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Brokeback Mountain N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N Palau de les Arts Reina Sofía. Fundació de la Comunitat Valenciana Autopista del Sa6 197 58 00 Fax (+34) 96 395 22 01 Charles Wuorinen Brokeback Mountain n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n • • • • • • • • Estreno: 28 de enero de 2014 20.00 horas O.J.D.: Fecha: 30/01/2014 E.G.M.: LE MONDE Sección: Páginas: L'amour tragique des cow-boys de « Brokeback Mountain » LE MONDE | 30.01.2014 | Par Marie-Aude Roux (Madrid, envoyée spéciale ) "Brokeback Mountain", mis en scène par Gerard Mortier au Teatro Real de Madrid. Gerard Mortier a-t-il fait de Madrid ce 28 janvier la capitale mondiale de l'opéra comme titré dans El Mundo ? Les « Mortieristas » l'affirment. Il a en tout cas créé l'événement en programmant la création de Brokeback Mountain au Teatro Real, un opéra de Charles Wuorinen sur un livret d'Annie Proulx, d'après la nouvelle éponyme. Une revanche pour l'ex-directeur artistique de l'opéra madrilène mis à pied en septembre 2013 – alors que son mandat courait jusqu'en 2016 – au prétexte qu'il avait désavoué dans la presse les candidats pressentis pour lui succéder, dont l'élu, Joan Matabosch. Le grand directeur d'opéra belge n'a jamais mâché ses mots ni lâché ses idées. S'il conteste que Brokeback Mountain soit un manifeste de la question homosexuelle, il reconnaît un opéra politique à l'heure où le mariage pour tous suscite des houles en France, où la Russie de Poutine promulgue des lois anti-gays. Rappelons que Retour à Brokeback Mountain, le film triplement oscarisé d'Ang Lee, s'était vu interdit en Chine et dans le Golfe. Pas plus que le cinéaste taïwanais n'acceptait le terme de « western gay », Brokeback Mountain n'est un « opéra gay », assure Charles Wuorinen, le compositeur (né en 1938). La menace de mort omniprésente dans toute l'œuvre, bien plus que l'histoire d'amour entre les deux cow-boys, tend à l'opéra moral voire la parabole, l'histoire d'une passion, à tous les sens du terme. C'est en apprenant, en 2008, que Wuorinen voulait écrire Brokeback Mountain que Mortier a décidé de le produire au New York City Opera dont il était alors pressenti directeur avant de démissionner en 2009 et de venir à Madrid. Une rencontre avec les journalistes a été organisée deux heures avant la première le 28 janvier. Quoique très amaigri par le cancer contre lequel il se bat depuis de longs mois, Mortier n'a rien perdu de son charisme légendaire, ni de son humour corrosif. « Ici, on n'est pas à Bayreuth ! a-t-il précisé. Si les gens tapent des pieds, ce n'est pas qu'ils apprécient mais au contraire qu'ils sont à la corrida ! » Il n'y a pas eu de mise à mort à la fin de Brokeback Mountain. UNE MAGISTRALE ABNÉGATION DES ARTISTES La magistrale abnégation des artistes a inspiré le plus profond respect. A commencer par les protagonistes principaux, le baryton-basse Daniel Okulitch (Ennis Del Mar) et le ténor Tom Randle (Jack Twist), en scène d'un bout à l'autre, défendant une vocalité aussi inhospitalière et escarpée que les paysages du Wyoming diffusés en vidéo dans la mise en scène d'Ivo van Hove, une réussite à la scénographie astucieuse (le vis-à-vis scénique des deux hommes au sein de leurs familles respectives) assortie d'une direction d'acteurs millimétrée. Beaucoup de choses diffèrent entre les adaptations du film et de l'opéra. Les deux épouses ont quitté leurs archétypes féminins. L'une revendique âprement son droit au rêve américain (magnifique Heather Buck en Alma, la femme d'Ennis) ; l'autre, celui d'être une femme sexuellement comblée (émouvante Hannah Esther Minutillo en Lureen, la femme de Jack). Mais la montagne a complètement changé de rôle. Métaphorique de l'amour des deux cow-boys, avec ses beaux paysages lyriques, elle est devenue un lieu métaphysique, emblématique de l'enfer social des deux parias, que poursuit une meute de justiciers en noir – les hommes d'Aguirre, puis du père de Lureen, réapparu d'outre- tombe pour venger sa fille. Revenu à Brokeback après la mort de Jack, Ennis viendra clamer sur ce Golgotha sa culpabilité et son amour. Là est peut-être l'écueil. Ce que les images d'Ang Lee ne faisaient qu'effleurer est ici mis en musique avec une ostentation quasi minérale. La musique atonale et postsérielle de Charles Wuorinen, à fuir toute tentation sentimentale ou romantisme à la Puccini (compositeur détesté par Mortier) se targue d'atteindre à la puissance tragique et universelle d'un Tristan et Isolde. Elle oublie que Wagner ne perd jamais de vue l'expression. Brokeback Mountain est un exercice de style redoutable : une orchestration à l'expressionnisme savant (remarquablement dirigée par Titus Engel), une architecture élaborée dont la ligne vocale ne porte ni chair et sentiment mais une mystique accusatrice. Ainsi la visite d'Ennis aux parents de Jack : la mère aux allures de Mater dolorosa tendant la chemise ensanglantée, devenue Saint-Saire. Jack saint et martyr. Il ne restera à Ennis O.J.D.: Fecha: 30/01/2014 E.G.M.: LE MONDE Sección: Páginas: – à la fois Judas et meurtrier – qu'à chanter son propre Sermon sur la montagne, messie prêchant l'acceptation des autres et le droit de tous à s'aimer. Brokeback Mountain, de Charles Wuorinen. Avec Daniel Okulitch, Tom Randle, Heather Buck, Hannah Esther Minutillo, Ethan Herschenfeld, Ivo van Hove (mise en scène), Jan Versweyveld (scénographie et lumières), Wojciech Dziedzic (costumes), Tal Yarden (vidéo), Chœur et Orchestre du Théâtre Royal de Madrid, Titus Engel (direction). Theâtre Royal de Madrid (Espagne), Jusqu'au 11 février. Tél. : 00-34-91-516-06-60. De 10 € à 381 €. teatro-real.com O.J.D.: Fecha: 30/01/2014 E.G.M.: LIBÉRATION Sección: Páginas: «Brokeback Mountain» chic et toc ERIC DAHAN ENVOYÉ SPÉCIAL À MADRID 30 JANVIER 2014 À 17:36 FACEBOOK TW ITTER GOOGLE+ MAIL IMPRIMER MODE ZEN Ce «Brokeback Mountain» sombre dans les pires travers du théâtre bourgeois, politiquement et esthétiquement correct. (Photo Paul Hanna. Reuters) LYRIQUE Création mondiale ratée de l’opéra de Charles Wuorinen, à Madrid. Une note de piano amplifiée, prolongée par un tuba puis des cordes, un fond de scène qui s’anime d’images filmées du Wyoming : on est bien à Brokeback Mountain, théâtre des amours contrariées de Jack Twist et Ennis Del Mar. Imaginés par la romancière américaine Annie Proulx, ces deux cow-boys nés trop tôt dans un trou O.J.D.: Fecha: 30/01/2014 E.G.M.: LIBÉRATION Sección: Páginas: perdu où l’on tue les homosexuels sont devenus encore plus célèbres en 2005 avec le film d’Ang Lee, récompensé par le Lion d’or à la Mostra de Venise et trois oscars à Hollywood. Depuis quarante-huit heures, Brokeback Mountain, dévoilé au Teatro Real de Madrid, est aussi un opéra du compositeur new-yorkais Charles Wuorinen. Annie Proulx en a écrit le livret pour le meilleur et le pire. A quelques ellipses près, on retrouve nombre de scènes de la nouvelle et du film, ingénieusement transposées sur le plateau du Teatro Real par Ivo van Hove. Mais de lourdes tirades explicatives pallient désormais l’absence du style indirect de la littérature et des gros plans du cinéma. Parmi les conséquences de cette dramatisation verbeuse, les héros masculins finissent par être écrasés par leurs épouses respectives, Alma et Lureen, superbement interprétées par Heather Buck et Hannah Esther Minutillo. La musique globalement atonale et strictement organisée de Charles Wuorinen témoigne d’une folle virtuosité dans le contrôle des paramètres (timbres, rythmes, dynamiques et hauteurs). Mais, à moduler en permanence et à souligner chaque respiration des personnages, elle sonne paradoxalement factice, jusque dans ses élans lyriques ; ce qui, à l’opéra, genre populaire par excellence, est un comble. Manifeste politique ? Tragédie de la différence ? Ce Brokeback Mountain sombre surtout dans les pires travers du théâtre bourgeois, politiquement et esthétiquement correct. Le baryton basse Daniel Okulitch et le ténor Tom ont beau être nus dans le même lit, s’embrasser à pleine bouche, et chanter comme des dieux, on ne croit pas une seule seconde à leur passion ou à leur malheur. Wuorinen revendique d’avoir évacué tout sentimentalisme de son opéra, alors qu’il en est inondé : l’interminable monologue final d’Ennis déclarant sa flamme à Jack, qui n’est plus là pour l’entendre, non seulement n’émeut pas, mais sombre dans le kitsch le plus risible et grossier. On est pour le coup aux antipodes stylistiques du mélo subtil et économe d’Ang Lee. Peut-être que Gérard Mortier, directeur artistique du Teatro Real de Madrid, n’aurait pas dû se précipiter sur son téléphone lorsqu’il lut en 2008 dans leNew York Times que Charles Wuorinen voulait faire de Brokeback Mountain un opéra. Le langage de Berg et Schoenberg, s’il a fait ses preuves, il y a un siècle, pour traduire la folie et la course à l’abîme de personnages issus de la littérature expressionniste, semble bien artificiellement plaqué sur cette histoire. Eric DAHAN Envoyé spécial à Madrid Brokeback Mountain de Charles Wuorinen Teatro Real de Madrid. Jusqu’au 11 février. Diffusion en direct sur Arte Live Web et Medici TV le 7 février à 20 heures. -- AVISO LEGAL -- FINANCIAL TIMES THURSDAY JANUARY 30 2014 ★ 11 ARTS There’s subtlety behind the slogans Photographer Carrie Mae Weems’s ‘Kitchen Table Series’ epitomises her knack for blending confessional ferocity and clinical coolness VISUAL ARTS who chronicled America during the Carrie Mae Weems: Civil Rights movement and Vietnam, buying into atavistic fears of Three Decades of miscegenation, or is he mocking Photography and Video them? Is this a racist photo or a Guggenheim, New York protest against bigotry? Weems adds an extra tangle in the superimposed Ariella Budick caption, which announces that “some laughed long & hard & loud”.
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