Fall 2010 VADM STOCKDALE CENTER FOR ETHICAL LEADERSHIP

Inside this issue:

Experts meet to discuss the ethical ramifications of emerging military tech- Taking Stock nologies.

Capstone Seminars allow midshipmen to grapple with complex leadership, ethical, and moral issues. McCain Conference Tackles Ethics of Emerging Military Speaker T.X. Hammes poses ethical dilemmas to Technologies audience. The Stockdale Center’s annual service academies, staff colleges, weapons capable of independently McCain Conference on Ethics and and war colleges. With the help of identifying and striking targets; Volgenau Seminar debuts Military Leadership marked its expert speakers and panelists, these soldier enhancements that promise, with veteran news reporter tenth anniversary on April 22–23, educators explored the complex for example, pharmacologically- as featured speaker. 2010 by assembling a world-class topic of ethics and emerging induced improvements in strength team of experts to discuss the military technologies. They then and cognition; non-lethal weapons The Center’s Operating promises and potential pitfalls of returned to their institutions with such as the Area Denial System; Fund supports important cutting-edge military technologies. fresh ideas for their curricula. and “non-kinetic” cyber attack initiatives. This year’s theme—which coincided capabilities able to create a host of with the resident fellowship Also represented at the conference direct and indirect effects. Col Art Athens writes program’s year of research—was were leaders from the Office of the about living and leading in “New Warriors and New Weapons: Secretary of Defense, the Defense While the first panel, consisting adversity. The Ethical Ramifications of Advanced Research Projects of engineers and program Emerging Military Technologies.” Agency (DARPA), all U.S. service managers, described current and headquarters, civilian universities, future applications of these four Established through a gift from think tanks, industry, and ethics technologies, subsequent panelists Mark your calendar Mrs. Cindy McCain in honor of faculty from Canadian and French and speakers examined possible Senator John McCain (USNA military academies. ethical and legal ramifications, with for these Fall 2010 Class of 1958), the invitation-only an emphasis on possible problems events: conference is attended primarily The conference focused on four and solutions. Concluding each by military and civilian faculty in emerging and consequential day were lively breakout discussions October 28 ethics, leadership, and character military technologies: unmanned where attendees formulated policy development from all of the nation’s systems, including autonomous and educational recommendations. Moral Courage Lecture— CAPT Dick Couch, USN (Ret.) USNA Class of 1967. Former Capstone Seminars Develop Future Leaders Navy SEAL and author and The seminar has evolved with the motivational speaker The Officership Capstone Seminars everything together. They use all support USNA’s mission by giving their experience and all they’ve years and changing technology. learned in leadership courses and Each session taps into a different November 8 midshipmen first-class a chance to discuss complex leadership, out in the Fleet to solve ethical mode of learning. The midshipmen Volgenau Honor, Courage, ethical, and moral issues—to problems.” begin by exploring the tension Commitment Seminar — prepare them as leaders when they between truth and loyalty in Last James Donald, former CEO of are commissioned in the Navy and The seminar program is primarily Call, an interactive simulation Starbucks Marine Corps. funded by the Elliott family in developed by the Stockdale Center. honor of their son, Ensign John They play the role of Brian, a young CAPT James Campbell, the Class Robert Elliott, who had just officer who has to make tough of 1972 Distinguished Military graduated from USNA in 2000 decisions in real time when faced Professor for Character Education when he was killed by a drunk with the actions of a friend and and a Senior Fellow at the Stockdale driver. Additional support is fellow officer. Depending on what Center, developed the program. provided from the USNA Class of the midshipmen decide, the story CAPT Campbell explained that 1970. The first seminar took place goes off in different directions. Capstone is well-named: “It’s on September 11, 2001. New this year are “clickers,” devices the crowning piece that holds that record the decisions each Continued on page 2 Taking Stock Page 2 Capstone Seminars Develop Future Leaders Continued from page 1 midshipman makes as Brian. solve problems. In the character workshop, each community share the expectations The Capstone Seminars have provided midshipmen assess themselves as leaders and for a junior officer in the first year. The the opportunity for the Stockdale identify areas for future work. case study explores the decisions made Center to conduct short- and long- by a Marine pilot following a tragic term assessments on the effectiveness An inspirational guest speaker also addresses event in Aviano, Italy in 1998 in which of Last Call in teaching ethical decision the midshipmen. Colonel Athens, the Center 21 international vacationers were killed making. The studies have all been Director, often serves as the Capstone guest after the plane he was navigating hit a ski positive, reported Dr. Elizabeth speaker. He talks about the 3 C’s of leadership: gondola wire. Holmes, the Center’s Director for competence, courage, and compassion. As he Assessment. “Midshipmen find this mentioned in the last issue of Taking Stock, CAPT Campbell focuses on getting innovative technology to be both Colonel Athens enjoys the opportunity, “to midshipmen to recognize the impact engaging and memorable.” influence 1/C midshipmen as they consider how of their decisions. “As they gain more they will lead their Sailors and Marines.” experience, what they do will have larger In another session, midshipmen read and larger ripple effects, for good or for short cases about service members with The last session focuses on experiential learning. ill. When they understand that, it’s the problems. Senior enlisted facilitators It features either a panel of junior officers or a most rewarding part of my job.” overview the available resources to case study. On the panel, junior officers from

Speaker Poses Ethical Dilemmas to Midshipmen Colonel Thomas X. During his 30 years in the Marine Corps, answers, Colonel Hammes posed a series Hammes, USMC Colonel Hammes served at all levels in of questions about the dilemmas that (Ret.) addressed the Operating Forces. He participated in young officers may face. These ranged midshipmen for the stabilization operations in Somalia and trained from the metrics of a counterinsurgency Stutt lecture on March counter-insurgents in various places. Currently operation, to relationships with locals and 24, 2010 about ethical a Senior Research Fellow at the Institute for the loyalty owed to an Afghan National challenges in times of National Strategic Studies at National Defense Army soldier fighting beside you, to Col Hammes persistent conflict. University, Hammes is also the author of The explaining the ethical lapses of senior Sling and the Stone: On War in the Twenty-first officers to the troops one leads. In many The Stutt lecture is endowed in honor Century. of these morally ambiguous situations, of Mr. William C. Stutt (USNA Class Hammes explained that the midshipmen of 1949) and his wife Carolyn and Colonel Hammes began by telling midshipmen: would find themselves “looking for the least bad answer.” coordinated by the Stockdale Center. “I am convinced that ethics is a core subject for an officer. As a professional officer, it will Every spring, distinguished speakers be at the heart of everything you do.” He then He closed with the thought that one’s address midshipmen third-class who are focused on the ethical tension between loyalty actions are everything. As Ralph Waldo enrolled in the Academy’s core ethics and doing the right thing, using a series of Emerson said, “What you do speaks so course, NE203. examples. Rather than giving hard-and-fast loudly that I cannot hear what you say.”

Hail and Farewell The Stockdale Center welcomes Jeremy Toton. LCDR Martin will also be in LCDR Michael Rak as the new the reserves with VP 62 P-3 squadron out of Associate Director. LCDR Rak is a NAS Jacksonville. surface warfare officer with 13 years of experience. He served as an aide to What struck LCDR Martin most about his the Commander, Naval Surface Force, time here were the people: “Working for Atlantic before coming to the Stockdale Colonel Athens and Lieutenant Colonels Hall, Center. Benson, and Healey gave me the chance to learn from great leaders. Our staff is passionate LCDR Douglas Martin (USNA Class of about the Center’s mission, and they take care 2000), the former Associate Director, is of each other.” He will also remember all joining ReefPoint LLC, a management the midshipmen from the classroom and the consulting firm in Annapolis that rugby pitch and added, “I can say with great Col Athens congratulates Douglas Martin on his specializes in decision analytics and risk confidence that they taught me much more promotion to LDCR. management. The firm was started by than I taught them—our country is in great his USNA classmates Chris Landon and hands.” Fall 2010 Page 3 First Volgenau Luncheon Features Veteran Reporter The Stockdale Center’s new seminar national security issues. From 2003 to 2006, she her post-traumatic stress, crediting series, the Volgenau Honor, Courage, worked primarily in Iraq. a psychologist and endless hours of Commitment Luncheon Seminar, talking with keeping her symptoms from In May 2006, she was severely injured in a car started on April 27, 2010. This series developing into a disorder. bomb that hit her team while covering a 4th ID of seminars is made possible by the patrol in Baghdad. That bombing killed the generosity of Dr. Ernst (USNA Class of U.S. Army Captain her team was filming—James 1955) and Sara Volgenau. Alex Funkhouser—along with his Iraqi translator “Sam” and Dozier’s colleagues CBS cameraman As part of the Center’s mission to Paul Douglas and soundman James Brolan. She empower leaders to make courageous recounted this experience and her efforts to ethical decisions, this program was recover fully at the Volgenau seminar. These developed so the audience could hear events are also detailed in her 2008 memoir accomplished leaders from diverse Breathing the Fire, Fighting to Report and Survive professional backgrounds talk about the War in Iraq. the core values of honor, courage, and commitment. The goal is to instruct, When the 500-lb car bomb exploded, Captain inspire, and challenge future leaders. The Ms. Dozier talking with members of the audience Funkhouser, his translator, and Dozier’s sound audience is limited to a small group to man were killed, and her cameraman died later. encourage interaction and meaningful Dozier also explained how she had The rest were badly hurt. Dozier’s injuries dialogue. Midshipmen, staff, faculty, benefited from the many advances included a severed femoral artery, shrapnel in and athletic coaches and directors were in military medicine made since the the brain, and first-to-third degree burns and invited to encourage interaction among beginning of the war. She concluded by shrapnel from hips to ankles. these key elements at the Academy. describing her struggle to return to her profession, which was complicated by the The inaugural speaker was Ms. Dozier woke up in a hospital in Germany tendency of her employers and the public Kimberly Dozier, formerly a CBS News and later traveled to Bethesda Naval Hospital. to treat her as still injured. Ms. Dozier correspondent and now the intelligence She described coping with pain, grief, and received a standing ovation and then took correspondent for the Associated Press. countless surgeries, along with her experiences questions from the audience. At CBS, Dozier covered the White with doctors and the reactions from family House and the Pentagon with a focus on and friends. Dozier worked hard to overcome Center’s Operating Fund Critical to Mission Accomplishment

The Stockdale Center accomplishes recognize the services of Admiral Charles Larson, is an undergraduate-led initiative its mission of “empowering leaders to the Foundation’s former Chairman of the Board that creates a bridge for shared make courageous ethical decisions” of Directors and twice the Naval Academy’s understanding between future through gifts designated for specific Superintendent. The Center will use the Tribute military and civilian leaders. programs and those given with the Fund, based on the Board’s intent, to strengthen • Exploring new concepts associated intent of providing general support for the Operating Fund. with website design. the Center’s operations. These general support gifts enable the Center to Some recent examples of Operating Fund Colonel Art Athens, the Center’s Director, pursue new educational technologies expenditures are as follows: calls the Operating Fund “the lifeblood and concepts, consult with leaders • Travel for coordination and consultation of the center; a catalyst for the other of national institutions of influence, meetings with Department of Defense activities that we do.” The Center’s communicate the Stockdale Center officials and other federal and civilian donors who support the Operating Fund message to various audiences, and agency leaders. keep the Center agile and on the cutting administer the day-to-day operations of • Disseminating Stockdale printed and on- edge of ethical leadership development. the Center. line materials. • Providing professional development This Operating Fund is supported by opportunities for staff and faculty from What People Are Saying individual donors, Naval Academy the Stockdale Center and the Academy’s Department of Leadership, Ethics and Law. classes, and corporations such as 2009-2010 Stockdale Center Fellow • Sponsoring the certification program that Boeing, Lockheed Martin, Northrop- Patrick Lin, Ph.D., from California enables select Naval Academy military Grumman, and SAIC. Currently, Polytechnic State University, praised faculty to become Low Ropes Course the Class of 1981 is undertaking a the fellowship program, noting it was instructors and facilitate midshipman team major fund-raising effort for their “hands down, the best academic/pro- challenge activities related to this program. 30th Anniversary Class Gift that will fessional experience of my life, and • Hosting the first Alliance Linking Leaders contribute to this Fund. Additionally, one I will not forget.” the Naval Academy Foundation Board in Education and the Services (ALLIES) established the Larson Tribute Fund to Conference at the Naval Academy. ALLIES Taking Stock Page 4

The Director’s Cut Did You Know? by Colonel Arthur J. Athens, USMCR (Ret.) • Dr. Elizabeth Holmes was appointed Recent interactions with both nor is evil always punished . . . The test to the Board of Governors for the military and civilian leaders of character is not “hanging in there” journal Navy Medicine. Dr. Shaun have reminded me how when you expect a light at the end of Baker is the associate editor at the challenging life can be when the tunnel, but performance of duty same journal. an individual faces personal and persistence of example when you adversity, yet still must know that no light is coming. provide leadership for others. Over the past few • Dr. Edward Barrett was called to For all of us who have walked through these months, I have sat with leaders facing debilitating testify in March 2010 before the personal storms and helped others do the illnesses, dealing with broken family relationships, House Government Oversight and same, we recognize the wisdom of Admiral and confronting the heartache of losing a loved Reform Committee, Subcommittee Stockdale’s comments. We have learned one. Their pain is real and so is the responsibility on National Security and Foreign to resist the temptation in the midst of to continue leading. Affairs, in a hearing on unmanned hardships to ask “Why me?” and instead systems and the future of war. Admiral Stockdale offers some perspective on confront our difficulties head on with faith, living and leading in adversity. In a 1979 speech courage, and perseverance. • The USNA Ethics Team reached the he presented at West Point, Admiral Stockdale We have also learned that we mature as National Finals last spring against top- addressed the leader’s obligation to serve as a leaders during these times of adversity— tier finalists from across the country. philosopher. gaining renewed perspective and growing in The three-round competition was The final duty is that you must be able compassion. So perhaps we can begin to tightly contested—the team won a to act as philosophers in your careers in understand and appreciate adversity’s role in round, tied a round, and lost a round. order to explain and understand the lack shaping us as leaders and embrace the words This team has made the Finals every of moral economy in the universe. Many of an ancient Jewish Proverb: “I ask not for a year but one since the competition people have a great deal of difficulty with lighter burden, but for broader shoulders.” went to a regional format. the fact that virtue is not always rewarded

The Stockdale Center is supported by About the Stockdale Center appropriated funds through the U.S. For over a century and a half, the U.S. Naval Academy has served as a beacon of Naval Academy and by moral and ethical leadership to the nation and to the world—producing leaders of generous private contributions raised uncompromising character, who have fought our wars with honor and have gone on to by the U.S. Naval Academy serve as positive role models on a global stage. Foundation. For more information about supporting the Stockdale In response to an ever-changing world and the cry to enhance the development of ethical Center, please contact the leaders, the Secretary of the Navy established the Center for the Study of Professional Foundation at 410-295-4100. Military Ethics at the U.S. Naval Academy in 1998. Building on the Academy’s track record of developing some of the nation’s finest leaders, the Navy chartered the Center to reach out to not only the Naval Academy, but also to the wider audience of the Navy, Marine Corps, and the nation at large. Over the years, the vision has expanded to transforming ethical leadership development worldwide. In 2006, the Center was given a new name: The Vice Admiral Stockdale Center for Ethical Leadership. The Center has continued to refocus and refine its mission, which is to empower leaders to make courageous ethical decisions. VADM STOCKDALE CENTER FOR ETHICAL LEADERSHIP VADM Stockdale—a member of the Class of 1947, a prisoner of war for 7½ years (4 of which were in solitary confinement), a recipient of the Medal of Honor, and a life-long United States Naval Academy 112 Cooper Road student of leadership, philosophy, and ethics—embodied the selfless and courageous Annapolis, Maryland 21402-5022 leadership sought in midshipmen, officers, and national leaders.

Phone: 410-293-6085 An officer and a gentleman in every sense, VADM Stockdale’s accomplishments are Fax: 410-293-6081 www.usna.edu/ethics well documented. A man of introspection as well as action, VADM Stockdale reflected on Vietnam and military service, distilling from his experiences hard-won ideas about truth and honor. The author of countless articles and books, VADM Stockdale wrote a column for the Naval War College Review while he was the president there. His column, appropriately enough, was called, “Taking Stock.”