Volume 79, No. 4, October 2015
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Identification of Compounds with Potential Therapeutic Uses From
International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Identification of Compounds with Potential Therapeutic Uses from Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Fruits and Their Modulation by Nitric Oxide (NO) Lucía Guevara 1, María Ángeles Domínguez-Anaya 1, Alba Ortigosa 1, Salvador González-Gordo 1 , Caridad Díaz 2 , Francisca Vicente 2 , Francisco J. Corpas 1 , José Pérez del Palacio 2 and José M. Palma 1,* 1 Group of Antioxidant, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain; [email protected] (L.G.); [email protected] (M.Á.D.-A.); [email protected] (A.O.); [email protected] (S.G.-G.); [email protected] (F.J.C.) 2 Department of Screening & Target Validation, Fundación MEDINA, 18016 Granada, Spain; [email protected] (C.D.); [email protected] (F.V.); [email protected] (J.P.d.P.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-958-181-1600; Fax: +34-958-181-609 Abstract: Plant species are precursors of a wide variety of secondary metabolites that, besides being useful for themselves, can also be used by humans for their consumption and economic benefit. Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) fruit is not only a common food and spice source, it also stands out for containing high amounts of antioxidants (such as vitamins C and A), polyphenols and capsaicinoids. Citation: Guevara, L.; Particular attention has been paid to capsaicin, whose anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and Domínguez-Anaya, M.Á.; Ortigosa, A.; González-Gordo, S.; Díaz, C.; analgesic activities have been reported in the literature. -
Introduction 1. Arthur G. Green, in Discussion Following Ernest F. Ehrhardt, "Reminiscences of Dr. Caro," Chemistry and Industry 43 (1924): 561-65, on 564
Notes Introduction 1. Arthur G. Green, in discussion following Ernest F. Ehrhardt, "Reminiscences of Dr. Caro," Chemistry and Industry 43 (1924): 561-65, on 564. 2. This is mentioned by Ehrhardt, in "Reminiscences of Dr. Caro," on 561, who is probably referring to a letter from Raphael Meldola published in the London Times on 20 January 1915. Though in 1904 Meldola drew a connection between Caro's departure from England and the decline of the British dye industry, Caro is not mentioned in Meldola's letter to the Times. See also Ehrhardt, "Reminiscences of Dr. Caro," 564-65. 3. For a review of the industrial impact of Haber's ammonia synthesis, see Anthony S. Travis, "High Pressure Industrial Chemistry: The First Steps, 1909-1913, and the Impact," in Determinants in the Evolution of the European Chemical Industry, 1900-1939, eds. Anthony S. Travis, Harm G. SchrOter, Ernst Homburg, and Peter J. T. Morris (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1998), 1-21. 4. Ehrhardt, "Reminiscences of Dr. Caro," 564. A useful study of Caro is Curt Schuster, "Heinrich Caro," in Ludwigshafener Chemiker, ed. Kurt Oberdorffer (Dusseldorf, 1960), vol. 2, 45-83. See also John J. Beer, Dictionary of Scientific Biography, s.v. Heinrich Caro; and Ernst Darmstaedter, "Heinrich Caro," in Das Buch der grossen Chemiker, ed. Giinther Bugge (Berlin: Chemie Verlag,1929), vol. 2, 298-309. The most informative of the obituaries is August Bernthsen, "Heinrich Caro," Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft 45 (1912): 1987-2042. 5. Green, in discussion following Ehrhardt, "Reminiscences of Dr. Caro," on 564. 6. For the dearth of archival material on the British dye industry before around 1880, see entries in Peter J. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.421,180 B2 Zielinski Et Al
USOO9421 180B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.421,180 B2 Zielinski et al. (45) Date of Patent: Aug. 23, 2016 (54) ANTIOXIDANT COMPOSITIONS FOR 6,203,817 B1 3/2001 Cormier et al. .............. 424/464 TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATION OR 6,323,232 B1 1 1/2001 Keet al. ............ ... 514,408 6,521,668 B2 2/2003 Anderson et al. ..... 514f679 OXIDATIVE DAMAGE 6,572,882 B1 6/2003 Vercauteren et al. ........ 424/451 6,805,873 B2 10/2004 Gaudout et al. ....... ... 424/401 (71) Applicant: Perio Sciences, LLC, Dallas, TX (US) 7,041,322 B2 5/2006 Gaudout et al. .............. 424/765 7,179,841 B2 2/2007 Zielinski et al. .. ... 514,474 (72) Inventors: Jan Zielinski, Vista, CA (US); Thomas 2003/0069302 A1 4/2003 Zielinski ........ ... 514,452 Russell Moon, Dallas, TX (US); 2004/0037860 A1 2/2004 Maillon ...... ... 424/401 Edward P. Allen, Dallas, TX (US) 2004/0091589 A1 5, 2004 Roy et al. ... 426,265 s s 2004/0224004 A1 1 1/2004 Zielinski ..... ... 424/442 2005/0032882 A1 2/2005 Chen ............................. 514,456 (73) Assignee: Perio Sciences, LLC, Dallas, TX (US) 2005, 0137205 A1 6, 2005 Van Breen ..... 514,252.12 2005. O154054 A1 7/2005 Zielinski et al. ............. 514,474 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 2005/0271692 Al 12/2005 Gervasio-Nugent patent is extended or adjusted under 35 et al. ............................. 424/401 2006/0173065 A1 8/2006 BeZwada ...................... 514,419 U.S.C. 154(b) by 19 days. 2006/O193790 A1 8/2006 Doyle et al. -
CO2 Derivatives of Molecular Tin Compounds. Part 1: † Hemicarbonato and Carbonato Complexes
inorganics Review CO2 Derivatives of Molecular Tin Compounds. Part 1: y Hemicarbonato and Carbonato Complexes Laurent Plasseraud Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l’Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), UMR-CNRS 6302, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9 avenue A. Savary, F-21078 Dijon, France; [email protected] Paper dedicated to Professor Georg Süss-Fink on the occasion of his 70th birthday. y Received: 31 March 2020; Accepted: 24 April 2020; Published: 29 April 2020 Abstract: This review focuses on organotin compounds bearing hemicarbonate and carbonate ligands, and whose molecular structures have been previously resolved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Most of them were isolated within the framework of studies devoted to the reactivity of tin precursors with carbon dioxide at atmospheric or elevated pressure. Alternatively, and essentially for the preparation of some carbonato derivatives, inorganic carbonate salts such as K2CO3, Cs2CO3, Na2CO3 and NaHCO3 were also used as coreagents. In terms of the number of X-ray structures, carbonate compounds are the most widely represented (to date, there are 23 depositions in the Cambridge Structural Database), while hemicarbonate derivatives are rarer; only three have so far been characterized in the solid-state, and exclusively for diorganotin complexes. For each compound, the synthesis conditions are first specified. Structural aspects involving, in particular, the modes of coordination of the hemicarbonato and carbonato moieties and the coordination geometry around tin are then described and illustrated (for most cases) by showing molecular representations. Moreover, when they were available in the original reports, some characteristic spectroscopic data are also given for comparison (in table form). -
A Month at BASF Fathi Habashi
Laval University From the SelectedWorks of Fathi Habashi August, 2019 A Month at BASF Fathi Habashi Available at: https://works.bepress.com/fathi_habashi/421/ A Month at BASF Introduction While working as a chemist in the Municipality of Alexandria and at the same time as a graduate student at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Alexandria, I spent my holidays in Europe. In May 1955 I visited the ACHEMA exhibition in Frankfurt am Main and participated in the technical visits organized by the conference. One of these visits was at the Badische Anilin- und Soda Fabrik known as BASF at Ludwigshafen. During the visit, I learned that the company invited graduate students from all over the world to a four weeks short course. I applied for this course. In 1957 I moved to the Faculty of Chemistry at the Technische Hochschule in Vienna and to my surprise I received the BASF invitation. It was sent to me to Alexandria and somehow it was directed to me to Vienna. As a result, September 1957 was to be spent as a guest of BASF. Ludwigshafen and BASF In 1844 Ludwig I King of Bavaria constructed an urban area on the Rhine on the opposite bank of Mannheim which became Ludwigshafen. The prosperity of Ludwigshafen is due to BASF. The company started as a Gas Works in 1861 in Mannheim by Friedrich Engelhorn (1821-1902) for street lighting for the town. Map showing the River Rhine, Mannheim on the right and Ludwigshafen and Oppau on the left The lower part of the River Rhine with some of its tributaries: Main and Neckar Friedrich Engelhorn (1821-1902) The gas works produced large amounts of tar as a byproduct which created a problem. -
Of Grignard Reagent Formation. the Surface Nature of the Reaction
286 Ace. Chem. Res. 1990,23, 286-293 Mechanism of Grignard Reagent Formation. The Surface Nature of the Reaction H. M. WALBORSKY Dittmer Laboratory of Chemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306 Received February 23, 1990 (Revised Manuscript Received May 7, 1990) The reaction of organic halides (Br, C1, I) with mag- Scheme I nesium metal to yield what is referred to today as a Kharasch-Reinmuth Mechanism for Grignard Reagent Grignard reagent has been known since the turn of the Formation century,' The name derives from its discoverer, Nobel (1)(Mg0)AMg*)2y + RX 4 [(M~'~(MQ')~~-,('MQX)+ R.] + laureate Victor Grignard. How this reagent is formed, (Mgo)x-2(MQ')2~MgX)(MgR) that is, how a magnesium atom is inserted into a car- bon-halogen bond, is the subject of this Account. ('4 (Ms0),-*(M9')2~MgX)(MgR) + + (Mg0)x-dMg*)2y+2 + 2RMgX RX + Mg - RMgX Kharasch and Reinmuth,, persuaded by the work of late under the same conditions gave Itl = 6.2 X s-l. Another system that meets the above criterion is the Gomberg and Bachmad as well as by product analyses of many Grignard formation reactions that existed in vinyl system. The lack of reactivity of vinyl halides toward SN1reactions is well-known and is exemplified the literature prior to 1954,speculated that the reaction involved radicals and that the radical reactions might by the low solvolysis rate of 2-propenyl triflate5 in 80% involve "surface adherent radicals, at least in part". The ethanol at 25 OC, kl being 9.8 X s-l. -
USP Statement on Validation of DNA Test Methods for Regulating the Quality of Herbal Supplements
USP Statement on Validation of DNA Test Methods for Regulating the Quality of Herbal Supplements U.S. PHARMACOPEIAL CONVENTION The United States Pharmacopeial Convention Urges Scientific Validation of DNA Test Methods for Regulating the Quality of Herbal Supplements (Rockville, MD – April 16, 2015) – In response to an agreement announced between the New York State Attorney General (NYAG) and GNC Holdings, Inc. (GNC) the United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP), an independent, science based, standards setting organization and publishers of the United States Pharmacopeia-National Formulary (USP-NF), an official compendia of quality standards for dietary supplements sold in the U.S., issued the following statement: Statement by Gabriel Giancaspro, PhD – Vice President –Foods, Dietary Supplement and Herbal Medicines United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) “As a science-based standards-setting organization, the United States Pharmacopeial Convention (USP) has a keen interest in adopting emerging technologies to ensure the test methods and quality standards included in the United States Pharmacopeia-National Formulary (USP-NF) are current and reflect the state of the industry. DNA testing including DNA Barcoding, is just one example of a technology that has been recently added to the USP-NF. As of December 2014, DNA-based identification methods are included in the official USP chapter <563> Identification of Articles of Botanical Origin. However, this method is not yet referenced in a USP-NF monograph (quality standard) for a specific ingredient or product. That is because USP quality standards are specific for each ingredient, product and dosage form and the standards we develop include only those test methods that have been scientifically validated and shown to be fit for purpose. -
Structure Assignment and H/D-Exchange Behavior of Several Glycosylated Polyphenols Andreas H
University of the Pacific Scholarly Commons College of the Pacific aF culty Articles All Faculty Scholarship 1-1-2014 Structure assignment and H/D-exchange behavior of several glycosylated polyphenols Andreas H. Franz University of the Pacific, [email protected] Ilona Serebnitskaya University of the Pacific Gurbir Gudial University of the Pacific Christopher Wallis San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/cop-facarticles Part of the Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Franz, A. H., Serebnitskaya, I., Gudial, G., & Wallis, C. (2014). Structure assignment and H/D-exchange behavior of several glycosylated polyphenols. ARKIVOC, 2014(5), 1–29. DOI: 10.3998/ark.5550190.p008.583 https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/cop-facarticles/143 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the All Faculty Scholarship at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in College of the Pacific aF culty Articles by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. General Papers ARKIVOC 2014 (v) 94-122 Structure assignment and H/D-exchange behavior of several glycosylated polyphenols Andreas H. Franz,a* Ilona Serebnitskaya,a Gurbir Gudial,a and Christopher Wallisb a Department of Chemistry, University of the Pacific, 3601 Pacific Avenue, Stockton, CA 95211, USA b Crop Diseases, Pests, and Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 S. Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648, USA E-mail: [email protected] DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3998/ark.5550190.p008.583 Abstract The NMR-structures of six polyphenols, resveratrol (1), (-)-epicatechin (2), pelargonidin chloride (3), cyanidin chloride (4), cyanin chloride (5), and keracyanin chloride (6), were fully assigned. -
The One Story and the Four Ways of Telling
The One Story and the Four Ways of Telling: The relationship between New Zealand literary autobiography and spiritual autobiography. A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Masters of Arts in English in the University of Canterbury DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH UN!VEf,SITY OF c,wrrnmnw By CHRISTCHURCH, N.Z. Emily Jane Faith University of Canterbury 2001 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank everyone who has given various forms of support during this two year production. Thanks especially to my Mum and Dad and my brother Nick, Dylan, my friends, and my office-mates in Room 320. Somewhere between lunch, afternoon tea, and the gym, it finally got done! A special mention is due to my supervisor Patrick Evans for his faith in me throughout. The first part of my title is based on Lawrence Jones' a1iicle 'The One Story, the Two Ways of Telling, and the Three Perspectives', in Ariel 16:4 (October 1985): 127-50. CONTENTS Abst1·act ................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 2 I. A brief history of a brief history: New Zealand literary autobiography (and biography) ................................................................................ 2 II. The aims and procedures of this thesis ................................................... 9 III. Spiritual autobiography: the epiphany ................................................. -
Why Don't Inventors Patent?
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES WHY DON'T INVENTORS PATENT? Petra Moser Working Paper 13294 http://www.nber.org/papers/w13294 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 August 2007 I wish to thank Ran Abramitzky, Tim Bresnahan, Latika Chaudhary, Avner Greif, Eric Hilt, Zorina Khan, Ken Sokoloff, and Peter Temin, as well as seminar participants at Berkeley, Boulder, MIT, Pisa, Stanford, Texas Law, and UCLA for helpful comments and the Hoover Institution for generous financial support through the National Fellows Program. Jon Casto, Irina Tallis, Alessandra Voena, and Anne Yeung provided excellent research assistance. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. © 2007 by Petra Moser. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Why Don't Inventors Patent? Petra Moser NBER Working Paper No. 13294 August 2007 JEL No. D02,D21,D23,D62,K0,L1,L5,N0,N2,N21,N23,O3,O31,O34,O38 ABSTRACT This paper argues that the ability to keep innovations secret may be a key determinant of patenting. To test this hypothesis, the paper examines a newly-collected data set of more than 7,000 American and British innovations at four world's fairs between 1851 and 1915. Exhibition data show that the industry where an innovation is made is the single most important determinant of patenting. Urbanization, high innovative quality, and low costs of patenting also encourage patenting, but these influences are small compared with industry effects. -
Submitted to the Requirements For
THE SYNTIIE$IS OP C LABELLED 2, 4-DICI LOROi-EENOÇYAGETIC ACID by ERNEST GEORGE AWORSKI A THESIS submitted to OREGON STA1 COLLEGE in partial fulfillment or the requirements for the degree of MAS2R 0F SCIENCE June 1950 PROVED: professor ot Clie'thlstry Department In Charge of Major Head of Department of' Chemistry Chairman of School Graduate Conimittee Dean of Graduate School Date thesis is presented Typed by Clara Homyar ACNOWLEDGMNTS The author wishes to express his appreciation to Dr. oseph S. Butts for his eneouragem.ent and generous direction in r4laking this work possible. Grateful aoknowledgnient is given to Dr. Albert V. Logan for his assistance in methodical diff i- culties. This research project was supported by an Atoniic inergy Commission grant carried under Navy contract N7-onr-3 7602. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. INTRODUCTION I II. STNTHESI OF ALPHA METH'LENB LABELLED2,14-D . , * 4 A. Apparatus ......*,*., B Method . 7 C. Analysis and }hysica1 Constants 3.7 In. StfliSIs OF C CABBOXTh LABELLED 2LD 19 A. Apparatus . 19 B )kethoc3. , , , , , 23. C. Analysis and PhjsLoa3. Constants 26 Iv DISCUSSION . , , . , , V. SUL2&RY . e e . 30 LTTERATUREOITED .......... 31 I1N1)I. 3 2 THE SYNTHESIS OF C LABELLED 2, 4-DICHLOROHENOXThCETIC ACID I. INTRODUCTION The synthesis or C labelled 2,4-dichlorophen- oxyacetic acid (hereafter referred to as 2,4V-D) was undertaken In order to study the process by which lt exerts its selective herbicidal effect on soiae noxious plants. Should this method prove fruitful, it would be useful for a more systematic approach to the study of ooitounds having potential herbicidal properties. -
Curcumin in Autoimmune and Rheumatic Diseases
nutrients Review Curcumin in Autoimmune and Rheumatic Diseases Melissa Yang, Umair Akbar and Chandra Mohan * Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, 3517 Cullen Blvd, Room 2004, Houston, TX 77204, USA; [email protected] (M.Y.); [email protected] (U.A.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: 713-743-3709 Received: 29 March 2019; Accepted: 24 April 2019; Published: 2 May 2019 Abstract: Over recent decades, many clinical trials on curcumin supplementation have been conducted on various autoimmune diseases including osteoarthritis, type 2 diabetes, and ulcerative colitis patients. This review attempts to summarize the highlights from these clinical trials. The efficacy of curcumin either alone or in conjunction with existing treatment was evaluated. Sixteen clinical trials have been conducted in osteoarthritis, 14 of which yielded significant improvements in multiple disease parameters. Eight trials have been conducted in type 2 diabetes, all yielding significant improvement in clinical or laboratory outcomes. Three trials were in ulcerative colitis, two of which yielded significant improvement in at least one clinical outcome. Additionally, two clinical trials on rheumatoid arthritis, one clinical trial on lupus nephritis, and two clinical trials on multiple sclerosis resulted in inconclusive results. Longer duration, larger cohort size, and multiple dosage arm trials are warranted to establish the long term benefits of curcumin supplementation. Multiple mechanisms of action of curcumin on these diseases have been researched, including the modulation of the eicosanoid pathway towards a more anti-inflammatory pathway, and the modulation of serum lipid levels towards a favorable profile. Overall, curcumin supplementation emerges as an effective therapeutic agent with minimal-to-no side effects, which can be added in conjunction to current standard of care.