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Creating Community Over the Net: a Case Study of Romanian Online Journalism Mihaela V

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Creating Community Over the Net: a Case Study of Romanian Online Journalism Mihaela V Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2005 Creating Community over the Net: A Case Study of Romanian Online Journalism Mihaela V. Nocasian Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF COMMUNICATION CREATING COMMUNITY OVER THE NET: A CASE STUDY OF ROMANIAN ONLINE JOURNALISM By MIHAELA V. NOCASIAN A Dissertation submitted to the Department of Communication in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Fall Semester, 2005 The members of the Committee approve the Dissertation of Mihaela V. Nocasian defended on August 25, 2005. ________________________ Marilyn J. Young Professor Directing Dissertation _______________________ Gary Burnett Outside Committee Member ________________________ Davis Houck Committee Member ________________________ Andrew Opel Committee Member _________________________ Stephen D. McDowell Committee Member Approved: _____________________ Stephen D. McDowell, Chair, Department of Communication _____________________ John K. Mayo, Dean, College of Communication The Office of Graduate Studies has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii To my mother, Anişoara, who taught me what it means to be compassionate. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The story of the Formula As community that I tell in this work would not have been possible without the support of those who believed in my abilities and offered me guidance, encouragement, and support. My committee members— Marilyn Young, Ph.D., Gary Burnett Ph.D., Stephen McDowell, Ph.D., Davis Houck, Ph.D., and Andrew Opel, Ph.D. — all offered valuable feedback during the various stages of completing this work. I am particularly indebted to Dr. Marilyn Young for innumerable great conversations about Eastern European rhetoric, for her warmth, and patience. I am grateful to Dr. Gary Burnett for his extensive knowledge and expertise in the area of virtual communities and hermeneutics, for teaching me how to be a better writer, and for gently pushing me forward during times of inner doubt. I would also like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my dear friend, Richard Leagan, for his generous support and unconditional friendship. I deeply appreciated the moral support of Angelique de Jong, my Buddhist friend, and Nada Carey, my coach. Thank you for your loving‐kindness. Many thanks go to Yarma Velazquez, Firat Tuzunkan, and Jenghoon Lee, my colleagues and friends in the Communication Department at Florida State University, for their encouragement and for keeping me on track. The great family that is Formula As deserves recognition as without its unique solidarity and love this work would have never been written. Finally I would like to express my gratitude to my family. I want to thank my parents, Anișoara and my step‐father Gheorghe, for their love, encouragement, and for always being there for me. I thank my brother, Octavian Duca, for his indefatigable humor, unconditional love, and compassion. I dedicate this work to my mother‐‐my greatest inspiration. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract .............................................................................................................. vi CREATING COMMUNITY OVER THE NET: THE FORMULA AS STORY. 1 Goals of the Study.............................................................................................. 7 Justification of Study ......................................................................................... 8 Outline of Study................................................................................................. 9 THE FORMULA AS MAGAZINE CONTEXT ...................................................... 12 An Overview of Romanian Media During and After Communism .......... 12 The Formula As Magazine................................................................................. 18 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK.............................................................................. 22 Public Sphere and the Internet......................................................................... 24 Virtual Community ........................................................................................... 28 Language and “Imagined Communities” ...................................................... 44 Online Journalism.............................................................................................. 53 Research Questions............................................................................................ 59 ARTICULATING COMMUNITY THROUGH NARRATIVE ......................... 61 Formula As from a Narrative Perspective ....................................................... 61 Formula As from a Virtual Community Conceptual Model......................... 66 INSIDE FORMULA AS: COMMUNITY SELF‐REFERENCE............................. 73 INSIDE FORMULA AS: COMMON INTERESTS AND GOALS .................... 96 INSIDE FORMULA AS: MEMBERSHIP BOUNDARIES................................... 120 INSIDE FORMULA AS: SHARED HISTORY ...................................................... 145 INSIDE FORMULA AS: COMMON DISCURSIVE SPACE.............................. 163 INSIDE FORMULA AS: INTERACTIVITY........................................................... 182 CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................... 188 ENDNOTES ....................................................................................................... 194 WORKS CITED ....................................................................................................... 199 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH ..................................................................................... 222 v ABSTRACT This dissertation is a rhetorical examination of a virtual community that has developed around Formula As—a Romanian print and Web based publication that over the course of fourteen years has built a readership of eight million despite the unstable Romanian transition media environment. The purpose of this study is to help understand the manner in which the Formula As magazine brings together a geographically fragmented public into a community and explore the role of storytelling in the rhetorical construction of this community. The dissertation employs an eclectic theoretical perspective and a rhetorical‐based methodology. This study’s theoretical framework brings together concepts from different areas of inquiry such as virtual community and computer‐mediated communication, public sphere, interactive journalism, and hermeneutics. Fisher’s narrative paradigm serves as the interpretive lens that is used in this study to gain insight into the dynamic of building community among the readers of the Formula As magazine. To uncover the distinctiveness of the Formula As community, this study proposes a virtual community conceptual model containing six conditions—community self‐reference, common interests and goals, membership boundaries, shared history, common discursive space, and interactivity. One of the major findings of this study is that at a very basic level, virtual communities are quite similar. The Formula As readers are brought together in an imagined community that has social reality for them. The shared Romanian cultural memory, flexible group boundaries, and the exchange of naturistic remedies information and cooperation in humanitarian work enable Formula As participants to develop a history together. At a fundamental level, the Formula As community members sustain connections and imagine themselves and others as constituting a community through the shared practices of interpreting the community texts and making public participants’ stories of involvement with the magazine’s community. From a rhetorical perspective, this study revealed that in the Formula As community, storytelling provides participants with a safe avenue for disclosing sensitive personal information while the discursive space of the magazine becomes the locus for shaping public opinion on a series of specific social issues. vi “Iar istoria acestui ziar este încrederea în fortele noastre, respectul profesiei si al cititorilor nostri, neclintita vecinӑtate a bunului Dumnezeu, care ne‐a învatat iubirea si mila, iertarea si îngaduinta, nӑzuinta de a le ocroti oamenilor speranta si puterea de a visa” [The history of this neswpaper has risen from trusting ourselves, respecting our profession and readers, living in the unfaltering closeness of God who’s taught us love and compassion, forgiveness and tolerance, the striving to nurture people’s hopes and their might to dream] 1 (Sanziana Pop, Director of Formula As2). CHAPTER ONE CREATING COMMUNITY OVER THE NET: THE FORMULA AS STORY We tell stories, of who we are, of others, of past, present, and future, every day of our life. Stories are so enmeshed into our being and culture that we often take them for granted and rarely stop to ponder over the ways we weave them, either individually or collectively (Fisher 1999). Sometimes, those who are in the audience or the thought of them learning of our story, by whatever means, can impact our rhetorical choices, our storytelling, and why not, our whole being. In fact, stories and storytelling presuppose the existence of an audience, be it physically present or imagined. Stories are powerful because they constitute the bridge that we cast into the world so that we can understand it, connect with others through
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