University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Spring 1980 CLASSIFICATION AND PHYLOGENY IN THE SUBORDER EUPLOTINA (CILIOPHORA, HYPOTRICHIDA) BRUCE FLEMING HILL Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation HILL, BRUCE FLEMING, "CLASSIFICATION AND PHYLOGENY IN THE SUBORDER EUPLOTINA (CILIOPHORA, HYPOTRICHIDA)" (1980). Doctoral Dissertations. 1251. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/1251 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. 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Ml 48106 18 BEDFORD ROW. LONDON WC1R 4EJ, ENGLAND 8027791 H il l , B r u c e F l e m in g CLASSIFICATION AND PHYLOGENY IN THE SUBORDER EUPLOTINA (CILIOPHORA, HYPOTRICH IDA) University o f New Hampshire Ph.D. 1980 University Microfilms International300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor. MI 48106 PLEASE NOTE: In all cases this material has been filmed in the best possible way from the available copy. Problans encountered with this document have been identified here with a check mark 1. Glossy photographs 2. Colored illustrations________ 3. Photographs with dark background tX 4. Illustrations are poor copy ________ 5. °rint shows through as there is text on both sides of page_______ 6. Indistinct, broken or small print on several pages 7. Tightly bound copy with print lost in spine ______ 8. Computer printout pages with indistinct print________ 9. Page(s) _____ lacking when material received, and not available from school or author 10. Page(s) ________ seem to be missing in numbering only as text follows 11. Poor carbon copy ________ 12. Not original copy, several pages with blurred type_______ 13. Appendix pages are poor copy ________ 14. Original copy with light type _________ 15. Curling and wrinkled pages_________ 16. Other ____ _________________________________________ University Microhms Intermrional 300 N ZE = = RO.. ANN AR30R Ml ^8106 '3131 761 -4700 CLASSIFICATION AND PHYLOGENY IN THE SUBORDER EUPLOTINA (CILIOPHORA, HYPOTRICHIDA) BY BRUCE F. HILL B. A ., The George Washington University, 1968 M. S., The George Washington University, 1973 A THESIS Submitted to the University of New Hampshire in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy May, 1980 This thesis has been examined and approved. ______________ Th^si^Birecfor, Arthur Borror, Professor of )ology, University of New Hampshire Edward K. Tillinghast, Associate Professor of Zoology, University of New Hampshire Charles W. Walker, Assistant Professor of Zoology, University of New Hampshire Gary W.yGHmes, Associate Professor of Biology, Hofstra University Thofnas/A N. Wight, Assoctfhte Professor of Pathology, University oivWashington / Mm /ffo Date 1 To My P aren ts I wish to express my deep appreciation to Dr. Arthur C. Borror, Department of Zoology, University of New Hampshire, for his inspir­ ation and guidance throughout this study and his assistance and encouragement in the preparation of the manuscript. I would also like to thank the members of my advisory committee for their continuing assistance and many helpful suggestions during the course of my research program. I am also indebted to Melissa B. Seawards for her excellent artistic work on many of the illustrations. In addition, I would like to thank the staff of the Jackson Estuarine Laboratory, University of New Hampshire and, in particular, Dr. Arthur C. Mathieson for the use of these facilities and equipment. Financial support for this study has been provided from two research grants: CURF S100, from the Central University Research Fund of the University of New Hampshire and the Leslie S. & Iola Hubbard Marine Research Fund through a grant to the University of New Hampshire. For these grants, I am most grateful. To my wife, Marsha, for her overall enthusiasm, constant encouragement and valuable assistance throughout the entire period of the study and during the typing of the manuscript. TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.................................................................. 1V TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................... v LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS..................................................... vii ABSTRACT...................................................................................... ix I. INTRODUCTION.......................................................................... 1 II. MATERIAL AND METHODS ................................................. 9 1. Collection Data 2. Fixation and Staining Techniques III. MORPHOGENESIS OF CELL DIVISION.................................. 20 1. Euplotes 2. A spidisca 3. Diophrys 4. Euplotaspis 5. Uronychia IV. OTHER MORPHOGENETIC PROCESSES............................... 95 1. Conjugation 2. Excystment 3. Reorganization V. DISCUSSION - SPECIFIC............................................................... 104 1. Euplotes 2. Aspidisca 3. Diophrys 4. Euplotaspis 5. Uronychia VI. DISCUSSION - GENERAL....................................................................130 VII. SUMMARY............................................................................................... 146 v VIII. APPENDIX 1 ................................................................................ 151 IX. APPENDIX I I .................................................. 156 X. LITERATURE CITED ............................................................... 163 vi LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS I. BEEM capsule chamber for critical point d ry in g...................19 II. Diagram of Euplotes cortical structures and features . 56 HI. D iagram of Euplotes division s t a g e............................................ s 58 IV. Photomicrographs of Euplotes division.........................................60 V. Photomicrographs of Euplotes division.........................................62 VI. Diagram of Aspidisca cortical structures and features....................................................................................... 64 VII. Diagram of Aspidisca division sta g e......................................... s 66 VIII. Photomicrographs of Aspidisca division.....................................68 IX. Diagram of Diophrys cortical structures and features........................................... 70 X. Diagram of Diophrys division stages............................................72 XI. Scanning electron micrographs of Diophrys division . 74 XII. Scanning electron micrographs and photomicrographs of Diophrys division........................................................................ 76 XIII. Photomicrographs of Diophrys division.....................................78 XIV. Diagram of Euplotaspis cortical structures and features....................................................................................... 80 XV. Diagram of Euplotaspis division....................................................82 XVI. Photomicrographs of Euplotaspis division................................. 84 XVH. Diagram of Ur onychia cortical structures and features....................................................................................... 86 XVni. Diagram of Ur onychia division....................................................... 88 vii XIX. Scanning electron micrographs of Uronychia cortical structures and features........................................ 90 XX„ Scanning