DOCSLIB.ORG

WORLD MISSION an Analysis of the World Christian Movement SECOND EDITION Full Revision of the Original Work

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
WORLD MISSION an Analysis of the World Christian Movement SECOND EDITION Full Revision of the Original Work WORLD MISSION An Analysis of the World Christian Movement SECOND EDITION Full revision of the original work Cross-Cultural Considerations Part Three of a Manual in Three Parts Jonathan Lewis, Ph.D., Editor WILLIAM CAREY LIBRARY Pasadena, California © 1987, 1994 by CBF Mission Services, Portland, OR All rights reserved. This manual may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose, without the express written consent of the publisher. Translation into other languages must be conducted under contract from the publisher. Published by: William Carey Library, P.O. Box 40129, Pasadena, CA 91114, telephone (818) 798-0819 ISBN 0-87808-239-5 Printed in the United States of America Editor: Jonathan Lewis, Ph.D. Assistant Editors: Meg Crossman and Stephen Hoke, Ph.D. Technical Editor: Susan Peterson Assistants: Joe Varela and Patrick Roseman Illustrators: John Devine and Dawn Lewis Acknowledgments Many of the articles and excerpts in this manual are found in the mission anthology Perspectives on the World Christian Movement: A Reader (revised edition), edited by Ralph Winter and Steven Hawthorne and published by William Carey Library. We are heavily indebted to the editors of this anthology for their encouragement in the production of this course. We would especially like to thank Dr. Ralph Winter for his inspiration and genius as the originator of this course, and we recognize his tireless efforts on behalf of the unreached peoples of the world. A special note of appreciation also goes to the Perspectives course office in Pasadena, California, which has cooperated fully in the re-edition process, in the hope of greater compatibility with their popular extension course. My heartfelt thanks go to my assistant editors, Meg Crossman and Dr. Stephen T. Hoke. Meg’s advocacy and use of the World Mission manuals in the Arizona Perspectives courses provided a wealth of insights for improving the material. Her contributions are reflected primarily in the first two volumes. Steve Hoke, veteran missions lecturer, was of invaluable help in improving the third volume. His knowledge, insights, and ready assistance are very much appreciated. Most of the credit for the technical production of this work goes to Susan Peterson. Her long hours of formatting, proofreading, indexing, and producing the figures and tables speak eloquently for themselves. We gratefully acknowledge Joe Varela and Pat Roseman, who assisted Susan in these tasks. We have kept many of John Devine’s and Dawn Lewis’s illustrations from the first edition. Thank you all for your marvelous help. May it advance the expansion of God’s kingdom to the ends of the earth. Jonathan Lewis, Editor January 1994 Other Course Materials by the Editor • World Mission Leader’s Guide. An aid to those who want to organize and conduct a study group utilizing these manuals. It includes suggestions for promotion and organization of the course, as well as sample answers to each of the questions in the texts. An appendix gives useful helps on group dynamics. Available from William Carey Library. • Misión Mundial: Un Análisis del Movimiento Cristiano Mundial (3 volumes). • Guia para el tutor del grupo de estudio de: Misión Mundial (3 volumes). • Video de Misión Mundial (3 videos, 5 hours total). The Second Edition of the Spanish manuals, accompanying leader’s guide, and the lecture videos are available from Unilit, 1360 N.W. 88th Ave., Miami, FL 33172. Please contact the publisher for other language editions under production. • Working Your Way to the Nations: A Guide to Effective Tentmaking. A 12-lesson course for use by local churches in guiding the preparation of cross-cultural “tentmaking” missionaries. Available from William Carey Library. Editions of this strategic course in Korean, Spanish, and Portuguese are under production. PART 3 CROSS-CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS Page Preface to the Second Edition . iv Organization and Use of This Manual . iv Chapter 11: Mission and Culture . 11-1 I. Identification . 11-2 II. Understanding Culture . 11-11 III. Missionary: Agent of Change . 11-23 Chapter 12: Becoming a Belonger . 12-1 I. Bonding . 12-1 II. Roles and Expectations . 12-12 III. Occupational Identity and Lifestyle . 12-23 Chapter 13: Keys to Communication . 13-1 I. Intercultural Communication . 13-1 II. Putting on Worldview Glasses . 13-12 III. Finding the Keys . 13-23 Chapter 14: Church Growth and Social Structures . 14-1 I. Status, Roles, and Communication . 14-2 II. Reaching the City . 14-11 III. The Church in Culture . 14-21 Chapter 15: World Christian Teamwork . 15-1 I. Teaming Up With God . 15-2 II. Teaming Up in the Local Church . 15-12 III. Global Partnerships . 15-22 Subject Index . 15-35 Author Index . 15-38 iii Preface to the Second Edition We live in a rapidly changing world. These changes affect the way the advancing World Christian Movement perceives its mandate and carries out its task. The Second Edition of World Mission has tried to analyze these trends and incorporate their discussion into the text. Two Thirds World missions, reaching rapidly expanding cities, mission to the world’s poor and destitute, the 10/40 window, strategic partnerships, church/mission tension—these and other current issues are woven into the discussion of the biblical, historical, strategic, and cross-cultural foundation of missions, improving and strengthening these basic themes. The editors have worked closely with the Perspectives office at the U.S. Center for World Mission in Pasadena, California, to assure that these manuals are suited for students participating in their extension courses. Questions have been improved, and the research assignment has been redesigned to enhance the application of the end-product. Useful indexes and an appendix have also been added. Organization and Use of This Manual World Mission: An Analysis of the World Christian Movement is a manual that can be used by study groups in a formal or informal educational setting. The manual is in three parts, each being a separate unit. • Part One, The Biblical/Historical Foundation, examines the roots of world mission, including its origin and its development through the ages. • Part Two, The Strategic Dimension, defines the remaining mission task and the strategies necessary to reach the unreached. • Part Three, Cross-Cultural Considerations, explores the challenge of cross-cultural communication of the gospel. Each of the 15 chapters of this manual is divided into three study units. Each unit develops a distinct concept and relates it to the material studied in preceding units. Questions interspersed throughout the text direct the reader’s attention to key points and stimulate reflection on the readings. Each chapter ends with two sections of questions. The first section, Integrative Assignment, is designed to help the reader assimilate the material studied. The questions invite the student to do further research and encourage the development of the student’s abilities to communicate what is learned. Study groups should use these questions for group discussion. In Part Two of the manual, an “Unreached Peoples” research project is incorporated into the Integrative Assignment. This fascinating project will require extra time and effort from the student. The second section of questions, Questions for Reflection, asks for a response to personal and spiritual issues raised by the readings. We recommend that each student enter his or her thoughts either in the workbook or in a personal diary. We also suggest that a devotional time be provided during each group session to share these comments. iv CHAPTER 11 Mission and Culture n order to have an effective cross-cultural ministry, missionaries must first of all be students of Iculture—that is, of the way a particular people organize their world. Culture is an integrated system of beliefs (about God or reality or ultimate meaning), of values (about what is true, good, beautiful, and normative), of customs (how to behave, relate to others, talk, pray, dress, work, play, trade, farm, eat, etc.), and of institutions which express these beliefs, values, and customs (government, law courts, temples or churches, family, schools, hospitals, factories, shops, unions, clubs, etc.), which binds a society together and gives it a sense of identity, dignity, security, and continuity.* Effective missionaries identify with the culture. Through an intimate knowledge of the people, missionaries see the world as the people see it and experience life as they do. We have no better example of this identification than Jesus Christ Himself. He left His home in glory to become a vulnerable, dependent human infant. He knew hunger and thirst, poverty and oppression. He experienced rejection, anger, and loss. He wept. His experience of human nature gave Him the tremendous insight He manifested during His earthly sojourn (Heb. 2:17) and provided a relational platform for powerful ministry. Like Christ, cross-cultural missionaries must seek to understand the people they hope to reach with the gospel. They must strive to gain the people’s perspective on life and to identify wholeheartedly with them. In a unique way, cross-cultural missionaries stand as intercessors and advocates for the unreached group with whom they are identified (1 Pet. 2:9). This chapter will address issues surrounding successful identification and other aspects of cross-cultural interaction. We will also consider how missionaries function as “agents of change” within a culture. * Lausanne Committee for World Evangelization. (1978). The Willowbank report: Gospel and culture (Lausanne Occasional Papers No. 2, p. 7). Wheaton, IL: Author. 11-1 11-2 Cross-Cultural Considerations I. Identification When we think of identification, images of Hudson Taylor in native Chinese dress and a braided pigtail come to mind. Heart-to-heart identification, however, is much more than adopting dress and customs. It is the result of a sequence of actions based on attitudes.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Early Proceedings of the Association of Professors of Mission. Vol 1
    --APM-- Early Proceedings of Te Association of Professors of Mission Volume I Biennial Meetings from 1956 to 1958 First Fruits Press Wilmore, Ky 2015 Early Proceedings of the Association of Professors of Mission. First Fruits Press, © 2018 ISBN: 9781621715610 (vol. 1 print), 9781621715627 (vol. 1 digital), 9781621715634 (vol. 1 kindle) 9781621713265 (vol. 2 print), 9781621713272 (vol. 2 digital), 9781621713289 (vol. 2 kindle) Digital versions at (vol. 1) http://place.asburyseminary.edu/academicbooks/26/ (vol. 2) http://place.asburyseminary.edu/academicbooks/27/ First Fruits Press is a digital imprint of the Asbury Theological Seminary, B.L. Fisher Library. Asbury Theological Seminary is the legal owner of the material previously published by the Pentecostal Publishing Co. and reserves the right to release new editions of this material as well as new material produced by Asbury Theological Seminary. Its publications are available for noncommercial and educational uses, such as research, teaching and private study. First Fruits Press has licensed the digital version of this work under the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial 3.0 United States License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/us/. For all other uses, contact: First Fruits Press B.L. Fisher Library Asbury Theological Seminary 204 N. Lexington Ave. Wilmore, KY 40390 http://place.asburyseminary.edu/firstfruits Early proceedings of the Association of Professors of Mission. Wilmore, KY : First Fruits Press, ©2018. 2 volumes ; cm. Reprint. Previously published: [Place of Publication not identified] : Association of Professors of Mission, 1956-1974. Volume 1. 1956 to 1958 – volume 2. 1962 to 1974.
    [Show full text]
  • Forest Partnerships Enhancing Local Livelihoods and Protecting the Environment in Southeast Asia and the Pacific
    IUCN The World Conservation Union Forest Partnerships Enhancing local livelihoods and protecting the environment in Southeast Asia and the Pacific Edited by Maria Osbeck and Marisha Wojciechowska-Shibuya IUCN The World Conservation Union The designation of geographical entities in this report, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN. Published by: The World Conservation Union (IUCN), Asia Regional Office Copyright: © 2007 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorized without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of this publication for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. Citation: Osbeck, M., Wojciechowska-Shibuya, M. (Eds) (2007). Forest Partnerships. Enhancing local livelihoods and protecting the environment in Southeast Asia and the Pacific. IUCN, Bangkok, Thailand. 48pp. ISBN: 978-2-8317-1011-2 Cover design by: IUCN Asia Regional Office Cover photos: Local people, Papua New Guinea. A woman transports a basketful of baked sago from a pit oven back to Rhoku village. Sago is a common subsistence crop in Papua New Guinea. Western Province, Papua New Guinea. December 2004 CREDIT: © Brent Stirton / Getty Images / WWF-UK Layout by: Michael Dougherty Produced by: IUCN Asia Regional Office Printed by: Clung Wicha Press Co., Ltd.
    [Show full text]
  • Sorcery and Animism in a South Pacific Melanesian Context 2
    Humble: Sorcery and Animism in a South Pacific Melanesian Context 2 GRAEME J. HUMBLE Sorcery and Animism in a South Pacific Melanesian Context We had just finished our weekly shopping in a major grocery store in the city of Lae, Papua New Guinea (PNG). The young female clerk at the checkout had scanned all our items but for some reason the EFTPOS ma- chine would not accept payment from my bank’s debit card. After repeat- edly swiping my card, she jokingly quipped that sanguma (sorcery) must be causing the problem. Evidently the electronic connection between our bank and the store’s EFTPOS terminal was down, so we made alternative payment arrangements, collected our groceries, and went on our way. On reflection, the checkout clerk’s apparently flippant comment indi- cated that a supernatural perspective of causality was deeply embedded in her world view. She echoed her wider society’s “existing beliefs among Melanesians that there was always a connection between the physical and the spiritual, especially in the area of causality” (Longgar 2009:317). In her reality, her belief in the relationship between the supernatural and life’s events was not merely embedded in her world view, it was, in fact, integral to her world view. Darrell Whiteman noted that “Melanesian epistemology is essentially religious. Melanesians . do not live in a compartmentalized world of secular and spiritual domains, but have an integrated world view, in which physical and spiritual realities dovetail. Melanesians are a very religious people, and traditional religion played a dominant role in the affairs of men and permeated the life of the commu- nity” (Whiteman 1983:64, cited in Longgar 2009:317).
    [Show full text]
  • Anthropology, Missiological Anthropology. the Relationship
    Anthropology, Missiological Anthropology Anthropology, Missiological Anthropology. sions, where Willoughby taught from 1919 and The relationship between anthropology and Smith lectured from 1939 to 1943, little was world missions has been a long and profitable done to provide anthropological instruction for one with the benefits flowing both ways. Though missionaries before World War II. Wheaton Col- for philosophical reasons recent generations of lege (Illinois) had begun an anthropology depart- anthropologists have tended to be very critical of ment, and the WYCLIFFE BIBLE TRANSLATORS’ Sum- missionaries, much of the data used by profes- mer Institute of Linguistics, though primarily sional anthropologists from earliest days has focused on LINGUISTICS, was serving to alert come from missionaries. Anthropological pio- many to the need to take culture seriously. neers such as E. B. Tylor (1832–1917) and J. G. Though Gordon Hedderly Smith had pub- Frazer (1854–1954) in England, L. H. Morgan lished The Missionary and Anthropology in 1945, (1818–82) in the United States, and Wilhelm it was EUGENE NIDA who sparked the movement Schmidt (1868–1954) in Austria were greatly in- to make anthropology a major component in debted to missionaries for the data from which missionary thinking. He used his position as sec- they constructed their theories. Such early an- retary for translations of the American Bible So- thropological pioneers as R. H. Codrington (1830– ciety to demonstrate to missionaries and their 1922), Lorimer Fison (1832–1907), Diedrich Wes- leaders the value of anthropological insight. His termann (1875–1956), H. A. Junod (1863–1934), lectures on anthropological topics in the 1940s and Edwin Smith (1876–1957) were missionaries and early 1950s, published as Customs and Cul- for part or all of their careers.
    [Show full text]
  • Boats to Burn: Bajo Fishing Activity in the Australian Fishing Zone
    Asia-Pacific Environment Monograph 2 BOATS TO BURN: BAJO FISHING ACTIVITY IN THE AUSTRALIAN FISHING ZONE Asia-Pacific Environment Monograph 2 BOATS TO BURN: BAJO FISHING ACTIVITY IN THE AUSTRALIAN FISHING ZONE Natasha Stacey Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at: http://epress.anu.edu.au/boats_citation.html National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Stacey, Natasha. Boats to burn: Bajo fishing activity in the Australian fishing zone. Bibliography. ISBN 9781920942946 (pbk.) ISBN 9781920942953 (online) 1. Bajau (Southeast Asian people) - Fishing. 2. Territorial waters - Australia. 3. Fishery law and legislation - Australia. 4. Bajau (Southeast Asian people) - Social life and customs. I. Title. (Series: Asia-Pacific environment monograph; 2). 305.8992 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design by Duncan Beard. Cover photographs: Natasha Stacey. This edition © 2007 ANU E Press Table of Contents Foreword xi Acknowledgments xv Abbreviations xix 1. Contested Rights of Access 1 2. Bajo Settlement History 7 3. The Maritime World of the Bajo 31 4. Bajo Voyages to the Timor Sea 57 5. Australian Maritime Expansion 83 6. Bajo Responses to Australian Policy 117 7. Sailing, Fishing and Trading in 1994 135 8. An Evaluation of Australian Policy 171 Appendix A. Sources on Indonesian Fishing in Australian Waters 195 Appendix B. Memorandum of Understanding Between the Government of Australia and the Government of the Republic of Indonesia Regarding the Operations of Indonesian Traditional Fishermen in Areas of the Australian Exclusive Fishing Zone and Continental Shelf (7 November 1974) 197 Appendix C.
    [Show full text]
  • Remembering Don Richardson
    MISSION FRONTIERS MAR/APR 2019 Remembering Don Richardson June 23, 1935–December 23, 2018 Tribute to a Pioneer Missionary, Author & Great Commission Statesman runner all his life, missionary influencer and Don’s third book, Eternity in Their Hearts, documented pace-setter Don Richardson completed his life’s how the concept of a supreme God has existed for centuries race in Orlando, Florida, ten months after his in hundreds of cultures around the world. The book soon diagnosis with brain cancer. became “required reading” in seminaries and Bible colleges. A Christians worldwide were inspired afresh by the notion The oldest of four boys, Don spent his early years in that God has “prepared the gospel for the world,” and “the Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island. His father moved world for the gospel.” the family to Victoria, British Columbia, in the hopes of securing a more promising future for them, before his own In 1977 Don began serving as World Team’s minister- death to Hodgkin’s disease when Don was 11. Don’s life at-large, speaking at dozens of events each year in North direction was set as a teen when he gave his life to Christ at America and worldwide. The Richardsons moved to a 1952 Youth for Christ rally. He subsequently met Carol Pasadena, CA, joining Ralph and Roberta Winter to assist Joy Soderstrom while training for ministry at Prairie Bible in the founding of the U.S. Center for World Mission. With Institute in Alberta. They were lovingly married for 43 the emergence of the “Perspectives on the World Christian years until her death in 2004.
    [Show full text]
  • 01-14.Qxp 5.5 X 8.5 Starter 5/23/13 8:53 AM Page 1 Don Richardson, Peace Child Bethany House, a Division of Baker Publishing
    01-14.qxp_5.5 x 8.5 starter 5/23/13 8:53 AM Page 1 5 Don Richardson, Peace Child Bethany House, a division of Baker Publishing Group, © 2005. Used by permission. 01-14_5.indd 16 7/23/14 1:20 PM © 2005 by Don Richardson Published by Bethany House Publishers 11400 Hampshire Avenue South Bloomington, Minnesota 55438 www.bethanyhouse.com Bethany House Publishers is a division of Baker Publishing Group, Grand Rapids, Michigan Bethany House edition published 2014 ISBN 978-0-7642-1561-2 Third Edition, 1976 Fourth Edition, 2005 Previously published by Regal Books Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—for example, electronic, photocopy, recording—without the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews. The Library of Congress has cataloged the original edition as follows: Richardson, Don. Peace child / Don Richardson.—4th ed. p. cm. ISBN 0-8307-3784-7 (trade paper) 1. Sawi (Indonesian people)—Missions. I. Title. BV3373.S3R5 2005 266’.009951—dc22 2005013901 Photos on pages 236 and 238 by Don Richardson. Other photos by Fred Roberts. Readers interested in assisting World Team’s international work force in their spiritual, medical and educational labors in developing countries should contact: World Team 1431 Stuckert Rd. P.O. Box 217, Ringwood East Warrington, PA 18976 Victoria, 3135 U.S.A. Australia 7570 Danbro Cr. www.worldteam.org Mississauga, ON L5N 6P9 Canada 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Don Richardson, Peace Child Bethany House, a division of Baker Publishing Group, © 2005.
    [Show full text]
  • MJT 19-2 Full OK
    Melanesian Journal of Theology 19-2 (2003) TRADITIONAL TOABAITAN METHODS OF FORGIVENESS AND RECONCILIATION James Ofasia James has ministered for many years in Melanesia, serving as Principal of Kaotave Bible and Vocational School in Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, as pastor of South Seas Evangelical churches in New Mala, Western Solomons, and Tulgi, Ngela Island, and as Chaplain of Suu High School on Malaita. Currently he is Pastoral Assistant to the Principal of the Christian Leaders’ Training College (CLTC) in Papua New Guinea. James holds a B.Th. from CLTC. INTRODUCTION Division is a very real problem in the world today: divisions among nations, and divisions among Christians. There are many broken relationships that are left unsolved, and no one dares to care about these broken relationships. In Melanesia, many types of problems, related to divisions, exist: clan problems, racial discrimination, and political injustice. As a Melanesian Christian leader, what am I to do? Do I have something to contribute toward resolving these situations? I feel strongly that the message and ministry of forgiveness and reconciliation is very urgent, and is appropriate for the Melanesian world today.1 My goal in this article is threefold:2 1.To give help to those who are in leadership positions, and who encounter problems in this area in their ministry. 2.To give guidance to those who wish to do some study on the subject. 3.To give help to Christians who wish to live in right relationships with fellow Christian believers, but have problems in the area of forgiveness and reconciliation. 1 Penuel Ben Indusulia, “Biblical Sacrifice Through Melanesian Eyes”, in Living Theology in Melanesia, Point 8 (1985), p.
    [Show full text]
  • Adopt-A-People. It Is Difficult to Sustain A
    AIDS and Mission Adopt-a-People. It is difficult to sustain a mis- birth has declined—to 37 years in Uganda, for sion focus on the billions of people in the world example, the lowest global life expectancy. By or even on the multitudes of languages and cul- 2010 a decline of 25 years in life expectancy is tures in a given country. Adopt-a-people is a mis- predicted for a number of African and Asian sion mobilization strategy that helps Christians countries. In Zimbabwe it could reduce life ex- get connected with a specific group of people pectancy from 70 to 40 years in the next 15 who are in spiritual need. It focuses on the goal years. Sub-saharan Africa, with less than 10 per- of discipling a particular people group (see PEO- cent of the world’s population, has 70 percent of PLES, PEOPLE GROUPS), and sees the sending of the world’s population infected with HIV. missionaries as one of the important means to Asia, the world’s most populous region, is fulfill that goal. poised as the next epicenter of the epidemic. Ini- Adopt-a-people was conceptualized to help tially spread in the region primarily by drug in- congregations focus on a specific aspect of the jection and men having sex with men, heterosex- GREAT COMMISSION. It facilitates the visualization ual transmission is now the primary cause of of the real needs of other people groups, enables infection. It is expected that child mortality in the realization of tangible accomplishments, de- Thailand, where the sex-tourism industry has fu- velops and sustains involvement, and encourages eled the epidemic, will triple in the next 15 years more meaningful and focused prayer.
    [Show full text]
  • A New Classification of Indonesia's
    A New Classification of Indonesia’s Ethnic Groups (Based on the 2010 Population Census) ISEAS Working Paper #1 2014 By: Aris Ananta Nur Budi Handayani Email: [email protected] Senior Research Fellow, ISEAS Researcher Statistics-Indonesia Evi Nurvidya Arifin (BPS) Visiting Fellow, ISEAS Agus Pramono M Sairi Hasbullah Researcher Head Statistics-Indonesia Statistics-Indonesia (BPS) (BPS) Province of East Java Province of East Java 1 The ISEAS Working Paper Series is published electronically by the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. © Copyright is held by the author or authors of each Working Paper. Papers in this series are preliminary in nature and are intended to stimulate discussion and criti- cal comment. The Editorial Committee accepts no responsibility for facts presented and views expressed, which rests exclusively with the individual author or authors. No part of this publication may be produced in any form without permission. Comments are welcomed and may be sent to the author(s) Citations of this electronic publication should be made in the following manner: Author(s), “Title,” ISEAS Working Paper on “…”, No. #, Date, www.iseas.edu.sg Series Chairman Tan Chin Tiong Series Editor Lee Hock Guan Editorial Committee Ooi Kee Beng Daljit Singh Terence Chong Francis E. Hutchinson Institute of Southeast Asian Studies 30, Heng Mui Keng Terrace Pasir Panjang Singapore 119614 Main Tel: (65) 6778 0955 Main Fax: (65) 6778 1735 Homepage: www.iseas.edu.sg Introduction For the first time since achieving independence in 1945, data on Indonesia’s ethnicity was col- lected in the 2000 Population Census. The chance to understand ethnicity in Indonesia was fur- ther enhanced with the availability of the 2010 census which includes a very rich and complicated ethnic data set.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Focused Investments to Address Deforestation and Forest Degradation Project
    Safeguards Due Diligence Report Project Number: 47084-002 March 2021 Indonesia: Community Focused Investments to Address Deforestation and Forest Degradation Project For Sintang and Kapuas Hulu districts, West Kalimantan Province Prepared by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry for the Asian Development Bank. This safeguards due diligence report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the “terms of use” section of this website. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. ABBREVIATION ADB Asian Development Bank ANR Assisted Natural Regeneration BPHP Balai Pengelolaan Hutan Produksi BPSKL Balai Perhutanan Sosial dan Kemitraan Lingkungan CBE Community Based Ecotourism CBFM Community Based Forest Management EA Executing Agency FIP Forest Investment Program FMU Forest Management Unit GRM Grievance Redress Mechanisms IP Indigenous People IPP Indigenous People Plan KMHA Kesatuan Masyarakat Adat M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MHA Masyarakat Hukum Adat MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forestry NTFP Non-Timber Forest Product PCU Project Coordinator Unit PDD Project Design Document PJLHK Pemanfaatan Jasa lingkungan Hutan Konservasi PMU Project Management Unit PISU Project Implementation Supporting Unit Poskedes Pos Kesehatan Desa Posyandu Pos Pelayanan Terpadu PTHI PT Hatfield Indonesia REDD+ Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation SFM Sustainable Forest Management ToR Terms of Reference TNBKDS Taman Nasional Betung Kerihun dan Danau Sentarum CONTENTS Abbreviations i Contents ii List of Tables iii List of Figures v List of Appendix vi CHAPTER I: BACKGROUND AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION 1 1.
    [Show full text]
  • An Indigenous Agricultural Model from West Sumatra: a Source of Scientific Insight
    Agricultural Systems 26 (1988) 191-209 An Indigenous Agricultural Model from West Sumatra: A Source of Scientific Insight Carol J. Pierce Colfer* Department of' Agronomy and Soils, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA Dan W. Gill Soil Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27650, USA & Fahmuddin Agus Centre for Soils Research. Ji. Juanda 98, Bogor, Indonesia (Received 22 June 1987, accepted 27 July 1987) SUMMARY A long-c vcled, rice andrubber basedswidden system was investigatedamong the Minangkabau of Pulai. West Sumatra, in 1985-86, as part of the Tropsoils Project. This paperfirst describesthe conceptualframework used by- these people with regardto their land. The production and income that derive from their diverse agricultural activities are then discussed. Our conclusions are that (1) tree crops can be effectively and beneficially incorporatedinto a system that includes food crops, (2) diversifiedsystems make sense in these high risk environments and (3) both sexes areimportant in this kind of agriculture. We urge scientists to broaden their traditional researchparadigmso as to incorporateand improve on systems like the one describedhere. INTRODUCTION Agricultural research in the Humid Tropics has been conducted, by and large, using a conceptual model which assumes land scarcity, field crops, and . Present address: Ministry of Agriculture, DG Fisheries, MSFC, PO Box 467, Muscat, Oman. 191 Agricultural Systems 0308-521X/88/$03.50 () Elsevier Applied Science Publishers Ltd, England, 1988. Printed in Great Britain / 192 Carol J. Pierce Colfer, Dan W. Gill, Fahinuddin Agus labour intensive management by men. Recently, there has been some recognition that this model is, in many ways, inappropriate to the marginal, unirrigated upland areas where we are beginning Io work (e.g.
    [Show full text]