A Very Fine Royal Navy Captain's O.B.E. and Gold Russian Order of St Stanislas, 2Nd Class for the Battle of Jutland, to the N
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A VERY FINE ROYAL NAVY CAPTAIN’S O.B.E. AND GOLD RUSSIAN ORDER OF ST STANISLAS, 2ND CLASS FOR THE BATTLE OF JUTLAND, TO THE NAVIGATION COMMANDER OF H.M.S. BARNHAM, FLAGSHIP OF THE 5TH BATTLE SQUADRON, A SHIP THAT WAS IN THE THICK OF THE ACTION. LATER SECONDED TO THE ROYAL CANADIAN NAVY THE MOST EXCELLENT ORDER OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE, C.B.E. (MILITARY) COMMANDER’S 1ST TYPE NECK BADGE, SILVER-GILT AND ENAMEL, SHORT RIBBON, 1914/15 STAR ‘COMMR. H. G. H. ADAMS, R.N.’, BRITISH WAR AND VICTORY MEDALS ‘CAPT. H. G. H. ADAMS, R.N.’, RUSSIAN ORDER OF ST STANISLAS, 2ND CLASS NECK BADGE WITH SWORDS, BY DIMITRI OSIPOV, ST. PETERSBURG, Gold and enamel, with maker’s mark on reverse, 56 (zolotniki) and kokoshnik mark on eyelet, along with Assayers mark; ‘AP’ for Alexander Romanov of St. Petersburg and clear 1896-1908 kokoshnik mark on hilts of swords, eyelet and suspension ring, with short neck cravat. Captain Henry George Homer Adams, C.B.E., R.N. was born on 10 April 1879 in Lancaster, the son of the Reverend C.E. Adams. Adams entered the Royal Navy on 15 July 1893 as a Naval Cadet HMS Britannia, gaining an extra nine months time on passing out of H.M.S. Britannia. Serving as a Midshipman aboard H.M.S. Empress of India from 15 September 1895 and H.M.S. Cordelia from 12 November 1895, the crew from this ship helped subdue riots on St. Kitts and Nevis that broke out during the 1896 harvest season of the sugar cane. Joining H.M.S Resolution in January 1899 and H.M.S. Terrible in March, he was promoted Sub Lieutenant on 15 April 1899. Service aboard H.M.S. Collingwood and Jackal followed, with Adams being promoted Lieutenant, 30 June 1901. Over the next seven years, he served aboard H.M.S. Cruizer, Hazard, Mercury and Dido, having passed in Pilotage for 1st Class Ships (2nd class certificate) in 1905. He joined H.M.S. Natal on 5 March 1907, being on 8 April 1910 admitted to Chatham Hospital due to a Fractured Rib Caused by the breaking of a coaling derrick. A court of inquiry found that this was due to an error of judgment on Lieutenant Adams part. On 24 September 1910, Adams joined H.M.S. Dryad, the Royal Naval Navigation and Direction School at Portsmouth. Served as an Instructor on the Staff of the Navigation School and a year later joined H.M.S. Good Hope, followed by H.M.S. Bacchante and H.M.S. Shannon. Adams joined H.M.S. Russell on 19 December 1913 and was promoted Commander 31 on December 1913. ADAMS EARLY GREAT WAR SERVICE H.M.S. Russell was a Duncan class Battleship, which at the time of Adams joining, was serving as Flagship, 6th Battle Squadron, and Flagship, Rear Admiral, Home Fleet, at the Nore. At the outbreak of the Great War, Russell was transferred to the Channel Fleet to reinforce that fleet in the face of German Navy activity in the Channel Fleet's area. She became flagship of the 6th Battle Squadron on 14 November 1914. This squadron was given a mission of bombarding German submarine bases on the coast of Belgium and was based at Portland, although it transferred to Dover immediately on 14 November 1914. However, due to a lack of antisubmarine defences at Dover, the squadron returned to Portland on November 19th. Russell participated in the bombardment of German submarine facilities at Zeebrugge on 23 November 1914. H.M.S. BARNHAM DURING U-BOAT ATTACK The Squadron then returned to Dover in December and transferred to Sheerness on 30th to relieve the 5th Battle Squadron in guarding against a German invasion of the United Kingdom. Between January and May 1915, the 6th Battle Squadron was dispersed. Russell left the squadron in April 1915 and rejoined the 3rd Battle Squadron in the Grand Fleet a Rosyth. The Captain of H.M.S .Russell; William Bowden-Smith entered the following comments on Adams service record; ‘A very good navigator has Shown great zeal and attitude in making himself acquainted with the pilotage of the Belgian coast. Showed marked ability when navigation was difficult during the bombardment of Zeebrugge. Also showed coolness and promptitude when in charge of the bridge when Russell was attacked by submarines. He is a thoroughly trustworthy Pilot’ On 1 July 1915 Adams joined H.M.S. Barham as Navigating Officer. H.M.S. Barnham, a Queen Elizabeth Class Battleship which was Commissioned at Clydebank on 19 August 1915 and joined 5th battle Squadron as Flagship, arriving at Scapa on 2 October 1915. On 31 May 1916, Barnham took part in the battle of Jutland, where she was the flagship of Rear-Admiral H. Evans-Thomas. During the battle, in which she was heavily engaged, coming under heavy German fire and herself engaging Von Scheer’s battlecruisers . During the battle, Barnham was hit by six large shells, suffering 26 dead and 37 wounded during, she fired 337 rounds and received 6 hits. For his service during the battle, Commander Adams was awarded the Russian Order of “St. Stanislas 2nd. Class with Swords; Edinburgh Gazette 8 June 1917. Promoted Captain on 30th June 1918, on leaving Barnham, on 24 September 1918, Capitan H. T. Buller Secretary to 2nd Sea Lord stated about Captain Adams; ‘Extremely able and reliable. Will do well in command of a light Cruiser’ and gain on 1 October he adds; ‘Exceptional Navigator a most skilful pilot and a very good executive officer’ CAPTAIN ADAMS AND SHIPS CREW FURTHER DETAILS OF H.M.S. BARNHAM’S WARTIME SERVICE AT THE BATTLE OF JUTLAND ‘In an attempt to lure out and destroy a portion of the Grand Fleet, the High Seas Fleet, composed of 16 dreadnoughts, 6 pre dreadnoughts, 6 light cruisers, and 31 torpeado boats, departed the Jade early on the morning of 31 May. The fleet sailed in concert with Rear Admiral Von Hipper’s five battlecruisers and supporting cruisers and torpedo boats. The Royal Navy's Room 40 had intercepted and decrypted German radio traffic containing plans of the operation. In response the Admiralty ordered the Grand Fleet, totalling some 28 dreadnoughts and 9 battlecruisers, to sortie the night before to cut off and destroy the High Seas Fleet. Barham slipped her mooring at 22:08 and was followed by the rest of Beatty's ships. When dawn broke Beatty ordered his forces into cruising formation with the 5th Battle Squadron trailing his battle cruisers by five nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi). At 14:15, Beatty ordered a turn North by East to rendezvous with the Grand Fleet. Shortly before the turn, one of his escorting light cruisers, Galatea spotted smoke on the horizon and continued on her course to investigate. Ten minutes later, the ship radioed "Two cruisers, probably hostile, in sight..." They were actually two German destroyers that had stopped to check a Danish merchant ship's papers. At 14:32, Beatty ordered a course change to south-southeast in response to the spot report. Barham's signallers were unable to read the signal and her Officer of the Watch presumed that it was the expected point zigzag to the left of the base course and signalled that course change to the rest of the squadron. After several minutes it became apparent that the squadron was not conforming to Beatty's other ships, but Evan-Thomas refused to change course until clear instructions had been received despite entreaties from the Barham's Captain.While the exact time when Evan-Thomas ordered his ships to turn to follow Beatty is not known, the consensus is that it was about seven minutes later, which increased his distance from Beatty to nothing less than ten nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi). Hipper's battlecruisers spotted the Battlecruiser Fleet to their west at 15:20, but Beatty's ships did not see the Germans to their east until 15:30. Two minutes later, Beatty ordered a course change to east-southeast, positioning the British ships to cut off the German's line of retreat, and signalled action stations. Hipper ordered his ships to turn to starboard, away from the British, to assume a south-easterly course, and reduced speed to 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph) to allow three light cruisers of the 2nd Scouting Group to catch up. With this turn, Hipper was falling back on the High Seas Fleet, 60 miles (97 km) behind him. Beatty then altered course to the east, as he was still too far north to cut Hipper off. This was later characterised as the "Run to the South" as Beatty changed course to steer east-southeast at 15:45, now paralleling Hipper's course less than 18,000 yards (16,000 m) away. By this time the 5th Battle Squadron was about seven point five nautical miles (13.9 km; 8.6 mi) northwest of Beatty. The Germans opened fire first at 15:48, followed by the British battlecruisers. The light cruisers of the 2nd Scouting Group were the first German ships visible to Evan- Thomas's ships and Barham opened fire on them at 15:58 until the cruisers disappeared into their own smoke screen at around 16:05. About three minutes later, the ship opened fire on the battlecruiser S.M.S. Von der Tann at a range of about 23,000 yards (21,000 m). A minute later she scored one hit on the German ship's stern before she was ordered to switch targets to the battlecruise S.M.S.