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UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Professionalizing Service Provision : The Field of Social Work in Urban China Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/388729pv Author Han, Ling Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Professionalizing Service Provision: The Field of Social Work in Urban China A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Sociology by Ling Han Committee in charge: Professor Richard Madsen, Chair Professor Richard Biernacki Professor Kwai Ng Professor Paul Pickowicz Professor Nancy Postero Professor Christena Turner 2015 Copyright Ling Han, 2015 All rights reserved. The Dissertation of Ling Han is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Chair University of California, San Diego 2015 iii DEDICATION For my parents iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page ................................................................................................................... iii Dedication .......................................................................................................................... iv Table of Contents ................................................................................................................ v List of Abbreviations ........................................................................................................ vii List of Figures .................................................................................................................. viii List of Tables ..................................................................................................................... ix Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................. x Vita .................................................................................................................................... xii Abstract of the Dissertation ............................................................................................. xiii Chapter 1 Introduction to the Field of Social Work in Urban China .................................. 1 The Story of a North Drift Social Worker ...................................................................... 3 The Social Work Boom .................................................................................................. 6 Historical Context: Community Service Provision in Contemporary China ................ 10 Governing Social Stability through Reforming Service Provision ............................... 13 The Field of Social Work .............................................................................................. 17 The Case of Beijing Social Work: Data and Methods .................................................. 23 Summary of Findings .................................................................................................... 26 Chapter Overview ......................................................................................................... 28 Chapter 2 Socialist Social Work ....................................................................................... 34 The Genealogy Approach to “Social Work” ................................................................ 36 Contextualizing Discourses of Social Work ................................................................. 38 Periodization of The Meanings of Social Work ........................................................... 42 Pre-PRC Social Reform Work, pre-1949 ...................................................................... 45 Social Work as Home Affairs Work, 1949-1977 .......................................................... 48 Social Work as Civil Affairs Work, 1978-1988 ........................................................... 56 The Absence of “Social Work” Discourse in Public Media, 1989-1999 ...................... 64 Professionalizing Social Work and Community Work, 2000-2005 ............................. 72 Hybrid Identities of Social Work Before 2006 ............................................................. 77 Chapter 3 Let One Hundred Flowers Bloom: State-Led Professional Social Work ......... 80 Social Workers for the Harmonious Socialist Society .................................................. 82 Social Work for Social Management and the People’s Livelihood, 2006-2010 ........... 83 Professional Social Work, 2011-2015 .......................................................................... 90 v The State-led Professionalization of Social Work Post-2006 ....................................... 99 Chapter 4 Centralizing Social Work Agencies ............................................................... 102 The Beijing Model of Social Work Agency Development ......................................... 104 College-Affiliated SWAs and NGO-Affiliated SWAs ............................................... 109 Social Work Agencies in Beijing ................................................................................ 112 Specialized Service through Central Coordination ..................................................... 115 Contingent Professionalization in the University District .......................................... 125 Controlled Development of Social Work Agencies .................................................... 132 Chapter 5 Decentralizing Social Work Agencies ........................................................... 134 Comprehensive Service and Low Institutionalization ................................................ 136 Bounded Diversification to Serve Diversity ............................................................... 145 Diverse Channels of SWA Establishment .................................................................. 146 Chapter Summary ....................................................................................................... 154 Chapter 6 Strangers in the Community: Social Workers, Old Street Bureaucracies, and the Re-organization of Community Life in Urban China ..................................................... 156 Models of Community Practice .................................................................................. 157 The Role of Social Workers in the Community .......................................................... 162 Patterns of Community Interaction ............................................................................. 164 The Case of a Family Alliance .................................................................................... 181 The Case of Happy Community ................................................................................. 185 Potential for Community Change ............................................................................... 187 Chapter 7 Conclusion ...................................................................................................... 190 The Place of Social Work ........................................................................................... 193 Social Work as a Social Service Innovation ............................................................... 195 Isomorphic Pressure To Provide For the State ........................................................... 196 NGOs Incorporating Social Work .............................................................................. 197 Toward a Dynamic Study of State-Society Relations ................................................. 200 References ....................................................................................................................... 202 vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CASW China Association of Social Workers CASWE China Association for Social Work Education CBO Community-Based Organization CCP Chinese Communist Party CPC Communist Party of China CRC Community Resident’s Committee CSR Corporate Social Responsibility HKPU Hong Kong Polytechnic University MOCA Ministry of Civil Affairs MSW Master of Social Work NGO Non-Governmental Organization NPO Nonprofit Organization PKU Peking University PRC People’s Republic of China SOE State-Owned Enterprise SWA Social Work Agency vii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: Number of Schools Offering Baccalaureate Degree in Social Work ............... 9 Figure 1.2: Configuration of the Field of Social Work ..................................................... 18 Figure 2.1: The Distribution of “Social Work” Articles, 1949-2015 ............................... 44 Figure 4.1: Central Coordination .................................................................................... 115 Figure 4.2: Contingent Professionalization ..................................................................... 125 Figure 5.1: Low Institutionalization ............................................................................... 137 Figure 5.2: Bounded Diversification ............................................................................... 145 viii LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1:

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