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The Case of the Ailing Avenues

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The Case of the Ailing Avenues DETECTIVE DENDRO THE diagNostic SLEUTH By Dina Mysko The Case of the Ailing Avenues The cold, dark nights were drawing in. It had been a long “Not exactly. How are your sea legs?” day and my muscles craved warmth. I sat by the fire in Codit was cautious. “Well, it’s been a while. I used to sail my old leather club chair, cupping a glass of crisp cognac, with my uncle, on occasion, to southern Europe. He used reflecting on past events. The ISA Annual International to pack and send cargo out of a shipping yard in Philly. TM Conference in Orlando, Florida, U.S., now seemed a dis- But I haven’t seen him in a while. .” tant memory, and the climbing competitions were all Good enough, I thought. “Codit, call your uncle right wrapped up for the year. Beyond our commitment to the away and see if he can fix us two tickets. I’ve always TCI Expo in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S., I figured Codit dreamed of seeing the south of France!” and I had a bit of time on our hands. The journey across the Atlantic was a little rough—not And at that thought, Codit wandered in. exactly been what I had in mind—but as soon as we entered “Evening, Dendro.” the tranquil Mediterranean waters it was smooth sailing. “Evening. You know, you may want to consider packing In the distance, the picturesque coastline gave me calm. I some extra things for our trip up to the City of Bridges.” breathed in the warm air as we approached the Port of “We heading north to watch the Steelers play?” Marseille. I could almost smell the onion soup. DIA DIA COMMONS E Planetrees not too different from these are showing curious signs of T; WIKIM T; E decline that Dendro must N E investigate. Monsieur Dubois’s trees have yellowing, curling leaves, as well as peculiar AN-LOUIS V AN-LOUIS E J branch lesions. 22 | Arborist•News | www.isa-arbor.com After a peaceful night’s rest at a local guesthouse, I felt re-energized. I threw back the shutters to catch the early morning light, dappling the tree-lined sandy square opposite. Codit was slowly stirring. “Bonjour, Codit! Get dressed, we’re off to the Camargue Natural Park, a UNESCO wetland reserve. I also need to brush up on my ornithology.” Codit was a slug, so I figured it best to grab some croissants and coffee on the way. We walked across the square to the Café Arboré. “Bonjour, monsieur.” I greeted the man across the counter. The man, kneading dough, returned my greeting with an indecipherable mumble. He continued hastily kneading the dough. “Hello, monsieur. Can I help you?” A voice turned my head and my eyes lit up at the beauty holding the tray before me, dark hair caressing her shoulders. “Please,” she added, “excuse my boss, Jean Dubois, he’s a little rushed this morning.” “Bonjour, mademoiselle. .” “Madame Bella Platane, monsieur.” “M-my friend Codit and I would like two croissants and . uh. .” Admittedly, my eyes wandered—deep brown eyes, perfectly formed curves. What was I there for, again? Croissants and . what? “Certainly, monsieur. Would you like coffee too?” Bella asked politely. “Oui, merci madame!” My pronunciation might not be perfect, I thought. Maybe I’ll try and impress her with a little arboricultural knowledge instead. “I was admiring the Platanus × hispanica (London plane or sycamore) lining the square. Its parent species, Platanus orientalis (oriental plane) and Platanus occidentalis (American plane or sycamore) were brought together to create this robust hybrid. Those strong scaffold branches look magnificent. The autumnal leaf colors show that the chlorophyll pigment is breaking down into useful nutrients, such as nitrogen, which the tree can store throughout winter. This allows other pigments to be displayed, such as carotenoids, which reflect yellow and orange light, thus displaying the attractive colors we see.” I could tell Bella was enchanted. I continued: “The bark, which flakes off to create that distinct camouflage-like appearance, is the tree’s way of self-cleansing as it’s exposed to pollution. The younger shoots and leaves also help remove harmful particulates from the air. And not only are these trees extremely pollution-tolerant, but they can also survive in very poor soil conditions, help reduce your café’s energy consumption through shade and cooling, and help block wind. The London plane is perhaps the most cost- effective tree species for urban planting due to its longevity, large canopy, and ability SS to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide while locking up large amounts of carbon.” RE Jean Dubois stopped kneading. “Excuse me, monsieur, but how do you know so P much about our trees?” LL UNIV. LL E “My assistant and I are arborists!” N “We have an avenue of these trees where I live,” Jean responded. “The local arborist, R & CO & Robert Grimpeur, prunes them regularly. He hasn’t been able to come this year R though, he’s too busy working by the canal near Béziers. But my trees, I’ve been a little troubled by them lately. They’re not as attractive this year. Perhaps the dry summer hasn’t helped. Would you mind looking at them?” SINCLAI W.A. I nudged Codit with my elbow. The poor guy was asleep on his feet. He needed The client’s planetrees are looking a little weary. caffeine a lot more than he needed a lecture. “Certainly, monsieur Dubois, Codit and I can come and look right away, if you’re free,” I replied. “But for now, let’s stick with croissants and coffee.” Well, so much for the birdwatching, I thought, as we left the café and the beautiful Bella Platane behind. The plane trees lining the Rue Têtard were typical of the French avenue and were a good example of pollarding when it is done correctly. However, these mature specimens were certainly looking a little weary. “Monsieur Dubois, when were these last pollarded?” I suspected it had been for two years. “It would have been the winter before last, so, two years ago?” “And when did the leaves change color?” Jean mumbled, doing the math in his head. “It was much earlier this year, late July or early August. They looked tired so suddenly, turning yellow, curling up. Could it be drought?” u DECEMBER 2015 | 23 Detective Dendro (continued) “Not likely, my dear assistant. Platanus species are resistant to it. Consider the symptoms you can see and I turned to Codit, now officially awake. “What do try to recall another pathogen that specifically affects you think?” London plane.” “London plane can usually withstand drought,” Codit Judging by Codit’s furrowed expression, he was dig- said, narrowing his eyes at the base of the tree. “I was con- ging deep. The coffee must have done the trick. sidering a case of chlorosis—nutrient deficiency—a lack “Massaria!” he blurted. “This looks like Massaria disease, of iron perhaps.” caused by the fungus Splanchnonema platani, formerly “Well, planetrees are commonly planted as street trees Massaria platani.” because they are able to tolerate very poor soil conditions. “Close,” I said. “What we have here does have similarities However, I don’t think the soil is the root cause here,” I to Massaria, such as branch dieback and dark lesions on some said, bringing Codit’s attention back to the canopy. “It of the branches. However, Massaria is not ailing this avenue.” appears we have some dieback in the crown.” I approached one of the main stems and gestured to the “Oh! Dieback, yellowing, curling leaves . could it be bark. “Monsieur Dubois, I have the answer to your ailing Verticillium wilt?” Codit asked. “The soil-borne fungal avenue.” pathogen infects sapwood and causes yellowing, wilting, Turn to page 74 to see what is dieback, and necrosis.” afflicting the avenue of planes. nurseries to help establish a resilient urban forest in times 2015 TREE Fund Grant of climate change. TREE Fund education grant recipients for 2015 include: Awards Toledo (Ohio) Botanical Garden – $5,000 TREE Fund The Tree Research and Education Endowment Fund (TREE Arboriculture Education Grant. “From TREEs to STEM!” Fund) is has announced the first of its 2015 grant awards, offers hands-on, inquiry-based experiments and outdoor totaling nearly USD $80,000 to support urban tree research, explorations for 400 inner-city children, deepening their scholarships, and arboriculture education in the United States understanding of the role they play in protecting and and abroad. The TREE Fund awarded a record $303,000 enjoying the natural world around them. for tree research and education in 2014, and has disbursed Forest ReLeaf of Missouri – $5,000 TREE Fund Arbori- more than $2.6 million since its inception in 2002. culture Education Grant. “Forest ReLeaf in the Classroom” The TREE Fund awarded a total of six scholarships and is an interactive program for students in grades K-12 offer- three arboriculture education grants for the 2015–2016 ing instruction in basic biology and emphasizing the envi- academic year. New in 2015 were two scholarships funded ronmental impact and social benefits provided by urban trees. by the ISA Penn-Del Chapter—the Fran Ward Women Cuyahoga River Restoration – $5,000 Ohio Chapter in Arboriculture Scholarship and the Horace M. Thayer ISA Education Grant. “Tree Training Intensives” provides Scholarship—available to aspiring arborists from Penn- workshops for community leaders, Tree Commission mem- sylvania and Delaware. For a complete list of Research & bers, and students considering careers in arboriculture Education Grant awardees and scholarship winners, visit the and urban forestry.
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