Published Weekly George Horace Lorimer EDITOR The Curtis Publishing Churchill Williams, E S. Bigelow. THE SETURDRY A.W. Neal!. Arthur Mc lieogh, Company H. D. Walker, E. Dinsmore, Cyrus H. K. Curtis, President Associate Editors C.11. Ludington, Vice-President and Treasurer Walter H. Dower. Art Editor P. S. Collins. General Business Manager Walter D. Fuller. Secretary EVENING POST Entered as Second-Clasa Matter.November15. William Boyd. Advertising Director 1879. at the Post Office at . Independence Square, Philadelphia Founded A9D1 1728 by Benj.Franklin Under the Act of March 3.1879 London. 6. Henrietta Street Entered as Second-Class Matter at the Covent Garden.W. C. Copyright. 1919, by the Curtis Publishing Company in the United States and Great Britain Post-Office Department. Ottawa. Canada

THE COPY $2.on THE YEAR Volume 192 55c, in Canada PHIERDELPHLR, DECEMBER 27, 1919 by Subscription Number 26

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HAT some readjustment his abilities and character en- of our industfial and eco- title him—is itself the negation nomic relations is neces- of class. Human beings are not Tsary needs no argument, equal in these qualities, but a for the world is seething with society that is based upon a the problem. If any evidence constant readjustment of the were needed the coal strike, in relative influence and rewards its stoppage of critical produc- of individuals in the commu- tion and the ultimate suffering nity, upon the basis of ability that will follow, is sufficient. and character, is a moving, Moreover, the attempt to solve virile mass—it is not a stratifi- great human and economic cation of classes. Its stimulus problems by governmental use is competition. of the courts instead of seeking solution from the legislatures National Welfare is indeed further evidence of need for careful thinking. TT IS the essence of democ- The problems are difficult racy that progress of the enough in themselves. They mass must rise from progress are great tangled skeins that do of the individual. It is the not lend themselves to the dis- only road to a higher civiliza- solving influence of any simple tion. Its conception of the state formula. They cannot be ap- is of one that, representative of proached in the single aspect all the citizens, will in the region of the relations of the worker of economic activities limit it- to the employer, for they in- self in the main to the preven- volve intricate problems of tion of economic domination social economics in the stimula- of the few over the many. It tion of effort and intelligence, is true that our Government in the ejimination of waste, the these latter particulars some- better distribution of wealth, times lags behind the fertile the control of speculation, economic inventiveness and extravagance, checks to domi- greed of some of our citizens, nation of groups, and the pro- and it requires constant prog- gressive development of ress in legislation and enforce- government to keep pace with ment to keep pace with them. the economic ingenuity of our On the whole, however, it has citizens. moved surely in its corrective influence, and our institutions The Melting Pot have demonstrated themselves capable of meeting their tasks. E ARE doubly afflicted, This dominant idea of estab- Wnot only by the problems lishing and preserving an equal- themselves but by the injection ity of opportunity has during into them of phrase makers and these one hundred and fifty dreamers of everything outside years carried us on a far differ- common sense. The world is ent road of social and political aflame with attempts to im- ideals from that in Europe. We pose new philosophies upon have no frozen class distinc- social and economic life. These tions. We have developed a new philosophic ideas are all of COPYRIGHT ST UNDERWOOD • UNDERWOOD STUDIO, NEW YORK CITY far better distribution of neces- European origin. They are the sities, comforts and wealth than creation of intellectual dilet- any other place in the world. tanti—the parlor operators of We have a willingness to abide the past fifty years. They rise by the will of the majority, a from cogitation over the worst social systems of Europe, whose prime basis is a division sense of neighborly obligation and a higher sense of justice, of self-sacrifice and of of the population into rigid classes, the lower ones steeped in centuries of misery and public conscience; and out of these we have certainty of ultimate solutions. For all I exploitation from which there is but little escape, regardless of abilities. Thus, in parts know, it may be necessary to have revolutions in some places in Europe in order to of Europe these theories feed op righteous discontent, are fertilized by injustice, and bring about these things, but it does not follow that such philosophies have any place their practical application is murder, flame, loss of production and subsequent starva- with us. Our plan does not enable us to take our neighbor's home overnight, but it does tion. These disintegrating forces have to a minor degree penetrated our national soil, enable us to build one of our own. and in our soil they find their major adherents among the ignorant immigrants, who I am one of the adherents of this American philosophy from a conviction that only have not yet heard of our institutions or will not in one generation understand them along this line lie the moral and physical welfare of this nation and its usefulness in anyway. Our vaunted melting pot requires the flux of a generation in our common schools. regenerating the rest of the world. Adherence to this idea, however, requires some The United States has been for one hundred and fifty years steadily developing a militancy against imported social diseases that tend to infect it; and, of more impor- social philosophy of its own. This philosophy has stood this period of test in the fire tance, it requires a jealous care that with our advancing economic development the state of common sense; it is in substance that there should be an equality of opportunity— should also advance in its safeguards against domination—that is, in the preservation an equal chance—to every citizen. This view—that every individual should within his of our fundamental ideal of equality and opportunity. Latterly, with the growth of lifetime not be handicapped in securing that particular niche in the community to which large units of industry, the loss of the old mutual responsibilities of employed and 3 4 THE SATURDAY EVENING POST December 27, 1919

employer, the import of many ill-digested foreigners, and That the standard of living is the direct quotient of the and improvement in many of our tools of production entail generally out of contact with Europe, we have given class amount of commodities and services that are available large risks in possible loss of savings or delay in returns terms to purely economic meanings, with much super- among the total population. Therefore the standard can- from labor. The major impulse to such activities must ficiality. The assumption of class distinctions between not be maintained or improved unless there is a main- be the hope of unusual returns. In the dream state we labor, capital and the public is a foolish creation of false tenance and .increase in the production of commodities should provide an exact proportion of the total production class consciousness and is building for us the very same and services up to the maximum need of the entire num- to each member, corresponding to his effort, economies, kind of foundations upon which Europe rocks to-day. All ber. There is no equality of opportunity to the consumer ability, character and risk. We should divide the ownership panaceas of Socialism, Syndicalism, Communism, Capi- with deficient production. The maximum production of the accumulated tools of production and their annual talism or any other "isms" are based on the hypothesis cannot be maintained unless there is combined and accretion by the same rule. No such ideal will ever be that class division necessarily exists in the United States, coordinated action in effort, intelligence and skill of all attained short of the millennium—but we can provide and thence they launch into logical deductions after the elements in production, whether workers, tools or man- safeguards that will constantly re-create the offer of an acceptance of this false premise. ager; unless there is an elimination of waste, whether it equality of opportunity to possess them with the revolu- When all is said and done, labor, whether with hand or be due to the support of nonproducers, oversized armies tion of time. mind, is the only excuse for membership in the community. and navies, to extravagance, strikes, lockouts or lack of Capital is nothing but the savings of the nation, repre- skill in either labor or administrators; unless every mem- National Consciousness and Public Opinion sented by tools of production and service, whether it be ber of the community works up to his maximum abilities land, factories, homes, railways or schools; its managers and ceases to agitate for a reduction in effort below his OME members of the community may temporarily get are laborers themselves and must be sifted out by compe- real capacity, for there is no equality of opportunity if S more than their deserts. This illegitimate division of the tition in accord with their intelligence, skill and character. some are to work six hours and others twelve hours; surplus is the real quarrel of the community. The surplus Capital is not money, for money is nothing but the token unless the physical, moral and intellectual welfare of the itself is not an unlimited amount. It is so small a propor- by which we barter goods and services. There is no quarrel producer is properly safeguarded as to hours, conditions tion of our production that it is entirely possible to stifle with capital itself ; the quarrel is over the distribution of of labor, opportunities of education, and so forth. the increase of capital by overpayment of wages; or to its ownership and the profits that rise from it. That the human animal labors under the major impulse stifle labor by too great profits to capital; either extreme If we are to consider industrial problems it is not enough of securing for himself a direct share in consumption of will ultimately curtail production or savings—and bring to have an understanding or an acceptance of a social commodities and services, either to-day or in savings for old misery upon the whole of us. Balances can be maintained philosophy and a social ideal. We must also have an age and protection of his dependents after death. His which will correct the distribution of this surplus. understanding of the economic factors that make for prog- minor impulse is the joy of craftsmanship and a spirit Outside of European "isms," all of which transgress ress and the safeguards of such a philosophy. Nor can of service to the community. Socialism will be possible these primary principles, a number of definite policies economic forces be divorced from social forces, for the when in the dim future the latter becomes the dominant have been put forward these past few years for the further human animal is human, and the "economic man" of the impulse—and then it won't be necessary. improvement of our industrial relations. Such policies old economists has not yet been discovered. That the development and selection of abilities and must stand not only the test of their bearings upon the character for leadership, direction and invention in indus- equality of opportunity and the economic principles that Some Basic Propositions try cannot be obtained by the benevolent state—or the safeguard it but also must stand practical application in politician. The infinite variety of hand and brain can find this complex social organism of ours. These policies do not HERE are a few propositions of mixed social and eco- its maximum development, equality of opportunity and all depend upon governmental action for their consum- Tnomic character bearing upon present problems that, position only through the fire of competition. mation. A large part of our national accomplishment though many of them are as old as our country, are yet That capital is constituted solely of the savings of the comes through provision for the expression of the national pertinent to these times and useful to reiterate when the community, dead or alive, above its daily consumption, conscience in expressed public opinion—a corrective at attraction of economic novelties tends to divert us from and these savings are represented in the main by the tools times more potent than a policeman, and always more the foundations of experience. I believe these propositions for production and service, together with the stock of constructive. In reviewing a few of these policies below may be summarized as follows: That the object of all consumable goods on hand. Production'cannot be increased I am not here advocating them but attempting to analyze national economic policy must be to maintain and improve without an increase in capital, and an increase in capital their bearing upon the principles for which I contend. The the standard of living of the whole population. Upon this depends upon our rate of savings. The major impulse to possibility and degree of their application must be thrashed enhanced standard only can the higher opportunities of savings is their future earning power—their yield of inter- out by debate of the whole people and ofttimes by tenta- life be built. Living entails not only necessaries but also est. Without this stimulus the tools of production and tive experiment. luxuries, in the sense of greater comforts of life. service will not be maintained or increased. Increase (Continued on Page 145)

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• ME N IC,N COMMITTEE EOM PEL1Ei iN OE,,Io FRO o rtitli,, ,1,10, t.■ I COMMITTEE POR RELIEF IN BELGIUM Front Row, Left to Right — U. S. Consul General Skinner, Seller Don Nicaslo Jauralde (Bank of Spain, London), Seior Don Jost; Coagosto (Spanish Consul General, London), H. E. The Spanish Ambassador, Herbert Hoover (Chairman), H. Z. The American Ambassador, H. E. The Belgian Minister, Chevalier E. Carton de Wiart (Delegate of the Belgian G eeeee ment), Colonel Millard Hunsiker (Vice Chairman) Back Row —W. G. Guthrie /Shipping), W. A. M. Goode (British Committee), G. Harland (Shipping), F. Haegler (Banque Beige Pour L'Etranger), Clarence Graff (Who Acted as H Tress 1, Edgar Sengier (Rep n tative of the Comia National de Beige), E. R. Harvey (Harvey, ?Hader 4. Co.). John Beaver White (Head of Purchasing and Shipping), J. W. Dickson (Warehousing), Millard Skater (Honorary Secretary), Edgar Rickard (Executive Committee) THE SATURDAY EVENING POST 145 SO g E OYES N INDUST L JUSTMENT (Continued from Page 4) TRADE-UNIONS. The organization of favoritism is promotion by seniority. Thus, workers to better the conditions of labor as the prime interest of the employee is is undoubtedly a safeguard of equality of never to jeopardize this certainty of pro- opportunity and in accord with basic princi- motion by risk in initiative, so there is an ples. The essence of combination of workers extinction of opportunity for extra ability is collective bargaining, and the recogni- and character that deadens the efficiency of tion of the right to combine cannot be the whole. Every attempt at national- separated from the right to bargain collec- ization yet, including our own, has resulted tively. Nor can the principle be accepted in decreased production or inefficiency, and whole-heartedly withoutthe recognition the world has no margins for decrease if it of the right of combinations to call men would maintain its populations. experienced in the problems of labor and It does not follow, however, from pri- skilled in negotiation to assist in such vate ownership, that such enterprises bargaining. But every form of combina- should be allowed to dominate the com- tion, whether it be of mechanics, farmers, munity; they must be held in control by professional men or managers of capital, can the Government to see that they serve be used for domination of the community. the community and do not violate the It must be obvious that when such combi- fundamental principles of equality. nation is used to dictate social and political PLANS FOR BETTER DISTRIBUTION OF Once Over Does the Trick Rain or Snow measures to the community it is violating WEALTH. The price we must pay for the the foundations of rule by the majority invaluable principle that stimulation of the Scientifically Perfect Its in the Fe t" through representative institutions. When initiative, ability and character of the indi- it is used to limit effort in individual work- vidual requires free play in compensation is ers, to paralyze the right of others to work, that some persons will gain much more than to produce suffering over other sections of their service to the community warrants. The Cleaner with the Chemical Pads the community—it is at once a violation of The atrocity of such accumulations out of The Presto-Felt Windshield Cleaner consists of two chemically-treated felt community rights and a negation of equal- the misery of a nation at war is unbearable. pads—one on each side of the glass—which operate together. One cleans the water from the outside of the windshield while the other keeps the inside of the glass ity of opportunity. Moreover, the laws of the country already free from dust or moisture. Thus, one operation The line between right and wrong is diffi- recognize that unrestricted bequest pre- Cleans Both Sides at Same Time, and Cleans to Stay Clean. cult to draw, and the national common vents an equality of opportunity. Often As the Windshield becomes thoroughly wet and is then wiped with the Presto- Felt Cleaner, the chemical from the pads causes the rain to flatten" out as it sense is the instrument that will ultimately enough inherited economic power is mis- strikes the glass, leaving a clear, smooth surface through which the driver can get determine it. To enable this to function it used. The line between the amounts needed a clear view ahead. No "beads" of rain to obstruct the view—that blindfolded effect is entirely eliminated. And best of all, one cleaning lasts throughout any rain has been proposed that when the trade- to stimulate initiative and ability and the or snow. No need to be continually operating the Cleaner. It cleans to stay clean. union membership of industries the con- amounts of flagrant excess for services given Holders are made of high quality, oil Fits Tight—Can't Rattle. tempered spring steel which insures a tinuous operation of which is vital to is as hard to draw as the line in control of positive pressure and uniform tension. This prevents cleaner from becoming loose, national life—such as coal, transportation, combinations. The amount of such illegiti- rattling or dropping down in line of vision. ON SALE AT ALL DEALERS'. PRICE $2.00 and so forth—becomes so large as to en- mate accumulations is often overestimated, t Look If your dealer does not handle Presto-Felt Cleaners, danger the community interest by strikes for a rough approximation of the income- send $2.00 direct, giving your dealer's name. Accept no for this Display Stand substitutes—no "just as good" article. Insist on getting or lockouts, then contentions should be tax returns would indicate that the total 2 HOW IT IS ATTACHED: in your Dealer's Win- t he genuine Presto-Felt, "The Cleaner with the Chemical income of millionaires would upon general 1 Clamps Over Top of Frame glow or on his Counter. Pads." settled by compulsory arbitration without 2 Bolts Through the Frame strikes or lockouts; or, alternatively, they division amount to less than thirty-five dol- 3 Bolts Through the Glass Presto-Felt Mfg. Company should be delayed by law until some inde- lars per capita over the whole community. TOL1213(cretrl'ID"t/11121. A. pendent body can determine the rights and Nevertheless, there can be no equality of wrongs and give public opinion the oppor- opportunity if the ownership of the tools of tunity to exert pressure. It also proposed production and service is to become frozen SEND THESE BUILDING BOOKS Plan FUTURE HOMES Now that unions should be held liable in dam- to a narrow group of holders. with ECONOMY PLAITS— ages for the failure to fulfill contracts once The present inheritance, income and of CALIFORNIA STYLES THE S i t DAY entered upon. excess-profits taxes tend to a better dis- —noted tor comf ort, beauty and CONTROL OF CORPORATIONS. tribution of wealth. It has been proposed adaptability to any climate. The combi- "Representative Cal. Homes" EVEN OST nation of capital for larger unit production to extend these taxes in larger fortunes be- 50 Plans.$3750 to $11,000-01 An RN and distribution is in itself economically yond their mere purposes of revenue, to "The New Colonials" Pesuoial A accomplish better distribution and better 55 Plans,$3000to$20,000—$1. sound up to some point of expansion. "West Coast Bungalows" 60 Plans, $1800 to $4500—$1. It is not, however, sufficiently recognized equality of opportunity, thereby recovering AL OFFER. Send 42. for all 3 above books EE that overgrowth of such units leads them to to the community extravagant gains. SPECIand get book of 75 Special Plans, also Garage folder FR EE EXTRA—"Little Bungalows" 40 Plans, $750 to $3000-50 cu. bureaucratic administration and eventually The inheritance tax is theoretically a Money back if not satisfied Now offers $1.00 an hour for your renders them less efficient than smaller direct transfer of capital to income in the E. W. 13TELLWFIL & CO., Architects, 475 Calif. Bldg., Los Angeles spare time if you will serve as its units. From a social point of view the hands of the state, and thus might be criti- subscription representative. Insert moment they begin to dominate the com- cized as stifling the increase of capital. your name and address and mail this munity, either in wages or prices or pro- Practically this would be answered if the coupon to THE SATURDAY EVENING duction, or to prevent the growth of com- state applied such receipts to the extinc- SaveYourFeet From That Tired, Aching, Broken-Down Feeling POST, 634 Independence Square, petition, they are in flagrant violation of tion of national debt or to reproductive Jung's Arch Brace, just out, corrects your foot troubles. As- the primary principle of equality of oppor- expenditure in the improvement of the na- sists nature to overcome falling arch and foot-strain. Slips on Philadelphia, , for full over hose. Takes up no room in shoe. Fits the foot perfectly. tunity. As in labor combinations, the line tional properties in rivers, lands, and so on. Holds tiny bones of foot in natural, comfortable position. details. where danger to the community begins is Such a curative of unfair distribution of Strengthens and supports muscles. No ungainly humps. No leather pads. No metal plates. To insure er■ rntort and Name difficult to draw. Among other remedies it wealth is no violation of the economic or ease in walking or standing, use has been proposed to extend our antitrust social principles stated above. WAGS Street or R. F. D.— legislation so as to place the profits, prices The use of increase in income taxes to se- and wages of such concerns under govern- cure a better distribution of wealth breaks Altatt:Th' BEd Town_ Rrcomonended by Physicians. ment control the moment their outputs or itself down at a certain point because it dis- Made of specially prepared State _ service passes a certain percentage of na- courages initiative and effort more than rriP Everlastik". Guaranteed. tional or local production in their particu- does the use of inheritance taxes for such 5- rep Price $1 per pair, Money back FREE if not satisfied. Order today. Ask yourChiropodist.Physieion, Study at lar commodity or their proportion of service. purpose. Beyond a certain point in care of BOOR Shoe Dealer or Druggist, No better example exists of the power of dependents the human animal is chiefly in- THE GEORGE H. JUNO CO. LA Home our institutions than the Sherman Anti- terested in comfort in this life. Dept. S. P., Cincinnati, Ohio. Become a lawyer. Legally trained men win high positions and big success in business trust Law and the Interstate Commerce The use of excess-profits tax for this pur- and public life. Greater opportunities now Commission. For instance, the halt called pose or even for revenue—except as a war- than ever. Be a leader. Lawyers earn to the proclivities of the Standard Oil is emergency measure coupled with controlled $3,000 to $10,000 Annually DO YOU We guide you step by step. You can train often referred to in contempt of its results. prices—breaks down not only from the at home during spare time. We prepare you But since that weakness was treated there discouragement to initiative, but worse, for bar examination in any state. Money INTEND TO BUILD ? refunded according to our Guarantee Bond have grown a dozen new competitive oil because it stimulates rank waste and is in if dissatisfied. Degree of LL. B. conferred. Thousands of successful students enrolled. concerns of first magnitude, affording a the main passed on to the consumer and Low cost, easy terms. Fourteen-volume Law vast field of initiative to men who had no contributes to the high cost of living. ..1.4101111.1.,;rie"111 Library free if you enroll now. Get our valuable 110-page "Law equality of opportunity and could not have COOPERATION IN PRODUCTION BETWEEN Guide" and "Evidence" books free. Send for them—NOW, LaSalle Extension University, Dept. 1271-LA, Chicago developed one under this old domination. CAPITAL AND LABOR. The increase in size Moreover, the public opinion that now of industrial units has resulted in such a makes such proclivities impossible is also degree of specialization and consequent "How to Make Good" on the Job securing the distribution of those fortunes. repetition and in such remoteness of con- 919 ART PLAN BOOKS—" Modern Bungalows" A little "fighting book" written originally as letters to his son by ontaining plans and photos, interior and exterior a big self-made business man. Hardest-hitting business book we NATIONALIZATION OF INDUSTRY. Na- tact between the head managers and the f 75 new, artistic large and small bungalows. know. Learn "business thinking," "thrift," "ambition"--succem tionalization fails on the issues on which all employees as in a large degree to destroy 'Modern Homes"; 50 larger residences of dieting- qualities. Over 40,000 copies sold. Purchased in quantities for ion and beauty; many 2-story; all proved practical; distribution to workers by employers who are enthusiastic as to Socialism fails—that is, the destruction of the joy of craftsmanship and the mutual uited to any climate. Either book postpaid $1; its merits. Endorsed by keenest men in the big game. In cloth, the impulses which create efficiency either th $1.50. Send today; newest and best home Ideas prepaid, $1. Gift edition, boxed, $2. responsibility between employers and em- n America. SEE TOUR BOOKSELLER—TO-DAY or send to in employee or employer, and in the im- ployed that exist in smaller units. The URELIUS SWANSON CO., Building Department FLYNN PUBLISHING COMPANY pulse to initiative which is necessary for im- reconstitution of the cooperation in produc- 000 State Notional Bk. Bldg., Oklahoma City, Okla. Chicago, 30 No. LaSalle St. New York, 143 West 94th It. provement and extension. No scheme based tion and in craftsmanship has been at- on political appointment has yet developed tempted through various devices. Some of the ability to replace competition in its these are shop representation of the work- • BANKING BY MAIL AT 4% INTEREST selection of ability and character in man- ers, thus stimulating their interest and ISTANCE is no hindrance to saving money by mail at 4% interest agement, and no government under the giving a voice and cooperation in adminis- D with this large, safe bank, which has been conducting a conserv- pressure of local political influences can tration; by sharing profits; and with greater ative savings bank business for over 50 years. No matter where you properly conduct the risks of initiating ex- success by giving a participation in savings live—send today for a copy of our interesting booklet "M." tension and improvement. No student of from decreased costs of production and in- THE CITIZENS SAVINGS & TRUST CO. government bureaucracies fails to find that crease in quality. All such plans must vary C. LE. V E N 0, 0 Di I O. 65 C.APITALL SURPLUS $8,000.000.00 in them the only safeguard against graft and with different industries and localities, for ASSETS OVER MILLION DOLLARS. I ti THE SATURDAY EVENING POST December 27,1919

there is no solving formula, but they are safeguards. For instance, the spread of na- obviously directly in line with the right tional employment agencies in the affording principle above mentioned so long as they of greater mobility to labor and decreas- are founded upon maintenance of the stand- ing unemployment would increase pro- YOUR QUESTION: ard wage and no attempt is made—as has duction. The use of children in labor, with resulted in the hands of unscrupulous em- its attendant racial damage and loss of ployers from piecework—to lower wages by education, is a most flagrant violation of scaling down from the most skilled instead equality of opportunity. How Can I Make More Money? of up from the least skilled. The present economic ills have a sup- If union labor would adopt the definite plementary characteristic: They are town gospel of maximum effort and skill of each phenomena as distinguished from the coun- individual worker and the sharing of its try phenomena; they are problems of large results with the employer, then the largest mining, manufacture, transportation and OUR ANSWER: part of the friction in obtaining its other distribution, as distinguished from agricul- objectives — conditions of labor, proper tural problems. The farmer possesses a hours, remuneration, and so forth—would direct interest in Ms production; in conse- disappear. It is possible for it to recreate quence he continues to produce at his Sell Us Your Spare Hours the whole spirit of craftsmanship by co- maximum while fhe other sections do not. operation to attain greater efficiency—and IT the other sections of the community to make greater gains for itself than any cease to produce to their waximum abili- Hundreds of thousands of extra dollars are earned every hitherto made. ties or to take an undue toll for their serv- year by the representatives of The Saturday Evening Post— CONTROL OF SPECULATION AND PROF- ices, then the farmer will be paying undue ITEERING. Certain speculative undertak- amounts for his supplies—he will be carry- The Ladies' Home Journal—. ings are necessary. For instance, our food ing an undue portion of the load of main- is produced within a few weeks and some- taining the standard of living. By the You are invited to share in the earnings. body must carry the risk in distribution wide distribution of land ownership the during the entire year. The initiation of farmers have grown to be the most stable You will find the work easy and pleasant, practically any tool of production or service and intelligent mass in this community, and, above all, profitable. is a speculation. On the other hand, the and the guardianship of their interest be- individual who injects himself into the nor- comes the first line of economic defense. It Commissions mal flow of commodities between the legiti- is worth reemphasis in any study of other On every subscription that you secure mate distinct stages of distribution is types of production that the farmer's activ- poaching on the community and returning ity and character are maintained because you will be paid a generous commission. no service for the toll he takes. Likewise, of his direct interest in his product. and equally injurious, is the individual who It will be observed that many of these Monthly Salary manufactures blue-sky paper or who dips projects and problems have the same gen- In addition you will be paid a monthly into the stock market for a rise in price of eral characteristic—that is, the difficulty Ellery Mahaffey salary, based on your production. This Lloyd Hall stocks; his toll also comes from the com- of finding the line between a basic position (Pennsylvania) (Nebraska) munity without return of service, and vio- of right and their development into the fla- $606.40 in 2 Months alone may run as high as $100.00 a month. $350.00 a Month lates most of the safeguards to equality of grant violation of right. That law or pub- opportunity. Where to draw the line be- lic opinion must regulate the flagrant out Weekly Salary tween these extremes of rightful and vicious of existence is obvious. Where the flagrant Or, if you prefer, and if you can guar- speculation is also difficult enough. begins can be determined only by common antee and produce a definite monthly It has been proposed that a more vivid sense—and by experience. As we develop limelight on all promotions and on all deal- the solution of any given problem we usually quota, you may receive a weekly salary— ings in stocks and commodity futures would progressively decapitate lesser flagrancies. up to $100.00 a week—in addition to temper the ambitions of persons to be bene- In any event, democracy succeeds better commissions. ficiaries from speculations. It is also pro- and is more true to itself in these matters posed that a better control of interest rates through regulation of economic forces than Permanent Profits would in a great measure prevent the di- through attempts to manage them by enter- Every order that you receive will bring version of capital to these purposes from ing into business itself. W. C. Cowan) Harvey Stofflet its proper field of production and distribu- The organization and processes of pro- (Oregon) you additional profits year after year. The (Michigan) tion. In any event, until our Government duction and distribution are of centuries of $1.00 an Hour same commissions and salaries are allowed $100.00 a Week abandons its method of war finance by way development. This economic organism has on renewals that are paid for new orders. of gigantic inflation of credit and conse- come to have an extreme delicacy in its quent stimulus to speculation there will be adjustments, in its response to stimulus to Territory little relief from profiteering and its bitter effort, to abilities and character of its mem- interpolation into the cost of living. bers. The population of the United States There is no restriction on the territory The elimination of these unnecessary keeps ready pace with our output. We in which you may work. Unlimited terri- dips into the cost of distribution of com- cannot stand a reduction of ten per cent in tory spells unlimited opportunity. modities can be ameliorated by combina- our total production without the invasion tions Let consumers into cooperative distri- of privation into our firesides. Therefore Your Profits bution, more especially successful among sudden disturbance is disaster. Yet the staffs of large industries. damming back the steady march of social The table that follows will give some evolution through neglect or obstruction is W. H. Guscott There are numerous other- projects for E. D. Barensfield idea of extent of the monthly profit on betterment of industrial and economic rela- the sure road to sudden disturbance. (Minnesota) (Ohio) only part-time work: $90,00 a Month tions before the community, many of which Author's Note—Since this article went to press $87.50 His First 15 receive direct support from the principle of Mr. Hoover has been made a member of the Indus- Days Average Total Earn- Extra Production ings, About equality of opportunity and its economic trial Council. Less than 3 a week $4 50 Less than 4 a week 7 50 Less than 1 a day 12 00 Less than 8 a week 16 00 Less than 10 a week 20 00 THE SATURDAY EVENING POST Less than 2 a day 27 00 Less than 16 a week 37 00 More Than Two Million a Week Less than 3 a day 50 00 Less than 4 a day 67 00 Less than 5 a day 80 00 Less than 6 a day 101 00 Less than 7 a day 130 00 George Hunter Table of Contents Raymond Starr Less than 9 a day 160 00 (Maine) December 27, 1919 (California) Less than 10 a day 200 00 $100.00 a Month . . 275.00 Extra $100.00 a Week Less than 2 each working hour SHORT STORIES PAGE If you want to take advantage of this money-making The Christmas Drifter—Hugh Wiley 8 ACT NOW opportunity, and lay the foundation of a successful The Man From Hell—May Edginton 10 subscription business, send, now, the coupon below: Red Foam—William H. Hamby 14 That Villain Her Father—Leonard Merrick 16 CUT HERE Hot Metal—Herschel S. 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