El 072 Volume 12
Fuzhou World Bank Financed Public Disclosure Authorized
Fuzhou Nantai Peri-Urban Development Project
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT Public Disclosure Authorized
Prepared for:
Fuzhou Municipal Engineering Development and Construction Corporation and Public Disclosure Authorized Fuzhou Muncipal Transport Commission
Prepared by:
Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection Public Disclosure Authorized
March, 2005 I
I I I I I I Prepared for: Fuzhou Municipal Transport Commission Prepared by: Guangzhou Research Institute of Environmental Protection (GRIEP) Legal representative: Luo Jiahai General technical superintendent: Cui Xia Project Manager: Xu Guanfu Coordination Unit: Fujian Provincial Radiation Environment Monitoring Station (FREMS)
EA Team: Name Title Env. ass. post Responsibilities Signature certificate No. General provisions, project Xu Guanfu Senior engineer No.A28020052 analysis, ecological environmental impact assessment Wang Weide Senior engineer No.A28020024 Current noise environment and WangWeide Seniorengineer NoA28 4 Impact, noise treatment measures Alternative plan, profit and loss Lu Yan Assistant engineer No.A28020058 analysis of environmental economy, relocation and resettlement Current water environment and Peng Lin Engineer No.A28020044 impact, risk evaluation, treatment
_measures of water pollution Current environmental air and Wang Junbo Engineer No.A28020039 impact, treatment measures of atmosphere, cultural property assessment
Reviewer: Cui Xia Professor-level senior No.A28020003 engineer He Liangwan Senior engineer No.A28020025 En\ironmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pert-Urban Development Project
Content
I GENERAL PROVISION 8 1.1 ROLE AND MEANING OF BUILDING TWO ROADS AND ONE BRIDGE 8 1.2 ASSESSMENT PURPOSE ...... 9 1.3 BASIS FOR COMPILATION ...... 9 1.4 ASSESSMENT RANGE ... 1...... 1 1.5 ASSESSMENT CONTENTS AND KEY POINTS ...... 11 1.6 LAWS AND REGULATIONS ...... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 1.7 ENVIRONMENT FUNCTIONAL AREAS AND IMPLEMENTATION STANDARD WITHIN THE ASSESSMENT AREA ...... 12 1. 7. 1 Noise environmentfunctional area...... 12 1. 7.2 Air environmentfunctional area ...... 12...... 1 1.7.3 Water environment.functionalarea and implementation standard...... 13 1.8 EMISSIO STANDARDN ...... 13 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND ENGINEERING ANALYSIS 14 2.1 STATUS AND ROLE OF THE 3RR/II AND NANJIANG BINLU IN THE TRAFFIC PLANNING OF FUZHOU.. 14 2.2 ROAD STRIKE AND INTERCHANGES ...... 15 2.2.1 Nanjiang Binlu strike and interchanges...... 15 2.2.2 The 3RR/II strike and interchanges...... 15 2.2.3 Kuiqi Bridge strike and interchange...... 15 2.3 DESIGN STANDARD ...... 16 2.4 ROAD CROSS SECTION ...... 18 2.4.1 Road cross section of Nanjiang BBinu ...... 18 2.4.2 Road cross section ofthe 3RR/II ...... 18 2.4.3 Road cross section of Kuiqi Bridge ...... /8 2.5 DRAINAGE SYSTEM ...... 18 2.5.1 Nanjiang Binlu drainagesystem ...... 18 2.5.2 Drainag syse temof the 3RR/II ...... /9 2.6 CONSTRUCTION SCALE AND INVESTMENT ...... 20 2.6.1 Construction scale and investment of Nanjiang Binlu ...... 20 2.6.2 Construction scale and investment of the 3RR/II ...... 0 2.6.3 Construction scale and investment of Kuiqi Bridge...... 21 2.7 TRAFFIC FORECAST ...... 2 1 2.8 ANALYSIS ON EMISSION OF MAJOR POILLUTANTS ...... 22 2 / ehicleh.i...... l...... eio...... 2...... insinn ...... 22 _. 2 A o 1.5 ...... 24 2.9 CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE ...... 25 2.10 LAND OCCUPIED BY CONSTRUCTION SITE, MATERIAL SOURCE AND MITIGATION MEASlIRES FOR CONSTRUCTION ENVIRONMENT ...... 26 2.10.1 Land occupied by Nanjiang Binlu, source of sand, stone and earth materialas well as environmental protection measuresfor construction...... 26 2.10.2 Land occupied by 3RR/II, source of sand, stone and earth material as well as environmental
Guangzhou Environment Protection Research Institute I Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
protection measuresfor construction ...... 26 2.10.3 Land occupied by Kuiqi Bridge, source of sand, stone and earth materialas well as environmentalprotection measuresfor construction...... 27 3 OVERVIEW OF NATURAL AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS ALONG THE PROJECT LINE 28 3.1 NAT1'RAL ENVIRONMEN1 ...... 43 3.1.1 Natural geographic overvieuw ...... 43 3.1.2 Landforms and Topography...... 43 3.1.3 Stratigraphicgeolog) . . . 45 3.1.4 Climate and meteorolog . . .45 3.1.5 River hydrology . . .46 3.1.6 Underground water . . .47 3.1.7 Soil .. 47 3.2 FUZHOU'S CURRENT SOCIAL SITUATION AND PLANNING ...... 48 3.2.1 City nature . . .48 3.2.2 Geographic position . . .48 3.2.3 Current economic and social situation of Fuzhou and Nantai Island . . . 48 3.2.4 City's natural landscape . . .49 3.2.5 Baseline of surface water resource development and utilization . . .50 3.3 DEVELOPMENT PLANNING, TRAFFIC AND ENVIRONMENT PLANNING OF FUZHOU ...... 28 3.3.1 Development objective of Fuzhou ...... 28 3.3.2 Development scale of Fuzhou ...... 28 3.3.3 Current city traffic situation and development planning ...... 31
3.3.4 Fuzhou environ,neni planning ( 3.4 SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT ...... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 3.4.1 Number of population and communities ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. 3.4.2 Baseline of land resource development and utilization of Nantai Island ...... 50 3.4.3 Baseline of surface water development and utilization ...... 50 3.4.4 Current communications situation ...... 51 3.5 GENERAL PLANNING OF NANTAI ISLAND ...... 39 3.5.1 Nature of Nantai Island...... 39 3.5.2 Development scale of Nantai Island ...... 39 3.5.3 Overall structure andfunctional layout...... 39 3.6 NANTAI ISLAND ENVIRONMENT PLANNING ...... 41 3.6.1 General objective of environmentalprotection ...... 41 3.6.2 Classification of environmentalfunctionalarea ...... 42 3.7 SENSITIVE POINTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ...... 51 3.7.1 Sensitive point distribution of Nanjiang Binlu Project...... 51 3.7.2 Environmental protection sensitive points along 3RR/II ...... 53 3. 7.3 Environmental protection sensitive points along Kuiqi Bridge Project ...... 54 4 ASSESSMENT OF ECOLOGICALAL ENVIRONMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 43 4.1 TERRESTRIAL ECOLOGICALAL ENVIRONMENT ...... 55 4.1. I Baseline of plants along the ling area ...... 55 4. 1 2 Baseline offor-est resource.s...... - 55
Guangzhou Environment Protection Research Institute 11 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
4.1.3 Baseline in greenery' construction...... 56 4.1.4 Survey and assessment of ecologicalalstatus along the road will be built...... 56 4.2 CURRENT STATUS OF AQUATIC ECOLOGY AT THE KUIQI RIVER REACHES ...... 58 4.3 STATUS OF MINJIANG RIVER ESTUARINE WETLANDS ...... 59 4.3.1 Distributionand Types of Minjiang River Estuarine Wetlands ...... 59 4.3 2 Current Statius of/ Itilization of Minjiang River Estuarine Region ...... 60 4.4 MAJOR ANIMAL SPECIES IN THE WETLANDS OF THE MINJIANG RiVER ESTUARY ...... 60 4.4.1 Bird Species .6...... 60 4 4 2 Wctl/and Plant Specle S ...... I...... 65 4.4.3 WetlandAquatic Life ...... 67 4.5 PRINCIPLE AND PLANNING OF WETLAND PROTECTION ...... 70 4.5.1 Guiding ideology of wetland protection...... 7/ 4.5.2 Basic principle of wetland protection ...... 71 4.5.3 Planningobjective of the wetland protection...... 71 4.5.4 General layout of the wetland protection planning ...... 72 4.5.5 Protectionplan of Puxiazhou (including Xindangzhou) we tland ...... 73 4.6 IMPACT ON ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 74 4.6.1 Impact land ecological environment and mitigation measures...... 74 4.6.2 Impact on water ecological environment and mitigation measures...... 75 4.6.3 Impact on wetland ecological environment and mitigation measures ...... 76 4.6.4 Construction impact on ecological landscape and mitigation measures ...... 76 4.6.5 Measures to protect ecology and prevent water and soil loss ...... 77 5 CURRENT STATUS OF NOISE ENVIRONMENT STATUS, IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 79 5.1 MONITOR AND EVALLATION ON ClCRRENT NOISE STATLS ...... 79 5.1.1 Monitoring method and sampling locations...... 79 5.1.2 Monitoring time ...... 79 5.1.3 StandardJorcurrent noise environment assessment...... 79 5.1.4 Monitored result of current noise environment and assessment...... 80 5.2 ANALYSIS OF NOISE IMPACT DURING CONSTRUCTION PERIOD AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 81 5.2.1 Range and standardof assessment ...... 81 5.2.2 Investigation on noise intensity of construction equipment ...... 82 5.2.3 Forecastingresult of noise...... 82 5.2.4 Assessment of noise during construction period ...... 83 5.3 ASSESSMENT OF TRAFFIC NOISE IMPACT IN OPERATING PERIOD ...... 84 5.3.1 Forecastingmethod of traffic noise ...... 84 5.3.2 Forecastingmode of traffic noise ...... 84 5.3.3 Confirmation of each parameter inforecasting mode ...... 84 6 AMBIENT AIR STATUS, IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 108 6.1.1 Sampling locations ...... 108 6.1.2 Items and Timefor Monitoring...... 108 6.1.3 Standards of Assessment ...... 108 6.1 4 Result and Asewssment of .mbient ai- Monitoring ...... 1099...... 6.3 AMBIENT AIR IMPACT ASSESSMENT D6tRING OPERATION ...... 113
Guangzhou Environment Protection Research Institute III Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
6.3.1 Assessment Factors...... 1133...... 6.3.2 The Characteristicsof Weather in case of pollution ...... 13 6.3.3 Forecastingmode.. 120 6.3.4 Forecast of Impact of Emission of Motor Vehicles on Both Sides of Roads /2. 6.3.5 Impact on Sensitive points...... I /...../3'2 6.3.6 ConC'onclusion ...... 13 7 6.4 Mitigation measures against Pollution of Ambient air /38 6.4.2 Mitigation measures against Pollution of Emission of Motor Vehicles during Operation. 139 6.4.3 Plan and Measuresfor Control of Pollution of Emission of Motor Vlehicles in Fuzhou 141 7 CURRENT WATER ENVIRONMENT STATUS, IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 145 7.1 ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT WATER ENVIRONMENT .. 145 7.1.1 Monitoringsections, Items and Analysis Methods.145 7.1.2 Assessment Standards.146 7.1.3 Water Quality Monitoring Results and Assessment .146 7.2 ANALYSIS OF IMPACT ON WATER ENVIRONMENT DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PERIOD .. 148 7.2.1 Wastewaterfrom Construction of Kuiqi Bridge and the Impact.148 7.2.2 Impact on Water Environment by Construction of Piers of Kuiqi Bridge.150 7.2.3 Analysis of water environment of inland rivers during the construction period.152 7.3 ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT ON WATER ENVIRONMENT DURING OPERATION PERIOD . .153 7.3.1 Scope of assessment . -. . . / 7.3.2 StandardJblrAssessment ...... I .5 7.3.3 Content oJ Assessment and Forecast oJPollution Discharge Volunie I . ... 7.3.4 .4ssessment Factors. 154 7.3.5 Mode of Forecast. . . . 154 7.3.6 Hydrological characteristics . . . ./55 7.3. 7 Results offorecast and assessment...... 155 7.4 ASSESSMENT OF RISK OF ACCIDENTS ON THE BRIDGE DURING THE OPERATION PERIOD ...... 15 8 7.4.1 Subsequences or hazards affecting the water quality of the river in cases of traffic accidents ...... 158 7.5 MEASURES FOR WATER ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION CONTROL ...... 163 7.5.1 Measuresfor water pollution control during the construction period...... 163 7.5.2 Prevention and treatment of water pollution during the operation period...... 164 8 STATUS, ASSESSMENT AND PROTECTION MEASURES FOR CULTURAL PROPERTY ALONG THE ROUTE 165 8.1 CULTURAL PROPERTY ...... 165 8.2 Impact on HistoricalRelics and Culturalproperty ...... 166 8.3 IMPACT OF NANJIANG BINLU ON FANCHUANPlI CATHOLIC CHURCH AND PROTECTION MEASU'RES. . 166 * 8.3.1 Impact of noise and protection measures ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. 8.3.2 Impact ojfvibration and protection mec.sureu- . Error! Bookmark not defined. 83.3 Impacton environmentalai-randprl-oection uilucswn Error! BooAna -ak n ot delined.
8 3 4 ( omparison andi(/ /ee(tion olfla'row o \c%an 1 i / ig Ii, /paX N1112ii/In X1,h Error.! Bookinwa-A laot defined. 8.3.5 Impact on landscapes and restorationand protection rmeasures. Error! Bookmark aoodefuized.
Guangzhou Environment Protection Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
8.4 SUMMARY ...... ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 9 ALTERNATIVE PROPOSAL AND ITS IMPACT ON ENVIRONMENT 174 9.1 ROUTE COMPARISON AND SELECTION FOR NANJIANGBINLULU ROAD ...... 174 9.1.1 Comparison and selection of route design ...... 174 9.1.2 Comparison of Environment-sensitive Points ...... 174 9 1 3 Comparison of the two proposals ...... 175
9 2 Rot 1EFCOMIPARISON AND SI.F(CTION FOR THE 3RD RING ROAD (PHASE II) ...... 175
9 I- ( 0m porM 017 l 0tec 1hnilal indevcs of the route ...... 175
i( 91'Iii , )1 [.I U()1111(',111111 WC/UIIo oi l'oi1 ...... I ...... 175 4) P InI4I>}>( \SXI (,u\l'Pi I " )\. \\I) SI O\I O p Lo( \ IIO\ OF KII QI BRIt)(iE.. F ...... I 76 9 1 S election of 1Bridge PoSition Proposals ...... 176 9J3. (onzpalison and selection of design proposals...... 177 10 RELOCATION AND ITS IMPACT ON RESIDENTS' LIFE 179 10.1 POLICIES AND STATUTES ABOUT IMMIGRANTS' REMOVAL AND RESETTLEMENT ...... 179 10.2 ESTIMATED COST OF RESETTLEMENT AND LAND ACQUISITION FOR NANJIANG BINLU ...... 179 10.2.1 Resettlement and living changes before and after resettlement ...... 180 10.2.2 Resettlement of affected commercial enterprises ...... 183 10.2.3 Resettlement of affected industrialenterprises ...... 184 10.2.4 Resettlement of affected non-profit units...... 185 10.2.5 Resettlement of affected protected units ofcultural relics ...... 185 10.2.6 Resettlement of affected infrastructures...... 186 10.3 ESTIMATES OF COMPENSATION OF LAND ACQUISITION, REMOVAL AND RESETTLEMENT OF THE 3RR/11 ...... 186 10.4 ESTIMATES OF COMPENSATION OF LAND ACQUISITION, REMOVAL AND RESETTLEMENT OF KUIQI BRIDGE ...... 87 11 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION 188 11.1 PRPOSF AND MEANING OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ...... 188 11.2 INVESTIGATION METHOD AND CONTENT ...... I 88 11.3 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ON NANJIANG BINLU ...... 189 11.3.1 First public participationsurvey ...... 189 11.3.2 Second public participationsurvey ...... 191 (2) ISSUES WORRIED BY THE INTERVIEWED PEOPLES 192 11.3.3 Briefsummary on public participationopinions ...... 193 11.4 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION SURVEY ON THE 3RR/II PROJECT ...... 194 11.4.1 First public participation survey ...... 194 11.4.2 Second public participation survey...... 196 11.4.3 Brief summary on public participationopinions ...... 198 11.5 FIRST PUBLIC PARTICIPATION SURVEY ON THE KUIQI BRIDGE PROJECT ...... 199 11.5.1 Firstpublic participationsurvey ...... 199 11.5.2 Second public participation survey ...... 201 11.5.3 Brief summary on public participation opinions...... 2 03 11.6 SUMMARY OF PUBLIC OPINIONS ...... 205 12 ECONOMIC EVALUATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIC GAINS AND LOSSES ANALYSIS 208
Guangzhou Environment Protection Research Institute V Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
12.1 NATIONAI ECONOMY ASSFSSMENT1AND ECoNo\iC Gm\s \Ni) LOSSI SA\ \iMSII N \Ji\1 , BINLL ...... 208 12.1.! National Economy Assessmen ...... 208 12.1.2 Environmental economic Gains and Losses Analysis .209 12.1.3 A Brief Summary of EnvironmentalEconomic Gains and Losses Analysis of NanjiangBinlu ...... 212 12.2 NATIONAL ECONOMY ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIC GAINS AND LOSSES ANALYSIS OF THE3RR/I...212 12.2.1 NationalEconomy Assessment ...... 212 12.2.2 Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of the 3RR'II.213 12.2.3 A Brief Summary of Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of the 3RR/II ..... 2 16 12.2 NATIONAL ECONOMY ASSESSMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIC GAINS AND LOSSES ANALYSIS OF KUIQI BRIDGE ...... 217 12.3.1 NationalEconomy Assessment ...... 2 17 12.3.2 Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge...... 218 12.3.3 A Brief'Summary of Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge 221 12.4 CONCLUSION OF ENVIRONMENTAL. ECONOMIC LOSSES AND GAINS ANALYSIS .. 22 1 13 PLANS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORIN(, 223
13 1 SETUP, PERSONNEL. ARRAN(FIMFN1 AN\ )IRA\I\(, 0)I I \\ IK()\MI \ I M\\ \(,II N\ i\)llI \ I \\ N\I ...... , ,.. , . '..' 13.1 1 Arrangement of fulltime environment protection management personnel in the manigement department of Two Roads & One Bridge . . .223 13.1.2 Function of environmental protection of'the management department .223 13.1.3 Environmental Management .24 13.1.4 Plansfortraining .225 13.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLANS ...... 2...... 227 13.2.1 Samplinglocationsformonitoring...... 227 13.2.2 Monitoringobjects, samplingfrequency and time ...... 228 13.2.3 Responsibilities of monitoring department and management of monitoring data . 229 14 ASSESSMENT CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS230 14.1 ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE Two ROADS AND ONE BRIDGE .. 230 14.2 ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES OF ECOLOGICALAL ENVIRONMENT . .230 14.2.1 EcologicalalEnvironment.230 14.2.2 Impact and mitigation measures on ecologicalal environment.232 14.2.3 Measures of protecting zoology and preventing soil and water loss ...... 2 33 143 CL.RRENTSTATUSOFNOISEFNVIRONMFNT.IMPAC -ASSFSSMI-NI \N)lMI1IGA\TIO\MFASI RlI '234 14.3.1 Current status as.sessmneni oj noise em ironmnenl .34 14.3.2 Noise impact analysis and mitigation measures during c onstruction per-iod . . Error! a Bookmark not defined. * 14.3.3 Noise impact analysis and mitigation measures during operation period... . Error! Bookmark not defined. 14.4 CURRENT STATUS OF AMBIENT AIR QUALITY, IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. 14.4.1 Current status assessment of ambient air quality ...... 235
Guangzhou Environment Protection Research Institute VI Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
14.4.2 Impact of ambient air during construction period and mitigation measures ...... 236 14.4.3 Impact of ambient air duringoperation period and mitigation measures...... 237 14.5 CURRENT STATUS OF WATER ENVIRONMENT, IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES .... 240 14.5.1 Current status of water environment...... 240 14.5.2 Impact on the water environment during constructionperiod and mitigation measure ...... 240 14.5.3 Impact upon the water environment during the operation period and the mitigation measures ...... 242 14.6 IMPACT UPON THE CULTURAL PROPERTY AND THE PROTECTION MEASURES ...... 242 14.6.1 Analysis on impact upon the culturalproperty by the "Two Roads & One Bridge "project 242 14.7 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ...... 242 14.8 GENERAL CONCLUSION ...... 243
Guangzhou Environment Protection Research Institute VII Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
1 General Provision
1.1 Role and Meaning of Building Two Roads and One Bridge
With the rapid development of the economy of Fuzhou in recent years, traffic volume has increased greatly. It is estimated that the motor vehicle fleet of the city will be over 100,000 in 2005. The number of motor vehilcle increases very fast, especially a large number of transit automobiles are driving through on the limited urban roads. But urban road network construction relatively lags behind, thus leading an imbalance between the transportation needs and available roads. The existing urban road network is hardly to bear such huge traffic pressure, so it is necessary to open other passages for transit automobiles
Since urban trunk roads have an overload operation, there are traffic jams in the urban centers all.the time. It has become an important factor to restrict further economic development. Construction of Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RR/11 and Kuiqi Bridge (hereinafter referred to as the two roads and one bridge in this report) would relieve the traffic pressure at the central urban area, which is a need for city's econorruc development and fast transport development.
The proposed roads and bridge are located in Nantai island, a peri-urban area of Fuzhou across Minjiang river from the downtown and urban Fuzhou. Limited by the lack of infrastructure and other factors, the island development is lag behind the urban area. The road construction will provide better access to the urban centre, improve the infrastructure conditions on the island, and thus help the local development, make the island more attractive to outside investments, improvement the standard of living by providing better transportationo infrastructure, and helpl transfer the peri-urban, rural and agricultural communities to an urban and industrial communities.
Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu Project is located at the inner side of the flood dyke on the south bank of Beigang (north branch) of the Minjiang River, Fuzhou, on the Nantai island. It is a part of the north ring road of the proposed island ring road on Nantai Island. It starts from Cangqianlu of the south interchange of the Minjiang Bridge, Sanxianzhou, passes through Jiefang Bridge, the second Minjiang Bridge, the third Minjiang Bridge and the proposed Qianheng Bridge. Nanjiang Binlu is the north ring road of Nantai Island road, a trunk road to connect the old Cangshan urban area with new Chengmen area and an important integral part of Nantai Island ring road. Its function is to form a bank road combining entertainment, landscape and transport.
The second phase of the third ring road (3RR/II) is positioned at the south part of the island. It starts from Wanbian in the west and ends at the south bridgehead of the proposed Minjiang Kuiqi Bridge. The 3RR/II passes through Nantai Island from the southwest to the northeast, which is an expressway to connect the urban area with the University City, Jinshan (Jianxin) and Gaishan area. The 3RR/11 is positioned at the south ring part of the Third Ring Road, which would play a key role in the development and construction of Nantai Island.
Kuiqi Bridge is a key engineering for the east section of the proposed Third Ring Road to cross The Minjiang River, construction of a new bridge across the Minjiang River will greatly shorten the distance from north to south, that will become convenient and fast. Meanwhile, the project will connect
Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 8 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project with the airport highway, which shall not only shorten the distance between the central urban area and Changle International Airport and area along the airport expressway, but also add exit to Fuzhou in its east part. The construction of this project will not only perfect the third ring expressway, but also greatly promote the road network construction along the third ring line and perfect Fuzhou's urban road network structure.
The construction of Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RR/II and Kuiqi Bridge will be conducive to land development and construction of the new area, and to the development of the traffic and the city. It will play an important role in promoting the development and construction of Cangshan District and Nantai Island, improving the investment environment, promoting the city's economic development and exertion of a provincial central city. Therefore, the construction of the two roads and one bridge conforms to the need to implement the strategy of "expansion in the east, extension in the south and exploitation in the west". The construction of the new area will not only exploit the city scale, but also promote the land development, improve the land utilization rate along the line, promote the redevelopment of the old urban area. It will play an important role in relieving urban land tenure and transport pressure. and scattering dense population. After the construction of the two roads and one bridge is completed, the cit size will be expanded, and Fuzhou will step into a new economic development phase.
1.2 Environmental Assessment Purpose The purpose of the EA is to guarantee the rationality and correctness of the decision-making of the project on environment, and to ensure that any environmental results shall be confirmed before the construction of the project, so as to take environmental impact into consideration in project selection. Environment assessment puts forward the mitigation measures for adverse environmental impact so as to minirnize the impact on environment and avoid taking corrective measures for various possible damages occurred after completion of project construction.
1.3 Basis for EA
The assessment has been based on the applicable laws, regulations, standards, policies, regional plans as well as other project preparation documents, and World Bank safeguard policies. More specifically, the basis of EA includes: * ((Environmental Protection Law of the People's Republic of China)) (December, 1989); * ((Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Noise Pollution)) (October. 1996): * < .Lav of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Atmosphere Polluti on ( Rc. i cd in Apr-il. 2(00). * ((Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Water Pollution)) (Revised in May, 1996); * ((Law of the People's Republic of China on Soil and Water Conservation)) (June 29, 1991) * ((Regulations of the People's Republic of China for Implementation of the Soil and Water Conservation Law)) (August 1, 1993); * ((Law of the People's Republic of China on Land Management)) (January 1, 1999); * ((Regulations of the People's Republic of China for Implementation of the Land Management Law)) (On December 27, 1998);
Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 9 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
* ((Interim Regulations of Motorcycle Discard)) , effective as of October 1, 2002; * ((Law of the People's Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Environmental Pollution of the Solid Waste)) (October, 1995); * "Circular on Publication of ((List of Environmental Protection and Management of the Construction Project)) (the first batch), ( [2001] No.17 document issued by the State Bureau of Environmental Protection)"; * A(Cultural property Protection Law of the People's Republic of China)) (effective as of October 28, 2002) * ((Environmental Protection Regulation of Fujian Province)), 2002; * ((Fuzhou's General Planning )) (1995-2010); * ((Environment Protection Regulation of Fuzhou)), 2002; * ((Fuzhou's City Environment Planning )) (September, 2001); * ((Nantai Island's Environment Planning of Fuzhou)) (September, 2000); * City Horticulture and Forestation Management of Fuzhou (2001); * ((Measuring Method of Environmental noise at Urban Area (GB/T14623-93))) * The standard of the environmental protection sector - ((Technical Guidance for Environmental Impact Assessment (HJ/T2.1 -2.3-93))) of the Peoples Republic of China: * The standard of the environmental protection sector - ((Technical Guidance (Noise Environment) (HJ/T2.4-1995) for Environmental Impact Assessment)) of the People's Republic of China; * (( Technical Guidance (non-pollution ecological impact) for Environmental Impact (HJ/TI9-1997))) ; * ((Assessment Standard of Environmental Impact of the Highway Construction Project (JTJO05-96))) * ((Assessment Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Impact)) (effective on September 1, 2003); * NO.253 document ((Environmental Protection Management Regulations of the Construction Project)) promulgated by the State Council in 1998; * (3) ((Notice on Strengthening the Environmental Impact Assessment Management of the Project Loaned by the International Financial Intuitions)), Huanjian (1993) No.324; * The Business Manual of the World Bank - Environment Assessment (OP4.01); * The Business Manual of the World Bank - Natural Ecological Environmental Protection (OP4.04); * The Business Manual of the World Bank - Cultural Relic Protection of the Project Financed by The World Bank (OP4. 11); * ((Proposal of the Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu Project (including the pre-feasibility study report))) * ((Proposal of the 3RR/II of Fuzhou (including the pre-feasibility study report))); * ((Proposal of the Fuzhou Kuiqi Bridge Project (including the pre-feasibility study report))) * "Pre-assessment Site Investigation of the Fuzhou City Traffic Project Loaned by the World Bank" (consultation conmments given by the specialist group); * Fuzhou Urban and Rural Planning Bureau, Rongguizong [2002] No.237 ((Reply on Coordination and Settlement of the Issues of the Three Projects Loaned by the World Bank)); * Outline of the environmental impact assessment. In accordance with the requirements of the * State Bureau of Environmental Protection and the World Bank, an assessment outline of the 3RRIII, Nanjiang Binlu and Kuiqi Bridge was drawn up before environmental impact assessment. The outline was approved by the State Bureau of Environmental Protection after being expounded by the specialists organized by the State Bureau and as well as reviewed and confirmed by the specialists of the World Bank.
Guangzhou Environmental Research Instittute 10 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project
1 4 Assessment Range
According to the results derived from road monitoring, domestic and foreign data of environmental -impact resulted from the roads and bridges, after the road is open to traffic, vehicle emission impact is usually within a range of 200-300m on each side of the road, but mainly within a range of 200m. In accordance with stipulations on environmental assessment range of a highway construction project as set in ((Standard for Environmental Impact Assessment of a Construction Project) (JTJO05-96), the environmental impact of the 3RR/II, Nanjiang Binlu Project and Kuiqi Bridge Project (two roads and one bridge) is shown in Table 1.4-1.
Table 1.4-1 The environmental impact assessment range of the two roads and one bridge No. Ass. Factor Assessment range Social Residential, cultural, educational, social facilities, cultural property and environment tourist spots within 200m along the central line of the road. 500m each on upstream and downstream of a bridge across the Kuiqi Water section of the Minjiang River, analyze the water with water quality environment materials obtained through monitoring at the Kuiqi State water quality section of the Minjiang River. Air Atmosphere monitoring at residential and sensitive points within 200m _ renirnment on each side of the road Noise i Noise monitoring at existing buildings within lOOm on each side of the 4 enviroiset road and r-esidential points within 200m on each side of the suburb __ envionment automotive road. EcoloIcal Land ecological study on vegetation and farm crops within 200m on each 5 ecological side of the automotive road; investigate water ecology of the Minjiang section and the river near the road. 6 Landscape Investigation on forest, farm landscape and geologic landscape 200m on 6 environment each side of the automotive road. Assessment on society, atmosphere, noise, ecology and landscape basically 500m on each side of the automotive road; analyze the water 7 Summary with water quality materials obtained through monitoring at the Kuiqi State water quality section of the Minjiang River.
1.5 Assessment Contents and Key Points
(1) Assessment Contents
Project engineering analysis: including line direction and selection, sensitive points along the line, analysis of environmental impact of the vehicle, and measures for environmental prevention and treatment;
Impact of noise and vehicle emission on environment, vibration impact of individual section on environment.
Impact of urban road on landscape and ecological environment;
Impact of noise, waste gas and floating dust produced during construction on environment;
Public opinions on construction of the 3RR/II, Nanjiang Binlu and Kuiqi Bridge, impact of relocation and resettlement on environment;
Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 11 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
Analysis of the alternative plan: make comparisons among several plans for environmental protection measures of the 3RR/II, Nanjiang Binlu and Kuiqi Bridge; analyze impact of treatment plan and line selection on environment, choose a plan to minimize the environmental impact.
(2) Key points for assessment
On the basis of project features and vehicle noise impact on sensitive points along the road, impact of road construction on ecology (mainly wetland) and cultural property shall be the key points for assessment.
1.6 Environment functional areas and implementation standard within the assessment area
1.6.1 Noise environment functional area
In accordance with relevant specifications as stated in the ((Fuzhou City Environment Planning)), the functional area within the project noise environment assessment range is mainly,divided into two categories. Category-B area standard as set in the ((GB3096-93)) shall apply to the noise environment quality. Refer to Table 1.7-1 for environmental noise standard values at those functional areas.
Table 1.7-1 Assessment standard for noise environment quality Unit: dB(A) Road Type Day Night Remark Bmlu2 60 50 ~~~Category-B area standard applies to most of Nanjiang Binlu 2 60 50 the road sections Category-D area standard applies to 4 70 55 Cangqianlu (1.lkm) between Sanxiangzhou Bridge and Jiefang Bridge Phase-II of the Third 2 Category-B area standard applies Ring Road 60 50 Kuigi Bridge 2 60 50 Category-B area standard applies School, hospital and I 55 45 Category A area kantergarden e
1.7.2 Air Environment Functional Area
In accordance with relevant specifications as stated in the ((Fuzhou City Environrnent Planning)), the Category-B standard as set in the ((Environment Air Quality Standard (GB3095-1996))) (Revised edition))) shall apply to all sections within the environmental air assessment area of Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RR/II and Kuiqi Bridge. Refer to Table 1.7-2 for concrete standard values.
Giiangzhotl EnvFiranmnental RPSpalrCh Inst i ttitp Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
'Tahle 1 7-2 Fnvironment air quality standard values unite: mg'm3 Monitoring Value-taken Linuted Standard factol tuniie concentrate value CO I h 10.00 (( Environment Air Quality Standard
NlO, Ih 0.24 (GB3095-1996))) Category-B standard
1.7.3 Water environment functional area and implementation standard
In accordance with ((Fuzhou City Environment Planning)) , the Category-C standard as set in the ((Surface Water Environment Quality Standard (GB3838-2002))) shall apply to Beigang river section along Nanjiang Binlu, river section where Kuiqi Bridge crosses and Nangang river section close to the Phase-II of the Third Ring Road.
1.8 Emission Standard
(1) ((Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method of the Light-duty Vehicle (L))) (GB 18352. 1-2001); (2) ((Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method of the Light-duty Vehicle ())) (GB 18352.2-2001); (30) (.imited Fmission Value and Measuring Method of the Automotive Compression Ignition Engine)) (GB17691-2001) the second time period; (4) ((Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method of the Automotive Ignition Engine and Vehicle Fitted with Ignition Engine)) (GBI4762-2002): (5) Lumrted Emission Value and Measuring Method (idling method) of the Motorcycle and Trail bike)) (GB14621-2002); (6) ((Limited Noise Value of the Motorcycle and Trail bike)) (GB16169-1996); (7) ((Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method (working method) of the Motorcycle)) (GB 14622-2002); (8) ((Lirnited Emission Value and Measuring Method (working method) of the Trail bike)) (GB 18176-2002); (9) ((Limited Noise Value of the Construction Site Boundary (GB12523-96))) (10) ((Standard Limited Noise Value of the Construction Site Boundary)) (GB12523-96) limited noise value at various construction phases; (11) ((Sewage Comprehensive Drainage Standard)) (GB8978-96) Class-II standard.
Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 13 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
2 Project Description and Engineering Analysis
2.1 Status and Role of the 3RR/II and Nanjiang Binlu in the Traffic Planning of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu is situated on the south bank of Beigang of The Minjiang River, Fuzhou. The Phase-Il of the Third Ring Road crosses Nantai Island from southwest to northeast. Kuiql Bridge lb the kc) project of the proposed east section of the Third Ring Road crossing Minjiang River. The strike and location of the two roads and one bridge is shown in Fig. 2. 1-1
Nanjiang Binlu Project is situated inside the flood bulkhead line on the south bank of Beigang of the Minjiang River and is the North Ring of the proposed Nantai Island Ring Road. It starts from Cangqianlu of the south interchange of Sanxianzhou Minjiang Bridge, crosses Jiefang Bridge, No.2 Minjiang Bridge, NO.3 Minjiang Bridge, proposed Qianheng Bridge, ends at Qiannanlu. Nanjiang Binlu is the North Ring Road of Nantai Island Road, and is a road along the river with integrated leisure, sightseeing and traffic. Thus its construction will not only perfect the road network of Nantai Island, but also enhance the density of the sub-trunk road network of Fuzhou urban area as well as meet the needs of the residents in circumferential areas.
The 3RR/II crosses Nantai Island from southwest to northeast, is the turbo channel connecting University Town, Jinshan (Jianxin), Gaishan zones in urban area. The 3RR/Il starts from the north end of the proposed Wanbian Bridge, runs along south side of Yixu Airport, crosses Fuxialu, Fuqian Expressway, and ends at the south end of the proposed Minjiang Kuiqi Bridge. Construction of the 3RR/II will be helpful to development and construction of land in new areas and to promotion of transportation guiding city development, as well as will have enormous significance in promotimt development and construction in C(angshan area and exeni the whole Nanlal Islauid. impno\ me, investment environment, promote developmernt ol urbaii eionomy. anid C\cui tm; [IKc W OIIL I. i, .L,.- the provincial capital city. Therefore, the construction of the 3R.RII will meet the need for implementation of the strategy "expansion in the east, extension in the south and exploitation in the west".
For construction of Kuiqi Bridge, a new bridge crossing the Minjiang River downstream has completed, which reduces greatly the distance of south to north and makes the traffic more shortcut and speedy. At the same time, combined with the airport highway, the project not only reduces the distance from Changle Airport to the area along the expressway to the city center, but also gives an additional outlet to eastern part of Fuzhou city. According to traffic plan to perfect the city center road network, Kuiqi Bridge is the key project of the proposed east section of the Third Ring Road crossing Minjiang River. Construction of the project will not only perfect the Third Ring Road, but also effectively promote the construction of the road network along the Third Ring Road and perfect the road network structure of Fuzhou city. Based on the project, Gushan zone may reconstruct its road network and streamline the internal roads. At the same time, the project radiates to the whole Nantai Island and connects the road network of Nantai Island and those of Gutai, Gushan and Mawei as a whole. Therefore the proposed project is an urgent need for perfecting the road network of the urban area.
GLlangzhotl Env i ronmenta I Research Inst ititte 1 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
2.2 Road strike and interchanges 2.2.1 Nanjiang Binlu and interchanges
The Nanjiang Binlu project starts from Cangqianxilu, runs along the north bank line of Nantai Island to lc\cl-cross liefanr Brid&c. and crosses h Minliang Bridge and Aofengzhou Bridge. and ends at Qianhengnanlu. The total length is '§23km and the proposed width is 40m.
lMonLthe \hole \anlianu Rinlu. the Cangqian Trestle of 160m wide will be built wit the method of prestressed beam bridge and two 20m medium bridges with the method of prestressed simple-supported beam bridge.
2.2.2 The 3RR/II and interchanges
The 3RR/II starts from the north end of the proposed Wanbian Bridge and ends at Nanjiangbinlulu, i.e. the south end of the proposed Minjiang Kuiqi BTidge. The total length of the road is 12.474km and the road width is 79m and 50m respectively.
The road starts from the north end of the proposed Wanbian Bridge, runs through Shangqi Village, Sanbianzhou, Difengjiang River, Menqianzhou New Village, Pukou Village, Qianyuan Village, Aoshan Village, north side of Fujian College of Information and Technology, Duyuan Village, and joins Fuxialu between Sanfeng Shoes Company and Futeng Industrial Zone. The width of the road section is 79m. After crossing the intersection of Fuxialu, the Third Ring Road runs from west to east, and along the east end of the proposed the Third Ring Road-Fuxialu interchange to Chengmengshan, Fuqian Expressway. and to south end of the proposed Kuiqi Bridge, and than to the intersection with Iulli II- \:rcss\\;-:1 * threc-lavered interchanoe will be built there. The width of the road section is
Mlonu the whole line of the 3RR'1I. 2 interchanges and 2 grade separations will be built. among which will be a cloverleaf type interchange at the starting point and the north end of Wanbian Bridge, at Nantai Island Dilu and that at Fuxialu intersection will be grade separations. There will be a large bridge with a length of 420m and 8 medium and small bridges with a total length of 316m along the road.
2.2.3 Kuiqi Bridge and interchange
The south end of Kuiqi Bridge is situated at south side of Linpu Village and Shaoqi Village, connects with the 3RR/II (corresponding to the 3RR/II Pile No. Kl 1+610), and runs north along the proposed the Third Ring Road and crosses the Minjiang River. The north end of Kuiqi Bridge on the north bank of the Minjiang River connects the Beijiang Binlu interchange, which is the end of the bridge.
The total length of the main bridge and approaches will be 1.l1 km, among which the main bridge is 360m and the approaches on two sides are 750m. On the north bank will be a combined interchange for Beijiang Binlu and airport highway. The length of the bridge for pedestrians and bicycles will be 200m. The deck width of Kuiqi Bridge in this project will be 36.0m. The bridge area will be 41200 square meters. The combined interchange and ramp on the north bank will be 8.5m wide, with an area of 22901 square meters. The bridge for pedestrians and bicycles will be 5m wide, with an area of 1000 bquare meters.
Guangzhoti Environmental Research Instituite 15 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project
23 Design standard
Major technical standard No. Item Nanjiang Binlu The 3RR/II Kuiqi Bridge I 1 otal line length (m) 52300 12474 1110 (wherein main bridge 360 long ) 2 Road category City Grade I City expressway City expressway sub-trunk Rd. 3 Designed traffic capacity 780-875pcu/h 1500times/day 4 Designed traveling speed 40-50 80 80 Km/h 5 Lane width (m) 3.75, 3.5 3.75, 3.5 Number of lanes Bidirectional 4 Bidirectional 6 lanes Short-term Design based 6 lanes on 6 lanes. 8 lanes reserved for long-term plan. Interchange net height (m) 5.0 5.0 for motorized vehicle 7 lane, 2.5 for nonmotorized vehicle lane and pedestrian way 8 Bridge deck width (m) 69.5 36. 0 9 Median dividing strip Min. width 2.00 width (im) 10 Marginal strip width (m) i 0.5 11 Standard axle load in 100 100 pavement design KN
Max. longitudinal slope %/0 2.5 ( for recommendation 4: hnmi 12 nonmotorized 6 vehicle) 13 Max. superelevation slope 6 Min. radius of circular 300. 400 1000 14 curve without super elevation (m) in. radius of circular 500, 700 2000 15 curve without transition curve (m) Min. radius of circular 250 16 curve with super elevation (m) 17 Min. length of transition 70 curve (m) 18 Min. length of horizontal 140 curve (im) 19 Min. length of circular 70 curve (im) Min. radius of convex General 600, limit General4500, limit 3000 vertical curve ( m) 1350 21 Min. radius of concave General 700, limit vertical curve ( m) 1050 _ 22 Min. length of vertical 70. (nmR ) acurve 1
Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 16 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
23 Min. length of 110 290 longitudinal slope (im) Min. linear length between 480 24 adjacent curves in same direction (m) Min. linear length between 160 25 adjacent reverse curves (m) Min. net distance between 1000 6 interchanges (m) _ Min. length of horizontal 1000/- 27 curve with small turning ( <70) (m) 28 Designed carload for City Grade B City Grade A City Grade A _bridge and culvert Anti-seismic standard seismic peak Basic intensity 7, seismic Based on ((Evaluation 29 acceleration 0.1 g peak acceleration 0. I g Report on Seismic Safety in Project Site>) Designed flood frequency Every one hundred Every one hundred years Every three hundred years 30 years Navigation channel grade II (for seacrafts less than 1000 tons); Designed return period of 31 Navigation standard flood of the highest navigable stage: 20 years; Net width of single hole bidirectional navigation: 15
______to 17 m . Calculated traveling speed Intersected with in ramp (km/h) speedway: 50-40; Intersected with arterial 32 road for communication:- 45-35: Intersected with arterial road :40-10 Width of ramp fo >7 unidirectional travel (im) 34 Width of ramp bridge (mn) 8.5 Transition length of 60 35 parallel speed change lane (m) Control based on 36 Transition section of direc external rim slope, pull speed change lane out: 1/15 to 1/120, pull in: 1/30 Along traveling 37 Min. distance of ramp direction, going out and intersection (m) coming in: 55; Others: 10 Min. length 85 to 65 38 Min. length of rami for ramp speed of 50 to circular curve (m) 40; 65 for speed of 40 to .______30 .
: " >. ] 111i:!; 1,19 ,œ, ~~~~~~~~~~17 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project
Ranip ltiuth 'h tol. Ioi 39 length of deceleration lane ramp speed ot 30 to 40. m) 85 to 95 for speed oi 40 to 3o Ramp le ngth I 6U to 2 1u 40 length of acceleration lane for ramp speed of 50 to 40(in) 40; 210 to 230 for speed of 40 to 30.
2.4 Road cross section 2.4.1 Road cross section of Nanjiang Binlu
The proposed Nanjiang Binlu of 40m wide is arranged as follows: 3m (pedestrian way) +1.5m (tree hole) +3.5m (nonmotorized vehicle lane) +3.5m +3.5m (side separator) +17m (bidirectional 4 lanes) +3.5m (side separator) +3.5m (nonnotorized vehicle lane) +1 .5m (tree hole) 3m (pedestrian way) = 40m (total width), see Fig. 2.4-1.
2.4.2 Road cross section of the 3RR/II
I ) The road section from starting point to Fuxialu -- in form of 4 roadways with a road width of 79m. According to ((Urban Road Design Specification" and road section t-affic predicted. the cro> section is proposed as: 8m (pedestrian way - nonrmotorized vehicle lane) - (.Sm (separatoi) +8.5m (auxiliary lane) +5.25m (dividing strip) -15.75m (tast lane) "-3m (median dividing strip) +15.75m (fast lane) +5.25m (dividing strip) +8.5m (auxiliary lane) - 0.5m (separator) - 8m (pedestrian way + nonmotorized vehicle lane).
2) The road section from Fuxialu to the terminal - in form of 4 roadways with a road width of 79m. According to ((Urban Road Design Specifications)) and predicted road section traffic, the cross section is proposed as: 3m (pedestrian way) +1.5m (tree hole) +3.5m (nonmotorized vehicle lane) +8.5m (auxiliary road) +16m (interchanges to be built with a road surface width of 33.5m) +8.5m (auxiliary road) +3.5m (nonmotorized vehicle lane) +1.5m (tree hole) +3m (pedestrian way), see Fig. 2.4-2.
2.4.3 Road cross section of Kuiqi Bridge
The bridge deck width will be 36m. Cross section: 2m (pedestrian way) +1m (movable separators and marginal strip) +3m (nonmotorized vehicle lane) +11.25m (3 lanes) +1.5m (anti-collision guardrail) +11.25m (3 lanes) +3m (nonmotorized vehicle lane) +Im (movable separators and marginal strip) +2 m (pedestrian way), see Fig. 2.4-3.
2.5 Drainage system 2.5.1 Nanjiang Binlu drainage system
One side of the road is close to or near the Minjiang River. The road starts from Sanxianzhou Bridge and ends at 200m south to the Third Ring Road, between which along the line are Jiefang Bridge. Minjiang Bridge, Aofeng Bridge, Xindangzhou, Puxiazhou and villages such as Shaoqi Village. The watercourses available along the line are Gangtou River, Longjin River branch, Yuejin River, Pandun
GLiangzhou Environniental Research Institute 18 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
River, Linpu River. The road will be built mostly by earth fill. Design elevation of the pavement is basically higher than blocks and villages along the road. Most of road drainage system can only be used to drain rainwater from the road. The road section from Sanxianzhou Bridge to Jiefang Bridge will make use of the existing road and part of the section will be transformed, and the existing drainage system will also be utilized to drain water as far as possible. The road drainage system from Jiefang Bridge to Gangtou River and from Linpu River to the design road end shall be used to drain rainwater and sewage from the pavement and from along the road.
The road drainage will adopt rainwater/sewage separation system. The Fuzhou rainfall formula is adopted in rainwater design with a design recurrence interval of I year. The standard of sewage amount will be assumed as lOOt/ha-d and the rainwater pipe will designed based on full flow and the sewage pipe \ ill be designed based on non-full flow. The mnnimum diameter of main rainwater pipe is D500 and the maximum D2000. The diameter of main sewage pipe is D400.
2.5.2 Drainage system of the 3RRIII
2.5.2.1 Baseline and drainage plan
The road project starts from Wanbian Bridge and ends at the south end of the proposed Kuiqi Bridge with a total length of 12.474km. The road is flanked almost by villages and the water is drained by overflow on the ground and through side ditches, no rainwater/sewage piping available. The inland rivers the road crosses or runs along are all natural watercourses having not been dredged or trimmed. The rainwater/sewage separation system is adopted for the proposed project. The rainwater along the road will be drained nearby and its outlets will be arranged in Yangqi River, Mupai River, Wushan River, Wushan River Branch, Zhulan River, Difeng River, Baihuting River, Luocheng River and Linpu River etc.
The proposed sewage drainage is divided into two sections. For the road section from the starting point to Fuxialu, according to ((Preliminary Feasibility Study on Fuzhou Lianban Sewage Disposal Plant)), The maximum diameter of the proposed main trunk pipe for the road will be dl200mm, it serves to collect the sewage from Gaishan and Chengmen zones, with a serving area of 8.4km2, and the main trunk pipe will lead to sewage lift pump station near Fuxialu. For the road section from Fuxialu to the endpoint. it serves to collect the sewage from the sewage from Sanfeng Shoes Company, Futeng Industrial Zone and the vicinity on both sides of the Third Ring Road and drain it into the existing sev age piping tn Fuxialu.
2.5.2.2 Design principle
The design recurrence interval for rainwater is one year, and the surface runoff coefficient is 0.75. Rainwater/sewage separation system is adopted. The rainwater piping is designed based on full flow. The sewage piping is designed based on non-full flow.
The minimum diameter of the rainwater main pipe is d4OOmm and the maximum d2000mm. The minimum diameter of the rainwater branch pipe is d400mm and that of rainwater connecting pipe d300mm. The spacing between access galleys is about 30m. The minimum diameter of the sewage main pipe is d400nun, and the maximum dl200mm. The minimum diameter of the sewage branch pipe
19 Giiangzhoii EnmironlTlental Research Institllte EnvironmeriLal Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pern-Urban Development Project is d300mm. The pipe specification and materials shall accord with GBI-1836-89. Choose relative parameters in accordance with ((Design specification of Outdoor Drainage)) and check them according to the current standard.
The minimum flow velocity of rainwater is 0.75m/s and that of sewage 0.6m/s.
To coordinate with pipelines construction of public services and facilities in the design road section, the buried depth of top designed rainwater/sewage piping will be 1.5-2.0m. Rainwater/sewage pipes will be laid in pedestrian way or auxiliary lane for easy maintenance.
When sewage piping goes through an internal river, inverted siphon will be adopted and access opening provide.
User's branch piping is preserved within the range of 70 to 100m.
2.6 Construction scale and investment 2.6.1 Construction scale and investment of Nanjiang Binlu
Nanjiang Binlu starts at the starting pile No.0+000 of Cangqianxilu. ends at the proposed Qianhengnanlu, with a total length of 5.23km. The proposed wvidth of the road is 50m. I otal investment of the project is 692.4 million yuan. The project construction fund is proposed to be raised partially through project owner equity and partially by borrowing from domestic banks and the World Bank. Details of the source of project financing are presented in Table 2.6-1.
Table 2.6-1 Project Financing for Nanjiang Binglu Source of fund Amount(ten Accounting for the thousand yuan) total ( °) Financial allocations from Fuzhou municipality and 15628.78 . 22.6 raised by the project entity self Loan of domestic commercial banks 32839.26 47.4 Loan of World Bank 20772.02 30.0 Total 69240.06 100
2.6.2 Construction scale and investment of the 3RR/II
The 3RR/II project starts from the north end of the proposed Wanbian Bridge and ends at Nanjiangbinlulu, i.e. the south end of the proposed Minjiang Kuiqi Bridge. The total length of the road is 12.474km and the road width is 100 to 50m. The project is designed In accordance with urban speedway. Two interchanges and two grade separations will be for the road. Anid there \xtIl be a laitg bridge with a length of 420m and 8 medium and small bridges with total length of 316m along the road.
Total investment of the project is 1845.6864 million yuan. The project construction fund is proposed to be raised by equity from the project owner, financial budget allocations from Fuzhou municipality, loans from domestic banks and a loan from the World Bank. Details of the sources of the project financing are presented in Table 2.6-2.
Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 20 Environnmental lImpact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project
Table 2.6-2 Project Financing of the 3RR/II Sourcle of fund Amount(ten Accounting for the thousand yuan) total ( %) Financial budget allocations from Fuzhou 54470.59 30.00 Municipality and project owner equity investment Loans of domestic commercial banks 67633.49 37.00 Loan of World Bank 59464.56 33.00 Total 184568.64 100
2.6.3 Construction scale and investment of Kuiqi Bridge
Total investment of the self-anchored suspension bridge scheme (recommended scheme) of Fuzhou Kuiqi Bridge Project is 461.1283 million yuan. The project construction fund is proposed to be raised by self-financing of project entity, financial allocations from Fuzhou Municipality, loans from domestic baniks and loan from the World Bank. For the source of construction fund, see Table 2.6-3.
Table 2.6-3 Project Financing for the Bridge Source of fund Amount(ten Accounting for the thousand yuan) total (%) Financial allocations from Fuzhou municipality 13833.85 30.00 Loan of domestic commercial banks 16139.49 37.00 Loan of World Bank 16139.49 33.00 Total 46112.83 100
2.7 Traffic forecast For traffic flows of road sections of Nanjiang Binlu on the whole day in characteristic years and during rush hours are presented in Table 2.7-1 and Table 2.7-2; that of the 3RR/II in Table 2.7-3 and Table 2.7-4; and that of Kuiqi Bridge in Table 2.7-5.
Table 2.7-1 Bidirectional sectional flow of Nanjiang Binlu during rush hours (pcu) Road section 2005 2010 2015 2020 2022 from Aofengzhou Bridge to 1020 1355 1915 2016 2198 Qianhengnanlu from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou 1528 2028 2459 2890 3075 Bridge
Table 2.7-2 Bidirectional sectional flow of Nlanjiang Binlu during whole day (pcu) Road section 2005 2010 2015 2020 2022 frini AOfeng7hou Bridge to Qianhengnanlu 12755 16937 23685 25202 27475 from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou 19105 25352 30738 35123 38435 Bridge
Table 2.7-3 Bidirectional sectional flow of the 3RR/II during rush hours (pcu) Road section 2010 2020 2025 2028 Wanbian Bridge - Fuxialu 4591 5745 6664 7282 Fuxialu - Wanbian Bridge 4491 5596 6491 6549
Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 21 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Islaind Pert-Urbani Developilmenit Project
Table 2.7-4 Bidirectional sectional flow of the 3RR/11I on a whole day (pcu) Road section 2010 2020 2025 2028 Wanbian Bridge - Fuxialu 56122 70218 81453 89006 Fuxialu - Wanbian Bridge 54881 68393 79336 80052
Table 2.7-5 Traffic Forecast for Kuiqi Bridge in Characteristic Years 2010 2015 2020 2026 Year Traffic pcu/day 30156 48974 67792 78639
Based on the current composition features of the road transportation in Nantai Island area, current and future transportation policies, preliminary Fuzhou logistics plan as well as future transportation development plans in Nantai Island area, and in view of the transportation features of the 3RR/II and Nanjiang Binlu and their functional variation in the near future, the composition of vehicles on Nantat Island in characteristic years is shown in the table below:
Table 2.7-6 Composition of vehicles on Nantai Island (O,) Year Passenger car Taxi Bus Light truck Truck Total 2010 30 7 17 12 34 100 2020 35 8 14 12 31 100 2028 40 8 12 12 28 100
2.8 Analysis on emission of major pollutants
This section identifies the key pollutants likely associated with the implementation of this project. Detailed assessment of impacts from these pollutants to the natural and social environments is presented in the later chapters of this report. 2.8.1 Vehicle emission
2.8.1.1 Analysis of pollution source during construction
The generation sources resulting in atmospheric pollution during construction include: construction excavation and transport vehicles, rising dust resulted from the traveling construction machinery: handling, transportation and stacking of building materials (cemenit, lime. sandstone as \Well as rlstnIc and falling of dredged spoil during its stacking and transportationi: exhatsl 1mmt10111 C11ttlll OI machines and vehicles. Of all these, dusts will have major impact on environmental air.
2.8.1.2 Analysis of pollution source during operation
The emission factor of a single vehicle shall accord with the state standard. For light vehicles, ((Limited Ermission Value and Measuring Method of the Light-duty Vehicle ( ))) (GB18352.2-2001) and ((Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method of the Automotive Compression Ignition Engine)) (GB17691-2001) shall be adopted. For second period and heavy vehicle, the form for phase II of ((Limited Emission Value and Measuring Method of the Automotive Compression Ignition Engine)) (GB17691-2001) shall be adopted to check the requirements of emission limits. For calculation of motor vehicle emission, see Table 2.8-1 and 2.8-2.
Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 22 Fn %,, Imn il I impaci Nsscssnicnt I II/floli \aii kladd Pel-, t Thai) Dc\clopnlcnt ProIcct
.ihik'b 7 1 I inilim,n liiustW of poillutanits firomnl holit vehicles . Init: g/kmrvehicle
I,L Kl. I I .I_'A"__I_"qu,. Lim Type RM/kg C (LI) HC+NOX (L,) PMIo (L3) Spark Compression Spark Non-direct Direct Nondirect Direct ignited ignition engine ignited injection injection injection injection engine engine compression compression compression compression ignition engine ignition ignition engine ignition engine engine I All 2.2 1.0 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.08 0.10 11 RM!9250 2.2 1.0 0.5 0.7 0.9 0.08 0.10 1250 Table 2.8-2 Emission limits of pollutants from heavy vehicles Unit: g/km'vehicle CO HC [NOX |PM 4.0 1.10 7.0 0.15 Note: Nitric oxides are expressed as equivalence of nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ). Based on the traffic floxA of various types of vehicle in each road section and parameters such as emrission factors of emission of various types of vehicles. the emission source, strength of motor ehicles during rush hours in each road section may be calculated with the following formula: Wherein: Oj - emission source strength of the gaseous pollutant of class J, g/(s.km) Ai - traffic per hour of type i vehicle in year forecast; Eij - emission factor of single vehicle of class J pollutant of type i vehicle in year forecast, g/(vehicle'km). The emission source strength of the roads and the bridge has been calculated as listed in Table 2.8-3 and 2.8-7. Table 2.8-3 Emission source strength of emission of motor vehicles in major road sections of Nanjiang Binlu during rush hours (unit: g/km s) Road section 2010 2015 2020 HC CO NOx HC CO NOx HC CO NOx2 Aofengzhou Bridge to 0.23 1.55 1.44 0.32 2.22 2.06 0.34 2.34 2.17 Kuiqi Bridge Aofeng7hou Bridge to 0.34 2.35 2.18 0.42 2.85 2.65 0.49 3.35 3.11 | Sanxianzhou Bridge Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 23 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 2.8-4 Emission source strength of emission of motor vehicles in major road sections of Nanjiang Binlu with daily mean traffic (unit: g/km-s) Road section 2010 2015 2020 HC CO NOx HC CO NOx HC CO NOx Aofengzhou Bridge to Kuiqi 0.12 0.82 0.76 0.17 1.14 1.06 0.18 1.22 1.13 Bridge Aofengzhou Bridge to 0.18 1.22 1.14 0.22 1.48 1.38 0.25 1.70 1.58 Sanxianzhou Bridge Table 2.8-5 Emission source strength of emission of motor vehicles in major road sections of 3RR/lI during rush hours (unit: g/km s) Road section 2010 2020 2025 _ _ _ HC _H CO NOx HC CO NOx HC CO NOx Wanbian Bridge 0.72 5.07 4.55 0.90 6.35 5.70 1.04 7.36 6.61 to _ _ _ Fuxialu ______ Bridge 0.70 4.96 4.45 0.87 6.18 5.55 1.01 7.17 6.44 Table 2.8-6 Emission source strength of emission of motor vehicles in major road sections of 3RR/II with daily mean traffic (unit: g/kn-s) Road section 2010 2020 2025 HCG CO NOx HG GO NOx HC CO NOx Wanbian Bridge 0.36 2.58 2.32 0.46 3.23 2.90 0.53 3.75 3.37 to Fuxialu l l l l l FuxialutoKuiqi 0.36 2.53 2.27 0.44 3.15 2.83 0.52 3.65 3.28 Bridge ______ Table 2.8-7 Emission source strength of emission of motor vehicles at Kuiqi Bridge during rush hours (unit: g/km s) Kuiqi 22010 2020 BridRe CO NOX CO'( )' g 2 54 1.62 1 64 |3 Note: Nitric oxides are expressed as equivalence of nitrogen dioxide (No 2.8.2 Noise 2.8.2.1 Analysis on noise source strength during construction During construction of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu, 3RR/II and Kuiqi Bridge, the noise sources include mainly various kinds of engineering construction machines, asphalt mixers and concrete mixers. Noise level values generated by construction machines lie between 81-90dB typically. And those by mixers between 84-9OdB. 2.8.2.2 Analysis on noise source strength during operation After putting into operation of 3RR/II, Nanjiang Binlu and Kuiqi Bridge, noise sources will include mainly the motor vehicles traveling on road surface. It consists of mainly engine noise, exhaust noise, Guangzhou Environinental Research Institute 24 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project body vibration noise, transmission gear noise and braking noise, among which the engine noise is the majoi one. As indicated by domestic research, the relatton between equivalent level power A and vehicle speed of various types of motor vehicles during driving in China is shown in Table 2.8-8. Table 2.8-8 Relation between equivalent level power A and vehicle speed of various types of motor vehicles Type of vehicle Equivalent level power A LWA dB(A) LWA(V) LWA(logV) Small 89+0.3V 66+24logV Medium 91+0.3V 64+251ogV Large 96+0.3V 71+24logV Motorcycle 92+0.3V 68+23logV Note: Applicable for vehicle speed from 20-880Km/h. According to the attenuation law of point sound source in free sound field, the noise level of various types of vehicles at a distance of 1Sm is calculated by the following formula: Leq=LWA-20 log r-8 The results listed in Table 2.8-9. Table 2.8-9 Leq of various tvpes of vehicles Unit:dB(A) IType of vehicle |oad (80Kmih) Road (6OKrn/h) Stnall _ 109 4 ______75.5 \I 1l,IItl 11 A_- ~~~~~~77S 8_ .5 :' lIi !A ______IMotorcycle t, i2.4 78.5 Note: Height of noise source: I.Om for large and medium vehicles; 0.6m for small vehicles and motorcycles. 2.9 Construction schedule Table 2.9-1 Schedule of Nanjiang Binlu during the construction period Time Work and stage Jan. 2004 to March 2004 preliminary design and appraisement March 2004 to June 2004 design of construction drawings examination of construction drawings and June 2004 to July 2004 bid invitation for construction Dec. 2004 to May 2006 project construction Table 2.9-2 Schedule of 3RR/II during the construction period Tim~ Work and stage ()ct 2001 to Dcc 2004 wNork in early stage of the project 1ln '2)O,, \1ahM 0ad5 preliminary survey and design \p7nrl 200 to Man 2005 detailed geologic examination 'luli 20)5 to Dec. 2005 design of construction drawings Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2009 . implementation of project Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 25 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project Table 2.9-3 Schedule of Kuiqi Bridge during the construction period Time Work and stage Jan. 2004 to July 2004 project proposal Aug. 2004 to Dec. 2004 study of engineering feasibility Jan. 2005 to march 2005 preliminary design and appraisal April 2005 to Oct. 2005 design, of construction drawings Nov. 2005 to Dec. 2005 examination of construction drawings and bid invxitation for construction Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2008 c0 Lvw1tI k0 I (ll pi) I( Beginning of'2009 CoI1]p:Ic1k)II ,111i I l,llllll., 2.10 Land occupied and materials demands 2.10.1 Land occupied by Nanjiang Binlu and sources of sand, stone and earth materials I) Land area occupied On the road section of Nanjiang Binlu, the total land area requisitioned will be 46.6mu, among which vacant land and tidal flat 25.36mu, dry land 7.16mu, paddy field 4.36mu, orchard 9.68mu. All the remained is land for relocation due to housing demolition. On the road section of Qiannanlu, the total land area used for road will be 76.4mu, among which water area 13.4mu, dry land 24mu, paddy field 25.2mu, flood bank 2mu, housing demolition 11.8mu. 2) Sources of sand stone and earth material Road building materials are rich along the road alignment, from the river and existing quarries. Sand and grit material are available locally while stone and earth materials may be acquired from project excavation during construction or bought from commercial stock yards. There are rich water sources along the road alignment, water used for the project will be supplied by tap water or pumped from river as appropriate. The major outsourced materials such as steel, wood, cement. asphalt, gasoline will be supplied by main channel of the market. 2.10.2 Land occupied by 3RR/II and sources of sand, stone and earth materials 1) Land area requisitioned by 3RR/II About 80.5 mu of land will be acquired from housing relocation while the total of land area requisitioned will be 1163.23mu, among which vegetable plot is 138.51mu, dry land is 34.00mu, orchard and economic forest are 743.48. 2) Sand, stone and other building materials Stone material can be taken from Mawei and Changle where there are rich gravel and lava reserves. The transport distance to the project site is about 5 to 25km. Sand can be taken from Nangang or Houguan upstream. The transport distance is about 5 to 30km. The major outsourced materials such as steel, wood, cement, asphalt, gasoline will be supplied by main channel of the market. As a major consideration, sites along the road may be temporarily utilized as road construction sites. Along the section of the 3RR/I1 project. most of the land belongs to Xvillages or towns. some vacant land GuangzhIou Environiiiental Researchi Inst1tIte ;b Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project may be utilized for stacking materials of construction site. 2.10.3 Land occupied by Kuiqi Bridge and source of sand, stone and earth materials I Iansportationl mealns and site coniditions The north bank of the proposed Kuiqi Bridge will intersect with the expressway of Changle Airport and crooss ower Bei.jangbinlu. Ihe south bank will cross over the proposed Nanjiang Binlu and then connect vith the 3RRII At present. there are Jiangbinlu. No.104 National Highway and Futie Branch Route (the latter runs to Mawei) at north bank, providing convenient traffic. There are Fuqian Expressway, Fuxialu, and village shortcuts at south bank. At the address of the proposed bridge, land transport is convenient; for water transport, the existing navigation channel of the Minjiang River may be utilized. At the south bank of the proposed bridge, there is broad and level farmland available for construction. 2) Building materials As for stone material, there are rich reserves of gravel and latite at Mawei and Changle stock yards. Transport distance to the site is about 5 to 25km. It may be outsourced. For sand, there are rich reserves in Nangang or Hougan upstream of Minjiang River. Transport distance will be 5 to 30km. (6iui g/IJimi [Ln I i'fliii I t d I 'sedi c1 Inist i ttite 27 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 3 Traffic and Environmental Planning and General Environmental Baseline 3.1 Development planning. traffic and environment planning ol Fuzhou 3.1.1 Development objective of Fuzhou From 2001 to 2010, through 10 years' construction and development, Fuzhou would be built into a modem international metropolis with perfect infrastructure and complete integral functions; there will be high-speed highways, electrified railway, automated harbor and internationalized airport. A coordinated, technically advanced, quick and integral transport system composed of highways, harbor and international airport and a convenient, quick, efficient modern communications network shall take the shape. In 2010, the national economy will be greatly strengthened, which will reach or approach the average development level of the medium-developed countries or regions of the Asia. It shall basically become a modem international metropolis with commercial and trade centers, traffic and communication center, SciTech and IT center, educational and cultural center, economic and trade exchange center of the Taiwan Strait, which radiate the whole province and surrounding provinces and municipalities, and are characterized by informationized management, high efficient operation and integration with international market, thus completely realizing the strategic objective of Fuzhou for 20 years' economic and social developments. 3.1.2 Development scale of Fuzhou In accordance to ((Fuzhou's General City Planning)) , the general urban structure layout is: the main development axis shall be along the river and coastal line, the central city and ten satellite tomis shjall be constructed along the banks of the Minjiang River and Wulongjiang River and along the coastal line, and shall connect with convenient and quick traffic, thus forming a "L"-shaped large modern city space with the central city as the center and ten towns as its satellite towns. In recent years, the construction of the central city shall follow the principle of "expansion in the east, extension in the south and exploitation in the west", key construction is to develop the Nantai Island on opposite of the river, especially develop Jinshan District and the University City. Central city layout shall be based on the traditional central axis of Bayiqilu and the modern Minjiang development axis. It shall take Gulou and Taijiang Districts as the core around by Gushan, Xindian, Cangshan, Jinshan, Gaishan and Xinjian towns, and build them into a group-type structure that has close links but relative independent as well. Refer to Table 3.1-1 for short-term and long-term population and city land tenure scale of the central urban area and six sub-districts. Guangzhoui Environmental Research Institute 28 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 3. 1 -1 Short-term and long-term urban development scale Area Popltio in Polato inPopulation Population Area in 2005 Area in 2010 2opuaion in opuaon in density in density in 2010 po~pulat.o ______[20 002005 District name (Kmi) (10,000 persons) (10,000 persons/Krn) Central area 50.01 50.01 76.14 69.48 1.52 1.39 Gushan 25.26 25.26 25.79 29.21 1.02 1.16 Xindian 10 15.12 10.88 17.45 1.09 1.15 Jinshan 7 9.95 8.41 11.9 1.20 1.20 Jianxin 3.5 6.5 3.36 8.35 0.96 1.28 Cangshan 15.95 15.95 24.21 21.59 1.52 1.35 Gaishan 7 10.51 7.85 12.02 1.12 1.14 Total 118.72 133.39 156.65 170.00 Average 1.20 Average 1.24 Long-term general central city layout shall take the central city as the core circle that mainly concentrates the tertiary industry of finance, commerce, trade, culture, information, administration and comprehensive services; neighboring towns of the central city as the second circle that mainly concentrates the developments of SciTech center, high learning institutions, tourism, hi-tech, and industries with low material consumption and low pollution; area outside the second circle as the third circle that mainly concentrates the developments of suburb agriculture, tourism and large-sized industrial zones. 3.1.3 Development planning of Nantai Island 3.1.3.1 Nature of Nantai Island On the basis of Nantat Island's current conditions and in accordance with Fuzhou's General Planning and future development need, nature of Nantai Island shall be: "on the basis of consolidating existing cultural and educational functions, try hard to cultivate 4 functional areas - hi-tech industry, high-grade residences. commercial and trade center and tourism", build Nantai Island into a new garden-type modern ecological urban area with distinct differences from the central Gulou and Taijiang Districts hut \ ith its ov\n unique style. The positioning of the commercial and trade center will focus on the development of various wholesale market and warehouse; tourism will focus on sightseeing. 3.1.3.2 General structure and scale Based on the planned central city structure as stated in Fuzhou's General Planning and according to new planned scale, it shall adopt block-type structure that is divided into 5 districts - Jinshan, Jianxin, Cangshan, Gaishan and Chengmen. The planned population for 2005 is 413,440, that for 2010 is 538,200 and for 2020 is 800,000. Refer to Table 3.1-2 for each district's function and size (in 2020). (;ii, ig 1 )luiwwi1 Resfisiich Instituitie 29 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 3.3-2 Each district's function and size of Nantai Island Planned districts Population Function (10,000) Jinshan 16.66 High grade residential community. cultural and educational area Jianxin 16.76 Cultural and educational area, residential l community Cangshan 22.17 Central area, cultural and educational area Gaishan 14.24 Hi-tech park Chengmen 10.17 Hi-tech park and tourism Subtotal 80 3.1.3.3 Functional layout (1) Urban center and commercial and trade area A 1-center and 4-sub-centers system is designed on the Island. The center is positioned between Jiefang Bridge of Nanjiang Binlu and the third bridge of the Minjiang River, and both sides of Nantai Dadao. 4 sub-centers are respectively positioned at Jinshan, Jianxin, Gaishan and Chengmen. Nantai Island conmmercial and trade center is at Shangshanlu, Liuyi Nanlu and Nantai Dadao, covering an area of 6.7 hectares. (2) Tourist and entertainment area Along Luozhou and south side of Chengmen, on the basis of tourist development along the river. utilization of rich natural and folk customs, it shall build a cultural and tourist zone along the river, which shall extend from Wanxiang to Pitou harbor area in the east. It shall develop tourist resources surrounding Huaxia Shijiyuan, Zhonghua Water Cultural Town, Ancient Luozhou Town and Yixu Flood land (the planning proposes that a movie producing city should be built), thus forming a beautiful cultural and tourist zone with rich activities along the river. (3) Hi-tech industrial area On the basis of Cangshan SciTech park area, Gaishan investment area and Chengmen investment area, it shall further expand land tenure, optimize structure and construct hi-tech industrial area. It is planned to arrange 713-hectare land for construction of the industrial parks, including 113 hectares at Puxiazhou, 53 hectares at Cangshan SciTech Park, 133 hectares at Gaishan investment area, 73.3 hectares at Chengmen, 120 hectares at Guozhai, 100 hectares at Luxia and 127 hectares at Panyu. (4) Cultural and educational area It shall perfect Shoushan cultural and educational area, develop Feifenngshan cultural and educational area, reserve Huaian and Luozhou cultural and educational area, and intensify the function of Nantai Island as a base for Fuzhou's culture, education and scientific research. (5) High grade residential community Residential communities mainly concentrate at Jinshan and Jianxin. Jinshan shall be built mainly v ith high-grade residential communities, especially along WulongjianLg Ri\ci and Iiijiain R,., Garden-type communities and approved villa communities shall be built there. Jianxin shall be built mainly with economic residences or other general residences, but construction at the new areas shall adhere to relatively high standard. Guangzhou Environmiental Research InSt ittIte 30 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project (6) Jinshan ecological industrial park It is located on the north of Jinshan Dadao and on the south of Xishan. It is divided into west area, middle area and east area on the boundaries of Hongwanlu and Jianxin Dadao, covering a total area of 360.73 hectares. With the support of high learning institutions and scientific research institutes, focusing on IT, biotechnology, integration of electromechanics and new materials, Jianxin Industrial Zone shall strive to develop network technology, photoelectric technology, automation, intelligent digital products, fine chemicals, bioengineering and marine technology; introduce intelligence and technologies; promote Fuzhou's three pillar industries of electronics, mechanics and light industry to develop in scale. intensive enterprise and hi-tech, so as to form a urban industrial structure with hi-tech, high added-value. loxw energy consumption and low pollution. Land-use-planning beyond ulban construction land tenure \antai Island covers a total area 142km-. Beside urban construction land tenure, other land tenure (except the airport) shall mamly focus on the development of high and fine agriculture and farm sightseeing. Production of vegetables, fruits and flowers shall be the key products, thus maintaining its feature of "One Hundred Flowers Garden". Farm production shall closely combine with tourism, orchard and grassland, thus making it become an important integral part of the new modem urban area. 3.1.4 Current city traffic situation and development planning Development objective of city's economy and traffic shall be based social acceptability, environmental sustainability and implementation feasibility. 3.1.4.1 Baseline of Fuzhou's traffic and existing problems In 2001, total road length at Fuzhou region was 912km, out of which trunk road area reached 10.195 2 million square meters, road area per capita reached 6.63m . In 2002, the business revenue of Fuzhou's public transport sector was RMBY304.5143 million: passenger transport volume was 307.67671 million person times; vehicle-kilometer was 108.96 million kilometers, a growth of 7.87%, 12.19% and 103.31% respectively over the previous year. Bus/10000person was 11.32 scalar; operating lines were 89, out of which mini bus lines were 37. Total line length was 1348km; line length of the mini bus was 544.1km. Line network length was 367km and line network length of the mini bus was 109.8km. Stopovers were 4120 and parking lot area was 221,700m2. With speeding-up of urbanization process, people's tour frequency keeps increasing, so the total tour volume keeps growing. Meanwhile, after China's entry into the WTO, Fuzhou's automobile number has increased greatly. Especially since 2002, automobile number plates are open to the public, the number of automobiles in the urban area has a tremendous increase. According to statistics, from October, 2001 to October, 2002, the number of automobiles in Fuzhou's central urban area increased nearly 20,000. Furthermore, although the construction of the urban roads has grown steadily, the increase rate of the newly built roads in recent years is not more than 5%, the growth rate is far less than the increase rate of the number of the automobiles. So contradiction between traffic demand and supply becomes serious with each passing day, the heavy-loaded urban roads have a more difficult situation; urban road traffic environment becomes worse gradually, there are traffic jams sometimes at some main crosses and trunk roads. Urban traffic has become a bottleneck that restricts the normal operation of the city and rapid economic development, which shall be resolved urgently. Generally speaking, Fuzhou's current city traffic has the following main problems: Giiangzhmi Fi\i inntnental Respairch Inst itlte 3t Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pern-Urban Development Project 1) Unreasonable road structure layout: it is better in the north but poor in the south; road network at the new urban area is relatively complete, but that at the old urban area is not well improved; 2) Without good coordination of the road network grades: there is no expressway network, main trunk road network is relatively good, but the secondary trunk road network is not sufficient. Some branch roads have dead ends and are narrow. They shall be transformed and improved; 3) Construction of social public parking lot lags behind, management of the parking on the roadside is not normalized. 4) There are too many crosses that are too narrow and not in regular forrm. Automobile, bicycles and pedestrians mingle with each other and are in disorder, which have caused traffic jams on Fuzhou's roads. All those problems are quite prominent. Management, quick innovation and long-term planning shall be performed to solve those problems. 3.1.4.2 Objective of traffic development It shall build a complete city traffic framework system. configure various urban roads, form an integral traffic system that is able to meet city's long-term traffic need, coordinate with social, economic, cultural and ecological environments, has reasonable layout, definite functions, relatively high-level construction and modem management level, and is quick, convenient, multi-layered, dimensional and harmonized. Planning of Fuzhou's road network is to build a modem road network that can meet the traffic need based on construction of trunk road network and reasonably configured roads. In accordance with ((Integral Traffic Planning of Fuzhou Central City)) compiled in 1995, Fuzhou city road network is in a square, ring and radial pattern. It shall consist of 8 radial lines, 3 ring roads and several trunk roads passing through east, west, south and north of the city. The second ring road, the third ring road, special airport expressway, highway (connecting line), Guohuolu and Pushanglu on Nantai Island constitute a city expressway network. Schematic map of Fuzhou's framework road network The inner ring road is around the key urban area, starts from Ximen in the north, along the Baimalu southward, crosses the Minjiang River, connects with Shangshankl. runs eastvmard. connects X\ith Liuyinanlu, and then along Liuyilu and crosseb the MItljiLult Ret lo W11k½l \Ith HluJOW_'Le .n Dongmen, turns westward to connect wtth Hubinlu. and finally retlrns to Ximen stu;c the imnut 1ii11 road is positioned at the old urban area, passes through the tlourishuteL urbani atA. ImlOsI of the road sections are transformed from the old roads. Road widening involves three archavays and 7 lanes (cultural properties), coordination is hard, so it is classified as the Class-I trunk road of the city. The second ring road is around the inner ring road, starts from the west side of the north ring road, by way of Tongpan, Xiangshan, passes through Yangqiaolu and Gongyelu, along Changidnglu and crosses Guangzhout Environmental Research Institute 32 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pern-Urban Development Project the Minjiang River (Minjiang Bridge at Youxizhou) to Jianxin, runs eastward to intersect with the planned Liuyi Nanlu (Nantai Dadao) at the north end of Gaogaishan, continuously runs eastward to reach Baihuting, then turns to north and along Lianjiang Nanlu, crosses Aofeng Bridge, along Lianjiang Zhonglu and Lianjiang Beilu, and reaches the north ring road by way of Wuliting - No.2 Chemical Plant - Jinjishan Tunnel - Liuyi Beilu - Wusi Beilu - the north ring road. The total length of the second ring road is 28.5Km. Construction of a section of about 18km has been completed according to the standard of Class-I trunk road. It is proposed that the whole line shall be constructed according to expressway standard about in 2010. After assessment on environmental impact, landscape, traffic and construction cost, the Fuzhou Municipal party Committee and Municipal Government have decided to pause the construction of the second elevated viaduct. The outer ring road (the third ring road): It is designed an expressway of six lanes. The road will pass Gushan. Xindian. Jinshan, Jianxin, Gaishan and Chengmen. It is an expressway connecting all those new lN den eloping areas and aims at providing a quick traffic for the urban area with all satellite towns and part of transit vehicles by means of the outer ring road and radial lines. The total length is about J4 km alii thKih 1ontllECtinl tihc t oil line is to be completed before 2020. Iihe three i iig roads play dilferent roles in organizing the city traffic. * The inner ring road will mainly undertake the traffic of CBD. * The second ring road will mainly undertake the task to connect the areas around the central area. Beside Gaishan and Xindian, the third ring road covers the whole central urban area. The construction of the third ring road will form a road framework with complete functions and reasonable structure at Fuzhou region, which would greatly exert the functions of the existing roads and enable most of the urban roads to connect with exit traffic lines, thus improving the scale benefit of the road network. In accordance with ((Integral Planning of Fuzhou Nantai Island)) compiled in 2000, an island ring road will be built on Nantai Island in short-term period along Minjiang River and Wulongjiang River. On the basis of the development of the tourist resources along the rivers, it shall speed up the land development and quicken the urbanization process of the undeveloped areas. 3.1.4.3 Baseline of Fuzhou's traffic and development planning Since the refor-m and opening-up. Fuzhou has made remarkable achievements in social, economic and city construction, but city traffic problem becomes more serious with each passing day. Slow construction growth cannot meet the fast growing demand of the vehicles. There is a sharp contradiction between the supply and the demand; and urban traffic environment becomes worse gradually. In accordance with ((Fuzhou General City Planning)) , the general layout structure at the urban area is: main development axis along the river and sea coast, the central city and satellite towns shall be built along the banks of the Minjiang River and Wulongjiang River and along the coast, between which are connected with convenient and quick traffic, thus forming a "L"-shaped large modem city space with the central city as the center and ten towns as its satellite towns. The existing road network at the urban area (on the north of the Minjiang River) appears block pattern while the road network at Cangshan Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 33 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Islaiid Peri-Urban De\clopnicnt Project (Nantai Island) is freely laid out, whose trunk roads don't constitute a system. Since the beginning of the new century, urban construction is based on the principle of "expansion in the east, extension in the south and exploitation in the west". The key is to develop Nantai Island and build the University City. Central city layout shall be based on the traditional central axis of Bayiqilu and the modem Minjiang development axis. It shall take Gulou and Taijiang Districts as the core around by Gushan, Xindian, Cangshan, Jinshan, Gaishan and Xinjian towns, and build them into a group-type structure that has close links but relative independent as well. 3.1.4.4 Baseline of Nantai Island's traffic and development planning Nantai Island is positioned on the south gateway of Fuzhou, enjoys a favorable geographic environment and a quite accessible traffic. There are 9 bridges connecting other parts of the city. It is at the starting point of No.324 State highway and the entrance of Tongsan Highway. No.3 16 and No.324 State Highways pass through the territory. It has a developed highway network. Development of Nantai Island is an important integral part to implccntit ulwhuu d\ .'niL/tici strategy of "expansion in the east. extension in the south andc cx\lloiictitoiI tIII \ cI t' n cli'in..i Nantai Island is the sole place of Fuzhou to mect tht nedHiton col Lii\>c \ 1i '.ul In1In' i I guarantee to develop nev' urban tndustrIes. buLtId ner\ dirtcb atjdIL IICAllIJ a., c )II(t I IL L'I)IpI CIII Development of Nantai Island will be conducive to sharing the tuniction1s and scattering the population at Gulou and Taijiang districts, and create favorable conditions for promoting the transformation of the old urban area. Across the Minjiang River (Wulongjiang River) are Jiefang Bridge, No.2 Minjiang Bridge, No.3 Minjiang Bridge (Aofeng Bridge), No.4 Minjiang Bridge (Sanxianzhou), No.6 Minjiang Bridge (Jinshan Bridge), Hongshan Bridge, Hongtang Bridge, Jinshan Bridge, Wulongjiang River Bridge, super-large Wulongjiang Bridge, No.5 Minjiang Bridge (Youxi Bridge) under construction, Wanbian Bridge and Gushan Bridge proposed to be built, which have helped remove the bottleneck of Nantai Island to connect with inland traffic, and are an essential guarantee for the construction and development of Nantai Island. The construction of the 3RR/II and Nantai Dadao will improve the investment environment of Nantai Island and greatly promote the land development along the road line. Construction of the 3RR/II and Nanjiang Binlu will greatly promote the implementation of Fuzhou's development strategy of "expansion in the east, extension in the south and exploitation in the west". On the basis of the 3RR/II and Nanjiang Binlu, it shall carry out land development mainly on public traffic and social services, and greatly develop tourist resources along the river, which would promote fast developments of the city traffic, building industry, real estate industry and recreation sector. Moreover. the development of those industries would promote the development of related upstream and downstream industries, thus making the city develop as a whole. 3.1.4.5 Necessity and urgency of building Nanjiang Binlu (1) Urgent need to implement the city development strategy The new development pattem of Fuzhou's urban area is based on the central city along the rivers and the coast. Geographically, Jianxin, Chengmen and Gaishan, Shangjie (University City) on Nantai Island are positioned at the plain. It enjoys a unique geographic advantage, so it can meet the need for city expansion. It is a key project of Fuzhou's city construction at present. The construction of Nanjiang Binlu will be conducive to land development and construction at the newly developing area, Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 34 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pert-Urban Development Project and will promote the traffic to guide the development of city. (2) Urgent need to perfect the road network construction In accordance with ((Fuzhou General City Planning)) (revised edition approved by the State Council in 1999), the south bank line of Beigang shall be moved outwards at Puxiazhou section, the proposed road network includes an island ring road along the new bank line of Nantai Island. Nanjiang Binlu is the north ring road of the island ring road of Nantai Island. Its function is defined as the secondary trunk road to integrate recreation, river landscape and traffic. Therefore, the construction of Nanjiang Binlu shall not only perfect the road network structure on Nantai Island, but also improve the density of the secondary trunk road network at Fuzhou's urban area, and meet resident's need for tour at the surrounding areas. (3) Urgent need for city expansion and land development With the implementation of the city development strategy of "expansion in the east, extension in the south and exploitation in the west", development of New Jinshan area and even the whole Nantai Island has become Fuzhou's urgency. The construction of the new area would play an important role in expanding the city scale, improving land utilization rate, promoting transformation of the old urban area, easing urban land tenure and traffic pressure, and scattering the dense population. Areas along Nanjiang Binlu (section to the east of No.3 Bridge) are all undeveloped. The construction of the road project would not only strengthen the quick link of the central city with Nantai Island and expansion of the city scale, but also greatly promote land development along the road line and construction of the new areas, thus perfecting city's reasonable layout and increasing land value at the undeveloped area. It will play an important role in redisplaying Fuzhou's unique view of a modem city harmonized with its historic culture. (4) Need for social and economic developments In the next few years, demand of the residents at Fuzhou's urban area for house cars will increase very fast, which would bring huge pressure on Fuzhou's limited road network. Urban road traffic would face a huge challenge. When the traffic supply cannot meet the demand for traffic, traffic contradiction would become a restrictive factor of the social and economic developments. To construct Nanjiang Binlu very soon is an urgent need of Fuzhou to support its fast social and economic developments. i\(l\c 1iquce11lI\ raltc1f1de\ lopnient \hoLlt III( 200. 11 iS estimiiated that the total number of \ehicles at the urban area will be over 100,000. The existing clhx road network will be hardly to bear such huge traffic burden, so it is absolutely to de\ elop nef\ areas (roads) to scatter and share city traffic. In accordance with traffic flow estimate, the traffic flow on the road section from Cangqian Xilu of Nanjiang Binlu to No.3 Minjiang Bridge would reach 21000car/day; the traffic flow on the road section from No.3 Minjiang Bridge to Kuiqi Bridge would reach 14000car/day (the above figures were converted with mini bus equivalent). The construction of Nanjiang Binlu would quickly form a trunk road network on Nantai Island, scatter Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 35 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project and share traffic flow at the urban area. It is an urgent need for the fast development of the urban traffic. (6) Need for speeding up tourist resource development and realization of a comfortable society Nanjiang Binlu Project will promote the construction of landscape along Nanjiang Binlu, form a complete one-river (the Minjiang River) and two-zone (south and north bank landscape zones) scenery. It will meet the demand of people for leisure, recreation and tourism, beautify the provincial capital city and promote the tourist resource development. The construction of Nanjiang Binlu is a must for promoting urbanization process and developing tourist resource so as to build a comfortable society. 3.1.5 Fuzhou environment planning 3.1.5.1 Guiding principle of the planning revision We shall adhere to the principle of synchronizing the planning, implementation and development of the urban and rural construction, economic construction and environment construction as a whole, and realize the integration of social, economic and environmental benefits. We shall analyze environmental change trend on the basis of social and economic development strategy, raise a policy of environmental protection, and promote the sustainable developments of society, economy and environment. 3.1.5.2 Planning scope The planned scope in this planning covers the central city, Mawei, Changan and Langqi, totaling an covering an area of 133.3km2. The planned scope of the water environmental protection covers Fuzhou section of the Minjiang River, rivers at the urban area, Xihu Lake and water resource protection area of Aojiang River. The proposed scope of the air environmental protection covers the proposed area. The proposed scope of the noise environmental protection covers developed urban area. The proposed scope of the solid waste treatment covers the proposed urban area: The proposed scope of the ecological environmental protection mainly covers the proposed urban area, but shall extend to the related areas in suburb counties (municipalities). 3.1.5.3 Planning term The planning term is from 2001 -to 2020. The reference year was 1998, short-term year is 2005, medium-term year is 2010 and long-term year is 2020. 3.1.5.4 General objective of the environmental protection The short-term objective (to 2005) of the urban environmental protection: urban environmental quality at the functional area shall reach the State standard and environmental quality has significant improvement; an overall implementation of a total volume control plan shall be performed; total pollutant discharge volume shall be limited at the level in 2000 and shall have a possible decrease; the worsening trend of Fuzhou's environmental pollution and ecological environment shall be basically controlled, thus making society, economy and environment develop coordinately. Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 36 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pern-Urban Development Project The medium-term objective (to 2010) of the urban environmental protection: the worsening trend of the environmental pollution and ecological environment shall be checked; city layout, industrial structure and resource utilization shall tend to reasonableness. It shall effectively control the environmental pollution, check the worsening trend of the ecological environment and keep improving the environmental quality while it maintains a sustainable and healthy economic development. It shall implement the ecological environmental protection at key ecological functional area, key resource development area and good ecological area. We must implement the city ecological environmental protection; form an urban green passage, an urban water body environment passage and an urban air environment passage. We shall realize the sustainable developments of society, economy and environment. The long-term objective (to 2020) of the urban environmental protection: urban environment quality shall be fine; city layout shall be rational and conform to the general demand of city's social and economic developments; ecological environment shall have a virtuous cycle; city environment shall be beautiful and reach the goal of a harmonious coexisting of human being and nature. 3.1.5.5 Classification of water environment functional area In accordance with the classification of water environment functional area at Fuzhou section of the Minjiang River, refer to Table 3.1.5-1 and Fig.3.1.5-1.for detailed classification of water environment functional area. Table 3.1.5-I Classification of water environment functional area around Nantai Island Scope Main function Water Sewage discharge area qaiyga area qualty goal standard (GB8978-96) Beigang Qiapu - Jiuhongshanqiao Category-B protection area Sewage discharge for drinking water source Class Ill forbidden Jiuhongshanqiao - the Minjiang Protection area for general Class-I sewage discharge Bridge fishes standard The Minjiang Bridge - Category-B protection area Sewage discharge Sankongqiao for drinking water source forbidden Sankongqiao - Jiukongzha Protection area for general Class-I sewage discharge fishes standard Jiukongzha - Rujiangkou Hybrid pollutant discharge Class-I sewage discharge area Class IIl standard Rujiangkou - Liujiang Village Protection area for general Class-I sewage discharge fishes Class Ill standard Liujiang Village - Mawei Category-B protection area Sewage discharge Shipbuilding Plant for drinking water source forbidden Mawei Shipbuilding Plant - Protection area for general Class-I sewage discharge Luoxingta fishes standard Nangang Huaian - Pukou Protection area for general Class-l sewage discharge frslhes Class Ill standard Pukou - Yingqianzha Category-B protection area Sewage discharge for drinking skater sourcc forbidden rl'ingqianzlia - Baiyanita Protection area for general Class-I sewage discharge ______standard Section from Sanxianzhou Bridge of Nanjiang Binlu to the west side of Jiangbianzhou is close to the Category-B protection area for drinking water source. Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 37 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project 3.1.5.6 Classification of air environment functional area In accordance with ((Fuzhou General City Environment Planning)) (2001-2020), functional area of the environmental air quality is divided into Category-A and Category-II. A buffer area (width ;300m) is designed between Category-A and Category-II areas. Refer to Table 3.1.5-2 and Fig. 3.1.5-2 for classification of the functional area of the environmental air quality. Table 3.5.1-2 Classification of the functional area of the environmental air quality at Fuzhou Name Main functions Area Class Implementation (Kmi) of State standard Gushan and Guling Villa Scenic spot 7.6 area North suburb State forest Natural protection area 5.5 park Huaian and Jinshan scenic Scenic spot 4.2 Category-I Class I standard spot Other areas within the Category-II Class 2 standard administrative area 300m between Category-A Buffer area Class 1 standard and Category-B I Nanjiang Binlu is beyond the scenic spots and buffer area, areas on both sides of the road are within the Category-B area. 3.1.5.7 Classification of noise environment functional area (1) Classification of applicable environment noise area At present, Fuzhou implements ((Classification of Applicable Environment Noise Area at Fuzhou's Urban Area)) promulgated by the Fuzhou Municipal People's Government in 1997. Applicable environment noise area at Fuzhou's urban center is classified into 5 categories. Standard GB3096-93 ((Urban Area Environment Noise Standard)) is implemented. Category-0 standard is applicable to convalescence area, high-grade villa area and high-grade hotel area where require special quietness; 5dB that is higher than category-0 standard is applicable to those areas in the suburb and countryside. Category-A standard is applicable to residence community, cultural and educational areas, this standard is also applicable to countryside residence environment. Category-B standard is applicable to a mixed area of residence, commerce and industry. Category-C standard is applicable to industrial area. Category-D standard is applicable to areas on both sides of the urban trunk road and areas on both banks of the river channel passing through the urban area, this standard is also applicable to the limited value of the background noise (means the noise level at the time without train passing by) at the areas on both sides of the primary and secondary trunk railways passing through the urban area. In accordance with the classification of applicable environment noise area ((Fuzhou's City Environment Planning)) , Nantai Island is divided into 4-category areas. Refer to Fig. 3.1.5-3 for details. Category-I area: Jinshan educational area and Changan educational area. Nanjiang Binlu does not affect those areas; Category-Ill area. Jinshan investment area and Chengmen investment area. The noise environment at those areas is not affected by noise impact of Nanjiang Binlu; only Gangtouzhou industrial area is related with Nanjiang Binlu; GlildF)gzlwuu E l \ ioruTrui .Iz11 R1 's.- vl IIsI 1 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Categonr-IV area: Primary and secondary trunk roads. It relates to'Cangqianlu and both sides of Guanhailu: Categorv-Il area Areas on both sides of Nanjiang Binlu. Except Gangtouzhou industrial area implements category-D standard. the rest areas implement category-B standard. 3.1.5.8 Objective of ecological environmental protection An ecological environmental protection policy shall be carried out on construction of the key ecological functional area, key resource development area and good ecological area. Great importance shall be attached to the urban ecological environmental protection, constructions of the city green passage, city water body environment passage, city air environment passage, creation of a beautiful city environment landscape. By 2005, the green coverage of the newly built area shall reach 35% and vegetation of the natural protection area shall reach 8%. 3.2 General planning of Nantai Island 3.2.1 Nature of Nantai Island On the basis of Nantai Island's current conditions, Fuzhou's General Planning and future development need, nature of Nantai Island shall be: "on the basis of consolidating existing cultural and educational functions, try hard to cultivate 4 functional areas - hi-tech industries, high-grade residences, commercial and trade center and tourism", build Nantai Island into a new garden-type modem ecological urban area with distinct differences from the central Gulou and Taijiang Districts but with its own unique style. The positioning of the commercial and trade center will focus on development of various wholesale market and warehouse; tourism will focus on sightseeing. 3.2.2 Development scale of Nantai Island The planned population for 2005 is 413,440, that for 2010 is 538,200 and for 2020 is 800,000. 3.2.3 Overall structure and functional layout 3.2.3.1 Overall structure Based on the planned central city structure as stated in Fuzhou's General Planning and according to new planned scale, it shall adopt block-type structure that is divided into 5 districts - Jinshan, Jianxin, Cangshan. Gaishan and Chengmen. Refer to Table 3.3.2-1 for each district's function and size (in 2020). Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 39 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 3.3.2-1 Each district's function and size of Nantai Island Planned districts Population Function . (10,000) Jinshan 16.66 High grade residential community, cultural and educational area Jianxin 16.76 Cultural and educational area, residential community Cangshan 22.17 Central area, cultural and educational area Gaishan 14.24 Hi-tech park Chen men 10.17 Hi-tech park and tourism Subtotal 80 3.23.2 Functional layout (1) Urban center and commercial and trade area A 1-center and 4-sub-centers system is designed on the Island. The center is positioned between Jiefang Bridge of Nanjiang Binlu and the third bridge of The Minjiang River, and both sides of Nantai Dadao. 4 sub-centers are respectively positioned at Jinshan, Jianxin, Gaishan and Chengmen. Nantai Island commercial and trade center is at Shangshanlu, Liuyi Nanlu and Nantai Dadao, covering an area of 6.7 hectares. (2) Tourist and entertainment area Along Luozhou and south side of Chengmen, on the basis of tourist development along the river, utilization of rich natural and folk customs, it shall build a cultural and tourist zone along the river, which shall extend from Wanxiang to Pitou harbor area in the east. It shall develop the tourist resources surrounding Huaxia Shijiyuan, Zhonghua Water Cultural Towri, Ancient Luozhou Town and Yixu Beach (the planning suggests that a film producing city should be built), thus tornunm a beautiful cultural and tourist zone with rich activities along the river. (3) Hi-tech industrial area On the basis of Cangshan SciTech park area, Gaishan investment area and Chengmen investment area, it shall expand land tenure, optimize structure and construct hi-tech industrial area. It is planned to arrange 713-hectare land for construction of the industrial parks, including 113 hectares at Puxiazhou, 53 hectares at Cangshan SciTech Park, 133 hectares at Gaishan investment area, 73.3 hectares at Chengmen, 120 hectares at Guozhai, 100 hectares at Luxia and 127 hectares at Panyu. (4) Cultural and educational area It shall perfect Shoushan cultural and educational area, develop Feifengshan cultural and educational area, reserve Huaian and Luozhou cultural and educational area, and intensify the function of Nantai Island as a base for Fuzhou's culture, education and scientific research. (5) High grade residential community Residential communities mainly concentrate at Jinshan and Jianxin. Jinshan shall be built mainly with high-grade residential communities, especially along Wulongjiang River, and Minjiang River. garden-type communities and approved villa communities shall be built there. Jianxin shall be built mainly with economic residences or other general residences, but construction at the new areas shall adhere to relatively high standard. GUdnlgziioU En icIl lil.leat ReSeadl iI i lII It 1Li t, Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project (6) Jinshan ecological industrial park It is located on the north of Jinshan Dadao and on the south of Xishan. It is divided into west area, middle area and east area on the boundaries of Hongwanlu and Jianxin Dadao, covering a total area of 360.73 hectares. With the support of high learning institutions and scientific institutes, focusing on IT, biotechnology, integration of electromechanics and new materials, Jianxin Industrial Zone shall strive to develop network technology, photoelectric technology, automation, intelligent digital products, fine chemicals, bioengineering and marine technology; introduce intelligence and technologies; promote I l/hl9 tht-cc pillai industi-es of electronics. mechanics and light tndustry to develop in scale, ntiwil\ c cnlcrprse and hi-tecih. so as to form a urban industrial structure with hi-tech, high added-\alue. lox enler-gy conisumption and lo\w pollution. (7) Land-use-planning beyond urban construction land tenure Nantai Island has a total area of 142km 2. Beside urban construction land tenure, other land tenure (except the airport) shall mainly focus on the development of high and fine agriculture and sightseeing farm. Production of vegetables, fruits and flowers shall be the key products thus maintaining its feature of "one hundred flowers garden". Farrn production shall closely combine with tourism, orchard and grassland, thus making it become an important integral part of the new modem urban area 3.3 Nantai Island environment planning 3.3.1 General objective of environmental protection The general objective of environmental protection for 2005: environment pollution and ecological environment damage on the island are under control, and environment quality is somewhat improved. A policy of "one-control, two-reach-standard and improvement" is implemented on water environment pollution. Pollution treatment and technologic improvement are performed by key enterprises. Total water pollutant discharge volume shall be controlled. Construction of Jinshan sewage treatment plant shall he completed in 2005. "Green Hill and Clean Water" project shall be performed. Green area per capita shall he increased. It shall coordinate with Fuzhou's plan to reach State environmental protection model city standard in 2002. It shall gradually coordinate the environment with economic and social developments so as to lay a good foundation for realizing the goal of a virtuous cycle of the ecological system and becoming a city with a clean, beautiful and tranquil environment. The general objective of environmental protection for 2010: urban layout and industrial structure shall be rationally restructured; environmental quality shall be greatly improved; river water quality shall be notably improved; pollutant shall be treated centrally; daily garbage shall be completely treated harmlessly, and resource utilization shall become more scientific. Development shall be focused on hi-tech industries, scientific research, culture and education, commerce, tourism and high-grade residences so as to realize a coordinated development of environment, economy and society, and basically realize a virtuous cycle of urban ecological system. General objective of environmental protection for 2020: water environment pollution shall be fundamentally resolved; air quality shall be fine, noise pollution shall be effectively controlled; daily garbage treatment shall be reclaimed, industrialized and harmless. Biology shall be diversified and rich; the whole island's ecological environment shall enter a virtuous cycle; it shall realize sustainable social and economic developments on the basis of the environment and resource capacity, and reach the objective of constructing Nantai Island into a modem ecological garden-type urban area of Fuzhou. ttiangzhou Ln%iloni]iental Research Inst itIte 41 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 33.2 Classification of environmental functional area (1) Classification of water environment functional area According to classification of water environment functional area at Fuzhou section of the Minjiang River. refer to Table 3.3.3-1 and Fig. 3.1.5-1 for detailed classification of water en\ ironment tunctionial area on Nantat Island. Table 3.3.3-1 Classification of water environment functional area around Nantai Island Water Range Main functions Water l Sewage discharge standard area quality (GB8978-96) goal Qiapu - Jiu Hongshanqiao Category-B protection area Sewage discharge forbidden for drinking water source Class 3 North Jiu Hongshanqiao - the Protection area for general Class I sewage discharge standard terminal Minjiang Bridge fishes The Minjiang Bridge - Category-B protection area Sewage discharge forbidden Sankonggiao for drinking water source Sankongqiao - Protection area for general Class I sewage discharge standard Jiukongzha fishes Jiukongzha - Rujiangkou Hybrid pollutant discharge Class I sewage discharge standard area Rujiangkou - Liujiang Protection area for general Class I sewage discharge standard Village fishes Class 3 Liujiang Village - Mawei Category-B protection area Sewage discharge forbidden Shipbuilding Plant for drinking water source Mawei Shipbuilding Plant Protection area for general Class I sewage discharge standard - Luoxingta fishes South Huaian - Pukou Protection area for general . Class I sewage discharge standard terminal fishes I 3 _ Pukou - Yingqianzha Category-B protection area sc\\aee disctharge IurhJtdI for drinking water source Yilgqianlzhia - Baiyanta Protectioii area for genieral ( IAslse\\a gc dis,L LX-ICnluldlti I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~1ilicSl' Section from Sanxianzhou Bridge of Nanjiang Btnlu to the wNest side ol JianubianzhouL is Close to the Class II protection area for drinking water source. (2) Classification of air environment functional area According to ((Fuzhou Urban Environment Planning)) (2001-2020), functional area of the environment air quality on Tainandao Island is divided into Category-A and Category-B areas. A buffer area of (width :300m) is designed between Category-A and Category-B areas. Refer to Table 3.3.3-2 and Fig. 3.1.5-2 for classification of environment air quality functional area at Tainandao Island. Table 3.3.3-2 Classification of environment air quality areas at Tainandao Island Name Main Area Category Implementation standard function (Km2) Huaian and Jinshan Scenic spots 4.2 Category-A State Class I standard scenic spots I Other areas within the Category-B State Class 2 standard administrative area 300 between Class I and Buffer area State Class I standard Class II areas Since the 3RR/II and Nanjiang Binlu are all outside of the scenic spot and buffer area, both sides of the two roads are all within the Category-B area. Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 12 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project (3) Classification of Noise environment function area According to noise environment standard as stated in ((Fuzhou Urban Environment Planning)) , Nantai Island may be classified into 4 kinds: Class I area: Jinshan educational area and Changanshan educational area, which are not affected by the two roads; Class III area: Jinshan investment area and Chengmen investment area, the 3RR/II will not pass those two areas, but only pass by the Lianjiang Industrial Zone aside Linpu Village, this section can implement Class III standard; Class IV area: primary and secondary trunk roads, related areas are Cangqianlu and both sides of Guanhailu; and Class II area: the 3RR/II and both sides of Nanjiang Binlu shall implement Class II standard. Refer to Fig. 3.1.5-3 for details. 3.4 General Environmental Baseline 3.4.1 Natural Environment 3.4.1.1 General Environmental Setting Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu is positioned at the north of Nantai Island, close to the Minjiang River. It starts from the pile No.0+000 on Cangqian Xilu and ends at pile No.9+000 at proposed Kuiqi Bridge. Refer to Fig. 2.1-1 for locations. Nantai Island is surrounded by rivers, at the east longitude of 11913'12" 119°25'48" and the north 2 latitude of 25°57'48`26°642". The total area is 142km . The project area has a subtropical monsoon climate, mild climate and plentiful rainfall. Rainfall and hot weather are in the same period of time of the year. According to meteorological data, Fuzhou's average annual temperature is 19.6 for years. Years' change is between 19.1 and 20.3F. The highest monthly temperature is 28.8 in July. The extremely highest temperature is 39.5 . The coldest month annual lJ 1nwia r\ ixith a tenipl-ratmirc of 6 0 The extremelk lowest temperature is -2.3 . The average raiinf-all is 1000( I 5n0mmn The largest rainfall is in May and June. approximately accounting for 3304n ol the yeai. I he smallest rainfall is in November. From May to September is a season of plum rains, typhoon and rainstorms, the rainfall accounts for 47-83% of the year. The annual sunshine is up to 2 17(00 -- 1980 hours. The total annual solar radiation is up to 4100-4600 mega joule/m . The primary wind direction of the year is southeast wind and frequency is 14.30%; the secondary wind direction of the year is south wind in summer and west wind in winter. The average annual wind velocity is 2.9m/s and the maximum wind velocity is 31.7 m/s. Rainfall distribution at the Minjiang River valley basically increases from the southeast to the northwest. From April to September of the year is the flood season of the Minjiang River, the rainfall accounts for 69-77°% of the year. Fuzhou enjoys a mild maritime climate and plentiful rainfall. The maximum annual rainfall is 1633mm and the minimum rainfall is 1006mnm, with an average annual rainfall of 1343mm. Rainfall concentrates in April to June. August and September are typhoon season with thunderstorms. 3.4.1.2 Landforms and Topography Nanjiang Binlu and the 3RR/II are all on the Nantai Island, and the southwest bridgehead of Kuiqi Bridge is also positioned on the island. Guangzhoti Environmental Researclh Institute '13 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Topography of Nantai Island mainly features hills and plain. vxith a sea le\el of lo\erl ihall 2 n111 I and surface doesn't have much reliel: but featuring a three-hicihg and m\ o-i\V IIhl no thl\Ceo i Jidd i and southeast part of the island are mainly hillN areas The tfaLlMOU (,ju2g.,i>1aj1. ( ha1u,n> n Yantaishan ridges run through the middle and north areas. The highest hill in the central part is Gaogaishan with a seal level of 202m. Among the three big hills is mainly a plain. The southeast part is a broad alluvial plain. The whole surface relief tilts from the northwest to the southeast. The main topography of Nantai Island is hills, plain and river flood land. The hilly land features forest, bushes or wasteland. On the plain are orchard and vegetable plots. Nantai Island geology consists of hill slope and alluvial plain. Hills account for about 65% and plain accounts for 35%. Rocks and hills expose. There are Jurassic Nanyuan volcanic rocks, late Yeshan fine granodiorite, and red middle grain granitite with vein materials. Hills are mainly composed of granite, then volcanic rocks and alluvium, where there are forests and fruit trees. Plain is the Longhai group alluvium of the Quatemary System Pleistocene Epoch and Holocene Epoch Changle group marine accumulation and alluvial deposit, which are composed of fine sand, dust and clay. It is an area to grow crops, vegetables, fruits, trees and flowers. Project is proposed to be built on the top of the Quaternary geology composed of different rock formation (including alluvium, flood wash, marine accumulation, marine and land transit and drift bed). Underground is weathered granite. There is locally' exposed granite scattered with other possible dikes Some sections along the road line have shallow-buried sludge layers. There are no high hills, steep slope, border slope, dislocated and fractured zone and earthquake fault zone. Nanjiang Binlu is positioned on the south bank of Minjiang Beigang of Nantai Island of Fuzhou. It starts from Cangqian Xilu in the west and ends at the proposed Kuiqi Bridge in the east. The road will cross the old alluvial area of the Minjiang River and the old river channel mud alluvium, Cangshan relic slope and Cangnan mud alluvial area. The engineering geological conditions at the relic slope area are good, but engineering geological conditions at highly compressed sludge, shallow buried sludge and alluvial area are poor. The geology and landform along the 3RR/II are divided into two sections on the basis of Fuxialu boundary. The starting point is from the north bridgehead of Wanbian Bridge of Fuxialu section. It passes through Nantai Island. Beside part of residences, most of it is on the farmland, vegetable plot and orchard. Along the line is relatively smooth alluvial plain. Except part of the starting point is at the small slope with an elevation between 8.0 and 15.0; the rest of it is between 4.3 and 8.0. From Fuxialu to the terminal are hills, vegetable plot, orchard and requisitioned land. The highest elevation of the hilly section is up to 48.8, the land surface of the vegetable plot, orchard and other requisitioned land is smooth, and most of them have an elevation between 5.4 and 5.7. Kuiqi Bridge crosses the Minjiang River whose north bank is positioned at Fuzhou Gushan ridge, connecting with the highway of the Changle International Airport; the south bank is at the terminal point of the 3RR/l1. The landform where the bridge is is high in the northeast and low in the southwest, it decreases in an elevated mode. The middle coastal part has low hills and Taiwan Strait on its east, Landform of the bridge area is at the juncture of the Mindongnan hills and Fuzhou plain (the Minjiang Grade-I terrace), which mainly features submerged valley marine sediment plain. The starting section is at the farmland and vegetable plot with a smooth elevation of 5.0-7.6. The terminal point is at Gushan ridge. Except individual village's elevation is 6.0-7.5, the rest slope elevation is 19.6-41.1. Guiangzhou Environmental Research Institute 11 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 3.4.1.3 Geology Project area is on the top of Quatemary geology composed of different rock formation (including alluvium, flood wash, marine accumulation, marine and land transit and drift bed). Underground is weathered granite. There is locally exposed granite scattered with other possible dikes. The engineering geology of the road will cross the ancient alluvial area of the Minjiang River and the old river channel mud alluvium, Cangshan relic slope and Cangnan mud alluvial area. The engineering geological conditions at the relic slope area are good, but engineering geological conditions at highly compressed sludge, shallow buried sludge and alluvial area are poor. Some sections along the road line have shallow-buried sludge layers. There are no high hills, steep slope, border slope, dislocated and fractured zone and earthquake fault zone. Topography of Nantai Island mainly features hills and plain, with a sea level of lower than 250m. Land surface doesn't have much relief, but featuring "three high and two low". The northwest part, middle and southeast part of the island are mainly hilly areas. The most famous Gaogaishan, Changanshan and Yantaishan ridges run through the middle and north areas. The highest hill in the central part is Gaogaishan with a seal level of 202m. Among the three big hills is mainly a plain. The southeast part is a broad alluvial plain. The whole surface relief tilts from the northwest to the southeast. The main topography of Nantai Island is hills, plain and river flood land. The hilly land features forest, bushes or wasteland. On the plain are orchard and vegetable plots. Nantai Island's geology consists of hill slope and alluvial plain. Hills account for about 65 % and plain accounts for 35 %o. Hills expose. There are Jurassic Nanyuan volcanic rocks, late Yeshan fine granodiorite, and red middle grain granitite with vein materials. Hills are mainly composed of granite, then volcanic rocks and alluvium, where there are forests and fruit trees. Plain has Longhai group alluvium, Changle group marine accumulation and alluvial deposit of the Quatemary System, which is composed of fine sand, dust and clay. It is an area to grow crops, vegetables, fruits, trees and flowers. The basic earthquake intensity of the area where the project is is VII and near the earthquake area, and its basic earthquake intensity is 7'. 3.4.1.4 Climate and meteorology Fuzhou enjoys a subtropical monsoon mild climate. Rainfall is plentiful. Rainfall and hot weather are in the same period of the year. According to meteorological data, Fuzhou's average annual temperature is 19.6 for years. Years' change is between 19.1- and 20.31 . The highest monthly temperature is 28.8 . in July. The extremely highest temperature is 39.5 . The coldest month is January with a temperature of 6.9 The extremely lowest temperature is -2.31. There are about 3 days in a year with the lowest temperature below 07. The frostless period of a year is up to 325 days. Fuzhou region enjoys a plentiful rainfall. The annual rainfall is between 1000mm and 1500mm. The average annual rainfall is 1302.3 mm. From April to September of the year is the flood season; its rainfall accounts for 69-77Y%of the year. Rainfall concentrates in April to June. August and September are the typhoon season with thunderstorms. The largest rainfall is in May and June, (lluimFzhoi fn\minilm(rn'ai Reseairh Instittlte 45 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project approximately accounting for 33% of the year. The minimum rainfall is in Nou embel. Mvay tu September are a season of plum rains, typhoon and thunderstorms, the rainfall accounts for 47 -83 of the year. The primary wind direction of the year is southeast wind and frequency is 14.3 %; the secondary wind direction of the year is south wind in summer and west wind in winter. The average annual wind velocity is 2.9m/s and the maximum wind velocity is 31.7m/s. The annual sunshine is up to 1700-1980 hours. 3.4.1.5 River hydrology (1) The Minjiang River The Minjiang River with a total length of 2959km originates from the Wuyi Range in the North of Fujian Province. It flows through 36 counties and cities, covering a catchment area of 60,992km2 . According to the site statistic data measured by Zhuqi Hydrologic Station for 50 years from 1936 to 1985, the average annual runoff of the Minjiang River is 56.1 billion cubic meters, plus flow of Dazhangxi River and other branches, the average annual runoff of the Minjiang River is over 62 billion cubic meters. Distribution of the runoffs in 4 seasons is quite differenit Rulloff In SpnIne1 accounts for 35.6%; 40.2% in summer; 14.2% in autumn and 10% in winter. From April to June is high water period, the runoff accounts for 47.9%, the largest runoff in June accounts for 20.7%, but the smallest runoff only accounts for 2.6% in January. The downstream of the Minjiang River is divided into south and north branches. The south branch is called Nangang (another name is Wulongjiang River); north branch is called Beigang (another name is Taijiang River). After the south and north branches respectively flow around Nantai Island and pass through Fuzhou, they join at Luoxingta, Mawei. The total length of the Minjiang River on Nantai Island is about 66km. After it flows through Tingtou, it divides into the south and north branches that flow into the sea at Meihua and Changmen respectively. The total length of the Beigang section from Huaian to Mawei is 31.99km. It is basically narrow in upstream and wide in downstream, between midstream and upstream is a canyon section of 5km long, whose main channel water depth is about 1.5-3m. The average gradient of Beigang is 1.5%o. The river section from the branch's mouth to Hongshan Bridge is deep in water and narrow in width, during low water period, water surface width is 150-220m; water surface width of the river section from Hongshan Bridge to Jiefang Bridge is 200-300. The gradient of flood and tide (ebb tide) are all 1.2%o. After Jiefang Bridge, river width becomes about 500m gradually. The north river section starts from Hongshan Bridge and passes through Fuzhou urban area. The river channel is restricted between the dykes or hills on both banks of the river. On both banks are Ding Dam. Shun Dam. river land production wharfs and terminals. The total length of Nangang section from Huaian to Mawei's Luoxingta is 34.8km. It appears wide up and narrow down. Except that Xiadou River is 350m wide, the other part of the river is about 2km wide. The average river width is 3-4 times that of Beigang. The water depth of the main channel near Wulongjiang Bridge is relatively deep, up to 12-15m; other sections are below 2m deep. The upstream of the river is less than 1.5m deep during low water. Nangang's channel is relatively shallow. Shallow lands are changeable. Riverbed is higher than that of Beigang. The branch's flow is relatively Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 46 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project small during middle and low water periods. Since Nangang functions flood-diversion and sand discharge, it has a law of flood accumulation and low water flushing. The diversion ratio of Nangang and Beigang varies with Zhuqi's flow. The runoff ratio of Nangang and Beigang is affected by the landform of the river distributary mouth and hydrologic period. In accordance with long-term observation, a bigger runoff flows through Nangang during flood time when water is diverted by Nangang and Beigang, but at middle water period, most water flows through Beigang. In recent year, Nangang runs dry sometimes at low water period. Refer to Table 3.0-1 for diversion ratio of Nangang and Beigang at various water periods Table 3.0-2 Diversion ratio of Nangang and Beigang Hydrologic period Zhugi flow (m'/s) Beigang (%) Nangang (%) Low water 600 100 0 Middle water 2200 82.40 17.6 HIGH WATER 8000 55.84 44.16 Tide Mrin tang mouth belongs to strong tidal continental river mouth. Tidal type is regular half-day one. 5h has two cycles tn a day. Each cycle lasts 12 hours and 25 mrunutes. The average tide rising is about and tide falling is about 7h and 25 minutes. 12 hours and 50 minutes is a tide rising and falling cycle. month are July and August of the lunar year is the big tide period. The 3rd and 18th days of each lunar monthly big tidal period. Big tide area boundary at the Minjiang mouth is near Houguan during the dry season, but the tide boundary reaches Wenshanli. The tide boundary is between Kuiqi and Majiang during the middle water period. The tide area boundary is at Jiefang Bridge at the low water period, but tide boundary is at 3 Mawei. When Zhuqi flow is over 1300m /s, there is basically no tide at Luoxingta section. The tide maximum tidal range at Baiyantan Station is 5.28m; the average tidal range is 3.8m. When the moves upstream, the tidal range will become smaller and smaller, so effect of the tide become weaker and tidal time becomes shorter. During the dry season, there is rare runoff in Nangang at Juyuanzhou section, river water only moves upstream during tide rising. (2) Inland river There are more than 20 inland rivers on Nantai Island. The main rivers are Longjin River, Gangtou River, Yuejin River, Yangqia River and Baihuting River. Most of the inland rivers are seriously silted up and water doesn't flow smoothly. 3.4.1.6 Groundwater 2 Fuzhou Basin covers an area of about 508km . There is buried bedrock crevice-water. Reserve for at exploitation is 2 1.3m . There is riclh oid water and hot spring. It is verified that there is hot spring Luozhou Town, Nantai Island, but it has to verify its reserve and quality. There is rich underground water at the alluvial plain along the road and shallowly buried. Since Fuzhou has rich surface water resource, utilization of cold underground water is very few. 3.4.1.7 Soil soil, Nantai Island has 3 kinds of soils and 5 kinds of subsoils. 3 kinds of soils are regional lateritic non-regional tidal soil and paddy soil. The lateritic soil mainly distributes at the hilly area on the island Guangzhou Environmental Research Instittite 47 Environimental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project while the paddy soil distributes in elevation. Tidal soil and paddy soil crisscross on the plain, hilly glacis and slope region. Cultivated soil accounts over 2/3 of the total area of the district. 3.4.2 Fuzhou's current social situation and planning 3.4.2.1 City nature In accordance with g(Fuzhou's General City Planning 1995-2010)), the nature of Fuzhou city is defined as: the capital city of Fujian Province, a historic and cultural city (published in the second batch) of the State, an important economic center of China's southeast coast and a modem harbor city. 3.4.2.2 Geographic Location Fuzhou is located at the center of sea and air lines of Asian regions with fast economic growth, the center of China's coastal open zones and the center of the economncally den eloped 'Y'angtze Riv,er Delta and Zhujiang River Delta, so it enjoys a favorable geographic position. Construction of the airport. harbor, coastal highways and railway would further enhance its position advantages. Nantai Island is positioned at the west and south parts of the central urban area of Fuzhou, where enjoys a quite accessible water and air traffic. On the island are beautiful hills covered with trees. There are rich cultural and folk resources. There are about 60 high learning institutions and scientific research institutes at Cangshan area, where is the most irnportant existing base of Fuzhou for culture, education and scientific research. Nantai Island's Cangshan area has relatively developed industry and economy. There are Cangshan SciTech park area and Cangshan industrial area. In 2001, the industrial output value was RMB4:5 billion. Nantai Island has set up industrial bases at Jinshan investment area, Gaishan investment area and Chengmen investment area. It is a key place of Fuzhou for urban construction and investment at present. It will play a very important role in the development of this century. On one hand, it is a new growing point of Fuzhou, a new urban area to undertake the task of city expansion and increase of city's total economic volume; on other hand, it takes the task of sharing functions of Gulou and Taijiang Districts, scattering the population and traffic at the old urban area, thus bringing city's development to a virtuous cycle. 3.4.2.3Current economic and social conditions of Fuzhou and Nantai Island 3.4.2.3.1Fuzhou Population and communit) Fuzhou governs 5 districts, 2 municipalities and 6 counties. 5 districts are Gulou District, Taijiang District, Jinan District, Cangshan District and Mawei District: 2 municipalities are Fuqing and Changle. and 6 counties are Minhou County, Lianjiang County, Luoyuan County, Minqing County, Yongtai County and Pingtan County. By the end of 2002, there were 1762021 households, with a total permnanent population of 5,975,381, out of which urban households were 486,365 and population (5 districts) was 157,64791. Nantai Island is positioned in the south of Fuzhou urban area. After restructuring, Cangshan District covers the whole Nantai Island, governing Jianxin Town, Gaishan Town, Chengmen Town, Cangshan Town, Luozhou Town, 7 streets, 45 community offices, 18 sub district committees, 113 administrative villages, covering an area of 142km 2. Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 48 Enxironmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 1.4.2.3.2Baseline ol land resource development and utilization of Nantai Island In 2002, the structure ratio of the 3 industries is 5.21:62.69:32.10. The gross industrial output value was RMBY18.756 billion and agricultural output value was RMBYO.7088 billion (only accounting for 5.2 1% of the gross output value). 2 Nantai Island has a rich land resource of various types, covering a total area of 142km . Cangshan Town has the highest land utilization rate of 99.27% and Chengmen Town has the lowest land utilization rate of 90.17%. The developed land of the District covers 7896.33 hectares, consisting of cultivated farmland, orchard, forest and grassplot, and farming water area, accounting for 59.7%, the largest area is at Jianxin Town. Non-farm land covers 5330.47 hectares, consisting of residence, industry, mines, traffic and non-farming water area, accounting for 40.3%, the largest area in at Cangshan Town. Proportion of farmland for orchard ranks first (41.7%), then comes farming water area (32%). Undeveloped area is 980.83 hectares, accounting for 6.9% of the District's total area, out of which wasteland is 768.78 hectares, accounting for 78.38% of the unutilized land; ridge area is 120.11 hectares, accounting for 2 2sO/: bare area is 58.21 hectares. accounting for 5.94%: other area accounts for a very small propor-tion loowns with larger unutilized area are Chengmen Town. Jianxin Town and Gaishan Town. 3.4.2.3.3 Baseline of economic development Since the reform and open to the outside world, Fuzhou has made remarkable progress in the development of economy and social undertakings. Its integral urban power has stepped into top 10 provincial capital cities in China. In 1984, Fuzhou became a national historic and cultural city of the second batch and one of the 14 coastal open port cities of China. In 1985, it was listed one of the cities to carry out trial reform on national economic system. In 1990, it became one of China's 35 cities each with a GDP over "Ten Billion Yuam". In 1991, it first became one of China's first batch "top 50 cities with the strongest integral power" and one of "top 40 cities with the best investment hardware In environment". In 1997, its city integral power ranked 2 4'h among China"s 219 prefecture-level cities. 2001, its total economic volume increased from the 17th in 1978 to the 9th among China's 26 provincial capital cities. Fuzhou was successively awarded the title of "National Advanced City on Creation of Ethical City" and "National Hygienic City", "National Advanced City of Developing the City through Science and Education" for three consecutive years, "National Model City on Double-Support" for four consecutive years. In 2000, it was granted "China's Fine Tourist City". In 2002, calculated on the basis of the comparable price, Fuzhou reached a GDP of RMBY 121.4852 billion (RMB Y 57.461 billion in urban area), an increase of 10.6% over the previous year. The primary industry's added-value was RMBY 14.0740 billion (RMBY0.992 billion in urban area), an increase of 8.9',:, o\er the pre,ious year; the secondary industry's added-value was RMBBY59.562 billion (RMBY 26.221 billion in urban area), an increase of 14.2%; the tertiary industry's added-value was RMBY 47.883 billion (RMBY28.717 in urban billion), an increase of 8.6%. Fuzhou's GDP per capita was RMBY20,292 (RMBY35,784 in urban area), an increase of 10.2% over the previous year. 3.4.2.4 City's natural landscape Guangzhoti Environmental Research Institute 49 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Fuzhou is China's ftne tourist city with unique features. As early as in Song Dynasty, Fuzhou was named "Rong Cheng (Banyan City)" because of its lots of banyan trees in the city. There are beautiful hills like Yushan, Wushan and Pingshan that make Fuzhou become a unique city of "hills in the city and city in the midst of hills". There are Wuta Pagoda and Baita Pagoda of over 1000-year history, the Minjiang River (Nangang) with an annual runoff of 60 billion cubic meters passes through the city. All those form a unique landscape "three hills, two pagodas and one river" full of cultural meaning. Fuzhou's Gushan and Xichan Temple have been well known both at home and abroad. With Yongquan Temple as the center, Gushan has more than 160 scenic spots along four directions. In addition, there are State forest park in the north and Qishan scenic spot. 3.4.2.5Baseline of surface water resource development and utilization Average runoff of the Minjiang River for years is about 56 1 billion cubic meters Average runoff depth at Fuzhou section is 500-1500mm, out of which average runoff depth at urban area is 680mnm. The annual water production capacity is 26 million cubic meters, a per capita amount ot 1954 cubic meters. But guest water of the Minjiang River is very big, so Fuzhou has a rich fresh water resource, a per capita amount of 12,500 cubic meters, ranking second among 14 coastal open cities in China. At present, water supply facilities at Cangshan District are: Chengmen Water Plant, Yixu Water Plant and Nanqu Water Plant. Chengmen Water Plant has an existing water supply capacity of about 60,000T/day; Yixu Water Plant has an existing water supply capacity of about 21,OOOT/day and Nanqu Water Plant has an existing water supply capacity of about 30,000-40,OOOT/day. In addition, there are various self-provided industrial water sources. It is estimated that the annual water supply capacity could reach 48 million tons. 3.4.2.5 Baseline of land resource development and utilization of Nantai Island Nantai Island has a rich land resource of various types, covering a total area of 142km2. Cangshan Town has the highest land utilization rate of 99.27% and Chengmen Town has the lowest land utilization rate of 90.17%. The developed land of the District covers 7896.33 hecLares. consisting olIulItI\ tdLl nitIar l d. , i.Ui forest and grassland, and farming water area, accounting for 59 7%1/.the laroest area is at JIan\ inl It,\\fl Non-farm land covers 5330.47 hectares. consisting ot residenices. indusUN-. inIlI)CS. tldlt'tI aId non-farming water area, accounting fotr 40.3",. the largest ar-ea I" at ( aI-Ishai II I()\\t1 III() pItl ,)II farmland for orchard ranks first (41.7%), then comes farming w\ater area O '20o). li nde\eloped area is 980.83 hectares, accounting for 6.9% of the District's total area, out ot whichi sasteland is 76X 7 hectares, accounting for 78.38% of the unutilized land; ridge area is 120.11 hectares, accounting for 2.25%; bare area is 58.23 hectares, accounting for 5.94%; other area accounts for a very small proportion. Towns with larger unutilized areas are Chengmen Town, Jianxin Town and Gaishan Town. 3.4.2.6 Baseline of surface water development and utilization Average runoff of the Minjiang River for years is about 56.1 billion cubic meters. Average runoff depth at Fuzhou section is 500-1500mm, out of which average runoff depth at urban area is 680mm. The annual water production capacity is 26 mnillion cubic meters, a per capita amount of 1954 cubic meters. But guest water of the Minjiang River is very big, so Fuzhou has a rich fresh water resource, a per capita amount of 12,500 cubic meters, ranking second among 14 coastal open cities. At Current, water GUdngZhOLI Enu iientiieiital Research Inst ittie 50 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project supply facilities of Cangshan District are: Chengmen Water Plant. Yixu Water Plant and Nanqu Water Plant. Chengmen Water Plant has an existing water supply capacity of about 60,OOOT/day; Yixu Water l'lani has an existingixatei supply capacity of about 21,OOOT,day and Nanqu Water Plant has an existing water supply capacity of about 30.000-40OOOT/day. In addition, there are various self-provided industrial water sources. It is estimated that the annual water supply capacity could reach 48 million tons. 3.4.2.7 Baseline communications situation Nantai Island is positioned in the south gateway of Fuzhou, enjoys a favorable geographic environment and a quite accessible traffic. There are 9 bridges connecting other parts of the city. It is at the starting. point of No.324 State highway and the entrance of Tongsan Highway. No.316 and No.324 State Highways pass through the territory. It has a developed highway network; east side is 7.6 nautical rnile to Harbor Mawei; south side is 56 nautical miles and 96 nautical miles to Harbor Songxia, Changle and to Harbor Jianyin, Fuqing respectively. Pitou harbor area at the northeast part of the island and on the south bank of The Minjiang River is being prepared for construction. Fuzhou Changle International Airport is 35km to the District and Yixu airport in its territory has domestic flights. 3.4.3 Sensitive points for environmental protection 1-n\ ronmental prntection oblectixe means objects that are conducive to impact of the project construction tor enx ironnienital assessment, that isto say objects relatively sensitive to environmental lmipal dei j\ ed lfroml project construction, \ hIich are generally called sensitive points. Usually, sensitive points mean school. hospital, kindergarten. residential buildings, scientific research institutes, drinking \kater source, scenic spots and historic sites within the environmental assessment. 3.4.3.1 Sensitive point distribution of Nanjiang Binlu Project According to site investigation along the line, sensitive point distribution of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu Project is shown on Table 3.4.3-1 and Fig. 3.4.3-1-3.4.3-3. The more specific and detailed locations of the most sensitive receptors (schools and church) with relations to the project alignment are shown in Fig.3.4.3-4 to 3.4.3-7. Guangzhou Environmental Research Institute 51 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 3.4.4-1 Sensitive points along Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu Project No. Name Mileage Distance to red line Size On south of line, 184 households (14 wood houses of 2 storeys, 8 wood houses of 3 I Residence at K0+000 KI+630 .5 -- 2m to south storeys, 4 brick-tile houses of 4 storeys. 6 Cangqianlu side brick-tile houses of 5 storeys, 40 brick-tile houses of 6 storeys, 4 brick-tile houses of 7 storeys. I brick-tile houses of 8 storeys) 2 2 YinghuaSchool English Kl+445- KI+476 3ni to south side south of line School_ _ ___ 3 Anlan Club K1-'-593 -Kl+614 2m to soutlh side South ol ,ic 'totitl ,I1 III. ' hw'!, I, dd1,1 1. Taipingyan City I 9 M 10tlSOLuth SILlkALIT CJlhiil iLiIeoIIL) 1,lOIc\ 2 3 ~~~~iK I--h3 K I 850 ll.,L Community iUliCILC SILC I' .tillklilIii W) ( .Ioic\ 1K I .1. sLuIctuLI-ed buildiigS of ' bLic>)b) Residence along No.2 The K2+145-K2+235 I -7m to south of 4 Minjiang lims 37 households Bridge-Paper line Mill 5 Fanchuanpu K2+235-K2+315 Passes by north side South of line Catholic Church GKO+000- 1.5-7.5m to east 44 households Resiencon ast GKO+370 side 6 Residence on east GKO+425- m to east side 5 households Qianheheng Nanlu GKO+685 GKO+71 5- east side5m 154 households (Jinpu Residential GKI+090 Community under construction) Residence on west GKO+000- I -27.5m to west 46households 7 Residence on west GKO+370 side Qianheheng Nanlu GKO+425-G 7-12m to west 20households KO+685 side Line was planned to pass the Puxiazhou wetland, after preliminary overall assessment, in order to avoid impact during construction and operation, at the planned Qianheng Bridge. it shall use the alternatiVe line of Qianheng Nanlu. Historic reservation along Nanjiang Binlu is Fanchuanpu Catholic Church and Anlan Club. It shall pass by the north side of the Fanchuanpu Catholic Church. It is planed to demolish a dormutory building of the Catholic Church and the existing square will also be affected, so this section of road shall be evaluated and adjusted. Design of Anlan Club section was somewhat affected, but after adjustment, the Club will not be affected. GLangzhoLI Environniental Researrh Institute 52 Ell iroiiiictnial Impact Assessment Fuznou Naniii Islaml Pci I ;irban Development Project 3.4.3.2 Sensitive points along 3RR/II AccodidiLg to -dte in%estigation along the line, sensitive point distributions ot l:Iuzhiou 3RR/11 and Nanjiang Binlu Project are shown on Table 3.4 .-2 Table 3.4.3-2 Frnvironmental protection sensitive points along 3RR/11 Mileage Distance to Remark No. s. me road I house of I storcy) I Vainhiai X illt c K);4000-KI+323 I - 16.5m 38 households. on soOuth silde of the road (4 brick-tile structured houses of I storey, 6 houses of 2 stireys, 2 Shani( ilkac_-7m KC-672--KO+777 17 households. on north side of the road (I wood structured house of I storey, 3 brick-tile structuted houses of I storey, I house of 2 storeys. I houscsof storeys) 9-75m 58 households, on Nouth side of the road (8 brick-tile structured houses of I storey. 6 houses of 2 sioreys, 3 houses of 3 storeys) 3 Yaiigqi \ illace KO-+833-Kl+217 I - 16m 28 households, on uorth side of the road (3 brick-tile structured houses of I storey, 4 houses of 2 storeys, I house of 3 storeys) 4 _Lshaii iliaee K3+280-K3+655 14-36m 35 households, on north side of the road (I wood structured house of 2 storeys, 7 brick-tile stiuictured houses of I storey, 2 houses of 2 storeys. 2 houses of 3 storeys) 5 Pushiani I cmple K3 +410 K3+455 8m On north side of the road. WLICTilC \ illag,e 6 StigY lemTle K4+ 120-K4+ 150 Line passes An ecological protection point (4 banyan trees) and a religious place of the Village K4+200-K4+334 2.5 -13m 22 households, on north side of the road (I brick-tile structured house of I storey, 2 houses of 2 stolcys, 2 houses of 3 storeys) of 3 storeys) 7 Wufeiiyg \ illagc K4+715 - K4+791 22-47m 26 households, on iiorth side of the road (I brick-tile structured house of I storey, 3 houses of 2 storeys, 2 houses K4+515'-K4+575 1-4.5 16 households, on south side of the road (2 brick-tile structured houses of 2 storeys, I house of 4 storeys) 8 YIxu waici plaiit K4+575-K4+715 lom South side of the road is close to water plant, but 500m away to the inlet of the water plant 21 households, on north side of the road (I wood structured house of 2 storeys, 6 brick-tile structured houses of I storey, 2 PukouL iazbou K(+750 -K6+916 2---36m houses of 2 storeys) Village K6+815-K6+870 1-13m 14 households, on south side of the road (5 brick-tile structured houses of I storey, I house of 2 storeys) K7+257--K7+823 I- 18m 64 households, on north side of the road (2 wood structured houses of I storey, 2 houses of 2 storeys, 15 brick-tile structured 10 Qianyiain Village, houses of I storey, 6 houses of 2 storeys, 4 houses of 3 storeys, Ihouse of 4 storeys) Aoshan Village K7+173-K7+378 I -6m 31 households, on south side of the road (I wood structured house of I storey, 5 brick-tile structurcd houses of I storey, 5 houses _ _ K77 + ±3 1 7 78 3- K l---6 m ~~of 2 store ys) - ______ Fujian (C'ollege of It was planned to pass through the north side of the school. In order to protect school enviroiiment. after being adjusted, red line aInformation K7+780-K7+935 passes by the building of the school. and Technology 12 Duyuan Village K7+947-K8+158 3-53m 24 households, on south side of the road (2 brick-tile structured houses of I storey, 5 houses of 2 storeys) -J 'lilf environmentprotect I j-if'l ol'r 53 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Among the sensitive points, Pushan Temple is municipality-level historic reservation; Shigong Temple at Wufeng Village is a religious place of the Village, since there are 4 ancient banyan trees, it is an ecological sensitive point as well. Because the road would pass here, it is suggested that line should be adjusted so as to protect this sensitive point. 3.4.3.3 Environmental protection sensitive points along Kuiqi Bridge Project According to site investigation along the line, sensitive point distribution of Fuzhou Kuiqi Bridge Project is shown on Table 3.4.3-3 and Fig. 3.4.3-3. Table 3.4.3-3 Environmental protection sensitive points along Kuiqi Bridge Project Location Village Position Nature Size Channel 260m on the northwest Xindangzhou Xindangzhou and Puxiazhou are called side to K12+000 - wetland Puxiazhou wetland, belonging to ecologicalal K12+650 sensitive point North Kuiqi 1'8.5m to interchange Residence 42 households (10 brick-tile structured houses of bridge Village west I storey, 2 houses of 2 storeys, I house of 3 end storeys and I house of 4 storeys) 2-31.5m to interchange Residence 68 households(3 brick-tile structured houses of I north storey, 4 houses of I storeys, 7 houses of 13 storeys, and I wood structured house of 2 storeys) Interchange passes Kuiqi School with 250 pupils and 15 teachers shall be primary relocated. school Interchange passes Kuiqi One kindergarten shall be relocated, with 3 .______kindergarten classes of over 80 children and 6 teachers. Waitang 1.5-21m to interchange Residence 109 households (4 brick-tile structured houses of Village east I storey, 13 houses of 2 storeys, 2 buildings of 3 storeys, 2 buildings of 4 storeys. 2 huildings of 5 storeis. I sNood structured house ol I sioic\ South Linpu 102m to elevated viaduct Linpu battery An ancient batters belongs to district's historic bridge Village northwest (K II -900) I-esci tiuli end and 102m to elevated viaduct Linpu Water Daily water-pumping capacity of 3000-4000m' Shaoqi northwest (K1 1+900) Plant Village 105m to elevated viaduct Linpu Stone A small stone pagoda of several meters high, but northwest (K1 1+900) Pagoda a district's historic reservation 15m-50m to elevated Residence 12 buildings of 1-2 storeys viaduct northwest (K1 1+600-KI+720) There is a residential conmnunity on the north end of the Bridge; along the approach of the interchange are many residential houses. Kuiqi Primary School and kindergarten are within the area of the interchange, which shall be relocated. Other sensitive receptors include the residence of Dishaoqi Village, Duimianzhou (two places belong to Puxiazhou wetland), Linpu water plant (ancient battery) and Linpu Stone Pagoda, Linpu Ancient Battery and Linpu Stone Pagoda which is a a district-level historic reservation. Guangzhou Environiiient Protect Research InstItLIte 51 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 4. Assessment of Ecologicalal Environment and Mitigation Measures 4.1 Terrestrial Ecologicalal Environment 4.1.1 Baseline of plants along the project area Owing to the years of human activities, the original vegetation in the project area has disappeared long ago. being replaced by successi\e growth and artificial plantation. The area vegetation is rather monotonous with few species and low value forests. The major tree species are the Chinese Red Pine (Pinus massoniana), Taiwan Acacia subtropics (Acacia confusa), Japanese Black Pine (Pinus thunbergii), Tea-oil Plant(Camellia oleifera), Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii), Black Wattle (Acacia mearnsii), Phyllostachy makinoi, and Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens); the major fruit trees are tropical, subtropical and temperate zone fruits such as Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica), Citruses (Citrus spp.), and Longan (Dimocarpus longan); the major shrubs are Box-leaved Syzygium (Syzygium buxifolium), Downy Rose Myrtle (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa), Sea Bilberry (Vaccinium bracteatum), Indian Azalea (Rhododendron simsii), Gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides), Chinese photinia (Photinia serrulata), Chinese Eurya (Eurya chinensis), Sapphireberry Sweetleaf (Symnplocos paniculata), Black Cutch (Acacia catechu) and Manyflower Glorybower (Clerodendron cyrtophyllum); the dominant herbaceous species is the False Staghorn Fern (Dicranopteris linearis) with others like the Giant Chinese Silvergrass (Miscanthus floridulus), Elecampane (Inula cappa), Hirsute Arundinella (Arundinella hirta) and Common Lophantherum (Lophantherum gracile); of the creepers there are the Evergreen Wisteria (Millettia reticulata), Cherokee Rose (Rosa laevigata), Shiny-leaved Prickly Ash (Zanthoxylum nitidun), Japanese Hawthorn (Crataegus cuneata) and Common Indian Mulberry (Miranda umbellata); in addition can be found tree saplings of the Chinese Gugertree (Schima superba) and Sweetgum (Liquidambar formosana). The forest coverage attained 19% for Nantai Island according to a August 1999 survey, being mostly th concentrated in rolling and hilly areas. Landscaping construction in urban areas during the 9 Five-year Plan accomplished an increase of 418.65 hectares in greenery, planting I million shrub plants and turfing 5 16 thousand square meters. The Island utilized 215.5 thousand bags of turfing and 26 thousand pots of flowers in bloom. In all, 667.23 hectares of verdure were built, making the greenery rate 30.24%, with a 7.29-square meter per capita share of public green space. 4.1.2 Baseline of forest resources Hilly land comprises about 65% of Nantai Island, resulting in a relative abundance of forest resources. Reforestation efforts revolving around the target of establishing an ecologicalal and commercial forest system during the 9th Five-year Plan, realized a 3-year "Fuzhou Green Barrier Restoration" project by forestation of 358.7 hectares; over the entire area 466.7 hectares were planted to forest, 278.7 hectares to fruit trees and 13 ecologicalal forest and commercial forest areas were set up. The total forest area for the whole region as of August 1999 was 4259.3 hectares, representing a 19% forest coverage. The forest in the region can be classified as suburban type, mainly comprising shelter forest, commercial forest, and forest for special use. Forest species mainly consist of Chinese Red Pine and Taiwan Acacia, whereas commercial forests chiefly include Longan, Litchi, Chinese White Olive (Canarium album), Wampi (Clausena lansium), bamboo shoots and flowers, with ornamental plantation, White Jade Orchid Tree (Michelia alba) and Buddhist Bauhinia (Bauhinia variegata) to match. 11l:/l1,- i rl1illf1'ip Piwlc'l, + 5 5l, Insi ititp 5.5 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project During the 10th Five-year Plan period, the forestry program of the Cangshan District for 2001 through 2005 is to allocate more than 4000 hectares for forestry usage, occupying 27% of the land acreage. of which 2933 hectares would be under forest. Arrangement will be made to subject 666.7 hectares ot sparsely wooded and treeless land forming existing wasteland and sandbanks to forestation dul-rin this five-year period at a rate of 133.3 hectares per year, completing the whole 666.7 hectares at the end ot five years. Commercial forest will be increased bh 66 67 hectare; annuall\ to attain aianiciea.ilc of 333.3 hectares after five years and accounting for over 50% proportionally. While keeping in mind the target of constructing ecologicalal forests, the forestry agency of Canshan District will, after setting up ecologicalal and commercial forests, proceed further with improving the management in the following three areas: augmenting forestry resources, intensifying forest fire-prevention and upgrading pest control. The program requires that after subtracting 60 hectares of forestland diverted to other uses and consumed in timber production, the annual net increase in forest area should be 73.33 hectares, representing net increase in forest coverage of 3%, which should by 2005 attain 21%. A yearly quota limit of 600 cubic meters for timber production, a 3.6-hectare forest fire damage allowable acreage, and a minimum 80% forest pest control target will be instituted. 4.1.3 Baseline of landscaping The total green surface built in the Nantai Island district is 695.77 hectares at present, of which public green space covers 153.09 hectares, exclusive green space (including green spaces in residential areas and those attached to units) 109.87 hectares, greenery devoted to production 29.1 hectares, green surface in scenic spots and famous sites 389.47 hectares, and roadside green space 14.24 hectares. Thc per capita share of public green space is 7.29 square meters. the green coverage ratio 34 6s U and the green surface rate 30.24%. 4.1.4 Survey and assessment of ecologicalal status along the project alignment Green space along the Nanjiang Binlu has been completed, the landscaping of Cangqian Road being very good, where are planted chiefly Smallfruit Fig (Ficus microcarpa) with some Mango (Mangifera indica) and Buddhist Bauhinia; the remaining space consists mostly of demolished buildings with sparse sprinkling of trees. Field inspection of the terrain and land contour, land utilization, fauna and flora along the 3RR/II has provided relevant information, the survey of the existing ecologicalal status revealing that along the line are mainly Mandarine (Citrus reticulata) orchards with a small amount of agricultural fields and vegetable plots, the fields interspersed with some Banana (Musa acuminata), Longan and Pomegranate (Punica granatum) plantations. There is a man-made forest at Aoshan (also called Duyuanshan) with luxuriant tree growth, the major species being Taiwan Acacia, Chinese Red Pine and Smallfruit Fig (Ficus microcarpa). For the investigation and survey findings, see table 4.1-1. On both sides of the viaduct at the southern end of the Kuiqi Bridge are cultivated fields, whereas at the northern end there are mostly demolished buildings with few trees. Guangzhou Environnient Protect Research Institute 56 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 4.1-1 Ecologicalal Investigation Findings along the 3RR/III Jurisdiction Mileage Position Remarks KO+000-KO+120 South side Vegetable plots Wanbian KO+140-KO+220 South side Longan, some Mandarine Village KO+030-KO+070 North side Mandarine orchard KO+130 -KO+175 North side Mandarine orchard KO+195-KO+322 North side Mainly Mandarine orchards interspersed with banana, Longan and Pomegranate Shangqi K0 332-KO-420 North side Mandarine orchard Village KO--400-KO-840 South side Mandarine orchard I KO-522--KO-543 North side Mandarine orchard KO+55 1 --KO-e840 North side Mandarine orchard KO+863-KO+920 North side Mandarine orchard Yangxia KO+932-K1+373 South side Mandarine orchard Village K1+204-KI+373 North side Mandarine orchard Kl+060-KI+145 South side Mandarine orchard Yangqi Kl+145-KI+186 South side Pond Village KI+186-KI+250 South side Meadow Kl+250-KI+282 South side Mandarine and meadow, few vegetable plots Kl+352-Kl+684 South side Mandarine orchard KI+684-KI+730 South side Vegetable plots, ponds K1+730-K2+235 South side Mandarine orchard East of K2+235'-K2+360 South side Vegetable plots Mupaijiang K2+360-K3+000 South side Mandarine orchard K3+000-K3+115 South side Mainly sugarcane, with some Mandarine orchards and dry land Kl+425-K2+698 North side Mandarine orchard K2-741-K3 130 North side Mandarine orchard K3+340-K3+394 Soutlh side Fishpond K3-394--K3>505 South side Dryland Wushan K3-505-K3-700 South side Vegetable plots \/Vllage K3+870-K3+930 South side Mandarine orchard K3+510-K3+845 North side Vegetable plots K3+858-K3+914 North side Vegetable plots Wufeng K4+100-K4+180 North side Mandarine orchard Village K4+250-K4+437 North side Mandarine orchard K4+420-K4+714 North side Mandarine orchard, some vegetable on north side K4+710-K4+890 North side Water cistem K4+980-K5+050 North side Water cistern K5+050-K5+283 North side Vegetable plots K5+305-K5+750 North side Mandarine orchard K4+516-K4+608 South side Pond K4+645-K5+496 South side Mandarine orchard K5+496-K5+526 South side Vegetable plots K5+526-K5+703 South side Mandarine orchard 1 57 'l 1, !'I,1 1 E1l,:l'1 P I- e R' s i 1 rstitile Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project K5+784-K5+960 South side 1 Mandarine orchard K6+341 -K6+500 South side Vegetable plots West section K6-062-K6+080 North side Mandarine orchard of Difengjiang K6+080-K6+ 123 North side v Dry land K6+123-K6+384 North side Vegetable plots Pukouxiazhou K6+500-K6+655 North side Vegetable plots Village K6+830-K7+050 North side Mandarine orchard K6+838-K6+983 South side Mandarine orchard Qianyuan K7+093-K7+250 North side Mandarine orchard Village K7+320-K7+390 South side Jasmine garden and small dunes Aoshan K7+660-K8+180 North side Mandarine orchard Village Aoshan (also K8+200-K8+550 By north slope, Main tree species: Taiwan Acacia, called hilltop on south Chinese Red Pine, Smallfruit Fig Duyuanshan) with a few Camphor Trees Duyuan K8+500-K8+620 North side Mandarine orchard Village K8+240-K8+660 South side Mandarine orchard Southern part K10+180-K10+940 North side Paddy fields of Huangshan K10+720-K10+940 South side Pig Farms V illage ______Linpu Village K11+536-K12+474 Both sides Paddy fields and Shaoqi Village 4.2 Baseline of aquatic ecology at the Kuiqi River reaches The following information on migrant fishes and crabs as well as aquaculture on the lower reaches of the Minjiang River (including the Kuiqi reaches) is furnished by the Fuzhou Municipal Marine and Fishery Bureau. (I ) Migrant Fishes and Crabs on the Lower Reaches of the Minjiang River 1) Freshwater Eel. The impact on the eel population is seen mainly from November through March of the following year, when the adult eels starting November successively swim from fresh water to the ocean to spawn., eggs hatch out and develop into elvers, after which they ascend rivers before March the next year to live in fresh water; according to data, each year the quantity of elvers caught at the estuary of the Minjiang River is about 2-3 tons. 2) Chinese Mitten-handed Crab (Eriocheir sinensis). The impact is seen chiefly each year in November to December and May to June. Parent Chinese Mitten-handed crabs from October each year start moving towards the sea to breed, where they spawn: the eggs hatch out and develop intk >\\mwnimL baby crabs that commence to swim towards fresh-water mainly in No\emlber to l)eccnihci ti cl.. I year. V2) Asiatic Clam Farming at the Kuiqi River Reaches The water area south of the proposed site for building the Kulqi Bridge is a natural Asiatic clam breeding ground. Besides, the local people have 720 mu Asiatic clam farms, which Lianjiang Village, Shaoqi Village, Shishan Village, Fulian Village, Zhangyu Village, villages belonging to Chengmen Town of Cangshan District, also have. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 58 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 4.3 Status of Minjiang River Estuarine Wetlands 43.1 Distribution and Types of Minjiang River Estuarine Wetlands Based on the definition in the 1971 Global intergovernmental '!- . ',lU,, lhc MI niwLn Ri\ci c\Icnd.s fionm MinhouLuqi on the east to Lianjiangshi Island on the west. The range of the survey included coastal areas along the Minjiang River estuary and the i[uzhou plain. l\ith total \\etland area of 467.' square kmn, which included riverside wetland about 230.8 sq km, occupying roughly 49.4% of the total wetland area; reservoirs 1.797 sq kmr taking up about 0.4%, of the total; paddy fields 204.883 sq km, about 43.8% of total; other wetlands about 30.126 sq km. accounting for approximately 6.4% of the total wetland area. The Minjiang River estuary is a riverside beach and sandbank wetland and, extending from Minhouzhuqi to the mouth of the Minjiang River, consists of wetland formed by seven pieces of sandbank beach, which are, starting from the river mouth through upstream (see Fig.4.3.1 -1): * Shanyutan Wetland: extending from Meihua Town of Changle City at the Minjiang River mouth to.Tantou Town, the wetland mainly consisting of sand beach, aquatic grass mud bank and a mid-river sandbank planted to Horsetail Tree (Casuarina equisetifolia); * Bianfuzhou Wetland: situated at Houyu Township, the ecologicalal environment chiefly consisting of sandy mud flats, paddy fields and river bend depressions. * Daoqingzhou Wetland: Daoqingzhou is situated at Yangxia Village in the suburbs of Fuzhou, the nearby Mahang Sandbank having on it paddy fields and Common Reed (Phragmites communis) growth. * Luqizhou Wetland: situated to the northeast of Chengmen Town of Fuzhou in the north harbor of the Minjiang River. consisting mainly of sandbanks, most of which becomes inundated at high tide, and partly made up of grassy mud flats. * Pum\la/hou (inclidin,g \indanU7hou) Wetland: situated in the north harbor to the northeast of Cangshan District, having a diverse ecologicalal environment with sandbanks and grassy mud banks; * Tajiaozhou Wetland: situated at the Niaolong River on the north side of Menhouqian Town. Here are large stretches of sand beach and mud flat, which are partly planted to sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), rice (Oryza sativa), and large numbers of Asiatic Clams (Corbicula fluminea) are farmed on the mud flats. * Changanzhou Wetland: situated on the south bank of the Minjiang River towards the northeast of Zhuqi Township of Minhou County, on which grow mainly graminaceous grasses interspersed with herbaceous plants of the families Ranunculaceae, Cyperaceae, Juncaceae and Compositae. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 59 Ens ronnmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Per-Urban Development Project 4.3.2 Current Status of Utilization of Minjiang River Estuarine Region The Minjiang River estuarine region has been developed and utilized all along, playing immense role in general fish protection, navigation, potable water source, piers in the harbor area, environment ecologicalal protection and conservation, that is, exhibiting multi-functional effect of a wetland. However, concomitant with the rapid growth of economy in the area and continuous population increase, the pressure to utilize the wetlands has been getting greater and greater, and as a consequence the wetland area (especially the Hemantan Wetland) and biodiversity in the region surveyed has been decreasing unremittingly. The deterioration of the ecologicalal environment is regional compelling us to adopt effective protection, in order to realize better development and utilization of the wetlands so as to fully demonstrate their ecologicalal function. At present the water area in our region has been basically developed and utilized, and the riverside beaches and sandbanks also to varying degrees. In recent years, the exploitation of wetland has been especially intense, for instance, large expanses of wetland in Juyuanzhou has been reclaimed for 2 industrial park usage, with only about 200km riverside vsetland on the peiiphcr\ (ultt1l JLI\I./lnhL/lUI Bridge to the south of Pushang Road) being reserved for- the "Niaolonullantmu "'Wletlid Palk' reclamation dikes are now being built upstream ot PuxLiazhou. must of \ILklUkt/hLOu ita IlCe\ t,.cli filled in with sand: extensive dike-building is In progress at Blanfli71hou. on the sotith (l'4;hun lLfi farming of tidal zone fish is being done and on the sandbank ducks are being raised. Land reclamation on the river beaches and development of mid-stream sandbanks, not only progressively reduce the cross-section of the estuary, but also cause many bird species to lose their habitat. Lakes and ponds in the area are being constantly filled-in, many streams and canals in the city are getting narrower, disappearing or even becoming cut-off, or exceeding building space to become "hidden river", with resultant loss or gross decrease of ecologicalal function. 4.4 Major Animal Species in the Wetlands of the Minjiang River Estuary 4.4.1 Bird Species 4.4.1.1 Faunal Composition The Minjiang River estuarine wetlands are situated in the middle of Fujian Province and close to the East China Sea. It belongs to the eastem hilly terrain sub-realm of the Central China zoogeographic realm and overlap with the Fujian-Guangdong-Coastal sub-realm of the South China realm. There are 1 18 species of birds in this sub-realm, among which 79 species or 67% belong to the Palaearctic realm, 23 species or 19% to the Oriental realm, and 16 species of 14",, to the cosmopolitan realnm Sinlce these wetlands are situated at the juncture of Central Asia tropical and South Asia t-opieal zones an d at the same time located at the estuary at the lower reaches o' the Minjiang Ris er, man) spccie5 ot btid thut breed in Europe and Asia migrate to these wetland to pass the winter because of the climate and food available. Thus, the majority of bird species being of the Palaearctic realm is a feature of' these wetlands. As to species (summer time migratory birds and resident birds) that breed here, there are 22 species that belong to the Oriental realm, 8 to the Cosmopolitan realm and I to the Palaearctic realm, demonstrating the predominant breeding species are from the Oriental realm. Most of these birds overwinter in localities south of the wetlands, and species that occur together with species belonging to the South China Realm are Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis), Great Egret (Egretta alba), Chinese Egret (Egretta Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 60 En ironnmenital Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project eulophotes),Black-winged Kite (Elanus caeruleus), Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), Black-capped Kingfisher (Halcyon pileata), Small Skylark (Alauda gulgula), and thus it can be seen that our wetland avifauna composition contains birds both from the south and the north. 4.4.1.2 Avifauna Composition Special features of the avifauna: the estuarine wetlands of the Minjiang River harbor 72 species of Winter migratory birds, 12 species of Summer migratory birds, 19 species of resident birds, and 15 species of transient migratory birds; thus it can be seen that Winter migratory species form the main body of our wetland Avifauna component. In these wetlands are 83 species of water birds, accounting for 70% of the total number of species. They include Little Grebe (Podiceps ruficollis), Spot-billed Pelican (Pelecanus philippensis), Gray Heron (Ardea cinerea), Chinese Egret, Bean Goose (Anser fabalis), Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), Spotbill Duck (Anas poecilorhyncha), Green-winged Teal (Anas crecca), Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus), Kentish Plover (Charadrius alexandrinus), Eurasian Curlew (Numenius arquata) and Greenshank (Tringa nebularia). Among them 45 species are wading bnds anld _' species S\\ ininunlg hirds. I)o[ninaii (iroup Species. of the numiiber- of species in the A\ ifauna composition mentioned above, wild geese and ducks together with plovers and curlews occur in absolute predominance, congregating in these wetland to pass the winter. The largest flocks of wild geese and ducks may number over 10 thousand, the species being chiefly Mallard, Spotbill Duck, Green-winged Teal, Bean Goose and Swan Goose (Anser cyngnoides), which congregate on sandy mud flats and grassy sandbanks near water bodies. Next in number come the wading birds, such as Great Egret, Gray Heron, Chinese egret, Kentish Plover, Eurasian Curlew, Greenshank; these birds forage widely over the tidal zone, congregating on high ground at high tide and this group of birds may exceed several thousand individuals. Bird species of economic value: of the 118 species of birds in these wetlands, those intimately related to man number over 40 species, such as Bean Goose, Swan Goose, Mallard, Spotbill Duck as well as herons and allies. These birds are of large size and numerous in numbers, their vividly coloured contour feathers can be made into items of art; their down feathers being light, soft and with very strong insulating property, are excellent stuffing material for making pillows, cushions, blankets; these uses, plus the deliciousness of their meat, have made them the chief target for hunting and capture. Besides the above. Chinese fishermen often domesticate the common cormorant for catching fish; the osprey and other raptors as well as herons and egrets prey on rodents, playing an important role in maintaining ;olw caYl elquulubu-ullum In \ie\\ of the above. we can appropriately attract and utilize these bird specie, so as to realize sustainable utilization of wild bird resources. 4.4.1.3 Special Features of Wetland Bird Habitat and Migration Minjiang estuarine wetlands are close to the sea, with an extensive area, intricate and diversified ecologicalal environment, luxuriant growth of mud-adapted plants, and abound with bivalves, crustaceans, fishes and shrimps that live in the water area, thus attracting tens of thousands of wild geese, ducks and wading birds, which congregate here in spectacular numbers to pass the winter and rest. These birds live and forage among the many wetlands, between which they fly to and fro in response to the ebb and flow of the tides. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 61 Environmental Impact Assessnment Fuznou Naitat Island Pert-Urbani Dc'.elopnient Project Anseriforms such as Bean Goose, Mallard, Spotbill Duck and Green-winged Teal reside on sand beaches and mud flats where they feed during the day on fishes, shrimps, crustaceans and other aquatic animals, then at dusk they would fly to farmland located inland or on reclaimed land to forage, returning in the early morning to their original habitat. Wading birds such as Gray Heron, Chinese Egret, Greenshank, Eurasian Curlew and Kentish Plover, also act in response to the ebb and flow of the tide; at ebb tide they feed on benthic animals such as bivalves, crabs, small fishes and shrimps, and at high tide they retreat to gather on nearby sand beach or mud flat elevations. Water birds such as Common Cormorant, Black-headedshag Gull (Larus rudibundus) and Least Tern (Sterna albifrons) constantly forage on the water area: at high tide and in rough weather, gulls and terns floating on the seas scurry to fly back to these wetlands. Predatory birds like the Common Buzzard (Buteo buteo). Marsh Harrier (Circus aeruginosus). Black-winged Kite (Elanus caeruleus) and Osprey, hover in the air above the wetlands or perch on trees searching for prey during daytime. and fly to trees near the wetlands for rest at nitlht Birds from along local coast such as the Oriental Tree-Pipit (Anthus hodgsoni). Richard's Pipit (Anthus novaeseelandiae), White Wagtail (Notacilla alba), Black-headed Shrike (Lanius schach), Chinese Bubul (Pycnonotus sinensis), Spotted Dove (Streptopelia chinensis), Common Magpie (Pica pica), Crested Myna (Acridotheres cristatellus) and Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus) are also occasionally seen on the wetlands. Winter migrants: Birds sequentially migrate from localities in Europe and Asia in October to pass the winter here, and will return to their original breeding place in April the following year; such species include Great-crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus), Bean Goose, Mallard, Spotbill Duck, Green-winged Teal, Greenshank and Kentish Plover. Passing migrants: Birds consecutively migrate from the northern areas to this place in September and, after a transient stay, continue their southward journey then returning to their original breeding places in March of the following year; such species include Purple Heron (Ardea purpurea), Eastern Collared Pratincole (Glareola maldivarum), Swinhoe's Snipe (Gallinago megala), Whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus), Little Ringed Plover (Charadrius dubius) and Pheasant-tailed Jacana (Hydrophasianus chirurgus). Summer migrants: Birds migrate from the south to this place in March. nest and breed on trees near these wetlands, then returning to the south in October; these include Great Egret (Egretta alba). Intermediate Egret (Egretta intermedia), Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis). Chinese Little Bittern (Ixobrychus sturmil) and Cinnamon Bittern (Ixobrychus cinnamomeus); some of these summer migrants, such as Chinese Egret (Egretta eulophotes) and Chinese Pond-Heron (Ardeola bacchus) can be seen on our wetlands all the year round, in fact becoming resident birds. Resident birds: These are species that can be encountered in these wetlands throughout the year, e.g., Black-headed Shrike, Chinese Bubul, Black-collared Starling (Sturnus nigricollis), Crested Myna, Spotted Dove, Common Kingfisher (Alcedo atthis) and White-Breasted Kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis). Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 62 Environniental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pcn-Urban Development Project Can Survive 4.4.1.4 Major Wetland Sites on the Minjiang Estuary Region Where Birds extending from Numerous mud flats form the wetland that exist on the Min Jiang estuary, environment, Minhouzhuqi to the mitouth of the river.Since wetland birds depend on this these wetland they fly to and fro between the different sandbanks and mud flats, so that our survey and become important sites for the birds to reside and forage. According to are wetland investigation, the biggest habitats for birds in the Min Jiang estuary region and located at Shanyutan, Bianfuzhou, Puxiazhou, Luqizhou, Daoqingzhou, Tajiaozhou site for birds at Changanzhou, these places being the major congregating and dispersing present. 4.4.1.4.1 Important-Sites for Survival of Wetland Birds Meihua Town to Tantou Shanyutan Wetland: this is situated at the Min Jiang estuary, extending from and a centrally located sand Town of Changle City, and consists of sand beaches, water grass mud flats and Barred Mudskippers bank planted to horsetail tree. Razor clams (Sinonovacula constricta) occurring benthic (Periphthalmus vulgaris) are farmed on the mud flats and, together with naturally animal resource. The animals such as bivalves, crustaceans, fishes and shrimps, make up a bountiful Jiang river basin, tens of huge number of birds seen here is a rare sight in other parts of the Min encountered are: Common thousand of bird make their habitat here, among them the most frequently Greenshank, Eurasian Cormorant. Spotbill Duck. Green-winged Teal. Gray Heron, Chinese Egret, Curlew, Kentish Plover, Black-headed Gull and Least Tern. chiefly consisting of Bianfuzhou Wetland: situated at Houyu Township, the ecologicalal environment of embankment, land sand\ mud flats. paddy fields and river bend depressions. Owing to the building damaged. The bird reclamation and filling in of the waterway, the ecologicalal environment is being Gull, Spotted Dove, species frequently seen here are Chinese Egret, Gray heron, Black-headed many wild geese and White-breasted Kingfisher and Skylark (Alauda arvensis); at dusk or at high tide ducks fly here to forage and Curlews often congregate at this site. north harbor of the Luqizhou Wetland: situated to the northeast of Chengmen Town of Fuzhou in the at high tide, and partly Men River, consisting mainly of sandbanks, most of which becomes inundated the place an important made up of grassy mud flats.Fish, shrimp and Asiatic clam abound here, making seen are Chinese Egret, habitat for anseriforms and wading birds to forage and reside. The species often (Tringa hypoleucos) Gray Heron, Green-winged Teal, Spotbill Duck, Greenshank, Common Sandpiper and Kentish Plover. to Mahangzhou, a Daoqingzhou Wetland: situated at Yangxiacun of Fuzhou suburbs, it is near Asiatic clam, and every sandbank with farmland and reed bed; here exists an abundance of crab and come to this place. year in Spring and Autumn several hundreds of passing migrants such as Whimbrel of sand and earth-filling The habitat of birds has incurred severe damage and disruption due to removal to survey before 1980, plus excessive catching of fish, shrimp and crab by the villagers. According of sandpipers gather to there used to be several thousand of wild geese and ducks and huge numbers Chinese Pond-Heron. toraue nn the mud flats Today the species frequently seen are Gray Heron. Teal. ( hiiwse t.rct. (n-eenshank. ( ommon Sandpiper. Kennsh Plover ans Green-winged tFor details of Puxiazhou (including Xindangzhou) wetland site, see section below. Town, here exist Tajiaozhou Wetland: situated at Niaolongjiang on the northern side of Minhouxiang crops like sugarcane and large expanse of sand beach and mud flat; on part of the sand bank are planted before 1980, tens of rice, and large quantities of Asiatic clams are cultured here. According to survey winter; at ebb tide they thousands of waterfowl and sandpipers and curlews arrive here to pass the 63 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project would gather here and at high tide, some continue to float around whereas others flock to grassy mud flats or cropland on the sand banks. After 1990, due to excessive harvesting of baby eels, numerous nets cast on the watercourse and increased human activity, the birds become deprived of quiet surroundings needed for foraging and roosting. At present the species often encountered are Chinese Egret, Gray Heron, Spotbill Duck, Green-winged Teal as well as birds of prey. Changanzhou Wetland: This is situated on the south bank of Min Jiang to the northeast of Zhuqixiang, Minhou County. Forest near the river bank consists mainly of Swamp Mahogany (Eucalyptus robusta), Taiwan Acacia, and Horsetail Tree; herbaceous plants on the meadows are chiefly of the families Ranunculaceae, Cyperaceae, Juncaceae and Compositae, which grow scattered about among the grass; also it should be noted that a plant closely protected by the Province - Chinese ladiestresses (Schizandra chinensis)- has a large patch of growth here.ln the meadows can be found abandoned fishponds and cisterns: in the tidal zone one can see aquatic creaLures like Nsiatic clam. crah andi fishd towards the middle are cultivated fields planted to rice, sweet potato and fruits. The bird species distributed here are chiefly shorebirds like Spotted Dove, Common Magpie, Gireat Tlit (Parus major). Oriental Tree-Pipit and Black-collared Starling; Wading birds like Chinese Egret, Green Sandpiper (Tringa ochropus) and Common Sandpiper (Tringa hypoleucos) often congregate in this area. Should typhoon and other weather change occur, Green-winged Teal, Spotbill Duck and Black-headed Gull which usually feed and live at the mouth of the Min Jiang would flock in large numbers up the river to take refuge and forage here in more sheltered surroundings, providing a most spectacular sight. 4.4.1.4.2 Important Puxiazhou Wetland Sites for Bird Survival The Nanjiangbinlu Road of Fuzhou City, which is the subject of this project appraisal pass by this wetland, and Puxiazhou Wetland is the focus of the wetland evaluation. 1) Present Status of Birdlife in Puxiazhou Puxiazhou (including Xindangzhou) Wetland: situated in the north harbor to the northeast of Cangshan District, has a diverse ecologicalal environment with sandbanks and grassy mud flats.Manchurian Wild Rice (Zazania latifolia) is grown on a part of the sandbank, and fish, shrimp and Asiatic clam are found in the watercourse in great abundance. Because of silt accumulation in the water area, the waterway is increasingly getting shallower, and construction of buildings along the river by the villagers has led to shrinking of the wetland. According to survey before 1980. there were large numbers of anseriforms and wading birds coning here to live, but at present curlews. sandpipers and anseriforms only gather here at hiLh tide or at duskl to rest o0 Fora2e The specie, that Frequent thiy place are Little Grebe (Podiceps ruficollis), Chinese Egret, Gray Heron, Chmese Pond-Heron, Black-crowned Night-Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax), Spotbill Duck, Green-winged Teal, Greenshank and Common Sandpiper. 2) Birds Species at Puxiazhou Specially Protected by the State In the Min Jiang estuary region there are 12 species of birds falling into the second order endangered list of the State, but among the birds at Puxiazhou these specially protected rare species are not often seen. 3) Bird Species at Puxiazhou Specially Protected by the Province In the Min Jiang estuary region there are 21 bird species under the special protection of Fujian Province, and of these 3 species are often encountered in Puxiazhou, namely, Little Grebe (Podiceps ruficollis poggei), Gray Heron (Ardea cinerea) and Little Egret (Egretta garzetta garzetta). 4) Birds at Puxiazhou that are protected under Sino-Japanese and Sino-Australian Agreements The Chinese Government pays great attention to the protection of migratory birds, and has signed agreements with Japan and Australia regarding protection of migratory birds and their habitat; Guangzhou Env,ironment Protect Research Institute 64 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project according to agreement with Japan signed in March of 1981, 227 species should be protected, and -oidn4m, to auaicmelni ithtl .\usti alia signed in October 1986, 81 species. These bird species include: Black-crowned Night-heron (Nycticorax nycticorax nycticorax), Green-winged Teal (Anas crecca crecca). Spotbill Duck (Anas poecilorhyncha zonorhyncha), Greenshank (Tringa nebularia) and Common Sandpiper (Tringa hypoleucos). 5) Detailed Description of Important Bird Species at Puxiazhou Wetland Geographic distribution: they occur in the Northeast, North, and lower reaches of the Yangtze River of China; abroad they are found in Eastern Siberia, Japan, Korea, India and Myanmar. In our wetland they are Winter migrants and some of them resident birds. Habitat and Habits: they inhabit wetlands along rivers, lakes, fishponds, coastal mud flats and wetlands of other water bodies, often moving about in small groups. When in flight the wings are flapped slowly, the neck retracted in the form of a "Z" and both legs stretched straight out behind; at nights they usually congregate in flocks on high trees or in reed beds on wetlands. Popopulation Status and Protection: The Gray Heron was formerly a widely distributed and often seen wading bird in China, but in recent years their habitat condition have deteriorated and the population substantially reduced, being decreased by one-third according to 1990 data. In China the Gray Heron has been listed as an endangered animal to be protected. (2) Chinese Egret (Egretta eulophotes) Geographic distribution: In China this bird is distributed chiefly in provinces south of the Yangtze River, westerly to the middle of Sichuan, and as far north as southern Shaanxi and Henan Provinces; abroad they occur in Spain, France, Italy and Ukraine. In our wetland, they are Summer migrants and Some1Cof theii resident hir-ds Habitat and Habits: They inhabit lakes. fishponds. paddy fields, mud flats and such wetlands, and are gregariLois. Ihey often moxe about in small groups in shallow water and. when foraging, frequently stand motionless for long periods on one foot. with one leg held below its abdomen and head retracted on to its back to give a hump-back appearance; in walking it moves lightly and steadily in an unhurried fashion, and at night it roosts on nearby trees. Population Status and Protection: The Chinese egret wapopulation s a common bird in South' China, but its habitat has been damaged in the last few years due to reduction of grain field, and now it ranges widely over Min Jiang estuaine wetlands. 4.4.2 Wetland Plant Species 4.4.2.1 Special Features of Wetland Flora The number of plant species on the Min Jiang estuarine wetlands is great; according to survey data, vascular plant can be categorized into 109 families, 340 genera and 488 species (including subspecies and mutant species), respectively occupying 47.2%, 27.1% and 13.1% of the vascular plant families, genera and species occurring in Fujian Province, among which are 16 families, 17 genera and 23 species of tuberous plant. Most of the latter are genera with few or single species, such as Marsileaceae, Osmundaceae, Nephrolepidaceae, Equisetaceae, Selaginellaceae, Azollaceae and Salviniaceae; many of these plants species are important components of floating, bog or marsh vegetation. Gymnosperm plants are relatively few in the Min Jiang estuarine wetlands, the important ones being these three species: Chinese swamp cypress (Glvptostrobus pensilis). Dawn Redwood (Metasequoia glyptostroboides) and Slash Pine (Pinus elliottii). Of these the Chinese Swamp Cypress and Dak)ali Rcdx\ood aie single species t-ees unique to China. the Dawn Redwood being China's ancient and precious relic plant, which was introduced to Fujian in the 40's of the last century. The Slash Pine is indigenous to lower altitudes in the southeast of USA, and likes plent of sunshine, is wet-tolerant and fast growing. It was brought into Fujian Province in 1933. There are 458 species of angiosperm plants here, which belong to 90 families and 318 genera. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 65 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Among them monocotyledon plants account for 17 families, 61 genera and 86 species, and dicotyledon plants number 73 families, 257 genera and 372 species. Angiosperm fmilies containing more than 20 genera are Graminaceae, Cyperaceae, Compositae, Polygonaceae, Rosaceae and Leguminosae. Among these, in number of genera, species and plants of the Cyperaceae and Graminaceae, the Min Jiang estuarine wetland rankmiddle s second to none. Furthermore, families and genera with only single or few component are relatively plentiful here, e.g., the families Potamogetonaceae, Ceratophyllaceae, Musaceae and Saururaceae, and the genera Spirodela and Hydrilla. In number of species and plants, the herbaceous plants hold absolute predominance, and on the Min Jiang estuarine wetlands almost all of the typical aquatic plants are herbaceous, woody plants being fewer. Among the angiosperm plants on the Min Jiang estuarine wetlands, most of them belong to species with cosmopolitan distribution. Commonly seen are the genera Ranunculus, Scirpus, Potamogeton, Carex, Ceratophyllum, Phyragmites, Cyperus, Lemna,Juncus and Plantago. Most of them belong to fresh water aquatic plants, hygrophytic or associative plants, and these three types of plants are very common on Min Jiang estuarine wetlands. The characteristics of the vascular plant flora on the Min Jiang estuarine wetlands are approximately the same as those on most east China wetlands. 4.4.2.2 Vegetation Pattern and Distribution of Puxiazhou Wetland Vegetation According to the classification stipulated in GLudngzI Liu EnlxX oituiiieiit Pi ot et tleStdI 1 . 1iI1! Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project (2) Weeping Willow community (Form .Salix babylonica) Weeping Willow (Salix babylonica ) is a deciduous woody tree, usually growing near streams and is found all over China, and belongs to woody swamp vegetation . Weeping willow growing around Puxiazhou and Xindangzhou usually have their lower half submerged the roots atl lhudi tid1 adod e\posed at ebb tide. and because of this periodical tidal effect, many of leaves budding become twisted and thickened: A ithered leaves are washed away to be replaced by new the area out. Because of the strong vitality ot the tree. it shows rapid growth and ease of propagation; in surveyed these tree grow vigorously despite the harsh conditions, forming well developed root system, sturdy stem and bark; the leaves are narrow, but the excellent growth attest to their adaptability to adverse environment. In the area being surveyed, the willow trees reach a height of 4 to 5 meters, with diameter of stem 10 to 25 cm; the community is rather monotonous, there being few plants besides the willow trees; the coverage of the community can attain 70% and on the branches we may often find articles that was washed in by flood hanging on the branches. In the community, few herbaceous plants occur, only some Japanese galangal (Alpinia japonica), water pepper (Polygonum hydropiper) and Aalligator weed may be seen. herbaceous plant 3) Oldham bamboo community (Form. Dendrocalampsis okdhami) Oldham bamboo in Fujian mainly grow along streams, and belong to woody swamp vegetation. They are also seen on both sides of the Min Jiang, and they yield the famous bamboo shoot eaten by the people. In the some sections of Puxiazhou and Xindangzhou, the Oldham bamboo form clustered growth, and usually form monotonous communities. Height of the plant 6 to 8 meters, diameter of stem 9 to 10 cm, with a community coverage of 80%. The commnunity generally is one in which Oldham bamboo retains absolute dominance and with good growth. On the exterior the community appears green or bright green in colour, the underground root is well developed and the propagative power strong; around the community may be seen Beautiful galangal, Burmareed, sky flower, common rush and yerbadetajo associated with it. 4.4.3 Wetland Aquatic Life 4.43.1 Large-sized Benthic Invertebrates of the Min Jiang Estuarine Wetlands The lower reaches of the Min Jiang is subjected to the periodicity of marine tides, and at different location of the water body the salinity also undergoes periodic changes. Thus, creatures living at the lower reaches and the mouth of the Min Jiang have evolved into unique faunal and floral systems. Based on the characteristics of aquatic life structure, invertebrates in the wetlands under the present survey can roughly be classified into three types, namely, near shore low-salinity fauna. estuarine brackish water fauna and inland fresh water fauna. Preliminary survey of the lower reaches and estuary region of Min Jiang has discovered 61 species of large-sized benthic invertebrates, belonging to 4 phyla, 30 families and 50 genera. Among these arthropods and crustaceae species make up the majority with 13 families, 23 genera and 31 species; next in line comes mollusks with 14 families 24 genera and 27 species, the rest form a very small part. There are over 20 species of benthic invertebrates . At the Fuzhou section of the Min Jiang 9 species of benthic animals were found, among the annelids was Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, among the mollusks there were snails and clams, and among the arthropods shrimps and crabs. 4.4.3.1 .1 Invertebrate in the lowver reach of the Minjiang River water is affected \lo0t (h [h xCl\I ttCCUolnt1oot ) ueail to Z.huqt belongb to tide-sensing. althoughi river h\ the rising tide. it is basically not affected by the salt tide, which belongs to a freshwater wetland. Goangzhoti Environment Protect Research lnstitute 67 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Invertebrate at this area is quite different from the typical one at the estuary with low salt, also slightly different from animal system in the ecological environment at the juncture of the semi-salt water and freshwater. Many sandbanks will emerge at this wetland and neighboring areas at ebb tide. The berthonic animals mainly are: muller, freshwater shellfishes and clam; crustacean mainly are: fold crab, Japanese crab, Japanese swamp prawn, holtthuis and springtail shrimp, espectally, muller, fold crab and springtail shrimp distribute widely and there is a considerable resource. 4.43.1.2 Invertebrate on the Puxiazhou and Xindangzhou Puxiazhou and Xindangzhou at the lower reach of the Minjiang Beigang is a mud wetland. Accordung to sampling survey, large berthonic invertebrate are: muller, clam, freshwater shellfishes, Chinese field snail, fold crab, holtthuis, Japanese fine hair chela crab and springtail shrimp. Description of the important economic varieties on the Puxiazhou and Xindangzhou are as follows: (1) Muller (also called: yellow muller and sand muller) Corbuculafluminea The shell is medium-sized, with a length of about 40mm, a height of about 37mm and a width of about 20mm. The shell is very hard with two pieces of drum-shaped shells. It appears triangular. Two ends of the shell are quite close to each other. About 2/3 of the shell looks white due to corrosion. The belly of the shell is semi round and back is slightly sectional. There is luster on the shell surface with clear growth rings. Shell color varies with its living environment. Those living in sand environment mostly appear yellow, brown yellow or yellow green. Those living in sand-mud or mud environment mostly appear brown, black brown or deep black. Interior of the shell looks light purple and has enamel luster. The external ligament is short and looks yellow brown. The joint is strollg The left and right slhell have 3 main teeth each and fronit ad back ,idc tteeth. I h tioint end uo the kli hIc l- i\\,; 1. I,.i. teeth of splay-shape. Back tooth is thin and long and tilts backwards. There is one side tooth oni t-onit and back, the central tooth on the right shell is big. Front main tooth is weak and back nmaul tooth is thin and long. There are two teeth on front and back sides. Muller is not only an important freshwater shellfish but also a natural feed for fishes and water birds, and feed for poultry and domestic animals. It has a relatively high economic value. Muller is the second intermediate host of the echinococcus for human being and animals. (2) Holtthuis (big white prawn, holtthuis, freshwater and villi shrimp) Exopalaemon carinicauda It is a kind of medium-sized shrimp with a body length of 50-90mm. The body with blue or red spots is transparent and. After it is boiled, the head and tail look red but the other part look white, so it is called white shrimp. Forehead is flat, thin and protrudes like a cock crown. Eggs are orange. The holtthuis usually lives in the offshore area with a salinity of less than 29%o, sometimes they can be seen in semi-salt freshwater area. It widely distributes along Chtna's coast. It is a special kind of shrimp of China. The holtthuis is an important edible shrimp with a considcciable OUtplt Iiit \ ,,ti Lu, farm and an important natural feed tor fishes and water birds GULangzhOLi En ironiiiei t Proteet ResuIt ch I I It itI1th Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 4.43.2 Plankton According to the community distribution features of the plankton at the Minjiang estuary wetland, zooplankton and phytoplankton can be divided into three categories: zooplankton and phytoplankton area system at the river estuary with low salinity; zooplankton and phytoplankton area system at semi-salt river estuary: zooplankton and phytoplankton area system in inland freshwater. According to the prelimmnarv survey. there are 176 kinds of planktons. out of which are 97 algae. There XI WIII-Io rMWILeI 'ii\ \ a\ In 111CI ti/hOLI section of the A in.liarng River are not too much. are only 6 varieties of 23 genus. At Taijiang section. there are 4 phylum - bacillariophyta, cryptophyta, chlorophyta and cyanophytes - ten genus: at Kuiqi section, there are 5 phylum - bacillariophyta, cryptophyta, chlorophyta, cyanophytes and euglenophyta of 15 genus. There are only freshwater algae at Taijiang and Kuiqi section. There are 18 kinds of shellfishes in the Fuzhou section of the Minjiang River. There is a small amount of the zooplankton, about several pieces in every 20L water. Freshwater plankton in the lower reach of the Minjiang River Area from Zhuqi to Minan belongs to a tide-sensing river, although river water is affected by the tide, the salinity of the river water is basically not affected by the tide, the waterbody belongs to freshwater. Besides there are several kinds of algae, the typical algae such as middle-rib algae and angle-hair algae are not found there. But algae community is relatively dense. Generally speaking, the genus of the plankton is richer than that in offshore sea water area or semi-salt water area. Besides bacillariophyta. ther-e are chlorophyta. cyanophytes. cryptophyta and euglenophyta, out of which part of them belong to the -common genus in the rivers: part of them grow in the streams, paddy fields and fishponds. They gathei in the Miinjianig River from branches or surface waters, most of them widely distribute \ \,) \N'ide Bi.R,their hbinmass ic qtuite limited Ilic zooplankton in this section is significantly more than in the offshore seawater or semi-salt water. There are no noctiluca and Chinese calanoida in the waterbody. Instead, many inland freshwater species, such as rotifer and spoon calanoida, etc., are living there. Meanwhile, some of them are hosts in the rivers and some of them live in the inland rivers, reservoirs, farmland and swamp. They gather in the Minjiang River also from branches or surface waters, most of them widely distribute worldwide. But, their biomass is quite limited. 69 OULaIIgZf II lol%II OnlnnlitP01 i C I Keseai ch Insti 1tle Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 4.4.3.3 Aquatic life and wetland birds Migratory birds have obtained a nature that adapts to the changed environment during long evolution. Wetlands at the Minjiang estuary are fine habitats for migratory birds. So many birds passes here to fly to the south or north, they stop here for a period of time they need. Since there are lots of rich aquatic lives, they can provide the migratory birds here with sufficient feeds. As the feeds for birds, aquatic lives mainly include vertebrate such fishes, water invertebrate and plankton, etc. 4.433.1 Invertebrate and wetland birds Another three important wetland habitats for water birds are Daoqingzhou, Puxiazhou and Tajiaozhou at the lower reach of the Minjiang River and as well as a transient station for water birds to migrate from the Minjiang estuary to inland rivers, lakes and reservoirs for feeding or breeding. According to sampling survey on those wetlands, there are 23 kinds of benthon invertebrates. Although the number is much smaller than those at the tidal belt along the river estuary, benthon has its own unique berthonic community structure, among which living communities large in number are: muller, freshwater shellfish, white prawn, springtail shrimp, fold crab and Chinese freshwater razor clam. There are many large muller aquatic farms along the river sections of Minan, Wulongjiang, Jiangzhong and Minjiang Nangang. the species density is very big In addition. ther-c is a laree jIcJ ol jjlaindmdl grassy marshes and sandbanks, where produce rich grains and fruits, so many varieties of fishes, shrimps and shellfishes, and insecticides and larva, which are very important natural feeds for migratory birds. 4.433.2 Plankton ad wetland mnigratory birds Plankton includes phytoplankton and zooplankton that all belong to microorganism. A large variety and number of those microorganisms widely distribute in various water bodies. Although plankton is at the lowest level of the ecological food chain, they are the most important energy suppliers, they directly or indirectly provide various water and land animals with food energy, including birds. They play a very important role in the natural water food chain. According to the preliminary sampling survey of the plankton in the water made at the Minjiang estuary, there are 97 kinds of phytoplankton and 79 kinds of zooplankton. Phytoplankton includes algae, coscinodiscus, melosirq, synedrq, navicula and chlorella. Zooplankton includes springtails, green quick swimming insects, copepoda's nauplius, Chinese calanoida, water flea and rotifier, which are relatively big in amount in the waterbody. Those planktons provide rich feeds to various fishes, shrimps and shellfishes growing in this area, so those fishes, shrimps and shellfishes become a material foundation for various water birds and migratory birds that dwell and feed on the wetland at the Minjiang estuary. 4.5 Principle and Planning of Wetland Protection (Information source is from the wetland protection planning report drawn up by Fuzhou Urban Planning Bureau and Fujian Normal University in December, 2003, but this planning has not been approved yet by the local people's congress.) Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 70 I Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project The wetland at the Minjiang river mouth is not only an important natural habitat of the migratory birds from the Northeast Asia and Australia, but also important hibernacula of the aquatic birds. From September to next January, more than ten thousands of the aquatic birds fly here every day, which are mainly swimming birds and winter migratory birds. Variety of birds and number of birds all rank first among river mouth wetlands. There are a lot of fishponds, ditches, dry polders, reed and grassy marshes at the middle section of the Minjiang river mouth. The environment features transit from the land to the wetland. The small ecological environment is complicated and diversified, so land birds and aquatic birds mingle with each other. There are many high forest, bushes, grassland and farmland at the upper section of the Minjiang river mouth; birds are mainly Passeriformes and land birds. There are a relatively large number of local breeding birds. At present, Fuzhou has not established natural wetland protection area yet. But the provincial government and related planning and research departments have paid great importance to the protection of the wetland. They have worked out principles and plans to protect the wetland. The following materials and data are cited from their plans. 4.5.1 Guiding principles of wetland protection According to the baseline of Fuzhou's population, resources, ecology and environment, adhering to the principle of maintaining the ecologicalal balance of the wetland system, protecting wetland functions and wetland varieties of the living things, and realizing sustainable initialization of the resources, we should persist in the policy of "overall protection, ecology in priority, paying attention to key points, rational utilization and sustainable development", bring the role of the wetland into full play in ecological, economic and social benefits of the regional national economy. 4.5.2 Basic principle of wetland protection (1) Following relevant State laws and regulations on wetland, in conformity with the existing policies of the State on wetland protection and utilization. (2) Maintaining the wetland varieties of the living things and completeness of the wetland ecological system structure and functions, bringing the ecological, economic and social benefits of the wetland ecological system into full play, taking the ecological benefit as the guide and coordinated development of ecological, economic and social benefits. (3) combining the overall wetland protection with rational and proper development and utilization of the wetland; (4) In accordance with provincial situation, municipal situation and current wetland protection, adhering to the principle of paying attention to the key points, doing things in light with local conditions, urgent thing completed first, different measures for different things, and implementation step by step. (5) science, foresight and workability. (6) Adhering to the principle of following relevant regulations as set in the ((Wetland Convention)) strictly carrying out the intemational duty and responsibilities. 4.53 Planning objective of the wetland protection Accordign to the planning document, there are a series of objectives for wetland proteciton. These objectives are: Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 71 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project General objective: strengthen the protection of the regional wetland and varieties of the living things in an all round way, maintain the ecological features and basic functions of the wetland ecological system, pay great importance to protect internationally and domestically important wetland, bring the functions and benefits of the regional wetland ecological system into the maximum play, thus enabling the wetland resource to utilize continuously and benefit the generations. Short-term objective (to 2005): through making an overall survey on the baseline of the regional wetland and enhancing the promotion and education, promote the whole society to understand, know and concern about the wetland; pay great attention to wetland protection; strengthen the management according to law; establish an assessment system for wetland development, so as to check the decreasing trend of the natural wetland area resulted from irrational development and utilization of the wetland due to free change of the wetland use or serious destruction of the wetland ecological functions; by means of the formulation and implementation of the protection planning, check the indiscriminate catching of the wetland wild animals or any actions of seriously destroying the wetland biologic resources; setup a well coordinated wetland management unit and an effective coordinating system among various departments concerned, so as to provide a management guarantee for the effective implementation of our wetland protection plan. Medium- and long-term objectives (to 2010): establish a province-level or State-level natural wetland protection area at the Minjiang river mouth (Shanyutan); upon such basis, gradually expand the natural wetland protection area; establish a relatively complete wetland monitoring system; rehabilitate the retrograded wetland to some extent; significantly improve the ecological functions; natural wetland and varieties of the living things are effectively protected; wetland protection and regional economy develop coordinately, bring ecological, economic and social benefits into effective play; and form a fine management procedure on wetland protection and rational utilization. 4.5.4 Wetland protection planning According to the established plan by relevant authorities, the wetland protection planning shall bring various elements of the wetlands into full play on the basis of category, nature, protected objects, quality of diversity of lives, ecological functions of the natural wetland at the Minjiang river mouth, as well as the general development strategy of the wetland. WETLAND PROTECTION IS DIVIDED INTO 3 CATEGORIS FOR THE WETLAND AT THE MINJIANG RIVER MOUTH. 4.5.4.1 Natural protection category Natural protection area shall be established for this category. Shanyutan wetland on the south of Langqidao Island is the largest natural wetland of the sand soil at the Minjiang river mouth area, which mainly consists of Jiangzhong sandbank, grassy marsh, and marine sand accumulation. Since this wetland is positioned at the Minjiang river mouth area, favorable geographic position, rich foods and ideal habitats attract hundred thousands of birds of over 100 varieties to live, feed, transit and breed here, and has become a transit habitat to other places along the river upward. Lots of fishes and shrimps lay eggs and spend their baby time at this wetland. This wetland is an area where accommodates the largest number of the birds and richest varieties of the birds at the Minjiang Valley, so it should establish a natural protection area as the key protection place. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 72 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project Shanyutan natural protection area covers a total area of 22.23 km2 , with a water area of about 0.29km2. In order to better protect it and play its different functions and further define it as a core area, a buffer area and an experimental area as well, the core area is a distribution place and a State key protection area for aquatic birds and migratory birds jointly protected by Sin-Japan and -Australia for feeding and living, totaling an area of 9.95km2. 4.5.4.2 Mitigation development Small protection area shall be established for this category to make it become a wetland ecological sightseeing area that integrates protection with tourism. There are several flood land, grassland and sandbank with areas ranging from several thousands to ten thousands mu at the Minjiang river mouth area, including Bianfuzhou, Daoqingzhou, Puxiazhou, Tajiaozhou and Changanzhou. 4.5.43 Category of proper development Besides the natural protection area and the small protection area should be established at the wetlands mentioned above, there are some sandbanks and grassy wetland. Since their areas are relatively small (most of them cover only several hundred mu to about 1000 mu), close to the bank, and greatly affected by artificial factors, most of those wetlands have been reclaimed or built into fishponds or farmland. They are figured in Fuzhou's land use plan for ecological treatment and urban green system. On the basis of their features on geographic position and resource, they become a part of the urban green system for redevelopment. 4.5.5 Protection plan of Puxiazhou (including Xindangzhou) wetland Relatively to Puxiazhou, Xindangzhou is a high grassy wetland surrounded by water. With the use of the principles of the landscape ecology and economics and on the basis of ecological engineering, it shall be mitigationly remolded. The existing forest belt system, reed system, fishpond and river branch system shall be rehabilitated and perfected, so as to enable them to form a crossed combination with rational proportions, optimize a combination between species and a combination between species and environment. It shall build them into a complex ecological system composed of forest, reed and fish, where the natural ecological system and artificial ecological system are well harmonized and coordinated, thus forming a wetland category with fine ecological benefit and fine landscape benefit. Besides Puxiazhou, there are several flood land, grassland, sandbank with areas ranging from several thousands to ten thousands mu at the Minjiang river mouth area, including Bianfuzhou, Daoqingzhou, Puxiazhou, Tajiaozhou and Changanzhou. Together with Shanyutan, in the wetland ecological chain at the Minjiang river mouth, they don't only play a function of a natural storage reservoir, but also an important role in regulating Minjiang's runoff, relieving flood peak, regulating urban air temperature and humidity, retaining and degrading pollutant in the upstream of the Minjiang River. As a main ecological corridor to the inland from coast of Fujian Province and the wetland chain, for the protection of various living things, they provide the hygrophyte with a necessary growing environment; provide various animals with breeding grounds, feeding grounds and fine habitats. And especially, as an important habitat of the migratory birds in Asia and Pacific regions, it serves as an irreplaceable place for various aquatic birds and wading birds to live through the winter. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 73 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pefi-Urban Development Project 4.6 Impacts on ecologicalal environment and mitigation measures 4.6.1 Impacts on land ecological environment and mitigation measures a. Impact on agricultural production resulted from land tenure A total of 2332.43 mu land will be acquired for the construction of two roads and one bridge, including vegetable land of 192.38 mu, orchard, 1188.57mu, cultivated land, 59.84mu, and fish pond, 23.35mu. The 3RR/II will occupy most of the farmland and orchard. Further details are presented in Table 4.6-1. So we can come to know that construction of the two roads and one bridge will have a certain impact on farming economy along the alignments. But the whole Nantai Island is planned to become a new urban area according to the long term master plan, and farmland will be transferred into urban land tenure, so the impact on farm economy is not the main issue. Table 4.6-1 Farmland used for the two roads and one bridge Nanjiang Binlu 3RR/II Kuiqi Bridge Two roads and one bridge Land category Requisitioned land Requisitioned land Requisitioned land Total requisitioned area (mu) area (mu) area (mu) area (mu) 192.38 Vegetable (mu) 181.38 11.0 215.93 Dry land (mu) 101.7 114.23 59.84 Other cultivated 43.56 (paddy field) 4.28 12.0 land (mu) 1188.57 Orchard (mu) 96.81 1080.76 11.0 _ X 23.35 Fishpond (mu) 23.35 ______105.29 Forest (mu) 105.29 547.07 Hollows and 144.1 402.97 unutilized land (mu) Total 386.17 1912.26 34.0 2332.43 b. Impact on plants According to site survey, the 3RR/II occupies 105.29mu of wood land mainly at Aoshan (also called Duyuanshan). Main species of plants in the affected are rich acacia, masson pines, banyan trees and a dozen of scattered camphor trees. During project construction, if there are camphor trees, they should be transplanted timely as this is a protected tree. After completion of project construction, both sides along the project will be planted with trees so to reduce part of plant losses. c. Impact of the industrial land A number of industrial enterprises along the proposed new Nanjiangbinlulu road extension will be demolished and relocated to give a way to the road construction. Basically, the new extension will enter into industrial zones after passing Fanchuanpu church section. The main industrial facilities along this section include: 74 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project o Junfeng Paper (paper mill) * Fuzhou Match Factory * Several manufacturing sites of Fuzhou Paper (paper mill) Preliminary investigation shows that the dominant environmental discharges from paper mills are wastewater, although some chemicals, primarily corrosive and alkaline based chemicals, are also used in the paper making process. Both the match making and paper mills rarely use any significant amount of materials of concerns (MOCs) or materials with long lasting impacts and other hazardous materials. The most potential concerns in those facilities are related to fuels and lubricant oils used in production. Other than that, the potential risks of soil and groundwater contamination is low. However, soil samples may need to be collected during project implementation to confirm the soil contamination status (a Phase II site assessment). The surface and subsurface soil samples will be collected from areas with soil discoloration or other signs of suspended contamination and chemicals storage, heavy chemical usage, water yard, and underground storage tanks (if any) areas. If serious soil and groundwater contamination is found during the site investigation, the area of contamination will be delineated and site remediation will be conducted which may likely involve removal of contaminated soil and dispose it in secured landfill, pumping out contaminated groundwater and discharged after the treatment, contaminated site insulation or seal off and other remediation measures, as the site warranted and as may be appropriate. 4.6.2 Impact on water ecological environment and mitigation measures During bridge construction, in-water construciton activities could cause certain impacts on water quality and aquatic life. The disturbance of sediment caused by pier construction may result in its re-suspension and in-water excavation and concrete pouring may spill slurry, increasing suspended solids in water and thus deteriorating the quality of habitats for aquatic life. The risk of spills of oil from construction machinery could also contaminate the water quality. The increased suspended solids would reduce dissolved oxygen, seriously deteriorating the water environment for fish and other aquatic life. The fish may be driven away from the containinated water area in the river and this can be a significant imnpact during the migrating season when freshwater eel and Chinese crabs swim to and from the ocean each year. Based on the baseline survey and consulting with the aquatic biologists knowledge of the impacted area, the river sections near the Kuiqi bridge and Nanjiang Binlu do not have any spawning habitats, there will be no direct impact to spawning, fry or juvenile fish. Following mitigation measures will be taken during project construction to avoid or reduce adverse impacts: the cofferdam method will be used for pier construction to isolate the construction areas with the river. When constructing the pier foundation, slurry will be pumped out to a settling basin to remove suspended solids in the water before being allowed to discharge to the river. In accordance with the living habits of fresh water eel and Chinese mitten-handed crabs, construction activities will be minimized at the bridge site during the periods of November-December and May-June every year when these aquatic lives are expected to swim up and dowm through the bridge section of the river. If the construction has to be performed during the above periods, further protection measures should be taken. Fuzhou Marine and Fishery Bureau recommended that, during bridge construction, in order to protect ecologicalal balance for fish habitats, migrating routes and species continuance, a fund may be created for breeding release. Specialists will be engaged to survey and work out a plan to release breeding adult fishes and fry of the freshwater eel and Chinese mitten-handed crab regularly, giving Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 75 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Corbicula leana raisers proper compensation and periodically release Corbicula leana fry. All those methods and measures should be adopted. During operation, in order to avoid possible significant water pollution resulted from an accident of the vehicle transporting dangerous or otherwise hazardous products, surface runoff from the bridge shall be collected to avoid directly flowing to the river beneath the bridge. Surface runoff will be drained to the dyke where collection tanks will be built on both sides of Kuiqi Bridge. Only when the collected liquid is known to be not contaminated, may it be discharged to the river. All those are measures to prevent or reduce any impact that may danger the living conditions of the fishes and Corbicula leana, and minimize the impact. 4.63 Impact on wetland ecological environment and mitigation measures Puxiazhou and Xindangzhou are grass wetlands surrounded by water. Besides Puxiazhou, there are several flood land, grassland, sandbank with areas ranging from several thousands to ten thousands mu at the Minjiang river mouth area. They provide the hygrophyte with a necessary growing environment, as well as various animals with breeding grounds, feeding grounds and fine habitats. And especially, as an important habitat of the migratory birds in Asia and Pacific regions, it serves as an irreplaceable place for various aquatic birds and wading birds to live through the winter. The original design of Nanjiang Binlu was through the Puxiazhou wetland. If that plan were implemented, this piece of wetland would be mostly destroyed. Therefore, the location of Nanjiang Binlu was changed, following the environmental asserssment and objections of the EA team. The new (current) design of the road will not pass through the wetland. When Nanjiang Binlu reaches to Qianhuang Bridge (a proposed bridge), it turns to Qianheng Nanlu so as to avoid passing or occupying the wetland. The new alternative design, already adopted by the project engineers and project owner is not expected to have direct impacts on the wetland because it is outisde the wetland area. More details are presented in the chapter of analysis of altematives in this report. The proposed Kuiqi Bridge is 260m away from the edge of Xindangzhou wetland. Construction of the bridge will not produce significant impacts on wetland and aquatic ecological environment due to the distance. But during project construction, light could potentially have impacts on migratory birds through disorientation. Specialists from Fujian Wild Animal Protection Management Institute were consulted on the potential impacts and their assessment concluded the impact would be relatively small because the distance of the bridge site to the core zone of the wetland. Because of the large wetland area, as well as the presence of numerous other wetlands in the sam region, the birds can still utilize the wetlands without fly cross or near the bridge construction site. 4.6A Construction impact on landscape and mitigation measures 4.6.4.1 Impact on landscape During project construction, the impacts on landscape are as follows: 1) A large quantity of residences, office buildings and land occupancy are to be demolished, which will bring a certain amount of impact on plant growing near the said residences, office buildings and roadsides, so they will damage natural landscape elements and affecting integrated regional landscape in the project to a certain extent. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 76 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 2) During project construction, occupation of the project roads will increase traffic pressure on surrounding road sections, affecting regular traffic on part of road sections, and bring inconvenience to neighboring residents to go out. 3) During project construction, if temporary structures or construction equipments are not placed or parked and operate properly, they could cause impact on the surrounding landscapes. 4.6A.2 Mitigation measures for landscape during construction period During construction, the existing landscape environment may change; construction shall be performed section-by-section or piece-by-piece. Landscape environment along the road alignment should be properly protected. Attentions that should be paid to are as follows: 1) Plants in the middle and on both sides of the project alignment shall be transplanted where possible. Tree may not be cut if not absolutely necessary. If it is just to transplant temporarily, the trees will be protected until they are replanted according to the design. 2) Best efforts will be given to carry out the project construction within the red lines. The neighboring vegetable plot and other landscaped areas not within the red lines will be avoided particularly during exacavation which piling the earth on the site, or materials storage. 3) During project construction, in order to avoid landscape disorder along the line, relocation shall be made in order; moreover, fences (wood, glass or iron sheet) may be installed for avoiding landscape pollution. 4) During project construction, there are lots of earth, spoiled materials (including those resulted from demolition of the old structures) and waste building materials. If those solid wastes are not properly handled, they would impede traffic and pollute environment. During transport, if transporting vehicles are not well cleaned, the transported materials would drop during transport, which would affect environmental sanitation along the transportation routes. They exacavated materials and demolition waste will be re-used where technically feasible as filling materials for road construction. For those excessive materials which cannot be re-utilized, disposal sites will be carefully selected to avoid any sensitive locations. There spoiled materials disposal sites will have soil erosion prevention measures such as drainage management by interception ditch, retaining walls if necessary. The disposal sites will be landscaped once the disposal operation is completed at the end of the project. 4.6.5 Measures to prevent water and soil erosion Nanjiang Binlu and the 3RR/II are to be built mainly on the plain area, but Kuiqi Bridge is bridging, so generally speaking, water and soil loss is not serious. Only when the 3RR/II passes Aoshan (also called Duyuanshan), filling earth is needed. But the earth engineering is balanced utilizing exacavated materials, thus it is unnecessary to set up a borrow pit for soil. Stone material can be taken from Mawei and Changle where there are rich granite and lava reserves. The transport distance is 5 to 25km. Sand can be taken from Nangang or Houguan upstream. The transport distance is 5 to 30km. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 77 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project of the road. In order to Water and soil erosion may happen at Aoshan hilly zone during the construction shall be built for road prevent water and soil erosion, retaining wall and grit settling chamber to prevent water and soil construction. After completion of the construction, forestation shall be made loss. measures shall be taken to Roadbed is divided into embankment and cut slope. Planting or engineering bridge and culvert pass are prevent water and soil loss from those positions. Bare slope surfaces where dykes. Temporary path for always scoured by water, so they shall be protected with embankments and and necessary engineering construction or new path shall be treated mainly with planting measures measures. 78 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project 5 Noise Environmental Baseline, Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures 5.1 Monitoring and Evaluation of Noise Baseline 5.1.1 Monitoring method and sampling locations The monitoring method adopted in the EA follows the "Standard of environmental noise of urban area (GB/T14623-93)". In principle, the measurement shall be done in the day when there is no rain and the wind velocity is less than 5.5m/s. In accordance with the "Technical Guidelines for Noise Impact Assessment (HJ/T2.4-1995)" and "Specifications for Environment Impact Assessment of Highway (JTJO05-96)" while in combination with characteristics of the project, sampling locations for monitoring of the current noise baseline of the project area shall follow the principles below: * Sampling points shall cover the entire range for assessment as much as possible. However, the focus shall be the areas that are sensitive to the noise. * Sampling points shall be near the flyover and in sites which are sensitive to the noise. As per principles above, 5 sampling points for noise are set within noise assessment range of the Nanjiang Binlu Project, 7 for the 3rd Ring Road Project (Phase II) and 4 for Kuiqi Bridge, i.e.: (1) Sampling points for Nanjiang Binlu: 1# Puxiazhou; 2# Fanchuanpu Catholic Church; 3# Annan Assembly Hall; 4# Yinghua English School; 5# Residential Area Kl+620. Please refer to Fig. 5.1-1 for details. (2) Sampling points for the 3RR/II: I# Shangqi Primary School; 2# Yangxia Village; 3# Wushan Primary School; 4# Pukou Xiazhou Village; 5# Fujian College of Information and Technology; 6# Duyuan Village; 7# Linpu Primary School. Please refer to Fig. 5.1-2 for details. (3) Sampling points for Kuiqi Bridge: I# Kuiqi Village; 2# Kuiqi Primary School; 3# Waitang Village; 4# Shaoqi Village. Please refer to Fig. 5.1-2 for details of above sampling points. In addition, water samples were collected up (1 location) and downstream (2 locations) from the proposed Kuiqi bridge site, as shown in Fig.5.1-3. 5.1.2 Monitoring time Each sampling points shall be monitored for 2 days, with noise sampled in the daytime and nighttime everyday. 5.1.3 Standard for current noise environment assessment Equivalent continuous A-weighted noise pressure level and noise level are selected for noise assessment. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 79 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project The equivalent continuous noise level Leq used in the noise assessment is: q [ T I l 0 Where, T is measuring time; L(t) ---- Instantaneous noise level at time t. of environmental noise For background noise of the current environment, class 2 and 4 of the "Standard of urban area (GB3096-93)" are adopted. Please refer to Table 5.1 -1 for details. Table 5.1-1 Standard of Environmental Noise of UrbanArea (Unit: dB(A) Class Daytime Nighttime 2 60 50 4 70 55 5.1.4 Monitored result of current noise environment and assessment baseline. Please refer to Table 5.1-2 - Table 5.1-5 for monitored results of noise Table 0-1 Noise Monitored at the 3RRIII on February 19, 2004 3 4 Sampling 1 2 Point Daytime Nighttime Time Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Noise 42.1 52.1 43.2 Value(LAe,,dB) 51.6 42.5 51.8 42.6 46.0 Primary Pukou Xiazhou Orientation of Yangqi Primary Wushan School Village Sampling School Yangxia Village Location Table 5.2-2 Noise Monitored at the 3RRIII on February 19, 2005 (continued) 7 Sampling Point 5 6 Nighttime Time Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Noise 43.2 Value(LM,d1) 56.8 43.0 57.6 42.7 51.3 Linpu Primary Orientation of Fujian College of School Sampling Infornation and Duyuan Village Location Technology I Table 5.1-3 Noise Monitored at the 3RRIII on February 20. 2005 3 4 Sampling Point 1 2 Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Time Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nightti me 42.4 51.6 42.8 Noise 52.3 42.3 52.1 42.2 47.1 Value(LAee,,dB)III Primary Pukou Xiazhou Orientation of Yangqi Primary Wushan School Village Sampling School Yangxia Village Location 80 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 5.2-3 Noise Monitored at the 3RRIII, February 20, 2004 (Continued) Sampling Point 5 6 7 Time Daytime I Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Noise 54.3 42.7 55.7 42.5 51.8 42.8 Value(LA,,,dB), Orientation of Fujian College of Linpu Primary Sampling Information and Duyuan Village School Location Technology Table 5.1-4 Noise Monitored at the Nanjiang Binlu on February 19, 2004 npling Point 8 9 10 11 12 Time Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Dayime Nighttime Nlue(LAe,dB) 54.9 42.5 53.8 41.8 57.9 45.6 64.0 45.8 67.8 48.8 ientation of Fanchuanpu Catholic Yinghua English Residential Area Sampling Puxia Village Church Annan Assembly Hall School Ri+620 Location C Table 5.1-5 Noise Monitored at the Nanjiang Binlu, February 20, 2004 Sampling 8 9 10 11 12 Point Time Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Dayme Nighttime Daytime Nighttime Daytime Nighttime : Noise 55.2 42.3 54.3 42.0 57.6 46.7 58.6 46.9 67.2 47.7 l Drientation of Fanchuanpu Catholic Annan Assembly Yinghua English Residential Area Sanipling Puxia Village Church Hall School K 1+620 Location IIIII Viewing from monitored results shown in Table 5.1-2 to Table 5.1-5, the LAeq values at daytime of the 3RR/II were (46.0-57.6) dB, which met Class 2 standard given in "Standard of environmental noise of urban area (GB3096-93)", and the LA,q values nighttime of the 3RR/II were (42.1'-43.2) dB, which met Class 1 standard. The LAeq values daytime of the Nanjiang Binlu were (53.8-67.8) dB, which metClass 4 standard given in "Standard of environmental noise of urban area (GB3096-93)" while that for the nighttime of the road were (41.8-48.8) dB, meeting Class 2 standards. 5.2 Analysis of noise impact during construction period and mitigation measures 5.2.1 Range and standard of assessment In accordance with Specification for Environment Impact Assessment of Highway, range of assessment of road construction's noise impact refers to the range of 50m on the two sides of proposed roads. Because the Project has been constructed as district, there are many sensitive points of noise environment within the range of 50m on the two sides of the road; therefore, key point of assessment on noise in construction period is the impact of noise in the construction period on noise environment. Its standard of assessment adopts Noise Standard on Construction Site (GB12523-90) , which provides noise limits on construction site in construction period as the following Table 5.2- 1. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 81 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 5.2-1 Noise Standard on Construction Site (GB12523-90) Unit: dB(A) limits Construction . . Noise . ~~~~~Mainnoise sourcesl Nighttime Period Daytime 55 Earthwork Bulldozer, excavator, pay loader etc. 75 It is not allowed Piling Various piling machines etc. 85 to construct 55 Structure Concrete mixer, vibrator, and electric saw etc. 70 55 Decoration Crane, elevator etc. 65 5.2.2 Investigation on noise intensity of construction equipment to actual investigation There are various mechanical equipments used in road construction. According include excavator, and comparative analysis, main mechanical equipments used in construction values produced by bulldozer, grader, concrete mixer, road roller, pay loader and spreader etc. Noise 5.2-2. construction mechanical equipments in operating period are listed in table dB(A) Table 5.2-2 Noise values of various construction mechanical equipments Unit: Lmax SIN Type of Machinery Distance from measuring point to construction equipment (M) 90 1 Wheel Loader 5 90 2 Grader 5 86 3 Vibratory Roller 5 81 4 Two-Wheel Double-Vibration 5 Roller 81 5 Tri-Wheel Roller 5 76 6 Wheel Roller 5 86 7 Bulldozer 5 84 8 Hydraulic Wheel Excavator 5 87 9 Spreader 5 98 10 Generator 5 92 11 Truck 5 12 Concretefo91 Mixing Truck 85 13 Concrete Pump 5 96 14 Mobile Crane 5 98 15 Pneumatic Hanuner And Rock Drill 5 84 16 Vibrator 5 95 17 Pneumatic Wrench 5 5.2.3 Forecasting result of noise source appreciatively. Noise sources of construction of the Project can be disposed as point noise within different distance According to damping mode of noise from point noise source, noise values mode: from noise source in construction period can be estimated, as the following forecasting Lp = Lpo - 20 logj j 82 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project In the arithmetic formula: Lp -- Forecasting value [dB(A) ] of construction noise within the distance of r m from noise source; Lpo--Reference noise level [dB(A) ]within the distance of romftom noise source According to noise value of various construction machineries, forecasting noise value of different construction machineries within different distances can be calculated. See the following Table 5.2-3. Table 5.2-3 Forecasted noise of different construction machinery in different distances Distance Standard Exceedance by (M) 5 10 20 40 50 value c Equipment Day Night Day Night Wheel loader 90 84 78 72 70 75 55 - 15 Grader 90 84 78 72 70 75 55 - 15 Vibratory Roller 86 80 74 68 66 75 55 - 11 Two-Wheel Double-Vibration 81 75 69 63 61 75 55 . 6 Roller ______Tri-Wheel Roller 81 75 69 63 61 75 55 6 Wheel Roller 76 70 64 58 56 75 55 I1 Bulldozer 86 80 74 68 66 75 55 - 11 Hydraulic Wheel 84 78 72 66 64 75 55 9 Excavator Spreader 87 81 75 69 67 75 55 12 Generator 98 92 86 80 78 75 55 3 23 Truck 92 86 80 74 72 75 55 - 17 Mobile Crane 96 90 84 76 74 65 55 9 19 AndRockDrill 98 92 86 80 78 75 55 3 23 Vibrator 84 78 72 66 64 70 55 - 9 Pneumatic Wrench 95 89 83 77 75 75 55 - 20 Concrete mixer 80 74 68 62 60 75 55 - 5 Concrete transfer 85 79 73 67 65 75 55 - 10 pumping According to forecast results in Table 5.2-3, in construction period of the Project, noise will exceed 3- 9dB(A) over the standard regulated Noise Standardon ConstructionSite (GB 12523-90) in the day time and 1-23dB(A) at night. It is obvious that noise produced by construction will bring about impact within the range of 50m around the construction site, especially in nighttime. All sensitive ceptors inlcuding residential areas within that distance will be exposed to noise levels higher than the applicable standards at night and some of them will also be exposed in the higher than standards during the day time. 5.2.4 Impacts of Night Time Construction This project involves Nanjiang Binlu mostly in the built up area and 3RR/II mostly in the rural area. The Nanjiang Binlu is a main transport trunk road on the Naitai island and the proposed upgrading of the existing road has heavy traffic at the present. In order to avoid or shorten the traffic disruption, safety hazards, inconvenience to the communities, as well as the construction schedule itself, construction at night, at least in some sections, may be inevitable. In adition, since interchange construction period is long and it needs more construction machinery, night time construction is mostly Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 83 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project near the interchange will likely to take place in interchange sites. Therefore, sensitive receptors located be most likely subject to great noise impact during night construction. 23 dB(A) above the applicable The above table shows that night time construction noise can be up to have a proper sleep, espeically standards. At these noise levels, impacted residents may not be able to (particularly during the exam vulnerable groups such as the ill persons, the elderly, babies, students seasons when residents have their time), etc. Such impacts would be particularly significant during the The noise impacts would be less windows open at night. In Fuzhou, this means Spring and Autumn. are air conditioned and have their significant in the summer and winter when most residential houses by about 10 to 15 dB(A) when windows closed. Regular glass windows are able to reduce noise levels as there are no classes at night. properly closed. Schools are not sensitive to night time construction 5.3 Assessment of traffic noise impact in operating period 53.1 Forecasting method of traffic noise are different road structures and Nanjiang Binlu is composed of ground road mainly. Because there the road are totally different and buildings on the two sides, noise fields produced by traffic noise near roads and ground roads. Noises very complex, especially compound road composed of overhead of motorcycles on the road are produced by starting, speed-up, braking, wheeling and upgrading be considered as uniform running, different, which causes more complex noise fields, therefore it will the same as in our forecasting. as well as vehicle flow and proportion of vehicle type are considered years and design parameter According to vehicle flow of different road sections in different forecasting which on different sections in of the road, range and degree of traffic noise on the two sides of the road, forecasted. the daytime and nighttime, in the year of 2005, 2010 and 2020, will be 53.2 Forecasting mode of traffic noise of Germany, recommended by Cadna/A, the software used in environmental noise forecasting Protection Administration is Environment Engineering Assessment Center of State Environmental adopted as forecasting mode of traffic noise. and value of environmental Superimposing value (Leq) of forecasting value of traffic noise (LeqTm.f) background (LeqBackground) of Nanjiang Binlu: Leq = 10log(l 0 + 10 .lLeqBackground) 533 Confirmation of each parameter in forecasting mode 533.1 Proportion of vehicle type and vehicle flow of Nanjiang Binlu explained in According to forecasting of vehicle flow and road design standard Nanjiang Binlu is listed on the Nanjiang Binlu Feasibility Study Report, proportion of vehicle type of (within 16 hours) accounts for following Table 3-1. Vehicle speed is 50km/h; vehicle flow in daytime Vehicle flow on each road section 87.3%; vehicle flow in nighttime (within 8 hours) accounts for 13%. is distributed as in the following in peak hours of the year of 2005, 2010, and 2020 on Nanjiang Binlu Table 3-2. 84 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 0.3-1 Proportion of vehicle type on Nanjiang Binlu Year Passenger Taxi Passenger Light Lorry Total car bus truck 2005 26 5 17 13 39 100 2010 30 7 17 12 34 100 2020 35 8 14 12 31 100 Table 0.3-2 Vehicle flow in peak hours on Nanjiang Binlu 2005 2010 2020 Section description Dayti Nightti Dayti Nightti Dayti Nightti me me me me me me Section from Sanqiao to Kuiqi 1041 156 1549 232 1462 219 Section from Sanqiao to Sigiao 1559 233 2221 332 2045 306 533.2 Leqi Value of Each Kind of Vehicle According to inland research, relationship between equivalent level A of noise efficacy and vehicle speed of various motorcycles in our country is as the following Table 3-3. Table 0.3-3 Relationship between equivalent noise efficacy level A and vehicle speed of various vehicles Vehicle type Equivalent level A of n ise power LWA(dB(A) LWA(V) LWA(lgV) Light-duty vehicles 89+0.3V 66+24logV Medium-sized vehicles 91+0.3V 64+25logV Oversize vehicles 96+0.3V 71 +24logV Motorcycles 92+0.3V 68+23logV Note: vehicle with speed of 20-80km/h is adaptable. In accordance with damping rule of point noise source in quasi-free noise field, noise level of various vehicles within the distance of 15m is calculated by the following formula: LA = L -201gr-8 Computing result as the following Table 3-4 Table 0.3-4 Leq, of various vehicle Unit: dB(A) Vehicle type Leqi (60km/h) 75.5 Light-duty vehicles 77.5 Medium-size vehicles 82.5 Oversize vehicles 78.5 . Motorcycles 533.3 Modified Value of Road Surface Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 85 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project rough road Result of theoretical and experimental research testifies that friction effects produced by surface and tires would not impact on noise level of oversize vehicles running with high speed basically, to the but will impact on noise level of light-duty vehicles, which shall be corrected according following Table 3-5. Table 0.3-5 Corrected value of equivalent noise level A caused by road surface Unit: dB(A) Road surface Corrected valueAS Asphalt concrete road surface 0 Cement concrete road surface and the ordinary + 3 - + 4 roughness Seriously rough road surface + 5 - + 6 its According to design plan of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu, its road surface is covered by asphalt, therefore corrected value of noise is OdB(A) . 5.33.4 Corrected value of vertical grade When light-duty vehicles run on vertical grade, noise level will not change greatly, therefore correction oversize of this part can be ignored. The motor will produce torque when medium heavy vehicles and will vehicles are upgrading, therefore noise of medium heavy vehicles and oversize vehicles upgrading be louder than they run on level road, which increasing values as the following Table 3-6. Table 0.3-6 Corrected value of noise of upgrading vehicle Unit: dB(A) Grade(%) <2 3 4 5- 6 >7 C o r r e c t e d 0 + 2 + 3 + 5 value AS . +2dB(A) . The biggest vertical grade of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu is <5%, therefore its corrected value is sides of the 533.5 Corrected value ASReflection caused by reflection of buildings on the two road and In case there are buildings on the two sides of the road (especially there are multi-story buildings obvious), high-rise buildings on the two sides of the road, so reflection impact will be more put into superimposition of reflecting noise power produced by reflection of buildings will be level consideration of noise value in forecasting point (as Figure 5.3-1). Because reflection makes noise of forecasting point increased, its increment is shown by A SReflection. (m) Forec sting point p(x y) Building! Ufl . flVUIOW/t1g1 L) IILJ.l 6 F ure 3-1 Guangzhou Envi onment Protct Aesearch Institute 86 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project From the figure, it is clear that noise wave of noise source S reflected by buildings to P is amount to noise wave radiated from mirror image noise source S', that is SP r', S' P = r. r In case -I A SReflcetion=3dB(A) r In case -1.4 A SReflection=2dB(A) r'r r In case -2 A SReflection=ldB(A) r r In case - 2.5 ASReflection=OdB(A) r 533.6 Corrected value of equivalent noise level A caused by buildings on road sides Although noise pollution of the front row buildings will be increased by buildings (especially multi-story buildings and high-rise buildings) on the two sides of the road, the first row buildings provide a good noise screen for the behind buildings. Different buildings have different height, so they will cause different damping values for different floor (that is different height) of the behind buildings; different building's layout (it is parallel with the road, which is the reasonable layout and vertical with the road) will cause different damping value. Therefore, it is clear that confirmation of damping corrected value of equivalent noise level A caused by buildings on the two sides of the road is a complex process and it shall be corrected according to counting formula of noise insulation screen with limited length of line source. 5.3.4 Ttraffic Noise Prediction Results and Impact Assessment According to the basic assessment above on the road design parameters, forecast traffic day time and night flows at different assessment years in the future, vehicle type distribution, as well as road conditions, as well as buildings on both sides of the roads, noise levels are predicted using Candna/A model. This section shows the modeling results and assessment of the noise impacts from the project operation. 5.3.4.lNoise Prediction Results and Impact Assessment at Nanjiang Binglu 5.3.4.1.1 Prediciton results The modeling resutls for years of 2005, 2010 and 2020 following opening of Nanjiang Binglu to traffic are presented in Table 5.3-9 for day time and night noise at different distances to the road. The predicted noise isoline along the alignment is shown in Fig. 5.3.4-1 (day time) and Fig. 5.3.4-2 (night). Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 87 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 0.3-9 Noise modeling results dB A Height Forecast noise levels Distance to road curb (m) 2005 2010 2020 (m) day night day night Day Night 1.5 64 59 65 60 67 62 4.5 65 59 66 60 68 62 7.5 68 63 69 64 71 66 10.5 68 63 69 63 71 65 5 13.5 67 62 68 63 70 65 16.5 67 62 68 63 70 65 19.5 67 62 68 63 70 64 22.5 66 61 67 62 69 64 25.5 66 61 67 62 69 64 28.5 66 61 67 62 69 64 31.5 66 60 66 61 68 63 34.5 65 60 66 61 68 63 37.5 65 60 66 61 68 63 40.5 65 59 66 60 68 62 43.5 64 59 65 60 67 62 46.5 64 59 65 60 67 62 49.5 64 59 65 60 67 62 52.5 64 58 65 59 67 61 55.5 63 58 64 59 66 61 58.5 63 58 64 59 66 61 10 1.5 67 62 68 63 70 65 4.5 67 62 68 63 70 65 7.5 67 62 68 63 70 65 10.5 67 62 68 63 70 65 13.5 67 61 68 62 70 64 16.5 66 61 67 62 69 64 19.5 66 61 67 62 69 64 22.5 66 61 67 62 69 64 25.5 66 61 67 61 69 63 28.5 65 60 66 61 68 63 31.5 65 60 66 61 68 63 34.5 65 60 66 61 68 63 37.5 65 59 66 60 68 62 40.5 64 59 65 60 67 62 43.5 64 59 65 60 67 62 46.5 64 59 65 60 67 62 49.5 64 59 65 59 67 61 52.5 63 58 64 59 66 61 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 88 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 55.5 63 58 64 59 66 61 58.5 63 58 64 59 66 61 1.5 66 61 67 62 68 63 4.5 66 61 67 62 68 63 7.5 66 61 67 62 68 63 10.5 66 61 67 61 68 63 20 13.5 66 60 67 61 68 63 16.5 66 60 66 61 68 63 19.5 65 60 66 61 68 63 22.5 65 60 66 61 68 63 25.5 65 60 66 61 68 62 28.5 65 60 66 61 67 62 31.5 65 59 66 60 67 62 34.5 64 59 65 60 67 62 37.5 64 59 65 60 67 62 40.5 64 59 65 60 67 61 43.5 64 59 65 60 66 61 46.5 64 58 65 59 66 61 49.5 63 58 64 59 66 61 52.5 63 58 64 59 66 61 55.5 63 58 64 59 66 60 58.5 63 58 64 59 65 60 40 1.5 65 60 66 60 67 62 4.5 65 60 66 60 67 62 7.5 65 60 66 60 67 62 10.5 65 59 66 60 67 62 13.5 65 59 65 60 67 62 16.5 65 59 65 60 67 62 19.5 64 59 65 60 67 62 22.5 64 59 65 60 67 62 25.5 64 59 65 60 67 62 28.5 64 59 65 60 67 61 31.5 64 59 65 60 66 61 34.5 64 59 65 59 66 61 37.5 64 58 65 59 66 61 40.5 63 58 64 59 66 61 43.5 63 58 64 59 66 61 46.5 63 58 64 59 66 60 49.5 63 58 64 59 66 60 52.5 63 58 64 59 65 60 55.5 63 57 64 58 65 60 58.5 63 57 63 58 65 60 80 1.5 61 56 62 57 63 58 4.5 61 56 62 57 63 58 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 89 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 7.5 61 56 62 57 63 58 .10.5 61 56 62 56 63 58 13.5 61 56 62 56 63 58 16.5 61 56 62 56 63 58 19.5 61 56 62 56 63 58 22.5 61 56 62 56 63 58 25.5 61 56 62 56 63 58 28.5 61 56 62 56 63 58 31.5 61 56 61 56 63 58 34.5 61 56 61 56 63 58 37.5 61 56 61 56 63 58 40.5 61 56 61 56 63 58 43.5 61 55 61 56 63 58 46.5 61 55 61 56 63 58 49.5 61 55 61 56 63 58 52.5 60 55 61 56 63 58 55.5 60 55 61 56 63 58 58.5 60 55 61 56 63 58 1.5 58 53 59 53 60 55 4.5 58 53 59 53 60 55 7.5 58 53 59 53 60 55 10.5 58 53 59 53 60 55 13.5 58 53 59 53 60 55 16.5 58 53 59 53 60 55 19.5 58 53 59 53 60 55 22.5 58 53 59 53 60 55 25.5 58 53 59 53 60 55 28.5 58 53 59 53 60 55 31.5 58 53 59 53 60 55 34.5 58 53 58 53 60 55 37.5 58 53 58 53 60 55 40.5 58 53 58 53 60 55 43.5 58 53 58 53 60 55 46.5 58 53 58 53 60 55 49.5 58 53 58 53 60 55 52.5 58 53 58 53 60 55 55.5 58 53 58 53 60 55 60 55 160 58.5 58 53 58 53 5.3.4.1.2 Noise impact assessment for Nanjiang Binglu Noise at the open space the road opening Table 5.30-9 shows that there will be significant noise increase and impacts following on the modeling particularly at the night time. The key noise characteristics at the road sides are, based 90 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project reuslts: * In 2005 noise can meet the Category 4 standards in areas about 90 m to the road on both sides in day time while beyond 90 m the noise can reach Category 2 standards. Compared with the current baseline noise, the noise will increase by about 1.1 to 14.2 dB(A) following the project. Impact is much more significant at night when within 90 m to the road nosie is expected to exceed the category 4 standards and increase by about 13.2 to 20.2 dB(A) copmared with the baseline. * In 2010 noise can meet category 4 standards in ares up to 160 m and meet category only going beyond 160 m. The increased noise will be about 1.2 to 15.2 dB(A). At night, the 160 m area will exceed category 4 standards and the noise increase will be about 15.2 to 22.2 dB(A). the increased impacted area is due to the increased traffic over time on the project road. * In 2020, there will be further increase in noise, by about 3.2 to 17.2 in day time and 15.2 and 22.2 at night. To meet the category 2 noise standards, one has to go beyond 160 m at day time while at night the impacted areas are larger. The above indicates that the noise will increase significantly following the project implementation due to the increased traffic and higher motor vehicle speeds. The acoustic quality willl deteriorate in areas immediately adjacent to the road on both sides . Impacts to the sensitive receptors along the road Based on the site survey during the EA, there are eight sensitive receptors within the impacted areas. The projected noise levels at these sensitive receptors are presented in Table 5.3-10 while the noise standard exceedance at these senstive receptors is presented in Table 5.3-11. Table 03-10 Forecast Noise at Sensitive Receptors along Nanjiang Binglu dB A No. Name 2005 2010 2020 Day Night Day Night day night 1 Canquanlu 68-70 62 -66 69-71 63-67 71- 73 66-70 residence 2 Yinghua English 68'-70 62-66 69-71 63- 67 71-73 66- 70 school 3 Anlan club 68'70 62'-66 69-71 63-67 71-73 66-70 4 Taipingyang 63'-66 58'-61 64-67 59-62 65-68 60-63 residence 5 Mingjiang second 68-70 62-66 69-71 63-67 71-73 66-70 bridge residence 6 Fanchuanpu church 66-68 60-64 67-69 61'-65 69-71 63-67 7 Quanhengnanlu 68-71 62'-67 69-72 63-68 71'-74 66---71 residence (E) 8 Quanhengnanlu 68-71 62'-67 69- 72 63'-68 71--74 66-71 residence (W) Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 91 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project on Category Table 03-11 Noise exceedance at sensitive receptors along Nanjiang Binglu (based 2 standards) dB A 2020 No. Name 2005 2010 Day Night day night day night 16-20 1 Canquanlu residence 8 10 12 16 9-11 13' 17 11-'13 16'20 2 Yinghua English school 8 10 12 16 9-11 13' 17 11-'13 3 Anlan club 8'10 12-16 9-11 13-17 11-13 16'20 10 13 4 Taipingyang residence 3-6 8-11 4-7 9' 12 5-8 16-20 5 Mingjiang second bridge 8-10 12-16 9-11 13-17 11-13 residence 11 13 17 6 Fanchuanpu church 6-8 10-14 7-9 11-15 9- 6-21 7 Quanhengnanlu 8'-11 12--17 9'-12 13-18 11-14 residence (E) I_I 6-21 8 Quanhengnanlu 8-11 12'-17 9'-12 13'-18 11'-14 I _ residence (W) all sensitive From Table 3.5-10 and 5.3-11 it can be seen that following the road opening, vitually at 60 dB(A) for receptors in all three projection years will exceed the category 2 standards which stand day time in 2005, the day time and 50 dB(A) for night. The exceedance will be about 3-11 dB(A) for 8-17 dB(A) for 4-12 dB(A) in 2010 and 5-14 dB(A) in 2020. At night, the exceedance will be about noise will have 2005, 9-18 dB(A) for 2010 and 10-21 dB(A) for 2020. Clearly, Nanjiang Binlu traffic particularly at significant impacts to the sensitive receptors along the road after the project completion, during the EA, night. Based on detailed survey of potentially impacted area along the project alignment one church, and the total impacted recetpors will include 772 households, one classroom building and other sensitive the total number of impacted residents will be about 3200. These will be the people and the scale of receptors to be exposed to the increased noise levels indicated in the above tables, showing the impacts the noise impact Nanjiang Binlu project. Mitigation measures .must be taken to reduce (discussed later). 5.3A.2 Noise Modeling Results and Impact Assessment for 3RR/II 53.4.2.1 Modeling Results 2010 and 2020 are Based on the modeling results, following the road opening the noise levels for there is little presented in Table 5.2-12. As the 3RR/II will be mostly in the open field in the rural area, the height of 1.5 m high rise building on the project site and alignemnt, the noise modeling is based on (day time) above the ground. The predicted noise isoline alignment the 3RR/II is shown in Fig.5.3.4-3 and Fig.5.3.4-4 (night). 92 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 5.3-12 Noise Modeling Results at 3 RRJII dB A Distance to road curb 'Height Wanbian Bridge to Fuxia (m) (m) Higl w ay Fuxia Highway to Kuigi Bridge 2010 2020 2010 2020 Day ht Day night day night day Night 0 1.5 73 68 74 69 68 63 70 64 4.5 73 68 74 69 68 63 70 65 7.5 73 68 74 69 69 63 70 65 10.5 73 68 74 69 69 63 70 65 13.5 73 68 74 69 69 64 70 65 16.5 73 67 74 69 69 64 70 65 19.5 72 67 74 68 69 64 71 65 22.5 72 67 73 68 69 64 71 65 25.5 72 67 73 68 69 64 71 66 28.5 72 67 73 68 69 64 71 66 31.5 72 66 73 68 69 64 71 66 34.5 71 66 73 67 69 64 71 66 37.5 71 66 72 67 69 64 71 66 40.5 71 66 72 67 69 64 71 66 43.5 71 66 72 67 69 64 71 66 46.5 71 65 72 67 69 64 71 65 49.5 70 65 72 66 69 64 71 65 52.5 70 65 71 66 69 64 71 65 55.5 70 65 71 66 69 64 70 65 58.5 70 65 71 66 69 64 70 65 10 1.5 72 66 73 68 67 62 69 63 4.5 72 66 73 68 67 62 69 64 7.5 72 66 73 68 67 62 69 64 10.5 72 66 73 68 68 62 69 64 13.5 71 66 73 68 68 63 69 64 16.5 71 66 73 67 68 63 69 64 19.5 71 66 73 67 68 63 70 64 22.5 71 66 72 67 68 63 70 64 25.5 71 66 72 67 68 63 70 64 28.5 71 66 72 67 68 63 70 65 31.5 71 66 72 67 68 63 70 65 34.5 71 65 72 67 68 63 70 65 37.5 70 65 72 66 68 63 70 65 40.5 70 65 72 66 68 63 70 65 43.5 70 65 71 66 68 63 70 65 46.5 70 65 71 66 68 63 70 65 49.5 70 65 71 66 68 63 70 65 52.5 70 64 71 66 68 63 70 65 55.5 69 64 71 66 68 63 70 65 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 93 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 58.5 69 64 71 65 68 63 70 64 1.5 70 65 71 66 66 61 68 62 4.5 70 65 71 66 67 61 68 63 7.5 70 65 71 66 67 61 68 63 10.5 70 65 71 66 67 62 68 63 63 20 13.5 70 65 71 66 67 62 68 16.5 70 65 71 66 67 62 68 63 19.5 70 65 71 66 67 62 68 63 22.5 70 64 71 66 67 62 69 63 25.5 70 64 71 66 67 62 69 63 28.5 69 64 71 66 67 62 69 64 31.5 69 64 71 65 67 62 69 64 34.5 69 64 71 65 68 62 69 64 37.5 69 64 70 65 68 62 69 64 40.5 69 64 70 65 68 62 69 64 43.5 69 64 70 65 68 62 69 64 46.5 69 64 70 65 68 62 69 64 49.5 69 64 70 65 68 62 69 64 52.5 69 63 70 65 68 62 69 64 55.5 69 63 70 65 68 62 69 64 58.5 68 63 70 65 68 62 69 64 61 40 1.5 66 61 68 63 65 60 66 4.51 66 61 68 63 65 60 67 61 7.5 66 61 68 63 65 60 67 61 10.5 66 61 68 63 65 60 67 62 13.5 66 61 68 63 66 60 67 62 16.5 66 61 68 63 66 60 67 62 19.5 66 61 68 63 66 61 67 62 22.5 66 61 68 62 66 61 67 62 25.5 66 61 68 62 66 61 67 62 28.5 66 61 68 62 66 61 67 62 31.5 66 61 68 62 66 61 67 62 34.5 66 61 68 62 66 61 67 62 37.5 66 61 68 62 66 61 67 62 40.5 66 61 67 62 66 61 68 62 43.5 66 61 67 62 66 61 68 62 46.5 66 60 67 62 66 61 68 62 49.5 66 60 67 62 66 61 68 62 52.5 66 60 67 62 66 61 68 62 55.5 66 60 67 62 66 61 68 62 5-8.5 65 60 67 62 66 61 68 62 59 80 1.5 63 58 65 60 63 58 64 4.5 63 58 65 60 63 58 65 59 94 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 7.5 63 58 65 60 63 58 65 59 10.5 63 58 65 60 64 58 65 60 13.5 63 58 65 60 64 58 65 60 16.5 63 58 65 60 64 58 65 60 19.5 63 58 65 60 64 59 65 60 22.5 63 58 65 60 64 59 65 60 25.5 63 58 65 60 64 59 65 60 28.5 63 58 65 60 64 59 65 60 31.5 63 58 65 60 64 59 65 60 34.5 63 58 65 60 64 59 65 60 37.5 63 58 65 60 64 59 65 60 40.5 63 58 65 60 64 59 65 60 43.5 63 58 65 59 64 59 65 60 46.5 63 58 65 59 64 59 65 60 49.5 63 58 65 59 64 59 66 60 52.5 63 58 65 59 64 59 66 60 55.5 63 58 65 59 64 59 66 60 58.5 63 58 65 59 64 59 66 60 160 1.5 62 56 63 58 61 55 62 57 4.5 62 56 63 58 61 55 62 57 7.5 62 56 63 58 61 56 62 57 10.5 62 56 63 58 61 56 62 57 13.5 62 56 63 58 61 56 62 57 16.5 62 56 63 58 61 56 62 57 19.5 62 56 63 58 61 56 62 57 22.5 62 56 63 -58 61 56 62 57 25.5 62 56 63 58 61 56 62 57 28.5 62 56 63 58 61 56 62 57 31.5 62 56 63 58 61 56 62 57 34.5 62 56 63 58 61 56 62 57 37.5 62 56 63 58 61 56 62 57 40.5 62 56 63 58 61 56 62 57 43.5 62 56 63 58 61 56 63 57 46.5 61 56 63 58 61 56 63 57 49.5 61 56 63 58 61 56 63 57 52.5 61 56 63 58 61 56 63 57 55.5 61 56 63 58 61 56 63 57 58.5 61 56 63 58 62 56 63 58 5.3.4.2.2 Impact Assessment Impacts (Open Space) Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 95 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project the 3RR/II Table 5.3-12 provides modeling results of noise at different time in two sections of based on following project completion. There will be significant incremental increase in noise levels the results. More specifically, Wanbian bridge to Fuxia highway section: but In 2010, The noise level up to 20 m from the red line in day time will meet the category 4 standars site is in the assessment area noise is projected to be higher than catogery 2 standards. At the project baseline green field now with little noise sources, the incremental increase will be high. Compared the At noise and the projected noise level in 2010, the increase in noise will be about 15.4-27 dB A reach night noise will exceed category 4 in entire assessment area with incremental increase in noise about 24.8-25.9 dB A assessment In 2020, the area up to 40 m from the road will meet category 4 standards but entire impact 16.4-28 dB area will exceed the category 2 standards. The incremental increase in noise will be about 2 while the A . At night, the noise levels in entire impact assessment area will exceed category incremental increase in noise will be about 25.8-26.9 dB(A) Fuxia Highway to Kuiqi Bridge standars but In 2010, The noise level up to 80 m from the red line in day time will meet the category 4 project site is in the assessment area noise is projected to be higher than catogery 2 standards. At the the baseline green field now with little noise sources, the incremental increase will be high. Compared dB A At noise and the projected noise level in 2010, the increase in noise will be about 13.4-25 in noise reach night noise will exceed category 4 in entire assessment area with incremental increase about 22.8-23.9 dB(A). assessment In 2020, the area up to 10 m from the road will meet category 4 standards but entire impact 13.4-25 dB area will exceed the category 2 standards. The incremental increase in noise will be about the A . At night, the noise levels in entire impact assessment area will exceed category 2 while incremental increase in noise will be about 22.8-23.9 dB(A) and acoustic The above data show that there will be significant increase in noise along the 3RR/II quality will deteriorate compared with the baseline. Impacts to Sensitive Receptors along 3RRIII impacted areas Based on the site survey during the EA, there are nine sensitive receptors within the while along 3RR/II. The projected noise levels at these sensitive receptors are presented in Table 5.3-13 the noise standard exceedance at these senstive receptors is presented in Table 5.3-14. 96 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project Table 5.3-13 Nosie Levels at Sensitive Receptors along 3RR/II dB A No Name 2010 2020 Day Night day Night 1 Wanbian village 66-72 61'66 68-73 63-68 2 Shangqi village 70-72 65-66 71'73 67-68 3 Yangqi village 62-72 56-66 64-74 58-68 4 Wushan village 66-70 61-65 68-72 63-68 5 Wufeng village 66-72 61-66 68-74 63-68 6 Puxiazhou village 66-72 61 66 68-74 63-68 7 Oshang and quanyuan villages 66-72 61 -66 68-74 63-68 8 Fujian Commerce College 70'72 65-66 72-74 67-68 9_____ Duyuan village 70-72 65-66 72-74 67-68 Table 5.3-14 Noise Exceedance at Sensitive Receptors along 3RR/II (against category 2) dB A No. Name 2010 2020 Day Night Day Night 1 Wanbian village 6 12 11-16 8' 13 13 18 2 Shangqi village 10' 12 15 16 11-'13 17-18 3 Yangqi village 2-12 6'16 4-14 8'18 4l Wushan village 6' 10 11' 15 8' 12 13A18 5 Wufeng village 6' 12 11-'16 8 14 13l18 6 Puxiazhou village 6 12 11-16 8 14 13'l18 7 Oshang and quanyuan villages 6 12 11 16 8 14 13l18 8 Fujian Commerce College 10-12 15 16 12 14 17' 18 9_____ Duyuan village 10 12 15 16 12 14 17l18 From Table 3.5-13 and 5.3-14 it can be seen that following the road opening, vitually all sensitive receptors in all three projection years will exceed the category 2 standards which stand at 60 dB(A) for the day time and 50 dB(A) for night. The exceedance will be about 2-12 dB(A) for day time in 2010, and 4-14 dB(A) in 2020. At night, the exceedance will be about 6-16 dB(A) for 2010 and 8-18 dB(A) for 2020. Clearly, 3RR/II traffic noise will have significant impacts to the sensitive receptors along the road after the project completion, particularly at night. Based on detailed survey of the potentially impacted during EA, the total impacted recetpors will include 392 mostly rural households and one classroom building and the total impacted residents will be about 2500. These will be the peopole and other sensitive receptors to be exposed to the noise levels indicated in the above tables, showing the scale of the noise impact Mitigation measures must be taken to reduce the impacts (discussed later). 5.3.4.3 Noise Impact Modeling Results and Impact Assessment at Kuiqi Brid The nosie impact was modeded based on bridge/connection road design parameters as well as predicted traffic volumes at daytime and at night and predicted vehicle type Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 97 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project distribution. The bridge structure and buildings near the bridges and access roads were also considered in the modeling. Cadna/A environmental noise model was used for predicting traffic noise levels in the different predicting years. 53A3.1 Modeling results at the both ends Based on the modeling, after the completion of Kuiqi Bridge, the predicted nosie levels Table 5.3-15. The of the bridge at the daytime and night for years 2010 and 2020, are presented and Fig.5.3.4-6 predicted noise isoline at the both end of the bridge is shown in Fig. 5.3.4-5 (day time) (night). Table 5.3-15 Noise Levels At the Bridge End Unit: dB(A) oise eve s istance to the Pre icte 2020 ri ge m height m 2010 aytime night aytime ight 54 5 15 58 53 59 55 45 59 54 60 57 75 61 55 62 60 105 63 58 65 67 135 70 65 72 74 165 78 73 80 74 195 78 73 79 74 225 78 73 79 74 255 77 72 79 74 28.5 77 72 79 59 54 10 15 58 52 55 45 59 54 61 58 75 61 56 63 61 105 65 60 66 69 135 73 68 74 73 165 77 72 79 73 195 77 72 79 73 225 77 72 78 73 255 77 71 78 73 28.5 76 71 78 54 20 15 57 52 59 55 45 59 54 61 58 75 61 56 63 63 10_ 5 66 61 68 69 13_ 5 73 68 75 16 5 75 70 77 72 72 19_ 5 75 70 77 22 5 75 70 77 72 72 25_ 5 75 70 77 98 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 28.5 75 70 77 72 40 1 5 58 53 59 54 4 5 60 55 62 57 7 5 62 57 64 59 10 5 66 61 67 62 13 5 73 67 74 69 16 5 73 68 75 70 19 5 73 68 75 70 22 5 73 68 75 70 25 5 73 68 75 70 28.5 73 68 75 70 80 1 5 58 53 60 55 4 5 60 55 61 56 7 5 62 57 63 58 10 5 66 60 67 62 13 5 70 65 72 66 16 5 71 65 72 67 19 5 71 65 72 67 22 5 71 65 72 67 25 5 71 65 72 67 28.5 71 65 72 67 160 1 5 59 54 60 55 4 5 60 55 62 56 7 5 63 57 64 59 10 5 65 60 66 61 13 5 67 62 68 63 16 5 67 62 69 64 19 5 67 62 69 64 22 5 67 62 69 64 25 5 67 62 69 64 28.5 67 62 69 64 5.3.4.3.2 Noise impact assessment of Kuiqi Bridge Noise Impact South Bridge End (Open Space) Table 5.3-15 shows that after the bridge opens to traffic, nosie impacts are expected to be significant, especially at the night time. More sepcificallyk, these impacts are described as follows; In 2010 at daytime, in about 160 m on both sides noise levels will increase by about 7.1-28.1 dB(A). Areas less than 1.5 m are able to meet the Class II standard, while those higher than 4.5 will exceed Class II standard and higher than 13.5 m, will exceed Class IV standard. At night. the noise will increase by 8.7-29.7 d(A) compared with the baseline levels. Areas lower than 4.5 m will meet Class IV standard while areas higher than 4.5 will exceed Class IV standards. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 99 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project In 2020 at daytime, in about 160 m on both sides noise levels will increase by about 6.1-26.1 dB(A). Areas less than 4.5 m are able to meet the Class II standard, while those higher than 7.5 will exceed Class II standard and higher than 13.5 m, will exceed Class IV standard. At night. noise will increase by 9.7-31.7 d(A) compared with the baseline levels. Areas lower than 1.5 m will meet Class IV standard while areas higher than 4.5 will exceed Class IV standards. The above data show that the accostic environmental quality standards will singnificantly deterioriate compared with the current conditions. The area currently has limited noise sources and enjoys good accostic quality. Therefore, the incremental increase in noise after the bridge opens to traffic is apparent. Impacts to Sensitive Receptors The field investigation during the EA shows that the bridge impacted areas has Linpu and Shaoqi villages at the south of the bridge and Waitang and Kuiqi villages. These four villages will be impacted by the increased noise from traffic on and to/from the bridge. Based on site conditions, the impacts to these villages are predicted and results are presented in Table 5.3-16. The noise standard exceedance in 2010 and 2020 is shown in Table 5.3-17. Table 5.3-16 Predicted Noise at Sensitive Receptors near Kuiqi Bridge Unit: dB A No. Sensitive Receptors 2010 2020 Daytime Nght Daytime Night 1 Linpu and Shaoqi village (south end) 57-62 52-57 59-64 54-59 2 Kuiqi village (north end) 65-76 6071 67-78 62-73 3 Waitang village (north end) 67-76 62-72 69-79 64-74 Table 5.3.17 Noise Exceedance near Kuiqi Bridge (Against Class H Standards) Unit: dB A No Sensitive Receptors 2010 2020 Daytime Night Daytime Night 1 Linpu and Shaoqi village (south end) 02 2-7 0-4 4-9 2 Kuiqi village (north end) 5 16 1021 7'18 12-23 3 Waitang village (north end) 7-16 12-22 9-19 14'24 Tables 0.2-8 and 0.2-9 show that after the bridge opens traffic, the four seneitive receptors will exceed the applicable standards (60 dB(A) for day time and 50 dB(A) for night) in both predicting years. At the south ends, the exceedance is up to 2 dB(A) in 2010 and up to 4dB (A) in 2020. Night execeedance is higher, about 2-7 dB(A) in 2010 and 4-9dB(A) in 2020, indicating more significant impacts to villagers for their night time rest. At the north end, because of the interchange, the noise level is much higher. The model shows in 2010 day time noise will exceed the standard by 5-16 dB(A) 7-19 dB(A) by 2020. At night, the noise levels will exceed by about 10-22 dB(A) by 2010 and 12-24 dB(A) by 2020. Clearly, these will be significant impacts to these two villages, particularly at night. Based on current conditions, there are 219 households living at the north ends and 26 households at the south, the total impacted population Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 100 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project (based on today's statistics) is 1225. Among them, those living in the first rows towards the bridge and interchanges will be impacted by the above indicated noise levels while those living beyond the first row, the impacts will be much lower. Mesasures will be needed to mitigate the anticipated impacts. 5.4 Mitigation Measures 5.4.1 Mitigation Measures during Construction The following mitigation measures have been proposed and will be taken during construction to reduce and minimize the noise impacts: * The contractors will be requested to adopt effective measures to reduce noise caused during the construction, and minimize the noise impacts. During the construction, Construction modes and construction time will be rationalized to reduce or avoid noise construction activities occurring during the most sensitive time, such as night time, class times and hospital operation time wherever possible. Use of piling machines at night (from 22:00 to 6:00) will be strictly forbidden and other noisy activities including heavy truck transportation, loading/unloading, beam lifting and stockpile of the materials will be carried out during the day time. If other noisy machinery and activities have to be used, they will be located to areas as far away from sensitive receptors as possible. If nighttime construction is absolutely necessary, the contractors will be requested to report the local environmental protection bureau as well as the PMO for approval (more on night time construction mitigation later). * Although three rounds of public consultation at the sensitive receptors have been conducted during the EA for concerns of project impacts including night time construction, contractors will be requested notice well ahead of time the impacted public and communities and consult with the public for their concems and opinions. The continued public consultation will be included in the tendering documents and made part of the contract obligations to the contractors, in order to receive public understanding and listen to their concems and suggestion for mitigation. These mitigation measures, including public consultation for construction arrangement and night construction activities will be implemented prior to the start of the construction at the site to allow the public to express concem and the time to further design mitigation measures if needed. * The construction in the residential and school areas will stop one week prior to the annual national examination time (first week in July but the actual time may change in the next few years). All construction activities, including materials transportation and preparation, will stop during the actual exam time (3 days) to provide the best possible acoustic environment during this highly sensitive period. * For some components with a real long construction period, such as the interchange, special measures will be taken for the sensitive receptors nearby. There are several noise sensitive receptors around the sites, it will be arranged to construct during the school vacation to the extent possible. * Contractors will select and use the construction machinery with low noise as far as possible. Temporary generators will be banned in principle and the utilities will be requested to supply additional power to meet the constriction needs. In case such arrangement with the utilities cannot be made, generator sets along the roads will be equipped with sound-insulation cover and located to be away from the sensitive receptors. Contractors will be requested to provide good maintenance to all their construction machinery so that they can be kept in good shape and best working conditions to minimize noise. Construction time and construction sites will be rationalized. Working site with high noise Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 101 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project will be far away from the noise sensitive receptor if possible. The access for construction transport vehicles in and out the site will be arranged at the side far away from the residential area. For individual construction site with serious impacts and near highly noise sensitive receptors, temporary sound-insulation enclosing structure or sound-insulation barrier will be set up. Alternatively, temporary noise barriers at the side near sensitive receptors will be built. For earthwork, contractors will arrange multiple excavators and trucks to work at the same time, and thus shorten the impact time. * Full time supervision staff will be retained by the PMO to supervise construction activities, particularly night time construction. Hand held noise meters will be used to measure noise levels at sensitive receptors such as hospital wards and residential buildings during the night construction periods. * With the close supervision of the PMO, the contractors will be requested to place a designated person for night time traffic management for construction vehicles. If necessary, proper training and instruction from traffic police will be provided to minimize night time traffic congestion and hooting. * At each construction site where night time construction will be carried out, a public notice board will be put on display in a highly visible place. On this board, telephone number and contact number will be shown for the public to vent their concerns and complaints about the night time construction. All such complaints will be recorded, and investigated as needed, and then appropriate actions will be taken to address the concerns and complaints. * The concrete structures for interchanges, bridges, etc. will be pre-fabricated in factories to the extent possible. Site concrete pouring for these elements will be minimized in order to reduce noise levels from these activities. As concrete pouring often requires continued operation, avoidance of site pouring is also an effective metod to reduce the need for night time construction activities. * The Nanjiang Binlu project will be partially expansion and upgrading of existing road. This is a busy road and the primary access to the local community. Construction on this road will seriously affect the existing traffic and people's outings. To mitigate the impact, construction will be carefully planned. The road will not be closed and construciton will be conducted half of the road at a time and leave the other half continued open to traffic. Local traffic planning will be developed with the police before construction starts. No local traffic will be detoured and the half road still open to traffic will allow only local buses, bicycles, service vehicles, emergency vehicles, etc. at least in certain hours of the day (e.g., rush hours). While the general traffic will be detoured to other roads nearby. This plan will be announced to the general public and the detour plan will be posted at the entrances of the roads and will be enforced by the police as may be necessary particularly in rush hours when all is competing for the road space. The priority will be given to the locals to ensure the impacts of the construction on their daily life be minimized. In addition, contractors will be requested to carefully manage the construction sites. Construciton materials and waste piling will be carefully planned not to occupy any road space. Loading/unloading will take place only at the low traffic time and will not occupy the entire half road opening to traffic. Even with vehicle loading/unloanding, the contractors will have to make sure there will be sufficient space on the road for buses. In addition, the contractors will post staff at the construction sites to direct traffic when needed, such as ruch hours and when there is loading/unloading. The full occupation of the road will be kept to the very minimum and will occur only when it is. absolutely necessary and can only be allowed for a short period of time. Finally, a billboard will be erected at the construction site to provide project background, length of construction, traffic detour plan, as well as contact name and telephone number for the public to express Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 102 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project their concerns and suggestions, if any. Special mitigation measures for night time construction As ngiht time construction would result in particularly significant impacts to residents and other sensitive receptors, besides the above mitigation measures, the following special measures will be taken during the construction phase: * Urban residents and villages living within the potentially impacted areas will be noticed ahead of time for the length and noise intensity of the proposed night time construction. Information on why the night construction is necessary and mitigation measures to be taken will be provided to these urban and rural residents to obtain their understanding. These residents will be consulted for their concerns, difficulties, and suggestions for noise control prior to the commencement of night time construction. These concems will be responded and suggestions adopted where appropriate. * Night time construction will be arranged in such a way to avoid school exam time (about one week in the summer) in the urban area and harvest time (about half month each in the summer and fall) in the rural area. These are particularly sensitve time when students need the good night sleep in preparation for exams and farmers for the heavy farming activities in the field. * Concreted mixer, power generated and other stationary equipment will be carefully placed to be far away from residential areas and villages to ensure no noise impacts from these machines. Where possible, municipal power supply will be utilized in construction including night time construction as diesel generators are extremely noisy and avoiding using them is the best mitigation. * Equipment with lower noise levels will be used for concrete pouring operations, which may required 24 hours non-stop operaiton; * Temporary noise barriers at the appropriate places may be erected to reduce the noise impacts at the night time. These areas may include noisy stationery construction machines and/or areas with sensitive receptors. * If necessary, the contractor will arrange temporary accommodation away from the impacted areas for the extremely vulnerable people who need good night time rest, such as persons with illness and elderly, * Notice boards will be erected at all construction sites providing information about the project, as well as contact information about the site managers, environmental staff, telephone number and other contact infornation so that any affected people can have the channel to voice their concerns and suggestions, and * Close supervision personnel from the PMO will be assigned to the construction sites during the period of night time construction to ensure that the above measures are taken and to respond to any un-anticipated impacts by necessary mitigation measures. All these mitigation measures will be included in the project Environmental Management Plan (EMP) which is a stand alone document used during the construction phase to enforce and supvervise the implementation of the proposed mitigation measures. And all which require the actions of the contractors will be included in the bid documents and later the contracts to ensure that these mitigation measures and actions will become contractual obligations for the contractors which can be enforced by the PMO and the environmental monitoring team. 5A.2 Mitigation Measures at Operation Phase Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 103 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 5A.2.1 Comparison of Available Mitigation Measures Under the current economic, technical and environmental conditions, the noise on Nanjiang Binlu is not be able to reach applicable noise standards, particularly at night time. The goal of mitigation is to minimize the noise impacts to the maximum extent allowed by the available technologies and not to increase noise levels singificantly while improving traffic conditions. The main currently available technologies for noise mitigtion for road projects include noise barriers at the both sides of the roads, low noise payment, noise isolation measures for the impacted buildings. Table 5.4-1 lists the noise reduction effectiveness, costs, other merits and limits of these technologies for their applications in this project. Table 5.4-1 Comparison of Noise Mitigation Measurees Measures Noise Merits and Limits Cost Remarks 2 reduction (RMB/m dB(A) _ Regular 5-20 * Effective in open space 800-900 Not effective to upper noise * Low noise reflection floor of high rise barrier * Effective to low rise buildings building * Poor effetive to upper floors of high rise buildings * Affect city view and convenience if installed on ground level roads. Reflective 5-20 * Effective to low rise building 500-600 Not effective. for Noise * High noise reflection upper floor of high barrier, * Intensify the noise if there are high rise building Transparent buildings around the roads * Poor effetive to upper floors of high rise buildings * Less impacts on city scenery but still inconvenience if installed on ground level roads. Sealed 15-20 * Highly effective 1500 - Effective to upper noise * Low impact on lighting on the road 2500 floors as well as barrier * Low noise reflection ground level buidings * Affect motor vehicle emission dispersion * Relatively high costs * Affect city scenery and convenience i installed on ground level roads. Low noise 3 * Effective to high speed traffic Already included in Pavement * Road surface vulnerable for damages the project design 20-35 * Effective to individual households and 900-1100 Urban: 25m'/HH, Noise 2 2 isolation affected indoor environment. (RMB/ in ) Rural:30m /HH windows 5.4.2.2 Analysis of Effectiveness of Noise Baerrier In order to understand the effectiveness of noise barriers for noise mitigation, the EA team selected representitive road sections for analysis. Noise is predicted at these sections before and after the noise barriers and then determine the noise reduction by the noise barrier through the following equation: h E Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 104 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project The noise barrier conceptual design is a road side installation, about 200 m long and 4 m high. The sensitive receptors in the analysis is about 5 m from the road side. Based on these assumptions, noise is predicted for year 2020 for ground level roads and elevated viaduct/interchange. Table 5.4-2 shows the noise levels before and after the noise barrier installation. Table 5.4-2 Noise reduction after noise barrier installation at elevated viaduct in year dB(A) Height of No noise barrier 4 m high noise barrier Noise reduction receiving point Day Night Day night 1.5 67 62 56 51 5 4.5 68 62 63 58 5 7.5 71 66 71 66 0 10.5 71 65 71 65 0 13.5 70 65 70 65 0 16.5 70 65 70 65 0 19.5 70 64 70 64 0 22.5 69 64 69 64 0 25.5 69 64 69 64 0 This table shows that the first row of sensitive receptors at the ground level can expect a noise reduction of about 5 dB(A) for their lower floors after a 4 m noise barrier is installed. But there will be no noise reduction for areas higher than the third floor. People living at and above this floor will continue to expose to the same noise, even after noise barrier is installed according this prediction. For the first two floors, a 5 dB(A) noise reduction can be expected after noise barrier installation. However, the impacted receptors will still be in the noise enviromnent higher than the applicable standards, particularly at night. Clearly, noise barrier only has limited effectiveness to part of the impacted sensitive receptors (lower floors). Using ventilated noise isolation windows would reduce the indoor noise of sensitive receptors to below applicable standards although installation work is much more complex than noise barrier. According to the experience at the Guangzhou Urban Transport project, where a World Bank financed ring road go through highly congested urban built up areas, ventilated noise isolation windows are able to reduce noise level by about 28 dB(A) or higher which enabls noise reduction of indoor environment to below 45 dB(A), the most stringest appliable noise standards for the night. At the same time, because of the ventillation nature, the indoor fresh air quantity is able to mee the requirements for Indoor Air Quality Standards (GB/T18883-2002). Overall, the ventilated noise isolation window seems to be an effective and mature technology for noise control and has proven experience in the recent urban transportation projects. From impact mitigaiton point view, ventilated noise isolation windows are recommended as the primarily mitigation measures for the sensitive receptors identified in this project (more below). 5.4.2.3 Mitigation Measures during Operation Noise mitigation measures during project operaiton will be taken in four different ways, from planning to specific engineering measures. These measures are: 1. Reasonable planning and land uses for areas along both sides of the project roads 0 * On both sides of the project roads, about 100 m from the road curbs, highly sensitive receptors will not be allowed to built, such as schools, hospitals, kingdengartens, etc. Instead these spaces may be utilized by non noise sensitive buildings and structures such as shops, parking,and other commercial buildings. This would fundamentally resolve the noise Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 105 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project impacts from traffic in the future. should * When residential buildings must be built along the road sides, the architecture design consider to place bath rooms, kitchens, elevators, and other less sensitive functions facing the roads while place the bed rooms on the other sides. noise * The first row of buildings may be built in parallel to the roads which would be effective barriers to the buildings behind them. should * When residential or other sensitive buildings must be built along the roads, the design include noise reduction considerations including noise control building materials, noise isolation windows, etc. to protect the indoor environment from impacts of noise from road traffic. these These measures will be communicated to Fuzhou Planning Bureau. Once adopted as policies, measures will be applied to Fuzhou construction planning, review and approval process. 2. Rational road layout and appropriate construction materials surface * Low noise asphalt will be applied to mininize the noise from frictions between road and vehicle tires. This measure has been included in the engineering design in this project for all project roads. * In interchange and elevated viadut, expansion joints/seals will be minimized to mininizie noise of vehicles passing throught these joints. In addition, flexible support (sheet rubber support, etc.) will be used in the structure to minimize the vibtration and noise. 3. Protection of Sensitive Receptors along the Roads impact According to the results of impact assessmenet of Nanjiang Binlu and 3 RR/II, significant noise available will be placed on several highly sensitive receptors. The above analysis also shows that other which mitigation measures have only limited noise mitigation effect at these sensitive receptors, include schools and church. The measures are described as follows: closed to the' i At the Provincial Information College, the library, which is the building to be affected by the traffic noise on the road, noise porposed 3d Ring Road Phase II, and 2 isolation windows will be installed. On the side facing the road, there is appoxiately 400 m of windows and all will be replaced with the noise isolation windows. the classroom o At the Yinghua English School along the proposed Nanjiangbinlulu road, facing the road will be installed with noise isolation windows. The total estimated window area is about 300 mi2 . along * At the Fanchuapu church, 100 m highly quality (sealed) noise barrier will be installed the road on the church side. This would reduce the noise by up to 20 dB(A) to the yard as well as to the church and dormitory itself As this is a protected cultural relics site and noise barrier would generate visual impacts, special visual effect will be incorporated in the noise barrier design. In addition, a provinsion has been included in the mitigation plan to upgrade the church windows to ensure the noise impacts to the church service be minimized. levels to a * At the Kuiqi bridge north end, which has the highest incremental increase in noise residential area and highest exceedance of noise over the applicable standards due to the elevated interchange at this location, a high noise barrier is designed to reduce the noise by up to 20 dB(A). 4. Measures on vehicles, traffic management and road maintenance for * Gradually introduce and complete motor vehicle noise standards and demand vehicles regular maintenance to enusre the lowest possible noise levels. For vehicles which exceed the noise standards will be requested for compulsory maintenance until the noise level reduced to 106 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project below the applicable standards. Fuzhou is to gradually develop a motor vehicle noise control goal and plan ta meet the goal, as one of the effective measures to control noise from motor vehicles. * Noise siliencers will be requested to be installed in high noise vehicles (e.g. heavy duty trucsk), to reduce engine and tail pipe noise. * In highly sensitive sections and/or in sensitive housrs (e.g., night), traffic speeds will be limited by eye-catching signs and by police enforcement. * Conduct regular maintenance to keep the road conditions fit. Timely repaire any damages on road surface to reduce noise levels. * The kindergarten and school to be affected the Kuiqi bridge will be relocated and their relocation have been included in the project RAP. Mitigation effectiveness and residual impacts, and costs The mitigation measures proposed for sensitive receptors are expected to be highly effective. The noise reduction after the installation of noise isolation windows is expected to be at least 30 dB(A). Based on the noise modeling results of noise levels after the project roads open to traffic, this reduction would ensure the indoor noise meets the standards in the schools and church even for 2020 traffic. Thus, the residue noise impacts from the project operation, to the indoor environment of sensitive recpetors where the mitigation measure is taken, the residual impact to the indoor environment will be nil. The noise barrier will help reduce the noise level by about 20 dB(A) All affected houses behind the- noise barrier will benefit from this mitigaiton measures. The residential noise will basically meet or be close the applicable standards. Based on the unit costs and above listed mitigation measures (excluding low noise pavement and low noise structural design which have been included in the project engineering costs, the total estimated costs for noise mitigation measures described above would be RMB 1.85 million (RMB900,000 for Nanjiangbinlulu, RMB400,000 for 3RR/II and RMB550,000 for Kuiqi Bridge component). Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 107 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project 6 Ambient Air Quality Baseline, Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures 6.1 Monitoring and Assessment of Ambient air Quality Baseline 6.1.1 Sampling locations Arrangement of sampling locations shall conform to the following principles: set in * According to the weather characteristics during sampling, sampling locations shall be the down wind direction of predominant wind direction; * Objects sensitive to air pollution within a short distance; source, * In consideration that the emission source of the project is mainly the traffic linear scope in a short distance along the roads is mainly affected by extension of air pollutant, therefore, sampling locations are mostly set near plannedly-chosen routes of the project. As per aforesaid principles, 3 status sampling locations shall be respectively set within air assessment scope of Nanjiang Binlu and the 3RR/II . The three sampling locations are: location * Sampling locations at Nanjiang Binlu: 1# Yantai Mountain (Regular sampling sampling location, present available materials can be used), 2# Fanchuanpu Catholic Church and 3# Jiangbian Primary School. * Sampling locations at the 3rd Ring Road(Phase II) and Kuiqi Bridge: 1# Wushan Primary School, 2# Fujian College of Information and Technology, 3# South Emperor (Nan Di) Xanadu Administration (near Linpu Primary School) and 4# Kuiqi Primary School. of Kuiqi For the exact positions of all sampling locations, refer to Fig 5.1-1. For the sampling location Primary School at the northem end of Kuiqi Bridge, see Figure 5.1-2 6.1.2 Monitoring Parameters and Time As per the categories of air pollutants discharged in the project, characteristics of ambient air pollution Ocan be near the planned area of the project, and the relevant regulation ambient air, NO2 , CO and PM1 chosen as monitoring items for the ambient air quality status. According to related requirements in Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment the (HJ/T2.2-93) and Technical Code for Environment Impact Assessment of Highway (JTJ 005-96), In time and frequency for status monitoring of ambient air quality can be confirmed as the following: shall the mid December of 2003, monitoring shall be carried on for 5 days and samples of CO and NO2 19:00; be taken for four times (one hour for each time) per day, the time is 7:00, 11:00, 14:00 and lasting for more than 24 hours. samples of PM1 Oshall be taken once at each sampling site 6.1.3 Standards of Assessment for more, Ambient air Quality Standards (GB3095-1996) and the revised Class E Standard is adopted, refer to Table 6.1-1. 108 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 6.1-1 Assessment Standards of Ambient air Quality Limited Concentration Value(mg/m 3 ) Name_of_Pollutants Time for sampling Class Class I Daily average 0.08 0.12 2 Hourly average 0.12 0.24 CO Daily average 4.00 4.00 Hourly average 10.00 10.00 Inhaled particles PM1o Daily average 0.05 0.15 6.1.4 Result and Assessment of Ambient Air Quality Baseline 6.1.4.1 Results of Monitoring For result of ambient air monitoring, see Table 6.1-2-Table 6.1-5. Table 6.1-2 Monitoring Results of CO Hourly Average S/N of Name of Time for Results of monitoring(mg/m 3 ) sampling sampling locations locations samp ing Feb.17 Feb.18 Feb. 19 Feb.20 Feb.21 7:00 2.13 1.88 1.50 2.25 1.13 10 Fanchuanpu 11:00 1.88 1.75 1.88 2.00 1.25 1 Catholic 14:00 2.38 1.75 1.50 1.75 1.00 Church______19:00 1.50 1.50 1.63 1.63 0.75 7:00 2.63 2.38 2.75 3.13 1.88 Jiangbian 11:00 2.25 2.25 2.50 2.75 1.13 2# Prinary 14:00 2.13 1.75 1.63 2.38 School 1.13 19:00 2.00 2.00 2.13 2.63 1.38 7:00 1.88 1.38 2.38 1.13 0.75 3 PWushan 11:00 1.38 1.13 0.75 0.63 0.50 Schoaly 14:00 1.13 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.50 19:00 1.75 1.13 1.25 0.88 0.63 Fujian College 7:00 1.88 1.75 1.75 2.38 1.13 40 of Infornation 11:00 1.50 1.38 1.00 2.13 0.88 and 14:00 1.50 1.25 1.25 1.75 1.00 Technology 19:00 1.63 1.25 1.50 1.88 0.75 Cangshan 7:00 1.63 2.13 1.50 2.50 1.38 South 11:00 1.00 1.50 0.88 1.75 1.00 Emperor (Nan Di) Xanadu 14:00 1.13 1.88 0.63 2.25 1.13 Administration 19:00 1.38 1.25 1.25 2.63 1.25 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 109 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 6.1-3 Monitoring Results of NO2 Hourly Average 3) S/N of Name of Time for Results of monitoring(mg/m sampling sampling Feb.20 Feb.21 locations locations samp ing Feb.17 Feb.18 Feb.19 7:00 0.080 0.053 0.056 0.090 0.063 0.037 Fanchuanpu 11:00 0.073 0.039 0.041 0.067 0.066 0.028 I Catholic 14:00 0.074 0.028 0.037 0.019 Church 19:00 0.055 0.025 0.020 0.050 0.080 0.086 0.062 7:00 0.071 0.211 0.048 Jiangbian 11:00 0.053 0.152 0.071 0.082 0.050 0.049 2 Primary 14:00 0.057 0.179 0.076 School140 005 017 007 .5009 19:00 0.031 0.061 0.050 0.047 0.022 7:00 0.028 0.028 0.014 0.008 0.010 0.005 Wushan 11:00 0.019 0.012 0.008 0.003 0.003 0.005 3 SPrimnary 14:00 0.016 0.013 0.009 School 19:00 0.014 0.010 0.006 0.003 0.003 0.040 Fujian College 7:00 0.040 0.071 0.030 0.038 0.026 0.024 4# of Information 11:00 0.023 0.067 0.019 0.022 and 14:00 0.022 0.057 0.018 0.031 0.015 Technology 19:00 0.015 0.016 0.008 0.017 0.036 Cangshan 7:00 0.030 0.058 0.030 0.033 0.021 South 11:00 0.022 0.042 0.027 0.025 (Nan 5# Emperor 0.024 Di) Xanadu 14:00 0.021 0.041 0.027 0.020 0.012 Administration 19:00 0.012 0.019 0.010 0.011 Table 6.14 Monitoring Results of PM2 o Daily Average 3 ) S/N of sampling Name of sampling Results of monitoring(mg/m locations locations Date of monitoring PM,0 Feb.17 0.111 Feb.18 0.089 0.073 # Fanchuanpu Catholic Feb.19 Church. Feb.20 0.074 Feb.21 0.063 Feb.17 0.210 Jiangbian Primary Feb.18 0.175 2# School Feb. 1 9 0.225 Feb.20 0.138 Feb.21 0.066 Feb.17 0.054 Feb.18 0.082 3C Wushan Primary Feb. 19 0.024 School Feb.20 0.022 Feb.21 0.011 4a Fujian College of Feb.17 0.171 110 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Information and Feb.18 0.137 Technology Feb.19 0.203 Feb.20 0.122 Feb.21 0.072 Feb.17 0.054 Cangshan South Feb.18 0.087 5# Emperor (Nan Di) Feb.19 0.027 Xanadu Administration Feb.20 0.059 Feb.21 0.039 Table 6.1-5 Summary Sheet of Monitoring Data at Yentai Regular Monitoring Locations of Fuzhou Environmental Monitoring Station (Feb.17-21,2004) 3 3 ate Time N0 2 (mg/m ) PM 1O(mg/m ) Feb.17, 2004 7:00 0.044 Feb.17, 2004 11:00 0.044 , ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0.130 e 17 2004 14:00 0.040 Feb.17, 2004 19:00 0.034 Feb.18, 2004 6:00 0.032 Feb.18, 2004 11:00 0.027 Feb.18, 2004 14:00 0.034 0.114 Feb.18, 2004 19:00 0.035 Feb.19, 2004 7:00 0.050 Feb.19, 2004 11:00 0.032 0.118 Feb.19, 2004 14:00 0.030 Feb.19, 2004 19:00 0.036 Feb.20, 2004 7:00 0.047 Feb.20, 2004 11:00 0.036 0.131 Feb.20, 2004 14:00 0.030 Feb.20, 2004 19:00 0.060 Feb.21, 2004 7:00 0.045 Feb.21, 2004 11:00 0.034 0.076 Feb.21, 2004 14:00 0.043 Feb.21, 2004 19:00 0.037 6.1.4.2 Assessment of Ambient Air Quality Baseline The ambient air quality baseline may be described as follows: * Hourly Average Values of CO: from Table 6.1-2, we know that the hourly average values of CO for 5 days (4 times per day) at 5 sampling locations are not up to Class - of Ambient air Quality Standards (GB3095-1996) (i.e.<10.00mg/i 3). * Hourly Average Values of NO2: from Table 6.1-3, we know that the hourly average concentration values of NO2 for 5 days (4 times per day) at 5 sampling locations are not up to Class3of Ambient air Quality Standards (GB3095-1996) (i.e.<0.12mg/m3 ), except that parts of frequencies and times of 2# Jiangbian Primary School on Feb.18, 2004 exceed ClassC.From Table 6.1-5, we know that the hourly average values of NO2 for 5 days at regular monitoring site of Yantai Mountain are not up to Class I. Parts of frequencies and times of 2# Jiangbian Primary School on Feb.18, 2004 exceed ClassC,but not up to Class_, Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 111 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pefi-Urban Development Project through site inspection, it is mainly because there are many transmitting motor vehicles exhaust on the road outside the school during that period. No other obvious pollutant sources are found. average values of Daily Average values of PM1o: from Table 6.1-4, we know that the daily Church, 3# Wushan Primary School and 5# PM1 O for 5 days at 1# Fanchuanpu Catholic Cangshan South Emperor (Nan Di) Xanadu Administration are all not up to ClassZ(<0.15 g/m3 ); the monitoring values of 2# Jiangbian Primary School on Feb.17, 3 3 Feb.18 and Feb.19 are between Class!(0.15mg/m )and ClassEl(<0.25mg/m ), but not up to Class Zon Feb.20 and Feb.21;the monitoring values of 4# Fujian College of Information and Technology on Feb.17 and Feb.19 are between Classiland Class!, while not up to Class Zon Feb. 18, Feb.20 and Feb.2 1. site From Table 6.1-5, we know that the daily average values of PM 1o for 5 days at regular monitoring of Yantai Mountain are not up to Class!. inspection, On account of no obvious pollutant sources nearby all the sampling locations, through site is possibly that dust in the air is the reason why the PM1 o of several monitoring sites exceeds Class! the activities increasing for continuous drought lasting several months, activities of people (especially from after school and come-and-go of students) and come-and-go of vehicles resulting in dust nuisance the ground into the air. 6.2 Air Impact Assessment During Construction of transport The main air pollution sources during construction are: dust from excavation, running construction vehicles and construction machinery; loading and unloading, transportation and piling of piling and materials (cement, lime and sandstone) and rising and falling of excavated soil during transportation; emission exhausted from construction machinery and transportation vehicles. and Dust is main factor that affects ambient air quality during construction. Dust from excavation surface of drilling of dry ground surface: some floats in the air, other falls on the ground and the loading and buildings with wind; when piling excavated soil, if the wind is strong, dust will rise: during on the unloading and transportation, some dust rises and falls; the soil carried in rainwater scatters blowing of surface of roads, after getting dry in the sun, dust rises again with movement of vehicles or loading and wind; a large amount of dust will rise during backfilling; dust will also rise and fall during unloading, transportation and piling of construction materials. in the The harmfulness of dust pollution during construction shall not be neglected. If the dust floating but also air is inhaled by constructors and residents nearby, not only many diseases of respiratory tract the health of all kinds of diseases caused by pathogenic germs carried by dust will seriously affect traffic constructors and residents nearby. Moreover, flow of dust makes low visibility and causes engendered accidents. If dust falls on the buildings and trees, sight will be affected. Although the dust strictly during the execution of this Project cannot be avoided completely, the Employer shall strengthen management and take suitable measures to control the dust produced during construction. 112 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 6.3 Air Impact Assessment during Operation 63.1 Assessment Factors Main ambient air pollutant during the operation of the Project is emission and waste gas exhausted from motor vehicles with main pollutant of CO, NO2 and hydrocarbon etc. As per Environmental Impact Assessment Specification of Road Construction (JTJO05-96) and the Environmental Assessment Outline of this Assessment, CO and NO2 will be taken as the assessment factors of impact on ambient air environment. 63.2 The Characteristics of Weather in case of pollution 1) The Characteristics of Ground Wind Field This field may be described as follows: * Ground Wind speed: the annual average wind speed in this area is 2.4m/s. In summer, there is typhoon, so the instantaneous maximum wind speed can reach 20m/s. The frequency of calm wind is as high as 23.3 . For the annual average wind speed in all wind directions, refer to Table 6.3-1. * Ground wind direction: the monsoon climate of this area is obvious. The predominant wind direction every year is southeaster. In sunmmer, under the influence of the southernly monsoon, the southeaster is even more frequent. In winter, the frequency of wind is scattered with the highest frequency of souther and higher frequency of north wind and northernly wind. For this area nears the sea, the daily wind direction has the obvious characteristics of land and sea breeze with a cycle of day and night. Northwest wind in the morning and southeast wind in the aftemoon are more obvious in summer. For the annual frequency of wind direction, refer to Table 6.3-2 and Rose Diagram 6.3-1. * Contamination factors: the maximum contamination factors are SSE, S and N. In sunmmer, the frequency of wind is high, so the maximum contamination factor is the same as the frequency of winter, that is, maximum when in the direction of SSE. 2) Characteristics of Low-Altitude Wind Field The average low-altitude wind speed increases with the height. At the height of 600 meters above ground, the wind speed increases slowly, every 100 meters higher, 0.35m/s faster the wind speed; at the height of 600 to 1,200 meters, the wind speed increases faster, every 100 meters higher, 0.6m/s faster the wind speed. The daily average wind speed near stratum is similar to that on the ground, that is, in the morning the wind speed is slow; after sunrise, the wind speed gradually becomes faster, to the maximum at about 18 o'clock, and then gradually slows down, to the minimum from after-midnight to early moming. At the height of 400 to 700 meters, the daily wind speed has little changes and is stable. At above 700 meters, the daily change of wind speed is opposite to that of wind speed on the ground. In winter, due to the impact of cold air from the north, the wind direction beneath 1,000m is northeasterly; in summer, due to the southeast monsoon, there is more southerly wind and the wind direction will change from southeast to southwest with the increa5ing of height. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 113 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project m/s Table 6.3-1 The Annual Average Accumulative Monsoon Speed in Fuzhou Unit: NW NNW N NNE E ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW Month 2.0 2.0 2.9 2.6 2.6 1 2.9 2.8 3.2 3.3 2.6 3.0 1.4 2.6 2.5 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.8 2.5 2.1 4 2.6 2.9 3.9 3.1 1.5 2.1 2.3 3.8 3.1 2.0 2.0 2.8 2.4 2.1 2.3 3.0 2.9 7 1.9 3.3 3.0 4.8 1.7 2.0 4.4 4.9 3.5 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.0 3.2 3.0 2.9 10 2.8 3.4 3.3 4.5 3.2 1.0 2.1 2.9 2.5 2.0 1.8 1.9 3.0 2.5 2.5 The 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 2.4 2.0 3.2 4.2 .2.9 4.2 2.0 2.1 whole year Unit: % Table 6.3-2 The Annual Average Accumulative Monsoon Frequency in Fuzhou W WNW NW NNW C N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW Month 1.8 2.8 2.8 6.8 6.5 22.5 1 6.3 6.8 8.3 4.5 2.8 '0.8 2.0 5.5 9.0 6.0 3.3 4.0 2.8 4.5 2.8 26.3 4 4.0 4.0 4.3 1.5 0.8 1.5 3.5 14.0 15.3 5.5 3.8 1.5 1.3 1.8 3.0 2.3 17.0 7 2.0 2.5 3.0 2.0 1.3 0.3 10.8 36.0 10.3 2.8 1.5 1.0 1.3 3.8 7.0 10.5 9.5 15.0 10 8.5 7.5 9.5 4.3 1.0 0.5 1.5 5.3 6.8 4.3 0.8 1.5 2.0 4.3 5.8 5.8 23.3 The 6.5 5.8 6.3 2.8 2.0 1.3 4.3 13.0 8.5 4.3 3.0 whole year 114 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 'E < E 4 ,t~BE EE a m in of the- ho eyear-23 30 a m -in .in pring 22.50 .am in in .ummer 26. 30. E BE X X /, D' X \E a m in in utum l/ uu a m in in inter ib uu egen Table 6.3--i The Rose Diagram of Wind Direction in the Area Where the Project Locates 3) Statistics of Temperature Field a. Average temperature: the annual average temperature is 19.6 E, 28.71 in the hottest months, 7.7 in the coldest months, the extreme high temperature 39.8 1 and the extreme low temperature -2.4 . The change of ground temperature in the day has the same rule as in winter and summer, that is, the lowest at 5 o'clock in early morning, with the rising of temperature after sunrise, and reaching the highest at 14 o'clock in the afternoon. b. Temperature Field of Low-Altitude: the temperature of low-altitude in this area reduces with the increasing of height. The average stable lapse rate beneath 1,500m in summer is 0.51 /lOOm, 0.31 _/lOOm in winter, while there are no changes in temperature at the height of 1,100-1,500m. Thus it can be seen that the vertical diffusion capability of atmosphere in this area in summer is greater than that in winter. Low-altitude temperature inversion: there is grounding temperature inversion in winter and summer in Fuzhou, however the frequency in summer is lower than that in winter, and the thickness and strength of temperature inversion in summer are greatly lower than those in winter. Furthermore, as per changes in the day, in winter the strength, thickness and frequency of grounding temperature inversion in the morning are higher than those in the night; reversely in summer, all the indices in the night are higher than those in the morning. For details, see Table 6.3-3. The non-grounding temperature inversion and grounding temperature inversion in winter are similar with those in summer in Fuzhou, i.e., all the indices in winter are higher than those in summer. Moreover, in winter and summer, the frequency of temperature inversion at 7 o'clock is higher than that at 19 o'clock, while the average strength of temperature inversion is reverse. For details, refer to Table 6.3-4. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 115 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 6.3-3 The Status of Grounding Temperature Inversion in Winter and Summer of Recent Ten Years in Fuzhou Season, Time Summer Winter Item 7 o'clock 19 o'clock 7 o'clock 19 o'clock Frequency 2 4 22 8 Average thickness m 110.0 195.0 995.0 460.0 Average strength,3/lOOm 0.47 0.55 1.26 1.02 Maximum strength 3/lOOm 0.81 1.00 2.50 1.96 Table 6.34 The Status of Non-Grounding Temperature Inversion in Winter and Summer of Recent Ten Years in Fuzhou Season, Timne Summer Winter Item 7 o'clock 19 o'clock 7 o'clock 19 o'clock Frequency 60 28 75 70 Bottom height m 1811 1952 1546 1704 Average thickness m 223.6 198.8 459.6 315.7 Average strength --/lOOm 0.66 0.69 0.67 1.22 Maximum strength [3/lOOm 1.70 1.53 2.71 4.33 4) Statistics of Stability The predominant stability in winter and summer in Fuzhou is Class D, especially in winter. The frequency in winter can reach 73.6 , while in summer the frequency of stability(E+F) gets similar with that of instability(A+B+C). In winter the frequency of stable atmosphere is I time as that of non-stable atmosphere. See Table 6.3-5. Table 6.3-5 The frequency of Atmosphere Stability in Winter and Summer in Fuzhou Season, Time Item A B C D E F Summer 2.6 11.4 6.8 59.6 10.7 8.7 Winter 0.1 3.3 5.2 73.6 9.5 7.7 5) Distribution of Combined Frequency of Wind Direction, Wind Speed and Stability The distribution statistics of average combined frequency of January and July of many years in Fuzhou indicates that(for details, refer to Table 7.2-6 and 6.2-7): in July, due to the southeast monsoon, under the stability of Class D, wind direction is southeasterly and wind speed is higher than 6m/s, the combined frequency can reach 7.7% (the maximum frequency is 7%. When the wind speed is 5.0-5.9m/s, the combined frequency is 4.1%. The combined frequency in January is 17.3% and 17% respectively. The predominant stability in this area is Class D. The vertical diffusion capability of atmosphere is weak while the wind speed and frequency are high and the capability of horizontal delivery of atmosphere is strong, which are helpful for delivery and diffusion of pollutants to the distance and reduction of impact of pollutants on local area. 6) Thickness of Mixed Layer Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 116 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Statistics indicates that: the average thickness of mixed layer in Autumn in Fuzhou is maximum while minimum in Spring. Throughout the year, the maximum thickness of mixed layer is 2,101.1m at 14 o'clock in Summer; the minimum thickness of mixed layer is only 619.5m at 8 o'clock in Spring. As per daily changes, from deep night to morning, the height of mixed layer is generally lower with bad thermal condition, which is unfavor of dilution diffusion of pollutants in the vertical direction; in the afternoon of Spring and Sumnmer and in the evening of Autumn and Winter, the mixed layer is thicker with good thermal condition, which is favor of wide range of diffusion and dilution of pollutants and reduction of pollution of near strata. Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 117 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project July in Fuzhou ( Table 6.3-6 Distribution of Combined Frequency of Atmosphere Stability, Wind Direction and Wind Speed of WSW W WNW NW NNW C Wind Stability N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW speed 1.9 1.9 A 0.0-0.9 4.7 4.7 B 0.0 C 8.5 8.5 D 2.3 2.3 E '3.4 ______3.4 F ______0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.7 1.0-1.9 A 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 B 0.0 C 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.2 3.9 D 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.0 E 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 2.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 01 0.6 0.2 0. 0.1 0.2 F 0.0 2.0-2.9 A 0.2 0.2 0.1 1.7 B 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 1.9 C 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.8 0.8 6.7 D 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.2 1.5 E 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 3.2 F 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 1.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 3.0-3.9 A 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.5 B 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 1.2 C 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.1 6.7 D 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 1.7 3.3 0.7 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4 2.7 E 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.8 1.3 0.2 0.0 F 0.0 4.0-4.9 A 1.5 B 0.1 0.1 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.2 C 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 6.7 D 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.1 1.2 3.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 2.7 E 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.3 0.1 __0.0 ______F _ ___ 0.1 2.4 5.0-5.9 C 0.1 0.1 0.6 1.2 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 8.0 D 0.1 0.2 0.3 1.8 4.1 0.4 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 16.3 >6.0 D 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.1 3.5 7.7 1.0 1.5 0.2 1.8 2.7 2.3 3.5 3.1 2.6 20.8 99.3 Total 3.0 1.9 2.7 1.8 0.6 12.0 28.8 5.5 5.2 1.6 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 118 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 6.3-7 Distribution Combined Frequency of Atmosphere Stability Wind Direction and Wind Speed of January in Fuzhou (%) Wind Stability N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW C Speed SS S 0.0-0.9 A 0.1 0.1 B 1.5 1.5 C 0.0 D 15.2 15.2 E 2.7 2.7 F 2.9 2.9 1.0-1.9 A 0.0 B 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 1.0 C 0.0 D 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 1.0 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.6 1.1 1.1 8.0 E 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.8 F 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.2 1.2 2.0-2.9 A 0.0 B 0.1 0.1 0.2 C 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.9 D 2.0 1.7 1.0 0.3 0.3 1.8 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.6 1.3 0.9 2.1 1.8 2.1 17.3 E 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 1.9 F 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.2 3.6 3.0-3.9 A 0.0 B 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5 C 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 2.1 D 2.5 2.2 2.1 1.0 0.4 0.2 2.4 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.6 1.1 1.0 1.8 17.0 E 0.5 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.6 3.0 ______F ______0.0 4.0-4.9 A 0.0 B 0.1 0.1 C 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 1.0 D 0.7 1.5 1.4 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.3 6.6 E 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 1.1 F 0.0 5.0-5.9 C 0.1 0.1 0.2 D 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1 1.1 0.2 0.5 0.6 4.7 >6.0 D 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.6 0.1 1.7 0.8 4.8 Total 7.6 8.3 6.8 3.4 1.0 2.3 10.3 3.9 1.9 1.5 1.2 2.4 3.8 8.4 7.7 6.5 22.3 99.4 Guangzhou Environment Protect Research Institute 119 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project 633 Forecasting model On a busy road, the emission of emission of motor vehicles is generally considered as linear source. Mostly Gaussian Mode of statistics is used to stimulate the diffusion rule of emission of motor vehicles and estimate the concentration distribution of pollutants in emission of motor vehicles. Since 1970's, a serial of diffusion modes of emission of motor vehicles on roads have been developed in the countries such as America. Now the diffusion mode of linear source- CALINE4 can be used to predict the impact of emission of emission of motor vehicles on the ambient air quality of Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RR/II and Kuiqi Bridge. CALINE 4 mode is to divide roads into a serial of linear sources and respectively count the concentration of pollutants exhausted by each linear source at predicted site, and then sum up the total concentration of pollutants in emission exhausted by motor vehicles at predicted sites on the whole road. CALINE 4 divides limited linear source into sections as per the length of oy and source strength of each section is the source strength of linear source (A) times a Weight Factor, which is used to count the impact of six linear sources within ±3cry on predicted sites. If the line section exceeds this range, the impact is little, so the time for counting can be saved. Therefore, the concentration of pollutants produced at predicted sites of the whole road can be predicted by: c=+ E{fr' [exp( tZ+H) )+exp( Z-H )]XZ(WT. xQ" xPDU)} -J;uu1=1 72a 2,J Thereinto: C--- Concentration of pollutants at Coordinate X, Y and Z of low wind direction, mg/il; u---Average wind speed m/s; H---Height of emission source of pollutants m; WTj-Weight Factor; Qj---Linear source intensity of section j mg/(m.s); cz---Diffusion parameter in vertical direction m; Z-Height from predicted sites to ground (m); N---Total numbers of linear sources; PDij-Normal distribution function PDj = f,__exp(-2 )dP Initial dilution zone in CALINE 4 is used to stimulate the impact of movement of motor vehicles on diffusion of emission of motor vehicles. The width of initial dilution zone is the width of road plus 3m of two sides which show the impact of movement of motor vehicles on horizontal diffusion of emission. In the dilution zone, atmosphere diffusion is mainly mechanical turbulence produced by movement of motor vehicles and thermal turbulence produced from residual heat of emission. The pollutants in emission exhausted by motor vehicles are mixed evenly in initial dilution zone. The height of initial dilution zone depends on the retention time (T) of pollutants in emission of motor vehicles in dilution zone. 120 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project T= 2uxsin6 (0Ž450) T= 2ux45° (0<450) Thereinto: W refers to the width of dilution zone u refers to the wind speed on ground 0 refers to the corner of wind direction and road. The height of initial dilution zone can be defined as: rz(m) = 1.5 + 0.1 x T 2) Access of Diffusion Parameters The diffusion parameters in common use (or through actual measuring) in Fuzhou can be used. 63.4 Forecast of Impact of Emission of Motor Vehicles on Both Sides of Roads 63.4.1 Main Contents of Forecast Main contents of forecast: (1) In the predominant wind direction (South-southeast), when the stability of NO2 and CO is at B, D and E respectively, the ground concentration increasing distribution; (2) In the (north wind), when the stability of NO2 and CO is at B, D and E respectively, the ground concentration increasing distribution; (3) The ground concentration increasing distribution in the predominant south-southeast wind and north wind and under the bad weather (wind speed lm/s, E stability). 63.4.2 Time Step of Forecast As the characteristics of roads and annual peak hours of flow of motor vehicles have been predicted respectively, the concentration increasing distribution status of air pollutants on both sides of roads. 63.43 The Results of Forecast Since the air pollutants exhausted by motor vehicles are NOX, while the state quality standard is NO2, in order to analyze the impact of N02 on ambient air, relevant research about emission of emission of motor vehicles and ambient air quality indicates that the proportion coefficient of NOX and N02 is 0.63-0.5, when the proportion coefficient of suburb is the maximum, that of city is the minimum. As far as present, the roads of the Project lie at not only busy section but also suburb, while from the general development plan of Fuzhou, we know that the roads of the Project lie in city, therefore, in 121 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project NOX analysis this time, coefficient 0.6 is adopted to convert NOX calculation results into N02. (1) Forecast Results of Air Quality of Nanjiang Binlu, (Table 63-8-63-19) The results of modeling for Nanjiang Binlu are shown in Table 6.3.6-6.3.19. Table 6.3-8 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section 3 from Aofengzhou Bridge to Qianhengnan Road in 2010 mg/m North wind Bad weather condition co Distance(Southem NO 2 _co_NO 2 side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.044 0.047 0.133 0.140 0.088 0.263 10 0.039 0.043 0.117 0.129 0.086 0.256 25 0.029 0.035 0.086 0.104 0.079 0.237 50 0.020 0.026 0.059 0.078 0.071 0.211 100 0.012 0.017 0.036 0.052 0.058 0.172 150 0.008 0.013 0.026 0.038 0.049 0.146 200 0.007 0.010 0.020 0.031 0.042 0.126 300 0.005 0.007 0.014 0.022 0.033 0.099 Table 6.3-9 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section 3 from Aofengzhou Bridge to Qianhengnan Road in 2015 mg/m North wind Bad weather condition NO co Distance(Southem NO2 _co 2 side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.064 0.067 0.190 0.201 0.126 0.377 10 0.056 0.062 0.168 0.185 0.122 0.367 25 0.041 0.050 0.122 0.149 0.113 0.340 50 0.028 0.037 0.084 0.112 0.101 0.302 100 0.017 0.025 0.051 0.074 0.082 0.247 150 0.013 0.019 0.037 0.055 0.070 0.209 0.180 200 0.010 0.014 0.029 0.044 0.060 300 0.007 0.010 0.020 0.031 0.047 0.142 122 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 6.3-10 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Qianhengnan Road in 2020 mg/rn3 North wind Bad weather condition Distance( Southern NO 2 CO NO2 CO side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.067 0.071 0.200 0.211 0.133 0.398 10 0.059 0.065 0.177 0.195 0.129 0.387 25 0.043 0.052 0.129 0.157 0.119 0.358 50 0.029 0.039 0.088 0.118 0.106 0.318 100 0.018 0.026 0.054 0.078 0.087 0.260 150 0.013 0.019 0.039 0.058 0.073 0.220 200 0.010 0.016 0.030 0.046 0.064 0.190 300 0.007 0.011 0.021 0.033 0.050 0.150 Table 6.3-11 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge in 2010 mg/rn3 North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southem NO2 co NOx co side of road) NO2C__°X_ B D B D E E 5 0.071 0.074 0.212 0.224 0.148 0.444 10 0.062 0.068 0.185 0.205 0.144 0.431 25 0.045 0.055 0.134 0.164 0.132 0.395 50 0.031 0.041 0.091 0.121 0.115 0.346 100 0.019 0.026 0.055 0.079 0.092 0.276 150 0.013 0.020 0.039 0.059 0.077 0.230 200 0.010 0.016 0.031 0.047 0.066 0.197 300 0.007 0.011 0.021 0.033 0.051 0.153 Table 6.3-12 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge in 2015 mg/rn3 North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southem NO2 co NO2 co side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.086 0.091 0.257 0.271 0.181 0.539 10 0.075 0.083 0.225 0.249 0.175 0.522 25 0.055 0.067 0.162 0.199 0.160 0.478 50 0.037 0.049 0.110 0.147 0.140 0.419 100 0.022 0.032 0.067 0.096 0.112 0.335 150 0.016 0.024 0.048 0.071 0.094 0.279 200 0.013 0.019 0.037 0.057 0.080 0.239 300 0.008 0.013 0.026 0.040 0.062 0.185 123 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 6.3-13 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Apfengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge in 2020 mg/m3 North wind Bad weather condition co Distance(Southem NO2 co NO2 side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.168 0.178 0.302 0.319 0.353 0.633 10 0.147 0.163 0.264 0.293 0.342 0.614 25 0.106 0.130 0.191 0.233 0.313 0.562 50 0.072 0.097 0.129 0.173 0.274 0.493 100 0.044 0.063 0.078 0.113 0.220 0.394 150 0.031 _0.047 0.056 0.084 0.183 0.328 200 0.024 0.037 0.044 0.067 0.157 0.281 300 0.017 0.026 0.030 0.047 0.121 0.218 Table 6.3-14 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Qianhengnan Road to Aofengzhou Bridge in 2010 mg/m3 South-southeast wind Bad weather condition co Distance(Northem NO 2 _co NO2 side of road) B D B D E E. 5 0.032 0.034 0.096 0.101 0.084 0.251 10 0.028 0.031 0.084 0.092 0.082 0.244 25 0.020 0.025 0.061 0.073 0.076 0.226 50 0.014 0.019 0.041 0.055 0.068 0.203 100 0.008 0.012 0.025 0.037 0.058 0.174 150 0.006 0.009 0.018 0.028 0.051 0.153 200 0.005 0.007 0.014 0.022 0.045 0.135 300 0.003 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.084 0.106 Table 6.3-15 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section 3 from Qianhengnan Road to Aofengzhou Bridge in 2015 mg/m South-southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northem NO2 CO NO2 CO side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.046 0.048 0.137 0.144 0.120 0.360 10 0.040 0.044 0.120 0.131 0.117 0.350 25 0.029 0.035 0.088 0.104 0.108 0.324 50 0.020 0.026 0.059 0.079 0.097 0.291 100 0.012 0.017 0.036 0.053 0.083 0.249 150 0.009 0.013 0.026 0.040 0.073 0.219 200 0.007 0.010 0.020 0.031 0.064 0.193 300 0.005 0.007 0.014 0.022 0.050 0.151 Table 6.3-16 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section 3 from Qianhengnan Road to Aofengzhou Bridge in 2020 mg/rn 124 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project South-southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northem NO2 co NO2 co side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.048 0.050 0.145 0.152 0.133 0.398 10 0.042 0.046 0.126 0.139 0.129 0.387 25 0.031 0.037 0.092 0.110 0.119 0.358 50 0.020 0.028 0.062 0.083 0.106 0.318 100 0.013 0.019 0.038 0.055 0.087 0.260 150 0.009 0.014 0.027 0.042 0.073 0.220 200 0.007 0.011 0.021 0.033 0.064 0.190 300 0.005 0.008 0.014 0.023 0.050 0.150 Table 6.3-17 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge in 2010 mg/m3 South-southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northern NO2 co N 2 co side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.050 0.053 0.152 0.159 0.142 0.425 10 0.044 0.048 0.132 0.145 0.137 0.412 25 0.032 0.038 0.097 0.115 0.126 0.377 50 0.021 0.029 0.063 0.086 0.113 0.338 100 0.013 0.019 0.039 0.057 0.095 0.286 150 0.009 0.014 0.028 0.042 0.082 0.246 200 0.007 0.011 0.021 0.033 0.070 0.211 300 0.005 0.008 0.014 0.023 0.053 0.161 Table 6.3-18 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge in 2015 mg/m3 South-southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northem NO 2 co NO 2 co side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.061 0.064 0.184 0.192 0.173 0.516 10 0.054 0.059 0.161 0.175 0.167 0.500 25 0.039 0.047 0.117 0.139 0.153 0.458 50 0.025 0.035 0.076 0.104 0.137 0.410 100 0.016 0.023 0.047 0.069 0.116 0.347 150 0.011 0.017 0.034 0.051 0.100 0.298 200 0.008 0.013 0.026 0.040 0.086 0.255 300 0.006 0.009 0.017 0.028 0.065 0.195 125 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 6.3-19 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the section 3 from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge in 2020 mg/mr South-southeast wind Bad weather condition co Distance(Northem NO2 co NO side of road) O D B D E E B D B D E E 5 0.120 0.126 0.216 0.226 0.338 0.606 10 0.105 0.115 0.189 0.206 0.327 0.587 25 0.077 0.091 0.138 0.164 0.300 0.538 50 0.050 0.068 0.089 0.123 0.268 0.482 100 0.031 0.046 0.056 0.082 0.227 0.408 150 0.022 0.034 0.039 0.060 0.195 0.350 200 0.017 0.026 0.030 0.047. 0.167 0.300 300 0.011 0.018 0.021 0.033 0.128 0.229 (2) For Forecast Results of Air environment of the 3RR/II (Table 6.3-20-6.3-27) The results of modeling for air quality impacts of 3RR/II are presented in Table 6.3.20-6.3.27. Table 6.3-20 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section 3 from Wanbian Bridge to Fuxia Flyover in Peak Hours of 2010 (mg/m ) North wind Bad weather condition co Distance(Southem NO2 co NO2 side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.112 0.118 0.348 0.364 0.184 0.569 10 0.101 0.110 0.314 0.340 0.181 0.560 25 0.078 0.092 0.241 0.285 0.173 0.536 50 0.056 0.072 0.173 0.224 0.162 0.501 100 0.036 0.050 0.111 0.156 0.143 0.442 150 0.026 0.038 0.081 0.119 0.128 0.395 200 0.021 0.031 0.064 0.097 0.116 0.358 300 0.014 0.023 0.045 0.070 0.097 0.300 126 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 6.3-21 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emnission of Motor Vehicles on the Section from Wanbian Bridge to Fuxia Flyover in 2020 (mg/m3 ) North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southem N02 CO N02 CO side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.141 0.147 0.436 0.455 0.230 0.712 10 0.127 0.138 0.393 0.426 0.227 0.702 25 0.098 0.115 0.302 0.357 0.217 0.672 50 0.070 0.091 0.217 0.280 0.203 0.627 100 0.045 0.063 0.139 0.195 0.179 0.554 150 0.033 0.048 0.102 0.149 0.160 0.495 200 0.026 0.039 0.080 0.121 0.145 0.448 300 0.018 0.028 0.057 0.088 0.121 0.376 Table 6.3-22 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section from Fuxia Flyover to Kuiqi Bridge in 2010 (mg/n 3 ) North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southem N side of road) NO CO N02 CO B D B D E E 5 - 0.110 0.115 0.340 0.356 0.180 0.556 10 0.099 0.107 0.307 0.333 0.177 0.548 25 0.076 0.090 0.236 0.279 0.169 0.525 50 0.055 0.071 0.170 0.219 0.158 0.490 100 0.035 0.049 0.108 0.152 0.140 0.432 150 0.026 0.038 0.079 0.117 0.125 0.387 200 0.020 0.031 0.063 0.095 0.113 0.350 300 0.014 0.022 0.044 0.069 0.095 0.294 Table 6.3-23 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section from Fuxia Flyover to Kuiqi Bridge in 2020 (mg/mi) North wind Bad weather condition Distance(Southem NO2 co NO2 co side of road) NO_z_C______C B D B D E E 5 0.265 0.277 0.492 0.514 0.434 0.804 10 0.239 0.259 0.443 0.481 0.427 0.792 25 0.184 0.217 0.341 0.403 0.409 0.759 50 0.132 0.170 0.245 0.316 0.382 0.708 100 0.085 0.119 0.157 0.220 0.337 0.625 150 0.062 0.091 0.115 0.169 0.301 0.559 200 0.049 0.074 0.091 0.137 0.272 0.506 300 0.034 0.053 0.064 0.099 0.229 0.425 127 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 6.3-24 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section 3 from Wanbian Bridge to Fuxia Flyover in 2010 (mg/m ) Southeast wind Bad weather condition CO Distance(Northern NO2 CO NO2 side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.085 0.089 0.262 0.275 0.173 0.536 10 0.075 0.082 0.232 0.254 0.170 0.528 25 0.056 0.067 0.172 0.206 0.164 0.506 50 0.040 0.050 0.122 0.157 0.153 0.473 100 0.025 0.035 0.077 0.108 0.136 0.422 150 0.018 0.027 0.056 0.083 0.125 0.387 200 0.014 0.022 0.045 0.068 0.116 0.359 300 0.010 0.016 0.032 0.050 0.102 0.316 Table 6.3-25 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section 3 from Wanbian Bridge to Fuxia Flyover in 2020 (mg/m ) Southeast wind Bad weather condition CO Distance(Northern NO2 CO NO2 side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.176 0.185 0.328 0.344 0.362 0.671 10 0.157 0.171 0.290 0.318 0.356 0.662 25 0.116 0.139 0.216 0.257 0.341 0.634 50 0.083 0.106 0.153 0.196 0.319 0.593 100 0.052 0.073 0.096 0.136 0.285 0.529 150 0.038 0.056 0.070 0.104 0.261 0.485 200 0.031 0.046 0.056 0.085 0.242 0.450 300 0.022 0.034 0.040 0.062 0.213 0.396 Table 6.3-26 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section 3 from Fuxia Flyover to Kuiqi Bridge in 2010 (mg/m ) Southeast wind Bad weather condition CO Distance(Northem NO2 CO NO2 side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.083 0.087 0.256 0.269 0.169 0.524 10 0.073 0.080 0.227 0.248 0.167 0.517 25 0.055 0.065 0.169 0.201 0.160 0.495 50 0.038 0.049 0.120 0.153 0.149 0.463 100 0.024 0.034 0.075 0.106 0.133 0.413 150 0.017 0.026 0.055 0.081 0.122 0.379 200 0.014- 0.022 0.044 0.066 0.113 0.352 300 0.010 0.016 0.031 0.049 0.100 0.309 128 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 6.3-27 Concentration Distribution of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on the Section from Fuxia Flyover to Kuiqi Bridge in 2020 (mg/m3 ) Southeast wind Bad weather condition Distance(Northern NO 2 CO NO 2 CO side of road) B D B D E E 5 0.199 0.209 0.370 0.389 0.409 0.758 10 0.176 0.193 0.328 0.359 0.403 0.747 25 0.131 0.157 0.244 0.291 0.386 0.716 50 0.094 0.119 0.173 0.221 0.361 0.669 100 0.058 0.082 0.108 0.153 0.322 0.597 150 0.043 0.063 0.079 0.117 0.295 0.547 200 0.034 0.052 0.064 0.096 0.274 0.508 300 0.024 0.038 0.045 0.070 0.241 0.447 (3) Forecast Results of Ambient Air Impact on Kuiqi Bridge (Table 6.3-28-6.3-29). The modeling results for Kuiqi bridge are presented in Table 6.3.28 through 6.3.29. Table 6.3-28 Concentration Distribution Status of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on Both Sides of Roads in 2010 (mg/n 3) Eastem side of road| Distanc North wind(2.4m/s) In cahn wind e (m) _ I N02 CO I NO, e() B ID E 3 I D E B D |E I B |D E 5 30.17 0.40 0.53 0.06 0.15 0.20 0.20 0.25 0.32 0.08 0.09 0.124 39 21 3 7 4 4 84 35 42 0 7 10 0.13 0.29 0.37 0.05 0.11 0.14 0.15 0.18 0.23 0.06 0.07009 10 04 36 61 0 2 4 79 87 78 0 2 25 0.07 0.13 0.14 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.11 0.03 0.03 0.043 27 28 85 8 1 7 48 5 31 2 6 50 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.015 50 61 01 16 4 5 2 84 75 92 5 4 1 00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.002 14 26 05 4 1 0 95 62 44 4 2 ______150 37 0.001 0 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.00 0.00 ~~~~0.000.00 200 0.00 0 0 0.00 0 0 04 01 0 0 0 300 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 _ _ _ _ Western side of road Distanc Sou heast wind(2.4m/s) In calm wind l e (m) co NO, co NO2 e(m) B D E B I D E B I D E B D | E 5 o0.17 0.23 0.24 0.06 0.09 0.09 0.56 0.97 0.04 0.21 0.375 ______03 59 35 5 0 3 58 8 6 10 0.15 0.22 0.24 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.09 0.46 0.80 0.03 0.17 0.309 ______69 95 08 0 8 2 82 47 65 8 8 ______25 0.14 0.22 0.23 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.06 0.30 0.52 0.02 0.11 0.201 25______56 107 48 6 5 0 33 15 58 4 5 _ 0.201 _ 50 0.10 0.21 0.23 0.04 0.08 0.09 0.03 0.18 0.33 0.01 0.07 0.126 ______51 25 97 0 1 2 92 88 04 5 2 ______1 129 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 0.18 0.00 0.04 0.071 0.16 0.20 0.02 0.06 0.07 0.02 0.10 _ _ _ _ _ 100 0.064 , 06 64 4 1 9 16 59 63 8 1 0.12 0.16 01 0.04 0.06 0.01 0.07 0.12 0.00 0.02 0.048 150 0.0471 39 78 8 7 4 45 16 66 6 7 0.036 0.03 0.10 0.13 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.09 0.00 0.02 200 64 15 99 0 9 4 06 26 34 0 0 0.10 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.022 300__300 0.0237 0.0747 62 0.009 9 1 65 18 65 2 2002 Table 6.3-29 Concentration Distribution Status of Pollutants in Emission of Motor Vehicles on Both Sides of Roads in 2020 (mg/rn3 ) Eastern side of road Distanc North wind(2.4m/s) In calm wind NO,, eistmn CO NO2 co e(_ ) _JB D E B D E B D E B D E 0257 5 0.38 0.89 1.18 0.13 0.31 0.42 0.46 0.56 0.71 0.16 0202 62 29 35 8 9 3 28 3 99 5 1 0.28 0.65 0.83 0.10 0.23 0.29 0.35 0.41 0.52 0.12 0.15 0.189 95 19 52 3 3 9 07 91 81 5 0 0.07 0.090 25 0.16 0.29 0.32 0.05 0.10 0.11 0.18 0.21 0.25 0.06 25 15 48 97 8 5 8 82 1 12 7 5 .9 0.03 0.031 50 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.08 0.08 0.08 0.03 02 91 01 9 2 5 52 32 71 0 0 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.003 100 53 57 9 2 0 11 38 98 8 5 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 15010 82 02 3 049 1 8 07 2 1 0 200 0.00 0 0 0.00 0 0 0.00 0.0 0 0 0 24 - 0 1 02 0 300 01°° 0 0 0.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 01 0_ Western side of road rDistanceR Southeast wind(2.4mi/s) rIn calm wvind I B |D | E | {( ) [ B D I E B D E |B |D |E 0.44 * t [ 0.37 0.52 0.54 0.13 0.18 0.19 0.26 1.25 2.17 0.09 _ 0777 81 38 07 5 7 3 65 63 32 5 9 0640 1 10 0.34 0.50 0.53 0.12 0.18 0.19 0.21 1.03 1.79 0.07 0.36 10 84 96 47 5 2 1 81 19 08 8 9 ______0.417 25 t0.32 0.49 0.52 0.11 0.17 0.18 0.14 0.66 1.16 0.05 0.23 25 33 23 14 6 6 6 06 95 75 0 9 0.15 t 50 00.23 0.47 0.53 0.08 0.16 0.19 0.08 0.41 0.73 0.03 50 134 1 9 22 3 9 0 70 92 36 1 0 0148 100 1 0.14 0.35 0.45 0.05 0.12 0.16 0.04 0.23 0.41 0.01 0.08 21 66 83 1 7 4 80 51 37 7 4 0.05 0.101 150 °0.10 0.27 0.37 0.03 0.09 0.13 0.03 0.15 0.28 0.01 10 46 51 26 7 8 3 22 90 11 1 7 011 0074 0200 10.08 0.22 0.31 0.00 0.08 0.11 0.02 0.11 0.20 0.00 0.04 08 54 06 0 1 1 35 68 74 0 2 ______300 0.05 0.16 0.23 0.01 0.05 0.08 0.01 0.07 0.12 0.00 0.02 0045 010 I 300 26 59 58 9 9 4 1 44 06 55 5 1 5 63.4.4 Assessment of Impact on Both Sides of Roads (1) Concentration Distribution of CO on Both Sides of Road The forecast results indicate that the concentration of pollutant CO in emission exhausted by motor in vehicles on all the sections of the Project can meet the requirements of local environmental function characteristics predicting years. 130 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 1) Nanjiang Binlu: The forecast results indicate that in predicted characteristic years, the concentrations of CO on both sides of all sections will be low, not exceeding the requirement of ambient air quality Class II. This result implies that the impact of Nanjiang Binlu operation will have limited impacts to the ambient air quality to the areas on both sides of the road. 2) The 3RR/II: Concentrations of CO at 5 meters in low in the wind direction: the long-term concentration of CO (in 2020) is only 0.492 and 0.514 mg/m3 under the instability and neutral stability, respectively. Under poor (stable) weather conditions, the maximum concentration of CO will be 0.804 mg/rn3. 3) Kuiqi Bridge: The forecast results indicate that in predicted characteristic years, the concentration of CO on both sides of all sections is low, not exceeding the requirement of ambient air quality Class * . (2) Concentration Distribution of NO2 on Both Sides of the Road 1) Nanjiang Binlu: As per forecast, under common weather condition, NO 2 on both sides of roads will not exceed the standard in the characteristic years of 2010, 2015 and 2020. Under bad weather condition, NOx in emission of motor vehicles will have a great effect on NO2 of both sides of roads. In the characteristic year of 2020, the concentration impact value of NO2 on both sides of section from Aofengzhou Bridge to Sanxianzhou Bridge will reach 0.27mg/m3 at 50m from outside of road. After Nanjiang Binlu will have been built, pollution zone of NO2 with different width will come into being in the low wind direction along the road. 2) At 5m in the low wind direction of the 3RR/II: as per forecast, under common weather condition, except that the impact concentration of NO2 on the section from Fuxia Flyover to. Kuiqi Bridge will exceed ClassE in 2020, the impact concentration of NO2 on other sections will not exceed Class -_ of ambient air quality in all the predicted characteristic years. Under bad weather condition, in the characteristic year of 2020, NO2 of the whole section, i.e., Wanbian Bridge-Fuxia Flyover and Fuxia Flyover-Kuiqi Bridge, will exceed ClassCI of ambient air quality at 5m outside of road, while in other characteristic years, the impact concentration of NO2 on both sides of all sections will not. 3) Kuiqi Bridge: Under common weather condition, NO2 exhausted by motor vehicles will have an effect on ambient air of both sides of bridge, however, the impact value of NO2 at lOm outside of bridge will not exceed Class-- of ambient air quality and the pollutants almost distribute within 50m of both sides of bridge. Under bad weather condition, N02 exhausted by motor vehicles will have a great effect on ambient air on both sides of bridge, for example, at 5m outside of bridge in 2020, the impact value of N02 is 131 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pefi-Urban Development Project 0.257mng1m3 when northerly breeze is stable, while the imnpact value of N02 is 0.777mg1m3 when southeasterly breeze is stable. 6.3.5 Impact on Sensitive points 63.5.1 Nanjiang Binlu: There are 8 sensitive points of enviromnment air within 300m along both sides, namely residence on Cangqian Road, Yinghua English School, Anlan Assembly Hall, Pacific City, residence from the Second Minji ang Bridge to Paper Manufacturer, Fanchuanpu Catholic Church, and residence on eastern side of South Qianheng Road and residence on western side of South Qianheng Road. These sensitive points mainly distribute on the section from Aofengzhou Bridge and Xianzhou Bridge. The forecast results of mode indicate that the concentration of pollutants in emission exhausted by motor vehicles on all sections will descend within 50m in the low wind direction; outside of 300m,4 the concentration is low and will change a little with the increasing of distance in low wind direction. For impact of emission of motor vehicles on sensitive points, see Table 6.3-30 and 6.3-3 1. Table 6.3-30 Under Normal Conditions, the Imipact to Sensitive Receptors (mg/in) S/ ~~~~~~Nearest 2010 2015 2020 co NO N Name istance distance co NO2 co NO2 2 Residence on K 1+445'- Sote 1 Cangqian Kl+476 side 0.224 0.074 0.271 0.091 0.319 0.178 Road 6 1.5'-2m ___ Yinghua K1+593- Southern 2 English Kl+614 side 0.224 0.074 0.271 0.091 0.319 0.178 School 3 m ___ Anlan K 1+630-- Southern 3 Assembly K185 side 0.224 0.074 0.271 0.091. 0.319 0.178 Hall 1+0 2m 1(2+15'-- Southern 4 Pacific City K 14- side 0.164 0.055 0.199 0.067 0.233 0.130 K2+235 19.5 m ___ Second Minjiang K2+235- Southern 5 Bridge'- K(2+315 side of road 0.205 0.068 0.249 0.083 0.293 0.163 Paper 1'-7m Manufacturer Fanchuanpu ~~Passing 6 Catholic K 31 truh 0.224 0.074 0.271 0.091 0.319 0.178 Church K2+350 northern Church ~~~~~side______GKO+000 Eastern side 1.5---7.5m Residence on GKO+370____ eastern side GKO+425 Eastern side 7 of South Sm Qianheng GKO+685 Road GKO+7 15 Eastern side Sm GKI+090 132 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project GKO+000 Westem Residence on- - side western side GKO+370 1-27.5m 8 of South GKO+425 Western Qianheng -G side Road KO+685 7-12m Table 6.3-31 Under Stable Conditions, the Impact to Sensitive Receptors (mg/m3) _/ Nearest 2010 2015 2020 N Name istance distance CO NO2 CO NO2 CO NO2 N (im) Residence on Southern 1 Cangqian K1+4457 side 0.444 0.148 0.539 0.181 0.633 0.353 Road KI46 1.5---2m Yinghua K 1+593- Southern 2 English 1d+6e4 ssi 0.444 0.148 0.539 0.181 0.633 0.353 __ School KI 4 3 m Anlan Ki+630- Southern 3 Assembly K1+850 side 0.444 0.148 0.539 0.181 0.633 0.353 __ Hall l80 2 m K2+145- Southern 4 Pacific City sK2+145side 0.395 0.132 0.478 0.160 0.562 0.313 K2+235 19.5 mn Second Minjiang Southern 5 Bridge-- K2+235 side of road 0.431 0.144 0.522 0.175 0.614 0.342 Paper K2+315 17m Manufacturer Fanchuanpu ~~Passing 6 anchuap K2+315- through 0.444 0.148 0.539 0.181 0.633 0.353 Church K2+350 northern Church ~~~~~side GKO+000 Eastern side 1.5-7.5m Residence on GKO+370 eastern side GKO+425 Eastern side 7 of South ' 5m Qianheng GKO+685 Road GKO+715 Eastern side Sm GK1 +090 GKO+000 Western Residence on side western side side 8 of South GKO±370 1---27.5m ___ 8 of South GKO+425 Western RQanheng -G side . __ Road KO+685 7-12m From Table 6.3-30 and Table 6.3-31, we know that under common weather condition, the concentration of CO and NO2 on both sides of road can be up to standard; under bad weather condition, the concentration of CO on both sides of road in 2008, 2015 and 2027 can be up to standard and also presents the trend of rising. The concentration of NO2 on both sides of road in 2008 and 2015 will meet 133 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project the standard while that of pollutants on both sides of road in 2027 will exceed the standard. 3 3 The air quality standard of all sensitive points is: CO 1Omg/rn NO2 0.24mg/mr . Thus it can be known that the concentration of NO2 at all sensitive points along the road in 2020 will increase greatly, exceeding the assessment standard value. 63.5.2 The 3RR/II: There are 8 sensitive points of environment air within 300m along both sides, namely residence at Wanbian Village, residence at Shangqi Village, residence of Yangqi Village, residence at Wushan Village, Pushan Temple, Shigong Temple at Wufeng Village, residence at Wufeng Village, Yixu Water Plant, Xiazhou Village at Pukou, residences at Qianyuan Village and Aoshan Village, Fujian College of Information and Technology and residence at Duyuan Village. The forecast results of mode indicate that the concentration of pollutants in emission exhausted by motor vehicles on all sections will descend rapidly within 50m in the low wind direction; outside of 300m, the concentration is low and will change a little with the increasing of distance in low wind direction. For impact of emission of motor vehicles on sensitive points, see Table 6.3-32 and 6.3-33. 3 Table 6.3-32 Under Common Conditions, the Impact to Sensitive Receptors (mg/m ) Nearest 2010 2020 S/N Name istance Distance CO NO2 CO NO2 1 Wanbian Village KO+000-KI+323 Southem6side 0.34 0.11 0.426 0.138 1- 6.5m ______ 2 Shangqi Village K0+672- K0+777 Northe1 side 0.254 0.082 0.318 0.171 Southernside 0.34 0.11 0.426 0.138 Northemsd 3 Yangqi3 Yangqi VillageVillageKO+833'-Kl+217 Nort33heK1+2171-16m 0.254 0.082 0.318 0.171 4 Wushan Village K3+280-K3+655 Northern side 0.254 0.082 0.318 0.171 WushnVilageK3+20~-K+655 14'-36m 5 Pushan Temple K3+410-K3+455 Northern side 0.254 0.082 0.318 0.171 ______8m_ _ _ 6 Shigong Temple at Wufeng K4+120PK4+150 Passng 0.275 0.089 0.344 0.185 Village K410-410 through road K4+200-K4+334 Northem side 0.275 0.089 0.344 0.185 2.5~-13M K4+715 K4+791 Northern side 0.206 0.067 0.257 0.139 7 Wufeng VillageWufeg VilageK4+75'-K+791 22~-47m K4+515-K4+575 Southern side 0.364 0.118 0.455 0.147 ______I- 4 .5 8 Yixu Water Plant K4+575-K4+715 Southem side 0.34 0.11 0.426 0.138 0.275 0.089 0.344 0.185 Village at Pukou K6+750-K6+916 Northern side ___ 9 Xiazhou XiahouVilaga Puou K6+50K6+16 2--36m ______ 134 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project =K6+815K6+870 1Southeside 0.364 0.118 0.455 0.147 l - -13m K7+257-K7+823 Northern side 0.275 0.089 0.344 0.185 Qianyuan Village and 1- 18m Aoshan Village K7+173'-K7+378 Southern side 0.364 0.118 0.455 0.147 Fujian College of Passing 11 Information and K7+780-K7+935 through 0.275 0.089 0.344 0.185 Technology northern side 12 Duyuan Village K7+947-K8+158 Southern side 0.364 0.118 0.455 0.147 ______2______3'-53m0 36 . 1 045 0 1 7 Table 6.3-33 Under Table Conditions, Impact of Emission to Sensitive Receptors (mg/mr3 ) Nearest 2010 2020 S/N Name istance distance CO NO 2 CO NO 2 1 Wanbian Village KO+000-Kl+323 Southern side 0.569 0.184 0.712 0.23 1- 16. m 2 Shangqi Village KO+672-KO+777 Northern side 0.536 0.173 0.671 0.362 1 - 17m ____ Southern side 0.56 0.181 0.702 0.227 3 YangqiVillage KO+833-KI+217 9'-75m 3 Yangqi Village K0+833'--K1+217 mNortherside 0.536 0.173 0.671 0.362 1- 16m 4 Wushan Village K3+280-K3+655 Northern side 0.528 0.170 0.662 0.356 Wusha Vilage 3+28'--K+655 14'-36 5 Pushan Temple K3+410-K3+455 Northern side 0.528 0.170 0.662 0.356 8m _ _ _ 6 Shigong Temple at Wufeng K4+120-K4+150 Passt g 0.536 0.1r73 0.671 0.362 Village through road K4+200'-K4+334 Northen side 0.536 0.173 0.671 0.362 2'.5'-13m ___ 7 Wufeng Village K4+715 -K4+791 Northe4 side 0.506 0.164 0.634 0.341 K4+515'-K4+575 Southern side 0.569 0.184 0.712 0.23 1'-4.5 8 Yixu Water Plant K4+575-K4+715 Southern side 0.56 0.181 0.702 0.227 K6+750-K6+916 2Nrh36m 0.536 0.173 0.671 0.362 9 Xiazhou Village at Pukou 20uhe36md K6+815-K6+870 Southem side 0.569 0.184 0.712 0.23 ____ L~~~~~13m ~~~~~-_ _ _ K7+257-K7+823 Northern side 0.536 0.173 0.671 0.362 10 Qianyuan Village and 1'- 18m Aoshan Village K7+173-'K7+378 Southern side 0.569 0.184 0.712 0.23 _____ ~~~~~~~1'-6m Fujian College of Passing 11 Information and K7+780-K7+935 through 0.536 0.173 0.671 0.362 Technology northern side 12 Duyuan Village K7+947-K8+158 Southern side 0.569 0.184 0.712 0.23 135 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project From Table 6.3-32 and Table 6.3-33, we know that under common weather conditions, the condition, concentration of CO and NO2 on both sides of road can be up to standard; under bad weather the concentration of CO on both sides of road in 2010 and 2027 can be up to standard and also presents the trend of rising. The concentration of NO2 on both sides of road in 2010 will meet the standard while that of pollutants at part of sensitive points along both sides of road in 2027 will exceed the standard. 3 3 The air quality standard of all sensitive points is: CO 1Omg/m NO2 0.24mg/m . Thus it can be known Pushan that the concentration of NO2 at residence of Shangqi Village, residence of Wushan Village, Temple, Shigong Temple at Wufeng Village and Fujian College of Information and Technology increases greatly and adding value of concentration is higher than assessment standard value. The concentration of pollutants at residence of Wanbian Village, residence of Yangqi Village, residence of Wufeng Village (K4+515 K4+575), Yixu Water Plant, Xiazhou Village at Pukou (K6+815- K6+870), residence of Qianyuan Village and Aoshan Village (K7+173-K7+378) and residence of Duyuan Village increases a little and adding value of concentration is lower than assessment standard. 6.3.5.3 Kuiqi Bridge There are 6 sensitive points of ambient air within 300m on southern and northem ends of bridge, namely residence at western side of Kuiqi flyover, residence at northern side of Kuiqi flyover, Kuiqi Primary School, Kuiqi Kindergarten, residence at Waitang Village, Linpu Village and residence at Shaoqi Village. The forecast results of mode indicate that the concentration of pollutants in emission exhausted by motor vehicles on all sections will descend rapidly within l Om in the low wind direction; outside of 300m, the concentration is low and will change a little with the increasing of distance in low wind direction. For impact of emission of motor vehicles on sensitive points, see Table 6.3-34 and 6.3-35. 3 Table 6.3-34 Under Normal Conditions, Impact of Emission to Sensitive Receptors (mg/mr) Location Name Property istance 2010 2020 . l ~~ ~~~CONO2 CO NO2 Residence Weste|n flyover 0.4021 0.154 0.8929 0.319 Residence Northern flyover 0.2359 0.090 0.5238 0.187 Northem Kuiqi Village Kuiqi Across flyover end of Primary 0.2359 0.090 0.5238 0.187 bridge School Kuiqi Across flyover Kindergart 0.2359 0.090 0.5238 0.187 en Waitang Village Residence Easter flyover 0.4021 0.154 0.8929 0.319 1.5'-21mn Southern Linpu Village Northwestern end of and Shaoqi Residence overhead 0.2295 0.088 0.5096 0.182 bridge Village 15-50m(K], +600'-- 0.25 .88 .09 012 Kl +720) . 136 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 6.3-35 Under Bad Conditions, Impact to Sensitive Receptors (mg/n 3 ) 2010 2020 Location Name Property istance CO NO2 CO NO2 Residence Westem flyover 0.3242 0.097 0.7199 0.201 ______1 -8.5m _ _ _ _ Residence Norther flyover 0.9787 0.217 2.1732 0.777 2'-3 1.5m____ NorthernKuqi Village Kuiqi Across flyover Northen Kuiqi Village Primary 0.9787 0.217 2.1732 0.777 end of ~~~~School bridge Kuiqi Across flyover Kindergarte 0.9787 0.217 2.1732 0.777 n Waitang Village Residence Easter flyover 0.3242 0.097 0.7199 0.201 ______1.5-21m Southern Linpu Village Northwester end of and Shaoqi Residence 15-50m(K1+600 0.8065 0.309 1.7908 0.64 bridge Village K 1+720)0_ From Table 6.3-34 and Table 6.3-35, we know that under common weather condition, the concentration of CO and NO2 on both sides of road in 2010 can be up to standard and that of CO on both sides of road in 2020 can also be up to the standard, while the concentration of NO2 at part of sensitive points exceeds the standard; under bad weather condition, the concentration of CO on both sides of road in 2010 and 2020 can be up to standard and also presents the trend of rising. The concentration of NO2 at Linpu Village and residence of Shaoqi Village in 2010 will exceed the standard while that of NO2 meet the standard at other sites. The concentration of pollutants at residence of western Kuiqi Village and residence of Waitang Village in 2020 can meet the standard while that of pollutants at other sites exceeds. 3 3 The air quality standard of all sensitive points is: CO 10mg/m NO2 0.24mg/m . Thus it can be known that under common weather condition, the concentration of NO2 at residence of western Kuiqi Flyover, residence of Waitang Village increases greatly and adding value of concentration is higher than assessment standard value. The concentration of pollutants at residence of northern Kuiqi Flyover, Kuiqi Primary School, Kuiqi Kindergarten, residences of Linpu Village and Shaoqi Village increases a little and adding value of concentration is lower than assessment standard; under bad weather condition, the concentration of NO2 at residence of northern Kuiqi Flyover, Kuiqi Primary School, Kuiqi Kindergarten and residences of Linpu Village and Shaoqi Village increases greatly and adding value of concentration is higher than assessment standard value. The concentration of pollutants at residence of western Kuiqi Flyover and residence of Waitang Village increases a little and adding value of concentration is lower than assessment standard. 63.6 Summary of Potential Impacts to Air Quality during Operation Phase The impacts to air qualitiy from the project operation may be summarized as follows: * CO, under different weather condition, the concentration of CO on different sections during different period is within the limited value. Pollution of CO along the section will comply 137 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project with Class] of ambient air quality. Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RR/II and Kuiqi Bridge. the characteristic year of 2020, the * NO2 Under normal weather condition, except for comply with Class! concentration of NO2 along the section of Two Roads & One Bridge can of ambient air quality in functional zone; under bad weather condition, NOx in emission of motor vehicles will have a great effect on ambient air on both sides of roads, especially in the increasing traffic volume 2020, NO2 on both sides of roads will be affected obviously with and pollutants Thereof, the air on Nanjiang Binlu still remains Class! of ambient air quality Bridge is and the concentration of NO2 within 50m of both sides of the 3RR/II and Kuiqi higher, exceeding Class! of ambient air quality. As a whole, the pollution will not become serious. 6.4 Mitigation Measures for Air Quality Impacts 6.4.1 Mitigation measures during Construction In order to minimize as possible the impact of the Project on environment during construction, the following mitigation measures are proposed to be adopted: * The excavated earth of the Project shall be piled collectively in order to reduce the scope affected by dust and backfill in time and reduce the impact time of dust. * Watering during excavation, drilling and removal in order to keep certain humidity; watering loose and dry topsoil in construction field against dust; watering dry topsoil properly when backfilling against rising of dust. * Strengthen the management of piling yard of backfilling earth and establish measures such as compacting surface of earth, spraying periodically and covering etc.; the soil and waste building materials that will not be used any more shall be carried away, not being piled for a long time. Cement and asphalt concrete shall be transported in sealed tank car. If transported in open vehicles, the materials on the vehicles shall be covered with canvas tightly. The earth-moving truck and transport vehicles for building materials shall be collocated with scattering-proof equipments as per stipulations. Overload will not be permitted and no scattering shall be ensured during transportation; the routes and time for transport vehicles shall be planned, trying to avoid driving through downtown district, heavy traffic district and updown etc. The transport vehicles shall be covered with canvas and be flushed before loading and unloading in order to reduce the scattering of soil carried by wheels and base plate. During construction, waste building materials are forbidden to be burned as fuels. In the dining hall at site, liquefied petroleum gas or electric cookers other than fuel cookers shall be used. 138 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project * The construction roads shall be kept flat. Full-titme personnel shall be assigned for maintenance, repair and sweeping of construction roads to keep clean and good operation. * The warehouse and piling of temporary materials shall prevent materials from being loose and pollution. Around the warehouse, there shall be drainage system preventing from being immersed by rainwater and losing of materials for flow of water. * The pollutants produced from dust, rising dust and fuels will do harm to health of humans, so the constructors who may be affected shall be protected. * During construction, there are many fuel mechanical equipments, so it is necessary to collocate fixed mechanical equipments with smoke and dust removing plant at operating point within 50m of upper wind direction. * If the construction site is located at Old Urban Areas (Nanjiang Binlu), Villages acrossed by the 3rd Ring Road (Phase,) and near Kuiqi Village, there shall be a wall of above 1.8m around the construction site. The main roads of construction site shall be hardened and kept clean. At exits, flushing equipments shall be collocated and the guard and wheels of transport vehicles shall be flushed before leaving the site, leaving with soil forbidden; close mesh net shall be collocated during construction in order to prevent and reduce the spilling of materials, soil and garbage; the materials and garbage shall be transported unclosed, scattering and loading and unloading randomly are forbidden; the materials that can easily produce rising dust such as construction soil, cement and lime shall be covered tightly or stored in warehouse; temporary closed garbage piling shall be set up in construction site for piling garbage and soil that cannot be carried away in time; premixed concrete shall be used in the 3 project with one-time poured concrete of above 30 in . Cement in bulk shall be used for site mixing of mortar and effective dustproof measures shall be carried on with the equipments for site mixing. * In 3 days after construction site has been removed, soil and garbage shall be carried away while the soil and garbage cannot be carried away in time, they shall be covered tightly; when loading of soil and garbage, watering shall be adopted; within 3 months after removal without construction, the soil uncovered in the construction site shall be covered, hardened or made with tree-planting. 6.4.2 Mitigation Measures during Operation Many problems are involved in controlling pollution of emission of motor vehicles, so a single project cannot control the pollution of emission of motor vehicles, which depends on the development of economy and technology of the whole society. The forecast for the impact on ambient air quality. indicates that after the Project has been put into operation, under bad weather condition, the pollutants in emission exhausted by motor vehicle driven on road will have a great impact on the. concentration of NO2 within 50-lOOm of both sides of road and exceed the standard. Moreover, the rising dust on road 139 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project to take measures to will also have impact on ambient air quality around. Therefore, it is necessary following measures can prevent possible pollution for ambient air during execution of the Project. The be taken in detail: Improvement of driving (1) Ensure the designed driving speed and reduce the pollution of emission. The traffic in Fuzhou shall speed can reduce the emission of CO and HC in emission of motor vehicles. be made to ensure that the be considered as a whole and goals for recent, medium and long term shall reduction of driving speed driving speed of 80km/h in road plan will be kept for a long time and avoid avoid the pollution to air due to traffic jams caused by connection with network, flyovers and ramp and environment with increased emission of emission. vehicles on roads of the (2) The control measures for emission of pollutants in emission of motor of emission of motor Project shall be combined with the local and state control policies and measures and measures made vehicles. The Employer and Managers of the Project shall execute all the policies vehicles and take some by state and local departments for control of pollutants in emission of motor on roads of the Project. corresponding measures to control the emission of emission of motor vehicles In detail, the following measures are proposed to be adopted in this report: in emission A. Forbid passing of the motor vehicles with exceeded emission of pollutants of the motor vehicles with The operating department of this section has the right to forbid passing pollution produced possibly exceeded emission, which can release, to a certain extent, the ambient air by the Project. B. Strengthen Check and Repair of Motor Vehicles vehicles, to a great extent, The practice indicates that the emission of pollutants in emission of motor emission of emission depends on whether the engine is under the normal technical status. The exceeded engine etc. After lead free is mainly caused by low-level repair and worsening of technology on and repair of motor vehicles gasoline and clarifier of emission have been used in motor vehicles, check be strengthened to keep become more important. Therefore, check and repair of motor vehicles shall motor vehicles in good status and reduce the emission of pollutants in emission. C. Reduce the Dust Particles on Road of these dust particles Since the rising dust on road is from the dust particles settling on road, reduction means reduction of pollution sources. project of a city or an D. Since the control of pollution of emission of motor vehicles is a systematic roads cannot settle the area, control of pollution of emission of motor vehicles driven on several cooperate with the pollution of emission at all. So the road management department shall positively in control of pollution of government and environment protection department to which roads belong emission of motor vehicles. (3) Control measures for diffusion of pollution of atmosphere it is better that warehouses, stores or A. In order to reduce the impact of NO2 exceeded on residents, 140 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project office buildings shall be planned within lOOm of both sides of undeveloped road. As per the forecast results, under bad weather condition, the pollution of emission of motor vehicles will also exceed the standard within 200m, so the sensitive goals such as hospitals or schools shall be avoided in this scope. B. Tests indicate that the broadleaf arbores on both sides of road can prevent dust and clean pollutants. Make forestation on both sides of road to make full use of the cleaning function of vegetation for ambient air. 6.43 Plan and Measures for Control of Pollution of Emission of Motor Vehicles in Fuzhou The motor vehicles driven on roads are moving sources, so it is not enough to take control measures only for motor vehicles on one or several roads or bridges. The experience at home and abroad indicates the control of pollutants in emission of motor vehicles shall be a systematic project of a city or an area. Therefore the control of pollutants in emission of motor vehicles relates closely to the control policies and measures of pollutants in emission of motor vehicles made by Fuzhou City, even Fujian Province and state. 6.43.1 Control Plan of Pollution of Emission of Motor Vehicles in Fuzhou 1) Labeling System of Environmental Protection of Motor Vehicles, i.e., Labeling System of Yellow and Green. Labeling system of environmental protection of motor vehicles, i.e. Labeling system of yellow and green, issued by Environmental Protection Bureau of Shenzhen to National People's Congress in 2003 shall be carried on in Shenzhen. Shenzhen is the second citV of the whole cotLiitrx where labeling system has been carried on. This system has been issued atter the personnel of 1-uzhou Environmental Protection Bureau have reviewed the advanced actions of some cities such as Beijing and Shanghai. Different from Beijing, labeling system of yellow and green other than qualification system has been carried on in Shenzhen to classify the environmental protection of motor vehicles. The gasoline motor cars with Euro Standard and the diesel fuel motor cars above Euro Standard will obtain green label; the carburettor motor cars, open loop electrical cars and the motor cars with diesel fuel not up to Euro - Standard or above will obtain yellow label. After clarification, all the motor vehicles in urban areas shall be grouped by Fuzhou government. The motor vehicles with yellow label shall be checked by annual check station once half a year; the motor vehicles with green label shall be checked once a year. Except for this, local regulations shall be made to limit the driving section and slot of motor vehicles with yellow label. Moreover, in order to achieve better work results, advanced electronic monitoring methods such as electronic eye shall be used for check. Cooperate with traffic police and fire fighting department in sharing the detector at crossing to take photos for come-and-go vehicles. Thus manual check can be omitted. The classified license numbers of motor vehicles with yellow label shall be collected into database, when the license numbers entering into the view of electronic eye, the motor vehicles with velloxx label or green label can he identified automatically and whether the motor vehicles have broken the rules lhe hCenISe numbiier taken shall be publicized periodically via media. 2) Environmental supervision has been carried on by Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau. The 141 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project inspection shall be strengthened and the motor vehicles that emission black emission shall be taken photos or recorded. Electronic proof shall be made for motor vehicles on road and the motor vehicles that emission black emission shall be supervised greatly. The photos of motor vehicles that emission black Xmi' 3) In New Road Traffic and Safety Law of the People's Republic of China, there is no regulation that traffic police department has the right to punish the drivers whose motor vehicles emission black emission, so it is necessary to add punishment regulations to local laws, including punishment for motor vehicles that emission black emission and acceptance of mitigation at recheck point specified by environmental protection department; rejection in force of the motor vehicles unsuccessful in for recheck twice. 4) The environmental protectors of annual check station shall control and supervise on check line and award certificates to the qualified motor vehicles. 5) Several road check pomts shall be added in urban areas. At each road check point, there must be a traffic police and two environmental protectors. The times and strength of road check shall be reinforced. Except for fixed road check points, flow road check points shall also be set up to make a sudden check termly or not for motor vehicles on driving. 6) Cooperate with medias positively and make termly the motor vehicles that break the rules and the trends of motor vehicles known and publicize the meanings of the work on motor vehicles to improve the consciousness of people and strengthen our work. 7) For serious pollution of emission exhausted by bus and passenger vehicles, the work emphasis of the next stage shall be put on improving the status of buses and passenger vehicles that emission black emission. We can make a suggestion to city government of rejecting minibuses, thus the phenomenon of emission of black emission from buses can be controlled at the source. 6.43.2 Mitigation Measures of Pollution of Emission of Motor Vehicles in Fuzhou 1) Strengthen the Publicity We have print relevant common sense and management trend of emission of motor vehicles into a magazine of Management of Emission of Motor Vehicles and distribute to some companies such as Provincial Automobile Transport General Company, Fuzhou Huawei Automobile Transport Company a2ld Fi7hotl Public Traffic iroup Cn . ltd etc for daily check and publicity. At the same time we urge traffic companies to edit a book of 50 Prohlems of Emission Cont-ol of Bus that has been distributed to all the fleet. 142 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pern-Urban De%clopmcnt Project 2) Control Pollution of Emission of Ne\x Motor \Vehicles at Sou-ce Prohibition of sale of two-stroke motorcycles and award of driver licenses in urban areas and sale and award of driver licenses for carburettor motorcars difficult to be mitigated with serious pollution can effectively control the extension of pollution produced by motorcycles and carburettor motorcars. Control the renewal of type of taxis. Since July 4, 2002, electric oil ejection technology and three-way emission control device shall be used in renewed taxis. The emission of emission shall comply with the standard of state environmental protection. The pollution of emission exhausted by the taxis used frequently in urban areas shall be gradually controlled at sources. 3) Speed the Steps of Renewal Urge public traffic companies to reject the motor vehicles whose emission exceeds the standard greatly. Before the New Year's Day of 2004, 215 minibuses have been rejected and 320 minibuses have been renewed in advance. Tens of motor vehicles will be renewed by the end of this year. 4) Carry on Supervision and Check of Parking Grounds of Motor Vehicles Continuously supervision and check for buses shall be car-ried on. In 2003 and the first lialt' \car ot' 2004, 1,949 motor vehicles (once) on 240 routes (once) have been supervised and the up-to-standard rate is 65%. Urge 689 (once) motor vehicles with exceeded emission to be mitigated in limited period; meanwhile, check of samples from part of long distance passenger vehicles parked at 11 motor vehicles parking grounds such as Fuzhou Passenger Transportation Station etc. has been carried on to reduce the extended pollution of motor vehicles with exceeded emission. 5) Cooperate with Traffic Police Department in Annual Check of Emission The Environmental Protection Department of Fuzhou shall cooperate with Traffic Police Department in annual check of emission of motor vehicles. Only the motor vehicles with emission up to standard can pass the annual check. In 2003, 134,396 motor vehicles at all annual checking stations in urban areas have been checked including 58,884 motor vehicles at Huangshan Annual Check Station, 74,012 motor vehicles at Gushan Annual Check Station and 1,500 motor vehicles at Houban Annual Check Station. 6) Carry on Road Check Together In 2003, more than 180 personnel from Environmental Protection Deparmient and Tratfic Police Department carried on road check for 20 times, check 4,276 samples of motor vehicles with all kinds of types including 167 motor vehicles whose emission of emission exceeded the national standard. For those motor vehicles with exceeded emission, we urge them to be mitigated in limnted period and carried on recheck. Traffic Police Department has the right to detain driver licenses and make Notice for Site Record and Disposalof Traffic Peccancy known to drivers. 7) Encourage Buses to Use Clean Resource 143 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Cooperate with public traffic companies in tests of biologic diesel fuel and emission purifier. Harmonious In addition, Opinions on Strengthening Environmental Protection to Accelerate Government. It Development between Human Beings and Nature has been made by Fujian People's urban areas of requires that "before the end of 2004, the emission of buses burning diesel fuel in to meet this Fuzhou, Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou must be up to the standard". In order to the standard requirement and try to achieve the goal that the emission of all the buses can be up an informal before the end of 2004, we have invited the leaders of public traffic companies to have and settle the discussion to confirm positively the project of using liquefied natural gas as fuel in buses problems of emission of black emission of buses fundamentally. 144 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 7 Water Environment Baseline, Impact Assessment and Mitigation Measures 7.1 Assessment of current water environment In order to understand the water environment quality of the region where the project is located, assessment was made on data obtained from water quality monitoring activities carried out in 2003. 7.1.1 Monitoring sections, Items and Analysis Methods Kuiqi Bridge crosses Beigang. Nanjiang Binlu is also located on the south bank of Beigang. We used the data obtained from normal monitoring of Kuiqi and Aofengzhou sections in 2002 to analyze the status of water environment. Nanjiang Binlu crosses 7 inland rivers: Gangtou River. Longjin River, Puxia River, Yujin River, Pandun River, Lianban River and Linpu River. 10 water quality monitoring sections are set here. The 3RR/II crosses such inland rivers as Mazhou River, Yixu River, Baihuting River. Luocheng River, etc. 7 water quality monitoring sections are set here. Please see Table7.1-1. Table 7.1-1 Water Monitoring Sections for Rivers Crossed by Nanjiang Binlu and the 3RR/II Road Name Section S/N Section Section Monitoring Position SecionS/N Name GgRiver Jufeng Paper Co., Ltd 2 Longgang Intersection (Meitanlai Longjin Market) 3 River Communist Youth League School of Fujian Province (Shangshan Rd) 4 Puxia River Oliver Factory Nani fang Fuzhou Liusu (Metallurgical Chemical Nanjiang Plant) Binlu 6 Yujin River Gaohu District (Automobile Washing Plant) 7 Zhengyang Industrial District (Jiafu Color Printing - Pandun Expressway Entrance (Hulu 'o\ni 8 River (Printmn,&Dveing Plant, Pic- Farm) l 9 Lianban Expressway Entranice ((i'C P Lianbiia River 'VillayersCommittee Bulddinig) 10 Linpu River Linpu \Village 11 Mazhou Wushan Jimuqi Water Gate ______R iv er ______12 Yixu River Zhulan Village (Bamen Water Gate) Baihuting Renmin Paper Plant (Baihu Village and 13 River Yingbin Rd) the 3RR/II 14 Aoshan (Ebb) 15 Wucuo Village, Diangian Village 16 - Luocheng Zhouwei Village, Zhouwei River River Chengmen Village (beside Fuxia Road) 1•15 FmillnIln mcnIal I Ivpact AssCssnient Fu1/1oLI Naital Island Peri-Urban Development Project (3) Parameters monitored According to the Technical Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment (HJ/T2.3-93) and the requirements for parameters for water quality monitoring under the similar project, the water environment quality monitoring and assessment of this project can choose the following water quality parameters: pH, SS, CODc, DO, BOD5, Ammonia Nitrogen, petroleum, lead, etc Sampling, preservation, transportation and analysis of these items shall be carried out in accordance with the methods (water and wastewater monitoring and analysis methods) as specified by State Environmental Protection Administration of China. 7.1.2 Assessment Standards For assessment of ground water, the Environmental Quality Standardfor Surface Water shall be used (GB3838-2002); for inland rivers, Class water quality standard shall be used; Class III for Minjiang River and Class 11 for source water areas. Please see Table 7,1-2 for these standards. Table 7.1-2 Water Quality Assessment Standards Assessment Unit r Class lass Class I Class Factor l pH 6-9 CODcr < mg/l 15 20 30 40 6 10 BOD5 < mg/l 3 4 DO Ž mg/l 6 5 3 2 Ammonia mg/l 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 Nitrogen < 7.1.3 Water Quality Monitoring Results and Assessment (1) Beigang Section, Minjiang River, Fuzhou We used the data obtained from normal monitoring of Kuiqi and Aofengzhou sections in 2002 to analyze the status of water environment. The results .and analysis are shown in Table 7.1-3. Table 7.1-3 Monitoring Results of Water Quality of Minjiang River Beigang Section (2002) Section Items pH CODMfl BOD DO SS Petro oil NH3 -N Lead Kuiqi Average 6.92 2.58 1.34 7.08 41 0.04 0.475 0.0016 Value (mg/L) Class III 6-9 6 4 5 -- 0.05 1.0 0.05 Standard Pollution 0.08 0.43 0.34 0.36 0.8 0.48 0.032 ______Index Aofengzhou Average 6.97 2.53 1.43 7.74 -- 0.340 0.0014 Value Class II 6-9 4 3 6 0.05 0.5 0.01 Standard Pollution 0.03 0.63 0.48 0.23 -- 0.68 0.14 ______In d ex______ 146 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project It can be seen from Table 7.1-3 that, by Class III, the pollution index for Kuiqi is 0.32-0.8 and the water quality conforms to Class III standard, and by Class II, the pollution index for Aofengzhou is 0.14-0.68 and the water quality conforms to Class II standard. This shows that the water quality of Minjiang River Beigang Aofeng - Kuiqi section is good. (2) Inland Rivers Crossed by Nanjiang Binlu and the 3RR/II For water quality monitoring results, please see Table 7.1-4. Table 7.1-4 Monitoring Results for Inland RmvCrS (Wussed bs \alnl1lall Lnl[3ILI and ERR 11 Road Name S/N pH DO BOL)5 C(Dc, Anunonid Nitrogen Gangtou I 0.440 0.903 2.760 1.580 4.115 R iver ______Longjin 2 0.040 8.740 9.870 9.800 11.450 River 3 0.015 8.380 8.950 2.625 11.300 Puxia 4 0.170 9.160 12.017 5.167 16.733 River ______Nan j i ang Yuejin 5 0.005 8.515 7.420 4.125 14.700 NanBianl Yuejin 6 0.125 0.434 1.580 0.828 2.61 7 0.100 0.936 4.820 2.480 11.800 Pandun 8 0400 8.515 2.810 1.693 4.355 River 8 Lianban 9 0.225 8.380 10.700 6.050 24.400 RiverI Linpu 10 0.140 8.560 5.800 3.075 19.150 River Mazhou 0.335 0.161 5.080 3.950 3.980 River 11 Yixu 0.015 7.120 3.420 1.165 8.100 Rvr 12 3rd Ring Bhn 13 0.055 8.740 10.300 5.450 14.550 l ~~~~~~Road(Phase Baihuting . II) River 14 0.350 0.388 2 240 1.618 2.985 15 0.080 0.684 2.660 1.465 4.355 Luocheng 16 0.030 0.386 0.893 0.715 10.700 River 17 0.630 8.065 5.710 2.750 8.950 It can be seen from the above results that: (1) There is an index for the ammonia nitrogen of the crossed inland rivers: for Nanjiang Binlu, the maximum value is 24 times of the index and the minimum value is 2.4 times of the index, and for the 3RR/II , the maximum value is 9.7 times of the index and the minimum value is 2.0 times of the index. This is closely related to the fact * that, for a long time, the island has discharged a lot of living wastewater and the loss of fertilizers from the agrihistoricalareas from the island. (2) Most of the CODCr and BOD5 values of the sections of inland rivers crossed by Nanjiang Binlu exceed the indexes set in Class V standard. Only the results of very few sections monitored are close to Class V water standard. For the 7 sections monitored of the 4 inland rivers crossed by the 3RR/II , the CODc, values do not exceed the index. As to the values of BOD5 of the monitored sections, 4 sections i1- Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project exceed Class standard and 3 sections meet Class II-IV standards. 3) For DO, half of the monitored sections of the inland rivers crossed by Nanjiang Binlu and the 3RR/II meet Class V standard, and for ph values, 50% of the monitored sections almost meet the index. 4 The above assessment results show that, in the whole, the water quality of the inland rivers crossed by Nanjiang Binlu is very bad. The rivers can be classified as Class V water bodies. The water quality of the inland rivers crossed by the 3RRIII falls within Classes IV-V, so some are bad Class I water bodies. Except the pH index, all the rest the evaluated factors exceed Class IV standard. In the whole, the water environment of the inland rivers has been seriously polluted. 7.2 Analysis of Impact on Water Environment during the Construction Period The main impact on the water environment during the construction period is that of the construction of Kuiqi Bridge on Minjiang Beigang. So, quantitative calculation and analysis must be done on Kuiqi. For inland rivers crossed by Nanjiang Binlu and the 3RR/II , only qualitative analysis is needed. 7.2.1 Wastewater from Construction of Kuiqi Bridge and the Impact The wastewater during the period of construction mainly includes the living wastewater and the production wastewater. (l) Domestic wastewater li\ ing wastewater fiom the construction area comes mainly from the Employer, contractor, IL'h'dt8Ll,- 81(1 ofhfccX Iniless processed. the lii ng wastewater from the construction area shall not be directly discharged into water bodies. Domestic wastewater includes washing/bathing water from construction personnel, wastewater from the dining hall and lavatory, etc. In addition to living wastewater, there is also living garbage. The Domestic wastewater and garbage are directly discharged into nearby rivers without being treated. The domestic wastewater produced by the construction personnel (300) is usually low-concentration wastewater. It comes to about 24 cubic meters per day. Among the main pollutions pollutions shall be properly discharged, BOD5 is bout 3.6kg/d, CODcr 6.Okg/d and SS 5.4kg/d. These treated. The specific measures for treatment are given in the chapter dedicated to the measures for environmental pollution treatment. (2) Production wastewater of the construction area The production wastewater of the construction area comes mainly from the foundation pit wastewater, washing water from gravel, machinery, vehicles, concrete mixing and flushing, tank car washing, etc. First, pollution by foundation pit wastewater. Foundation pit wastewater consists of rainwater, construction-used water, etc. The concentration of suspended matter in the water is high. Foundation pit wastewater is collected from foundation digging, concrete pouring, concrete maintenance, washing wastewater and rainwater. If discharged directly without sedimentation, it will affect the downstream eCCtO1nOof thi constr-uctioni area. Second. pollution from wastewater produced by the gravel, sand and aggLregate processing system. Wastewater of the gravel. sand and aggregate processing system comes mailn\ tr-omi the \washing of aggregate. Aggregate must be washed to eliminate the sticky soil and other iusidtic,s I h' x\aste\ate- mainly contains suspended matter. The wastewater produced from gravel and sand production has a high SS concentration. So, the wastewater produced from processing of gravel and sand must be treated before discharge. The third is the pollution by wastewater from the concrete 148 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project processing system. Below is the analysis of the impact of the production wastewater from the construction area on the water environment of Beigang. The production wastewater contains not only suspended matter (sand, etc), but also a lot of oil This kind of production wastewater is usually treated in sedimentation tanks and the oiltwater separation system. The oil content in treated production wastewater Is usually below 5mg,L and the content ot SS is about 120mg/L. The daily washing water for construction machinery is about 20m3 It takes 3 hours to discharge the washing wastewater after sedimentation and oil/water separation. The method used to forecast in an analog manner the impact of discharged wastewater on the water environment of Beigang is the Bank Discharge Mode of the Stable Mixed Attenuation Accumulative Mode. The formula is as follows: ______q__ (2Qh - q )2 c(x,q)=exp = K )4ch+ lexp - exp _ ' 86400u) IVq x1 4 Mqx 4Mqx q = Huy M ==H2UM Whereinto: x- the distance between the point of forecast and the point of discharge, m; y- the horizontal distance between the point of forecast and the point of discharge, m; K,- the degradation coefficient of pollutions in the river, I/d; c- the concentration of pollutions at the point (x,y) of forecast, mg/L; cp- concentration of pollutions in wastewater, mg/L; wastewater flow, m3 /s; ch- concentration of pollutions in the upstream of the river, mg/L: H-average depth of water in the river, m; M,S-horizontal mixture (diffusion) coefficient of the river, m2/s; u- flow rate of the river, m/s; Qh-flow of the river, m3/s; T-- pi The construction period of Kuiqi Bridge falls between January 2006 and December 2006. Select the 3 most unfavorable period - the low water season. Qh=600m 1s, water depth H=3.0m, river width B=600, degradation coefficient for SS and oil = 0. This assessment forecasts the value-added impact of SS and oil, so Ch=O. Use the Bowden method to get the value of My, namely MY=0.295uH=0.292 m2/s. Table 7.2-1 SS Impact from Construction of Kuiqi Bridge on Water at Beigang (mg/L) X(m)\c/Y(m) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 0.4253 0.0252 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 30 0.2456 0.0957 0.0057 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 50 0.1902 0.1081 0.0198 0.0012 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 70 0.1608 0.1074 0.0320 0.0043 0.0003 0.0000 0.0000 90 0.1418 0.1036 0.0404 0.0084 00009 ( 0001 ( (0)(0 110 0.1282 0.0992 0.0459 0.0 127 0.0021 0.000 2 (u.(u( 130 0.1180 0.0949 0.0495 0 U | 6? 003()() ______WM 150 0.1098 0.0910 0.0517 0.0202 0.0054 0.0010 0.0001 170 0.1032 0.0874 0.0531 0.0231 0.0072 0.0016 0.0003 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 190 0.0976 0.0841 0.0538 0.0256 0.0090 0.0024 0.0005 210 0.0928 0.0811 0.0542 0.0277 0.0108 0.0032 0.0007 230 0.0887 0.0784 0.0543 0.0294 0.0124 0.0041 0.0011 250 0.0851 0.0760 0.0541 0.0308 0.0139 0.0050 0.0015 270 0.0819 0.0737 0.0539 0.0319 0.0153 0.0060 0.0019 290 0.0790 0.0716 0.0535 0.0329 0.0166 0.0069 0.0024 310 0.0764 0.0697 0.0531 0.0336 0.0178 0.0078 0.0029 330 0.0740 0.0680 0.0526 0.0343 0.0188 0.0087 0.0034 350 0.0719 0.0663 0.0521 0.0348 0.0198 0.0096 0.0039 3 70 0.0699 0.0648 0.0515 0.0352 0.0206 0.0104 0.0045 390 0.0681 0.0633 0.0510 0.0355 0.0214 0.0111 0.0050 400 0.0672 0.0627 0.0507 0.0356 0.0217 0.0115 0.0053 Table 7.2-2 Impact of Oil from Construction of Kuiqi Bridge on Water of Beigang (mg/L) X\c/Y 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 0.0177 0.0011 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 30 0.0102 0.0040 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 50 0.0079 0.0045 0.0008 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 70 0.0067 0.0045 0.0013 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 90 0.0059 0.0043 0.0017 0.0004 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 110 0.0053 0.0041 0.0019 0.0005 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 130 0.0049 0.0040 0.0021 0.0007 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 150 0.0046 0.0038 0.0022 0.0008 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 170 0.0043 0.0036 0.0022 0.0010 0.0003 0.0001 0.0000 190 0.0041 0.0035 0.0022 0.0011 0.0004 0.0001 0.0000 210 0.0039 0.0034 0.0023 0.0012 0.0004 0.0001 0.0000 230 0.0037 0.0033 0.0023 0.0012 0.0005 0.0002 0.0000 250 0.0035 0.0032 0.0023 0.0013 0.0006 0.0002 0.0001 0.0001 270 0.0034 0.0031 0.0022 0.0013 0.0006 0.0002 290 0.0033 0.0030 0.0022 0.0014 0.0007 0.0003 0.0001 310 0.0032 0.0029 0.0022 0.0014 0.0007 0.0003 0.0001 330 0.0031 0.0028 0.0022 0.0014 0.0008 0.0004 0.0001 350 0.0030 0.0028 0.0022 0.0014 0.0008 0.0004 0.0002 370 0.0029 0.0027 0.0021 0.0015 0.0009 0.0004 0.0002 390 0.0028 0.0026 0.0021 0.0015 0.0009 0.0005 0.0002 400 0.0028 0.0026 0.0021 0.0015 0.0009 0.0005 0.0002 It can be concluded from Table 7.2-1 and Table 7.2-2 that, after sedimentation and oil/water separation, the production wastewater discharged from the construction area has a low degree of impact on the water environment of Beigang. SS have little impact on the water environment of Beigang; however, oil has some impact on the quality of water near the point of discharge. 130m down from the point of production wastewater discharge, the water quality can meet the Water Quality StandardforFisheries. 7.2.2 Impact on Water Environment by Construction of Piers of Kuiqi Bridge (1) Pollution source intensity and selection of forecast equipment Comparative analysis of similar projects shows that the amount of suspended matter produced during the construction of one pile foundation is about 0.108t/h. A steel cofferdam is built around the foundation during the process of construction. At the same time, where the cofferdam is extended to the water body, measures (protection net, etc) are taken to prevent debris and oil from falling into the water body, so the impact of construction of pier foundation on the water environment mainly happens after t 50 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitat Island Pert-Urbani De\eloptncnt Ploject the cofferdam is removed. The impact is calculated on the basis of 3000 mg'L for SS xithml the cofferdam. Let's take as example the construction of pier No.19. The method used to forecast in an analog manner the impact of discharged wastewater on the water environment is the Non-bank Discharge Mode of the Stable Mixed Attenuation Accumulative Mode. The formula is as follows: F exp - q + exp- (2aHu + q) 2 x AI cPQP 4Mqx L m (Ix ll c(x, q) = exp - K1 }ChS + Q L 86400u 2 q + e (2Qh 2aHu - q] l q = Huy Mq = H2uM, Whereinto: x- the distance from the point of forecast to the point of discharge, m; y- the horizontal distance from the point of forecast to the point of discharge, m; K1 -the degradation coefficient of pollutions in the river, lI/d; c- the concentration of pollutions at the point of forecast, mg/L. a- the distance from the point of wastewater discharge to the river bank (0() !B). m. c,- concentration of pollutions in wastewater, mg/ L; Qp-wastewater flow, m3/s; Ch- concentration of pollutions in the upstream of the river, mg/L; H- average depth of water in the river, m; My- horizontal mixture (diffusion) coefficient of the river, m2/s; u- flow rate of the river, m/s; Qh- flow of the river, mI/s; Tr-pi The forecast pier is 190 meters away from the riverbank. Other parameters are the same as above. (2) Calculation results and analysis For the results of calculation of the suspended matter (SS) produced from construction of Kuiqi Bridge on the water environment, please see Table 7.2-3. Table 7.2-3 Impact of SS on Water (foundation for pier No.19) (mg/L) X(m)\c/Y(m) 0 20 40 60 [ 80 100 10 2873.74 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 60 1173.20 178.38 0.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 110 866.46 310.14 14.22 0.08 0.00 0.00 160 718.43 354.51 42.59 1.25 0.01 0.00 210 627.10 366.11 72.85 4.94 0.11 0.00 260 563.59 364.91 99.05 11.27 0.54 0.01 310 516.14 358.46 120.08 19.40 1.51 0.06 360 478.96 349.91 136.44 28.40 3.15 0.19 410 448.80 340.68 149.01 37.55 5.45 0.46 460 423.71 331.41 158.59 46.43 8.32 0.91 510 402.40 322.42 165.85 54.77 11.61 1.58 560 384.02 313.84 171.31 62.45 15.21 2.47 151 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 610 367.94 305.72 175.36 69.44 18.98 3.58 660 353.73 298.06 178.33 75.75 22.85 4.89 710 341.05 290.86 180.43 81.41 26.72 6.38 760 329.64 284.09 181.85 86.46 30.53 8.01 810 319.30 277.72 182.74 90.96 34.25 9.76 860 309.88 271.72 183.19 94.96 37.85 11.60 910 301.25 266.07 183.31 98.52 41.30 13.51 960 293.30 260.73 183.15 101.67 44.60 15.46 1010 285.95 255.68 182.77 104.45 47.73 17.43 1060 279.12 250.89 182.21 106.92 50.69 19.42 110 272.76 246.36 181.52 109.10 53.49 21.40 1160 266.82 242.05 180.71 111.02 56.14 23:36 1210 261.25 237.95 179.81 112.72 58.62 25.29 1260 l 256.01 234.05 178.83 114.20 60.95 27.19 1310 251.08 230.33 177.81 115.51 63.15 29.05 1 260246.42 226 77 176.73 116.65 65.20 30.86 141() 242.(01 223'.3 175.63 117.64 ! 67.13 32.63 1460 237.83 220.12 174.50 118.50 68.93 34.34 1510 233.86 217.00 173.36 119.24 70.61 36.00 1560 230.08 214.00 172.20 119.87 72.19 37.61 1610 226.48 211.13 171.04 120.41 73.67 39.17 1660 223.05 208.37 169.87 120.86 75.04 40.66 1710 219.76 205.71 168.71 121.23 76.33 42.11 1760 216.62 203.14 167.55 121.54 77.53 43.50 1810 213.60 200.67 166.40 121.77 78.66 44.84 1860 . 210.71 198.29 165.25 121.96 79.71 46.13 1910 207.94 195.99 164.11 122.08 80.68 47.37 1960 205.27 193.77 162.99 122.16 81.59 48.56 2000 203.20 192.04 162.09 122.20 82.28 49.48 It can be drawn from Table 7.2-3 that wastewater from construction of bridge pier foundations has a high degree of impact on the water environment. However, cofferdams are used in construction of pier foundations, so the impact of wastewater is transient. 7.23 Analysis of water environment of inland rivers during the construction period For Nanjiang Binlu and the 3RRJII , most of the wastewater during the construction period comes m.ln.1 W1I?( .) tintinnt-alt(l \\ A Construction wastewater includes slurry from digging and drilling activities, cooling and washing water from machinery and equipment, and oil-bearing wastewater from construction equipment operation or maintenance/service. Unless treated before discharge, these kinds of wastewater will have impact on receiving waters. Because Nanjiang Binlu is going to be constructed within the flood-preventing darn, the living wastewater from local residents, as that from the construction personnel, enters the urban drainage system instead of being directly discharged into Minjiang River. And the living garbage is collected by the environmental protection station for treatment. So the living wastewater and living garbage during the construction period will not produce obvious pollution. The 3rd Ring (Phase II) is also going to be constructed within the flood-preventing dam, but there are no urban underground drainage systems along the. route, so measures shall be taken to prevent pollution by living wastewater and living 152 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project garbage. Ground water washes the loose soil, construction-used gravel and sand, garbage, abandoned soil, etc, and carries a lot of soil and sand into the Minjiang River and may block the riverbed and water pipes. 7.3 Assessment of Impact on Water Environment during Operation Period 73.1 Scope of assessment According to Specificationsfor Environment Impact Assessment of Highway, the evaluated part of the riverbed of Minjiang River is 200m downstream and 200m upstream from the bridge centerline. 73.2 Standard forAssessment The waters crossed by this bridge adopt the Class III of Environmental Quality Standardfor Surface Water (GB3838-2002), so the standard for assessment is Class III (GB3838-2002). 7-3.3 Content of Assessment and Forecast of Pollution Discharge Volume The assessment focuses on the pollution of rainwater from the bridge ground during the operation period. For water environment risk assessment, please refer to the chapter dedicated to risk assessment. Bridge ground rainwater The bridge itself does not produce wastewater, but most the pollutions from motor vehicles crossing the bridge go into the air or drop to the ground around the road, and are washed by rainwater into water body near the project and may affect the quality of water around the water body. a) Calculation of bridge ground rainwater volume For the method for calculation of the ground water volume of this project, please refer to the method recommended in the article Impact of Road Ground Rainwater Pollutions on Water Environment, Environmental Protection in Transportation(2-3, 1994). The authors of this article is Zhao Jianqiang, etc of the Environmental Engineering Research Institute of Xi'an Road Institute. According to this method, first calculate the average daily rainfall on basis of the average annual rainfall over several years and the average number of rainy days per year in the place where the project is located; then consider the correlation between the heaviness of the rain and its duration. Assume the average daily rainfall is concentrated during the first 2 hours of the shower. Then, the ground water volume is the ground rainflow coefficient BY contaminated ground area BY average heaviness of the rain in the rainflow concentration period. The above calculation can be expressed by the following formula: Q, =CxlxA I =Q/D Whereinto: Qm - volume of ground rainwater produced by 2 hours of rain; C - ground rainflow coefficient of the rainflow concentration area; I average heaviness of the rain in the rainflow concentration period; A road ground area; Q the average annual rainfall over several years in the place where the project is located; D the average number of rainy days per year in the place where the project is located; The same method can be used to calculate the volume of ground rainwater of Kuiqi Bridge. According to statistics of the historical climate information on the region of Minjiang River, the average annual rainfall over several years is 1343.8mm and the average annual number of rainy days is 150 (rainfall over 0.1mm). The ground rainflow coefficient is 0.9, which is adopted for concrete/asphalt road ground in the Specificationsfor Indoor Designs used in China. The ground area of the bridge is about 42, 200 153 Ln\iionnicnalI Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Developnient Project 3 3/s, square meters. The calculated ground rainwater volume of Kuiqi Bridge is 340m /d (0.05m 170m3 /h). b) Concentration of pollutions in the road ground rainwater rainwater Studies, either domestic or foreign, show that, the concentration of pollutions in the ground motor vehicle of roads for motor vehicles is related to such factors as the flow of passing motor vehicle, etc. So, types, heaviness of rain, cycle of rainfall, road nature, nature of fuels used by motor vehicles, of pollutions in generally speaking, it is very difficult to calculate the concentration. The concentration from the the ground rainwater of Kuiqi Bridge over Minjiang River can use the value obtained Please refer to assessment of impact of expressway on environment in a southern province of China. Table 7.3-1 for details. Table 7.3-1 Concentration of Polluttants in Road Surface Runoff (Unit: mg/L) Duration of Rainflow (Minutej Maximum Average Pollution 0-15 15-30 30-60 60-120 | >120 Value Value 120 CODc, 170 130 110 97 72 170 20 BOD 28 26 23 20 12 28 5 2 Oil 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 3 390 280 SS _s 390 280 190 200 160 0.81 Total 0.99 0.86 0.92 0.83 0.63 0.99 3.6 3 iTotal en 3.6 3.4 3.1 2.7 2.3 INitrogen I from It can be seen from Table 7.3-1, the concentration of pollutions in road ground rainwater changes high to low. The concentration reaches the maximum during the first 15 minutes and then gradually decreases and becomes stable after one hour of rain. Discharge source intensity of pollutions of the For this project, the discharge source intensity of pollutions can be calculated on the basis ground average value of concentration of pollutions in the ground rainwater of the first 2 hours BY Table rainwater volume of the bridge over the Minjiang River. For calculation results, please see 7.3-2. Table 7.3-2 Discharge Source Intensity of Bridge Ground Pollutions (Unit: Kg/d) NTtalog Item CODc, BOD 5 Oil SS Total Phosphor Pollutions in Bridge 40.8 6.8 0.7 95.2 0.28 1.02 Ground Rainwater 73.4 Assessment Factors River, According to the pollution discharge condition and the characteristics of water in Minjiang ( (),), oil atid SS are selected as the factors to be evaluated. 73.5 Mode of Forecast Use the Bank Discharge Mode of the Stable Mixed Attenuation Accumulative Flow Mode. = K )VC + cPQP fe(Q q + (2Qh - 21) c(x,q) exp(- Ki86400u) fh+Fdlxex(- x FMq(2Q5 q) cxq)=exp(- ' 86400uMqX,;;0 t 4Mqx) L 4Mqx jJ1 15i Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project q = Huy M = H2 uM Whereinto: q ' x- the distance between the point of forecast and the point of discharge, m; y- the horizontal distance between the point of forecast and the point of discharge, m; K.- the degradation coefficient of pollutions in the river, I /d; c- the concentration of pollutions at the point (x,y) of forecast, mg/L; c,,- concentration of pollutions in wastewater, mg/L; Q,- wastewater flow, m3is; c1 ,- concentration of pollutions in the upstream of the river, mg. L; H- average depth of water in the river, m; M,- horizontal mixture (diffusion) coefficient of the river, m2/s; u- flow rate of the river, m/s; ir-pi 7.3.6 Hydrological characteristics From Zhuqi Hydrological Station on, the area of the region of Minjiang River is 54, 500km2 . According to the hydrological data collected from Zhuqi Hydrological Station, from 1990-1995, the average annual flow rate is 168m3 /s and the average annual flow is 53.2 billion m3. The area of Yongtai Hydrological Station of Dazhang River that runs into Nangang is 4,032km2 and from 1956- 1986, the average annual flow is 5.46 billion m3. The measured minimum flow of Zhuqi Hydrological Station is 196m3 /s (1971). After the construction of Shuikou hydroelectric power station (1994), the minimum let-down flow rate is 308m 3/s and reaches 511 rn3/s at Zhuqi Hydrological Station. Minjiang River splits near Huaian. For the split ratio of Nangang and Beigang and changes of flow, please see Table 7.3-3. Table 7.3-3 Nangang and Beigang Split Ratio Hydrological Period Zhuqi Flow (m'/s) Beiganiz i") __ alwai Low-water season 600 100.0 - 0°0 Calm-water season 2200 82.40 1I-_6 High-water season 8000 55.84 | 44.16 j The tide of Minjiang River is the regular half-day tide. During the low-water season, the boundary of the big-tide area is near Houguan, but the tide can reach as far as Wenshanli. So, basically, during the low-water season, Nangang has no flow from the Jiyuanzhou region and only has tide water. Kuiqi Bridge crosses over Beigang. 73.7 Results of forecast and assessment Select the average flow rate during low-water season for forecast. Please refer to Tables 7.3-4-7.3-6 for the results of forecast. 155 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 7.3-4 Forecast of Impact of Bridge Deck Rainwater on Water Quality (CODc,) of Minjiang Ri\ei Beigang l nit. nmg L ,.\( ) Y HII) 10 20 30 1( 2.9919 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 30 1.7272 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 50 1.3377 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 70 1.1304 0.0009 0.0000 0.0000 90 0.9968 0.0039 0.0000 0.0000 110 0.9016 0.0096 0.0000 0.0000 130 0.8292 0.0177 0.0000 0.0000 150 0.7719 0.0275 0.0000 0.0000 170 0.7250 0.0383 0.0000 0.0000 190 0.6857 0.0493 0.0000 0.0000 210 0.6521 0.0603 0.0000 0.0000 230 0.6231 0.0709 0.0001 0.0000 250 0.5975 0.0809 0.0002 0.0000 270 0.5749 0.0902 0.0003 0.0000 290 0.5547 0.0989 0.0006 0.0000 310 0.5364 0.1069 0.0008 0.0000 330 0.5199 0.1143 0.0012 0.0000 350 0.5047 0.1210 0.0017 0.0000 370 0.4908 0.1271 0.0022 0.0000 390 0.4780 0.1326 0.0028 0.0000 400 0.4720 0.1352 0.0032 0.0000 Table 7.3-5 Impact of Bridge Surface Runoff on Water Quality (Oil) of Minjiang River (mg/L) X(m)\Y(m) 0 10 20 30 10 0.0499 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 30 0.0288 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 50 0.0223 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 70 0.0188 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 90 0.0166 0.0001 0.0000 0.0000 110 0.0150 0.0002 0.0000 0.0000 130 0.0138 0.0003 0.0000 0.0000 150 0.0129 0.0005 0.0000 0.0000 170 0.0121 0.0006 0.0000 0.0000 190 0.0114 0.0008 0.0000 0.0000 210 0.0109 0.0010 0.0000 0.0000 230 0.0104 0.0012 0.0000 0.0000 250 0.0100 0.0013 0.0000 0.0000 270 0.0096 0.0015 0.0000 0.0000 290 0.0092 0.0016 0.0000 0.0000 310 0.0089 0.0018 0.0000 0.0000 330 0.0087 0.0019 0.0000 0.0000 350 0.0084 0.0020 0.0000 0.0000 370 0.0082 0.0021 0.0000 0.0000 390 0n0080 0.0022 0.0000 0.0000 400 0.0079 0.0023 0.0001 0.0000 Table 7.3-6 Impact of Bridge Surface Runoff on Water Quality (SS) of Minjiang River (mg/L) 156 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project X(m)\Y(m) 0 10 20 30 10 6.9811 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 30 4.0301 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 50 3.1213 0.0001 0.0000 U.0(00 70 2.6377 0.0021 0.0000 0.0000 __ 90 2.3260 0.0090 0.0000 0.0000 110 2.1037 0.0223 0.0000 0.0000 130 1.9349 0.0413 0.0000 0.0000 150 1.8010 0.0643 0.0000 0.0000 170 1.6916 0.0893 0.0000 0.0000 190 1.5999 0.1151 0.0000 0.0000 210 1.5216 0.1407 0.0001 0.0000 230 1.4538 0.1653 0.0002 0.0000 250 1.3943 0.1887 0.0005 0.0000 270 1.3415 0.2105 0.0008 0.0000 290 1.2943 0.2308 0.0013 0.0000 310 1.2517 0.2495 0.0020 0.0000 330 1.2130 0.2666 0.0028 0.0000 350 1.1777 0.2822 0.0039 0.0000 370 1.1453 0.2965 0.0051 0.0000 390 1.1154 0.3095 0.0066 0.0000 400 1.1013 0.3155 0.0074 0.0000 The above forecasts show that, because the concentrations of CODC,, oil, and SS in the bridge deck rainwater are low and the flow rate at Kuiqi section of Minjiang Beigang is high, so the bridge deck rainwater has a limited impact on the water quality of Minjiang River. 157 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 7.4 Assessment of Risk of Accidents on the Bridge during the Operation Period Operation of Kuiqi Bridge will have a certain degree of impact on the water environment of Minjiang River, especially if vehicles carrying hazardous substances fall from the bridge into the river or major spill occur and hazardous liquid materials released and discharged into the river. In these accidents, the water of the river will be seriously polluted, petontially threatening health of residents in the downstream region and aquatic life. This section assesses this potential risk. 7.4.1 Hazards afiecting the water qualitv of the river in cases of traffic accidents If traffic accidents happen to vehicles carrying toxic and/or hazardous substances, the toxic and/or hazardous substances may be released with the water flow and cause serious pollution of the water. Toxic and hazardous substances include ammonia, fuels, cyanides, pesticides, and other che'micals, etc. A dangerous river section refers to the section where if human beings drink the water there might be danger of poison, injury or death. Using the transient-point source 1-dimension river water quality model, the length of the polluted river section and duration of pollution may be predicted. The model is as follows: C(x,t) = M exp[(x utD) CXt 4=;Dt 4Dt Where M is the intensity of the transient-point source and is equal to the quantity of goods dumped in the river. Suppose M=1t (because different vehicles have different loads, so for the purpose of the investigation, assume M=lt); in u = Q, Q is the waterflow of the river, A is the area of section water A passes. D is the diffusion coefficient in the vertical direction (m2 Is). D=0.01 lu2B2 hu. u = gr is the distance from the point of forecast to the source of pollution, t is the duration (s) after the source of pollution is put. With this formula, you can forecast the distribution of toxic and/or hazardous substances in the river after traffic accidents happen on the bridge. On basis of this, you can determine the length and duration of each of the dangerous section, monitored section and index-exceeding section. Table 7.4-1 Analysis of Pollution of Traffic Accidents Length of Period of Monitored | Period of Index-exceeding Period of Dangerous Danger Section Monitoring Section Length Index-exceeding River (min) Length (kn) (niin) (km) (h) Section(m) 400 47 3 106 42.5 28 It can be seen from Table 7.4-1 that the hazards caused to the water quality of Minjiang River by traffic accidents involving toxic and/or hazardous substances are high. The length of the dangerous section is 400 meters long and its duration is 47 minutes. It is worth noting that each affected section in Table 7.4-1 refers to the accumulated length of the section and the duration is also the accumulated time. It does not mean that the whole section exceeds the index during the period. In the initial period, it is the upstream section that exceeds the index, but the downstream section is not affected yet; however, later, the downstr-eam section exceeds the index and the upstream section might have already been restored to 158 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban De,elopnient Projeci the normal condition. This kind of impact is not frequent, but a potential hazard. The possibility of this kind of impact or hazard shall be assessed by the risk. 7.4.2 Risk calculation In environtology, the general and strict definition of "Risk" is: R (Risk) is the product of P (the probability of accidents) and C (the environmental or health consequences of the accident), i.e. Hazard Accident Hazard Unit Time Unit Time Accide nt Hazard of accident generally refers to personal injury or death. So it is usually expressed by the number of deaths. But sometimes it is expressed by economic indexes or other indexes. According to the characteristics of the water environment, this assessment uses the length of the dangerous river section as the consequences of hazards to calculate the risk. If the number of people along the river banks and the number of people of the unit river length are known, it is very easy to convert this into the general risk that uses the number of injuries and deaths as the indexes. 7.4.2.1 Probability analysis of pollution accidents Probability of pollution accidents is expressed by the frequency of vehicles tippling over on the bridge. On the road, many factors are related to the tippling over of vehicles carrying toxic and hazardous chemicals near the waters. These factors include traffic conditions (personal factors of the driver, load of chemical products, speed, traffic flow, road conditions, etc), the weather conditions of the region where the road is located, the length the road crosses the river, etc. Through analysis, probability of these kinds of traffic accidents can be expressed by the following formula: P=PoCI 'C2 *C3 *C4 *C5 Whereinto: P0 is the frequency of traffic accidents within the original road section, times/year; C, is the rate of lowering traffic accidents after the new road is constructed; C2 is the ratio of trucks among all the vehicle types; C3 is the ratio of chemical product transportation among the whole quantity of. cargo transportation; C4 the ratio of the river section passed by among the whole section; C5 is the ratio of vehicles tippling over among general accidents (15%). 7.4.2.2 Analysis and determination of parameters (1) P0 reflects the frequency of traffic accidents caused by traffic conditions, road conditions and transportation condition of this road section, the local weather conditions, local dri\ci 's personlul factors, etc. Because the bridge is a new bridge, now take the data collected from an expressway in the southern part of China. This expressway is 153 kilometers long. The average annual traffic accidents per year from 1985 to July 1991 is 950 times/year. The formula is as follows: 159 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 1.11km=689 Po = 950times!! X 153km = times/Y Whereinto, 1.11 km is the length of this project. (2) C, reflects the lowered frequency of traffic accidents on the road due to improvements in road conditions, traffic conditions and safety management conditions. This parameter can be determined via long-term survey, statistics, comparison and analysis of accidents on expressways and common roads. Data shows that, compared with common roads, the rate of traffic accidents on expressways is 0.25 lower This project is an urban expressway, so Cl is 0.25. (3) C, is the ratio of trucks among all vehicle types. It is predicted in the feasibility study report of this proJect that in 2010 the ratio of trucks is 45% and in 2020 the ratio is 43%. (4) C( represents the ratio of vehicles carrying chemical products among all trucks. For this project, it is § 130,, (5) C4 tS the length of the river crossed by the road. For this project, it is 360 meters. 7.4.2.3 Calculation results and analysis The probability of pollution-causing traffic accidents is shown in Table 7.4-2. Table 7.4.-2 Probability of pollution-causing traffic accidents on Kuiqi Bridge (%) 52010 2020 P 1.95 1.87 It can be seen from Table 7.4-2 that the probability of pollution-causing traffic accidents on Kuiqi Bridge is very low. For the risk, please refer to Table 7.4-3. Table 7.4-3 Risk of pollution-causing traffic accidents on Kuiqi Bridge (m) 2010 2020 R 7.81 7.46 The risk in Table 7.4-3 is expressed by the length of dangerous river section. From Table 7.4-3 it can be seen that the accident hazard for once in a 100 year accident will be about 7.81 m of river section (2010) and 7.46 m of river section (2020) respectively . Therefore, although the consequence of such accidents is severe and impacts would be very signficant, the risk of such accident occurrence is relatively small. 7.43 Accident control and emergency response plan 7.43.1 Control of accidental dishcarges Accidental pollution caused by vehicles passing Kuiqi Bridge shall be prevented. To prevent special leakage of dangerous goods during transport, the transportation management authorities shall manage the permits and the public security authorities shall issue the permit for transport. When an accident happens, the local environmental protection bureau, public security bureau and the transportation management authorities shall combine their efforts in handling the accidents. 160 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pert-Urbani De\elopnient Project a. Permit for hazar,dous materials transport To transport dangerous goods, permits shall be obtained in advance from the transportation management authorities and the permit for transportation shall also be obtained. The trucks must be in good condition and equipped with fire extinguishing equipment and marks of dangerous goods. Three-wheel automobile vehicles, non-automobile vehicles and motorcycles are forbidden to transport dangerous goods. b. Permit for transport dangerous goods To transport explosives or chemical products, the carrier must hold the permit issued by the public security authorities for transporting explosives or chemical products. In addition, both permrits would have requirements for drivers. All tank drivers must go through appropriate training for driving sfaety, handling of hazardous or dangerous goods, emergency procedures, etc. Permits would not be issued to any drivers without such periodical training. c. Emergency measures for accidents The national law on environmental protection states that, when an accident happens, the agency that is responsible or the agency that might be responsible shall take immediate measures, notify the organizations and residents that are affected or might be affected, and report the accident to the local environmental protection authorities and other related authorities for investigations. Pursuant to the national laws and regulations regarding water and air pollution prevention and mitigation, and Fuzhou municipal regulations regarding pollution prevention and mitigation. after Kuiqi Bridge is constructed in the future, accidents of leakage of dangerous goods in this section shall be co-handled by the municipal environmental protection bureau, public security bureau and transportation management authorities. 7.43.2 Emergency measures for management of pollution incidents Traffic-lead pollution incident shall be prevented. Especially for emergency oil pollution or other kinds of pollution, only emergency measures can be taken. It is important to thoroughly implement the "prevention primary and safety first" policy, which contains the following aspects: (1) The guiding policy for pollution-causing accidents is the focus on prevention and strenthening of management; (2) While investigating into the risk of environmental pollution caused by accidents, establish a corresponding emergency plan to minimize the losses; The precondition for implementing this is to make assessment on the environmental risk of the project. Only after the risk types, probability of accidents and the environmental impact of accidents have been defined can specific measures be taken to prevent accidents from happening, thus eliminating the hidden dangers of accidents or lowering the probability of accidents. An emergency response plan basically includes the following aspects: * Establish a system for response to emergency accidents: In order to respond quickly to emergency accidents, corresponding organizations shall be established. These organizations include the command and coordination center, information center, monitoring center and post-accident work team. * Command center: This center shall be headed by the road constructor and includes the environmental protection authorities, drinking water supplying company, water resources bureau, water product bureau, pollution cleaning company, etc. It shall be equipped with complete communications equipment. When allowed by conditions, start up the 110 alert 161 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project system to improve the efficiency of response. Its responsibilities include establishing the emergency system, coordinating the emergency response multi-lateral relationships and commanding the elimination of pollution-causing accidents. * Information center: This center shall be organized by the scientific research and study units. Its main responsibilities include giving proposals for pollution-preventing equipment, types of equipment, quantities and the storage place according to the historical data, data on natural resources and results of research, and, on the basis of the types of possible accidents, such as collisions. explosions. etc. quickly and scientifically making the guidelines for dealing with emergency accidents to facilitate the decision-making process of the command and coordination center. At the same time, this center shall follow up on accidents and assess its own work so as to improve the work procedures or adjust the orientation of research. * Monitoring center: Currently this function is mainly performed by the environmental protection or environmental monitoring authorities. A laboratory shall be established for this purpose. The laboratory shall be equipped with corresponding instruments for analysis and testing, such as gas chromatograph, etc. Its main duty is to conduct analysis of the pollution of the whole water environment and submit reports. * Post-accident work team: This team will consist of professional environmental protection personnel (when necessary, legal advisors can be invited). Its main responsibility is to conduct legal research and carry out negotiations regarding pollution-cleaning costs and claims for damages caused by pollution. * Establish the supervision and reporting system: An emergency response system mainly establishes an operation plan that is operable and suitable. This plan is very helpful for handling of emergency accidents. It mainly includes issuing notices, assessments, decisions, mobilization and post-accident work, etc. The routine monitoring and information receiving is mainly the responsibility of the constructor that, once an accident happens, receives and information and without delay notifies the command center, etc, and starts up the emergency response system. * Training and practices: After the emergency plan for accidents has been made. the emergency team (including the water resources bureau, environmental protection bureau, etc) shall, in compliance with the requirements of the plan, carry out practices periodically under presumed conditions and organize theoretic studies to test the operability, suitability and completeness of the plan. In addition, the emergency team shall organize the compiling of Manual for Response to Emergency Accidents. Each member of the team shall hold one copy for reference. * Drills: periodical drilling will be conducted to help testing the effectiveness of the emergency response system and to ensure the relevant personnel are familiar with the appropriate procedures in case of an accidents on the bridge inovlving tank tanks containing hazardous or otherwise dangerous goods. All elements of the emergency plan will be tested in such drills and through which weakness, if any, will be identified. Such drills will help rectify the drawbacks in the system. The drills will be conducted periodically to re-fresh the relevant people involved. t162 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 7.5 Mitigaiton Measures for Water Impacts 7.5.1 Mitigation Measures for Water Impacts during the Construction Period (1) Measures for treatment of living wastewater within the construction area Deomestic wastewater during construction mainly comes from construction camps, especially those in the less built up areas such as the 3RR/II and Kuiqi bridge construction sites where there may not be municipal sewer services. Anaerobic treatment such as septic tanks will be adopted in the construction camps to provide the necessary treatment before discharged to the receiving water. Anaerobic treatment is the most widely used means of treatment on construction sites. The facilities for treatment are septic tanks. Living wastewater is discharged after being treated in septic tanks. During the process of use, depending on the design parameters of the septic tank, excavate and clear it regularly. The wastes shall be transported to the treatment yard where they will be exposed to strong sunlight and be sterilized. (2) Measures for treatment of production wastewater within the construction area Production wastewater within the construction area mainly comes from the washing water of the sand, machinery, vehicles, the floor for concrete agitating and mixing, tank cars, etc. During the process of separating the sand and stones materials, huge amounts of water will be used for washing. The washing water contains a lot of sand but no other toxic or hazardous matter. Materials washing water shall be recycled by the contractor. Sediment it in the deep pits from which the sand and/or stone is excavated. Production-used water will be supplied from Beigang and be sediment for recycled use. Part of the wastewater, after sedimentation, can be sprayed on the worksite to prevent dust. This can not only help reduce the cost of water supply and save water resources, but also lower the cost of pit backfilling. Wastewater from washing machinery and vehicles contains not only huge amounts of oil but also suspended substances, such as sand, etc. These kinds of wastewater are usually treated in sedimentation cells and oil/water separation systems. In order to treat the production wastewater on the worksite, the contractor has already built multi-level sedimentation cells near the place for vehicle washing Wastewater of the heavy-vehicle shop, the light-vehicle shop and mainitenanice shop is dlichalacdL \ Ia hidden pipes into sedimentation cells. In order to ensure the effectiveness of treatrment. oil xNatel separation cells have been made behind the maintenance shop to pretreat the productioni \astev.ater from the maintenance shop. Production wastewater from the maintenance shop is small in volume but high in oil content. After treatment, the oil content in production wastewater is usually below S mgll. and conforms to the national Class I standard for wastewater discharge. The concrete agitating and mixing system has been set up on the site. The wastewater from concrete agitating, mixing and washing is alkaline. The content of suspended matter is high and, besides, the pH value is above 11. After being treated in sedimentation cells, the pH value still exceeds the index. However, because the flow is small, it has a small degree of impact on the main stream of Beigang. (3) Prevention and treatment of wastewater from construction of the pile foundation and bridge deck When excavating the pier foundation, sediment/filter the slurry to prevent it from silting in the river 163 Fmn\ronmiental Impact Asscssnient Fuznou Naitai Island Per-Urban Development Project basin. So, during the construction period, the constructor shall strictly implement the Temporary Rules for Civilized Construction and Environmental Management on Construction Site and design the system for discharge of ground water to prevent pollution of the roads and environment. 1) Wastewater from maintenance of concrete. To maintenance the concrete, directly spray/brush the plastisol on the surface of the concrete. After the plastisol has volatized, a plastic film will form on the surface of the concrete to isolate the concrete from air. 2) Enhance construction management, especially monitoring over the quality of Minjiang River during the construction period. 3) The piling yard for construction materials shall be far away from ground waters. It shall be free of rainwater flow. The piling yard for powder materials shall be covered with canvas, etc. In addition, an open channel shall be dug around the yard to prevent rainwater flow. 4) When constructing a structure under the water, set up a steel cofferdam around it. At the same time, to prevent slag and oil from falling into the water, set up a mitigation net, etc at the place where the cofferdam extends towards the waters. 5) Do not discard the slag from construction of the pier directly into the waters. Transport it to the bank for proper disposal. When transporting the slag up to the bank, effective measures shall be taken to prevent slag from falling in the waters. After being transported to the bank, slag shall be disposed in time. When possible, use it as the roadbase material. Otherwise, after obtaining agreement from related authorities, dispose it in a cove where the rainflow is small. Besides, corresponding measures shall be taken to prevent soil loss. 6) Enhance management of construction machinery. Prevent oil leakage from construction machinery and construction vessels. 7) During the construction of underwater structures, enhance communications with the navigation management authorities and reasonably arrange the construction time. Structures at the point of pier construction shall use the waming red color. When necessary, ask the navigation management authorities to dispatch dedicated personnel to guide passing vessels. 7.5.2 Prevention and treatment of water pollution during the operation period During the operation period, the impact of road surface source pollution on the water is small. Obvious pollution often comes from vehicles carrying hazardous goods. Experiences show that the probability of accidents on the bridge that lead to water pollution is very low. However, in order to prevent pollution, corresponding measures shall also be ready in place. During the construction period, rainflow on the bridge deck shall not be directly discharged into the river. It shall be guided into the dike. In addition, buffering cells shall be built at the point of discharge, namely at the both ends of Kuiqi Bridge, so that when pollutants are leaked, they can be guided into the cells for treatment. Surveying and comparison shows that, at the worst. two 5T vehicles might collide with each other and cause leakage of lOT toxic substances, so one I0-m3 buffering cells shall be built at each end of the bridge. For management of accidents, please refer to the chapter dedicated to risk assessment. 164 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 8 Baseline, Assessment and Mitigatin Measures for Cultural Relics 8.1 Cultural property Nantai Island is surrounded by rivers, with tranquil environment and enjoyable climate. There are hills, waters and unique historic landscapes. There is a batch of reserved buildings of various wester-ni styles. such as former Russian and American consulates, Fanchuanpu Church, segmental Gothic and Rome arches, residences of Sino-western combined style. Furthermore, there are lots of Chinese traditional cultural properties and sites on the island and in other parts of Fuzhou, such as Lingshan Temple at Luozhou Town, Confucian Temple, former Chen Ruolin house, Jianxin Town's Jinshan Temple, Chengmen Town's Qingliang Temple, Chen Clan Temple and Ruiji Temple's white Buddha. Also, there are more than 120 developed scenic spots in the city; some of which are cultural properties of Ming and Qing Dynasties, totaling about 84 spots, accounting for 68 %. Moreover, there are 22 cultural properties of Han, Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties; modem cultural properties are 17. Three of those historic and cultural relics are province-level historic reservations, 28 municipality-level and 43 district-level, the rest of them are registered cultural properties. Refer to table below for historic and cultural relics and tourist spots at Cangshan District. Table 8.1-1 Main historic and cultural relics and tourist spots at Cangshan District Town NAME Jiancheng Jiannan Bridge, Anlan Club, Christian Tiantang, Luyi library, Siwan Building, former District Russian Consulate, former American Consulate, Lin Sen Club, Qingliang Temple, Guangdong Club, Fanchuanpu Catholic Church, Cai Zhonghui Temple, Caixiang Memorial Hall Gaishan Zheng Clan Temple, Qixing Bridge, Yixu General Temple, Chen Ruolin tomb, Yixu Huang Town Clan Temple, Pushan Temple, former Yan Fu House, Wushan Lin Clan Temple. Shanggaishan Miaofeng Temple Chengmen Wen Tianxiang Temple, Pan Clan Temple, Loyal Temple, Baimawang Temple, Shangshu Town Stone Memorial Archway, Jinshi Wood Archway, Linqiao Bridge, Lin Sangshu Clan Temple, Lin Jizhai Clan Temple, Lin Jianquan Clan Temple, Lianjiang School, Temporary Dwelling Palace of Emperor Song, Lin Han Tomb, Longrui Temple, Ruiji Temple Bai Buddha, former Chen Shaokuang House, Chen Clan Temple, Shibu Double-Pagoda, Qingfu Stone Pagoda Luozhou Lingshan Temple, Chen's Wulou, Chen Clan Temple, Tianhou Palace, former Chen Ruolin Town house, Confucian Temple, Guanlan School Jianxin Jinshan Temple, Xiangshu Clan Temple, Yuping Villa, Chen Dong Loyal Temple, General Town Temple, Jianxin Miaofeng Temple, Longjiang Temple Cangshan Q Kun Temple, Liu Qiu Tomb Group District Cultural properties that are relatively close to and potentially affected by Nanjiang Binlu are Fanchuanpu Church and Anlan Club. Nanjiang Binlu passes by Lianjiang School and temporary dwelling palace of Song Emperor by about 200-300m away and at this distance, it is considered tehre would be no direct impacts to these two cultural properties. 165 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Nantai Island enjoys a beautiful environment. Along Minjiang River and Wulongjiang River are scenic landscapes with lots of p,eaks and green orchids. There are rich cultural and folk resources, cultural properties and famous historic persons. Overhead Tongsan Highway passes the island. There is an environment combining the nature with cultural landscapes, which are Qingliang Temple and ancient residences and modem buildings. Natural landscapes include wood land, wetland, migrant birds, ancient trees and Minjiang water. Rich tourist resources are potential advantages to develop Cangshan District. Cangshan District adheres to the principle of developing and protecting the existing tourist resources; paying importance to key spots, developing them integrally and mutual promotion. It brings Cangshan's position advantages into full play and strengthens tourist infrastructure construction. On the basis of rich natural and cultural landscapes, the plan of developing "river, water, beach and island", it shall develop Gaogaishan, Miaofengshan and Qingliangshan scenic spots; construct Chengmen Huaxia Century Park, Junbian Zoo, Luozhou green resort, Jianxinshazhou and ecological farm sightseeing park, so as to build a cultural and tourist strip along the river at Cangshan District, which will integrate natural landscapes with cultural relics, attract people from other places to visit, thus promoting the development of holiday economy. 8.2 Impact on Historical Relics and Cultural property Of the environmental protection sensitive points, the most sensitive is the Fanchuanpu Catholic Church. It is located to the south of the route. A length of 80 meters of Nanjiang Binlu will go through the north of the church. The mileage is K2-+-824 - K2+870. Please see Fig. 3.4.3-1. This church was constructed on the sandy land of Minjiang River in the year of 1933. It is the activity center for Catholic Christians in Fuzhou even in Fujian. Usually on Sundays, about 4000-5000 people attend the mass. In the time of important feasts, tens of thousands of people come to the church. The church itself cannot hold them, so the square before the church serves as the temporary hub for these people. Up to now, this church has received thousands of foreign friends and missionaries. It is an important site for exchange of eastern-western cultures and also the base for our government to show the religious freedom in China. Phase I of Nanjiang Binlu will move part of the dormitory for workers of the church and take part of the square. So Phase I OF Nanjiang Binlu has impact on the church. However, proper measures shall be taken to protect the church. Negotiate with the church to solve the issues of taking part of the square and moving part of the dormitories of the workers of the church. 8.3 Background of the Church Among the sensitive receptors of this project, the Fanquanpu Cathedral is most sensitive of all. The catholic church is located south of the proposed alignment and at K2+924 to K2+870, about 80 m long f thc \a\anc iahldI road \x i1loccupy north part of the church yard. I he clhurch ~Nas flirst constructed in 1933 on the bank of Minjiang river. Since then, the church has been the activity center for catholic religion in Fuzhou and Fujian province. Uusually, there are about 4000-5000 attending service Sundays and on more important religionous holidays there can be 10,000 166 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project people attending service and celebration. The crowd in those times is so big that they cannot all stand inside the church and will have to stay in the yard. Up to date, the church has accepted serveral thousands of foreign preisets and missionaries and become of acenter for international exchange on region regionous activities and cultures. The church compound contains a main church building where services will be held and all administrative and dormitory building for preists and supporting staff. There is also a relioneous statue in the yard in front of the church building. The entire compound, including all the buildings has been designated as provincial level protected cultural relics. The church now is surrounded by the river to the north, a school and residential areas to the south and west and a small shipyard to the east. In fact what is the shipyard today was also church property and due to historical reasons, the shipyard was taken away from the church and has been operating as an industrial facility. The proposed road will occupy north part of the yard. Although the road will not affect the main chuch building direclty, it will need to remove and relocate the adminstration and dormitory buildings. 833 Noise Impact 8.3.3.1 Construction Noise and Mitigation Based on noise levels of the typical construction activities, noise levels from road construction will exceed the Construction Site Boundary Noise Standards (GB12523-90) by 3-9dB(A) by day time and, if there is night time ocnstruction, by 10-23dB(A) at night. The night time noise impacts will not affect any services (no service at night) but it would affect the residetns at the cilur chi dol litori. In order to mitigate and minimize noise impacts, the following measures will be taken: * Strict prohibit any high noise consturction activities during the church services, noon breaks and night time. For other construction activities, contractors will be requested to use low noise machinery where possible or taken noise control measures such as noise barriers at the site. Power generators will be banned at the areas near the church * Temporary noise barriers at the church site will be used to minigate the noise impacts. Earth work will be arranged with several machinery operating simultaneously to minimize the construction time. * In the event night timne construction must be conducted, the contractors are qurested to consult the church before hand to ensure the church is preapred for these activities and to ensure any ocncem from the church will be addressed. 833.2 Operation Phase Noise Impacts and Mitigation Operation phase noise impact assessment 167 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Noise model presented earlier in this report shows that noise levels along the proposed road alignment will increase after project completion. This will be particularly so for the Fanchuanpu church as there is no road or other major noise sources so the incremental increase in noise would be apparent. After Nanjiangbulu road completion, noise at the church will exceed the applicable Class II standards as sho\\ in Table 8.3-1. When the road was first opened in planned 2006, the exeedance would be 6-8 dB(A). in 2010. 7 -9dB(A). and in 2020 9-1 IdB(A). At night time, the exceedance in the three years 10-14. 11-15 and 13-17 dB(A) respectively. Tale 8.3-1 Noise prediction at Fanchuanpu Church unit; dB(A) 2006 2010 2020 Daytime Nght Daytime Night Daytime Night 66-68 60-64 67-69 61-65 69-71 63-67 6-8 10-14 7-9 11-15 . 9-11 13-17 Noise Mitigation at Operation Phase According to the anticipated noise impacts, applicable standards and environmetal conditoins at the site, noise barriers and isolation windows will be installed for noise mitigation during operation phase. At this section, the road will be higher than the ground level and installation of noise barrier to reduce the noise from traffic to the church yard and the main church building itself will be feasible and effective. At the same time, when the administive and dormitory building was relocated and reconstructed, noise isolation windows will be installed to minize the indoor noise. The road has about 80 m through the church yard. This section of the road is about 2 m above the ground level. The noise barrier is designed to be at the curbside of the road about 200 m long and 4 m high. Based on the methodology described above, the effectiveness of the noise reduction by the noise barrier is calculated and presented in Table 8.3-2. Table 8.3-2 Noise levels at 2020 with and without noise barrier Distrance to redline Height from the bround Without noise With 4 m high (m) (m) barrier noise barrier Noise reduction 5 1.5 70.6 55 15.6 4.5 70.7 56.8 13.9 7.5 70.6 68.8 1.8 10.5 70.4 70.4 0 13.5 70.2 70.2 0 16.5 69.9 69.9 0 19.5 69.5 69.5 0 10 1.5 69.6 58.3 11.3 4.5 69.6 60 9.6 7.5 69.6 66.4 3.2 10.5 69.5 69.5 0 13.5 69.3 69.3 0 16.5 69.1 69.1 0 19.5 68.9 68.9 0 168 Environmental Impact Assessnment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project As seen in the table, after, the noise barrier, noise levels at 5 m from the red line and 1.5 to 7.5 m from the ground level will be reduced by about 1.8 ~-15.6 dB(A). As such the noise barrier can effectively mitigate the noise impacts although 5 m above the ground noise would still exceed the Calss II standards. At 10 m from the road, the noise reduction would be about 3.2 - 11.3 dB(A). There are other measures such as moving this section of the road underground but after detailed comparison and considering all technical, engineering, economic factors, the underground tunnel option is not considered feasible. Noise barriers are selected as the mitigation measures for the noise mitigation. The design of the nosie barrier shall be hannonized with the church and the surrounding environment. 8.33.3 Vibration Impacts and Mitigation To evaluate the vibration impacts, vibration data from a similar road in Guangzhou (the Zoo Section of Guangzhou Inner Ring Road) are used. The once every three month vibration monitoring data, including 1.5 year construction period and 2 year operation period are presented in Table 8.3-2. This section of the Guangzhou ring road is surface road and the monitoring point is 8 m from the curbside. Similar to the proposed road at the church, the Zoon section of the Guangzhou Inner Ring Road did not have any road or traffic before the ring road project. The data show that even during the peak hour traffic with several thousand vehicles passing through the road section, the vibration has been within the standard of 70 dB(A). At the Fanchuanpu church road section, the traffic volume would be much smaller and- the vibration level would further be lower, indicating the impact of traffic on the road would have only limited impact. Table 8.3-2 Vibration Monitoring at Zoo Section of Guangzhou Inner Ringroad Item Before open to traffic After road opens ot taffic 1999.1-2000.1.27 2000.1.28-2002.6 Vibration Level <50 dB 51.1-64.4 dB Taffic volume No traffic 471-3564 /hr. Although the vibration levels are not expected to be high or exceed the applicable standards, it is still a concem, in light of the church building. The building was constructed in 1933 and all the drawings and foundation information have been lost over the years. Continued vibration over years of traffic could have impacts to struture safety particular if the foundation is not particularly solid and strcutre of the building has weak elements. Mitigation for vibration The main church building will be strengthened structurally to mitigate the impact of vibration and to ensure the safety of the buildings and people. The approach to the building strengthening is to maintain the original architectural style, structural integrity, appearance particularly the outer appearance of the building and "repair the old building to look old". On the basis of a detailed site investigation and structural analysis of the building and with the considerations of the potential vibration during project constr-uction and operation, Fuzhou Building Science Research Institute has developed a strengthening and reinforcement plan. The plan consists of 169 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project the following elements for structural strengthening: * For bricklaying and stonelaying structure, in order to maintain the architectural style of the church building, the strengthening will be made at the interior walls. Reinforced concrete strengthening walls will be built inside walls but as in bricklaying style to ensure the consistency with the style. Some structural elements will be supported by steel beams. * The exterior walls will be treated for weathering proof, and cracked walls will be perfused with concrete to prevent extension of the cracks. * The cracks on the walls suggested uneven settlement of the building. Foundation will therefore need to be strengthened by increased the foundation areas. * The roof structure will be calculated for its safe loads. If the result of the calculation proves the need, the roof will be reinforced by increased cross-sectional areas or other methods * For wood structure and elements, all cracks will be perfused and steel joints reinforced. * For stone windows, structural glues will be used to strengthen their integrity * New structural supporting columns will be added to the building to increase its ability to resist vibration or earthquakes. * Concrete column top joints will be further reinforced. The above is the preliminary church building strengthening and reinforcement plan. Further structure study and evaluation is needed to confirm the above plan and this study will be conducted prior to the start of the plan implementation. The estimated costs for the above plan, as well as further expert evaluation and design will be about RMB 1.23 million 8.3.3.4 Air impacts and Mitigation Base on air modeling described above, the air quality impacts at the church are presented in the following tables. 3 Table 8-3 1Under common conditions. impacts of vehicle emission llnit: mg/m Se&n\Itl\ location Distance 2010 2015 2020 ieceptol location (im) CO NO CO NO 2 CO NO2 Church K2+35 throu 0.224 0.074 0.271 0.091 0.319 0.178 i K2±350 through009 Table 8-4 Stable conditions, impacs of vehicle emissions unit: mg/m 3 Name Distance Distance 2010 2010 2020 (m) CO NO2 CO NO2 CO NO2 Chuch K2+315- Passing 0.444 0.148 0.539 0.181 0.633 0.353 K(2+350 through The above tables show that regardless of the weather conditions, CO can meet the applicable standards. Under common weather conditions, NO2 concentations can meet the applicable standars at the church but would increase over years. Under stable weather conditions however, the concentration would exceed the standard in 2020. 170 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project The impact assessment results indicate that the motor vehicle emissions fromp roject would not have significant impacts in term of the applicable standards but there will be incrmental increase in the church area. The mitigation meassure for motor vehicle emission control is discussed in Chapter 6 of this report. 8.3.3.4 Analysis of Alternative for the Church To mininize project impacts to the protected cultural relic, the Fanchuanpu church, four alternatives have been evaluated. These alternatives are described compared as follows: Option 1 Continued surface road * Low civil works * Well integrated with other sections of Nanjiangbinlulu * Demolish an administration building and occupy part of the church yard and thus affect the intergirty of the church complex. * Road is close to the main church building, which will be affected by the noise and emission from the traffic. Option 2 Underground tunnel * The road will not be visible at the church site and all the buildings and yard would not be affected. * The tunnel would also allow the church yard to be further expanded towards the river side and provide better view of the river. * The tunnel option would have minimum impacts from noise and motor vehicle emissions of the traffic while passing through the chuch area * The local geological conditions are not suitable for an underground tunnel and extremely complex geotechnical structure would have to be needed for the tunnel. * The tunnel would also affect the river bank, increasing the risk for bank safety, * On the both ends of the tunnel, there would be higher impact of noise and motor vehicles emissions as motor vehicles accelerate when they emit from the tunnels. These would have much higher impacts to the residents living near the ends of the tunnels. Option 3 Elevated Viaduct Option * Minimum changes to the river banks * No need to dismantle the administrative building and the statue on the yard and no direct occupation of the yard. * The church building and yard would be in the shade of noise impact areas and thus the noise impact would be lower. * The elelvated viaduct would have higher air quality impacts because of the dispersion pattern related to elevated viaduct. * The elevated viaduct would block the view of the river * The elevated viaduct would not harmonize with river bank area creating a major visual impacts. 171 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project Option 4 Extending the Road Section into the River * Don't have to dismantle the administrative building and statue and no occupation of the yard. * As the road is further away from the church, the noise and air emission impacts would be lower. * There would be impacts to river quality during construction * The in-river structure could affect flood discharge. Although the impact may be small it would be very difficult to obtain permit from the hydrology authority. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the four options have been discussed, compared, and evaluated carefully and extensively consulted with relelvant authorities and technical experts, as well as the church community. With all factors considered, the Option I has been considered the most appropriate and selected. Mitigation measures have planned and committed by the government to address the adverse impacts associated with this option. Within Option 1, there are three alternative alignments (See 8.3-1): One close to the church building) and the other away to from the building and towards the river to the maximum extent possible. The latter option is adopted by the project although it is not optimal alignment from the engineering point view but it reduce substantially the direct impacts to the church. Administrative Building Relocation The administrative and dormitory building located at the north end of the church yard will be relocated and rebuilt. The shipyard east of the church which originally belongs to the church will be returned to church and the administrative building will be rebuilt there with the same materials where possible. The rebuilt administrative and dormitory building will be identical to the existing one with the some improvement such as noise isolated windows. The plan has been consulted with the church community many times and their concerns and opinions have been incorporated into the relocation proposal. The church administration/dormitory building is a brick and wood structure with stone basement and wood floor. Basically the building is in good shape and structurally according to expert observation sound although over a nearly hundred years, some elements such as wooden windows and floors have been rotten, damaged or lost. According to detailed site survey, investigation and structure studies by historical building and structural experts from Fuzhou Building Design Institute, it has been decided to dismantle and rebuild the building at the neighboring shipyard which is to return to the church.. Based on relevant regulations, technical guidelines and site investigattons and measurements, Fuzhou Building Design Institute has developed a detailed moving and rebuilding plan for the administration/dormitory building. The main steps of this plan is described briefly as follows: * A full scaffolding will be erected to ensure careful and step by step dismantling * Before scaffolding, the contractor will conduct a detailed and thorough investigation of the building, structure, elements and other building features * Before scaffolding erection, all structure and building elements will be numbered and marked on drawings * The dismantling will start from the top and work downward. 172 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project * Each step of dismantling and every elements dismantled will be recorded as structure, size, position, level of damages, particularly the joints * All dismantled elements will be carefully and safety moved to re-construction site, segregated and stored orderly * Dismantled bricks and tiles will be cleaned, stored orderly. If any replacement is needed because of the unusable and damaged bricks, these new bricks will be placed inside and places that are not visible. * The dismantling and re-construction contractors will be carefully selected and trained. - * For wooden and other structural and building elements, if damaged, efforts will be given to repair or duplicate them according to Historical Building Wood Structure Maintenance and Strengthening Technical Guidelines (GBSO161). * The base panel at the roof appears to be totally rotteni and beyonid repaii and thus \ il hc replaced with 350xl lOx 15 sheet panels * Roof re-construction will follow the exactly the same style of the existing structure * All structures and framework will be reconstructed in the same way as the existing structure. In the places where identical re-construction cannot be achieved or re-construction in the same style is very difficult or not safe, the designers will be called in to determine the alternative construction methods with the objective to maintain the same architectural style toe the maximum extent possible. * The reconstructed administration/dormitory building will finally be painted with the paints which can best reflect the original and historical flavor. 83.4 Summry The construction of Nanjiangbinlulu would occupy part of the Fanchuanpu cathedral yard and require relocation and rebuilding the church administrative building, and a religionous statue. The road construction and operation will create visual impacts, increased, vibration, noise and worsen the ambient air quality. Following extensive consultation with the church community. a series of nutigation measures have been proposed and committed by the government including rebuild the dormmntory, return an area east of the chuch, noise barrier, noise isolation windows, strengthening of the main church building (structure and foundation) and city wide motor vehicle emission control programs, etc.These measures would reduce the adverse impacts to the acceptable levels. 173 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 9 Alternative Proposal and its Impact on Environment 9.1 Route Comparison and Selection for Nanjiangbinlulu Road 9.1.1 Comparison and selection of route design (1) Old design proposal Fuzhou Nanjiangbinlulu Road Project starts from West Cangqian Road, passes along the north of Nantai Island, intersects with Jiefang Bridge, passes Liuyi Road, Minjiang River Bride and Aofengzhou Bridge, then deviates from the old route until it reaches Jiangbianzhou, Xindangzhou, Puxiazhou of Minjiang River. After that, finally it passes Gushan Bridge (planned) and Kuiqi Bridge (planned). Nanjiangbinlulu Road starts from Pile No. 0+000 at Wet Cangqian Road and ends at Pile No. 9+000 of the planned Kuiqi Bridge, total 9.00 kilometers. The road is planned from Pile No. 0+000 to Pile No. 3+350 of Minjiang River, total 3350 meters. The planned width is 50 meters. The width of the rest planned sections is 40 meters. (2 ) New design proposal Fuzhou Nanliangbinlulu Road Project starts from West Cangqian Road, passes along the north of Nantai Island. intersects with Jiefang Bridge, passes Liuyi Road, Minjiang River Bride and Aofengzhou Bridge. This section is 4.1 kilometers. Then the route turns southward at Fuzhou No.1 IPapeu I actor.x extends soLthwar-ds the planned Qianhengnan Road. passes the Jiangbian Village and J inpu community, and connects the existing San gao Road. This section is 1.13 kilometers in total. 9.1.2 Comparison of Environment-sensitive Points In terms of environment-sensitive points for the section before Fuzhou No.1 Paper Factory, the old proposal and the new proposal are the same. The difference between the old proposal and the new one is: for the old proposal, the route deviates from the flood-prevention darn, passes Minjiang River's wetlands Jiangbianzhou, Puxiazhou, Xindangzhou and Duimianzhou, then joins the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) and Kuiqi Bridge (south); for the new proposal, the route turns south at Fuzhou No.1 Paper Factory and extends southwards, passes the Jiangbian Village, Jinpu community and Qianhengnan Road, then Intersects with San'gao Road. (3 ) Sensitive points of the old proposal The wetland passed by the old proposal is mainly Puxiazhou. Puxiazhou, including Xindangzhou, is located in Beigang, northeast of Cangshan District. The eological environment is diversified, includingzhous. etc. Thezhous have water bamboo. Along the banks and course of the grassyzhou, there are a lot of fishes, shrimps, etc. Because of sand sedimentation in the Minjiang River region, the river course is becoming shallower and shallower. Each year, villagers fill a lot of earth along the river to build houses. This is one of the reasons why the original wetlands are becoming smaller and smaller. A lot of wild geese and ducks live here. 4 Sensiun e points of the ne" proposal For the new proposal, the route passes Fuzhou No. I Paper Factory, then deviates from Minjiang River wetland, turns southwards (planned Qianhengnan Road) for 1.13 kilometers then joins the existing San'gao Road. It passes Jiangbian Village and Jinpu Community (in construction) and involves 171 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project removal of 34 buildings (18 in the east and 16 in the west). 203 families will be affected (203 in the east and 66 in the west). 9.1.3 Comparison of the two proposals Puxia wetland passed by the old proposal does not function as a natural reservoir, but also regulates the rainflow of Minjiang River, reduce the peak floods, regulates the regional climate and humidity, retains and degrades the pollutants of the upstream of Minjiang River, etc. As the main ecologicalal passage ol Fujian coast to the inland area and as the wetland chain, it protects the biological diversity of this region and provides a necessary environment for the growth of various water and wet plants. Besides, it is also a very good place for various animals to proliferate, look for foods and live. Especially, it serves as an important and indispensable station for migrant birds from the Asian-Pacific region. In case the Nanjiangbinlulu Road passes the Puxiazhou wetland, the wetland will be unavoidably damaged with great impact. Therefore, it is re-routed to South Qianheng Road, which is the best proposal to protect the wetland. 9.2 Route Comparison and Selection for the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) 9.2.1 Comparison of technical indexes of the route (1) Route of the old design According to the old design proposal, the project starts from the planned Wanbian Bridge (north) and ends at Nanjiangbinlulu Road, i.e. the planned Minjiang RiverKuiqi Bridge (south). The total length is 12.474 kilometers. The road width is 100-50 meters. The starting point of the road is the proposed Wanbian Bridge (north). It passes Shangqi Village, Sanbianzhou, Difeng River, Xingmulan Village, Menqian Zhouxin Village, Pukou Village, Qianyuan Village, Aoshan Village, Provincial Business School (north), Duyuan Village, and joins Fuxia Road between Yusanfeng Shoes Company and Futeng Industrial Park. The width of this section is 100 meters. The 3rd Ring Road passes the Fuxia Road intersection, then from the west to the east, along the east end of the fly-over bridge of Fuxia Road of the planned 3rd Ring, passes Chengmenshan, Fuquan Expressway, the planned Kuiqi Bridge (south) and intersects with Fuquan Expressway. A three-layer interconnected flyover will be built. This section is 50 wide. (2) Route of the new design As per the new design, the project starts from the planned Wanbian Bridge (north) and ends at the planned Minjiang RiverKuiqi Bridge (south). The total length is 12.474 kilometers and the road width is 79-50 meters. The route starts from the planned Wanbian Bridge (north), passes Shangqi Village, Sanbianzhou, Difeng River, Xingmulan Village, Menqian Zhouxin Village, Pukou Village, Qianyuan Village, Aoshan Village, Provincial Information Technology Professional Institute (north), Duyuan Village, and joins Fuxia Road between Yusanfeng Shoes Company and Futeng Industrial Park. This section is 79 meters wide. The 3rd Ring Road passes the Fuxia Road intersection, then from the west to the east, along the east end of the fly-over bridge of Fuxia Road of the planned 3rd Ring, passes Chengmenshan, Fuquan Expressway, the planned Kuiqi Bridge (south) and intersects with Fuquan Expressway. A three-layer interconnected flyover will be built. This section is 50 wide. 9.2.2 Comparison of Environment-sensitive Points Both the new and the old proposals are basically the same. However, the impact degree is different Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project from each other. The new proposal is made upon basis of the original one with certain adjustment to reduce impact upon sensitive locations such as the Pushan Temple, the ancient banyan trees in Wufeng Villiage and the Fujian Vocational Technology Institute of Information. Because the width of the route is changed friom 100 meters to 79 meters, the distance between the environment-sensitive points along the route and the project is increased. Among which, Yan Fu Tomb, Residence of Yan Fu and Yangqi Primary School are 100 meters or more from the project and the impact shall be fractional. So, these sites are not listed as the sensitive points; in terms of impact, the distance between the route and sensitive points is increased, so the impact on sensitive points along the route is reduced. For example, according to the old proposal, the route will pass Pushan Temple and requests removal of the staircases in front of the door and the gate of the temple. Now, according to the new proposal, the road, narrower now, is 8 meters from Pushan Temple boundary and 12m to the non-motor lane, the temple will be kept without any demolition. Another example is Fujian Provincial Information Technology Institute. According to the old proposal, three dormitories for the workers of the institute will be removed and the library will be exposed to the road. This will seriously affect the environment of the school. But, according to the new proposal, the road is narrowed and passes the side of the school. Only part of the old playground and part of the rooms for facilities will be removed. The distance from the dormitories of the workers is 3 meters. Compared with the old proposal, the impact is reduced. Comparison of earth removal amount: Because the route is narrowed and deviates at some sections, especially it deviates northwards at Duyuanshan and Chengmenshan, the new proposal, compared with the old one, involves a much smaller amount of earth removal. Investment in this respect will be reduced. 9.3 Proposal Comparison and Selection for Location of Kuiqi Bridge 93.1 Selection of Bridge Position Proposals Proposal One Kuiqi Bridge is planned for the Nantai Island of Fuzhou to join the downtown area. It crosses Minjiang River and is an important part of the 3rd Ring Road of Fuzhou City. The bridge is located in Kuiqi Village and about 560 meters from the downstream planned Mingjiang River Bridge of Fusha Railway and about 3.340 meters from the planned upstream Gushan Bridge. The river at the this location is about 600 meters wide. The south end of Kuiqi Bridge is located to the south of Linpu Village and Shaoqi Village. It joins Pile No. K11+610 of the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) (equivalent to the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II), goes northward along the planned 3rd Ring Road and crosses Minjiang River. After it reaches the north bank of Minjiang RiverKuiqi Bridge, it joins North Jiangbin Roadinterconnected flyover, which is the end of the brige. Proposal Two On the basis of the location designed in the original proposal, the bridge is shifted 340 meters northwards. it is 900 meters from the planned downstream Mingjiang River Bridge of the Fuxia Railroad and about 3000 meters from the the planned upstream Gushan Bridge. 176 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 9.3.2 Comparison and selection of design proposals Proposal One ( 1 ) Advantages The south end of the bridge is far from the residences of Linpu Village and Shaoqi Village and has a lirmited degree of impact on the residents. (2) Disadvantages The project is close (only 800 meters) to the planned downstream Mingjiang River Bridge of Fuzhou-Xiamen Railway. According to the requiremenets of navigation in rivers, the distance between bridges over the course shall not be less than 1000 meters. So this position cannot meet this request. Proposal Two ( I ) Advantages As per this proposal, the distance between this project and the planned downstream Mingjiang River of Fuzhou-Xiamen Railway is 900 and can almost meet the requirements for navigation in the river. (2) Disadvantages Because the bridge position deviates northwards, the south end of the bridge is close to the residences of Linpu Village and Shaoqi Village and has impact on the residents of both villages. According to the above analysis. Proposal One is not superior to Proposal Two from en\ ilonmental point of view; in addition, this project is lirnited by the requirements for navigation in the ri\er. so Proposal Two is selected. There are other alternative considerations for project design during the course of project preparation. Enviornmental and social impacts have been importantion factors in identifying, proposing, evaluating and selecting project design alternatives. There considerations, besides those described above, are: Alignments. A number of minor alignment variations were considered for key sections of the road, including east of Wanbian Bridge (kmO-km3) in order to reduce the impact on the local village and between km6 and kmIO in an attempt to minimize resettlement and impact on an established factory. Neither variation was considered superior and both were rejected in favour of the preferred alignment. Between FuXia Highway and FuQuan Expressway (km9-km I 1) a minor variation to the initial alignment was adopted to minimize earthworks and resettlement impact. A series of alternative interchange layouts have been considered for the junction with the Fuquan Expressway and the associated approach to the KuiQi Bridge: the preferred option will minimize resettlement and accommodate all turning movements (including any necessary toll booths). Additional alignment options east of the FuXia Highway was considered in connection with possible alternative locations of the Kuiqi Bridge and the possible construction of a combined road and rail bridge over the Min River. [Difficulties with the potential road alignment were instrumental in the decision to abandon the combined road and rail bridge. Overall, the preferred alignment was selected as it minimizes resettlement. 177 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project impact and is compatible with the City?s broader development plans to encourage the urbanization of the south of Nantai Island. Phasing. Initially it was proposed to construct the road in two phases, with an initial phase (dual 2-lanes) designed to allow the early development of adjacent areas: the subsequent upgrading to full expressway standards would be undertaken once traffic demand had been established. However, in practice, FMG was only considering a 2 year gap between initial and subsequent construction phases and it was agreed that such a plan would not be cost effective. Additionally no clear phasing plan could be devised that provided the initial access. in a cost-effective manner, without unnecessary abortive expenditure. It was lio\e\ c\e'- subsequently agreed that the construction would be phased in two sections ? the lirst between Waanbian Bridge and FuXia Highway (kmO-km8.7) and the second from FuXia Highway to Kuiqi Bridge (km8.7-kml 1). Construction of the first phase would achieve the primary objective of releasing adjacent land for development, whilst construction of the second phase would be deferred to coincide with the construction of Kuiqi. Bridge. [It is noted that traffic demand for the second phase is strongly dependent on the completion of KuiQi Bridge.] Inclusion of Kuiqi Bridge. The original proposal submitted by FMG included the completion of the 3RR(S) on Nantai Island ONLY ? ie excluding consideration of KuiQi Bridge. The bridge was zincluded in the Master Plan but construction had not been programmed. Traffic and economic analyses suggested that significant additional benefits for the 3RR(S) would accrue from the construction of the bridge linking with the remainder of the 3RR(N), the existing city centre, and also to the port and industrial areas of Mawei to the east. Following suggestions from the Bank, FMG decided to include the bridge into the Bank-financed Project. 178 Environniental Impact Assessmenit Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 10 Resettlement and impact on residents All contents and data in this chapter come from the "Plan on Non-volunteer Resettlement for Urban Traffic Projects of Fuzhou City". 10.1 Policies and statutes about immigrants' removal and resettlement Resettlement policy of the Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RR/II and the Kuiqi Bridge Project in Fuzhou City is formulated based on statutes of land acquisition and resettlement of Chinese Government, involuntary resettlement policy of the World Bank (OP4.12) and features of the Project. Existing national, provincial and municipal laws, statues and policies: (1) Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China, (2) Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations (Nov. 1, 2001) (3) Fujian Provincial Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations (Dec. l, 2002) (4) Fujian Provincial Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Monetary Indemnitv Temporal Method (Nov. 1, 2001) (5) Notice of Implementation of Urban Housing Dermolition and Relocation Management Regulations and Fujian Provincial Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations (Nov.18, 2000 RZZ (2003). No. 35 Document) (6) Decision on Approving Fuzhou Municipal Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations (Jul.28, 2000 MC (2000) No. 14 Document) (7) Guiding Opinions on Fuzhou Municipal Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Monetary Indemnity and Refunding Price (Dec.18, 2001 RFC (2001) No. 205 Document) 10.2 Estimated cost of resettlement and land acquisition for Nanjiang Binlu There are 480 urban households and 1339 residents involved in Nanjiang Binlu (phrase I). The area of housing demolition is 32,451.78 m' ( including 374.85 m' illegal area). Nanjiang Binlu (phrase I) doesn't need land acquisition. Total expenditure of resettlement is RMB 131,748,861.79 Yuan. The following project of Nanjiang Binlu will occupy some paddy fields and orchards; accessory road of Nanjiang Binlu - Qianhengnan Road also will occupy some paddy fields, dry land and involve removing some houses. Thereinto, the budget estimating of compensation of various lands occupied by Nanjiang Binlu please refer to Table 10.2- 1. 179 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 10.2-1 Budget estimating of compensation of various lands occupied by Nanjiang Binlu Annual Total Manageme Cost Tax of Contrac Item Area average comnpensation nt expense Use fee of os Tax o tac D lesipi requisition production of land of land land of farmnland t tax Integrate Total Description ed (Mu) valve resettlement acquisition ( lOuantmt) cleari occupatio Expense unit price ______- (Yuan/mu) _ _ _ _ (1.4%) ng n 3 % Marshy 43.56 3000 72000 1008 26668 900 6667 3460 11880 51750 field 0 ____ 3 71 Dry land 101.7 3000 72000 1008 26668 730 5333 3369 8 696 Orchard 96.81 2100 50400 706 26668 0 5333 2712 93119 90148 ______~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~0 3 1 Space and 44983 beach land 144.1 450 3600 50 26668 910 31228 86 Total 386.1 30446 Qianhengnan Road is an assisting road of Nanjiang Binlu, which occupies land of 76.4 mu totally. Among the occupied land, water area takes 13.4mu; dry land takes 24mu; marshy field takes 25.2mu; flood ___protection embankment takes 2mu; houses for demolition and resettlement take 11.8mu. 10.2.1 Resettlement and living changes before and after resettlement 10.2.1.1 Affected households There are 480 urban households and 1339 residents involved in Nanjiang Binlu (phrase I). The area of housing demolition is 32,451.78 m' ( including 374.85 m2 illegal area). 10.2.1.2 Resettlement policy of affected households The policy is formulated on the basis of the Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China, Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations and other relative laws and statutes, and combining with involuntary resettlement policy of the World Bank (OP4.12) and features of the Project in order to ensure immigrants could be compensated for all of their losses and could not be affected in terms of their employment. Compensation standard is formulated according to: (1) Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations; (2) Guideline of Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Evaluating; (3) Resettlement Documentation ofInvoluntary Immigration OP/BP4.12; (4) Fujian Provincial Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Management Regulations (5) Fujian Provincial Urban Housing Demolition and Relocation Technical Criterion; (6) FUiUhou AluniLcipeil rban Housilng Demolition anbd Relocation Management Regulations (7) Guiding Opinioin. on Fuzlhou Municipal UI-ban Housinig Demolition and Relocation Monetariy Indemnint and Refufnding Price 10.2.1.3 Principle of residential resettlement (1) According to the actual conditions of most residents relocated due to building demolition by the project studying and working in this region, residential resettling points shall be distributed in accordance with demolition region, taking principle of proximity so that the problem of studying and working could be solved well. (2) Residential resettling points will be designed and constructed according to the requirements of building criterion of Ministry of Construction. Basic facilities (roads, water and electricity, communications and postal service etc.) and social service (school, medical treatment, commercial supporting facilities, greening, etc.) shall be completed. (3) Residential resettlement regions (points) will be set up in the region in which relocated people could be benefited from the Project. 180 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project (4) Communications of residential resettlement regions (points) shall be considered fully and convenient. For example, there are more than two public traffic lines leading to center region. (5) Based on improving immigration services and requirements of immigrants, the project will build up information platform of selecting resettlement houses in order to provide complete choices for immigrants. According to investigation of wills of affected households, the project will provide various resettlement modes and many resettling points, so the Project has made out preparation plan of house resource primarily, which could satisfy different affected residents. Concrete resettlement modes are: resettlement by existing houses; proximity resettlement by newly built houses; resettlement by second-handed houses and resettlement by monetary indemnity. The project selects Jinpu District and newly built Gangtou Resettlement District as resettling points of existing houses and newly built houses. There are convenient communications and supporting facilities of living, education and medical treatment in the two districts; there are large-scale supermarkets (Metro), experimental primary schools, Fujian Normal University and Municipal Second Hospital etc in the two districts; there is beautiful natural environment surrounding the district, where residents could enjoy and relax themselves. Jinshan District is resettling points by commercial housing of monetary indemnity recommended by the Project, which lies on the southern bank of Minjiang River and the Western part of Nantai Island, Jianxin Town, the famous flower county of Fuzhou City, in which is provided with good geographic position and beautiful natural enviromnent. Jinshan Road, the backbone road of the district, connects the downtown and Jinshan District through Jinshan Bridge (Liuqiao Bridge). Jinshan Road also connects Jinshan Living District, Fuzhou Western Gate and Minhoushang Street. Fuzhou University City and starting station of Jing-Fu Express Way will be constructed there in the future. There are compete supporting facilities in the district, such as schools, medical treatment facilities, culture and sports facilities, agricultural products market and newly built city commercial and cultural plaza-Rongcheng Plaza, which is concentrated by fallow facilities, shopping and entertainment. 10.2.1.4 Special recovery measures for disadvantageous groups In the section from the planned Jiefang Bridge to Qianheng Bridge of Nanjiang Binlu, there are 44 households, 102 residents of disadvantageous groups inxolved " ith the Pi;lccrt AJdltioIIuIh\. t .1 . 27 households, with 54 residents, whose average residential area is less than 45 mi and wIthout kitchen and toilet. For this poor group, the Project has formulated special resettlement policy in order to make poor group benefit from the Project. Resettlement principle of disadvantageous groups as follows: (1) Make the living standard and quality improved; (2) Provided choosing plans as many as possible; (3) Consider the will and requirement of the group fully and pay attention to implementing process; (4) Provided continuous consideration for the disadvantageous groups to ensure their life could be improved; (5) Provide employment training in free for the disadvantageous groups and give employment chance for the disadvantageous groups in priority as possible or provide shops to them, only collecting rents based on the rent of public housing. For disadvantageous groups, the Project will provide the following help except resettlement and compensation based on Resettlement Policy. (1) People living under poverty line 181 Environmental Impact Assessment Fu niou ani Iikland Pcr.-t'rhan Dsc%lopment Project I M A\genlts in clhar ge of demolitioni and resettlement will distribute them to resettle in the hudget resettling points w here level of consumption is comparatively low, such as Changpu District etc. There are some top-end and middle-range residential districts, large-scale commercial plaza, professional shopping plaza, hotel and restaurants surrounding so that people could find jobs, such as housekeeping etc conveniently there. 2) In case housings where immigrants live locate near the two sides of the newly built roads, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will contact with relative departments, such as planning and real estate management etc to help change the use of their housings (changing residence as shops) so that people living under poverty line could do business to provide for themselves. 3) Agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will contact with developer that they would be arranged at the first floor as possible (if any) so that they could hold some small shops to provide for themselves. 4) Agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will contact with relative departments such as community service, real estate management, who could provide employment training for free or introduce them to housekeeping, or work in the shops nearby, after immigrants are resettled. On the other hand, agents will provide shops to them. only collecting rents based on the rent of public housing. 5) For those people who have no lease agreement or whose lease agreement is ceased to have effect, but tenants have no residential housings actually, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will resettle them based on relative regulations. 6) For those people who only have illegal housings, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will provide housings, which are provided with comparative living and operating conditions for them, only collecting rents based on the rent of public housing. (2) The poor, old, childless and disabled The Project will pay attention to resettlement of the disabled. When the disabled are removed, some preferential polices will be provide to them. Reasonable consideration of housing, employrment will be provided to them as well. For example, poor old people and the disabled would be allocated to live on the first floor so that they would feel convenient; or channel for the disabled will be set up when resettling housings are designed and constructed considering the special situation of the disabled. Regular return visit will be paid to them. The households, which have special difficulty, will be helped or turned over to the local civil administration department. (3) Single-parent family The Project shall consider not only the safety of these kinds of families, but also the employment and study for them; for those who have economic difficulties, corresponding measures shall be taken to help them, such as employment guidance, free training, employed in priority etc. 10.2.1.5 Analysis of resettlement effect Generally speaking, on the condition of ensuring the improvement of living standard and housing conditions of itmmgrants, the Project considers various factors to provide various choices, from which immigrants could profit, form the Project, and their living conditions could be improved, based on the requirement of immigrants and combining experience of the project in Guangzhou City. In houses for relocation, all kitchens and toilets are divided. But in households of immigrants, there are 1% of them using kitchen together and 3% of them using toilet together. 182 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project According to resettlement policy of the Project, households of immigrants can enjoy a larger area than their original houses after .they are removed from the district of the Project to the resettling points, therefore, all affected households' housing area are improved. From the analyses of economy, immigrants could enjoy exemption from transaction tax that is equal to the price of the original house from houses for relocation, and enjoy privilege of cost of houses for relocation on the regulated area; immigrants who select monetary indemnity can obtain compensation for structural replacement of their original houses, therefore, they can enjoy more privileges than voluntary immigrants for demolition and resettlement. All immngrants can profit from the Project From the analyses of building structure of residences, more than one half of affected residents who were living in unsafe Brick-timber structure and timberwork housing will be removed to housings of masonry structure, therefore, their housing quality will be improved. From analyses of the resettling mode, existing houses for relocation take the principle of proximity, instead of long-distance removal. Houses for relocation are near the original Resettlement by second-hand housings gives more chances to households relocated due to building demolition. Affected households can select second-hand housings of a suitable district and area without any additional burden according to their requirements. Considering that households relocated due to building demolition are provided with bad economic conditions, small housing area and bad housing structure, incorporating experiences of other cities such as Guangzhou City, resettlement by using second-hand houses is a good way of resettlement. Resettlement in newly built resettling region. According to requirement of town planning, the Project will complete construction of houses for relocation with high standard. The Project will do well on planning of district's environment, supporting facilities, structure, greening, medical treatment and sanitation in order to make residential standard improved and keep completion and fixed culture of the original community. Resettlement by monetary indemnity; for affected residents, especially those who have better economic conditions, resettlement by monetary indemnity make them have more choices of selecting new houses for relocation. They can choose the most satisfying housing in the market considering their economic conditions to improve their residential condition and living standard. For the living environment, residents relocated due to demolition will say farewell to the original housings, where are low, noisy, unsafe, and enjoy spacious, safe and comfortable housing in resettlement district. It is very clear that residential conditions of affected households are improved. 10.2.2 Resettlement of affected commercial enterprises There are 14 shops affected by the Project, with area of housings for demolition of 5649.55 m'. For affected enterprises, the Project will take the following measures except compensation in accordance with resettlement policy. (1) There are 60 days for shops for building demolition to prepare removal. The preparation period is calculated from the date demolition notice is issued. In case they suffer difficulties, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will provide suitable help to them. (2) For those shops that are willing to continue to operate at the original location for a time, they will be demolished at last before commencement of the Project so that the project might not be affected. (3) Shops are resettled according to the original trade operated. The original shops that were Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project in bad operation can change their trade approved by people provided with Property rights. Agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will take charge of helping them to find suitable operating places. (4) The Project will provide consultation for the above-mentioned shops that would change their operating direction according to the result of analysis of immigration social economic environment. For example, the Project will pay attention to trades that may suffer crisis, such as budget restaurant, retail trade without predominance etc in this district. Agent in charge of demolition and resettlement will help the above-mentioned shops to change their trading direction as selling local delicacy, top-end fruit etc making use of demolition and resettlement to improve operating benefit. (5) In case people provided with Property rights select estimation of compensation cost and are willing to operate by renting in other place, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will provide service for them to help them find suitable shops taken on lease. (6) In case shops in resettling points lack of facilities that are necessary for the original operating trade, immigrants can choose compensation or require agents in charge of demolition and resettlement to recover. (7) In case shops are selected to locate at resettling points, which are planned to buy by agents in charge of demolition and resettlement, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will negotiate with Real Estate Company to give preferential treatment in a proper period. 10.2.3 Resettlement of affected industrial enterprises There are 13 working housings affected by the Project, with area of housings for demolition of 1 1773.1 1 m'. There are 6 workshops and storehouses affected by the Project, with area of housing for demolition of 17640.45 m'. For industrial enterprises that are expropriated permanently, the Project will take the following measures except compensation in accordance with resettlement policy. (I) The intrinsic real estates including lands, housings, buildings, roads, electric power and electricity pipe network etc will be compensated for according to replacement price or recovered in accordance with the original scale. (2) Expense involved with installation and debugging of equipment and losing equipment of industrial enterprises because of removal will be compensated. In case there are difficulties, agents in charge of demolition and resetlement will provide help, including engaging experts and cost of it. (3) Agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will provide help on planning and reporting construction during the process of recovery of constructions of industrial enterprises. (4) Industrial enterprises will be allocated in suitable manufacturing district according to industrial layout of Fuzhou City and the original trades of industrial enterprises to ensure requirement of communications, power supply, gas supply and pollution discharge and assure that cost of production of enterprises would not be improved by removal. (5) In case industrial enterprises are willing to change operating direction. agents in charge (1 (etiiol o ioinand(i r esettlenment ,\ i 1take charge of arranging them in suitable maniuifacturniLg district and help them to realize changing the line of production and ti ansition steadily. 184 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project (6) According to the result of analysis of immigration social economic environment, most of the enterprises of this district are high & new tech-enterprises. There is less space for development of traditional small factories, therefore, agents tn charge of demolition and resettlement will pay attention to these kinds of enterprises in immigration andi pro\ ide some help and consultation. For example, factories, which have changed the line of production to provide supporting service such package etc for high & new tech-enterprises, or removed to other manufacturing districts. (7) Industrial enterprises can choose drawing compensation for removal and removal service provided by agents in charge of demolition and resettlement in the process of removal. 10.2.4 Resettlement of affected non-profit units There are 2 non-profit units affected by the Project: Dasuochengxiang Toilet and public toilet near No.6 of Xiatinglong, which are subordinated by Fuzhou Environmental Health Bureau, with involved area of housing for demolition of 82.6 m'. For non-profit units that are expropriated permanently, the Project will take the following measures except compensation in accordance with resettlement policy. (1) In case expropriated non-profit units are provided with social service, -which are necessary in the original community, for example, the only hospital, school and street office etc, the Project will provide resettling point in the same community. (2) In case expropriated non-profit units can be removed, the Project will ask for advice of city planning department to remove them to other district, for example, the Project can readjust and reallocate city resource to make city planning more reasonable taking advantage of removal. (3) Based on complying with relative building regulations, the Project will adjust inner structure and function of the resettling point according to requtrements of non-profit units. Taking advantage of removal, the original social service functions and service level will be improved. In case expense on the above-mentioned measures goes beyond the range of compensation, the Project will conduct deficiency balance with non-profit units according to cost of construction. (4) Non-profit units can choose drawing compensation for removal and removal service provided by agents in charge of demolition and resettlement in the process of removal. 10.2.5 Resettlement of affected protected units of cultural relics Lands expropriated by the Project (Nanjiangbinlulu Phase I) are involved with Fanchuanpu Catholic Church located on Xinmin Street, Cangshan District. Although the Project does not destroy the main body of the church directly, one statue of Jesus will be removed and offices of the church will be demolished by the Project, with area of 593.93m'. The project will pay attention to protection of cultural relics according to Laws of PRA on Cultural Relics and Guidelines of the World Bank_ Cultural Relics (OP4.1 1). Concrete mitigation measures as follows: (1) The staff of the Church will be invited to take part in the process of discussion of road design and construction. The Project will negotiate and listen to advices and suggestions from the Church. The change of the plan will be discussed with the Church. (2) The original church plaza will be kept as muclh as possible I he dirccioii ot plaimnielip side of road will be adjusted to move northward to reduce intluence on the maini hod\ ol the Church. The office building and statue of the Church shall be kept. (3) Because the Church locates at southem bank of Minjiang River. and the main body lies 185 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project on the foundation of soft soil, construction of roads shall concern various factors fully to protect the impact on the structure of the Church from fallout of roadbed. (4) Design shall concern about environmental protection and landscape reservation. (5) From comparison of many plans, because the design plan will involve protection of stream shoreline, environmental protection and department of cultural relics, the final confirmation of the plan shall be further proved. 10.2.6 Resettlement of affected infrastructures Pre-planning allocation shall be concerned for recovering measures of facilities that are demolished. In actual operation, measures shall be ad1usted to local conditions according to the situation of the site in ordei to keep safe, high efficient, in time and correct of the work, which could reduce the bad impact on surrounding people as possible. For affected public utilities, agents in charge of demolition and resettlement shall demolish according to pile layout and construction documents of each road of the Project. Based on no impact on construction of the Project, removal shall be reduced as possible. For removal of affected pipeline, based on not ensuring that normal life of residents along the line would not be affected (including residents who will not remove), agents in charge of demolition and resettlement will demolish after reconstruction (or removal) of pipeline. 10.3 Estimates of compensation of land acquisition, removal and resettlement of the 3RR/II Various quantities of lands appropriated by the 3RR/II as the following table: Compensation quantity statistics of land acquisition, demolition and resettlement of the 3RR/II Project S/N |Project Description Unit Quantity Price Total Price Expense of housing for demolition Brick house M- 66789.34 Among: Normnal house M' 62649.55 1165 72986726 ____ Storefront M12- 4139.79 1165 4822855 I House for sundries M2 20679.65 1165 24091792 Fence M_2 1190.538 116 138102 Stone pit 1 200000 200000 Oil-filling station 1 200000 200000 Total Yuan 102439476 Land compensation and allowance for resettlement Vegetable plot Mu 181.38 45670.57 8283659 Dry land Mu 114.23 69548.27 7944726 Other cultivated land Mu 4.28 69548.27 297667 Woodland Mu 105.29 13096.17 1378930 Field Mu 1080.76 41768.49 45141739 Stew Mu 23.35 92711.72 2164820 Pit and unused space Mu 402.97 4668.3 1881169 Total Yuan 67092710 Management expense of land Yuan 169532186 1.4 % 2373451 acquisition Management expense of housing Yuan 102439476. 2.45%o 250977 for demolition 186 Environmental Impact Assessllenll Fuznou Naitai Island PerA-L rhalt Do\clopInlU P10,C, Expense of reclaiming cultivated Y'uan land Vegetable plot, stew Mu 204.73 10000 204728S Other cultivated land Mu 118.51 8000 1 948106 Total Yuan _ 2995391 Vegetable 6931998 Expense of reconstruction of Mu 204.73 lot35000 vegetable plot and stew Stew25000 Expense of using land for value Mu 1921.77 26667 51247399 = Occupancy expense of cultivated Mu 323.24 5333 1723965 ___ land_ _ _ _ _ Compensation of land Yuan 235055365 acquisition, demolition and resettlement 10.4 Estimates of compensation of land acquisition, removal and resettlement of Kuiqi Bridge According to estimated data of Project Proposal (including pre-feasibility study report) of Kuiqi Bridge Project of Fuzhou City, there are 34.0 Mu of land acquisition, which shall be calculated as unit price of 1077442 Yuan/Mu, therefore, compensation of land acquisition and demolition shall be RMB 3662.29 Yuan. 187 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 11 Public participation 11.1 Purpose of public participation Main purpose of public opinion survey and public consultation is: r Providing chances for projecte affected citizens and relative units to express their opinions; -- Providing chances for the public to exert influence on project design and mitigaiton planning; Improving public creditability of taking various measures on reducing impact of the Project; Solving different opinions or conflicts on environmental problems to eliminate obstruction of the government on the execution of the plan; .- Satisfying applicable legal requirements, Holding two-way exchange of opinions among government official, public officer and citizen to identify main problems of the public and their value viewpoint to make the public realize the plan of the government and relative institutes, make the government understand each optional plan and its influence, thereby the government can make satisfactory decisions. Pubic participation is an important part of evaluating work of environmental impact and an effective way to make scientific decision. The purpose of public participation makes the Project accepted fully by the public, realizing and grasping popular wishes and popular sentiments and requirements of the pubic about the Project, and then reporting suggestions of the public to relative department in order that relative important problems connected with construction of Nanjiang Binlu and the public could be researched and solved through negotiation. A correct decision or an important project could be obtained the way to solve problems and contradictories in case the public, especially the public who are affected, could support it. 11.2 Investigation Method and Content Article 15 of Decree of the State Council, Law of the People's Republic of China on Environmental Protection of Construction, Environmental Impact Report formulated by the Employer shall comply with regulations of relative laws and ask for advises of affected local units and residents. In accordance with the above-mentioned regulations, three aspects are included in public consultation: (]) Topics for discussion and problems: Content of public opinion survey must be related with environmental problems and social impact, and be judged by the corresponding kl\\s and( statues. (2) Scale: Scale of public opinion survey includes regions that are brought about environmental impact by pollution, which is caused by construction of South Jiangbian Road. the 3RR'II and Kuiqi Bridge Project in the scale of assessment. The key scale of public opinion survey includes residents alone the line of the above-mentioned Two Roads & One Bridge, including villager committee and town government of affected district. Questionnaires are distributed. (About 60 copies of questionnaires) (3) Objects: primarily fffected residents as well as some relevant govermment administrative staff. The primary method for public consultation used in the EA was opinion survey through questionnaires. In addition, public meetings were also held in key and highly sensitive receptors which may be affected by the project. The public opinions were gathered, analyzed, incorporated into the EA and EMP as well as engineering designs as may be appropriate, and responded to the public. 188 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project In accordance with applicable World Bank operational policies (OP4.01), at least two rounds of public consultation was conducted during the preparation of this project: one roughly at the project EA TOR stage while the other in the draft EA report stage. For highly sensitive and highly public concerned site, many more rounds of public consultation was conducted in order to prompt further communications, gathering public concerns, discuss mitigation measures and obtain public understanding and support of the project. 11.3 Public participation on Nanjiang Binlu 11.3.1 First round of public participation 11.3.1.1 Findings of public opinions on Nanjiang Binlu Project There are 70 copies of questionnaires distributed to project affected people in the Nanjiang Binlu neighborhood with 60 effective copies returned (for cmoparison, the total number of affected people will be about 3800). In addition, over 100 person-times of people from the church communictes had been consulted (details later) for their concerns, suggestion fo rmnitigation. The statistics of outcome of the questionnaires for the public participation survey are shown in Table 11.3-1. Table 11.3-1 Questionnaires for Public Participation Survey of Nanjiang Binlu Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu Project starts from Cangqian West Road, along the north borderline of Nantai Island in parallels with Jiefang Bridge, after Minjiang River and Project profile Ao'feng Bridge of Liuyi Road, the route deviates from the old borderline stretching to the new bank borderlines of Jiangbianzhou, Xindangzhou and Puxiazhou of Minjiang River, then the desi ned Gushan Bridge, at last to the site of designed Kuiqi Bridge. Class of the Reside Scho Hosp The 3rd Farme Enterprises Local Environmental Others interviewed nt ol ital Industry r Institutions Protection Authority e peoples 55 Ins4 Question 1: Do you agree with construction of Nanj iang Binlu? Agree Disagree Objection 96.7% 3.3% Question 2: How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the Nanjiang Binlu after it is put into use ? Excellent Good Average Fair Poor 11.7% 75% 10% 3.3% Question 3: Upon completion of the Nanjiang Binlu Project, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will turn to? Excellent Good |Average |Fair Poor 5% 63.3% 130% 13.3% Question 4: Will construction of Nanjiang Binlu bring any negative environmental impact? Impact on Disturbance to Impact due to Impact on water body by surrounding sceners residents due to exhact dust wastewater from the Other factors surrounding scenernes trfi .os exhaust and dust traffic noise bridge 8.3% 98.3% 51.7% 16.7% Question 5: What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do y u think at present? Noise Waste gases IDust Others 76.7% 121.7% 115% Question 6: upon completion of Nanjiang Binlu project and after it is put into use, what is the most 189 En\ironmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Deveiopment Project urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation? Noise Waste gases Dust Others 100% 136.7% 128.3% Do you have any suggestion on mitigation measures against the environrmental impact during construction of Nanjiang Binlu and after completion of it: See Table 2-2 11.3.1.2 Main public opinions and concerns on Nanjiang Binlu project Basic information on questions and answers The following questions were asked and the answers provided: * Do you know about the Project? 60 persons have answered this question, with 60 of them answered "Yes", which is 100% of the interviewed peoples * Do you know about the following situation of the Project? 55 know direction of the road, which takes 91.7% of the interviewed peoples. * Do you agree with construction of Nanjiang Binlu? 58 answered "Agree", which takes 96.7% of the interviewed peoples; 2 answered "Disagree", which takes 3.3%. * How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the Nanjiang Binlu after it is put into use? 7 answered "Excellent", which takes 11.7% of the total interviewed peoples; 45 answered "Good". which takes 75%; 6 answered "Average", which takes 10%; 2 answered "Fair", which takes 3.3%. It can be seen from the outcome of survey that most of the interviewed thought that construction of Nanjiang Binlu will help actively to improve the overall economic benefit to Fuzhou City. On the environmental impact * Upon completion of Nanjiang Binlu Project, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will turn to? Three answered "Excellent", which takes 5% of the total interviewed peoples; 38 answered "Good", which takes 63.3%; 18 answered "Average", which takes 30%; 2 answered "Fair", which takes 3.3% * Will construction of Nanjiang Binlu bring any negative environmental impact? 5 answered "Impact on surrounding sceneries", which takes 8.3% of the total interviewed peoples; 59 answered "Disturbance to residents due to traffic noise", which takes 98.3% of the total interviewed peoples; 31 answered "Impact due to exhaust and dust", which takes 51.7%; 10 answered "Impact on water body by wastewater from the bridge", which takes 16.7% * What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present? 46 answered "Noise", which takes 76.7% of the total interviewed peoples; 13 answered "Waste gases". which takes 21.7%: 9 answered "Dust", which takes 15%. * lipon completion of Nanliang Binlu project and after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation? 60 answered "Noise", which takes 100% of the total interviewed peoples; 22 answered "Waste gases", which takes 36.7%; 17answered "Waste gases", which takes 28.3%. It can be seen from the above statistics that most of the interviewed thought that construction of Nanjiang Binlu will bring impact upon environmental quality in surrounding areas, and 100% of the interviewed concemed about noise as the the major impact of the project. 190 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 11.3.2 Second public participation survey 11.3.2.1 Public opinions on main sensitive points The second public participation survey was held on Nov. 22, 2004, which adopted interviews upon sensitive points of Nanjiang Binlu Project. Detailed opinions collected please see Table 11.3-2. Interviewed peoples cover relevant residents, people from Resident Conmmittee, school, religious group etc. along the road. Table 11.3-2 Public Opinionls on Maiin Sensitlme Points S/No. Description Public Opinions RCinrk s They support construction of Nanjiang Binlu, considering n Yinghua construction of the Project could make sights of Cangqian Road inlcuded teachers of Foreign more beautiful. Interviewed peoples consider that existing traffic Yinghua Foreign I Language noise of Cangqian Road is aloud, therefore, construction of Language Middle Middle School Nanjiang Binlu will not influence on normal educational School environment of this school. They agree line planning and require that construction shall not Interviewed people 2 An'lan influence stability of housing structure, which is adopted by included staff of Assembly Hall construction design to propose rnitigation measures. Cangshan District Culture Bureau There are so many people on activity day in the Church, therefore they require construction of Nanjiang Binlu shall not take the plaza in the Church; Converses hope the Church could be keep as a whole; Interviewed peoples Converses advise that Nanjiang Binlu on Fanchuanpu Section arete peoples 3 Fanchuanpu would adopt bridging, rounding the Church, therefore the old are the staff and buildings of 70 years old of the Church would not be affected by Church the construction; The Church lies on lower land surface, in case Nanjiang Binlu will pass through its northern side, difficulties of water discharge will be caused because the ground is lower of 1.5m than the road surface. i Interviewed people is Interviewed peoples consider that Wetland of Puxiazhou is a the local public 4 Wetland of god-given land of Fuzhou City, which shall be protected. administration Puxiazhou Construction of Nanjiang Binlu shall not destroy the wetland. department of environmental protection Interviewed peoples require changing their land and providing conditions of making a living to make households relocated due to Interviewed peoples 5 Linpu Village building demolition keep their current living standard through are villagers of Linpu working. They require compensation for demolition should be Village reasonable. Residents of the Pacific Town, especially of 7# building, are affected seriously by the noises. We have investigated some households; as a result, they support construction of Nanjiang Binlu 6The Pacific because the as-built construction could improve environmental Interviewed peoples 6 The PfTown quality along the river. For the noises, they consider that the noises are owners of The of ships on Minjiang River are also very aloud actually, so they just Pacific Town require heavy-duty car should be prohibited to pass during the operation period, and noise pollution and dust pollution should be controlled during construction period as well. Residents. of Interviewed peoples support construction of Nanjiang Binlu, but Interviewed peoples 7 ResCdents of they don't hope their houses should be demolished. are residents along Cangqian RoadCangian Road 191 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Residents in There are a large amount of laid-off workers in the region involved Interviewed peoples dormitory of with demolition. They live difficultly with bad economic condition. are households Aquatic They support construction of urban infrastructure, but they hope the relocated due to 8 Product & government could help them in case they suffer actual difficulties. building demolition in Ocean They suggest that the government could care for them when dormitory of Aquatic Shipping compensation policy on demolition is being formulated. Product & Ocean 1 Company Shipping Company There are 130 households relocated due to demolition of Hebian Resident Committee on Linjiang Road. Most of them are removed. Hebian There are 15 households aren't willing to remove, of whom 3 Interviewed peoples 9 Resident households are very difficult so that they couldn't undertake are cadres and Committee expense for buying a house. Please the relative department could residents of Resident resettle them well. There are two households suffering controversy Committee on the area, so please department in charge of resettlement could negotiate well. Commercial Interviewed peoples 10 Gangtou Interviewed peoples support construction of Nanjiang Binlu are teachers of the Branch school They hope the government could pay compensation for demolition Interviewed peoples 11 Jufeng Paper on time according to regulations. Compensation could be paid to are leaer ople Company the company directly without any intermediate interruption. The are leaders of the government shall allocate suitable land for the company's removal. company 11.3.2.2 Main public opinions from the second round Ka. publlC opuilOllS gathered from the second round of public consuttation mainly are: Supporting opinions for construction of the Project: Most of the public supports construction ol the Project. [hey consider that construction of Nanjiang Binlu could promote economic development of Fuzhou City. Most of interviewed peoples support national construction. Construction of the Project can make sight along the road become more beautiful, provide entertainment place for residents nearby, improve housing condition of residents, who lived in shacks in the past and make the value of land along the road added and communications more conveniently. Issues worried by the interviewed peoples 1) Interviewed peoples within the range of demolition have concerns upon following issues: Compensation after demolition; There are a lot of laid-off workers along the road. Parts of them are low-income group of the city. Their family financial background is bad and housing area is small. Most of interviewed peoples worry about that they have not enough money to buy new hosing through compensation paid by the government and they couldn't pay expense of real estate management. Living problem after demolition; Residents who own shops along the street keep their life through renting their shops and commercial operation, therefore they worry about that living difficulties would be met because they couldn't buy new shops. Problems in Fanchuanpu Church; In case Jiangbin Road locates 20 meters beyond the Church. heavy pressure of the road will cause weak ground base of the Church fallout because weighted unevenly, at the same time vibration brought about by passing vehicles will destroy main body of the Church violently. In case Nanjiang Binlu refers to the original frame, most area of the Church's plaza and surrounding space will be taken. As 192 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project a result, team in charge of keeping order of converses will feel very difficult to keep order, and serious hidden trouble will be caused. 2) Interviewed peoples beyond the range of demolition have concerns upon following issues: Households along the road worry about the increase of vehicle flow would bring about not only convenience but also environmental problems of noises and exhausts. Interviewed peoples suggest that vehicles shall be controlled and oversize vehicles shall be prohibited on Nanjiang Binlu except public buses. 11.3.3 Summary on public participation opinions 1) Most of the interviewed peoples support Nanjiang Binlu Project; 2) Issues put forward by the interviewed peoples and proposed to take into consideration during planning and design of the road include: They suggest that various plans of designing for roads going through Fanchuanpu Church shall be taken in consideration, including bridging. The plan that could appropriate the plaza of the Church shall be avoided. Suggestions of the Church's staff shall be asked for in order to solve problems. They suggest Puxiazhou Wetland shall not be appropriated. 3) Issues put forward by the interviewed peoples and proposed to take into consideration during road construction include: It is suggested that the road construction can be concentrated in a considerably short period, so that the inconvenience to residents along the road due to the construction noise could be shortened; the construction site shall be reasonably arranged, with the concrete mixer, bitumen-cooking facilities far away from the residential places. Suitable measures shall be taken to prevent influence brought about by vibration on buildings such as An'lan Assembly Hall, Fanchuanpu Church etc; 4) Issues put forward by the interviewed peoples and proposed to take into consideration during demolition and resettlement include: Households relocated due to building demolition along Nanjiang Binlu are low-income families; whose economic condition is bad as well as housing area is small. They suggest that the Employer could set up different resettlement plans for different groups and try to keep housing conditions and living standard of households relocated due to demolition. Suitable land shall be provided to enterprises relocated due to demolition for removal. 5) Issues proposed to take into consideration after the Road opened to traffic: Because many housing buildings will be increased as well as office buildings, pollutions of noises, waste gas, and dust will be brought about after the Road is opened to traffic; they suggest vehicles shall be prohibited. At the same time, oversize motor vehicle and vehicles in transit shall be prohibited. 6) Jufeng Paper Manufacturing has been removed to the new site of the factory with satisfactory in the second investigation. 11.3.4 Public consultation for Fanchuapu church The proposed Nanjiang Binlu would go through area close to Fanchuanpu church As a result of the project, the church office and dormutory will need to be demolished and re-built The chur-ch community is highly ocncemed of the project impact to the church strudture satety, the integraty ot the church bulidings, noise, visual impacts, adverse impact on churcha services, etc. Many rounds of consultation were held with the church community to solicit their concems, listen to their suggestions, explain to them the new design changes and mitigation measures, and communiate with them on the 193 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project progrecss in project design and mitigation planning. 11.4 Public participation on the 3RR/II project 11.4.1 First round of public participation 11.4.1.1 Public opinion survey results of the 3RR/II Project Scope of survey: the scope of public opinion survey covers relevant areas under the environmental impact caused by pollutants during the construction period and operation of the 3rd Ring Road(Phase 11) Project. and the key range is the residents along the 3RR/II including the villagers committee and town government in the affected region. About 120 copies of questionnaires are distributed. Objection of survey: including the residents affected and relevant government officials at various levels. Method of survey was primarily questionnaires. Content of survey: site survey among masses for public feeling and attitude towards the Project; filling up the public opinion questionnaire and statistics of the main opinions of the public; put forward the resolution for some major questions with the public opinions fully taken into consideration. There are 130 copies of questionnaires distributed with 120 effective copies returned (in comparison, the total estimated impacted residents are approxiiamaltely 2500) . The statistics of outcome of the questionnaires for the public participation survey are shown in Table 11.4-1. Table 11.4-1 Questionnaires for Public Participation Survey of the 3RR/II Project Fuzhou 3rd Ring Road(Phase 11) Project starts from north of the planned Wanbian Bridge and ends at south of the planned Kuiqi Bridge on Minjiang River, with a total length 12.474km and road width 100-50m. It passes Shangqi Village, Sanbianzhou, Difengjiang, Xingmulan Village, Menqianzhou New Village, Pukou Village, Project profile Qianyuan Village, Aoshan Village, north of the provincial business school, Duyuan Village, Sanfeng Shoes Co., Futeng Industrial Park,.and spans over the Fuxia Road cross before running from west towards east, passing along east of the planned Fuxia Road Flyover of the third ring road and across Chengmenshan and Fuquan Expressway, and stops at south of the planned Kuiqi Bridge, where it meets with the Fuzhou-Xiamen Ex pressway. Class of the Resi Schoo Hosp The 3rd Farme Enterprises Local Environmental interviewed dent I ital Industry r Institutions Protection Authority Others peoples _ 10 99 11 Question 1: Do you agree with construction of the 3RR/11 ? Agree Disagree Objection 90% 8.3% 1.7% Question 2: How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the 3RR/11 after it is put into use? Excellent Good Average Fair Poor 22.5% 59.1% 13.3% 1.7% 1.7% 19I Environmnental Impact Assessmenit Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Question 3: Upon completion of the 3RR/II Project, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will turn to? Excellent Good Average Fair Poor 7.5% 54.2% 25% 6.7% 0.8% Question 4: Will construction of the 3RR/Il bring any negative environmental impact? Impact on Disturbance to Impact due to Impact on water body by surrounding sceners residents due to hm and dust wastewater from the Other factors surrounding sceneries traffic noise exaust bridge 12.5% 90% 52.5% 13.3% 0.8% Question 5: What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present? Noise Waste gases Dust Others 23.3% 20.8% 38.3% Question 6: upon completion of the 3RR/11 project and after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation'? Noise Waste gases Dust Others 85.8% 22.5% 22.5% 0.8% Do you have any suggestion on mitigation measures against the environmental impact during construction of the 3RR/II and after completion of it: See Table 2-2 11.4.1.2 Public opinions results for the 3RRIII Project Basic information and support to the Project * Do you know about the Project? 120 persons have answered this question, with 110 of them answered "Yes", -which takes 91.7% of the interviewed peoples, and 10 answered "No", which takes 8.3% * Do you know following information of the Project? 80 persons know strike of the road, which takes 66.7% of the interviewed peoples * Do you agree with construction of the 3RR/II? 108 answered "Agree", which takes 90% of the interviewed peoples; 10 answered "Disagree", which takes 8.3%; 2 answered "Objection", which takes 1.7%. * How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the 3rd Ring Road(Phase II) after it is put into use? 27 answered "Excellent", which takes 22.5% of the total interviewed peoples;. 71 answered "Good", which takes 59.1%; 16 answered "Average", which takes 13.3%; 2 answered "Fair", which takes 1.7%; 2 answered "Poor", which takes 1.7%. 195 Environmental impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Viewing from the outcome of survey, most of the interviewed peoples think that construction of the 3RR/II will help actively to improve the overall economic benefit to Fuzhou City. Environmental impact * Upon completion of the 3RR/II Project, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will tum to? 9 answered "Excellent", which takes 7.5% of the total interviewed peoples; 65 answered "Good", which takes 54.2%; 30 answered "Average", which takes 25%; 8 answered "Fair", which takes 6.7%; 1 answered "Poor", which takes 0.8%. * Will construction of the 3RR/II bring any negative environmental impact? 15 answered "Impact on surrounding sceneries", which takes 12.5% of the total interviewed peoples; 108 answered "Disturbance to residents due to traffic noise", which takes 90% of the total interviewed peoples; 63 answered "Impact due to exhaust and dust", which takes 52.5%; 16 answered "Impact on water body by wastewater from the bridge", which takes 13.3%; 1 ans\\ clred "Other- factors"' .\ hich takes 0.8%O. * What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present? 28 answered "Noise", which takes 23.3% of the total interviewed peoples; 25 answered "Waste gases", which takes 20.8%; 46 answered "Dust", which takes 38.3%. * Upon completion of the 3RR/II project and after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation? 103 answered "Noise", which takes 85.8% of the total interviewed peoples; 27 answered "Waste gases", which takes 22.5%; I answered "Other factors", which takes 0.8%. Viewing from the above statistics, most of the interviewed peoples think that construction of the 3RR/II will bring impact upon the surrounding environmental quality, and 90% of interviewed peoples think that the major impact is that on the quality of noise environment and air environment. 11.4.2 Second round public participation survey 11.4.2.1 Public opinions on main sensitive points The second public participation survey was held on Nov. 3 - Nov. 5, 2004 that adopted interviews upon sencitive points of the 2nd Ring Road (Phase III) Project. Detailed opinions collected please see Table 1 1.4-2. Interviewed peoples cover relevant people from the villages. schools, enterprises, villagers' comnmnittees and town government etc. along the road. Table 11.4-2 Public Opinions on Main Sensitive Points S/No. Descri tion Public Opinions Remarks * Villagers request that the compensation should be reasonable and wish that the authority in charge of compensation could negotiate with the resettlers Interviewed peoples directly and pay compensation directly to those are resettlers related WaIian.resettlers. with the 3RR/II Village * It is requested to prevent dust pollution during Project and the local construction period; villagers. * The piggery in front of the dam requests for area for pig farm. 196 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Shangqi It is requested that the compensation shall be Interviewed peoples 2 age reasonable. are villagers and local Village enterprises . * It is requested to protect completely the Tomb of Yanfu, which is located in Aoshan Mountain. The turtle shape of the Aoshan Mountain shall not be damaged, which is also the request from offspring of Yanfu. Otherwise, the foreign investment will be affected while the tourism development will suffer as well. * Villagers to be resettled feed back that people build one house all their life and actual measures Yangqi shall be adopted to protect benefit of those to be Intervilewed peoples 3 Village resettled with well compensation. Some villagers are villagers and Village propose that the road shall be routed closer to the Ptear S oh Yn riverside as much as possible so that fewer houses rimary chool of villagers will be demolished. * Teachers from Yangqi Primary School suggest that the construction impact should be minimized and the noise and dust pollution shall be reduced while attention shall be paid to safety of students. * Villagers request that the road and bridge shall be of ensured quality. Jerry-built project shall be prevented. Interviewed peoples are resettlers related Wushan They request to exchange with equal land for building with the 3RR/II 4 Village their new house by their own. Arrangement within the Project and teachers same village is preferred. Wushan Piaryof Wushan Primary School Pushan The old Pushan Temple shall be protected. Interviewed people is Village the abbot of the temple Villagers near Shuiyun Nunnery request to protect the Shuiyun Nunnery, the ancient banyan trees (hundreds 6 Wufeng of years old) and the Shiziyan historic site; Villagers Intervilewed peoples Village request to protect the Shigong Temple and the ancient are villagers of banyan trees, and the construction shall be slowed as Wufeng Village much as possible. Yixu It is requested to adopt efficient measures to protect Interviewed people is 7 Waterworks water quality at the water intake during the road the Plant Manager of construction period. the Yixu Waterworks Villagers in this village make living through fishing in Interviewed peoples Pukou the river. They request to exchange with each area for arereset perses 8 Xiazhou building of new houses by their own. Pukou Village is th h 3RRJII Village preferred so that the villagers can carry on fishing and Pwith t tRe the economic resources of them can be maintained. rojec * Villagers and carders of the village request to protect the ancient forest in Aoshan, the 3 ancient banyan trees, and the grand palace in the time of Interviewed peoples 9 Aoshan Chen Xiang, the famous ideologist of Lixue in are villagers and Village Song dynasty. Meanwhile, the ancient well shall carders of Aoshan be protected whenever possible; Village * It is requested to avoid flyover crossing across the village and the dust pollution shall be avoided. Fujian The noise and air pollution shall be controlled during Students, teachers and College of the construction and operation period in order to offices of the college 197 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Information protect the teaching environment. and Technology As the road cuts the village in the middle, the village Interviewed peoples l l Duyuan will lose lot of lands and there will be great are villagers and Village difficulties in demolition and resettlement. It is carders of Duyuan requested to re-route the road along the river. Village 11.4.2.2 Analysis of Public Opinions (1) Opinions For construction of the Project Comparing with the first public participation survey, there are more people supporting construction of the project, considering that the construction of the 3RR/II has a positive significance for development of Fuzhou's economy. Meanwhile, construction of the Project will add value to the land along the road and the convenient transportation can attract large amount of investments, which will propel development of the regional economies and the Labour market. (2) Issues worried by the interviewed peoples Interviewed peoples within the range of demolition have concerns upon following issues: I ) Compensation after demolition. The tnterviewed peoples universally worry that after the present houses are demolished, the compensation paid is not enough to buy new houses while their own economic status can hardly offer the high house-purchasing fee and pay the property management fee. In addition, they worry that whether the compensation committed by the government can be delivered to resettlers on time and in full. Therefore, they ask for direct contact with the government department in charge of demolition and resettlement to negotiate about the compensation 2) The living after demolition. The formers who lose their land worry about their source of income, fearing that if they are resettled far away from their original places and they can not continue the farming they are presently engaged, and thus they are afraid that the living standard will drop. 11.43 Summary on public participation opinions 1) Most of the interviewed peoples support the 3rd Ring Road (Phase II) Project; 2) Issues put forward by the interviewed peoples and proposed to take into consideration during planning and design of the road include: It is suggested to route the road along the Wulongjiang River. When encountering the villages. the route shall roundabout the village as much as possible in order to occupy less farm land and demolish fewer houses; It is suggested to avoid the historic sites, concentrated woods and ancient trees during planning; Flyover crossing shall be avoided whenever possible when the road is crossing the villages. 3) Issues put forward by the interviewed peoples and proposed to take into consideration during road 198 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project construction include: It is suggested that the road construction can be concentrated in a considerably short period, so that the inconvenience to residents along the road due to the construction noise could be shortened; the construction site shall be reasonably arranged, with the concrete mixer, bitumen cooking facilities far away from the residential places. 4) Issues put forward by the interviewed peoples and proposed to take into consideration during demolition and resettlement include: The compensation for demolition shall be reasonable and direct negoLatLion onl demoliltlol between the Employer and resettlers is expected. Meanwhile, the compensation for demolition shall be directly paid to the resettlers; I It is suggested to take into consideration the living habits and living demands of those resettlers and give them equal area of land for building their house independently; 2 It is suggested to give appropriate compensation to farmers who lost the land so that they can maintain the current living level, which has active meaning for social stability. 11.5 First round public participation on the Kuiqi Bridge project 11.5.1 First round of public participation survey Scope of survey: the scope of public opinion survey covers relevant areas under the environmental impact caused by pollutants during the construction period and operation of the Kuiqi Bridge Project and the key range is the residents at north and south of the bridge, including the villagers committee in the affected region. About 40 copies of questionnaires are distributed. Objection of survey: including the residents affected and relevant government officials at vartous levels. Method of survey: questionnaires in writing Content of survey: site survey among masses for public feeling and attitude towards the Project; filling up the public opinion questionnaire and statistics of the main opinions of the public; put forward the resolution for some major questions with the public opinions fully taken into consideration. Analysis of analysis of public opinion survey results There are 45 copies of questionnaires distributed with 40 effective copies returned. The statistics of outcome of the questionnaires for the public participation survey are shown in Table 11.5-1. Table 11.5-1 Questionnaires for Public Participation Survey of Kuiqi Bridge Project The Kuiqi Bridge, which spans the Minjiang River, is a bridge planned to connect the Nantai Island to the downtown area of Fuzhou City. It is a critical component of the 3rd Ring Road of Fuzhou City. The location of the bridge is selected at Kuiqi Village. Project Profile The project starts from south of the Kuiqi Bridge, overspaning the Nanjiang Binlu and equal to Pile No. kl 1+610 of the 3rd Ring Road(Phase II) Project; it ends at the interconnected flyover where the north of the bridge, the North Jiangbin Road and the expressway (Phase II) of planned Changle Intemational Airport are met. Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Class of the Resi Schoo Hosp The 3rd Farme Enterprises Local Environmental Oth interviewed dent ital Industry r n ons Protection Authority ers peoples l = 36 3 1 Question 1. Do you agree with construction of the Kuiqi Bridge? AAgree Disagree Objection 95% 5% Question 2: How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the Kuiqi Bridge after it is put into use ? Excellent Good Average Fair |Poor 17.5% 65% 17.5% 1r Question 3: Upon completion of the Kuiqi Bridge Project, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will turn to? Excellent Good Average Fair Poor 2.5% 57.5% 40% 1 Question 4: Will construction of the Kuiqi Bridge bring any negative environmental impact? Impact on Disturbance to Impact due to Impact on water body by surrounding sceneries residents due to exhaust and dust wastewater from the Other factors traffic noise bridge 12.5% 100% 67.5% 25% Question 5: What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present? Noise Waste gases Dust Others 30% 5% 52.5% Question 6: upon completion of Kuiqi Bridge project and after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation? Noise Waste gases Dust Others 100% 12.5% 30% Do you have any suggestion on mitigation measures against the environmental impact during construction of Kuiqi Bridge and after completion of it: See Table 2-2 11.5.1.2 The public opinions Basica information and support to the Project * Do you know about the Project? 40 persons have answered this question, with 38 of them answered "Yes", which takes 95% of the interviewed peoples, and 2 answered "No", which 200 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project takes 5%. * Do you know following information of the Project'? 30 persons know location of the bridge at both the south and north together with its strike, which takes 75% of the interviewed peoples. * Do you agree with construction of the Kuiqi Bridge? 38 answered "Agree", which takes 95% of the interviewed peoples; 2 answered "Disagree", which takes 5%. * How about the integral social benefit to be brought by the Kuiqi Bridge after it is put into use? 7 answered "Excellent", which takes 17.5% of the total interviewed peoples; 26 answered "Good", which takes 65%; 7 answered "Average", which takes 17.5%. Viewing from the outcome of survey, most of the interviewed peoples think that construction of the Kuiqi Bridge will help actively to improve the overall economic benefit to the region. (3) Environmental impact Upon completion of the Kuiqi Bridge Project, what do you think the environmental quality in your area will turn to? I person answered "Excellent", which takes 2.5% of the total interviewed peoples; 23 answered "Good", which takes 57.5%; 16 answered "Average", which takes 40%. Will construction of the Kuiqi Bridge bring any negative environmental impact? 5 answered "Impact on surrounding sceneries", which takes 12.5% of the total interviewed peoples; 40 answered "Disturbance to residents due to traffic noise", which takes 100% of.the total interviewed peoples; 27 answered "Impact due to exhaust and dust", which takes 67.5%; 10 answered "Impact on water body by wastewater from the bridge", which takes 25%. What is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area do you think at present? 12 answered "Noise", which takes 30% of the total interviewed peoples; 2 answered "Waste gases", which takes 5%; 21 answered "Dust", which takes 52.5%. Upon completion of Kuiqi Bridge project and after it is put into use, what is the most urgent environmental issue in the local area as per your estimation? 40 answered "Noise", which takes 100% of the total interviewed peoples; 5 answered "Waste gases", which takes 12.5%; 12 answered "Dust", which takes 30%. Viewing from the above statistics, most of the interviewed peoples think that construction of the Kuiqi Bridge will bring impact upon the surrounding environmental quality, and 100% of interviewed peoples think that the major impact is that on the quality of noise environment. 11.5.2 Second public participation survey 11.5.2.1 Public opinions on main sensitive points The second public participation survey was held on Nov. 18, 2004 The interviewers have visited the villagers, villagers committees and relevant enterprises in Linpu Village, Shaoqi Village and Kuiqi Village. Detailed opinions collected please see Table 11.5-2. 201 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 11.5-2 Public Opinions on Main Sensitive Points S/No. Description Public Opinions Remarks -i Linpu has many historic culture relics, such as the Ancient Emplacements, Linpu college and Temple of Song Emperor, which needs careful protection; At the bridge location, there are three lime factories and residents who require compensation for demolition and resettlement for areas suitable for factories of this kind. Moreover, a few chicken, duck and cattle farms also put forward the similar issues Interviewed and villagers wish that the government could take peoples are their practicalities into consideration and offer them resettlers, local Llnpu proper location to feed poultries and livestock, so villagers, Llnpu that their living standards will not be degraded; managers of I SVllage and Linpu waterworks is a plant that produces 4,000 ton tap waterworks and Village water per day. Its water intertake lies by side of the enterprisers bridge, where is awfully affected by the construction related with the and operation. Therefore, the waterworks require Kuiqi Bridge economic compensation because more water Project purification agent would be required as the river becomes muddy during the construction period; 2 L About 3,000 m of the new workshop of Changhui Construction Steel structure Factory will be demolished while the Changfa Sand Chair Factory will also be demolished. Consequently, they claim that the route should be shifted closer to the mountain. X Make the route towards border of the village as much Interviewed 2 uq as possible so that less houses will be demolished; peoples are the 2 Village Use the Jiufu road as the bridge approach; villagers, village During the period of construction, the dust pollution cadres and should be controlled. merchants. 11.5.2.2 Analysis of Public Opinions (1) Opinions For construction of the Project The mass public support construction of the project, considering that the construction of Kuiqi Bridge has a positive significance for development of regional economies while it facilitates the travel of local people as well. Presently, the local people come and go across the Minjiang River mainly by the small powerboat, which has low safety coefficient, especially in the flood season when there exists hidden safety hazards. Meanwhile, construction of the Project will add value to the land at both ends of the bridge and the convenient transportation can attract large amount of investments, which will propel development of the regional economies and the labour market. (2) Issues worried by the interviewed peoples Interviewed peoples within the range of demolition have concerns upon following issues: 1) Compensation after demolition. The interviewed peoples universally worry that after the present houses are demolished, the compensation paid is not enough to buy new houses while their own economic status can hardly offer the high house-purchasing fee and pay the property management fee. In addition, they worry that whether the compensation committed by the 202 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project government can be delivered to resettlers on time and in full. Therefore, they ask for direct contact with the government department in charge of demolition and resettlement to negotiate about the compensation. 2) The living after demolition. The formers who lose their land worry about their source of income, fearing that if they are resettled far away from their original places and they can not continue the farming they are presently engaged, and thus they are afraid that the living standard will drop. Especially the villagers of Linpu Village near the Bridge site, who are engaging in poultries and livestock currently, fear that once their farrns are expropriated, they will lose their means of making a living. 3) Cadres and villagers of Kuiqi Village worry that the Kuiqi Bridge traversing the village will re-divide the village that is already considerable scattered at present, and thus the village will lose its integration while villagers' daily lives and management will become less convenient. 4) Enterprisers in Linpu village are afraid that the newly built workshops have to be relocated as the Kuiqi Bridge crosses their workshops, which will affect the production and economic benefit of the enterprises. 5) Managers of the waterworks of Linpu Village worry that the construction of Kuiqi Bridge will degrade the water quality of the water intake, which will affect the quality of water consumed daily by the villagers of Linpu village and increase the operating cost of the waterworks. 11.5.3 Brief summary on public participation opinions 1) Most of the interviewed peoples support the Kuiqi Bridge construction Project; 2) Issues put forward by the interviewed peoples and proposed to take into consideration during planning and design of the Bridge include: When encountering the villages, the route shall roundabout the village as much as possible in order to occupy less farm land and demolish fewer houses while the village can be protected from being divided with less inconvenience will occur to daily lives of local people; It is suggested to avoid the historic sites and swamped land during planning; 3) Issues put forward by the interviewed peoples and proposed to take into consideration during road construction include: The construction site shall be reasonably arranged, with the concrete mixer, bitumen cooking facilities far away from the residential place; the turbidity of water inside the Minjiang River will increase due to construction of the bridge, which will cause tncrease of the operational cost of the Linpu Village Waterworks because of additional dose of chemicals, therefore, appropriate economic compensation by the Employer is suggested. 4) Issues put forward by the interviewed peoples and proposed to take into consideration during demolition and resettlement include: The compensation for demolition shall be reasonable and direct negotiation on demolitiQn between the Employer and resettlers is expected. Meanwhile, the compensation for demolition shall be directly paid to the resettlers; 203 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project It is suggested to take into consideration the living habits and living demands of those resettlers and give them equal area of land for building their house independently; lost the land so that they can - It is suggested to give appropriate compensation to farmers who maintain the current living level, which has active meaning for social stability. Public participation by the Church Time Attendants Venue Contents Morning on June Wang Gengxian, Telephone Discussion on resettlement of the 11, 2002 Lin Yun contact priest building of the church. Afternoon on June The World Father Wang thinks that it is possible 22, 2002 Wang Gengxian, Bank office to resettle the priest building. Wang Gengxian, Issues discussed: D possibility to Lin Yun keep the square in front of the main Moming on July Ge Jie. Wu church; taking back the land 14, 2002 Xiaole. Ruan Church occupied by the ship yard by side of Bizhen the church via help of the municipal government. Public participation meeting on environmental evaluation and resettlement of the World Bank Morning on August Wang Gengxian, Fuzhou financed project. 02, 2002 Wu Xiaole Restaurant Environmental evaluation part: noise 02,2002 Wu Xiaole Restaurant impact on the church by construction and traffic is informed; status of vehicle exhaust and protection of cultural relics. Wang Gengxian, The church agrees the priest to keep Wu Xiaole, Ge the square as per the resettlement Afternoon on Jie, Liu Zhefu, Lin Church requirement and agrees with the August 18, 2002 Yun proposal for protection of cultural relics. Wang Gengxian, The engineering proposal, the Afternoon on Father Xu, Liu Church environmental impact and the October 25, 2002 Zhefu , Ge Jie, C proposal for protection of cultural Lin Yun relics are discussed. 204 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 11.6 Summary of public opinions (1) Most of interviewed peoples support the Nanjiang Binlu & the 3RR/II and Kuiqi Bridge Project; (2) Opinions from people along the roads and bridge during the road design stage: Nanjiang Binlu: , It is suggested to consider multiple proposals for design of the line across the Fanchuanpu Church, including adoption of bridge to prevent the church square from occupation; it is suggested not to occupy the Puxiazhou swamped land. The 3RR/II and the Kuiqi Bridge: It is suggested to set the road along the Wulongjiang River, and roundabout the village in order to occupy less farm land and demolish less houses: the cultural properties and existing woods and ancient trees shall be avoided as much as possible; flyover crossing shall be avoided when never possible when passing by the villages; the swamped land shall not be occupied. (3) Opinions from people along the line during the construction period Opinions from people along the Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RR/II and the Kuiqi Bridge: the road construction can be concentrated in a considerably short period, so that the inconvenience to residents along the road due to the construction noise could be shortened; the construction site shall be reasonably arranged, with the concrete mixer, bitumen cooking facilities far away from the residential places. Opinions from people along the Nanjiang Binlu: appropriate measures shall be adopted during construction in order to protect buildings like the Anlan Guild Hall and Fanchuanpu Church etc. from impact due to construction vibration; Opinions from people at south of the Kuiqi Bridge: the turbidity of water inside the Minjiang River will increase due to construction of the bridge, which will cause increase of the operational cost of the Linpu Village Waterworks because of additional dose of chemicals, therefore, appropriate economic compensation by the Employer is suggested. (4) Opinions or! demolition and resettlement For households along the Nanjiang Binlu, a lot of them are of low-income urban families, who have small house and poor economic status. They hope the Employer can set different resettlement proposals against different groups. Whenever possible by the policy and the standard, both the house conditions and living levels of the resettlers shall not be lowered: the enterprises shifted shall be provided with appropriate land for resettlement; Interviewed peoples along the 3RR/II and the Kuiqi Bridge suggest that the compensation for demolition and resettlement shall be reasonable. They hope the Employer can discuss directly with the resettlers on the resettlement issues and the compensation can be paid to the resettlers directly; - It is suggested to take into consideration the living habits and living demands of those resettlers and give them equal area of land for building their house independently; It is suggested to give appropriate compensation to farmers who lost the land so that they can maintain the current living level, which has active meaning for social stability. (5) Operation period 205 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Islaiid Peri-Urban Development Project Opinions from people along the Nanjiang Binlu: after the road is constructed and put into use, there wvill be more residential buildings and office buildings by the road. However, the heavy vehicles will cause pollutions like noises, exhaust and dusts. Therefore, it is suggested to put traffic limit on Nanjiang Binlu and stop heavy motor vehicles and transient vehicles. The public consultation during this EA may be briefly summarized by the following tables Table 11.6-1 Public Consultation Summary Stage Form By whom and for Time location WB whom policy First Questionnaire By PMO and EA team June 5-20, NJBL OP4.01 round Survey for 60 local NJBL 2004 neighborhood affected people Questionnaire By PMO and EA team June 5-20, 3RR/S OP4.01 survey for 120 3RRIS 2004 neighborhood affected residents Questionnaire By PMO and EA team August Lipu, Shaoqi OP4.01 survey for 40 Kuiqi bridge 3-10, and Kuiqi affected residents 2004 villages Interview PMO and EA team for June 11, PMO office OP4.01 priests of Fanshenpu 2004 cathedral Group meeting PMO and EA team for June 22, PMO office OP4.01 priests of Fanshenpu 2004 cathedral Group meeting PMO, design team and July 14, Fanchuanpu OP4.01 EA team for the 2004 church church community . Public meeting PMO, design, RAP August 2, Fuzhou Hotel OP4.01 and EA teams for 2004 general public Group meeting PMO, design, RAP August 18, Fanchuanpu OP4.01 and EA team for the 2004 church church community Group meeting PMO, design, RAP October 25, Fanchuanpu OP4.01 and EA team for the 2004 church church community Second Focused By PMO and EA team Nov 22, Foreign OP4.01 round interviews for affected residents, 2004 language church, schools and school, Anlan industries Shrine, the church, Wetland authority, Linpu village, Taipingyang, Canqian. and Hebian residential areas, commerce school and Jufeng Paper Co. 206 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Focused By PMO and EA team Nov.3-5 Wanbian, OP4.01 interviews for affected residents, 2004 Shanzhi, schools, temple Yangzhi, Wushan, Wufeng, Puxiazhou, Oushan, Duyuan villages, Fushan temple, Yixu water plant. Information college Focused By PMO and EA team Nov.18, Lipu, Shaoqi OP4.01 interviews for affected residents, 2004 and Kuiqi business owners villages, Linpu water plant, Group meeting By EA and design Nov 26, Fanchuanpu OP4.01 ______team 2004 church In additon, the EA documents have been disclosed to the public. In mid January 2005, a copy of EA report was placed in Fuzhou public libriary and a resettlement office on Nantai Island. On Jaunary 29, 2005, a public announcement was published in Fuzhou Daily, informing the public of this project of the prpearation work, the existing EA, public right to voice their concerns. In announcement, the public was informed of the EA documentation in those puiblic accessible offices. The information disclosure is summarized in the-following table. . Table 11.6-2 Information Disclosure Summar Information Date Location/media WB policy Notice to the public about June 2004 Fuzhou Evening News OP4.01 the public meetings and locations and contents Project summary and Key August 3, 2004 Fuzhou Daily OP4.01 EA information Notice to the public on Nov 15, 2004 Fuzhou TV stations OP4.01 second round of public Fuzhou Evening News consultation including locations and contents Advertisement on draft Fuzhou Evening News OP4.01 EA report locations Draft EA report and EMP January 2005 Fuzhou public library OP4.01 Project affected village halls Final draft EA report January 29, Newspaper (Fuzhou Daily) OP.4.01 2005 advertisement on the project and availability of EA reports Final EA and EMP (planned) Fuzhou public library OP4.01 February, 2005 PMO . Project affected village halls 207 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 12 Economic Evaluation and Environmental economic Gains and Losses Analysis Construction of Naniiang Binlu. the 3RR/11 and Kuiqi Bridge Project largely completes the layout of the city road network of Fuzhou city, improves the traffic condition of Nantai Island, stimulates the dev elopment and construction of Nantat Island, perfects the comprehensive transportation network of Fuzhou city, and enhances the integrative communicative function of the urban roads in Fuzhou. Nanjiang Binlu, as a secondary main road, the 3d Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge as well as the connection project as the backbone road of the traffic, together serve the traffic in Fuzhou city, and resolve the organic connection between Fuzhou and the external expressway. The construction thereof is in conformity with the steps of "extend to the east, enter into the south, and exploit to the west" proposed by Fuzhou Government, and enhances the reconstruction of the dated city area, as well promotes the development and construction of Nantai Island, Huaian Developing Zone, and Mawei Economic development area. They are an important strategy in the city construction, and contribute a lot to a proper city layout. 12.1 National Economy Assessment and Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Nanjiang Binlu 12.1.1 National Economy Assessment The Economny Assessment Indexes of the Project refer to Table 13.1 - 1 (social discount rate 12%). Table 13.1 - 1 Table of National Economy Assessment Indexes Economy Net Present Economy Internal Economy Investment Assessment Value (ENPV) Retum Rate Benefit Recovery Remarks Content (10,000 Yuan) (EIRR) (%) Cost Rate (Year) Investment Recovery Calculation 27309.77 18.06% 1.82 7.69 Period Indexes (including the construction The national economic benefit cost flow refers to Table 13.1 - 2. Table 13.1-2 National Economic Benefit Cost Flow of Nanjiang Binlu Unit: 10,000 Yuan Item Cost Benefit Increment benefit Net benefit flow Total Net Benefit Flow of the land Total 43243.21 309809.34 45500.00 266566.13 1646829.82 12.1.1.1 Sensitivity Analysis Parameters used for the economic assessment come from either estimation or prediction, thus are not 208 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project completely accurate. The sensitivity analysis considers the impact of the unfavorable conditions such as increase of financial cost on the economic assessment indexes of the Project in case of decreases of incomes due to certain factors. The statement carries out analysis as per the three conditions of cost increase and benefit decrease. The calculation results are shown in Table 13.1-3. Table 13.1-3 Sensitivity Analysis (EIRR) of Nanjiang Binlu Total Economic Net Economic Internal Economic Investment Recovery Item Present Value Return Rate (%) Benefit Cost Period (year) (10,000 Yuan) Ratio Cost Increase 10 22092.55 16.55 1.65 8.14 Benefit Decrease 19361.57 16.39 1.67 8.18 10%______Cost Increase 10 B Benefit Decrease 14144.35 14.97 1.49 8.68 Seen from the above analysis, changes of benefit and cost of the project investment will have certain impact on the internal return rate. However, in case of the most unfavorable condition, i.e. investment increases 10% or benefit decreases 10%, the net present value of the project is 14,133,350,000 Yuan, and the economic internal returnrate is 14.97%, showing the Project has a high vigilance against risks and thus is feasible. 12.1.1.2 Result of National Economy Assessment For Nanjiang Binlu, it is shown in the economy assessment indexes of national economy assessment that the Project in terms of economy is feasible and has vigilance against risks. 12.1.2 Environmental economic Gains and Losses Analysis The main task of environmental economic gains and losses analysis is to weigh the economic protection benefit gained from the necessary environmental protection capital invested for the Project construction. Thus, in analysis of the environmental economic gains and losses, it shall include not only calculation of the investment and cost for controlling pollution, but also the estimation of potential environmental and economical effects. However, losses from the pollution are generally indirect, which makes it difficult to directly calculate in currency, if any, the calculation is hardly accurate. Short of basic indexes for environmental economic effect assessment, it is only possible to make a simple analysis of the environmental economic effect. 12.1.2.1 Environmental economic Losses Analysis [] Ecologicalal Economic Losses Along the Nanjiang Binlu is mainly city ecologicalal environment. The direct impact by the project construction on the environment is from the requisition of land, and changing the usage of parts of local land. The ecologicalal economic losses resulted from the Project mainly come from the occupancy of the paddy field, dry land and orchard. The specifics are shown in Table 13.1 - 4. 209 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 13.1-4 Calculation of Ecologicalal Economic Losses of Nanjiang Binlu Land Type Area of Requisition Average Yearly Product Total (Yuan) (mu) (Yuan/mu) Paddy field 43.56 3000 130680 Dry land 101.7 3000 305100 Orchard 96.81 2100 203301 Unused land and 144.1 450 64845 shoals Total 386.1 703926 [1 Medical Losses from the Impact on Residents' Health Along the Line by the Changes of Environmental Quality Nanjiang Binlu goes by Anlan Assembly Hall, the residential area of Pacific City and some other residential areas, the permanent population of which is around 2288, to count as per one tenth of the population, i.e. 229 people are affected. The medical care costs margin between urban and rural areas is calculated as per 94.52 Yuari/person. year in the statistical yearbook (Note: the number is quoted from the Environmental Impact Report of the 2nd Ring Road Phase III of Fuzhou). To calculate the increased costs of the residents' medical care by the market value method: C=N* E In the Formula: C-- Increased costs of medical care for residents along the line; N-- Number of people affected by the change of environmental quality along the line; E-- Margin of medical care costs between urban and rural areas (Yuan/person. year). From the above formula, the annual cost of medical care from the impact on resident's health along the line by the changes of environmental quality is RMB 21,645.08 Yuan. [1 Costs for Environmental Pollution by Noises During the construction of the project, noises come from construction equipments, mainly the engines of shovel car, shovel loader etc. and the usage of electric saw as well; mechanical noises are mainly the thump of pile driver, the noise of the machinery excavating the earth material, the clash of material in agitator etc. Those will influence the life of the residents to some extent. But appropriate mitigation measures can minimize the harm. If we adopt some noise abatement measures during the operation of the Project - installing noise-proof 210 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project window or wall, the indoor noise condition will meet the relative functional requirements. In this way, costs for noise abatement are somewhat equal to the losses from noises without the noise-proof window or wall. Because of lack of specific design data for the noise-proof means in sensitive points, costs hereof will not be calculated for the moment. 12.1.2.2 Environmental Effect Analysis of Nanjiang Binlu Cost for road forestation and conservation of soil and water of Nanjiang Binlu is RMB 12,850,000 Yuan, and the afforest ion area is 128500.0 m2 . The construction and operation of the Project will undoubtedly cause some disturbance and harm to the surrounding environment along the line. However, the adoption of environmental control measures shall ease the disturbance and harm, and to some effect shall have some positive effects on the original environment. Refer to Table 13.1 - 5 for this. Table 13.1-5 Benefit Qualitative Analysis of Environmental Impact of Nanjiang Binlu Environmental MEasuremental Environmental Benefits Measurement Construction period Prevent noises from affecting the residents; prevent surface water, ambient environmental air from pollution; and prevent water loss and soil erosion. control measures Regulation if Beautify the landscape along the expressway; improve the local Forestation and ecologicalal environment; ameliorate the overall surroundings and prevent Temporary Ground water loss and soil erosion Noise Control Prevent the traffic noise from constantly disturbing the sensitive points Project along the line Aquatic Protect the water quality of surface water along the line; maintain the Environment functions of the original water body; and protect the surface water Protection resources. Measures Environmental Know the condition and change trend of the environmental quality and Control and maintain the environmental quality along the line. Monitor It is difficult to make quantitative analysis of some environmental effects after the implementation of the above measures. As follows are quantitative analyses of the effects after the implementation of some measures therein: E 01 Analysis of Forestation Benefit From the perspective of ecology and health, forestation is useful in oxygen production, dust abatement, sterilization, noise control and improving microclimate. In consideration that it is difficult to collect the economic indexes of monetization, we hereby merely calculate the monetized benefit of the production of oxygen and carbon dioxide fixation. According to the statements of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, every square meter 211 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project of herb plant produces 1.76g oxygen every day, and fixes 2.41g carbon dioxide. In this way, every square meter of vegetation produces oxygen 642.4g/a, and fixes carbon dioxide 880g/a. The forestation area of this road is about 128500m2 , and thus the monetized benefit of its oxygen production is about RMB 14500 Yuan/a, and the monetized benefit of its carbon dioxide fixation is around RMB 37,400 Yuan/a, totaling RMB 28800Yuan/a. [] Analysis of Benefits of Soil and Water Conservation Benefits of soil and water conservation comprise ecologicalal benefit, social benefit and economic benefit. For ecologicalal benefit, via implementing the soil and water conservation program, the correction rate of water loss and soil erosion can reach 100%. Quantity of soil erosion cut down in the construction period reaches more than 98% of the new water loss and soil erosion, thus the water loss and soil erosion resulted from the project construction will be under effective control. The destroyed vegetation is restored, beneficial to the balance of the whole eco-system. In addition, the execution of the program will stop the earth condition within the project area from deteriorating, reduce the loss of organic matters like nitrogen and phosphor as well as the running off of inorganic salt, and contribute positively to the improvement of the local ecologicalal environment and agricultural production conditions. In terms of social benefit, the implementation of water and soil conservation program to a large extent stimulates the water and soil maintenance of the local construction project. As for economic benefit, carrying on the water and soil conservation program effectively controls the water loss and soil erosion, reduces the mud and sand silting up in field and pound, decreases natural disasters and thus brings economic benefit indirectly. 12.1.3 A Brief Summary of Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Nanjiang Binlu Seen from the above computational analysis, the losses from environmental pollution of the project is RMB 725,600 Yuan/a, while the monetized benefit from oxygen production and carbon dioxide fixation of road forestation is RMB 28,800 Yuan/a. The construction of Nanjiang Binlu project plays an important role in improving the traffic condition of Nantai Island, promoting the development and construction of Nantai Island and enhancing the comprehensive traffic capacity of city roads in Fuzhou. Meantime, it brings enormous economic and social benefits. Compared with the losses from environmental pollution, its social benefit is still considerable. 12.2 National Economy Assessment and Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of the 3RR/II 12.2.1 National Economy Assessment National economy assessment is to consider the economical rationality of the project from the perspective of the nation. Via analysis of benefit after completion of the project and investment for the project construction, predict the feasibility of the project economically. There are mainly three indexes, economic intemal return rate (EIRR), economic net present value (ENPV) and economic benefit cost 212 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project ratio (EBCR) to reflect the assessment. For the economic assessment indexes of the 3RR/II , refer to Table 13.2 - I (social discount rate 12%). Table 13.2-I Economic Assessment Indexes of the 3RR/II Economy Net Economy Economy Benefit vestment Assessment Present Value Internal Return Cost Rate Inverym ero Content (ENPV) (10,000 Rate (EIRR) (%) (EBCR) Recovery Pe)od -Y uan) ______(Y__ ear)______Calculation 215720.70 23.77 1.6 8.08 Indexes l The national economic benefit cost flow refers to Table 13.2 - 2. Table 13.2-2 National Economic Benefit Cost Flow of the 3RR/II. Unit: 10,000 Yuan Item Cost Benefit Net benefit flow Total Net Benefit Flow Total 155581.3 1952897.7 1738298.1 1.8945534.4 12.2.1.1 Sensitivity Analysis Parameters used for the economic assessment come from either estimation or prediction, thus are not completely accurate. The sensitivity analysis considers the impact of the unfavorable conditions such as increase of financial cost on the economic assessment indexes of the Project in case of decreases of incomes due to certain factors. The statement carries out analysis as per the three conditions of cost increase and benefit decrease. The calculation results are shown iri Table 13.2 - 3. Table 13.2-3 Sensitivity Analysis (EIRR) of the 3RRIII Fluctuation of Sensitive Cost Benefit factors -10%o 25.41 ° u 22.21.' 0%0 23.77 % 23.77% +10% 22.35 o 25.25 % Seen from the table, on condition that the cost increases by 10% and the benefit decreases by 10%, the internal return rate is higher than the social discount rate of 12%, showing that the Project of the 3rd Ring Road has a relatively high vigilance against risks. 12.2.1.2 Result of National Economy Assessment of the 3RR/II It is shown in the economy assessment indexes of national economy assessment that the Project of the 3RR/II in terms of economy is feasible and has vigilance against risks. 12.2.2 Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of the 3RR/II The main task of environmental economic gains and losses analysis is to weigh the economic protection benefit gained from the necessary environmental protection capital invested for the Project construction. Thus, in analysis of the environmental economic gains and losses, it shall include not onlx' 213 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project calculation of the investment and cost for controlling pollution, but also the estimation of potential environmental an'd economical effects. However, losses from the pollution are generally indirect, which makes it difficult to directly calculate in currency, if any, the calculation is hardly accurate. Short of basic indexes for environmental economic effect assessment, it is only possible to make a simple analysis of the environmental economic effect. 12.2.2.1 Environmental Economic Losses Analvsis of the 3RR/II [D Ecologicalal Economic Losses Along the Nanjiang Binlu is mainly city ecologicalal environment. The direct impact by the project construction on the environment is from the requisition of land, and changing the usage of parts of local land. The ecologicalal economic losses resulted from the Project mainly come from the occupancy of the vegetable plot, timber land, garden plot and dry land etc. According to relative data in the Project Proposal Statement (including Pre-Feasibility Study Statement) of the 3RR/II of Fuzhou, and with reference to data in the Project Proposal Statement (including Pre-Feasibility Study Statement) of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu, the estimated ecologicalal losses from the project is shown in Table 13.2 - 4. Table 13.2-4 Calculation of Ecologicalal Economic Losses of the 3RRIII Land Type Area of Average Yearly Product Total (Yuan) Requisition (Yuan/mu) Vegetable Plot (mu) 181.38 1768 320679.84 Dry Land (mu) 114.23 2918 333323.14 Other Cultivated land (mu) 4.28 2263 9685.64 Timber Land (mu) 105.29 2389 251537.81 Garden Plot (mu) 1080.76 2389 2581935.64 Pound (mu) 23.35 1900 44365 Pothole and unused land (mu) 402.97 450 181336.5 Total 1912.26 3722863.57 [] Medical Losses from the Impact on Residents' Health Along the Line by the Changes of Environmental Quality The Project goes by Wanbian Village, Shangqi Village, Yangqi Village, Wushan Village, Wufeng Village, Aoshan Village and Duyuan Village etc. the permanent population of which is approximately 1358, to count as per one tenth of the population, i.e. 136 people are affected. The medical care costs margin between urban and rural areas is calculated as per 94.52 Yuan/person.year in the statistical yearbook (Note: the number is quoted from the Environmental Impact Report of the 2nd Ring Road Phase III of Fuzhou). To calculate the increased costs of the residents' medical care by the market value method: C=N* E In the Formula: C--Increased costs of medical care for residents along the line; N--N umber of people affected by the change of environmental quality along the line; E--Margin of medical care costs between urban and rural areas (Yuan/person.year). 214 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project From the above formula, the annual cost of medical care from the impact on resident's health along the line by the changes of environmental quality is RMB 12,854.72 Yuan. C:1 Costs for Environmental Pollution by Noises During the construction of the project, noises come from conistructioni equipmenits. mainly the engminc of shovel car, shovel loader etc. and the usage of electric saw as well; mechanical noises are mainly the thump of pile driver, the noise of the machinery excavating the earth material, the clash of material in agitator etc. Those will influence the life of the residents to some extent. But appropriate mitigation measures can minimize the harm. If we adopt some noise abatement measures during the operation of the Project - installing noise-proof window or wall, the indoor noise condition will meet the relative functional requirements. In this way, costs for noise abatement are somewhat equal to the losses from noises without the noise-proof window or wall. Because of lack of specific design data for the noise-proof means in sensitive points, costs hereof will not be calculated for the moment. 12.2.2.2 Environmental Effect Analysis of the 3RRIII Cost for road afforestation and conservation of soil and water of the 3RR/II is RMB 25,285,000 Yuan, and the afforestation area is 331,535m2 . The construction and operation of the Project will undoubtedly cause some disturbance and harm to the surrounding environment along the line. However, the adoption of environmental control measures shall ease the disturbance and harm, and to some effect shall have some positive effects on the original environment. Refer to Table 13.2 - 5 for this. Table 13.2-5 Benefit Qualitative Analysis of Environmental Impact of the 3RR/II Environmental Environmental Benefits Measurement Construction period Prevent noises from affecting the residents; prevent surface water, ambient environmental air from pollution; and prevent water loss and soil erosion. control measures Regulation if Beautify the landscape along the expressway; improve the local Afforestation and ecologicalal environment; ameliorate the overall surroundings and prevent Temporary Ground water loss and soil erosion Noise Control Prevent the traffic noise from constantly disturbing the sensitive points Project along the line Aquatic Protect the water quality of surface water along the line; maintain the Environment functions of the original water body; and protect the surface water Protection resources. Environmental Know the condition and change trend of the environmental quality and Control and maintain the environmental quality along the line. Monitor 215 Environmental impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project It is difficult to make quantitative analysis of some environmental effects after the implementation of the above measures. As follows are quantitative analyses of the effects after the implementation of some measures therein: O Analysis of Afforestation Benefit of the 3RR/II For the afforestation within the scope of the Project, patches of green belt are used, and we plan to use grassland with color shrubs and to care with automatic sprinkling irrigation. Grassland is used for the separation strip in principle, with some shrubbery. For the 10.5m of green mitigation belts on the outer flanks of road, we plan to use grassland with arbor trees. From the perspective of ecology and health, afforestation has functions like oxygen producing, dust absorbing, disinfections, noise reducing, modifying microclimate etc. In consideration that it is difficult to collect the economic indexes of monetization, we hereby merely calculate the monetized benefit of the production of oxygen and carbon dioxide fixation. According to the statements of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, every square meter of herb plant produces 1.76g oxygen every day, and fixes 2.41g carbon dioxide. In this way, every square meter of vegetation produces oxygen 642.4g/a, and fixes carbon dioxide 880g/a. The 2 afforestation area of this road is about 331,535m , and thus the monetized benefit of its oxygen production is about RMB 36,900 Yuan/a, and the monetized benefit of its carbon dioxide fixation is around RMB 37,400 Yuan/a, totaling RMB 74,300 Yuan/a. O Analysis of Benefits of Soil and Water Conservation Benefits of soil and water conservation comprise ecologicalal benefit, social benefit and economic benefit. For ecologicalal benefit, via implementing the soil and water conservation program, the correction rate of water loss and soil erosion can reach 100%. Quantity of soil erosion cut down in the construction period reaches more than 98% of the new water loss and soil erosion, thus the water loss and soil erosion resulted from the project construction will be under effective control. The destroyed vegetation is restored, beneficial to the balance of the whole eco-system. In addition, the execution of the program will stop the earth condition within the project area from deteriorating, reduce the loss of organic matters like nitrogen and phosphor as well as the running off of inorganic salt, and contribute positively to the improvement of the local ecologicalal environment and agricultural production conditions. In terms of social benefit, the implementation of water and soil conservation program to a large extent stimulates the water and soil maintenance of the local construction project. As for economic benefit, carrying on the water and soil conservation program effectively controls the water loss and soil erosion, reduces the mud and sand silting up in field and pound, decreases natural disasters and thus brings economic benefit indirectly. 12.2.3 A Brief Summary of Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of the 3RR/II Seen from the above computational analysis, the losses from environrnental pollution of the project is RMB 3.735,700 Yuan/a. while the monetized benefit from oxygen production and carbon dioxide 216 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project fixation of road afforestation is RMB 74,300 Yuan/a. The construction of the 3rd Ring Road project plays an important role in improving the traffic condition of Nantai Island, promoting the development and construction of Nantai Island and enhancing the comprehensive traffic capacity of city roads in Fuzhou. Meantime, it brings enormous economic and social benefits. Compared with the losses from environmental pollution, its social benefit is still considerable. 12.2 National Economy Assessment and Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge 12.3.1 National Economy Assessment National economy assessment is to consider the economical rationality of the project from the perspective of the nation. Via analysis of benefit after completion of the project and investment for the project construction, predict the feasibility of the project economically. There are mainly three indexes, economic internal return rate (EIRR), economic net present value (ENPV) and economic benefit cost ratio (EBCR) to reflect the assessment. The construction of Kuiqi Bridge brings benefits in various aspects, generally, econormc benefit, social benefit and envirounental benefit. Economic benefit is divided into direct economic benefit and indirect economic benefit. Direct economic benefit refers to benefit to the road users, mainly benefits from saving of vehicle operating cost and saving of traveling time because of the improvement of traffic flow (or elevation of road grade), as well as benefits from the improvement of transportation (networks) and the elimination of traffic accidents. Indirect economic benefit refers to that from increment of the land and the convenience of traveling of residents along the line due to the improvement of traffic conditions. Social benefit is mainly the macro benefit from the road project. Indirect economic benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit are difficult to analyze quantitatively, thus this assessment merely considers the direct economic benefit of the project. For the economic assessment indexes of Kuiqi Bridge, refer to Table 13.3 - 1 (social discount rate 10%). Table 13.3-1 Economic Assessment Indexes of Kuiqi Bridge Economy Net Economy Economy Benefit Investment Assessment Present Value Internal Return Cost Rate Recovery Period Content (ENPV) (10,000 Rate (EIRR) (%) (EBCR) (Year) Calcu ation Y uan)______Calculation 26545 18.02 2.2 9.9() Indexes | The national economic benefit cost flow refers to Table 13.3 - 2. Table 13.3-2 National Economic Benefit Cost Flow of Kuiqi Bridge Unit: 10,000 Yuan Item Cost Benefit Net benefit flow Total Net Benefit Flow Total 51115.0 206865.8 155750.9 566105.2 217 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 12.3.1.1 Sensitivity Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge Parameters used for the economic assessment come from either estimation or prediction, thus are not completely accurate. The sensitivity analysis considers the impact of the unfavorable conditions such as increase of financial cost on the economic assessment indexes of the Project in case of decreases of incomes due to certain factors. The statement carries out analysis as per the three conditions of cost increase and benefit decrease. The calculation results are shown in Table 13.3-33 Table 13.3-3 Sensitivity Analysis (EIRR) of Kuiqi Bridge Fluctuation of Sensitive Cost Benefit factors -10% 19.63% 16.48% 0% 18.02% 18.02% +10% 16.62% 19.48% Seen from the table, on condition that the cost increases by 10% and the benefit decreases by 10%, the internal return rate is higher than the social discount rate of 12%, showing that the Project of the Kuiqi Bridge has a relatively high vigilance against risks 12.3.1.2 Result of National Economy Assessment of Kuiqi Bridge It is shown in the economy assessment indexes of national economy assessment that the Project of Kuiqi Bridge in terms of economy is feasible and has vigilance against risks. 12.3.2 Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge The main task of environmental economic gains and losses analysis is to weigh the economic protection benefit gained from the necessary environmental protection capital invested for the Project construction. Thus, in analysis of the environmental economic gains and losses, it shall include not only calculation of the investment and cost for controlling pollution, but also the estimation of potential environmental and economical effects. However, losses from the pollution are generally indirect, which makes it difficult to directly calculate in currency, if any, the calculation is hardly accurate. Short of basic indexes for environmental economic effect assessment, it is only possible to make a simple analysis of the environmental economic effect. 12.3.2.1 Environmental Economic Losses Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge [:1 Ecologicalal Economic Losses Along the Nanjiang Binlu is mainly city ecologicalal environment. The direct impact by the project construction on the environment is from the requisition of land, and changing the usage of parts of local land. The ecologicalal economic losses resulted from the Project mainly come from the occupancy of the vegetable plot, timber land, garden plot and dry land etc. According to relative data in the Project Proposal Statement (including Pre-Feasibility Study Statement) of Kuiqi Bridge of Fuzhou, and with reference to data in the Project Proposal Statement (including Pre-Feasibility Study Statement) of Fuzhou Nanjiang Binlu, the estimated ecologicalal losses from the project is shown in Table 13.3-4 218 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 13.3-4 Calculation of Ecologicalal Economic Losses of Kuiqi Bridge Land Type Area of Average Yearly Total (Yuan) Remarks Requisition Product (Yuan/mu) Vegetable 11.0 1768 19448 Because the actual Plot (mu) values of requisition of various lands are not Garden Plot 11.0 2100 available, here the (mu) 23100 average value is adopted. Farmland 12.0 2263 27156 (mu) Total 34.0 697(04 [] Medical Losses from the Impact on Residents' Health Along the Line by the Changes of Environmental Quality The Project goes by Shaoqi Village, Linpu Village, and Waitang Village etc. with a permanent population of 862, to count as per one tenth of the population, i.e. 86 people are affected. The medical care costs margin between urban and rural areas is calculated as per 94.52 Yuan/person.year in the statistical yearbook (Note: the number is quoted from the Environmental Impact Report of the 2nd Ring Road Phase III of Fuzhou). To calculate the increased costs of the residents' medical care by the market value method: C=N*I E In the Formula: C--Increased costs of medical care for residents along the line; N--Number of people affected by the change of environmental quality along the line, E--Margin of medical care costs between urban and rural areas (Yuan/person.year). From the above formula, the annual cost of medical care from the impact on resident's health along the line by the changes of environmental quality is RMB 8128.72 Yuan. [] Costs for Environmental Pollution by Noises During the construction of the project, noises come from construction equipments, mainly the engines of shovel car, shovel loader etc. and the usage of electric saw as well; mechanical noises are mainly the thump of pile driver, the noise of the machinery excavating the earth material, the clash of material in agitator etc. Those will influence the life of the residents to some extent. But appropriate mitigation measures can minimize the harm. If we adopt some noise abatement measures during the operation of the Project - installing noise-proof window or wall, the indoor noise condition will meet the relative functional requirements. In this way, costs for noise abatement are somewhat equal to the losses from noises without the noise-proof window 219 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project or wall. Because of lack of specific design data for the noise-proof means in sensitive points, costs hereof will not be calculated for the moment. 12.3.2.2 Environmental Effect Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge Cost for road afforestation and conservation of soil and water of Kuiqi Bridge is RMB 3,000,000 Yuan. The construction and operation of the Project will undoubtedly cause some disturbance and harm to the surrounding environment along the line. However, the adoption of environmental control measures shall ease the disturbance and harm, and to some effect shall have some positive effects on the original environment. Refer to Table 13.3-5. Tablel3.3-5 Benefit Qualitative Analysis of Environmental Impact of Kuiqi Bridge Environmental Environmental Benefits Measurement Construction period Prevent noises from affecting the residents; prevent surface water, ambient en\ irroollenltal controlnmentasur atr from pollution; and prevent water loss and soil erosion. control measures Regulation if Beautify the landscape along the expressway; improve the local Afforestation and ecologicalal environment; ameliorate the overall surroundings and prevent Temporary Ground water loss and soil erosion Noise Control Prevent the traffic noise from constantly disturbing the sensitive points Project along the line Aquatic Protect the water quality of surface water along the line; maintain the Environment functions of the original water body; and protect the surface water Protection resources. Measures Environmental Know the condition and change trend of the environmental quality and Control and maintain the environmental quality along the line. Mnnitnr _ It is difficult to make quantitative analysis of some environmental effects after the implementation of the above measures. As follows are quantitative analyses of the effects after the implementation of some measures therein: Analvsis of Afforestation Benefit of Kuiqi Bridge I wm hli(l1ci-rpuctIc of ecoloux an(d healtlh. afforestation is useful In oxygen production, dust ahatemiienit. sterilization, noise control and improving microclimate. In consideration that it is difficult to collect the economic indexes of monetization, we hereby merely calculate the monetized benefit of the production of oxygen and carbon dioxide fixation. According to the statements of Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, every square meter of herb plant produces 1.76g oxygen every day, and fixes 2.41g carbon dioxide. In this way, every square meter of vegetation produces oxygen 642.4g/a, and fixes carbon dioxide 880g/a. The afforestation area of this road is about 331,535m2 , and thus the monetized benefit of its oxygen 220 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project production is about RMB 3,300 Yuan/a, and the monetized benefit of its carbon dioxide fixation is around RMB 3,400 Yuan/a, totaling RMB 6,700 Yuan/a. [:1 Analysis of Benefits of Soil and Water Conservation Benefits of soil and water conservation comprise ecologicalal benefit, social benefit and economic benefit. For ecologicalal benefit, via implementing the soil and water conservation program, the correction rate of water loss and soil erosion can reach 100%. Quantity of soil erosion cut down in the construction period reaches more than 98% of the new water loss and soil erosion, thus the water loss and soil erosion resulted from the project construction will be under effective control. The destroyed vegetation is restored, beneficial to the balance of the whole eco-system. In addition, the execution of the program will stop the earth condition within the project area from deteriorating, reduce the loss of organic matters like nitrogen and phosphor as well as the running off of inorganic salt, and contribute positively to the improvement of the local ecologicalal environment and agricultural production conditions. In terms of social benefit, the implementation of water and soil conservation program to a large extent stimulates the water and soil maintenance of the local construction project. As for economic benefit, carrying on the water and soil conservation program effectively controls the water loss and soil erosion, reduces the mud and sand silting up in field and pound, decreases natural disasters and thus brings economic benefit indirectly. 12.3.3 Brief Summary of Environmental Economic Gains and Losses Analysis of Kuiqi Bridge Seen from the above computational analysis, the losses from environmental pollution of the project is RMB 77,800 Yuan/a, while the monetized benefit from oxygen production and carbon dioxide fixation of road afforestation is RMB 6,700 Yuan/a. The construction of Kuiqi Bridge project plays an important role in improving the traffic condition of Nantai Island, promoting the development and construction of Nantai Island and enhancing the comprehensive traffic capacity of city roads in Fuzhou. Meantime, it brings enormous economic and social benefits. Compared with the losses from environmental pollution, its social benefit is still considerable. 12.4 Conclusion of Environmental Economic Losses and Gains Analysis Seen from the above computational analysis, the losses from environmental pollution of the Project of Nanjiang Binlu is RMB 725,600 Yuan/a, while the monetized benefit from oxygen production and carbon dioxide fixation of road afforestation is RMB 28,800 Yuan/a. The construction of Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RR/II and Kuiqi Bridge contributes a lot to the improvement of the transportation of Nantai Island, the development and construction of Nantai Island, the improvement of the comprehensive transportation capability of the city roads in Fuzhou city, at the same time, it brings about a great deal of economical benefit and social benefit, compared with the losses of environmental pollution, the social benefit thereof is considerable. Seen from the above computational analysis, the losses from environmental pollution of the Pollect ol Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project the 3RR/I1 is RMB 3,735,700 Yuan/a, while the monetized benefit from oxygen production and carbon dioxide fixation of road afforestation is RMB 74,300 Yuan/a. of Seen from the above computational analysis, the losses from environmental pollution of the Project Kuiqi Bridge is RMB 77,800 Yuan/a. while the monetized benefit from oxygen production and carbon dioxide fixation of road afforestation is RMB 6,700 Yuan/a. 222 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 13 Environmental Management Plan Road projects affect the environment both in construction and operation. As for the characteristics of this project, although the environmental impact in construction is wide-ranged and to a large extent, the impact is limited in a certain period. With the completion of the construction, the impact will disappear. However, impact in operation will be in a long-term sense. Therefore it is required to intensify the management and to adopt effective monitoring measures so as to minimize the impact on the environment. 13.1 Setup, personnel, arrangement and training of environment management department 13.1.1 Arrangement of fulltime environment protection management personnel in the management department of Two Roads & One Bridge In the management department of the whole project of Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RR/II and Kuiqi Bridge, two fulltime environment protection management personnel are set (one holds senior title, the other medium rank title) are arranged to take charge of the daily management, complaints about environmental impact, emergent accidents of environmental pollution and the maintenance of pollution control facilities, etc. The construction units shall also appoint 1-2 environmental management personnel. The setup of the environmental management department and personnel is shown in Table 13.1-1 below: Table 13.1-1 Setup of Environmental Management Department and Personnel ot the Project ot Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RRIII and Kuiqi Bridge Department Setup of Personnel Obligation Fuzhou City 2 fulltime environmental Take charge of the overall environmental Development and protection technological management Construction Parent management specialist Company The construction units 1-2 Environmental In charge of the environmental management personnel management within the contracted scope .______of______the project 13.1.2 Function of environmental protection of the management department The function of the management department of the project of Nanjiang Binlu, the 3rd Ring Road and Kuiqi Bridge includes not only basic management like operation dispatching, conserving and maintaining, but also the following environmental protection functions: I) Carry out environmental education and publicizing. Improve the consciousness and technological level of all levels of management and personnel and enhance their responsibility in controlling environmental pollution thus to subjectively contribute to the creation of a nice environment, and promote the work of environmental protection, especially take charge of the training on environmental knowledge of the environmental management personnel of the Contractor. 2) Formulate the measures of environmental management in construction and operation and the 223 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project operating rules of pollution control facilities. 3) Coordinate with the administration of environmental protection of Fuzhou to carry out environmental management, supervision and inspection; coordinate with them in solving various environmental pollution accidents etc. 4) As per problems arising from the operation of Two Roads & One Bridge, it is suggested to carry out further projects on scientific research and mitigation. 5) In coordtnation with Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau and the mlunicipal Public Security Bureau, formulate regulations and requirements for motor vehicles running on the Two Roads & One Bridge, and as per the requirements, carry out sampling check of the motor vehicle exhaust and noises. 6) Take charge of emergency response and disposition of traffic accidents causing environmental pollution (such as leakage of dangerous chemicals in transportation etc.) 7) Deal with complaints about the impact caused by the Two Roads & One Bridge from residents and enterprises and departments along the line and cooperate with the local environmental protection department in solving the problems. 13.1.3 Environmental Management 13.1.3.1 Environmental Management in Construction InTidC' to C'fl'CCti\ tl\ COltr-Ol the enx ironmental pollution in construction of the prOject, it is required to manage not onl\ the construction quality and progress but also the civilized level of the construction, thc ilmplemiienitationi condition of environmental impact mitigation measures, as well as to supervise and check the execution of contract clauses in terms of environmental protection. (1) The Employer while awarding the total project contract shall include the environmental control measures in construction in the Contract document and require the construction unit to strictly implement the measures via rewards and punishments. (2) The construction unit shall organize the construction in accordance with the requirements in the project contract, and various laws and regulations on environmental protection and sanitation stipulated by the nation and the local government, meanwhile, carry out civilized construction as per the environmental control measures and suggestions in the Environmental Assessment Statement so as to protect the environment. (3) Assign a supervision department with relative qualification to set up a fulltime environmental protection engineer to supervise the execution of environmental control measures by the construction units in construction. 224 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project (4) The construction unit shall assign fulltime (part-time) environmental management personnel on each construcrtion fields to carry out on-spot control and management of various pollutants. It is particularly important to control the construction time of high-noise, and high-vibration construction equipments. (5) Carry out publicizing. Because of limitation of technological facilities and construction environment, even if associated control measures are taken, environmental pollution along with the construction is unavoidable. Therefore, it is necessary to publicize the project to citizens along the line and in affected areas so as to enhance their bearing capacity of bad impacts and gain their understanding in temporarily conquering the difficulty and in coordinating with the construction unit to complete the project construction. (6) It is required to carry out environmental assessment and scientific planning of the resettlement locations of the resettlers for construction. Complete the supporting facilities so as to ensure the living quality of the resettled residents. (7) The administration departments and the construction unit shall set up office of calls and letters in particular, and install a special telephone line for complaints to receive the complaints from the public and immediately assign persons to solve the problems within a time limit. It is required to properly handle the complaints from the citizens. 13.1.3.2 Environmental management in operation Environmental management in operation is of long term. Therefore it is necessary to establish a complete management department and system, and on the basis of those, formulate and complete various environmental monitoring and management rules. Carry out regular maintenance and check and repair of the environmental protection facilities to make sure their operation in good order. In accordance with the results of environmental monitoring, formulate plans for improving and supplement the environmental control measures. 13.1.4 Plans for training In order to improve the qualification of the specialists and management personnel, it is necessary to enhance the specialized skills and management measures in fields listed in Table 13.1-2. Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau, 4 specialists responsible for environmental monitoring, and 2 persons in the project office altogether 6 persons are advised to take training abroad. Environmental consciousness and professional knowledge of the contractor are the key factors in successfully implement the environmental protection plans. Domestic training is for the contractor and the environmental protection personnel of the management department in the construction of the Two Roads & One Bridge. 13.1.4.1 Overseas Training plans Table 5.1-2 Overseas Training plans of Environmental Protection Technologies for the Project of Two Roads & One Bridge. 225 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project Contents of training Country of Numbers of Time training trainees *City noise control technology USA, Canada 6 3 weeks *Environmental impact assessment e t c *Risks assessment measures *Public participation assessment *Motor vehicles exhaust test and pollution control technology *Pollution prevention in traffic control oMonitor and simulation of city traffic pollution *Application of economical policies in environmental management *Control technology and measures of water pollution *Management measures of city traffic environment 3 weeks of overseas training aim that the trainings like the environmental protection personnel from Fuzhou shall master first hand experience and technologies required for the environmental management of city traffic and similar projects. Forms of training include technological classes and visits (environmental management departments, research institutes, universities etc.), on-spot investigation (environmental facilities and projects), and discusses and practices in environmental consulting firms for practical experiences. The training plan will improve the technological skills, management and operation ability of the trainees. Via studying environmental assessment and monitoring measures of city traffic projects and leaming test and pollution control technologies of motor vehicles, the trainees will comprehensively improve their skills in implementing the project of Two Roads and One Bridge as well as other projects. 13.1.4.2 Domestic training plans The training plans of the contractor taking part in the construction and operation of Two Roads and One Bridge play an important role. Without correct environmental consciousness, knowledge and skills required for implementation of mitigation measures, the contractor could hardly carry out environmental control measures effectively. It is suggested in the domestic training plans to train the contractor before starting the project. For details of the trainings, refer to Table 13.1.3. Table 13.1-3 Domestic Training Plan Trainee Contents Training departments Numbers of Time trainees The Contractor Environmental protection laws and Supported and led by 20 15 days regulations, environmental Fuzhou Environmental monitoring norms, rules of Protection Bureau, the management of environmental environmental protection in Fuzhou associated monitoring department with the project construction, and will organize and carry measures and technologies of out the training. _pollution control in construction. 226 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 13.2 Environmental monitoring plans In order to get some knowledge of the effects of various mitigation measures in construction and operation, to respond to the unpredicted environmental problems as early as possible, and to testify the accuracy of environmental impact prediction, environmental monitoring is generally essential. The environmental monitoring plan shall be formulated in allusion to different stages, including data obligations of collecting and analyze data, and requirements of statements. The purpose of environmental monitoring plan is to assess the effectiveness of various mitigation measures; to respond to environmental problems unpredicted in constructing the Two Roads and One Bridge; to formulate policies as per the monitoring data to improve the traffic management as well as modify and supplement the environmental measures. The Employer authol?/es FuL'hou Environmental Monitoring Department to implenmenit thc \ orlk 13.2.1 Sampling locations for monitoring The sampling locations in construction and operation are shown in Table 13 2-1 and Figure . '- I Table 13.2-1 Sampling locations for environmental monitoring of Two Roads & One Bridge PROJECT NOISE SAMPLING VIBRATION WATER AMBIENT AIR NAME LOCATIONS SAMPLING ENVIRONMENT SAMPLING LOCATIONS SAMPLING LOCATIONS LOCATIONS Nanjiang (1) Yinghua English Fanwupu Catholic (1) Yinghua Binlu School Church English School (2) Residents' dwellings (2) Fanwupu in Cangqian Road Catholic Church (3)Pacific City (3)Hebian Primary (4) Fanwupu Catholic School Church I(5)Hebian Village the 3RR/II ( I)Shangqi Village Water catchments (l) Shangqcl (2)Yangqi Village in Yixu WN'ater Primary School (3)Wushan Village Plant (the water ( [uIai- ( olIceI (4)Wufeng Village quahlty monitorinig o Inltor-mniao (5)Pukouxiazhou Village n1t0IwmaItmio ol till 'dI C l'' (6)Qianyuan Village water plant can be (3) Linpu PrimarN (7) Fujian College of used) School Information and Technology (8)Fuyuan Village I(9)Linpu Village Kuiqi ( I)Linpu Primary School (I )Water quality (1) Linpu Primary Bridge (2)Residents' dwellings in section in Kuiqi School Kuiqi Village (2) Aofeng (2) Kuiqi Village (3) Residents' dwellings Overslaugh water Primary School in Shaoqi Village quality section (4) Residents' dwellings Iin Dongbian Village 227 En\ironmental Impact Assessment Fuiznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Development Project 13.2.2 Monitoring objects, sampling frequency and time In according to the pollution characteristics of city roads, the main environmental factors for monitoring in construction and operation of the project is noise and exhaust pollution of motor vehicles. year in Items for monitoring in ambient air: NO2 . CO, TSP, PM,o sampling time and frequency: one construction, two years in operation, altogether 3 years. I day's monitoring for each season, continuous day sampling for 5 days each time, for NO2 and CO, sampling time: 6:00, 10:00, 14:00 and 18:00 every for four samples, for TSP and PM,o, continuous sampling for 24 hours. Costs for monitoring will be determined on assignment. For water monitoring, the regular monitoring section of Kuiqi and the regular monitoring information in Aofeng Overslaugh Water Plant are adopted. The nnise ic to monitor equivalent continuous A-weighted noise pressure level (Leq). Monitoring cycle and sampling time: I year in construction, 2 years in operation, altogether 3 years, 3 days and nights for each season, I time each in the day and at night. The monitoring costs will be determined after the asstgennent Vibration monitoring is to monitor VL, 1o. The monitoring cycle and sampling time are the same as those of noise. Monitoring methods: (1) As per the national monitoring measures. (2) Assign a qualified department in monitoring and technological strength to carry out the work. It is shown in Table 13.2-2 the monitoring objects, sampling frequency and time. 228 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Table 13.2-2 Monitoring Objects, Sampling Frequency and Time Monitoring Monitor Sampling Sampling time Sampling Starting time Monitoring pbjects parameters frequency locations department number Noise Leq 3 days and nights 06:00-22:00 18 Construction Undetermined each season 22:00-06:00 18 Operation Vibration VL 1lo 3 days and nights 06:00-22:00 1 Construction Undetei-niiiied each season 22:00-06:00 I Operation Uindetei-mnined PM10 1 day each season 00:00-24:00 8 Construction 8 Operation Undetermined Ambient air TSP 1 day each season 00:00-24:00 8 Construction Operation NOx 7 day each season; 1 sampling every 8 Construction 4 hours CO 8 Operation CODMn The regular BOD 5 monitoring Water DO I day each season Two times a day 2 Construction, section of Kuiqi quality SS operation and the regular Oil monitoring NH,-N informiation in Aofeng Overslaugh Water Plant are ______la d o p te d 13.2.3 Responsibilities of monitoring department and management of monitoring data The monitoring department (undetermined) will take charge of the environmental monitoring of the Project of Two Roads & One Bridge. The environmental monitoring data plays an important role in environmental management. It is seen from the data whether the future changes of environmental quality conforms to the prediction. In this way. it provides scientific foundation for formulating and modifying environmental management measures in the future. It is required to establish the archive and database management of environmental monitoring data and compile analysis and assessment statement of environmental monitoring. The specific requirements are as follows: (1) Statement contents: original data (including parameters, sampling locations, environmental conditions of monitoring, monitoring time and monitoring department), statistics, analysis and assessment of environmental quality. The person in charge is required to sign. (2) Report frequency One comprehensive statement for each quarter, and one general statement for every year. (3) Units submitting the statements to: The statements shall be submitted to the World Bank, Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau and Fuzhou City Development and Construction Parent Company. Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project 14 Assessment Conclusion and Suggestions 14.1 Role and significance of the construction of the Two Roads and One Bridge The project of Nanjiang Binlu starts from the south flyover of Cangqian Road of Minjiang Bridge in Sanxian Overslaugh, and goes by the Liberation Bridge, Minjiang Bridge II, Minjiang Bridge III, and the planned Qianheng Bridge. The Nanjiang Binlu is the north ring road of Nantai Road, a backbone road connecting the old city area of Cangshan district and the new city area of Chengmen district, and an important component of the ring road of Nantai Road. It is a road along the river integrating functions of recreation, sight-seeing and transportation. west, and stopping at The 3rd Ring Road locates in the south of the island, starting from Wanbian in the the south end of the planned Kuiqi Bridge across Minjiang River. It goes across Nantai Island from the southwest to the northeast, forming a high-speed passage connecting the downtown area with the University City, Jinshan district (newly built) and Gaishan district. As the south ring of the 3rd Ring Road, the project plays a key role in the construction and development of Nantai Island. Kuiqi Bridge is a key project in planning the east section of the 3rd Ring Road across the Minjiang River. The construction of a bridge over the river in the down stream of Minjiang River largely shortens the distance between the south and the north. The communication thus becomes more convenient and expedite. At the same time, the project is connected with the expressway to the airport, therefore, makes Changle International Airport and the area along the airport expressway nearer to the downtown area and increases the east exiting channel of Fuzhou city. What's more, the construction of the project not only completes the expressway of the 3rd Ring Road, but also largely promotes the networks construction along the 3'd Ring Road and consummates the networks structure in the urban area of Fuzhou. The construction of Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RR/II and Kuiqi Bridge is beneficial to the land exploitation and construction of the new city areas, and to the promotion of the city development via communications. What's more, it plays a significant role in promoting the development and construction of Cangshan District and the whole Nantai Island, improving the investment environment, promoting the development of the city economy and exerting the function of Fuzhou as the provincial capital and center. 14.2 Assessment and Mitigation Measures of Ecologicalal Environment 14.2.1 Ecologicalal Environment (1) Baseline of land ecologicalal environment Most districts along Nanjiang Binlu have been built. There are so many banyan trees, mangos, and Bauhtinia variegata etc along Cangqian Road. In other place, there are mainly demolishing housings and only few trees. I hele are many tangerine gardens along the 3RR'II and a few farmlands and vegetable lands. There ale banana lands, longan lands and pomegranate lands in the farmrlnds. There is plantation wood of acacia, masson pines and banyan trees, which is flourishing, on Aoshan Mountain (Duyuan Mountain), 230 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project where there are several wide trees. There are farmlands beside the two sides of south elevated viaduct of Kuiqi Bridge; there are mainly demolishing housings and few trees beside the north overpass. (2) Post-nesting migrations of fishes and crabs and situations of farms ot lower reach (includinig Kuiqi lower river) of Minjiang Riner. 1) Post-nesting migrations of fishes and crabs in lower reach of Minj iang River. _ Eel. Eels are affected during the period from November till March of the next year. Mature eels move from the freshwater to the ocean to lay eggs, incubate and then young eels come into being. Young eels move back to the freshwater to live from the ocean. According to record, there are about 2-3 tons of young ells captured at the estuary of Minjiang River. - Mitten Crab. They concentrate during the period from November to December and May to June each year. In October of each year, Mitten Crabs move from the freshwater to the ocean to propagate, mainly during the period from November till December. After oviposition, incubation and then young crabs will come into being, they move back to the freshwater from the ocean, mainly during the period from May till June. 2) Clam farm of Kuiqi reach The water area near the south side of intended Kuiqi Bridge is the natural bceed tield ot anb In addition, there are 720 mu of breed aquatic area of clams of the \ illagers. \Xhich helonva to I imil ianL, Village, Shaoqi Village, Shishan Village. FulianVillage and !hangnan \ illave. ('Imincl I o\\ n u1 C angshan District (3) Baseline of ecologicalal environment of wetland. There is Puxiazhou Wetland in the northwest.area of Kuiqi Bridge, where is near Xindang Overslaugh and Duimian Overslaugh with the nearest distance of 260m. 1) Flora of Wetland of Puxia Overslaugh There are mallow flora and weeping willow flora. Mallow flora belongs to herb swamp vegetation. There are a few associated plants near or around the flora, such as Ludwzigia, rush, sporobolus fertile and alligator altemanthera. Weeping willow is deciduous tree, which grow on the side of rivers and belongs to woody swamp vegetation; green bamboos of weeping willow flora, which grow in clumps and compose into single dominating community, and which height of 6-8m and diameter of 9-1 Om, are distributed as zonal in partial regions of Puxia Overslaugh and Xindang Overslaugh. The flora covers 80%. Green bamboos, which grow flourishingly, take priority of this kind flora. There are associated plants near the flora, such as alpinia zerumbet, neyraudia reynudiana, duranta repens iinn, rushes and eclipta prostrasta etc. 2) Phytoplankton and zooplankton; There are 97 species ol floating algae andl 71)pccI ol zooplankton. Skeletonema costatum, coscinodiscus ehrenberg, meLosi-a granulata. synedra acus. navicula and chlorella of phytoplankton; halteriagrandinella muller, strombomonas ensifera, nauplius 231 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project of Crustacea, sinocalanus dorrii, cyclops sp, brachionus urceus and bosminopsis deitersi etc of zooplankton take a comparative larger quantity in the water body. 3) Large-sized dermarsal invertebrate of Puxia Overslaugh and Xindang Overslaugh, where are mud beach wet land. According to sampling investigation, large-sized invertebrates include corbicula fluminea. anodonta woodiana(Heude). A.fluminea(Heude), limnophila aromatica (Lam.), cipanuopaludina chinensis gray. sesarma(Parasesarmna)plicata, Palaemon (Exopalamon) carincauda I liith i. .Idl1Ltc. itc-ihi]la(i.l crah and lUMPing shnnip etc. 4) lankton of \\ ld gooses and ducks and waders provide sufficient baits for growth and propagation of aquatic organismis such as various fishes. shrimps and shells in the sea area; but fish, shrimp and shell provide material basis for habitat and feeding of various aquatic birds and migrants in wetland at the estuary of lower river, Minjiang River. There are large numbers of wild gooses and ducks and waders inhabit in Puxia Overslaugh and Xindang Overslaugh each year. But at present, only snipes and wild gooses and ducks gather and feed here. Familiar birds here include: grebe, egret, grey heron, Chinese Pond-heron, black-crowned night-Heron, spot-billed duck, common teal, common greenshank and common sandpiper. 5) There is large area of clam farms, which is provided with high density of population. In addition, there is large area of farmland, grassland and sandbank, where have abundant grains and melons and fruits, around this river section. There are various fishes, shrimps and shells as well as various insects and their grubs, which are also very important natural baits of migrants, in the water body. 14.2.2 Impact and mitigation measures on ecologicalal environment (1) Impact and mitigation measures on land ecologicalal environment a. Impact on agricultural production of land occupation There are 2332.43mou of land acquisition by Two Roads and One Bridge Project. Deducting woodland and space for future usage, there are 1785.36mou of agricultural land, among which are 192.38mou of vegetable land, 1188.57mou of garden plot, 59.84mou of cultivated land and 23.35mou of stew. The 3RR/II occupies most of farmlands and orchards. It is clear that construction of Two Roads and One Bridge Project will bring about certain impact on local agricultural economics. Yet impact on agricultural economics is not a main problem because Nantai lsland has been planned as new downtown area and agricultural land will be changed as urban land. b. Impact on plants According to investigation of baseline, The 3RR/II take 105.29mou of woodlands, of which on Aoshan Mountain (Duyuan Mountain). Main species of trees are acacia, masson pines and banyan trees, as well as several diffuse camphor trees. During construction period, cinnamomum camphora shall be removed in time and not be destroyed; after road construction is finished, two sides of the road shall be greened in order reduce loss of partial plants. 232 Emnironmenital InipLtct ASS2SIclnt Fuznou Naitai Island Pen-Urban Dcselopnicni Piolcct (2) Impact and mitigation measures on water ecologicalal environment Construction of the bridge will impact on aquatic organisms in a certain period, thus the corresponding measures shall be taken: in construction period, during the process of drillng pier ground, deposition ot mud fluid shall be filtered well to reduce suspended matter in the water to protect living environment of fishes; According to living habit of the freshwater eel and mitten crab, environmental pollution and ecologicalal damage shall be reduced in the water body near the bridge, especially in the period from November to December and from May to June. Mitigation measures shall be enforced in case construction must be continued in the above-mentioned period. During construction period, in order to protect ecologicalal balance and species continuance of fishes, Fuzhou Municipal Oceanic and Fishery Administration suggests to increase financial investment of propagation and openflow, organize experts to investigate and research to formulate plans of propagation and openflow of freshwater eel and mitten crab and other species of stock fish and breed on time; compensate for culturists of clam and throw in breeds of clams on time. The above-mentioned measures and means shall be adopted. In operating period, vehicle carrying dangerous articles shall be prevented from accidents to bring about obvious water pollution. Drain of the bridge surface shall not be designed and constructed to the river directly, but within the dams. Buffer tank shall set on the two ends of Kuiqi Bridge. In case pollution is released, it can be drained into the tank. All measures are in order to prevent or reduce damage on fishes and clams and reduce the impact to the lowest limit. (3) Impact and rnitigation measures on wetland ecologicalal environment For Puxia Overslaugh and Xindang Overslaush, where are waterlocked around all sides of perch grass-covered wetland. Except Puxia Overslaugh, there are numbers of areas of batture, grassland and sand reef of more than thousands of mu providing necessary living environment for hygrophyte; providing propagating place, feeding place and habitat for various animals, especially providing removal lines for those Asia-pacific migrants; and playing an important role in helping the living though the winter of aquatic animals and wading birds. The original design plan makes Nanjiang Binlu go though Puxiazhou Wetland. In case of constructing according to the original plan, the wetland will be destroyed seriously, therefore direction of Nanjiang Binlu shall be changed as from the starting point, to Qianheng Bridge (in planning), then to Qianheng South Road in order to avoid impact on the wetland. There are 260m from the planned Kuiqi Bridge to Wetland of Xindangzhou. The construction of the bridge will not bring about obvious impact on land ecologicalal environment and water ecologicalal environment; but light of construction may impact the removal of birds. According to consultation of Fujian Wild Animal Protection Managing Station, experts consider that there is a little impact. 14.2.3 Measures of protecting zoology and preventing soil and water loss Nanjiang Binlu and the 3RR/II are constructed on plain mostly; Kuiql Bridge is constructed as bridge and overhead structure. Taking one with another, water and soil loss is not serious. Only the 3RR/II will be excavated where it goes through Aoshan Mountain (Duyuan Mountain). Excavation as filling and balance of excavation and filling need not establish soil field and waste field. For stone materials, there are abundant resources of granite and lave in stockyards in Mawei and 233 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project Changle, and the transportation distance is 5-25km. Outsourcing is also permitted. Sand is rich in the upper section of the south port of Minjiang River and Houguan, and the transportation distance is 5-30km. In the construction of the roads, at the hilly areas near Aoshan Mountain, water loss and soil erosion is easy to occur. Therefore, measures like breast wall and sand bank etc. shall be adopted for preventing water loss and soil erosion. And after the construction it is required to take afforestation measures to avoid water loss and soil erosion. For roadbed, slopes of embankment and road-cut, it is required to take measures like plantation or engineering methods to avoid water loss and soil erosion; surface of slopes passed by the bridge and culvert are always washed by the river or channel, thus shall be taken engineering methods such as slope protection measures or revetment for; the construction access road or diverting road shall be protected mainly with plantation, supplemented by essential engineering methods. 14.3 Baseline noise environment, impact assessment and mitigation measures 14.3.1 Baseline noise environment The baseline LAeq values at Nanjiangbinlulu are 53.8-67.8dB(A) during the day time meeting the Class IV of Urban Area Environmental Noise Standards while those at night time are 41.8-48.8dB(A), meeting the Class II standards. The baseline LAeq values at Second Phase of Third Ring Road area are 46.0-57.6 dB(A) during the day time meeting the Class II of Urban Area Environmental Noise Standards while those at night time are 42.1-43.2 dB(A), meeting the Class I standards. The high highway is due to the fact area is a green field and there is no major noise sources in the proposed project area. 14.3.2 Construciton noise impacts and mitigation The noise at construction phase is expected to exceed Construction Site Boundary Noise Steandards by about 3-9 dB(A) during the day time. If there must be night time construction, the noise can exeed applicable standards by up to 23 dB(A). I)1 n11,11 '11111l",IlllO l 111c';19l11'c' icllt'11^ * l'iollihit higl noise hligh \ibrationi construction activities during the noon break and at night. \oisC ClepmlleCt \\ ill be used x\here possible. * Arrange high noise activities away from sensitive receptors where possible and if not temporary noise barriers will be installed. * Truck movement will be arranged to be away from sensitive receptors. 143.3 Opeation Phase Noise and Mitigation Noise during operation will be increased in the project areas compared to the current levels. At the sensitive receptors, the anticipated noise will most be higher than the applicable standards during operation. To mitigate the impacts, the following main measures will be taken: * Plan the urban development along the roads in the way that no mor sensitive receptors on the 234 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project first row facing the roads. * The road will use low noise asphalt * At interchanges and evelated viaduct, use seamless or flexible connections for low noise and vibration. * At very sensitive receptors such as hospitals and schools, double glazed noise isolation windows will be installed. 14.3.4 Kuiqi Bridge Noise Impact Following the completion of the bridge, noise at both ends will increase by 6.1-26.1dB(A) at day time and 8.7-29.7dB(A). The large incremental incease is partially due to the high acoustic quality under the baseline conditions. The noise levels will further increase in 2020. Depending on the heights of the receptors from the ground, the noise levels may esceed the applicable standards. A total of six sensitive receptors will be affected by the bridge noisc. nMllUd.imd'fOl \ l i 0c>ow school and one kindergarten. A total of 245 households with an estimated 122l' people is in the impacted areas. The impact to these residential houses can be up to 22 dB(A) over- lht: apphliabic standards during the day time and 24 dB(A) at night. As major mnitigation measures, noise barrier will be installed at the interchanges right off the bridge at the north end noise isolation windows will be installed at the school and kindergarten. 14.4.1 Current status assessment of ambient air quality 1) CO hourly mean value: CO hourly mean value of five sampling locations in five successive days and four times per day, level one. 2) NO2 hourly mean value: NO2 hourly mean value of five sampling locations in five successive days and four times per day. Except that some frequencies of 24 Jiangbian Elementary School on Feb. 18, 2004 exceeded level one, the frequency concentration values in other sampling 3 locations are all less than level one (!0.12mg/ m ); NO2 hourly mean values in the normal monitoring locations of Yantai Mountain in five days are all less than level one. 3) PMIo daily mean value: PMIO daily mean value oftfic sampling locations In i\c dJ\S Iil I Fanchuanpu Cathedral, 3' Wushan Elementary School and 5 (angshan l owin South Emperor (Nan Di) Xanadu Administration reach level one: the monitorin.Le alue in 2 Jiangbian Elementary School is level two to three for two days; the monitoring value in 4 Fujian College of Information and Technology is level two to three for two days as wxell The PM1 O daily mean values in the normal sampling locations of Yantai Mountain are less than level two for five days. 4) CO hourly mean value in Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RRIII and Kuiqi Bridge keeps level one, and NO2 hourly mean value level one in general; PM1 o daily mean value keeps level two, and specific monitoring value reaches level three. In general, the air quality on the sides of the Two Roads & One Bridge is fairly good. 235 I T1I HcrIIIIItaij linipac Asciss nicSllC I ii, no \111.l IsL d PlCTI I hanb Dc%Cloptllictt Project 14.4.2 Impact of ambient air during construction period and mitigation measures (1) Impact of ambient air during construction period Air pollution is mainly caused by the following factors during construction period: flying dust produced by construction excavation, transportation vehicles and construction machines running on the traveled path; raising and spilling dust produced by loading and unloading, transportation and piling of construction materials (concrete, lime and sandstone materials) as well as piling and transportation of excavation waste soil; waste gas discharged by all kinds of construction machines and transportation vehicles. (2) Mitigation measures during construction period The following mitigation measures are suggested: 1) Engineering excavated earth shall be collected and piled together and backfilled in time to alleviate the impact time of dust: during excavation, drilling and removal period, spray some \\atcr to keep the operation at a specific humidlty and avoid flying of dust. 2) Strengthen the management of backfilling earthwork piling locations, and constitute some measures such as compaction of earthwork surface, spraying at fixed period and covering; undesired clay and waste slag of construction materials shall be carried away in time instead of.piling for a long time. 3) Concrete and asphalt concrete shall be transported in sealed tank car. Open cars adopted for transportation shall not be loaded with too much materials which shall be covered completely by cloth; the running routes and time of the transportation vehicles shall be well arranged and managed to avoid running in the downtown district, district with much traffic volume, residents' housing district and other sensitive districts. The transportation vehicles shall be furnished with covers. The transportation vehicles shall be flushed and cleaned before loading or unloading, so as to reduce the clay taken along by the wheels and chassis to fall on the road surface. 4) During construction period, the waste construction materials shall not be used as fuel for buming. The dining hall on the construction site shall adopt petroleum gas or electric cookers instead of fuel oil cookers. 5) IThe construction road shall be kept level. Full-time staff shall be assigned to deal with the maintenance, repair and cleaning of the construction access roads, thus to keep the road clean and in a good operation status. 6) There is relatively more fuel oil mechanical equipment during the construction period. Fixed mechanical equipment which is running within fifty meters of the windward direction shall be furnished with dust removal equipment. 7) If the construction site is located near the old city zone (Nanjiang Binlu) and the villages by which the 3RR/II pass through and Kuiqi Village, the construction site all around shall be furnished with enclosing walls of more than 1.8 meters high. The main roads in the 236 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project construction site shall be hardened and kept clean. Flourishing facilities shall be set up at the exit. The guard and wheels of the transportation vehicles shall be flourished clean before leaving the site without taking dust and clay out of the site. 8) Slag clay and rubbish shall be removed within three days after demolishing. Those cannot be removed in time shall be covered perfectly; slag clay and rubbish shall be sprayed to keep the dust under control while loadmg; if construction cannot be carried out within three months after demolishing, the bare mud in the site shall be covered, hardened or greened simply to avoid flying dust. 14.4.3 Impact of ambient air during operation period and mitigationi measures (1) Impact of ambient air during operation period 1) CO concentration distribution on both sides of the road: CO impact concentration on both sides of all the sections of Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RR/II and Kuiqi Bridge is relatively small both under general atmosphere conditions and unfavorable weather conditions in all the forecast characteristic years, which does not exceed level two of ambient air quality. 2) NO2 : Under general atmosphere conditions, except for the forecast characteristic year 2020, the concentration of NO2 in all the sections of the Two Roads & One Bridge satisfies the level two requirement of environmental quality in the function areas; under unfavorable atmosphere conditions, NOx in the emission of motor vehicles has a big impact on the ambient air quality on both sides of the road, and will be especially obvious in year 2020 due to the increment of traffic volume and pollutant, among which the environment qualify in Nanjiang Binlu can still keeps level two, and the concentration of NO2 pollutant 50 meters around the 3RR/II and Kuiqi Bridge will be relatively high, exceeding the level two of environmental quality. However, the pollution is not severe in general. 3) Impact on sensitive places (2) Mitigation measures of motor vehicles' emission pollution during operation period I) Ensure the design running speed and relieve emission pollution. 2) Carry out mitigation measures regarding pollutant sources: The motor vehicles whose emission pollutant is discharged exceeding the standard level shall not pass through; strengthen the testing and repair of motor vehicles and support and cooperate with local governments to deal with motor vehicles' emission pollution mitigation. 3) Mitigation measures regarding diffusion of air pollutant Increase the diffusion distance of air pollutant. It is preferred to build warehouses, shopping malls and office buildings within 100 meters away the sides of the undeveloped roads so as to relieve the impact of residents caused by NO2 which is discharged beyond the standard value; carry out greening on both sides of the road, thus to make full use of the plants to purify ambient air. Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project (3) Plans and measures on control of motor vehicle exhaust pollution in Fuzhou city As motor vehicle belongs to mobile source, so it's difficult to control pollutant from exhaust of motor vehicles through taking measures on single road & bridge or several roads & bridges, and it's hard to do the deed like this. The domestic and overseas experiences show that it is an urban or regional system engineering to control the pollutant from exhaust of motor vehicles. 1) Plans on motor vehicle exhaust pollution control in Fuzhou city a. Group Indication System of Environmental Protection that is also called Yellow & Green Indication System is implemented on motor vehicle to conduct environmental protection grouping on motor vehicles. Green labeling is issued to gasoline vehicles compliant with Euro I standard and diesel vehicles above Euro II standard, while yellow labeling is issued to carburetor motor cars, open loop electrical ignition vehicles and those diesel vehicles failing to achieve Euro II standard. After grouping, Fuzhou Traffic Management Bureau may clean up all the vehicles in the urban area. It's required for vehicles with yellow labeling to accept inspection by the annual inspection station once half a year, while vehicles with green labeling are to be inspected once a year Besides, it's necessary to work towards the local code and regulation issued for limitation oi r-unning road section and running time for vehicles with yellow labeling. In addition, screen the vehicles coming and going in an electronic supervisor way - electronic nit W'hile license plate comes into electronic net, electronic net could identify the vehicle w1ith yellow labeling or green labeling automatically and whether the vehicle is at unauthorized area. The number of vehicles screened would be exposed on media periodically. b. At present, environmental supervisors have been arranged by Fuzhou Environmental Protection Bureau for strengthening the inspection, who would take photos or screen the vehicles with black smoke. The vehicles on road would be taken electronic evidences, and the supervision on vehicles with black smoke also would be strengthened. The executive persons of Environmental Protection Bureau take two half-days every week to take photos on road for those vehicles with black smoke, and these photos would be taken as the evidences for traffic policemen to deal with and punish. In another way, Traffic Police Station may be asked to transfer the documents of these vehicles to us so that we can deal with according to the relevant laws and regulations and expose the vehicles violating the rules on media. c. As it's not regulated in new "Law of the People's Republic of China on Road Traffic Safety" that the traffic police department can punish the running vehicles with black smock, so it's urgent to issue a local regulations to supplement the rules on punishment, including that it chould he rutled that the runnine vehicles with black smoke can be punished and shall be O-(letclI tl th. echckl poiiint authori7ed bh Environmental Protection Department, besides, the ehll, iC~l 1.I rpu< ihc reheclkeel t\e Ice shall he forced to discard. d. The personnel at annual inspection station shall check on and supervise the vehicles on the check line, and issue the certification to those qualified vehicles. 238 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project e. Set more road check posts in urban area. Arrange one traffic policeman and two persons for environmental protection for every road check post to increase the check times and strengthen the executions of road check. Besides the fixed road check posts, running road check posts also shall be set to make surprise check of the running vehicles at the variable time and variable places. f. Actively cooperate with media to periodically expose the vehicles violating rules, publicize the trends and promote the significance of work on motor vehicle, so as to improve people's consciousness and strengthen the prestige and influence of our work. g. Against the serious exhaust pollution caused by public buses and passenger vehicles, the emphasis of next work would be put on improve the phenomenon of black smoke from public buses and passenger vehicles. We could suggest the municipal government eliminate public minibuses so as to control the phenomenon of black smoke from the source. 2) Measures on motor vehicle exhaust pollution control in Fuzhou city a. Strength propagandizing We have printed promotional publications on motor vehicle exhaust management to explain the common sense about motor vehicle exhaust and the management dynamic conditions. And such publications have been distributed to Fujian Vehicle Transportation General Company, Fuzhou Huawei Vehicle Transportation Company, Fuzhou Public Transportation Group Co., Ltd. etc. combining with the daily inspection to make promotions. At the same time, traffic companies would be urged to compile -50 Questions on Public Bus Exhaust and distribute the books to the subordinated fleets. b. Implement source control of new car exhaust pollution Through forbidding to sell 2-cycle motorcycles in urban area, stopping issuing licenses for motorcycles and stopping selling and issuing licenses for carburetor cars with serious pollution and hard to govem, the pollution spread of motorcycles and carburetor cars is efficiently controlled. Strengthen the replacement and style choosing of taxis. Electric ignition technology and catalytic converter must be adopted for replaced taxis after July 4th, 2002, and the exhaust must be compliant with the national environmental protection standard so as to step by step control the exhaust pollution of taxis with high frequency of running in urban area on the source. C. Expedite the replacement and updating Urge the public transportation companies to replace vehicles seriously exceeding the limits of exhaust. Before the New Year's Day of 2004, 215 minibuses were discarded, and 320 were updated. It is planned to update tens of vehicles before the end of the year. d. Enforce the supervision and spot check of motor vehicle parking locations Carry out constant supervision and spot check of public buses. In 2003 and the first half ot 2004, 240 lines (time) of public transportation courses, altogether 1949 vehicles (time) were 239 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project checked, and the qualification rate was 65%. 689 violating vehicles (time) were required to be fathered. At the same time, in 11 department in 11 departments with motor vehicle parking lots including Fuzhou passenger station, carry out spot check of exhaust of some long distance coaches, in this way eliminate pollution over the border by vehicles exceeding the limits. e. Coordinate with the traffic police department to implement the annual inspection. Fuzhou environmental protection department actively cooperate with the traffic police departmenit to carry out annual inspection of motor vehicle exhaust in the annual inspection station of the traffic police. Only vehicles of which the exhaust is up to standards shall pass the inspection. f. Carry out road inspection For vehicles exceeding the exhaust limit, our bureau will urge the owners thereof to father within a time limit for re-inspection. The traffic police department will temporarily detain their licenses and issue Notification of Disposition and Field Record of Traffic Violation. g. Promote the usage of clean energy of public buses. Coordinate with the public transportation companies in testing of biodiesel and exhaust purifier. 14.5 Current status of water environment, impact assessment and mitigation measures 14.5.1 Current status of water environment Ktiiqi BrIcdLC crTOes the Minpjane River at K uiqi. where the river section is measured as per class III standard and the pollution index is 0.32-0.8. and the water quality is in conformity with the class III standard. the Aofengzhou section is measured as per class II standard and the pollution index is 0. 1 4-0.68. and the water quality is in conformity with the class II standard. Thus proves that the current water quality is good in Aofengzhou-Kuiqi Section of Beigang, Minjiang River. The Nanjiang Binlu and the 3RRIII cross 7 and 4 inland rivers respectively. Water in those rivers spanned by the Nanjiang Binlu is of very poor quality, which is basically all class V waterbody; water in rivers spanned by the 3RR/II is of class IV-V standard, with some of them the class V waterbody. Other than the pH index, all other assessment factors exceed the class IV water quality standard. The overall inland water environment has been severely polluted. 14.5.2 Impact on the water environment during construction period and mitigation measure (1)Impact on the water environment during construction period Impact upon Beigang during construction of Kuiqi Bridge: The effluent from the construction area will be subjected to sedimentation and oil-separation treatment before discharge, which will bring little impact on Beigang. Similarly, SS has little environmental impact on Beigang as well. However, the petroleum will cause certain influence around the discharge outlet. Basically, the "Water Quality Standard for Fisheries" can be met at 13()m downstream of the discharge outlet; effluent from 240 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project construction of the bridge piers will cause considerable impact upon SS in the water environment However, as the pile foundation is constructed in a cofferdam, the impact therefrom would be tranlsient. Impact upon inland rivers by construction of the Nanjiang Binlu and the 3RR/Il: Construction wastewater includes slurry from digging and drilling activities, cooling and washing water from machinery and equipment, and oil-bearing wastewater from construction equipment operation or maintenance/service. Unless treated before discharge, these kinds of wastewater will have impact on receiving waters; Because Nanjiang Binlu is going to be constructed within the flood-preventing dam, the living wastewater from local residents, as that from the construction personnel, enters the urban drainage system and the living garbage is collected by the environmental protection station for treatment; The 3rd Ring (Phase II) is also going to be constructed within the flood-preventing dam, but there are no urban underground drainage systems along the route, so measures shall be taken to prevent pollution by living wastewater and living garbage. Ground water washes the loose soil, construction-used gravel and sand, garbage, abandoned soil, etc, and carries a lot of soil and sand into the Minjiang River and may block the river bed and water pipes. (2)Mitigation measures during construction period I) During road construction period, there are quantity of slurries and oiL IlncludLd In the construction wastewater, which shall be basically treated before being dcischarued [IoI the II,, pipeline network. Direct discharge into the Minjiang Ri\ er and inlanid ri\ ers i i I plxIlhlbilhcd 2) During construction period, it is strictly prohibited to dnilp the el ILald K I .1 .11 I\ . .i l into rivers adjacent, so that the pollution to the water area will be minimized Ilhlerinto. tol boitd waste slug, it can be backfilled in a reclamation dam (above the maximum water level) upon approval of the water conservancy authority, or it shall be handed over to the environmental department for disposal. 3) Residual oil and waste oil during the bridge construction period shall be recycled and stored in different containers generally as per mixture situations of them. Oil-bearing wastewater comes from the relevant operation and from the cabin of boat for construction purpose, for which, the mechanical centrifuigal oil-water separator shall be adopted for filtration and treatment. 4) The construction unit shall also treat roughly the slurry water for filtration and sedimentation. Direct discharge of slurry water into Minjiang River and inland rivers is prohibited. The construction unit shall strengthen it management for civilized construction, with rainwater guild canal and filtration & sedimentation tank provided within the construction range at both banks. 5) For the safety of flood-prevention and for protection of the living and produLction of the people ii is strictly prohibited to excavate the flood-pre\ention dam aiid cnbiihiinkliLlt dI.hiii'inc construction period. 6) If the waste from excavation is freely dumped and placed, it may cause "atci loss anid sOil erosion in case of storm. If it enters into the city drainage system and inland rivers, it may block the drain ditch after settlement while the slurry water discharged directly into the inland rivers will lead an increase of the sand content of the water in the river and cause deposit on the river bed. In addition, the slurry water is also mixed with other pollutions like the cement and oil etc. 241 Environmental Impact Assessment Fuznou Naitai Island Peri-Urban Development Project on the construction site, which will cause pollution to the waterbody. 14.5.3 Impact upon the water environment during the operation period and the mitigation measures (I )Impact upon the water environment during the operation period The forecast shows that. because the concentrations of CODC,, oil, and SS in the bridge deck rainwater rainwater has .it lo lm(ithe flo\\ rate at Ktiiqi ection of Minjiang Beigang is high. so the bridge deck a limited impact on the xater quahty of Mlintlang River. (2)Mitigation measures against water pollution during operation period During the operation period, the impact of road surface source pollution on the water is small. Obvious pollution often comes from vehicles carrying hazardous goods. Experiences show that the probability of accidents on the bridge that lead to water pollution is very low. However, in order to prevent pollution, corresponding measures shall also be ready in place. During the construction period, rainflow on the bridge deck shall not be directly discharged into the river. It shall be guided into the dike. In addition, buffering cells shall be built at the point of discharge, namely at the both ends of Kuiqi Bridge, so that when pollutants are leaked, they can be guided into the cells for treatment. Surveying and comparison shows that, at the worst, two 5T vehicles might collide with each other and cause leakage of IOT toxic substances, so one 10-m 3 buffering cells shall be built at each end of the bridge. 14.6 Impact upon the cultural property and the protection measures 14.6.1 Analysis on impact upon the cultural property by the "Two Roads & One Bridge" project Along both sides of the Nanjiang Binlu. there are two cultural property in Jiancheng District. i.e.. the An'lan Guild Hall and the Fanchuanpu Catholic Church; from start of the 3RR/1I , there are five cultural property in Jiancheng District, i.e., the Former Residence of Yan Fu and Pushan Temple in C,aishan Town. Lingshan Temple in Luozhou Town, Lianjiang School and (South Song Dynasty) Emperor's Xanadu in Chengmen Town; at northwest of the flyover by south of the Kuiqi Bridge, there are two cultural property in Jiancheng District, i.e., the Linpu Cannon Turret and the Linpu Stone Tower. Subjected to the analysis, construction of the Nanjiang Binlu will influence Fanpuchuan Catholic Church the most and has little or no impact on the other eight sites. 14.7 Public participation Tow methods as visit and meeting are adopted to collect opinions from the mass and relevant units. The key range for public participation covers the people affected along the routes and the urban area where the road is to be constructed. The urban residents and related government officials at various levels are 242 i-] )I cllill.l Jr1Fii t \i. ... 1 Fuznou Naitai Islaiid Pcii-L I,n ii L)c\CL, licl P c ,'.. visited and interviewed; for villagers committee and the township government in the countryside, the villagers affected and related government officials at various levels are visited and interviewed. .1) Most of the interviewed peoples support construction of the roads and the bridge. t. 2) Issues put forward by the interviewed peoples and proposed to take into consideration during planning and design of the road include: It is suggested to avoid the historic sites, swamped land and ancient trees during planning; It is suggested to consider multiple proposals for design of the line across the Fanchuanpu Church, including adoption of bridge to prevent the church square from occupation; the Church's opinion shall be collected and full coordination is required for resolution; during construction, appropriate measures shall be adopted to prevent the An'lan Guild Hall and the Fanchuanpu Church etc. from impact due to vibration from the construction; It is suggested not to occup\ the Puxiazhou sxsamped land It is suggested to set the 3 rd Ring Road along the Wulongjiang RL\ an.ldI IdIthILI I It IlII I in order to occupy less farm land and demolish less houses, Flyover crossing shall be avoided when never possible when passing by the villages; 3) Opinions from people along the line during the construction period The road construction can be concentrated in a considerably short period, so that the inconvenience to residents along the road due to the construction noise could be shortened; the construction site shall be reasonably arranged, with the concrete mixer, bitumen cooking facilities far away from the residential places. 4) Suggestions to be taken into consideration after the road is constructed and put into use: After the road is constructed and put into use, there will be more residential buildings and office buildings by the road. However, the heavy vehicles will cause pollutions like noises, exhaust and dusts. Therefore, it is suggested to put traffic limit on Nanjiang Binlu and stop heavy motor vehicles and transient vehicles. 14.8 General Conclusion Construction of the Two Roads & One Bridge will improve the road network structuri- of Fuzhou City, which will help the land development and construction of the new area, promote the traffic and guide the city development. It has great significance to change the investment environment of Fuzhou City, propel development of the city economy and display the function of the Fuzhou City as capital of Fujian Province. The Nanjiang Binlu is originally designed to set across Puxiazhou swamped land. If it is implemented that way, the very swamped land will be damaged seriously. Therefore, the route is changed to South Qianheng Road. Such a change is purposed to protect the swamped land from environmental pollution and damage, which is the best protection to the environment. 243 Environmental Impact Assessment FP/inou Naitai lsland Peri-Uirbatn Development Project As the Two Roads and One Project will occupy some farm lands and woodlands, construction thereof will affect the local agricultural economy to a certain degree. However, the area along the Two Roads & One Bridge has been planned as a new urban area and the farm land has turned into urban land, the loss to agricultural economy will be compensated from development of the urban economy. During construction period of Kuiqi Bridge, the construction unit shall also do filtration and sedimentation treatment towards the slurry water and stop direct discharge of other hazardous materials into the Kuiqi Section of Minjiang River; during operation period, relevant measures shall be adopted to prevent risky accident to protect the ecological environment of the fish and the clam farm. Along the Two Roads & One Bridge, there are 9 cultural property under District-Level protection, among which, great impact will be on the Fanchanpu Catholic Church only due to construction of the Nanjiang Binlu. For other cultural property, there is little or no impact. Therefore, construction of the new residential building of Fanchangpu Church and landscape construction for the church will be well prepared so that the adverse impact therefrom will be minimized. Upon completion of the Two Roads & One Bridge Project, there would be no apparent impact by the exhaust of vehicles upon the ambient air within near range of the route under general weather conditions, the traffic noise will bring certain impact upon residents in the first row of buildings by both sides of the route. Therefore, relevant mitigation measures shall be applied to reduce impact upon surrounding environment after the project is put into operation. To sum up, except the section at north of the Fanchuanpu Church where the route is difficult to avoid, the route selection of the Nanjiang Binlu, the 3RR/II and the Kuiqi Bridge is reasonable. If the construction unit can adopt mitigation measures suggested in. this statement for the pollution, the impact upon the surrounding environment can be controlled. Therefore, viewing from the environmental impact, construction of the Nanjiang Binlu, the 3rd Ring Road and the Kuiqi Bridge is feasible. 244 FUZHOU URBAN TRANSPORT LOCATION 11d.4 I \xuiecheng Naii.g Grubshan0 i'Scltit.ll: uje( Gaish.ari~~~ t ut (lulo.i~ ~ ~ Guha F i I I I i i i I _ ~~~~~~~~~~~~1700 300 3501_ 150_1_ 3 _ 5 0 _ _ 5~~~75+350 150115,375+350 50 _ _ 50 15 0 301,150 "1| 3bO | 2 375bO 5 0- -, 375"-5300 50 -- 1 2.4-1 WHTNAL rNMIMMMff I 4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 1r7' s 7t .' . ~~~11Ie~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ S' A 7 W -i RI 5 RI ons X ~79*1JU#1MWiEE ~~~ iAi I L } 4'_~~~~~~~ 7 - , ',, III @ § t ^ -2\50 12.4 I 3600 7 2O~ -)0 0 3 5 35T 373, 05 7 7 375 50 50 300 "DO A 3600 200 3 5 .~~~~~3 5 2.- f MO.J [Tif 5 500 200 l200 300 50 50 375 375 375 50 5050 350 375 375 50 A 37 AT-it * A .=A' A I N 4rt .1*J__A Figure(3<151WaterQualityZoninginFuzhou* 1! * ' ,,.-,_ 9~~~~~~~~~~~, Figure 3.1.5-1 Water Quality Zoning in Fuzhou A P r- D ! aA (1 81cu Figure 3.1.5-2 Ambient Air Quality Zoning in Fruzhou I nolizn, u! tu!noZ a!lsnooV C-S-SI'S gin%ij _>- I 1 * \ _ g * i!;!;1D:>1P; ;@?lf#7fItI'if'it||t Li S;S; C!lDlill!IItiII tl liIII M; r:x|;j~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~IINf~l r - - x [;'s:!nl.il I I _l 11Ptl_ln,kl1:t|>1;':i:ivilillttI?s+E.Iili,-l1-I01llS lip(i rj, t g, f I ji qiIi.t, I rifI,. I _ t!11_ ..... _ |_ ...... jPtSllJ.} 2PS!1.t1 j' l aI;,l1. i;t'U?16ta:pf ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~17ii a a~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~f I I 7'*St 4 ¾~ I Zhenw~u cemple--6) 2 j Cingqan re,idennal 3' \'mrhua Ernglish school 4) ..\nhan 5, flapingyang resideintial 6) Resldenndil 7) Fanchuanpu church 8") Q,ianhengnanIu re!sidential E 'fl Quanhengnanilu residential W~- 7 9 'a'~~~~~~~~~5+ I 11 aseqj PROU 4 f Nuols sioidoaaH PAt.j!SUOS U!ISW Z-C-P-C 0.10kq I T _NY jj f Muo ",-F12 tiooot m EL iA4 'i"intaw N I 49 .1, 30: ,. mu, w -, DM 11POI +Iff W40 J*91161b 1.1h rp Wm*" vc V'A41 P V* W4 to lxax !30 + WM slu lh'g W b W.A 1-r I., ;, U1)j . . s, WIL 'A rasc ...to ar, Pr d KtL 04 wp v &-V m av rv z ol ,A1A Figure 3.4.3-3 Main Sensitive Receptors near Kuiqi Bridge I A i J I Figure 3.4.3-4 Proposed Alignment and Fanchuanpu Church % w- 0 -to 20302o in LO ------7-7 r ~ ~ ------" , 377I~QT. ... ,k ;!/'-X/ ~~~~~~~~.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~---- .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~----- I Figure 3.4.3-5 Proposed Alignment and Yinghua English School EN~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0 10 20 0 rot ---- - ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~------ ,- - -= ------* 5 : . -=l l------u T s . = ' ' ; . 6 -'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I,~~~~~~~~~J 71 ~ ' ;0~~~ / * ~ ~~~ N ~ ~ ~ S *-.,**,~~~~~~~~~~ I I X Figure 3.4.3-6 Proposed Alignment and Information College I1 r - ~--> -~Cv , _, g o hi1' KC /8^{Nso-t S> S t '\ / '\,%tp'!l I? - = z X . ~ 4= 769 a hS--- O o59AK I .t=.. Af~~~~~~~C~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~----- I ,,S,-4. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~A I 4- * 4.. S j a - *2 - * . - . * * -4 - 4 S - S S 4 5 .3 S * - 4 * .4 *55* .. S * * S S = I I I 41~~~~~~~~ Figure84*3 .1 We~~~tlan 'A ain ln Mnin ie Figure 4f3. 1 Wetland Locations along Minjiang River I I I 4"i\~~ M-. 44. iA I AKA 'r IE Mr, wt Nt \Y An f 'RAW-r T !,P 9 it Ok 0.5 lkm ti tj P 11, I-M _. I I Jr im 1 n mris IN I-A.Wj bj& CA AMtcR I+ Mn ,6 A 41.4k to r lkl __ t;P -ye WLI 93 MhNfi 30+ q,R Upton di UO rpp-, mq- lum WO04It AT 6# T-wq 2#FHT OA Q T,A Mll% pp IV 5r Figure 5.1-2 Noise and Aii- Monitoring Sites along 3 rli Ring Road Phase 11 I I I I ~~jj~~~~wifluiOU~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ 45~~~~d 1i - r IN 1 .- [906 I* m '---v [ AF -1jWiIQW Es, -- vi J*XUOn 1 12 2i Mg.9.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,,"4,, ao[9g 9vo SgiRs)¢/rFolSB13 956 4A 902 965_ 9_ le@$n@L812 3OI 39(IRA)[M *imP +2~~~~~~~~ & -t 7Dc{*4gt&g3Je-si AUz4IOfy X7 'ju 112 1gr4t99 N-CF| _ 9 808 812 81 949 957 960 1,-S ~ ~~~~~~~~~~51 13 .ttilgaolFbt R...... 0 jZ14AgRM haQ*S25tm; lienstt .1~II-- # ,9 -381 Figure 5.1.3 Water Monitoring Sites near Kuiqi Bridge I - 0430750 430800 430850 40 43090 431000 421050 431100 431150 431200 431250 co~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~o |O[NO' . N | co N-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- 03 t0 / ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(C 0N- 430750 430300o430850c430900o4 43 co 03~~~~~~~~~~~'' co -eq 4 (N 7fo / to9 I co ~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~t~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Figure 5.3.4-1 Predicted 2010 Noise Isoline at Naajingbinlu (Day Time) 4i67043060 40803090 40950 43100,- 43-05 43100 431150 43120o 431250 I I 430750 430800 430850 430'900 430950 300 415 310 415 320 415 0 4311000'431050~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~(00(. 431100431150431~00' 43125 Go~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ C3~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ 0. 00 (0 co~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~00( to~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~( Figure 5.3.4-2 Predicted 2010 Noise Isoliine at Nanjiugbinlu (Night) 430i750 430 000 430850 430900 430950 431000 431050 431100 431150 431200 431250 I I 428000 429510 42S000 429500 430000 430500 431000 43 -______ _ 1 g ' _ ~~~>50.O dB > 55.0dB > 60.0 dB > 65.0 dB > 70.0 dB _ > 75.0 dB alIttiY: 1:20000 Figure 53.4-3 Predicted 2020 Noise Isoline at 3rd Ring Road Phase II (Day time) 428000 42o 4290W0 429a0 430000 430500 0 3 __,1 _u-. ._.. 1 _ . _ _ t.__ . . . J . . ______i I I t r r ^ ~~~~~~~~~~- I - ~ - T~~lr-----r-- 42800 42S500 429000 42900 430000 430OO 4S100 431500 > 50.OdB 1 8 z ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~> 55.0 dB > 60.0dB >e65.0 dB -sOjL:-1 - - -_ - - , _ > 70.0dB __ > 75.0 dB R M fi 1: 20000 Figure 5.3.4-4 Predicted 2020 Noise Isoline at 3 rd Ring Road Phase H1 (Night) 42800 42~0M 20 4298= - 4305 4 310DOD 431l0 ____ I I I 2880100 2880200 2880300 2880400 2880500 288060 ** - 2880200 28'8030'0 2880400 28860 288060 vv v vv v v vv vv v Li -, \ r 08CAt N~~~~~~~~~~~;4-4- A~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~A + ti:'~~~J cJ~ v + '*1 - Nt.,~~~~~~~~~~~~~ NI -i~~~~~~~~~~~~r Os a ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~...... -. 0 C Os~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~C 5 <•<;21<~~~~~~~~~~~~~-~~~~ U - --j~~~~~~~~~~~D ty - - -N~~~~~~~t 2810 280 800 H30284800 800 2w004 800 8PO2MO28M 28 I p I *~~~~~~~~~ .111 I' ' * I'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MT Slll, /t a ~~~~~~~1l-. -. dt ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~------!.------a - Flgure 8.31 Propose Alternate- Al.. Church ft~~~~~~~~Fgr 3l\1: Prpoe Aleratv AlignmentsYlnear Fancuanp Church*E'l00X=L I 4 4 I I Pk -7 `41 h, -AMe PRO 4" ava_ qj ; ed" llefiffi*Im'. QIL4 li wam IIIP .,_ afmaR% I T tn.", 'v '4t jmm,v ipiin eN4 5v e". it A Mum IL 0 ,4j- ItIf 40.4. 19, I or 3 ga -man - lb E_ -i 7m om qm XPLMlg -,CZY. 350029 ni oc "t A-rl- J Wui F,- IX 84t m*Ai JU f 6#*Tr.;" eq .44IRM -f J 3 #A L t-I IWA Figure 13.2-1 Euiironmeutal Motiitoring Sites at 3 MPing Road Phase 11 duri]]g Constructioti and Operation I