Teacher Training For Classical Teachers

SAVING WESTERN CIVILIZATION ONE STUDENT AT A TIME

THIRD GRADE LESSON PLAN II LESSON II

Latin Saying FIRST CONJUGATION Mater Itáliae — Roma the mother of italy — rome 1 Opening Vocabulary Teacher: Salvete, amici Latinae aqua water aquarium, aqueduct (hello, friends of Latin) glória glory glorify, glorious Students: Salve, magister / magistra Itália italy (hello, teacher) memória memory memorial Teacher: Súrgite (stand up) Roma rome victória victory victorious Teacher: Oremus (Let us pray) vita life vitamin All: Table Blessing návigo i sail navigate Music: Christus Vincit paro i prepare preparation specto i look at spectator 2 Recitation - cue words amo Grammar Forms 1st Conjugation - Present Tense 3 Latin Saying present stem: voca-

Mater Itáliae — Roma Person Singular Plural

The mother of Italy — Rome 1st voco I call vocamus we call this saying is from the roman 2nd vocas you call vocatis you all call

historian Florus. the ideals and 3rd vocat he/she/it calls vocant they call language of rome became the source of unity for the diverse peoples of the italian peninsula, and eventually the whole Mediterranean world. NOTE: Itáliae is the genitive singular (possessive) of the noun Itália. The first 12 Lesson ii declension will be introduced in Lesson 3.

6 Grammar NOTE: You will notice that the student text used amo last lesson and is using voco this lesson. Students began with amo because it is the traditional model verb of the 1st conjugation, with the phrase "amo, amas, amat" being a Latin saying in its own right. However, voco is a superior model verb because it lacks an a in the stem, allowing students to distinguish more clearly between the stem and ending (e.g., amamus vs. vocamus). Personal Endings: Last week we saw that Latin verbs include a pronoun. What are some more pronouns besides i? (You, he/she/it, we, they) What is the difference between these? (to whom the speaker is directing his speech.) What is the definition of a pronoun? (a pronoun is a word that stands for a noun.) What is the difference between the singular and plural pronoun? (in the singular, the pronoun refers to only one person, and in the plural, it refers to more than one person.) Write the grammar forms from Lessons 1 and 2 on the board and ask students if they see similarities. Circle the similar endings (o, s, t, mus, tis, nt). ask, "if o stands for the pronoun I, what do you think the other endings represent?" Write the meanings after the forms of voco as given in the student text. also write a separate chart of Latin personal endings and their corresponding english pronouns (found on opposite page). Illustrating Grammatical Person: to illustrate the difference between persons, have three students come to the front and demonstrate the concepts of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd person by saying something like I like Latin, You like Latin, and He likes Latin. switch students around to show that the persons are always in reference to who is doing the speaking. add a fourth student to demonstrate the plural forms we, you (all), and they.

12 Lesson Plan ii 1 4 Word Study EXERCISES: Lesson II Teacher: This lesson includes both verbs

A. Phrases and Sayings: Translate. and nouns. What is a noun? 1. salvete, discípuli. (p. 73) ______Hello, students. Student: A noun is a word that names a 2. Mater itáliae — roma ______The mother of Italy — Rome person, place, or thing. 3. Ora et labora. ______Pray and work. 4. Mihi nomen est …(p. 73) ______My name is … Teacher: What words in the vocabulary list are nouns, and how do they end? B. Grammar 1. a noun is a word that names a/an ______person ,______place , Student: Words 1-7 and they end with or ______thing . the letter -a. 2. a pronoun takes the place of a/an ______noun . Teacher: Do all of the nouns in English 3. singular means ______one in number. 4. ______Plural means more than one. have the same endings? 5. the ______first person is the person speaking. Student: No, not as regularly as Latin 6. the ______second person is the person spoken to. endings. 7. the ______third person is the person spoken about. 8. Write the english pronouns that correspond to these endings: Teacher: There are only five groupings -o ______I -mus ______we of noun endings in Latin. How many can -s ______you -tis ______you all you think of in English? Is there a pattern -t ______he/she/it -nt ______they to the English endings? (no.) C. Derivatives: Complete these sentences with derivatives you have learned in class. 1. the fish were swimming in the ______aquarium . 5 Derivatives 2. the ______spectators cheered their team. aquarium vitamin 3. rome was always ______victorious over her enemies. 4. Careful ______preparation usually leads to success. aquatic navigate 5. ______Vitamins contribute to good health. aqueduct navigation 6. rome built many ______aqueducts to carry water to the cities. 7. the river was difficult to ______navigate . glorify navy glorious preparation memorial spectacle memorize spectacular Lesson ii 13 victorious spectator vital inspect

6 Grammar Conjugating Verbs: Conjugate is a big word for writing the verb in its different forms. Write the verb to be conjugated, paro, on the board, and underneath write paro again. erase the o at the end and put the stem vowel a in its place, giving the stem para-. now add the rest of the endings to the stem para-. The stem is the part of the word that doesn’t change. (the stem vowel a is missing from the first form.) Making these six forms would be considered conjugating the verb in the present tense. in addition to conjugating, the students should translate the forms like voco is translated in their texts. students should conjugate additional verbs on the board or in their notebooks. (see "Drill/practice" below.)

Personal Endings Person Singular Plural Singular Plural 1st (person speaking. -o -mus I we 2nd (person spoken to. -s -tis you you all 3rd (person spoken about) -t -nt he/she/it they Drill/practice: have the students conjugate these 1st conjugation verbs: laudo (laudo, laudas, laudat, laudamus, laudatis, laudant) oro (oro, oras, orat, oramus, oratis, orant) specto (specto, spectas, spectat, spectamus, spectatis, spectant)

2 Lesson Plan ii 13 LATIN REVIEW review of Lessons 1-2

A. Translate into Latin. 1. memory ______4. italy ______2. victory ______5. water ______3. glory ______6. life ______what part of speech are all these words? ______

B. Translate into English (remember the pronoun “I”). 1. specto ______5. návigo ______2. paro ______6. laudo ______3. voco ______7. amo ______4. laboro ______8. oro ______what part of speech are all these words? ______

C. Answer the questions. 1. when a female teacher says, “salvete, discípuli,” the students reply: ______2. write this saying in Latin: “the mother of italy – rome.” ______3. write the english word for “discípuli.” ______4. write the english word for “magistra.” ______5. write “Pray and work” in Latin. ______6. write “My name is …” in Latin. ______

D. Complete the chart.

means the person speaking. means the person spoken to. means the person spoken about.

6 Latin Review • Review of Lessons 1-2 3 LATIN REVIEW review of Lessons 1-2

E. Write the English pronouns that correspond to these endings:

S. Pl. - o - mus

- s - tis

- t - nt

F. For each English derivative, underline the Latin root, and write the Latin word on the line. 1. glorious ______6. navy ______2. vital ______7. preparation ______3. aquarium ______8. inspect ______4. memorize ______9. vocation ______5. victorious ______10. oral ______

G. Translate the Latin conjugation of “laboro.” Remember to include the pronouns!

S. Pl. laboro laboramus

laboras laboratis

laborat laborant

Latin Review • Review of Lessons 1-2 7 4 QUIZ: Lesson II

Nomen:______Date: ______Score: ______

A. Latin Saying 1. the mother of italy — rome ______

B. Vocabulary 1. rome ______2. glory ______3. italy ______4. life ______5. victory ______6. memory ______7. water ______8. i sail ______9. i look at ______10. i prepare ______

C. Grammar Forms Translation of voco Singular Plural Person Latin Translation Latin Translation 1st voco vocamus 2nd vocas vocatis 3rd vocat vocant

Quiz: Lesson ii 1315 LESSON 2: Zeus and his Family (pp. 16-21)

FACTS TO KNOW • Amaltheia – fairy goat, horns flowed with ambrosia and nectar • Aegis – breastplate of Zeus • Metis – first wife of Zeus; goddess of prudence • Prometheus, Epimetheus – Titans who left to join Zeus in revolt • lightning bolt – Zeus’ weapon; symbol of his power • Atlas – strongest Titan; carries the sky on his shoulders • Typhon and Echidna – monsters sent by Mother Earth to fight Zeus • Mount Olympus* – highest mountain in Greece; home of the gods • Iris – fleet-footed messenger of gods; traveled on a rainbow • Hestia – goddess of the hearth; daughter of Cronus

VOCABULARY • tended by gentle nymphs • an impenetrable breastplate • goddess of prudence • cunningly tricked him • the herb would make him unconquerable • frothing waves stood mountain high • venom dripped from his evil eyes • Echidna, his hideous mate • She cowered [cower] in a cave • a gown of iridescent drops

COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS • What good advice did Metis give Zeus regarding Cronus?

6 Lesson 2: Zeus and his Family (pp. 16-21) • List the allies of Zeus and describe how Metis helped Zeus acquire them.

• Who were Prometheus and Epimetheus? Why did they join Zeus in the fight with the Titans?

• What were the weapons the Cyclopes made for Zeus and his brothers?

• Describe the monsters Typhon and Echidna.

• Who built the palace for the gods? Describe it.

ACTIVITIES Identify: • p. 16 – Amaltheia, Zeus, ambrosia, nectar, nymphs • p. 18 – Echidna, Echidna offspring. Why did Zeus let Echidna live? • p. 19 – Zeus, Zeus’ weapons • p. 20 – Iris, Mt. Olympus, gate of clouds, goddesses of seasons • Map – Mt. Olympus • Begin filling in the list (Appendix) of Greek heroes hidden in youth. Who would be added first? • Can you think of other Biblical or Roman history examples? • What is a modern atlas? • Explain the expression, “A revolution eats its children.” Discuss how it is illustrated in Greek mythology.

Lesson 2: Zeus and his Family (pp. 16-21) 7 DRILL QUESTIONS FOR GREEK MYTHOLOGY

• The Greek name for Mother Earth. • The Greek name for Father Sky. • The first children of Mother Earth. • The second children of Mother Earth. • The deepest, darkest pit under the earth. • The Titan son who overthrew Father Sky. • The Golden Age of Man was during his reign. • The food and drink of the gods. • The son of Cronus who led the rebellion against the Titans. • The two Titan sons who fought with Zeus against the Titans. • The fleet-footed messenger of the gods who ran along the rainbow. • Zeus’ bride who was changed into a white cow and fled to Egypt. • He had 100 eyes and was bored to death by Hermes. • The home of the gods. • She arose from the sea and the Three Graces were her attendants. • The four things that follow war. • The constant companion of Ares. • She sprang fully formed from the head of Zeus. • The spirit of victory, the constant companion of Athena. • She was skilled in weaving, but Athena turned her into a spider. • The fifty sea nymphs. • The most sacred place in Greece. • He was attacked by his own hounds after Artemis turned him into a stag. • When her children died, she wept so long the gods turned her into an unfeeling rock. • The mighty hunting companion of Artemis and the brightest constellation in the sky. • He stole the white cows of Apollo. • He leads the dead down to Hades. • The river that flows around the underworld. • The ferryman of Hades. • The three-headed dog that guards the gates of Hades. • Queen of the underworld. • He kidnapped Demeter’s daughter. • The food of the dead. • Winter and Spring come when she leaves and returns to Earth every year. • The heroes in the underworld live here. • The spring of forgetfulness in the underworld. • The only one of the 12 great gods whose mother was mortal. • He changed pirates into dolphins after they kidnapped him.

8 Drill Questions for Greek Mythology D’AULAIRES’ PRONUNCIATION GUIDE

This pronunciation guide has been written as a companion toD’Aulaires’ Book of Greek Myths. Names are as pronounced in the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, published in 1969. These spellings are a modification and simplification of the Traeger-Smith system of phonetic spelling.

VOWEL PRONUNCIATION ah “father” aw “caw” (like a crow) CONSONANT ay “bait” PRONUNCIATION air “air” s as in “seed” eh “head” ee “me” th as in “thing” ih “it” th as in “this” i “eye” ks as in “kicks” or “fox” o “bone” z as in “zoo” uh “ughh” u “put” oo “food”

NAME PRONUNCIATION NAME PRONUNCIATION Achilles Uh kill ees Argos Ar gahs Acropolis ah krah po lis Argus ahr gus Actaeon ak tee on Ariadne Air ee ahd nee Admetus Ahd may tuhs Artemis Ar teh mihs Aeëtes Ah ee tees Asclepius as klee pee uhs Aegina ee gee nah Asopus ah so puhs Aegis eh jihs Atalanta At ah lant ah Aegyptus ih jip tuhs Athena ah thee na Aeneas Uh nee ahs Athenians ah thee nee ans Aeolus ee o luhs Atlas at lehs Aerisius a ree see uhs Atropos a tro pahs Aethra Ay thrah Augeas aw jee uhs Agamemnon Ag ah mehm nahn Bellerophon beh lehr o fon Agenor ah geh nor Boreas bor ee ahs Alcestis Al sehs tis Bosporus bos por us Alcmena Alk mee nee Cadmus cad mus Almatheia Ahl mah thee ah Cairn karn Ambrosia am bro zhyeh Calliope kah li uh pee Amphitrite am fih tri tee (Similar to aphrodite) Casiopeia ka see oh pee ah Anchises An ki sees Castor Ka stur Andromeda an drahm eh deh Caucasus kaw kuh sihs Antaeus An tay uhs centaurs sen tors Antigone An tih go nee Cepheus see fe ehs Aphrodite af roh di tee Cerberus sur bur us Apollo ah pah loh Charon kar on Arachne ahr ack nee Charybdis Kar ihb dihs Arcadia ahr kay dee ah Chimera kih meh rah Ares Ehr eez Chios kee os Argonauts Ar go nawts Chiron ki rahn

D’Aulaires’ Pronunciation Guide 9 Reading Notes

Charlotte A. Cavatica a reference to a barn spider’s scientific name, Araneaus cavaticus inheritance a genetic characteristic passed from parent to offspring “by my wits” by cleverness

Vocabulary

1. I didn’t mean to be objectionable.______offensive, unpleasant 2. He lay down meekly in the manure______humbly 3. A fly …blundered into the lower part of Charlotte’s web______moved carelessly, clumsily 4. and although he detested flies, he was sorry for this one.______strongly disliked 5. Wilbur was merely suffering the doubts and fears______only; simply

Comprehension Questions

1. What word does Charlotte use to greet Wilbur? What Latin root means “greetings”? What is the

opening of a friendly letter called? ______Charlotte greets Wilbur with “Salutations!” The Latin root

______is “salut-”. The opening of a letter is called the “salutation.”

______

2. How does the author describe Charlotte? How does Charlotte describe herself?______

______The author describes Charlotte as a large, gray spider, about the size of a gumdrop. Charlotte

______describes herself as pretty, not very flashy, and near-sighted.

______

3. What does Charlotte do for a “living”? How does she capture prey?______

______Charlotte is a “trapper.” She builds webs and traps insects. She traps and eats insects by rolling

______and wrapping them in silk jets when they get stuck in her web. She then puts them to sleep

______(anesthetizes them) until she is ready to eat them.

4. How does Charlotte defend herself and convince Wilbur that webs are a good thing?______

______She claims she has to eat and no one brings her food. Also, too many insects would destroy

______the earth.

10 Chapter V: Charlotte Quotations

“Well,” he thought, “I’ve got a new friend, all right. But what a gamble friendship is!”

Who said this?______Wilbur On what occasion? ______after meeting Charlotte

Wilbur was merely suffering the doubts and fears that often go with finding a new friend. In good time he was to discover that he was mistaken about Charlotte. Underneath her rather bold and cruel exterior, she had a kind heart, and she was to prove loyal and true to the very end.

Discussion Questions

1. Before Charlotte greets him, Wilbur is impatient, embarrassed, and humble. Describe how Wilbur

demonstrates these qualities toward the beginning of the chapter.

2. Describe in detail Charlotte’s process for obtaining food.

3. Contrast how Charlotte obtains her food compared to how Wilbur receives his. What does this say

about Charlotte?

4. *Explain Wilbur’s statement, “… what a gamble friendship is!” in the first quote above.

Enrichment

Dialogue is back-and-forth conversational exchange. Each time a new character begins speaking, there is a new set of quotation marks, and a new paragraph begins with indentation.

Directions: Copy the dialogue between Charlotte and Wilbur from page 37 (beginning with “‘My name,’ said the spider …” and ending with “… as clearly as you can see me.” Spelling, punctuation, and capitalization should be perfect.

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

______

Chapter V: Charlotte 11 LESSOn 2: capitalization

review reCitAtion: □ capitalization rules #1-2

Lesson: Capitalization Rule #3: capitalize words that show family relationship if used as a name, but not if preceded by a possessive pronoun. Ex. 1 i asked Mom and aunt Mary to teach me to cook. Ex. 2 i asked my mom and my aunt to teach me to cook.

Capitalization Rule #4: Capitalize the first word and all important words in titles of books, poems, stories, films, works of art, and magazines. Ex. 1 We memorize the poem “Horatius at the Bridge.” Ex. 2 We watched the movie Anne of Green Gables. Ex. 3 the Pieta is a sculpture by Michelangelo.

Copywork:

Capitalization Rule #3: ______Ex. 1 ______Ex. 2 ______

Capitalization Rule #4: ______Ex. 1 ______Ex. 2 ______Ex. 3 ______

prACtiCe A : Circle the words that should be capitalized. 1. i visited my aunt in the hospital. 2. mother and father were both working in the yard.

1214 lesson 2: capitalization 3. uncle mark and i were helping them plant trees along the fence. 4. i went with my brother to the grocery store. 5. has grandmother finished all the baking? 6. my grandfather helped build this barn. 7. my sister and my brother are both excellent students. 8. has aunt mary finished her book? prACtiCe B: Circle the words that should be capitalized. 1. shakespeare wrote the play romeo and juliet. 2. my favorite book is little house on the prairie. 3. the mona lisa is a famous painting by leonardo da Vinci. 4. we will read the book the trojan war this year in class. 5. the wizard of oz was released in 1939. 6. my parents subscribe to the new york times and reader’s digest magazine. 7. hilary has read the legend of sleepy hollow several times. 8. joseph must recite the poem “ i never saw a moor” tomorrow. prACtiCe C DiCtAtion: On the facing page, study Capitalization Rules #3-4 and the examples carefully. When you are ready, fold the facing page back so that you cannot see the examples. Write the examples below as your teacher dictates them aloud. Read over your work thoroughly, and then fold the facing page back and check your work for errors. Capitalization Rule #3: Ex. 1 ______Ex. 2 ______

Capitalization Rule #4: Ex. 1 ______Ex. 2 ______Ex. 3 ______

Quiz: Oral: Recite* written (Dictation on blank paper): □ capitalization rules #3-4 □ capitalization rules #3-4 Examples

*Memorization optional lesson 2: capitalization 1513 LESSON 6: Sentences

Review Recitation: □ Capitalization Rules #1-10 Lesson: *Grammar Question #1: What is a sentence? A sentence is a group of words expressing a complete thought. Ex. Charlotte is a spider. *Grammar Question #2: What are the two parts of every sentence? The two parts of every sentence are the subject and the predicate. *Grammar Question #3: What is a subject? The subject tells who or what the sentence is about. Use the definitions in #3-4 to ask questions when analyzing sentences Ex. charlotte is a spider. Charlotte is the subject and fragments in Practice A-C. *Grammar Question #4: What is a predicate? The predicate tells what the subject is or does.

Ex. 1 Charlotteis a spider. is a spider tells what Charlotte is

Ex. 2 Charlotteeats insects. eats insects tells what Charlotte does

copywoRk: Grammar Question #1: ______Answer: ______Ex. ______

Grammar Question #2: ______Answer: ______

Grammar Question #3: ______Answer: ______Ex. ______

Grammar Question #4: ______Answer: ______Ex. 1 ______Ex. 2 ______

1426 Lesson 6: Sentences prACtiCe A : Write sentence beside each sentence and fragment beside each fragment. (A fragment does not have a subject and verb.) ______1.Sentence i like to play checkers. ______2.Fragment The little girl in the pink dress. ______3.Sentence We ate the delicious pie. ______4.Sentence Joshua raced across the lawn. ______5.Fragment Bouncing up and down. ______6.Fragment the green chair with the brown cushion. ______7.Sentence Mrs. logan laughed. ______8.Fragment grapes and avocados. ______9.Fragment Wagged his tail. ______10.Fragment Walked across the rugged terrain. prACtiCe B: Put a dividing line between the subject and predicate. The dividing line will usually come right before the verb. 1. Joseph|journeyed to Egypt. 2. the young lady|sat on the bench. 3. god|made the sun, moon, and stars. 4. Paul|preached the good news. 5. The beautiful flowers|bloom in early spring. prACtiCe C: draw a dividing line between the subject and predicate. 1. Mother|loaded the vehicle. 2. gina|planned a surprise party. 3. the trees|lost their leaves. 4. Brett|worked diligently on his lesson. 5. the oldest child|helps the younger ones. orAL Quiz: Recite answers with examples. □ grammar Questions #1-4

lesson 6: sentences 27 15 UniT iii REViEW: Pronouns, adjectives, & adverbs

review reCitAtion: □ grammar Questions #15-23

prACtiCe A : Choose descriptive adjectives to complete the following sentences. (Answers will vary.) 1. the ______Answers will vary. girls packed their suitcases. 2. We waited for the ______train. 3. ______boys were chasing a dog. 4. he raises ______horses. 5. We ate the ______ice cream.

prACtiCe B: write three adjectives to describe each noun. (Answers will vary.) 1. fox 3. infant ______Answers will vary. ______2. gentleman 4. table ______

1650 unit iii review: Pronouns, adjectives, & adverbs Practice c: Replace the word(s) in italics with the appropriate pronoun. 1. The baby boy ______He was born on December 3, 2011. 2. Will Mrs. Jackson ______she return our quizzes today? 3. We are making the final preparations for the banquet ______it . 4. Erin gave Susan ______her some of the peach. 5. The teacher asked Alex, Noah, and Evan ______them to clean their desks. 6. Will you please answer the telephone ______it ? 7. The dogwood trees ______They are in bloom. 8. Gavin and Ashton played with Rebecca and me ______us . 9. Jesus spoke to his disciples ______them about his crucifixion. 10. Megan ______She will prepare the agenda for our meeting.

Practice D: For each italicized adverb, tell which question it answers. 1. The professor entered the 4. The strong horses efficiently pulled the classroom calmly. heavy load. ______how (manner) ______how (manner) 2. The package arrived yesterday. 5. Their playful dog stays outside. ______when ______where 3. The ice cream melted quickly. ______how (manner)

Practice e: Choose adverbs to complete the following sentences. (Answers will vary.) 1. The student ______Answers will vary. answered the question. 2. We worked on the art project ______. 3. The flowers ______wilted. 4. Erica sings ______. 5. The beautiful painting was hung ______.

Oral test: Recite answers with examples. □ Grammar Questions #15-23

Unit III Review: Pronouns, Adjectives, & Adverbs 5117 Don’t Know Much About the 50 States, p. 29 Massachusetts Abbreviation (postal) ______MA Capital ______Boston Nickname ______The Bay State Fun Facts ______

A t l a New Hampshire n t i Vermont c O c e a n

New York

Rhode Island Connecticut

11

18 Don’t Know Much About the 50 States, p. 48 Rhode Island Abbreviation (postal) ______RI Capital ______Providence Nickname ______The Ocean State Fun Facts ______

Massachusetts

Massachusetts

Connecticut

e a n O c c t i n l a t A

12

19 Here is a list of the 15 brightest stars in the northern sky, along with the constellations they are in and the seasons in which they appear. Memorize five of these each week for the next three weeks. You will learn more about their constellations as you move through the course. (Pronunciation Guide on p. 164.)

Star Constellation Season (in order of brightness)

1 Sirius Canis Major / Bigger Dog Winter

2 Arcturus BoÖtes / Herdsman Spring

3 Vega Lyra / Lyre Summer-Fall

4 Capella Auriga / Charioteer Winter

5 Rigel Orion Winter

6 Procyon Canis Minor / Smaller Dog Winter

7 Betelgeuse Orion Winter

8 Altair Aquila / Eagle Summer-Fall

9 Aldebaran Taurus / Bull Winter

10 Antares Scorpius / Scorpion Summer-Fall

11 Spica Virgo / Maiden Spring

12 Pollux Gemini / Twins Winter

13 Fomalhaut Piscis Austrinus / Southern Fish Summer-Fall

14 Deneb Cygnus / Swan Summer-Fall

15 Regulus Leo / Lion Spring

20 Summer-Fall: The Summer Triangle Cygnus Swan

Deneb

Summer Triangle

Vega

Lyra Lyre

Altair

Aquila Eagle

An asterism is a pattern of stars, as seen in the night sky from Earth, that is not one of the official constellations. It may include stars within a single constellation or from several constellations. The Summer Triangle is an asterism in the form of a triangle with the stars Altair, Deneb, and Vega at its corners. These are the brightest stars in the constellations Aquila, Cygnus, and Lyra, respectively. The Summer Triangle can be seen overhead in the northern sky during the summer months. It can also be seen during spring in the early morning, and in the evening during autumn.

21 Cygnus (Swan)

Cygnus Swan

Deneb

Summer Triangle

Vega

Lyra Lyre

Deneb

Altair

Aquila Eagle

Northern Cross

Cygnus is a Latinized Greek word meaning "swan," and has been identified with several swans of Greek mythology. Zeus disguised himself as a swan to seduce Leda (D'Aulaires' Book of Greek Myths, p. 182), Orpheus was transformed into a swan, and King Cygnus was transformed into a swan. In the figure, you can see the swan’s broad wings in flight, behind its head and long neck. A prominent feature of Cygnus is the asterism known as the Northern Cross, formed by the five brightest stars in the constellation

22 Exercise. Draw the constellation, label the brightest star, and give the Latin and English names for the constellation.

15 Brightest Stars Constellation 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

23 LESSON 6 LESSON 6: The Sacrifi ce of Isaac| A Wife for Isaac Golden Children’s Bible: pp. 42-47 (Genesis 22-24) BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY THE SACRIFICE OF ISAAC (GENESIS 22) in the ancient world, all religions After all these things had happened, God tested Abraham. he said to Abraham, “take your only son, Isaac, whom you love, and off er him as a sacrifi ce at a place in the mountains that I will point out practiced animal sacrifice. People to you.” Abraham got up early the next morning, saddled his donkey, and took his son, isaac, to the sacrificed the best animals that they place in the mountains God had shown. He brought wood along for the fi re. he had traveled for three days when he told the two young men he had brought along as helpers to had to their gods. Eventually human stay behind with the donkey. he said he wanted to worship with his son farther ahead. he gave isaac the wood to carry, and he himself took fi re and a knife. and child sacrifice became widespread Isaac said, “I see the wood and the fi re, but where is the lamb for the burnt off ering?” Abraham among wicked populations. Baal said, “God will provide a lamb.” When they reached the designated spot, Abraham built an altar. he arranged the wood. he then tied isaac up and placed him upon the wood on the altar. he picked up worship, including human sacrifice, was the knife and was about to use it to kill his son. dominant in the land of Canaan. At the last minute, the angel of the Lord called from the sky, “Abraham, Abraham. do not harm your son. God knows now that your devotion to him is true.” As Abraham looked, he saw a ram caught in Scripture addresses human sacrifice a thicket by its horns. Abraham took the ram and sacrifi ced it in place of his son. Abraham called that place Jehovah-jireh, meaning “the Lord will provide,” as it was known thereafter. in this story. the lesson is that while an The angel of the Lord called to Abraham a second time, “Because you were willing to sacrifi ce your almighty God could require the ultimate son, the Lord blesses you and guarantees that you shall have more off spring than can be counted. Yours will be the seed for all the nations of the earth, because you have obeyed the Lord.” sacrifice of a child, the God of Heaven So Abraham and isaac returned to the young men, and they all went together to the town of accepts the substitute of a lamb. the Beersheba, where Abraham lived from then on. meaning of this story becomes complete FACTS TO KNOW with Jesus, the Lamb of God. God, in 1. Rebekah: wife of isaac His mercy, sacrifices His own son, rather 2. Laban: rebekah’s brother than asking us to sacrifice our children. 3. Nahor: Abraham’s brother 4. burnt off ering: an animal burned as a sacrifi ce to God the writer of hebrews commends the MEMORY VERSE faith of Abraham because he truly relied

upon the promise of God for all things, GENESIS 22:7-8 even what he thought was impossible And Isaac spake unto Abraham his father and said, Behold the fi re and the wood: but where is the (hebrews 11:17-19)! in this light, we lamb? And Abraham said, My son, God will provide himself a lamb for a burnt off ering. can see how the story of the attempted sacrifice of Isaac displays beautifully the 1. What great act of sacrifi ce was Abraham willing to perform for God? full-grown faith of Abraham; the “father Abraham was willing to sacrifi ce his own son. of multitudes” was in the act of offering 2. Abraham told Isaac that God would provide a lamb for the sacrifi ce. What lamb did God provide? God provided a lamb in the thicket for the sacrifi ce, as a substitute for Isaac. up the only descendant he would ever 3. What did John the Baptist call Jesus in John 1:29? see. Abraham had learned to fully rely John said, “Behold the Lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world.”

on the promise of God. 26 Lesson 6: The Sacrifi ce of Isaac| A Wife for Isaac Selected Reading: • Hebrews 11:17-19 for Abraham’s faith in the potential sacrifice of Isaac. • John 1:29 for John the Baptist’s announcement of Jesus as the Lamb of God.

BOOKS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT See instructions in the teaching Guidelines (Books of the Old testament). (See Appendix for a full list of the book subtitles.) Teach: • Genesis: Book of Beginnings • Exodus: Deliverance from Egyptian Bondage • Leviticus: Book of the Law • Numbers: Wilderness Wanderings • Deuteronomy: Second Book of the Law

TEACHER NOTE Spiritual Lesson: No matter how dark and despairing your situation, trust in the Lord; he will provide.

2426 Lesson 6 Questions to Mark for Review BOOKS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT • Genesis & Mastery: • Exodus Students should mark the following items in their study • Leviticus guides, which they will be responsible for on their test: • Numbers • Deuteronomy Facts to Know: #1, 2, 4 Activities: #1 COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS

1. How did God reward Abraham for his faithfulness? ______God gave Abraham so many off spring

______that he became the father of many nations.

______

______

2. What did Abraham ask his servant to do for him? ______Abraham asked his servant to go to

______Haran, where Abraham had come from and where his relatives still lived, to choose a

______wife for Isaac. (p. 42)

______

3. Where specifi cally did Abraham’s servant go to fi nd a wife for Isaac? ______His servant went to

______Mesopotamia, to the city of Nahor, in Haran. (p. 43)

______

______

4. How was the servant to know whom God intended for Isaac? ______When the servant said, “Let

______down your pitcher, so that I may drink,” Isaac’s intended would say, “Drink! And I will

______give your camels a drink also.” (p. 44)

______

GEOGRAPHY 1. Find on Unit 1 Map 1A: □ Mesopotamia □ Euphrates River □ Tigris River □ Haran (Nahor)

Lesson 6: The Sacrifi ce of Isaac| A Wife for Isaac 27

ACTIVITIES • pp. 42-43: Identify Abraham and his servant. What is Abraham asking the servant to do? How many camels did the servant take? Abraham is asking his servant to go back to their homeland and seek a wife for Isaac. The servant packed ten camels. • pp. 44-45: How did people obtain water for their needs? Describe what is happening. Women went to the community well and drew up water and filled their pitchers or jars. Abraham’s servant meets Rebekah, who gives him a drink and also water for his camels. • p. 46: What is Rebekah holding? What is she telling her mother? Rebekah is holding the gold bracelet that Abraham’s servant gave her. Rebekah is telling her mother about the stranger she met at the well who is the servant of her father’s relatives. • p. 47: Who are meeting for the first time in this picture? Rebekah descends from her camel, veils her face, and comes to meet her future husband, Isaac.

Lesson 6 2725 UNIT 2 MAP A

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2640 unit 2 Map A