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UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Investigation of bit patterned media, thermal flying height control sliders and heat assisted magnetic recording in hard disk drives Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/3nd3d29b Author Zheng, Hao Publication Date 2011 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Investigation of Bit Patterned Media, Thermal Flying Height Control Sliders and Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording in Hard Disk Drives A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering Sciences (Mechanical Engineering) by Hao Zheng Committee in charge: Professor Frank E. Talke, Chair Professor David J. Benson Professor Eric Fullerton Professor Philip E. Gill Professor Hidenori Murakami 2011 Copyright Hao Zheng, 2011 All rights reserved. This dissertation of Hao Zheng is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Chair University of California, San Diego 2011 iii to my parents Yanping Duan and Guangyuan Zheng iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page ............................................................................................................... iii Dedication .................................................................................................................... iv Table of Contents ........................................................................................................... v List of Figures ................................................................................................................ ix List of Tables ............................................................................................................... xvi Acknowledgements .................................................................................................... xvii Vita and Publications ................................................................................................... xxi Abstract of the Dissertation ..................................................................................... xxxiii Chapter 1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 1 1.1 History of Hard Disk Drives .................................................................................. 1 1.2 Evolution of Areal Density .................................................................................. 10 1.3 Principle of Magnetic Recording ......................................................................... 13 1.3.1 Magnetic Materials [32] [33] ................................................................. 13 1.3.2 Write Process ......................................................................................... 16 1.3.3 Read Process .......................................................................................... 19 1.4 Mechanical Structure of Hard Disk Drives ......................................................... 26 1.5 Head/Disk Interface ............................................................................................. 28 1.6 Magnetic Trilemma ............................................................................................. 34 1.7 Current and Future Technologies under Consideration to Achieve Higher Storage Density ................................................................................................... 36 1.7.1 Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (PMR)............................................ 37 1.7.2 Thermal Flying Height Control (TFC) Slider ........................................ 38 1.7.3 Two Dimensional Magnetic Recording (TDMR) .................................. 41 1.7.4 Heat Assisted Magnetic Recording (HAMR) ........................................ 43 1.7.5 Microwave Assisted Magnetic Recording (MAMR) ............................. 45 v 1.7.6 Patterned Media ..................................................................................... 46 1.8 Organization of the Dissertation .......................................................................... 48 Chapter 2 Hydrodynamic Lubrication of the Head/Disk Interface ........................... 50 2.1 Reynolds Equation ............................................................................................... 51 2.2 Rarefaction Effects for Ultra-Low Head/Disk Interface ..................................... 59 2.3 Finite Element Formulation of Reynolds Equation ............................................. 61 2.4 Equilibrium Equations of the Slider .................................................................... 69 Chapter 3 Slider Design and Air Bearing Simulation of Bit Patterned Media .......... 73 3.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................... 73 3.2 Numerical Model ................................................................................................. 75 3.3 Simulation Results ............................................................................................... 77 3.3.1 Air Bearing Pressure Distribution .......................................................... 77 3.3.2 Effect of Design of Bit Patterned Media ................................................ 81 3.3.3 Spherical-Pad Slider Flying over Bit Patterned Media .......................... 85 3.3.3.1 Air Bearing Pressure Distribution ........................................... 87 3.3.3.2 Comparison of Spherical-Pad Slider and Traditional Slider ... 89 3.3.3.3 Parametric Study of Spherical Pad.......................................... 92 3.4 Summary and Conclusions .................................................................................. 95 3.5 Acknowledgement ............................................................................................... 96 Chapter 4 Thermo-Mechanical Modeling of Sliders with Heat Source .................... 97 4.1 Theoretical Background of Thermo-Mechanical Simulation .............................. 98 4.1.1 Thermal Analysis ................................................................................... 98 4.1.2 Mechanical Analysis ............................................................................ 103 4.2 Heat Transfer at the Head/Disk Interface [106][204] ........................................ 107 4.3 Integrated Simulation Tool for Thermo-Mechanical Modeling of Sliders ....... 112 Chapter 5 Effect of Thermal Radiation on Thermal Flying Height Control Sliders 115 5.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 115 5.2 Heat Transfer between Head and Disk Interface ............................................... 118 5.3 Discussion and Analysis .................................................................................... 120 vi 5.4 Numerical Model ............................................................................................... 121 5.5 Simulation Results ............................................................................................. 122 5.6 Summary and Conclusions ................................................................................ 125 5.7 Acknowledgement ............................................................................................. 126 Chapter 6 Optimization of Thermal Flying Height Control Sliders with Dual Heater/Insulator Elements ....................................................................... 127 6.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 128 6.2 Numerical Model ............................................................................................... 130 6.3 Comparison between Single Heater and Dual Heaters ...................................... 132 6.4 Effect of Write Current ...................................................................................... 135 6.5 Effect of Location of Dual Heaters ................................................................... 138 6.6 Effect of the Power Ratio of Dual Heaters ........................................................ 143 6.7 Summary and Conclusions ................................................................................ 147 6.8 Acknowledgement ............................................................................................. 148 Chapter 7 Numerical Simulation of Thermal Flying Height Control Sliders in Heat- Assisted Magnetic Recording ................................................................. 149 7.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................... 150 7.2 Numerical Model ............................................................................................... 152 7.3 Simulation Results ............................................................................................. 153 7.3.1 Comparison between Dissipated Heat in the Wave Guide and Heat Input of the Heaters ....................................................................................... 153 7.3.2 Effect of Dissipated Power in the Wave Guide ................................... 157 7.3.3 Effect of Power Input of the Heaters ................................................... 159 7.3.4 Effect of Distance between the Heaters and the Air Bearing Surface . 164 7.4 Summary and Conclusions ...............................................................................
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