Buffer Replacement Considerations

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Buffer Replacement Considerations John Butler NEI Buffer Replacement Replacement of buffers considered as one means to minimize precipitant impact of strainer headloss Buffer Candidates 1. Liquid Systems- a) Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) b) NaOH at reduced concentration (2.5% vice current 10%) c) Sodium Metaborate (NaMB) 2. Granular Systems- a) Trisodium Phosphate crystalline b) Sodium Tetraborate (NaTB) crystalline Lead Replacement Strategies Three primary replacement strategies – Replace TSP with NaTB – Replace NaOH with NaTB – Replace NaOH with TSP All three buffer materials are currently installed and in use at PWRs Role of Buffers in Design Bases Radiological Dose Control – pH > 7 Inhibition of Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic stainless steel – Long term environmental control – pH > 7 Functional Considerations System Design Radiological Consequences Equipment Environmental Qualification Hydrogen Generation Corrosion Control Plant Operation Plant Documentation Evaluation of Alternatives WCAP-16596-NP Identify buffer alternative and TSP, NaOH, NaTB delivery method Liquid, granular Evaluate impact Chemical Precipitant Model on chemical precipitant Containment Inventory formation pH adjustment to > 7 delivery and distribution Design/Functional corrosion inhibition Evaluation boric acid solubility environmental qualification profile Hydrogen generation Analyses to Support Buffer Replacement LAR Buffer provides pH adjustment to > 7 Comparable or better delivery and distribution Comparable or better corrosion inhibition characteristics for ferritic/austinitic structures Comparable or better impact on boric acid solubility Buffering characteristics within equipment environmental qualification profile Address changes in Hydrogen generation resulting from pH changes Analyses to Support GSI-191 Resolution Technical basis demonstrates head loss, including chemical effects considerations, is less than available pump net positive suction head Any chemical effects on downstream components do not compromise long term core cooling Industry Buffer Replacements OPPD Buffer Replacement – LAR to replace TSP with NaTB submitted August 21, 2006 – SER and approval for one cycle issued November 13, 2006 Buffer replacements being actively considered by approximately 11 sites.

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Safety Data Sheet
SAFETY DATA SHEET According to JIS Z 7253:2019 Revision Date 18-Aug-2020 Version 3.02 Section 1: PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product name Sodium Metaborate Tetrahydrate Product code 198-02395 Manufacturer FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation 1-2 Doshomachi 3-Chome Chuo-ku, Osaka 540-8605, Japan Phone: +81-6-6203-3741 Fax: +81-6-6203-5964 Supplier FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical Corporation 1-2 Doshomachi 3-Chome, Chuo-ku, Osaka 540-8605, Japan Phone: +81-6-6203-3741 Fax: +81-6-6203-2029 Emergency telephone number +81-6-6203-3741 / +81-3-3270-8571 Recommended uses and For research purposes restrictions on use Section 2: HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION GHS classification Classification of the substance or mixture Skin corrosion/irritation Category 2 Serious eye damage/eye irritation Category 2A Specific target organ toxicity (single exposure) Category 3 Category 3 Respiratory tract irritation Pictograms Signal word Warning Hazard statements H315 - Causes skin irritation H319 - Causes serious eye irritation H335 - May cause respiratory irritation Precautionary statements-(Prevention) • Wash face, hands and any exposed skin thoroughly after handling • Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection • Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapors/spray • Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area Precautionary statements-(Response) • IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. • If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/attention. • IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water • If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention • Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse __________________________________________________________________________________________ Page 1 / 6 W01W0119-0239 JGHEEN Sodium Metaborate Tetrahydrate Revision Date 18-Aug-2020 __________________________________________________________________________________________ • IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
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ELECTROCHEMICAL RECYCLING OF SODIUM BOROHYDRTDE FOR HYDROGEN STORAGE: PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SODIUM METABORATE SOLUTIONS. by Caroline R. Cloutier B. A. Sc., The University of Ottawa, 1999 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF APPLIED SCIENCE m THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES (Materials Engineering) THE UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA July 2006 © Caroline R. Cloutier, 2006 ABSTRACT The large-scale adoption of a "hydrogen economy" is hindered by the lack of a practical storage method and concerns associated with its safe handling. Chemical hydrides have the potential to address these concerns. Sodium borohydride (sodium tetrahydroborate, NaBH4), is the most attractive chemical hydride for H2 generation and storage in automotive fuel cell applications but recycling from sodium metaborate (NaB02) is difficult and costly. An electrochemical regeneration process could represent an economically feasible and environmentally friendly solution. In this thesis, the properties of diluted NaB02 aqueous solutions and concentrated NaB02 alkaline aqueous solutions that are necessary for the development of electrochemical recycling methods have been studied. The conductivity and viscosity of dilute aqueous solutions of NaB02 were measured as a function of concentration at 25°C. Also, the solubility, pH, density, conductivity and viscosity of the filtrate of saturated aqueous NaB02 solutions containing varying weight percentages (1, 2, 3, 5, 7.5 and 10 wt%) of alkali hydroxides (NaOH, KOH and LiOH) were evaluated at 25°C. Selected experiments were repeated at 50 and 75°C to investigate the effect of temperature on the NaB02 alkaline aqueous solution solubility and physicochemical properties. Preliminary experiments to investigate the effect of glycine (C2H5N02), the smallest amino acid, on the solubility and physicochemical properties of NaB02 alkaline aqueous solutions were conducted at 25°C.
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Sodium Metaborate, Tetrahydrate
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A Recycling Hydrogen Supply System of Nabh4 Based on a Facile Regeneration Process: a Review
inorganics Review A Recycling Hydrogen Supply System of NaBH4 Based on a Facile Regeneration Process: A Review Liuzhang Ouyang 1,2,3, Hao Zhong 1,2, Hai-Wen Li 4,* ID and Min Zhu 1,2,* 1 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; [email protected] (L.O.); [email protected] (H.Z.) 2 China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Energy & Environmental Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China 3 Key Laboratory for Fuel Cell Technology in Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510641, China 4 Kyushu University Platform of Inter/Transdisciplinary Energy Research, International Research Center for Hydrogen Energy and International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan * Correspondence: [email protected] (H.-W.L.); [email protected] (M.Z.) Received: 24 October 2017; Accepted: 5 January 2018; Published: 6 January 2018 Abstract: NaBH4 hydrolysis can generate pure hydrogen on demand at room temperature, but suffers from the difﬁcult regeneration for practical application. In this work, we overview the state-of-the-art progress on the regeneration of NaBH4 from anhydrous or hydrated NaBO2 that is a byproduct of NaBH4 hydrolysis. The anhydrous NaBO2 can be regenerated effectively by MgH2, whereas the production of MgH2 from Mg requires high temperature to overcome the sluggish hydrogenation kinetics. Compared to that of anhydrous NaBO2, using the direct hydrolysis byproduct of hydrated NaBO2 as the starting material for regeneration exhibits signiﬁcant advantages, i.e., omission of the high-temperature drying process to produce anhydrous NaBO2 and the water included can react with chemicals like Mg or Mg2Si to provide hydrogen.
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