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Establishing a Holocene Tephrochronology for Western Samoa and Its Implication for the Re-Evaluation of Volcanic Hazards
ESTABLISHING A HOLOCENE TEPHROCHRONOLOGY FOR WESTERN SAMOA AND ITS IMPLICATION FOR THE RE-EVALUATION OF VOLCANIC HAZARDS by Aleni Fepuleai A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Copyright © 2016 by Aleni Fepuleai School of Geography, Earth Science and Environment Faculty of Science, Technology and Environment The University of the South Pacific August 2016 DECLARATION Statement by Author I, Aleni Fepuleai, declare that this thesis is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published, or substantially overlapping with material submitted for the award of any other degree at any institution, except where due acknowledge is made in the next. Signature: Date: 01/07/15 Name: Aleni Fepuleai Student ID: s11075361 Statement by Supervisor The research in this thesis was performed under my supervision and to my knowledge is the sole work of Mr Aleni Fepuleai. Signature Date: 01/07/15 Name: Dr Eleanor John Designation: Principal Supervisor ABSTRACT Samoan volcanism is tectonically controlled and is generated by tension-stress activities associated with the sharp bend in the Pacific Plate (Northern Terminus) at the Tonga Trench. The Samoan island chain dominated by a mixture of shield and post-erosional volcanism activities. The closed basin structures of volcanoes such as the Crater Lake Lanoto enable the entrapment and retention of a near-complete sedimentary record, itself recording its eruptive history. Crater Lanoto is characterised as a compound monogenetic and short-term volcano. A high proportion of primary tephra components were found in a core extracted from Crater Lake Lanoto show that Crater Lanoto erupted four times (tephra bed-1, 2, 3, and 4). -
Savai'i Volcano
A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist A Visitor's Field Guide to Savai’i Touring Savai'i with a Geologist Warren Jopling Page 1 A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist ABOUT THE AUTHOR AND THIS ARTICLE Tuapou Warren Jopling is an Australian geologist who retired to Savai'i to grow coffee after a career in oil exploration in Australia, Canada, Brazil and Indonesia. Travels through Central America, the Andes and Iceland followed by 17 years in Indonesia gave him a good understanding of volcanology, a boon to later educational tourism when explaining Savai'i to overseas visitors and student groups. His 2014 report on Samoa's Geological History was published in booklet form by the Samoa Tourism Authority as a Visitor's Guide - a guide summarising the main geological events that built the islands but with little coverage of individual natural attractions. This present article is an abridgement of the 2014 report and focuses on Savai'i. It is in three sections; an explanation of plate movement and hotspot activity for visitors unfamiliar with plate tectonics; a brief summary of Savai'i's geological history then an island tour with some geologic input when describing the main sites. It is for nature lovers who would appreciate some background to sightseeing. Page 1 A Visitor’s Field Guide to Savai’i – Touring Savai’i with a Geologist The Pacific Plate, The Samoan Hotspot, The Samoan Archipelago The Pacific Plate, the largest of the Earth's 16 major plates, is born along the East Pacific Rise. -
Stevensoniana; an Anecdotal Life and Appreciation of Robert Louis Stevenson, Ed. from the Writings of J.M. Barrie, S.R. Crocket
——; — ! 92 STEVENSONIANA VIII ISLAND DAYS TO TUSITALA IN VAILIMA^ Clearest voice in Britain's chorus, Tusitala Years ago, years four-and-twenty. Grey the cloudland drifted o'er us, When these ears first heard you talking, When these eyes first saw you smiling. Years of famine, years of plenty, Years of beckoning and beguiling. Years of yielding, shifting, baulking, ' When the good ship Clansman ' bore us Round the spits of Tobermory, Glens of Voulin like a vision. Crags of Knoidart, huge and hoary, We had laughed in light derision. Had they told us, told the daring Tusitala, What the years' pale hands were bearing, Years in stately dim division. II Now the skies are pure above you, Tusitala; Feather'd trees bow down to love you 1 This poem, addressed to Robert Louis Stevenson, reached him at Vailima three days before his death. It was the last piece of verse read by Stevenson, and it is the subject of the last letter he wrote on the last day of his life. The poem was read by Mr. Lloyd Osbourne at the funeral. It is here printed, by kind permission of the author, from Mr. Edmund Gosse's ' In Russet and Silver,' 1894, of which it was the dedication. After the Photo by] [./. Davis, Apia, Samoa STEVENSON AT VAILIMA [To face page i>'l ! ——— ! ISLAND DAYS 93 Perfum'd winds from shining waters Stir the sanguine-leav'd hibiscus That your kingdom's dusk-ey'd daughters Weave about their shining tresses ; Dew-fed guavas drop their viscous Honey at the sun's caresses, Where eternal summer blesses Your ethereal musky highlands ; Ah ! but does your heart remember, Tusitala, Westward in our Scotch September, Blue against the pale sun's ember, That low rim of faint long islands. -
Samoa Socio-Economic Atlas 2011
SAMOA SOCIO-ECONOMIC ATLAS 2011 Copyright (c) Samoa Bureau of Statistics (SBS) 2011 CONTACTS Telephone: (685) 62000/21373 Samoa Socio Economic ATLAS 2011 Facsimile: (685) 24675 Email: [email protected] by Website: www.sbs.gov.ws Postal Address: Samoa Bureau of Statistics The Census-Surveys and Demography Division of Samoa Bureau of Statistics (SBS) PO BOX 1151 Apia Samoa National University of Samoa Library CIP entry Samoa socio economic ATLAS 2011 / by The Census-Surveys and Demography Division of Samoa Bureau of Statistics (SBS). -- Apia, Samoa : Samoa Bureau of Statistics, Government of Samoa, 2011. 76 p. : ill. ; 29 cm. Disclaimer: This publication is a product of the Division of Census-Surveys & Demography, ISBN 978 982 9003 66 9 Samoa Bureau of Statistics. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions 1. Census districts – Samoa – maps. 2. Election districts – Samoa – expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of any funding or census. 3. Election districts – Samoa – statistics. 4. Samoa – census. technical agencies involved in the census. The boundaries and other information I. Census-Surveys and Demography Division of SBS. shown on the maps are only imaginary census boundaries but do not imply any legal status of traditional village and district boundaries. Sam 912.9614 Sam DDC 22. Published by The Samoa Bureau of Statistics, Govt. of Samoa, Apia, Samoa, 2015. Overview Map SAMOA 1 Table of Contents Map 3.4: Tertiary level qualification (Post-secondary certificate, diploma, Overview Map ................................................................................................... 1 degree/higher) by district, 2011 ................................................................... 26 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 3 Map 3.5: Population 15 years and over with knowledge in traditional tattooing by district, 2011 ........................................................................... -
2016 CENSUS Brief No.1
P O BOX 1151 TELEPHONE: (685)62000/21373 LEVEL 1 & 2 FMFM II, Matagialalua FAX No: (685)24675 GOVERNMENT BUILDING Email: [email protected] APIA Website: www.sbs.gov.ws SAMOA 2016 CENSUS Brief No.1 Revised version Population Snapshot and Household Highlights 30th October 2017 1 | P a g e Foreword This publication is the first of a series of Census 2016 Brief reports to be published from the dataset version 1, of the Population and Housing Census, 2016. It provides a snapshot of the information collected from the Population Questionnaire and some highlights of the Housing Questionnaire. It also provides the final count of the population of Samoa in November 7th 2016 by statistical regions, political districts and villages. Over the past censuses, the Samoa Bureau of Statistics has compiled a standard analytical report that users and mainly students find it complex and too technical for their purposes. We have changed our approach in the 2016 census by compiling smaller reports (Census Brief reports) to be released on a quarterly basis with emphasis on different areas of Samoa’s development as well as demands from users. In doing that, we look forward to working more collaboratively with our stakeholders and technical partners in compiling relevant, focused and more user friendly statistical brief reports for planning, policy-making and program interventions. At the same time, the Bureau is giving the public the opportunity to select their own data of interest from the census database for printing rather than the Bureau printing numerous tabulations which mostly remain unused. -
HELLO PACIFIC ISLANDS Helloworld Is a Fresh New Travel Brand with a Long and Solid History
2017 HELLO PACIFIC ISLANDS helloworld is a fresh new travel brand with a long and solid history. We have previously created lasting travel memories for clients as Harvey World Travel, selected stores from the United Travel group and Air New Zealand Holidays brands. Allow us to share our knowledge, passion and expertise with you. Our mission is to offer New Zealand travellers industry leading service and deliver the best value holidays. With helloworld, you can plan your holiday at your convenience with our nationwide network of stores and comprehensive website. Our people are truly passionate about travel and can’t wait to share their expertise. Our helloworld store owners and their teams have a genuine interest in making your travel enjoyable and hassle free. As experienced travellers ourselves, we know what goes into making your holiday great and will go the extra mile to make sure your next holiday is your best one yet. We’re helloworld - nice to meet you! Vanuatu | 37 Niue | 54 Isle of Pines, New Caledonia | 58 Valid 1 April 2017 – 31 March 2018. Image Right: Savai’i, Samoa Contents Navigating This Brochure 4 Travel Tips 6 Top 10 Things To Do 8 Planning Your Pacific Islands Holiday 10 Pacific Islands Weddings 11 Tahiti 13 Samoa 24 American Samoa 33 Vanuatu 37 Tonga 50 Niue 54 New Caledonia 58 Accommodation Index 66 Booking Conditions 67 3 Navigating This Brochure 2017 2017 Let helloworld inspire HELLO HELLO ADELAIDE GOLD & SOUTH COAST you to discover these AUSTRALIA fantastic destinations Accommodation Ratings Diamond ratings are used throughout the brochure to describe the standard of accommodation. -
MH-ICP-MS Analysis of the Freshwater and Saltwater Environmental Resources of Upolu Island, Samoa
Supplementary Materials (SM) MH-ICP-MS Analysis of the Freshwater and Saltwater Environmental Resources of Upolu Island, Samoa Sasan Rabieh 1,*, Odmaa Bayaraa 2, Emarosa Romeo 3, Patila Amosa 4, Khemet Calnek 1, Youssef Idaghdour 2, Michael A. Ochsenkühn 5, Shady A. Amin 5, Gary Goldstein 6 and Timothy G. Bromage 1,7,* 1 Department of Molecular Pathobiology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA; [email protected] (K.C.) 2 Environmental Genomics Lab, Biology Program, Division of Science and Mathematics, New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; [email protected] (O.B.); [email protected] (Y.I.) 3 Hydrology Division, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Level 3, Tui Atua Tupua Tamasese Efi Building (TATTE), Sogi., P.O. Private Bag, Apia, Samoa; [email protected] (E.R.) 4 Faculty of Science, National University of Samoa, PO Box 1622, Apia, Samoa; [email protected] (P.A.) 5 Marine Microbial Ecology Lab, Biology Program, New York University Abu Dhabi, Saadiyat Island, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; [email protected] (M.A.O.); [email protected] (S.A.A.) 6 College of Dentistry, New York University, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA; [email protected] (G.G.) 7 Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY 10010, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] (S.R.); [email protected] (T.G.B.); Tel.: +1-212-998-9638 (S.R.); +1- 212-998-9597 (T.G.B.) Academic Editors: Zikri Arslan and Michael Bolshov Received: 16 August 2020; Accepted: 19 October 2020; Published: date Table S1. -
Stevensoniana; an Anecdotal Life and Appreciation of Robert Louis Stevenson, Ed. from the Writings of JM Barrie, SR Crocket
: R. L. S. AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES 225 XII R. L. S. AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES Few authors of note have seen so many and frank judg- ments of their work from the pens of their contemporaries as Stevenson saw. He was a ^persona grata ' with the whole world of letters, and some of his m,ost admiring critics were they of his own craft—poets, novelists, essayists. In the following pages the object in view has been to garner a sheaf of memories and criticisms written—before and after his death—for the most part by eminent contemporaries of the novelist, and interesting, apart from intrinsic worth, by reason of their writers. Mr. Henry James, in his ' Partial Portraits,' devotes a long and brilliant essay to Stevenson. Although written seven years prior to Stevenson's death, and thus before some of the most remarkable productions of his genius had appeared, there is but little in -i^^^ Mr. James's paper which would require modi- fication to-day. Himself the wielder of a literary style more elusive, more tricksy than Stevenson's, it is difficult to take single passages from his paper, the whole galaxy of thought and suggestion being so cleverly meshed about by the dainty frippery of his manner. Mr. James begins by regretting the 'extinction of the pleasant fashion of the literary portrait,' and while deciding that no individual can bring it back, he goes on to say It is sufficient to note, in passing, that if Mr. Stevenson had P 226 STEVENSONIANA presented himself in an age, or in a country, of portraiture, the painters would certainly each have had a turn at him. -
Aufaigaluega Ofisa I Lalovaea: 1
FAATULAGAGA AUFAIGALUEGA MISIONA SAMOA & TOKELAU MO LE 2021: AUFAIGALUEGA OFISA I LALOVAEA: 1. Pr Sione Ausage Peresetene, Galuega a Faifeau, Tausimea, Saolotoga o Tapuaiga, Faatonu Faatutuina Lotu Fou 2. Pr Neru Nuuialii Failautusi, Faatonu Auaunaga mo Aiga, Fesootaiga, TV & Leitio, Faamautuina o Fanua & Eleele o le Ekalesia 3. Mr Benjamin Tofilau Teutupe, Faatonu Soifua Maloloina, Meatotino Ekalesia, Atinae ma Faatoaga o le Ekalesia 4. Pr Tino Okesene Faatonu Autalavou, Kalapu Suela & Kalapu Suesueala 5. Pr David Afamasaga Faatonu Aoga Sapati & Galuega Faamisionare 6. Mrs Pelenatete Siaki Faatonu Tinā & Tamaitai & Aoga Sapati Fanau 7. Mrs Su”a Julia Wallwork Faatonu ADRA Samoa 8. Mrs I’o Lindsay Faatonu Fale Tusi & Fale Lomitusi 9. Mrs Soonafai Toeaso Faatonu Evagelia o Lomiga & Taitai Talosaga Misiona 10. __________________ Failautusi Taitaiga, Fesootaiga, Ofisa Femalagaiga 11. Peleiupu Key Failautusi o Matagaluega & Tali Telefoni 12. Maryanne Suisala Tausi Tusi Sinia & Fesoasoani Fale Tusi 13. Emmanuel Kalau Tausi Tusi Lagolago & IT 14. _________________ Tausi Tusi Lagolago 15. Mizpa Soloa Tali Tupe UPOLU – FAIFEAU MO EKALESIA: SUAFA NUU/EKALESIA 1. Pr Olive Tivalu Dean Apia, Taitai Motu Upolu, Faaliliu & Pepa o le Tala Moni 2. Bro Evander Tuaifaiva Immanuel, Faifeau Aoga SAC & Faifeau TV 3. Pr David Afamasaga Vaitele-uta & Vaitele-fou 4. Pr Tino Okesene Alafua & Vaiusu 5. Pr Taei Siaki Siusega, Falelauniu & Nuu 6. Pr Neru Nuuialii Tiapapata 7. Pr Sione Ausage Magiagi 8. Pr. Mose Hurrell Vailele, Laulii, Fagalii 9. Pr Orion Savea Vailoa & Fusi 10. Bro Esera Luteru Saleaaumua & Aufaga 11. Pr Sagele Moi Tipasa Kosena, Saleapaga & Faifeau mo Faatalaiga 12. Pr Lasi Nai Sapunaoa & Togitogiga 13. -
Top Things to Do in Apia" This Quaint Capital of Samoa Is Known for Its Old Capital Mulinu'u and the Primary City Cathedral
"Top Things To Do in Apia" This quaint capital of Samoa is known for its old capital Mulinu'u and the primary city cathedral. But primarily, its the azure waters, the golden sand beaches and the green cityscape that brings in visitors year in, year out. 创建: Cityseeker 10 位置已标记 Mount Vaea山 "Samoa's Natural Landmark" One of Samoa’s most famous sights is the emerald green peak of Mount Vaea, where the famed writer Robert Louis Stevenson and his wife Fanny are buried. Buried here in 1894, the renowned writer spent the last four years of his life enjoying Samoa’s natural splendor. The trail up to Stevenson’s grave, which sits in the by Teinesavaii shadow of Mount Vaea’s peak, is known as the “Road of Loving Hearts.” Visitors to the burial site will have roughly an hour long walk ahead of them, their eyes treated to beautiful vistas along the way. The surrounding forests are protected by the Stevenson Memorial Reserve and Mount Vaea Scenic Reserve Ordinance. +685 6 3500 (Tourist Information) Off Cross Island Road, Apia To-Sua海沟 "Aquamarine Paradise" Right in the middle of a forested sprawl is a gaping swimming hole, filled with gorgeous aquamarine water that simply demands diving into. This stunning attraction is located on the island of Upolu. Visitors must descend a ladder to reach the diving point, from where they can plunge into epic crystalline waters below. by Rickard Törnblad +685 4 1699 www.to- tosua.oceantrench@gmail. Main South Coast Road, suaoceantrench.com/ com Apia 罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森博物馆 "A Poetic Tour" Catch a glimpse into the life and work of Scottish poet Robert Louis Stevenson at this beautiful, well-preserved museum, where this legendary literary figure spent the last few years of his life. -
Samoa, 2017/2018
DENGUE SEROTYPE 2 OUTBREAK IN SAMOA, 2017/2018. Ministry of Health SITREP nO.9 18th March 2018 Outbreak overview. The situational analysis of the dengue fever outbreak in Samoa as shown in the graph below portrays a continual decrease in the number of cases over the past 10 weeks. The cumulative total as of March 18th is 3,255 with a national attack rate of 16.6 per 1,000 population. Dengue fever continues to spread geographically mostly in the Apia Urban and North West Upolu regions. Majority of those af- fected are 5 - 9 year olds which makes up 31% of the total cases. There has not been any dengue related deaths reported hence the total dengue-related mortality remains at 5. Dengue case definition: An acute fever with any two of the following signs and symptoms: joint & muscle pains; maculo- pappular rash; severe headaches; nausea & vomiting; pains behind the eyes; bleeding and leucopenia. Time: dengue epi-curve Person: age group & sex Sex No of Cases % Female 1570 48% Male 1685 52% Total 3255 100% Control measures continues... SOURCE REDUCTION remains highly recommended for control of mosquito breeding sites during this rainy season. Other usual prevention methods to avoid illness is also advised. An integrated response has seen communities and organizations work with MOH to use chemical spraying in their respective locations. MOH Samoa continues to advocate and implement control measures for mosquito–borne diseases. Grassroots groups involved in vector control are mobilizing the affected communities to actively participate in source reduction and clean-up campaigns. Vector surveillance and control efforts continue. -
Invasive Alien Species Survey Aleipata Islands, Samoa September-December 2015
INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES SURVEY ALEIPATA ISLANDS, SAMOA SEPTEMBER-DECEMBER 2015 GEF-PAS Invasive Alien Species project/Samoa Gianluca Serra and Faleafaga Toni Tipama’a New Eden Samoa Environment Consultants on behalf of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MNRE), Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) 1 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION 2. METHODOLOGY 2.1 NU’UTELE Rats Yellow Crazy Ants Other fauna (IAS and native) Flora (IAS and native) 2.2 NU’ULUA 2.3 NAMUA 2.4 FANUATAPU 2.5 BIOSECURITY 2.6 TEAMS 2.7 SCHEDULES 3. RESULTS 3.1 NU’UTELE 3.2 NU’ULUA 3.3 NAMUA 3.4 FANUATAPU 3.5 TRAINING 3.6 BIOSECURITY ASSESSMENT 4. DISCUSSION 5. ACNOWLEDGEMENTS 6. REFERENCES ANNEX 1 – TEMPLATE DATA LOG FOR RAT TRAPPING ANNEX 2 – PREVIOUS RAT SURVEYS IN NU’UTELE AND NU’ULUA ANNEX 3 – BIRD CHECKLIST ANNEX 4 – DIURNAL BUTTERFLY CHECKLIST ANNEX 5 -- CHECKLIST OF KEY FOREST TREES Photo on the cover: Nu’utele island (Credit: G. Serra). 2 1. INTRODUCTION Samoa is part of the Polynesia-Micronesia Biodiversity Hotspot, one of 34 regions of the world where extraordinary levels of biodiversity and endemism are coupled with extremely high levels of threat (Mittermeier et al. 2004). The four Aleipata islands (Photo 1), holding a high percentage of representative and threatened species of Samoa, certainly represent a key site in the Polynesia-Micronesia biodiversity hotspot. In a 1986 review of 226 islands in the South Pacific region, these islands together rated 30th in importance for biological diversity (Vanderwoude et al. 2006). They were also more recently included in the list of the 7 Key Biodiversity Areas of Samoa (Conservation International et al.