magnesium with alkyl halides (3). Grignard was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1912 for this effort. We may further recall the organo-aluminium compounds (4) of K. Ziegler which form the basis for the low pressure polymerisation, for example of ethylene. Ziegler and G. Natta were together honoured with the Nobel Prize in 1963 for their work on organometallic compounds. -
Interview with Harry B. Gray
HARRY B. GRAY (b. 1935) INTERVIEWED BY SHIRLEY K. COHEN SEPTEMBER 2000 – MARCH 2001 AND HEIDI ASPATURIAN JANUARY – MAY 2016 Photo taken in 1997 ARCHIVES CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Pasadena, California Subject area Chemistry Abstract Two interviews in seven and six sessions respectively, with Harry Gray, the Arnold O. Beckman Professor of Chemistry. The first series of interviews, conducted in 2000-01 with Shirley Cohen, deals with Gray’s life and career up to that time. The second series, conducted in 2016 with Heidi Aspaturian, covers the period 2001–2016, expands on a number of topics discussed in the first interview series, and adds to the account of Gray’s earlier decades. Discussion topics common to the two interviews are cross-referenced in both texts. 2000–01 Interview Gray opens this interview series with a description of his family roots and formative years in Kentucky’s tobacco-farming country, including his youthful career with the local newspaper and early interest in chemistry. He then provides an account of his undergraduate studies at Western Kentucky State College (BS 1957), graduate work with F. Basolo and R. Pearson at Northwestern University http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechOH:OH_Gray_H (PhD 1960), and postdoctoral work with C. Ballhausen at the University of Copenhagen, where he pioneered the development of ligand field theory. As a professor at Columbia University, he continued work at the frontiers of inorganic chemistry, published several books and, through an affiliation with Rockefeller University, was drawn to interdisciplinary research, which led him to accept a faculty position at Caltech in 1966. He talks about his approach to teaching and his research in inorganic chemistry and electron transfer at Caltech, his interactions with numerous Caltech personalities, including A. -
Von Emil Erlenmeyer Bis Ernst Otto Fischer
Von Emil Erlenmeyer bis Ernst Otto Fischer von Professor Wolfgang A. Herrmann Die Geschichte meines Lehrstuhls beginnt mit Emil Erlenmeyer. Als die Kgl. Polytechnische Schule in München nach dem Vorbild der Technischen Hochschulen in Prag (gegründet 1806), Wien (1815), Karlsruhe (1825) und Zürich (1855) im Jahre 1868 ihre Pforten öffnete, war der Chemiker Erlenmeyer unter den 24 Gründungs- professoren. Er stand einer der fünf Abteilungen vor, nämlich der chemisch-technischen Abteilung, zu der noch die Professoren Georg Cajetan Kaiser (Angewandte Chemie), Carl Stölzel (Chemische Technologie, Metallurgie und Praktische Technische Chemie) und Carl Haushofer (Mineralogie, Mineralogische Übungen und Eisenhüttenkunde) gehörten. Erlenmeyer vertrat die Experimental-Chemie sowie die Analytische und Praktische Chemie. Carl Max von Bauernfeind, Professor für Geodäsie, Praktische Geometrie sowie Straßen- und Eisenbahnbau, war der erste Direktor der Hochschule, die am 19. Dezember 1868 durch Minister von Schlör ihrer Bestimmung übergeben wurde. Ihr Gründungsauftrag bestand in „einer vollständigen theoretischen Ausbildung für den technischen Beruf in den für eine allgemeine Bildung erforderlichen Kenntnissen in denjenigen Disziplinen, welche auf den exakten Wissenschaften und zeichnenden Künsten beruhen“. Die Gründung der Kgl. Polytechnischen Schule war eine unmittelbare Folge der im Jahre 1864 erfolgten Einrichtung von Realgymnasien in Bayern, aus denen für das Jahr 1868 die ersten Studenten zu erwarten waren. Im Wettstreit um den Standort konnte sich München gegen Nürnberg nur deshalb durchsetzen, weil sich hier die Universität (seit 1825), die Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften (seit 1759) sowie die größten Sammlungen und Bibliotheken des Königreichs Bayern befanden. In den ersten Jahren hielt Erlenmeyer mit 6 Wochenstunden im Wintersemester und 4 Wochenstunden im Sommersemester die Anorganische beziehungsweise Organische Experimental- vorlesung. -
Basic Research Needs for Catalysis Science
Basic Research Needs for Catalysis Science Report of the Basic Energy Sciences Workshop on Basic Research Needs for Catalysis Science to Transform Energy Technologies May 8–10, 2017 Image courtesy of Argonne National Laboratory. DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of a workshop sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees or officers, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of document authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Copyrights to portions of this report (including graphics) are reserved by original copyright holders or their assignees, and are used by the Government’s license and by permission. Requests to use any images must be made to the provider identified in the image credits. This report is available in pdf format at https://science.energy.gov/bes/community-resources/reports/ REPORT OF THE BASIC RESEARCH NEEDS WORKSHOP FOR CATALYSIS SCIENCE Basic Research Needs for Catalysis Science TO TRANSFORM ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES Report from the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences Workshop May 8–10, 2017, in Gaithersburg, Maryland CHAIR: ASSOCIATE CHAIRS: Carl A. -
Hans Fischer Fellowship
Institute for Advanced Study Technical University of Munich The Institute for Advanced Study of Technische Universität München (TUM-IAS) is part of TUM’s institutional strategy to promote top-level research in the Excellence Initiative by the German federal and state governments. TUM-IAS awards Fellowships to distinguished researchers and gives them the necessary time and financial support to explore new venues, to develop novel research areas and to establish intensive international collaborations. To attract scholarly talent from around the globe TUM-IAS invites applications for the prestigious Hans Fischer Fellowship Target Group: Up to 4 Hans Fischer Fellowships will be awarded to outstanding early-career international scientists who intend to explore innovative, high-risk topics in their research areas together with a TUM research group. Applications are invited in all areas of the TUM research portfolio. Objective: The Fellowships last 3 years with the expectation that the Fellow will spent a total of at least 9 months at TUM (which can be divided individually into several stays). In this way, TUM-IAS intends to further a lasting and productive connection on an international level. Funding: Hans Fischer Fellows receive an award of €30,000 plus €50,000 for travel, housing and research-related costs, as well as support for one doctoral candidate at TUM. For Fellows with family responsibilities, the TUM-IAS offers flexible funding (for example for childcare/school fees) and various other kinds of provisions. Conditions: Hans Fischer Fellows have to fulfill the mobility requirements of the Marie Curie COFUND program within EU's 7th Framework Program which co-funds the Fellowship, i.e., no more than 12 months of employment in Germany in the 3 years preceding the call’s publication date. -
Facts & Figures 2010
Technische Universität München Facts & Figures 2010 The ESA satellite GOCE was successfully launched into orbit around the earth on Profile March 17, 2009. Over two six-month periods, this satellite will measure minute differences in the Earth’s gravity field with unprecedented accuracy. The data will be evaluated by the Chair for Astronomical and Physical Geodesy at TUM. TUM. The Entrepreneurial University – our motto speaks for itself. A pioneering establishment, TUM brings together the widest diversity of talent – fostering and synergizing it to create exciting teams with new perspectives and possibilities. The results are a powerful corporate identity and world-class performance. Value creation through value enhancement. Our success is built on a number of pillars – deep expertise and special- ization, a spirit of collaboration and active team work across fields and faculties, close ties with the professional world and the diversity of our staff and students. You will find our graduates in all four corners of the globe. Since its foundation in 1868, TUM has played a significant role in transforming the German state of Bavaria into a high-tech hub. Mean- while 13 Nobel price winners have been generated by TUM. We bundle the full spectrum of natural, engineering, educational, medical and life sciences, flanked naturally by business studies. This portfolio of studies is unique in Germany and a rarity in Europe. Faculties Locations & Networks 137 programs – 13 faculties – 3 locations Freising TUM locations TUM Science Munich network Munich