The Bavarian Alps

Home , Astrantia bavarica, Astrantia major, Cephalanthera longifolia, Luzula sylvatica

The Bavarian Alps

Naturetrek Tour Report 2 - 9 June 2013

Soldanella alpina, Alpine Snowbell by Dawn Nelson 2013 Naturetrek Group at the Hotel by Dawn Nelson

Cypripedium calceolus by Ingrid Patmore Obersee by Ingrid Patmore

Report compiled by Andy Patmore & Dawn Nelson Images by Ingrid Patmore & Dawn Nelson

Naturetrek Cheriton Mill Cheriton Alresford Hampshire SO24 0NG England T: +44 (0)1962 733051 F: +44 (0)1962 736426 E: [email protected] W: www.naturetrek.co.uk

Tour Report The Bavarian Alps

Tour Leader: Andy Patmore Naturetrek General Naturalist Ingrid Patmore Naturetrek General Naturalist Dawn Nelson Naturetrek Botanist

Participants: Keith Sunley Mary Sunley Claire Phillips John Dickens Chris Woolston Julia Woolston Dave Chadbone Julie Chadbone Brenda Harold Dawn Pitts Ralph Alford Peter Simpson Jane Simpson Robert Bailey Ann Tylisczuk

Day 1 Sunday 2nd June

Weather: 8 degrees C - Still, Persistent Rain all day Dawn met up with most of the group at Gatwick. Ralph was driving to Bischofswiesen and was caught up in traffic due to flooding, and stayed in Rosenheim for the night. We were greeted at arrivals, by Andy and Ingrid who had collected the minibuses before-hand. We were soon loaded up and away. It was a short half hour journey from Salzburg to our hotel in the woods and meadows above Bischofswiesen. After some time to settle in and an early meal we set off to explore the local woods even though it was still raining. Our first orchids Neottia ovata (Twayblade), and a fine example of Neottia nidus-avis (Bird’s-nest Orchid) was spotted by Chris, and the first of many Cephalanthera longifolia (Sword-leaved Helleborine) were seen; just before we crossed the meadow Dave found some flowering Maianthemum bifolium (May Lily), this diminutive plant was to delight us on most days of the tour. The only notable bird for the evening was a female Phoenicurus ochruros (Black Redstart) waiting to feed her youngsters up in the eaves of the hotel porch.

Day 2 Monday 3rd June

Weather: 9 degrees C Still, low grey cloud, light rain mid pm Due to the weather over the weekend, the road/path closures etc we had to change our plans. The best alternative was to take a stroll through the local ancient woods and hay meadows on the Silberg Mountain up to the Goetschen Skiing area.

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

It was within minutes that the birders and botanists found the pace that suited their interests; and not long before most of us got a good view of Parus Cristatus (Crested Tit) and Robert drew attention to the distinctive call of Picus canus (Grey-headed Woodpecker), but even with seven or eight pairs of eyes searching the trees no-one got to see it. We found three species of Polygonatum; P. multiflora (Solomon’s Seal), P. odoratum (Angular Solomon’s Seal) and P. verticillatum (Whorled Solomon’s Seal) all growing nearby for easy comparison. Chris spotted Trollius europaeus (Globeflower) and Jane and Peter drew our attention to a patch of Paris quadrifolia (Herb Paris) some of which were in flower.

Ralph managed to wind his way through umpteen road diversions and joined us mid-morning on our walk, after arriving at the hotel safe and sound. In the colourful meadows Dawn Pitts noticed an abundance of Campanula patula (Spreading Bellflower) and Plantago media (Hoary Plantain) which is a simple, but very attractive plant. The first of many Gentiana clusii (Clusius’s Gentian) and Primula farinosa (Bird’s eye Primrose) were admired. We also saw Biscutela laevigata (Buckler Mustard) which impressively, Ralf was able to indentify to specific level, in Latin, at just a glance.

By lunchtime we had regrouped at a small Gasthof near the ski slopes and while we were refreshed by hot chocolate and coffee we all got a splendid view of a Cuculus canorus (Cuckoo), first seen by Ann, which sat on a fence post long enough for the whole group to see through the spotting scope.

En-route back to the hotel we experienced some light rain which did not however deter us. We added between us Convallaria majalis (Lily-of-the-valley), Dactylorhiza majalis (Broad-leaved Marsh Orchid) and Dactylorhiza fuchsii (Common Spotted Orchid). We lifted the shining kidney shaped leaves of Asarum europeaum (Asarabacca) to find its strange, ground level flowers hiding below. Some of the more notable grasses including Briza minor (Annual Quaking Grass) and Melicia nutans (Mountain Melick) were admired, Brenda alerted us to Persicaria vivipara (Alpine Bistort) and John noticed the beautiful pink flowers of Rosa pendulina (Alpine Rose). Also recorded were Loxia curvirostra (Crossbill) and Dendrocopos major (Great Spotted Woodpecker) and a family of Sitta europea (Nuthatch). After returning to our hotel we had time to freshen up before going across the valley to the Kastensteinerwand Gasthof for our traditional Bavarian style evening meal.

Day 3 Tuesday 4th June

Weather: 14 degrees C - Still, low grey cloud lifting and brightening by late pm This morning we headed down to Schonau in order to take a boat trip on the Konigssee (King’s Lake). This beautiful crystal clear, fjord-like lake is surrounded by cliffs and forested slopes towering at least 1000m above the banks, making it a popular tourist attraction. To beat the crowds we set off early on one of the first boats to Saint Bartholoma, after being treated to an echo harmonising the trumpet being played by the boatmaster. Here we divided into two groups, one going with Andy to look for birds and to walk a circular route, the other with Ingrid and Dawn who walked along the lakeside seeing hundreds of orchids comprising ten species, most stunning of all were the huge quantities of Cypridium calceolus (Lady’s Slipper Orchid), Ophrys insectifera (Fly Orchid) and Dactylorhiza majalis (Broad-leaved Marsh Orchid) all in abundant flower as well as a few Gymnadenia odoratissima (Fragrant Orchid) and Platanthera bifolia (Lesser Butterfly Orchid) in bud. All these were surrounded by carpets of Globularia cordifolia (Matted Globularia) and the occasional Tolfieldia calyculata (Tolfield’s Asphodel).

2 © Naturetrek July 13

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

The other group spent most of their time watching three Rupicapra rupricapra (Chamois) on a distant rocky crag, the challenge then was to find some closer, but the scanning only produced Vulpes vulpes (Red Fox) spotted by Chris. The time passed so quickly that the botanists, for a change, hurried the birders back to the dock, making sure all the Orchids had been appreciated by everyone along the way.

Next we caught another boat on to Obersee (Upper lake) and after our picnic divided again into two groups. Andy took the larger group straight to the Obersee, and beyond. Dawn and Ingrid stayed with the botanists and surveyed the sheltered valley between the two lakes, meeting up again with the others at the stunningly beautiful Obersee lakeside. Interesting plants seen this afternoon were Veratrum album (White False Helleborine), the only one in flower we saw; although the large clumps pleated leaves were in abundance in many places at higher altitudes. Dainty white Moehringia muscosa (Mossy Sandwort) and ice blue flowers Lunaria redivida (Perennial Honesty) were also admired. Birds added were Muscicapa striata (Spotted Flycatcher) and Motacilla cinerea (Grey Wagtail) among others. Julie spotted a Marmotta marmotta (Alpine Marmot). We all regrouped in time for the return boat after watching Pytonoprogne rupestris (Crag Martin) swooping along just above the lake.

Day 4 Wednesday 5th June

Weather: 20 degrees C - Slight breeze, long sunny periods from late am Today we went sightseeing. First stop was Hellbrunn Palace Gardens. Here we saw some wonderful trees including Liriodendron tulipifera (Tulip Tree) and Metasquoia glyptostroboides (Dawn Redwood) in the gardens and some magnificent fish including Common Carp, Mirror Carp, and Sturgeon in the ornamental ponds. Dawn Pitts and Julia spotted a Sciuris vulgaris (Red Squirrel), but the rest of the group had moved on.

From here we went to Salzburg city centre by bus. After only 15 minutes we alighted at the Mirabell Palace and admired the gardens and steps used as a back drop in the film ‘The Sound of Music’. Ingrid gave us a whistle stop tour of the historical and architectural highlights, pointing out Mozart’s house and birth place as well as the Cathedral, St Peter’s Square and Gasthof, the huge medieval Fortress and for good measure the smallest house in Salzburg.

This year the whole group, bar one, decided to play ‘follow my leaders’ and went with them up onto the cliff path above the City. A handful of plants (31!) were added to our list today, notably large quantities of Campanula rotundifolia (Harebell), Hieracium alpinum (Alpine Hawkweed) and delicate Aspleniums (Ferns) of several kinds on some of the city walls. The birders added Ciconia ciconia (White Stork) and Gyps fulvus (Griffon Vulture). Andy was quick to point out that these two species were feral, free to come and go from Salzburg Zoo! Although the Vultures are more of a long-term release programme, living wild and breeding on the near-by Untersberg Mountain Range.

We returned to Hellbrunn Palace in plenty of time to walk back through the gardens and to Claire’s delight (as she did not see it in the morning) the whole group saw a very dark Red Squirrel out on a lawn for several minutes. We were soon all aboard the mini-buses (cunningly parked in the afternoon shade) and back at the hotel within the half hour and ready for another delicious meal; followed by the evening lists and a convivial chat, or owl hunting excursion depending on one’s preference.

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

Day 5 Thursday 6th June

Weather:18 degrees C (colder higher up), still, sunny periods, thunder clouds building mid pm Today we decided to make the most of the clear, sunny weather and go up to Hitler’s Eagle’s Nest. We drove to the car park, part way up, and then took the Kehlstein Mountain bus to the access tunnel entrance. From here we passed through the 124m long tunnel into the middle of the mountain and then up another 124 m in the Brass art-deco lift into the heart of the Eagle’s Nest (1843m). After a brief look around the building we ventured out to see the views, flora and fauna. There were still large patches of snow, so here we were in true alpine territory, seeing newly opened flowers of Petasites hybridus (Butterbur), as well as leaves of Alchemilla alpina (Alpine Lady’s-mantle) and Achillea clavennae (Silvery Millfoil). Despite only seeing its white felted leaves, we were happy to tick off Leontopodium alpinum (Edelweiss). Far prettier however were abundant flowers of Soldanella alpina (Alpine Snowbell), Primula elatior (Oxlip) and Ranunculus alpestris (Alpine Buttercup). A special treat supplied by the very late spring, was that we were able to see Seslaria caerulea (Blue Moor-grass) actually looking blue. We had good prolonged nearby views of a male Turdus torquatus (Ring Ouzel) and Prunella collaris (Alpine Accentor) and real close ups of Pyrrhocorax graculas (Alpine Chough).

In the afternoon we drove the scenic route round the Rossfeld (1600m) toll road, stopping for lunch at the highest point on the German-Austrian border. Then we set off to explore an alpine meadow and finish at an Alpine Gasthof for late afternoon refreshments. En-route to the Gasthof we all saw Aquilla chrysaetos (Golden Eagle) and Anthus trivialis (Tree Pipit) and huge quantities of Gentiana bavarica (Bavarian Gentian), Gentiana verna (Spring Gentian). Dawn showed us the salient differences between the two species, but whether we were interested in these finer details or not, we all enjoyed the show they made amongst swathes of other beautiful meadow flowers. We also recorded some Viola palustris (Marsh Violet), which had been spotted by Julia. At the Gasthof while enjoying a coffee and germknodel (plum dumpling) most of us were lucky enough to see a male Dryocopus Martius (Black Woodpecker), but we all heard it calling. Andy and Mary were too busy looking at a Motacilla alba (White Wagtail) sitting on the thunderbox roof by a nearby log cabin.

On the drive down through the meadows many eyes were drawn to a young Bavarian woman, first seen by Keith, turning the cut hay with a rake wearing only a swimming costume - so only a few noticed a yearling male Capreolus capreolus (Roe Deer) in the opposite meadow! On returning to the hotel, eagle-eyed Ann spotted a family of Vulpes vulpes (Red Fox) enjoying the late afternoon sunshine on the edge of the hotel grounds.

Day 6 Friday 7th June

We loaded up and drove the 20 minutes to the car park for the Jenner Mountain cable car. Even before we had left the mountain top station Robert spied four Rupicapra rupicapra (Chamois) grazing on a nearby grassy knoll. The clean, cool alpine air smelt wonderful as we took the short hike up to the view point (1874m). From here we could see the breath taking scenery of the Berchtesgaden National Park. Andy set up the spotting scope and found more Chamois but had no luck in locating Capra ibex (Alpine Ibex), much to his disappointment. A flushed male Tetrao tetrix (Black Grouse) which rocketed up from the path-side made up for it later. It was not long before Andy, Ann and Claire saw another gliding by on down turned wings.

4 © Naturetrek July 13

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

The most notable plants up at the top were Silene acaulis (Moss Campion) and Primula auricula (Auricula) growing in rocky crags, and Pulsatilla alpina (Alpine Pasque Flower) in the meadow areas below the path. We then headed off towards the Gasthof where we regrouped for lunch. The hillsides were again awash with Gentians, but we also noted Plantago atrata (Dark Plantain) and Globularia nudicaulis (Leafless-stemmed Globularia). There were still large patches of snow, slowly melting, on the edge of which we found a few flowers of Crocus albiflorus (White Crocus). We took the forest road down, just in case the smaller, less used path had been damaged by rain the previous week. We found a reddish form of Helleborus niger (Christmas Rose) and lots of Stachys alpina (Limestone woundwort) in flower as well as an intriguing member of the Lily family Streptopus amplexifolius (Streptopus). We descended down through open Larix decidua (European Larch) forest into a darker forest dominated by towering Abies alba (Silver Fir) and Picea abies (Norway Spruce) some of them over 250 yrs old. Ingrid and Peter got a glimpse of a Nucifraga caryocatactes (Spotted Nutcracker) sitting on top of a Picea abies (Norway Spruce) uttering the distinctive rasping call.

We moved on to the Konigsbach Alm (alpine grazing meadow), and had some good views of the ever watchful Marmotta marmotta (Alpine Marmots). Our route was lined with Orchis mascula (Early Purple Orchid) and the local very frilly variant, Orchis ovalis, (another Early Purple Orchid) these purples and pinks were beautifully set off by yellow flowers Potentilla aurea (Golden Cinquefoil), Anthyllis vulneraria (Horseshoe Vetch) and Hippocrepis comosa (Kidney Vetch).

Day 7 Saturday 8th June

Weather: 24 degrees C Still, long sunny periods, hot in pm Today we had a short drive to the Hintersee Lake. The hiker’s bus took us up to Hirschbichl Pass (1180m) at the top of the valley and from there we walked back 5 miles, down through the Klausbachtal Valley. We studied a wide range of species including tall and showy Ranunculus aconitifolius (Aconite-leaved Buttercup) and the cheeky little faces of Viola biflora (Yellow Wood Violet) peeping out of shady corners. A short way down the track we found a bush of Sambucus racemosa (Red-berried Elder) in flower. Further on Dryas octopetala (Mountain Avens) and Gentiana clusii (Clusius’s Gentian) made a wonderful display. Some of the group had gone ahead and we all met up again at the suspension bridge, where we had our picnic lunch in the warm sunshine (or shade). We searched the skies for a Golden Eagle but we were not lucky enough today. We set off to see masses of Cypridium calceolus (Lady’s Slipper Orchid) again, sadly for the last time.

Most of us had a wonderful view of Cinclus cinclus (Dipper) feeding fledgings along the river. At last the weather had brought out the Butterflies which had been noticeable by their absence. We recorded amongst many others Leptidea sinapsis (Wood White), Nymphalis antiopa (Camberwell Beauty), Parage aegeria (Speckled Wood) and Argynnis paphia (Silver-washed Fritillary). After the stroll down the valley we all descended on a typical Bavarian Gasthof to enjoy coffee/tea and cream cakes, a perfect end to a perfect day.

Day 8 Sunday 9th June

Weather: 25 degrees C Still, long sunny periods, thunder clouds building by late am, no rain After another hearty breakfast there was time to stroll around the hotel grounds and meadows.

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

Most of the group went to see the nest hole of Dendrocopus major (Greater-spotted Woodpecker) that Jane had found on one of her many early morning walks around the hotel earlier in the week, and we were overjoyed to watch quietly as the last remaining fledgling repeatedly peeped out of its nest hole in a tall Spruce, still too nervous to try it’s wings. We were keen to get a last glimpse of a Golden Eagle, but only a pair of Buzzards circled for us on the thermals. However, we could add a Falco peregrinus (Peregrine Falcon), which also shared the same airspace and talking of which, it was time to load up and head for Salzburg airport for a midday flight check-in.

A week had passed so quickly with the delights of beautiful scenery, abundant and interesting botany, a wonderful Bavarian hotel and the pick of the local ‘honey pots’ to explore. All enjoyed the mountains and wildlife without strenuous trekking and long journeys to and from the hotel, with pleasant company and a mixed bag of weather.

Receive our e-newsletter

Join the Naturetrek e-mailing list and be the first to hear about new tours, additional departures and new dates, tour reports and special offers. Visit www.naturetrek.co.uk to sign up.

Naturetrek Facebook

We are delighted to launch the Naturetrek Facebook page so that participants of Naturetrek tours can remain in touch after the holiday and share photos, comments and future travel plans.

Setting up a personal profile at www.facebook.com is quick, free and easy. The Naturetrek Facebook page is now live; do please pay us a visit!

6 © Naturetrek July 13

Tour Report The Bavarian Alps

Species List

Plants Scientific name Common name Location

PTERIDOPHYTES FERNS & ALLIES

Lycopodiacae Clubmoss Family Huperzia selago Fir Clubmoss Eagle's Nest & Klausbachtal Lycopodium annotinum Interrupted Clubmoss Klausbachtal

Equisetaceae Horsetail Family Equisetum arvense Common Horsetail Silberg & Klausbachtal Equisetum palustre Marsh Horsetail Hundsreitlehen & Konigsee Equisetum sylvatica Wood Horsetail Klausbachtal Equisetum telmateia Greater Horsetail Silberg Equisetum variegatum Variegated Horsetail Konigsee

Aspleniaceae Spleenwort Family Asplenium adiantum-nigrum Black Spleenwort Salzburg Asplenium ruta-muraria Wall-rue Obersee Asplenium trichomanes Maidenhair Spleenwort Frequent Asplenium viride Green Spleenwort Frequent Phyllitis scolopendrium Hart's-tongue Salzburg

Blechnaceae Hard-fern Family Blechnum spicant Hard-fern Jenner

Dennstaedtiaceae Bracken Family Pteridium aquilinum Bracken Silberg

Dryopteridaceae Buckler-fern Family Dryopteris dilatata Broad Buckler-fern Klausbachtal Dryopteris filix-mas Male-fern Silberg Polystichum aculeatum Hard Shield-fern Obersee Polystichum setiferum Soft Shield-fern Silberg Polystichum lonchitis Holly Fern Frequent

Thelypteridaceae Marsh Fern Family Phegopteris connectilis Beech Fern Klausbachtal

Woodsiaceae Lady Fern Family Athyrium filix-femina Lady Fern Silberg Cystopteris fragilis Brittle Bladder-fern Obersee Cystopteris montana Mountain Bladder-fern Klausbachtal Gymnocarpium dryopteris Oak Fern Obersee Gymnocarpium robertianum Limestone Fern Silberg

PINOPSIDA CONIFERS

Cupressaceae Juniper Family Juniperus communis subsp. communis Juniper Konigsee

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Pinaceae Pine Family Abies alba European Silver Fir Frequent Larix decidua European Larch Silberg & Rossfeld Picea abies subsp. abies Spruce Silberg Pinus cembra Arolla Pine Klausbachtal (in the distance) Pinus mugo Dwarf Mountain Pine Eagle's Nest & Jenner Pinus sylvestris Scot’s Pine Silberg

Taxaceae Yew Family Taxus baccata Yew Salzburg

MAGNOLIOPSIDA FLOWERING PLANTS

Magnoliidae

Aceraceae Maple Family Acer campestre Field Maple Salzburg Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore Frequent Acer platanoides Norway Maple Frequent Aesculus hippocastrum Horse Chestnut Silberg

Apiaceae Carrot Family Aegopodium podagraria Ground Elder Silberg Angelica sylvestris Wild Angelica Silberg Anthriscus sylvestris Cow Parsley Silberg Astrantia bavarica Bavarian Astrantia Hundsreitlehen Astrantia major Great Masterwort Frequent Daucus carota agg. Wild Carrot Silberg Heracleum sphondylium Hogweed Silberg Laserpitium latifolium Broad-leaved Sermountain Silberg & Konigsee Laserpitium siler A Sermountain Konigsee Peucedanum ostruthium Southern Masterwort Klausbachtal Sanicula europaea Sanicle Frequent Torilis japonica Upright Hedge-parsley

Araliaceae Ivy Family Hedera helix agg Ivy Konigsee

Aristolochiaceae Birthwort Family Asarum europeaum Asarabacca Silberg & Klausbachtal

Asteraceae Daisy Family Achillea clavennae Silvery Milfoil Eagle's Nest Achillea millefolium Yarrow Silberg Aposeris foetida Stinking Wood Salad Frequent Aster bellidiastrum False Aster Frequent Bellis perennis Daisy Silberg Buphthalmum salicifolium Yellow Ox-eye Silberg Carlina acualis Stemless Carline Jenner Centaurea montana Perennial Cornflower Obersee Centaurea scabiosa Greater Knapweed Hundsreitlehen Cirsium palustre Marsh Thistle Common Cirsium rivulare Brook Thistle Silberg

2 © Naturetrek July 13

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Crepis aurea Golden Hawksbeard Klausbachtal Eupatorium cannabinum Hemp Agrimony Silberg Hieracium alpinum agg Alpine Hawkweed Frequent Homogyne discolor an Alpine Coltsfoot Silberg Lapsana communis Nipplewort Salzburg Leontopodium alpinum Edelweiss Eagle's Nest Leucanthemum vulgare Ox-eye Daisy Frequent Matricaria discoidea Pineapple Weed Salzburg Mycelis muralis Wall Lettuce Salzburg Petasites albus White Butterbur Common Petasites hybridus Butterbur Obersee Pilosella aurantiaca Fox-and-cubs Salzburg Pilosella officinarum Mouse-eared Hawkweed Rossfeld Taraxacum sp. Dandelion Common Tragopogon pratensis Goatsbeard Silberg Tussilago farfara Colt’s-foot Common

Balsaminaceae Balsam Family Impatiens parviflora Small Balsam Salzburg

Berberidaceae Barberry Family Berberis vulgaris Barberry Jenner

Betulaceae Birch Family Alnus viridis Green Alder Eagles's Nest Betula pendula Silver Birch Klausbachtal Carpinus betulus Hornbeam Hellbrunn Corylus avellana Hazel Silberg

Boraginaceae Forget-me-not Family Lithospermum officinale Common Gromwell Obersee Myosotis arvensis Field Forget-me-not Common Myosotis sylvatica Wood Forget-me-not Klausbachtal Pulmonaria officinalis Common Lungwort Silberg Symphytum officinale Common Comfrey Silberg Symphytum tuberosum Tuberous Comfrey Rossfeld

Brassicaceae Cabbage Family Alliaria petiolata Garlic Mustard Salzburg Arabis hirsuta Hairy Rock-cress Obersee & Jenner Biscutella laevigata Buckler Mustard Frequent Brassica juncea - Capsella bursa-pastoris Shepherd’s Purse Salzburg Cardamine amara Large Bitter-cress Klausbachtal Cardamine enneaphyllos Drooping Bitter-cress Frequent Cardamine flexuosa Wavy Bitter-cress Silberg Cardamine impatiens Narrow-leaved Bitter-cress Obersee Cardamine pratensis Lady’s Smock Silberg & Klausbachtal Cardaminopsis arenosa Tall Rock-cress near Konigsee Kernera saxatilis Kernera Klausbachtal Lunaria redivida Perennial Honesty Obersee

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Campanulaceae Bellflower Family Campanula patula Spreading Bellflower Frequent Campanula rotundifolia Harebell Salzburg Campanula trachelium Nettle-leaved Bellflower Salzburg Phyteuma orbiculare Round-headed Rampion Silberg Phyteuma spicata Spiked Rampion Silberg & Salzburg

Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family Lonicera alpigena Alpine Honeysuckle Klausbachtal Lonicera xylosteum Fly Honeysuckle Silberg & Klausbachtal Sambucus ebulus Dwarf Elder Obersee Sambucus nigra Elder Silberg Sambucus racemosa Red-berried Elder Klausbachtal Viburnum lantana Wayfaring Tree Silberg & Klausbachtal Viburnum opulus Guelder-rose Salzburg

Caryophyllaceae Pink Family Cerastium fontanum Common Mouse-ear Silberg Gypsophila repens Alpine Gypsophila Klausbachtal Lychnis flos-cuculi Ragged Robin Frequent Moehringia muscosa Mossy Sandwort Silberg & Obersee Moehringia trinerva Three-veined Sandwort Obersee Sagina procumbens Perennial Pearlwort Salzburg Silene acaulis Moss Campion Jenner Silene dioica Red Campion Silberg Silene vulgaris Bladder Campion Silberg Stellaria media Chickweed Konigsee Stellaria nemorum Wood Stitchwort Rossfeld

Clusiaceae St. John’s-wort Family Hypericum perforatum Perforate St. John’s-wort Silberg

Convolvulaceae Bindweed Family Calystegia sepium Hedge Bindweed Salzburg

Cornaceae Dogwood Family Cornus sanguinea Dogwood Hellbrunn

Dipsacaceae Teasel Family Knautia arvensis Field Scabious Hundsreitlehen & Silberg Scabiosa columbaria Scabious Silberg

Ericaceae Heath family Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry Silberg & Klausbachtal Erica carnea Spring Heath Frequent Rhododendron hirsutum Hairy Alpenrose Eagle's Nest & Jenner Rhodothamnus chamaecistus Dwarf Alpenrose Eagle's Nest & Jenner Vaccinium myrtilis Bilberry Silberg, Eagle's Nest & Klausbachtal

Euphorbiaceae Spurge Family Euphorbia amygdaloides Wood Spurge Silberg Euphorbia cyparissias Cypress Spurge Frequent Mercurialis perennis Dog’s Mercury Silberg & Jenner

4 © Naturetrek July 13

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Fabaceae Pea Family Anthyllis vulneraria Kidney Vetch Silberg & Jenner Coronilla vaginalis Small Scorpion Vetch Silberg Hippocrepis comosa Horseshoe Vetch Silberg & Klausbachtal Lathyrus pratensis Yellow Vetchling Obersee Lotus corniculatus Bird’s-foot Trefoil Silberg Medicago lupulina Black medick Silberg Trifolium medium Zigzag Clover Silberg Trifolium pratense Red Clover Silberg Trifolium repens White Clover Konigsee Vicia sepium Bush Vetch Silberg

Fagaceae Oak & Beech Family Fagus sylvatica Beech Silberg

Fumariaceae Fumitory Family Pseudofumaria lutea Yellow Corydalis Salzburg

Gentianaceae Gentian Family Gentiana bavarica Bavarian Gentian Rossfeld & Jenner Gentiana clusii Clusius’s Gentian Frequent Gentiana pannonica Brown Gentian Silberg Gentiana verna Spring Gentian Rossfeld, Jenner & Klausbachtal Gentiana utriculosa Bladder Gentian Konigsee

Geraniaceae Geranium Family Geranium phaeum Dusky Crane’s-bill Salzburg Geranium pratense Meadow Crane's-bill Geranium robertianum Herb Robert Silberg Geranium sylvaticum Wood Crane’s-bill Rossfeld & Klausbachtal

Globulariaceae Globularia Family Globularia cordifolia Matted Globularia Silberg, Kongsee & Klausbachtal Globularia nudicaulis Leafless-stemmed globularia Jenner

Juglandaceae Walnut Family Juglans regia Walnut Family Hellbrunn

Lamiaceae Dead-nettle Family Acinos alpinus Alpine Basil Thyme Silberg & Obersee Ajuga pyramidalis Pyramidal Bugle Silberg Ajuga reptans Bugle Frequent Ballota nigra Black Horehound Clinopodium vulgare Wild Basil Galeopsis tetrahit agg Common Hempnettle Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy Silberg Lamiastrum galeobdolon subsp. argentatum Variegated Yellow Archangel Silberg Lamiastrum galeobdolon subsp. montanum Yellow Archangel Silberg Lamium album White Deadnettle near Konigsee Lycopus europaeus Gypsywort Obersee Mentha aquatica Water Mint Silberg & Jenner Mentha longifolia Horse Mint Obersee

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Origanum vulgare Marjoram Silberg Prunella vulgaris Self-heal Obersee Stachys alpina Limestone Woundwort Rossfeld & Jenner Thymus polytrichus Wild Thyme Frequent

Lentabulariaceae Bladderwort Family Pinguicula alpina Alpine Butterwort Eagle's Nest & Jenner Pinguicula vulgaris Butterwort Silberg & Klausbachtal

Menyanthaceae Bogbean Family Menyanthes trifoliata Bogbean Silberg & Konigsee

Oleaceae Olive Family Fraxinus excelsior Ash Silberg

Onagraceae Willowherb Family Circaea lutetiana Enchanter's Nightshade Obersee Epilobium montanum Broad-leaved Willowherb Salzburg

Orobanchaceae Broomrape Family Orobanche gracilis Slender Broomrape Silberg

Oxalidaceae Wood-sorrel Family Oxalis acetosella Wood-sorrel Jenner

Papaveraceae Poppy Family Chelidonium majus Greater Celandine Obersee Papaver rhoeas Corn Poppy driving to Hellbrunn

Plantaginaceae Plantain Family Plantago atrata Dark Plantain Jenner Plantago lanceolata Ribwort Plantain Silberg Plantago majus Greater Plantain Silberg Plantago media Hoary or Lamb’s-tail Plantain Silberg

Polygalaceae Milkwort Family Polygala alpina Alpine Milkwort Eagle's Nest & Jenner

Polygala chamaebuxus Shrubby Milkwort Frequent Polygala vulgaris Common Milkwort Silberg

Polygonaceae Knotweed Family Fallopia japonica Japanese Knotweed Salzburg Persicaria vivipara Alpine Bistort Silberg & Klausbachtal Persicaria bistorta Bistort Silberg Rumex acetosa Sorrel Silberg Rumex alpina Monk's Rhubarb Rossfeld & Klausbachtal Rumex obtusifolius Broad-leaved Dock Obersee

Primulaceae Primrose Family Androsace chamaejasme Ciliate Rock-jasmine Eagle's Nest & Jenner Cyclamen purpurescens Sowbread Silberg Lysimachia nemorum Yellow Pimpernel Silberg

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Lysimachia nummularia Creeping Jenny Obersee Primula auricula Bear's-ear Eagle's Nest & Jenner Primula elatior Oxlip Eagle's Nest & Jenner Primula farinosa Bird's-eye Primrose Frequent Primula veris Cowslip Silberg Soldanella alpina Alpine Snowbell Eagle's Nest & Jenner

Pyrolaceae Wintergreen Family Moneses uniflora One-flowered Wintergreen Konigsee Pyrola media Intermediate Wintergreen Konigsee

Ranunculaceae Buttercup Family Aconitum lycoctonum subsp. vulparia Wolf's Bane Obersee Anemone nacissiflora Narcissus-flowered Anemone Eagle's Nest Anemone nemorosa Wood Anemone Eagle's Nest & Jenner Aquilegia atrata Dark-flowered Columbine Silberg Caltha palustris Kingcups Silberg, Eagle's Nest & Jenner Clematis alpina Alpine Clematis Klausbachtal Clematis vitalba Wild Clematis Silberg & Konigsee Helleborus niger Christmas Rose Silberg & Jenner Hepatica nobilis Hepatica Frequent Pulsatilla alpina Alpine Pasque Flower Eagle's Nest & Jenner Ranunculus aconitifolius Aconite-leaved Buttercup Klausbachtal Ranunculus acris Meadow Buttercup Silberg Ranunculus alpestris Alpine Buttercup Eagle's Nest & Jenner Ranunculus ficaria Lesser Celandine Obersee Ranunculus hybridus Hybris Buttercup Jenner Ranunculus lanuginosus Woolly Buttercup Obersee Ranunculus montanus Mountain Buttercup Eagle's Nest & Jenner Ranunculus repens Creeping Buttercup Obersee Thalictrum aquilegifolium Great Meadow-rue Konigsee & Obersee Thalictrum flavum Common Meadow-rue Konigsee & Obersee Trollius europaeus Globeflower Silberg & Rossfeld

Rosaceae Rose Family Alchemilla alpina Alpine Lady’s Mantle Eagle's Nest Alchemilla fillicaulis - Silberg Alchemillla mollis Soft Lady's Mantle Hellbrunn Aruncus dioicus Goat's-beard Spirea Silberg & Rossfeld Cotoneaster horizontalis Wall Cotoneaster Silberg Crataegus laevigata Midland Hawthorn Silberg Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn Obersee Dryas octopetala Mountain Avens Konigsee & Eagle's Nest Duchesnea indica Yellow-flowered Strawberry Salzburg Filipendula ulmaria Meadowsweet Silberg Fragaria moschata Hautbois Strawberry Silberg Fragaria vesca Wild Strawberry Silberg Geum rivale Water Avens Frequent Geum urbanum Wood Avens or Herb Bennett Salzburg Geum x intermedium Hybrid Wood x Water Avens Obersee Potentilla anserina Silverweed Silberg Potentilla aurea Golden Cinquefoil Rossfeld & Jenner Potentilla crantzii Alpine Cinquefoil Silberg

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Potentilla erecta Tormentil Silberg Potentilla palustris Marsh Cinquefoil Silberg Potentilla reptans Creeping Cinquefoil Silberg Ribes alpina Mountain Currant Klausbachtal Ribes rubra Red Currant Jenner Rosa pendulina Alpine Rose Silberg Rubus fruticosus agg Bramble Obersee Rubus idaeus Raspberry Klausbachtal Rubus saxatilis Stone Bramble Silberg & Obersee Sanguisorba minor agg Salad Burnet Silberg Sanguisorba officinalis Greater Burnet Silberg Sorbus aria agg Whitebeam Silberg Sorbus aucuparia Rowan Silberg

Rubiaceae Bedstraw Family Cruciata laevipes Crosswort Silberg Galium lucidum a Bedstraw Salzburg Galium mollugo Hedge Bedstraw Silberg Galium odoratum Woodruff Klausbachtal Galium verum Ladies Bedstraw Silberg

Salicaceae Poplar & Willow Family Populus tremula Aspen Klausbachtal Salix elaeagnos - Frequent

Saxifragaceae Saxifrage Family Chrysosplenium alternifolium Alternate-leaved Golden Saxifrage Eagle's Nest & Jenner Saxifraga rotundifolia Round-leaved saxifrage Frequent

Scrophulariaceae Figwort Family Bartsia alpina Alpine Bartsia Eagle's Nest Cymbalaria muralis Ivy-leaved Toadflax Salzburg Pedicularis foliosus Leafy Lousewort Rossfeld Rhinanthus minor agg. Yellow Rattle Silberg Scrophularia nodosa Common Figwort Obersee Tozzia aphylla Tozzia Rossfeld Veronica beccabunga Brooklime Silberg & Obersee Veronica chamaedrys Germander Speedwell Frequent Veronica filiformis Slender Speedwell Konigsee Veronica serpyllifolia Thyme-leaved Speedwell Silberg Veronica urticifolia Nettle-leaved Speedwell Obersee

Solanaceae Nightshade Family Atropa belladonna Deadly Nightshade Silberg & Klausbachtal Solanum dulcamara Bittersweet Rossfeld

Thymelaeaceae Mezereon Family Daphne laureola Spurge Laurel Silberg Daphne mezereum Mezereon Eagle's Nest

Ulmaceae Elm Family Ulmus glabra Wych Elm Obersee

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Urticacae Nettle Family Urtica dioica Common Nettle Silberg

Valerianaceae Valerian Family Valeriana montana - Silberg & Konigsee Valeriana officinalis Common Valerian Silberg Valeriana tripteris Three-leaved Valerian Frequent

Violaceae Violet Family Viola biflora Yellow Wood Violet Jenner Viola riviniana Common Dog Violet Silberg & Jenner Viola palustris Marsh Violet Rossfeld

Viscaeae Mistletoe Family Viscum album Mistletoe Hundsreitlehen & Hellbrunn

Liliidae Cyperaceae Sedge Family Carex echinata Star Sedge Obersee Carex flacca Glaucous Sedge Silberg Carex hirta Hairy Sedge Silberg Carex muricata Prickly Sedge Salzburg Carex nigra Common Sedge Obersee Carex ovalis Oval Sedge Konigsee Carex pallescens Pale Sedge Carex paniculata Great Tussock Sedge Konigsee Carex pendula Pendulous Sedge Klausbachtal Carex remota Remote Sedge Klausbachtal Carex sylvatica Wood Sedge Silberg Carex viridula subsp. oedocarpa Common Yellow Sedge Silberg Eriophorum angustifolium Common Cotton-grass Konigsee

Juncaceae Rush Family Juncus bufonius Toad Rush Silberg Juncus effusus Soft Rush Konigsee Juncus inflexus Hard Rush Silberg Luzula campestris Field Wood-rush Rossfeld Luzula pilosa Hairy Wood-rush Silberg Luzula sylvatica Great Wood-rush Rossfeld & Jenner

Liliaceae Lily Family Allium ursinum Ramsons Salzburg Convallaria majalis Lily-of-the-valley Frequent Crocus albiflorus White Crocus Jenner Iris pseudacorus Yellow Flag Obersee Lilium martagon Martagon Lily Salzburg Maianthemum bifolium May Lily Frequent Paris quadrifolia Herb Paris Frequent Polygonatum multiflorum Solomon’s-seal Silberg & Konigsee Polygonatum odoratum Angular Solomon's-seal Silberg & Konigsee Polygonatum verticillatum Whorled Solomon’s Seal Silberg Streptopus amplexifolius Streptopus Jenner Tofieldia calyculata Tofield's Asphodel Silberg & Konigsee

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

Scientific name Common name Location

Veratrum album White False Helleborine Obersee & Rossfeld

Orchidaceae Orchid Family Cephalanthera damasonium White Helleborine Silberg Cephalanthera longifolia Sword-leaved Helleborine Common Cypripedium calceolus Lady's Slipper Orchid Konigsee & Klausbachtal Dactylorhiza fuchsii Common Spotted Orchid Silberg & Konigsee Dactylorhiza incarnata agg. Early Marsh Orchid Konigsee & Obersee Dactylorhiza maculata Heath Spotted-orchid Konigsee Dactylorhiza majalis Broad-leaved Marsh Orchid Konigsee & Obersee Epipactis palustris Marsh Helleborine Konigsee & Obersee Gymnadenia conopsea Fragrant Orchid Konigsee Neottia nidus-avis Bird's-nest Orchid Frequent Neottia ovata Twayblade Silberg & Konigsee Ophrys insectifera Fly Orchid Konigsee Orchis mascula Early Purple Orchid Konigsee & Jenner Orchis ovalis an Early Purple Orchid Jenner Platanthera bifolia Lesser Butterfly Orchid Konigsee

Poaceae Grass Family Anthoxanthemum odoratum Sweet Vernal Grass Frequent Arrhenatherum elatius False Oat Silberg Brachypodium sylvaticum False-brome Silberg Briza media Quaking Grass Frequent Cynosurus cristatus Crested Dog's-tail Frequent Dactylis glomerata Cock's-foot Silberg Deschampsia cespitosa Tufted Hair-grass Rossfeld Festuca gigantea Giant Fescue Salzburg Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog Silberg Melica nutans Mountain Melick Frequent Millium effusus Wood Millet Salzburg Poa alpina var. vivipara - Obersee & Jenner Poa annua Annual Meadow-grass Salzburg Poa nemoralis Wood Meadow-grass Silberg Poa trivialis Rough Meadow-grass Slberg Sesleria caerulea Blue Moor-grass Silberg, Eagles Nest & Jenner

Birds ( = recorded but not counted; H = heard only; ? = possible) June Common name Scientific name 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Black Grouse Tetrao tetrix 2 2 Mute Swan Cygnus olor  3 Mallard Anus platyrhynchos      4 Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula   5 Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis  6 Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus  7 White Stork Ciconia ciconia  8 Grey Heron Ardea cinerea     9 Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus 5 1 10 Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus 1 11 Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentiles  12 Common Buzzard Buteo buteo 1  2 2

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

June Common name Scientific name 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 13 Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos 1 1 14 Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus  2 2 2 1 15 Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo 2 16 Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus 1 17 Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus 1 18 Eurasian Coot Fulica atra 1 19 Common Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus       20 Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus 1 H  2 H H 21 Common Swift Apus apus      22 Great-spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopus major       23 Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius 1 H 24 European Green Woodpecker Picus viridis  25 Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus H H 26 Eurasian Jay Garrulus glandarius    27 Spotted Nutcracker Nucifraga caryocatactes 1 28 Red-billed Chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax 29 Alpine Chough Pyrrhocorax graculus   30 Western Jackdaw Corvus monedula   31 Carrion Crow Corvus corone        32 Northern Raven Corvus corax 2 1 H 33 Marsh Tit Poecile palustris   34 Willow Tit Poecile montanus   35 Coal Tit Periparus ater H   36 European Crested Tit Lophophanes cristatus  37 Great Tit Parus major      38 Eurasian Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus       39 Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica        40 Eurasian Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris  41 Common House Martin Delichon urbicum   42 Long-tailed Tit Aegithalos caudatus  43 Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus H H   44 Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita H 1     H 45 Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix  46 Eurasian Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla H      H 47 Goldcrest Regulus regulus H  H H 48 Eurasian Wren Troglodytes troglodytes  H H 49 Eurasian Nuthatch Sitta europaea     50 Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris    51 Ring Ouzel Turdus torquatus alpestris 3 4 52 Common Blackbird Turdus merula       53 Song Thrush Turdus philomelos       54 Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus   55 European Robin Erithacus rubecula     56 Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros         57 Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata    58 White-throated Dipper Cinclus cinclus 2 59 House Sparrow Passer domesticus    60 Alpine Accentor Prunella collaris 2 ? 61 Dunnock Prunella modularis  62 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea    63 White Wagtail Motacilla alba      

The Bavarian Alps Tour Report

June Common name Scientific name 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 64 Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis   65 Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta ? 66 Common Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs        67 European Serin Serinus serinus 68 European Greenfinch Carduelis chloris   H  69 Eurasian Siskin Carduelis spinus   70 European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis  71 Red Crossbill Loxia curvirostra  72 Eurasian Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula  

Butterflies 1 Swallowtail Papilio machaon 1 2 Orange Tip Anthocharis cardamines    3 Brimstone Gonepteryx rhamni  4 Wood White Leptidea sinapis  5 Camberwell beauty Nymphalis antiopa 1 6 Peacock Butterfly Inachis io 1 7 Red Admiral Vanessa atalanta 1 8 Small Tortoiseshell Aglais urticae 2 9 Pearly Heath Coenonympha arcania 10 Speckled Wood Pararge aegeria  11 Small Skipper Thymelicus sylvestris 

Moths 1 Straw Dot Rivula sericealis 2 Humming bird hawk moth 1

Molluscs 1 Roman Snail Helix pomatia  

Mammals 1 Common Mole Talpa europaea  2 Red Fox Vulpes vulpes   3 Roe Deer Capreolus capreolus 1 4 Chamois Rupicapra rupicapra   5 Red Squirrel Sciurus vulgaris 2 1 1 6 Alpine Marmot Marmotta marmotta   8 Brown Hare Lepus capensis  

Reptiles 1 Sand Lizard Lacerta agilis 1