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Reinforcement of Science and Technology Diplomacy

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Reinforcement of Science and Technology Diplomacy REINFORCEMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DIPLOMACY Taizo Yakushiji The Council for Science and Technology Policy of the Cabinet Offi ce of Japan 3-1-1 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 100-8970 ABSTRACT Science and technology hold the key to resolving many of today’s most pressing global issues, especially building sustainable societies that maximize the earth’s limited resources. In April 2007, the Council for Science and Technology Policy pointed out that Japan should take a new “science and technology diplomacy,” perspective, one that seeks to capitalize on these areas in diplomacy. By doing so, and by reinforcing these activities, Japan should contribute to innovation throughout the world. The reinforcement of science and technology diplomacy is also important for a strategy for innovating Japan’s social system, as described in the “The Innovation 25 Strategy.” Strengthening science and technology cooperation with developing countries is a high priority in science and technology diplomacy. Research cooperation with developing countries on issues concerning environment at questions, water management, infectious diseases, and many others functions as a strategic perspective, and networks with the partner countries should be reinforced. To make it possible for young people from Asia and other parts of world to study Japan’s environmental technology and policies, the government of Japan will establish and implement programs to develop those environmental leaders. Japan must change its traditional mind-set, and make use of the country’s superior strengths in science and technology to take the initiative in solving worldwide problems that face the human race. KEYWORDS sustainable society, science and technology, diplomacy, innovation, international cooperation 19 Council for Science and Technology Policy 1. Functions The CSTP serves as a locus of knowledge and intelligence that assists the Prime Minister and the Cabinet on overarching matters relating to science and technology for Japan as a whole from a perspective one level higher than the ministries. 2. Mission 1) Investigations and deliberations on the matters upon request from the Prime Minister * Basic policies and programs for comprehensive and systematic promotion of S&T * Guidelines on budgetary/personnel resources allocation in science and technology, and other matters of importance relating to promotion of science and technology. REINFORCEMENT OF 2) Evaluation of nationally important research and development related to science and technology SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 3. Membership The CSTP is chaired by the Prime Minister and its made up of 14 members; Chief Cabinet DIPLOMACY Secretary, Minister of State for Science and Technology Policy, relevant cabinet members, executive members, and heads of relevant governmental agencies as designated by the PM. As of Sep. 2007 CSTP Executive Members （Appointed by the PM, approved in advance by both Houses of the Diet. Two-year term.) The Council for Science & Technology Policy Government of Japan Prof. Taizo Yakushiji 12th September, 2007 Dr.Masuo Dr. Taizo Dr. Tasuku Dr. Naoki Dr. Etsuhiko Dr. Yuko Dr. Michiko Dr. Ichiro AIZAWA YAKUSHIJI HONJO OKUMURA SHOYAMA HARAYAMA GO KANAZAWA （Part-time） (Full-time) (Full-time) (Full-time) (Part-time) (Part-time) (Part-time) 0 (Part-time) 1 Organization chart of CSTP CSTP (Council for S&T Policy) Conference CSTP Conference (monthly) • Held every month Expert Panel on Steering Meeting (weekly) Basic Policy • Member Life Science IT – Prime Minister (chair) Image: CSTP Meeting, Sep. 2006 Environment Nano/Materials – Relevant ministers Expert Panel on Bioethics Energy MONODZUKURI – CSTP executive members Social Infrastructure Frontier •Mission Competitive Research Funds Expert Panel on – S&T basic policies (Investigations and deliberations) Science and Technology Diplomacy Space Development and Utilization – Resources allocation R&D System Reform (Investigations and deliberations) – Nationally important R&Ds Prime Minister ABE listen to Expert Panel on (Evaluations) Expert Panel on Evaluation Management of Intellectual the explanation of the present Properties status of global warming. CSTP meeting in May. 2007 2 3 Members of the CSTP Aiming to be an advanced science- Chairperson Mr. Shinzo ABE Prime Minister and technology-oriented nation c Plan Cabinet Ms. Fumio KISHIDA Minister of State for Science and Technology Policy rd Basi ） 3 2010 Science and Technology Basic Law 006- Members Mr. Kaoru YOSANO Chief Cabinet Secretary （FY 2 （enacted in 1995） n ic Pla nd Bas 5） Mr. Hiroya MASUDA Minister for Internal Affairs and Communications 2 1-200 Y 200 lan （F Mr. Fukushiro NUKAGA Minister of Finance t sic P s Ba 0） stst ndnd 1 6-200 ●●ReviewReview of of thethe 11 andand 22 Y 1 99 Mr. Bunmei IBUKI Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and （F plansplans Technology st nd ●●ThreeThree basicbasic ideasideas (1)The(1)The 1 1standand 2 2ndS&TS&T Basic Basic Plans Plans ●Increase in have solidified the foundation of S&T Mr. Akira AMARI Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry ●Increase in (i)(i) Creation Creation of of wisdom wisdom have solidified the foundation of S&T governmentalgovernmental (ii)(ii) Vitality Vitality from from wisdom wisdom inin Japan. Japan. Executive Dr. Masuo AIZAWA President, Tokyo Institute of Technology R&DR&D expenditureexpenditure (iii)Sophisticated(iii)Sophisticated society society by by (2)“Mega-competition(2)“Mega-competition for for knowledge” knowledge” wisdom that Japan faces involves not only the TheThe total total budget budget for for wisdom that Japan faces involves not only the Members governmental R&D United States and Europe but also Dr. Taizo YAKUSHIJI Visiting Professor, Keio University governmental R&D ●●KeyKey policiespolicies United States and Europe but also expenditureexpenditure exceeded exceeded 17 17 AsianAsian nations nations such such as as South South Korea Korea ・・StrategicStrategic priority priority setting setting in in S&T S&T Dr. Tasuku HONJO Visiting Professor, Kyoto University trillion yen.. and China. trillion yen －－PromotionPromotion of of basic basic and China. Dr. Naoki OKUMURA Former Representative Director and Executive Vice ●●ConstructionConstruction ofof newnew researchesresearches Our decision for future: －Prioritization of R&D on President, Nippon Steel Corporation, Ltd. R&DR&D systemsystem －Prioritization of R&D on stronger emphasis on the ・ national/socialnational/social subjects subjects ・IncreaseIncrease in in competitive competitive ・ role of “Wisdom” research funds ・S&TS&T system system reforms reforms Mr. Etsuhiko SHOYAMA President, Chief Executive Officer and Director, Hitachi, Ltd. research funds －Doubling of competitive ・・SupportSupport plan plan for for 10,000 10,000 －Doubling of competitive post-doctoral fellows researchresearch funds funds ●●HighlightHighlight Dr. Yuko HARAYAMA Professor, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku post-doctoral fellows －Enhancement of industry- (including(including Ph.D Ph.D students) students) －Enhancement of industry- 9 How to nurture creative S&T University ・・PromotionPromotion of of industry- industry- academia-governmentacademia-government personnel? academia-governmentacademia-government collaborationcollaboration 9 Further reform of S&T systems, Dr. Mitiko GO President, Ochanomizu University collaborationcollaboration ・・TotalTotal budget budget : 24:24 trilliontrillion yenyen leading to higher performance ・ ・ImplementationImplementation of of evaluation evaluation ・・3030 Nobel Nobel laureates laureates within within 50 50 irrespective of Japanese serious Sci.Council Dr. Ichiro KANAZAWA President of Science Council of Japan systems etc. 4 systems etc. yearsyears situation due to limited resources 5 20 rd Strengthening science and Long-term Strategic Guidelines Outline of the 3 Basic Plan “Innovation 25” technology diplomacy 1. Fundamental Concept 1. Fundamental Concept - Strengthening science and technology in cooperation with developing countries ● To support developing countries for life and health maintenance (water and food issues, Recent situation revolving around S&T 2. Strategic Priority Setting in S&T ●Basic stance toward the 3rd plan 2. Strategic Priority Setting in S&T infectious diseases), and to provide technological support for economic development and for the issues of environmental technologies closely associated with conservation of ●Fundamental ideas and policy goals ●Promotion of basic researches ecosystem, a commitment will be made to develop mutual local networks of higher ●Setting target of governmental ●Prioritization of R&D for policy-oriented subjects education and research institutions as a local base for cooperation toward joint research investment Primary prioritized areas; Life science, IT, and human resources development and support will be given to the development of Environmental sciences, Nano-tech. & materials higher education/research institutions and research facilities and equipment, such as Secondary prioritized areas; Energy, system to dispatch researchers who carry out cooperation activities in developing countries to conduct joint research and human resources development in an integrated 3.3. S&T S&T system system reforms reforms MONODZUKURI tech., Infrastructure, Frontier manner. (outer space & oceans) ●Fostering S&T personnel and ●Promotion strategy for prioritized areas providing opportunities - Transmission and demonstration of Japan’s excellent technologies in science and technology to the world ●Progress in science and leading
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