Report on the Status of the Rights of the Child in Samoa 2005
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Establishing a Holocene Tephrochronology for Western Samoa and Its Implication for the Re-Evaluation of Volcanic Hazards
ESTABLISHING A HOLOCENE TEPHROCHRONOLOGY FOR WESTERN SAMOA AND ITS IMPLICATION FOR THE RE-EVALUATION OF VOLCANIC HAZARDS by Aleni Fepuleai A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Copyright © 2016 by Aleni Fepuleai School of Geography, Earth Science and Environment Faculty of Science, Technology and Environment The University of the South Pacific August 2016 DECLARATION Statement by Author I, Aleni Fepuleai, declare that this thesis is my own work and that, to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published, or substantially overlapping with material submitted for the award of any other degree at any institution, except where due acknowledge is made in the next. Signature: Date: 01/07/15 Name: Aleni Fepuleai Student ID: s11075361 Statement by Supervisor The research in this thesis was performed under my supervision and to my knowledge is the sole work of Mr Aleni Fepuleai. Signature Date: 01/07/15 Name: Dr Eleanor John Designation: Principal Supervisor ABSTRACT Samoan volcanism is tectonically controlled and is generated by tension-stress activities associated with the sharp bend in the Pacific Plate (Northern Terminus) at the Tonga Trench. The Samoan island chain dominated by a mixture of shield and post-erosional volcanism activities. The closed basin structures of volcanoes such as the Crater Lake Lanoto enable the entrapment and retention of a near-complete sedimentary record, itself recording its eruptive history. Crater Lanoto is characterised as a compound monogenetic and short-term volcano. A high proportion of primary tephra components were found in a core extracted from Crater Lake Lanoto show that Crater Lanoto erupted four times (tephra bed-1, 2, 3, and 4). -
Invasive Alien Species Survey Aleipata Islands, Samoa September-December 2015
INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES SURVEY ALEIPATA ISLANDS, SAMOA SEPTEMBER-DECEMBER 2015 GEF-PAS Invasive Alien Species project/Samoa Gianluca Serra and Faleafaga Toni Tipama’a New Eden Samoa Environment Consultants on behalf of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MNRE), Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) 1 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION 2. METHODOLOGY 2.1 NU’UTELE Rats Yellow Crazy Ants Other fauna (IAS and native) Flora (IAS and native) 2.2 NU’ULUA 2.3 NAMUA 2.4 FANUATAPU 2.5 BIOSECURITY 2.6 TEAMS 2.7 SCHEDULES 3. RESULTS 3.1 NU’UTELE 3.2 NU’ULUA 3.3 NAMUA 3.4 FANUATAPU 3.5 TRAINING 3.6 BIOSECURITY ASSESSMENT 4. DISCUSSION 5. ACNOWLEDGEMENTS 6. REFERENCES ANNEX 1 – TEMPLATE DATA LOG FOR RAT TRAPPING ANNEX 2 – PREVIOUS RAT SURVEYS IN NU’UTELE AND NU’ULUA ANNEX 3 – BIRD CHECKLIST ANNEX 4 – DIURNAL BUTTERFLY CHECKLIST ANNEX 5 -- CHECKLIST OF KEY FOREST TREES Photo on the cover: Nu’utele island (Credit: G. Serra). 2 1. INTRODUCTION Samoa is part of the Polynesia-Micronesia Biodiversity Hotspot, one of 34 regions of the world where extraordinary levels of biodiversity and endemism are coupled with extremely high levels of threat (Mittermeier et al. 2004). The four Aleipata islands (Photo 1), holding a high percentage of representative and threatened species of Samoa, certainly represent a key site in the Polynesia-Micronesia biodiversity hotspot. In a 1986 review of 226 islands in the South Pacific region, these islands together rated 30th in importance for biological diversity (Vanderwoude et al. 2006). They were also more recently included in the list of the 7 Key Biodiversity Areas of Samoa (Conservation International et al. -
Samoa Und Fiji
Samoa und Fiji Juwelen der Südsee 1.195 m 19 Übernachtungen im Hotel, im Gästehaus und in Strandhütten Leichte Wanderungen und Trekking zwischen 2 und 4 Stunden Gehzeit Regenwälder, wilde unberührte Berglandschaften und Traumstrände Kulturtrekking zu den Bergdörfern auf Viti Levu Eintägiger Segeltörn zur Insel Tivua Samoa liegt mitten im Südpazifik, nur wenige Kilometer östlich der Datumsgrenze. Der klei- ne Inselstaat kennt keinen Massentourismus. Hier finden Sie eine gewachsene, lebendige Kultur und eine nahezu unberührte Natur – intakte Regenwälder, einsame, kaum begangene Berggebiete, riesige Mangrovenwälder, zahlreiche Riffe rund um die zwei Hauptinseln Upolu und Savaii und eine prächtige Unterwasserwelt mit bunt-schillernden, tropischen Fischen. Weißsandige Strände laden zum Baden ein. Ein ausgeprägter Gemeinschaftssinn, Gelassenheit und Heiterkeit zeichnen die samoani- sche Lebensweise, Faa Samoa, aus. Hektik und Stress sind den Inselbewohnern fremd, Veränderungen werden nur dann akzeptiert, wenn sie den Frieden im Dorf und in den ein- zelnen Familien nicht stören. Wer offen dafür ist, sich auf die samoanische Kultur einzulas- sen, mit den Menschen in der Dorfgemeinschaft zu wohnen und zu feiern, wird neue Freun- de und vielleicht auch neue Einsichten gewinnen. Viele Dörfer haben weder Telefon noch Strom; europäischen Standard dürfen Sie also nicht erwarten. Übernachtet wird oft in sog. fales; das sind direkt am Strand liegende Hütten. Wer bereit ist, auf touristischen Komfort zu verzichten, kann auf einer einsamen Insel draußen vor dem Riff warmen Wind spüren, sich am kristallklaren Wasser erfreuen und den Duft von Tausenden von Ingwer-Blüten riechen. Während der Reise im August / September findet voraussichtlich das farbenprächtige Teuil- la-Fest mit Langbootrennen, Tänzen und Gesängen statt. -
Aleipata Itupa I Luga District Interventions
Community Integrated Management Plan Aleipata-Itupa I Luga - Upolu Implementation Guidelines 2018 COMMUNITY INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT PLAN IMPLEMENTATION GUIDELINES Foreword It is with great pleasure that I present the new Community Integrated Management (CIM) Plans, formerly known as Coastal Infrastructure Management (CIM) Plans. The revised CIM Plans recognizes the change in approach since the first set of fifteen CIM Plans were developed from 2002-2003 under the World Bank funded Infrastructure Asset Management Project (IAMP) , and from 2004-2007 for the remaining 26 districts, under the Samoa Infrastructure Asset Management (SIAM) Project. With a broader geographic scope well beyond the coastal environment, the revised CIM Plans now cover all areas from the ridge-to-reef, and includes the thematic areas of not only infrastructure, but also the environment and biological resources, as well as livelihood sources and governance. The CIM Strategy, from which the CIM Plans were derived from, was revised in August 2015 to reflect the new expanded approach and it emphasizes the whole of government approach for planning and implementation, taking into consideration an integrated ecosystem based adaptation approach and the ridge to reef concept. The timeframe for implementation and review has also expanded from five years to ten years as most of the solutions proposed in the CIM Plan may take several years to realize. The CIM Plans is envisaged as the blueprint for climate change interventions across all development sectors – reflecting the programmatic approach to climate resilience adaptation taken by the Government of Samoa. The proposed interventions outlined in the CIM Plans are also linked to the Strategy for the Development of Samoa 2016/17 – 2019/20 and the relevant ministry sector plans. -
Climate of Samoa
DaDatata CCoollecllectiotionn aanndd mmodeodellillinnggffoor ar adadaptaptationtion Nusipepa Lepale Samoa Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline Background info Geography Climate of Samoa Impacts of Climate Change (CC) in Samoa CC Adaptation in Samoa Data Observation Network (Data collection) Modeling used in Samoa Responses to Climate Change in Samoa Samoa Climate Early Warning System (CLEWS) Background InformationBackground Information Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa (formerly known as Western Samoa and German Samoa), is a country governing the western part of the Samoan Islands in the South Pacific Ocean. It became independent from New Zealand in 1962. The two main islands of Samoa are Upolu and one of the biggest islands in Polynesia Savai'i. The capital city Apia and Faleolo International Airport are situated on the island of Upolu. The 1960 Constitution, which formally came into force with independence from New Zealand in 1962, is based on the British pattern of parliamentary democracy, modified to take account of Samoan customs The unicameral legislature (Fono) consists of 49 members serving 5-year terms. Forty-seven are elected from territorial districts by ethnic Samoans; the other two are chosen by non-Samoans with no chiefly affiliation on separate electoral rolls GeographyGeography The country is located east of the international date line and south of the equator, about halfway between Hawai‘i and New Zealand in the Polynesian region of the Pacific Ocean. The total land area is 2934 km² -
The Influence of Religion and Culture on Planning and Decision-Making Processes in Samoa
The Influence of Religion and Culture on Planning and Decision-making Processes in Samoa Ekrina Melenuutausi Iose A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Master of Planning at the University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand November 2nd 2018 i ABSTRACT Culture and religion form the foundation for all political, economic and social organisations in the Pacific Island nation of Samoa, and are inextricably linked (So’o, 2008). They are two of the most fundamental aspects present in the everyday lives of Samoan people. Both aspects dictate the day to day routines and practices of Samoa’s people whether it is in the home, workplace, or social setting. The importance of religion is reflected in the national emblem which states ‘E faavae I le Atua Samoa’ which translates to ‘Samoa is founded in God’. Culture is also important and this is highlighted in the way Samoan people are determined not to abandon their customs and traditions and so, instead of evolving into a government based completely on western democracy, the two world views were combined. It was a case of western democracy meets Samoan customs and traditions, and this is how Samoa has been governed ever since. The overall aim of this study was to establish the extent to which religion and culture influence planning and decision-making processes in Samoa. To answer this aim, four key questions were established. These questions looked at the significance of religion in Samoa, the nature of the relationship between religion and government, the influence religion has on planning and decision-making processes, and lastly, the hierarchy of importance in government of religion and culture. -
1. Background Information on Agriculture and Organizational Arrangements for Plant Protection and NPPO of Your Country (Less Than 200 Words)
1. Background information on agriculture and organizational arrangements for Plant protection and NPPO of your country (less than 200 words) a. Please provide macro data on your country (area, population, main production, main plant importations and exportation) and the structure, ports of entry and organigram of the NPPO. i. Independent State of Samoa formerly known as Western Samoa; became independent 1 January 1962 ii. Government type – mix of parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy iii. Area -2,944km2 iv. 2 Large Islands (Upolu and Savaii), 7 small islets (Apolima, Manono, Nu’ulopa, Nu’ulua, Namua, Fanuatapu, Nu’usafee) v. Population – 195,979 (SBS 2016) vi. Capital - Apia vii. Climate – Tropical, Rainy (November to April) and Dry Season (May to October) viii. Main Production – agricultural products (handicrafts, copra, plantain, taro, dried cocoa beans/pounded cocoa) ix. Main Plant Importation – Ornamental Plants, Vegetable seeds, flour, sugar, rice x. Main Exportation – fish, coconut oil, coconut cream, copra, noni juice (Morinada citrifolia), taro, dried cocoa beans/pounded cocoa, Tahitian lime (NZ), plantain (NZ/Aust) xi. Ports of Entry – 2 Airports (Faleolo International Airport, Fagalii International Airport), 3 International Wharfs (Apia Wharf, Satitoa Wharf, Salelologa Wharf) xii. Structure & Organizational diagram of NPPO (See additional word document) 2. Phytosanitary legal framework and list of regulated pests (less than 100 words) a. When available, please provide the phytosanitary legal framework of your country and the list of regulated pests. i. Phytosanitary Legal framework: 1. Quarantine (Biosecurity) Act 2005 (currently under review) a. 3 components i. Animal Health and Welfare Bill ii. Plant Protection Bill iii. Quarantine (Biosecurity) Bill 2. -
Review of Invasive Alien Species Management in The
REVIEW OF INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES MANAGEMENT IN THE ALEIPATA ISLANDS, SAMOA GEF-PAS Invasive Alien Species project/Samoa Gianluca Serra and Faleafaga Toni Tipama’a New Eden Samoa Environment Consultants on behalf of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MNRE), Department of Environment and Conservation (DEC) 1 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION 2. AIM AND METHODOLOGY 3. KEY BIODIVERSITY ASSETS AND THREATS 3.1 Fauna 3.2 Flora 4. INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES 4.1 Inventory 4.2 Key species: knowledge & threats 5. CONSERVATION MEASURES 6. ATTEMPTS OF MANAGING IAS 7. KNOWLEDGE GAPS 8. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 9. REFERENCES Photo on the cover: Nu’utele (foreground) and Nu’ulua island (background) (Credit: G. Serra). 2 1. INTRODUCTION Samoa is part of the Polynesia-Micronesia Biodiversity Hotspot (Fig. 1), one of 34 regions of the world where extraordinary levels of biodiversity and endemism are coupled with extremely high levels of threats (Mittermeier et al. 2004). Although 11 terrestrial and 65 marine species found in Samoa are listed as globally threatened on the 2015 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, the number of threatened species at a national level may be significantly higher than this, perhaps in the hundreds (Conservation International et al. 2010). Figure 1. Polynesia-Micronesia Biodiversity Hotspot (Map: Conservation International 2013). The Aleipata islands are composed of 4 small islands with an aggregate area of 1.68 km² (see Fig. 2 and 3): Nu’utele (1.08 km²) and Nu’ulua (0.25 km²) islands located outside the coral reef off eastern Upolu; Namua (0.20 km²) and Fanuatapu (0.15 km²) islands located at the edge of the coral reef. -
TSUNAMI Samoa, 29 September, 2009
TSUNAMI Samoa, 29 September, 2009 Sunset Lalomanu Beach 2009 An account of the tsunami disaster, the response, its aftermath, acknowledgement and the trek to recovery. Prepared by: The Government of Samoa 1 NOTE! This is not intended to be a comprehensive account of the tsunami disaster. Such an account would require more in depth research, interviews with victims and survivors as well as aid and relief workers and volunteers, both public and private, in order to do justice to such a task and to the memory of those who lost their lives, those who survived, and those who worked tirelessly and selflessly to try to alleviate the suffering of the thousands of people affected. The tsunami was well covered and documented by the media and hopefully those records shall suffice to preserve the story of this disaster for posterity. This therefore is only an overview of the disaster, the response to it and the coordination role of the Government through the National Disaster Management Council, and the implementation of the Recovery Plan. Above all, this is the best opportunity to publicly acknowledge all that was given so willingly and generously for Samoa and its people in probably its darkest moments in history. 2 Faafetai! Thank You! In addition to all messages of gratitude and appreciation we had conveyed either publicly or privately and individually in the past, this report serves to iterate acknowledgement of the contributions of governments, International organizations, non government organizations, private sector, as well as individuals, both in Samoa and abroad, rendered in so many different ways, towards the relief and recovery operations in the wake of the earthquake and tsunami which hit Samoa in late September 2009. -
Samoa 2013 State of the Environment Report
Samoa 2013 State of the Environment Report diversityy Fa’a-Samoa coral reef integrateateddenvironment management aa community conservationc island nation climateli t changeg livelihoodindicatorswater sustainable forests developmentculture Samoa’s State of the Environment (SOE) Report 2013 Government of Samoa Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (MNRE) Government of Samoa SAMOA'S STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT (SOE) REPORT 2013 Government of Samoa Page 1 Samoa’s State of the Environment (SOE) Report 2013 MNRE Resource Information Centre Ministry of Natural Resources & Environment ( MNRE ) Review and drafting Samoa's State of the Environment by Tuaifaiva Samuelu Sesega Pacific Social & Environment Safeguards Consult ( PSES ) final editing - Tuiolo Schuster ( MNRE ) 147 p. 28.5 cm ISBN: 978-982-539-001-5 Cover Photos: Front page layout from the 'Samoa 2012 Environmental Outlook: Developing a vision for the next 50 years'. Samoa State of the Environment Report Card with photos from: MNRE, SPREP ( Paul Anderson, Stuart Chape, Jill Key ), Ms Tracey Saxby ( University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science), Rebecca Stirnemann 1. Community consultation at Uafato Village 2. Fine mat weaving at Salua village, Manono 3. Samoa fale at Tiavea-tai village 4. Upland Upolu 5. Native bird - Vasavasa ( Samoan Whistler ) 6. Coastal settlement, Savaii Copy right MNRE 2013 All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or non- commercial purposes are authorised without any prior written -
International Uranium Resources Evaluation Project (IUREP)
IUREP N.P.S. No. 145 December 1977 Distr. LIMITED Original: ENGLISH International Atomic Energy Agency INTERNATIONAL URANIUM RESOURCES EVALUATION PROJECT IUREP NATIONAL PAVOURABILIW STUDIES WESTERN SAMOA IHTERTT/iTIOHAL URANIUM RESOURCES EVALUATION PROJECT I U R E P NATIONAL PAVOURABILITY STUDIES IUREP N.P.S. No. 145 WESTERN SAMOA CONTENTS SUMMARY . PAGE A. INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL GEOGRAPHY 1. Bo GEOLOGY OP WESTERN SAMOA IN RELATION TO POTENTIALLY FAVOURABLE URANIUM BEARING AREAS C. PAST EXPLORATION 2. D. URANIUM OCCURRENCES AND RESOURCES 2. E. PRESENT STATUS OF EXPLORATION 2. F. POTENTIAL FOR NEW DISCOVERIES 2. FIGURE No. 1 MAP OF WESTERN SAMOA S U H M A R Y Western Samoa consists principally of two large islands with seven other smaller ones, five of which are uninhabited, No concrete geologic description could be found, but on the basis of a volcanic origin for some of the islands a category 1 uranium potential is assigned. There is no mining industry, and no government agency appears to have a geologic department. — 1 — A. INTRODUCTION AND GENERAL GEOGRAPHY" Geography Samoa Islands, is a group of islands about 2,600 km. NE of the northern tip of New Zealand, 4,300 km E of Australia and 3,500 SW of the Hawaiian Islands. The archipelago, which extends from latitudes 13° 26' to 14° 22' S and from longitudes 168° 10' to 172° 48' W., is divided administratively into two parts: the six islands east of longitude 171° W constitute American Samoa,, a dependency of the US., and the main islands west of the 171° meridian constitute Western Samoa, a self-governing nation. -
Aleipata Marine Protected Area Management Plan 2008-2010
COMPONENT 1A - Project 1A2 Support to Marine Protected Areas January 2008 TECHNICAL REPORT MANAGEMENT PLAN 2008 - 2010 The CRISP Coordinating Unit (CCU) was integrated into the Secretariat of the Pacifi c Community in April 2008 to insure maximum coordination and synergy in work relating to coral reef management in the region. The CRISP programme is implemented as part of the policy developed by the Secretariat of the Pacifi c Regional Envi- ronment Programme for a contribution to conservation and sustainable development of coral reefs in the Pacifi c. he Initiative for the Protection and Management of Coral Reefs in the Paci- T fi c (CRISP), sponsored by France and prepared by the French Development Agency (AFD) as part of an inter-ministerial project from 2002 onwards, aims to develop a vision for the future of these unique ecosystems and the communities that depend on them and to introduce strategies and projects to conserve their biodiversity, while developing the economic and environmental services that they provide both locally and globally. Also, it is designed as a factor for integration between developed countries (Australia, New Zealand, Japan and USA), French overseas territories and Pacifi c Island developing countries. CRISP Coordinating Unit (CCU) Component 1A: Integrated Coastal Management and Watershed Management Programme Manager: Eric CLUA - 1A1: Marine biodiversity conservation planning SPC - PO BOX D5 - 1A2: Marine Protected Areas 98848 Noumea Cedex - 1A3: Institutional strengthening and networking New Caledonia -