Kiladi Oro Vivineidi Ria Tingitonga Pa Idere Oro Pa Goana Pa Marovo
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Kiladi oro vivineidi ria tingitonga pa idere oro pa goana pa Marovo Edvard Hviding na kubere vekoi Reef and Rainforest Written by Edvard Hviding An Environmental Encyclopedia of Marovo Lagoon, Solomon Islands Kiladi oro vivineidi ria tingitonga pa idere oro pa goana pa Marovo Reef and Rainforest An Environmental Encyclopedia of Marovo Lagoon, Solomon Islands UNESCO – LINKS Kiladi oro vivineidi ria tingitonga pa idere oro pa goana pa Marovo Pa jinama Marovo oro jinama vaka, mana koe magomago, oro kilakila pa kalena tadiria scientist Reef and Rainforest An Environmental Encyclopedia of Marovo Lagoon, Solomon Islands In Marovo and English, with scientific identifications and colour illustrations Edvard Hviding Kiladi oro vivineidi ria tingitonga pa idere oro pa goana pa Marovo This book should be cited as: Hviding, Edvard. 2005. Reef and Rainforest: An Environmental Encyclopedia of Marovo Lagoon, Solomon Islands / Kiladi oro vivineidi ria tingitonga pa idere oro pa goana pa Marovo. Knowledges of Nature 1. UNESCO: Paris. 252 pp. (revised and expanded second edition of a book originally published in 1995) Cataloguing in Publication Data 1. Ecology – Solomon Islands 2. Human ecology – Solomon Islands 3. Ethnobiology – Solomon Islands – Marovo Lagoon 4. Ethnobotany – Solomon Islands – Marovo Lagoon 5. Food use – Solomon Islands – New Georgia 6. Marine resources – Solomon Islands 7. Forest resources – Solomon Islands 8. Coral reef biology – Solomon Islands 9. Rainforest botany – Solomon Islands 10. Marovo Lagoon (Solomon Islands) – Natural resources 11. Marovo (Solomon Islands people) – human ecology 12. Marovo (Solomon Islands language) Graphic & Cover design: Stéphane Rébillon Published and printed in 2005 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 7, place de Fontenoy F-75352 Paris 07 SP France ISBN 92-990041-0-2 © Copyright The People of Marovo and Edvard Hviding, 1995 / 2005 This edition © Copyright Edvard Hviding, 2005 All photographs by Edvard Hviding All rights reserved XXXXVI+206 pp., 20 / 25 cm, 4 maps and colour illustrations. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The authors are responsible for the choice and the presentation of the facts contained in this book and for the opinions expressed therein, which are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. This book has its foundations in work carried out by the author in 1986-1989 as part of the Marovo Lagoon Resource Management Project, a project of the Marovo people, initiated by the Marovo Area Council. The making of this book is a joint collaborative effort since 1986 by the Marovo people, the Western Province of Solomon Islands, the University of Bergen, and Edvard Hviding. Research for the book was supported by the Research Council of Norway, the University of Bergen, and the village communities of Marovo. Permission to conduct altogether three years of research in Marovo in 1986-87, 1989-90, 1991-92, 1994, 1996, 2003 and 2004 was given by the Solomon Islands Government, the Western Provincial Government, the Marovo Area Council, and the chiefs of different parts of Marovo. The printing (1995) and Marovo-wide free distribution (1996) of the first edition of the book was funded by the Centre for Development Studies, University of Bergen through a grant from the Research Council of Norway. This revised and expanded version has been produced and distributed for free with funding and support from UNESCO’s Local and Indigenous Knowledge Systems (LINKS) project. Additional support has been forthcoming from UNESCO’s Coastal Regions and Small Islands platform (CSI) as part of its contribution to ‘Enhancing linkages between cultural and biological diversities’. This book is not for sale but for free distribution by UNESCO. The author will not receive any royalties. Like its first edition, this book is printed for distribution to schools and villages in the Marovo Lagoon area, and to other interested people in Solomon Islands and elsewhere. The author’s address Professor Edvard Hviding, Department of Social Anthropology University of Bergen, Fosswinckels gate 6, N-5007 Bergen, Norway E-mail: [email protected] The Local and Indigenous Knowledge Systems (LINKS) project was created by UNESCO in 2002. Website: www.unesco.org/links (SC-2004/WS/54) VI Reef and Rainforest – An Environmental Encyclopedia of Marovo Lagoon, Solomon Islands FOREWORD Knowing and naming go hand in peoples as keepers of their resources, This revised and expanded version of hand. By understanding to what as the traditional owners of clan-based Reef and Rainforest: An Environmental people assign names in their natural territories on land and sea. It opens Encyclopedia of Marovo Lagoon is a environment and how these natural opportunities for a dialogue between contribution to UNESCO’s project on things are further clustered into Marovo knowledge holders and ‘Local and Indigenous Knowledge groups that are also named, we gain scientists and resource managers, Systems’ (LINKS). It is the first insights into the ways in which based, as a starting point, upon volume of a new publication series people think about and interact with acknowledging and showing mutual entitled Knowledges of Nature. the world around them. respect for each other’s words and knowledges of nature. Launched by UNESCO in 2002, For the non-Marovo reader, the LINKS project works with local Professor Edvard Hviding of the For the Marovo reader, the content knowledge holders to promote University of Bergen proposes a of this encyclopedia is familiar recognition of their expertise about voyage of discovery. It is a voyage territory. But the printed medium the local environment and reinforce that lays out not only the vastness of offers broader meanings and their role in biodiversity governance. the environmental repertoire of the addresses far-ranging goals. Destined It also recognises the importance of Marovo people, as evidenced by the for use in classrooms and keeping indigenous knowledge alive more than 1,200 names they possess communities throughout Marovo within local communities by for plants, animals and features of Lagoon, as well as elsewhere in reinforcing its transmission from their bio-physically complex and Solomon Islands, the book brings elders to youth, and strengthening its diverse milieu, but also divulges, indigenous language, knowledge and presence in the classroom. through innumerable insights gleaned worldview into the formal education from the detail of individual entries, system. It is a first step to enhance the daily preoccupations of the the confidence and pride of youth in Marovo people. These preoccupations indigenous knowledge and ways, to Douglas Nakashima include managing people’s access to reinforce ties between elders and Head, LINKS Project and use of natural resources. In this youth, and expand the community’s respect, the encyclopedia also active involvement in local schools. reaffirms the role of the Marovo VII JINAMA VA KADUVU INTRODUCTION X PINAJAKA VINA MEKA CHAPTER ONE 2 Ria hokiti puku tingitonga vasidi pa idere, saghauru, toba oro rarusu Coastal-marine topography and reef classification PINAJAKA VINA KARUA CHAPTER TWO 10 Ria binu oro idaka pa saghauru, oro tingitonga pule pu to pa saghauru Corals, stones and other things that grow on the reef PINAJAKA VINA HIKE CHAPTER THREE 16 Ria tingitonga pu ponu pa idere oro pa kavo: ria ihana oro katiga tingitonga pule Fish and other swimming creatures of sea and river Chaba ihana tinavete arilaena via pa Marovo 62 Fishing: a central part of everyday life in Marovo PINAJAKA VINA MADE CHAPTER FOUR 64 Ria tingitonga pu mea, doku oro napata pa saghauru, pa rarusu oro pa petupetuani Shells, sea cucumbers and similar things PINAJAKA VINA LIMA CHAPTER FIVE 82 Ria tingitonga pu ko maheledi madi ene oro rerese pa sagharuru, rarusu, pa petupetuani oro pa mati katigae Crustaceans of reef, beach, mangroves and forest PINAJAKA VINA ONOMO CHAPTER SIX 88 Ria tingitonga kovurudi pa mati oro vuradi mae pa mati The land: topography and soil types Hirama dekuru oro choku hae: tinavete gete pa hua pia pa goana pa Marovo 94 Logging and tree plantations: large-scale development in the forests of Marovo PINAJAKA VINA JUAPA CHAPTER SEVEN 98 Ria hae, rikiroko, adoso oro checheu Plants of forest and gardens PINAJAKA VINA ONOMO CHAPTER EIGHT 152 Tongania tingitonga todi pu haba oro ene pa puava oro keba pa hae Snakes and all kinds of four-legged animals of the land PINAJAKA VINA SIA CHAPTER NINE 162 Ria tingitonga kikidi pu charava pana ulu oro haba pa puava oro pa hae oro pa rokoroko Insects, spiders, centipedes and similar things PINAJAKA VINA NAGURU CHAPTER TEN 168 Ria oloko charava Birds and bats Tokele kilakila: Jinama Marovo (mana ta likocho pa jinama tadiria scientist) 178 Index: Marovo names (and scientific equivalents) Tokele kilakila: Jinama tadiria scientist (madi ta likocho pa jinama Marovo) 186 Index: Scientific names (and Marovo equivalents) Ria tasedi ria kasiatona pa pinato Hoava (dae pa pinato Marovo) 192 Hoava-to-Marovo name list Ria kiladi ria tinitona pa kinepoto Vanunu (oro pa kinepoto Marovo) 198 Vanunu-to-Marovo name list Kiladi oro vivineidi ria tingitonga pa idere oro pa goana pa Marovo JINAMA VA KADUVU Pata ta hamu pa Marovo Ia buka pia ieni ta hokoto pa vina mana pata va la ta hamu tinoni pa oro vina noro puledi ria kinubere meka kolokolo pa burububuru 1995. Ulusaghe, Kalikolo, Kalivarana, seadi oro linikocho seadi pu ko susua Pa buruburu 1996 mae raka pa Nono, Kale Vangunu oro tongania pa tania kinubekubere pia no. Heni Marovo pa paleke Julae pata vuvusu chugichugilina Marovo. Ginavuna be korapa ko dia tungana katiga nia ia buka pia pa tongania taguraka pa Norway, oro ria pa jinama ba be vivinei pu kadi te tava palavanua oro vasina sikulu pa UNESCO pa United Nations, va norodi, na kani dia sinea ria mana pa Marovo, talavuni pa Biche pa mae nina poata pata ta tavete ia kalena tagu raka ngana.