Christiano Falk Fragoso

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Christiano Falk Fragoso Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Centro de Ciências Sociais Faculdade de Direito Christiano Falk Fragoso Autoritarismo e Sistema Penal Rio de Janeiro 2011 Christiano Falk Fragoso Autoritarismo e sistema penal Tese apresentada, como requisito parcial a obtenção do Título de Doutor em Direito, ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Direito, da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Área de concentração: Transformações do Direito Privado, Cidade e Sociedade. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Nilo Batista Rio de Janeiro 2011 CATALOGAÇÃO NA FONTE UERJ/REDE SIRIUS/BIBLIOTECA CCS/C F811a Fragoso, Christiano Falk. Autoritarismo e sistema penal / Christiano Falk Fragoso. - 2011. 373 f. Orientador: Nilo Batista. Tese (Doutorado). Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Direito. 1. Sistema penal - Teses. 2. Autoritarismo - Teses. 3. Nazismo - Teses. I.Batista, Nilo. II. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Faculdade de Direito. III. Título. CDU 343.2 Autorizo, apenas para fins acadêmicos e científicos, a reprodução total ou parcial desta dissertação, desde que citada a fonte. _______________________________________ _____________________ Assinatura Data Christiano Falk Fragoso Autoritarismo e sistema penal Tese apresentada, como requisito parcial a obtenção do Título de Doutor em Direito, ao Programa de Pós- Graduação em Direito, da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Área de concentração: Transformações do Direito Privado, Cidade e Sociedade.. Aprovado em: 30 de setembro de 2011. Banca Examinadora: _________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Nilo Batista (Orientador) Faculdade de Direito da UERJ _________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Jorge Luiz Camara Faculdade de Direito da UERJ ________________________________________ Prof. Dr. Carlos Eduardo Adriano Japiassu Faculdade de Direito da UERJ _______________________________________ Prof.ª Ester Kosovski Faculdade de Direito da UFRJ _______________________________________ Prof. Daniel Raizman Faculdade da UFF Rio de Janeiro 2011 DEDICATÓRIA Esta obra é dedicada à memória de meu avô materno, KURT FALK (1913-1996), que sofreu duramente a perseguição nazista contra os judeus AGRADECIMENTOS São muitas as pessoas a quem agradeço por auxílios imprescindíveis na longa caminhada para que este trabalho fosse possível. Mais uma vez, o professor Nilo Batista, meu orientador, me incentivou e me iluminou nos momentos mais duros deste percurso. As observações dos professores Juarez Tavares e Carlos Eduardo Adriano Japiassú, na banca de qualificação e em diversos outros momentos, também foram, para mim, de extrema valia. Muitos outros amigos me ajudaram enormemente na obtenção de material bibliográfico para o preparo desta tese: Clessio Moura de Souza, Maurício Stegemann Dieter, André Giamberardino e Cristiane Carvalho. Agradeço também bastante a todos no Max Planck Institut für ausländisches und internationales Strafrecht, e principalmente a Jan-Michel Simon, por terem me acolhido em Freiburg im Breisgau no mês de maio de 2011, onde pude realizar pesquisas indispensáveis para a produção deste trabalho. Agradeço, e muito, também a todos os meus colegas advogados que trabalham ou trabalharam no escritório durante este período do doutorado; neste momento difícil, eles supriram minhas ausências e toleraram minhas prolongadas divagações sobre o assunto — a meu pai Fernando, a meu irmão Rodrigo, a Marcos Vidigal de Freitas Crissiuma, a Leonardo Salgueiro Lopes, a Ana Lucia Paim Sergio, a Claudia Nasr, a Arianne Câmara Nery, a Rakel de Oliveira Duque, a Roberta Clapp de Souza, a Bruno Castro da Rocha, a Jan Buhatem Neto, a Silvana Patt da Silva Pinto, a Fernando Antonio Osório Tabet, a Eduardo Luvizeto, a Rafael Barone Zimmaro, a Rogerio Navarro, a Luis Felipe Pereira e a Julia Sandroni e a todos os nossos estagiários, expresso o meu muito obrigado! Agradeço, ainda, aos demais membros de minha família, minha mãe Beatriz, minha avó Lélia, meu padrasto Kaká e minha madrasta Christina, e à minha namorada Juliana, que tiveram muita paciência comigo nesses difíceis meses do doutorado e cujas palavras de estímulo foram vitais. “A verdadeira autoridade não tem que ser autoritária” (Hans-Georg Gadamer) RESUMO FRAGOSO, Christiano Falk. Autoritarismo e sistema penal. 2011. 373f. Tese (Doutorado em Direito Penal). Faculdade de Direito, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 2011. O autoritarismo, complexo fenômeno social largamente estudado pela Ciência Política e pela Psicologia Social, é aqui pesquisado em suas articulações com o sistema penal. Na medida em que o autoritarismo deriva do poder e em que o sistema penal deriva do direito, são estudados os conceitos de poder e de direito, em suas peculiaridades e inter-relações. Em seguida, examinam-se a história da construção do conceito de autoridade e os contextos políticos e psicológico-sociais em que o termo autoritarismo tem sido empregado, para, em seguida, analisar, abstrata e conceitualmente, suas inter-relações com o sistema penal. Observa-se que o autoritarismo é característica estrutural de todo e qualquer sistema penal, manifestando-se nas mais variadas agências desse sistema, e em todos os planos: na criminalização primária (ou seja, na edição de leis penais), na criminalização secundária (i.e., na aplicação concreta de poder punitivo a autores concretos), no poder positivo configurador da vida social, no discurso-jurídico penal (nas teorias dos juristas) e nos sistemas penais paralelo e subterrâneo. Como hipóteses de trabalho, são examinados o sistema penal alemão nazista e o sistema penal brasileiro contemporâneo, buscando verificar, ainda, se e em que medida há coincidências em propostas político-criminais e em práticas concretas de poder punitivo. Palavras-chave: Sistema penal. Autoritarismo. Nazismo. ABSTRACT Authoritarianism, a complex social phenomenon that is widely studied by Political Science and by Social Psychology, is researched in this thesis in its articulations with the criminal system. As authoritarianism is derived from power, and the criminal system is derived from the law, the concepts of power and law are studied in their peculiarities and interrelationships. Further on, there is the analysis of the history of construction of the authority concept, and the political and social-psychological contexts in which the term authoritarianism has been employed, and, thereafter, the analysis of its interrelationships with the criminal system, in an abstract and conceptual manner. It is noted that authoritarianism is a structural characteristic of any and all criminal system, being shown in the most varied agencies of this system, and in all its plans: in primary criminalization (i.e., enactment of criminal laws), in secondary criminalization (i.e., concrete application of punitive power to concrete authors), in the positive power that shapes social life, in the criminal legal speech (in the jurists' theories), and in the parallel and subterranean criminal systems. As work cases, the Nazi German criminal system and the contemporary Brazilian criminal system are examined, also trying to find out whether and to what extent there are any coincidences in political-criminal proposals and concrete practices of punitive power. Keywords: Criminal system. Authoritarianism. Nazism. SUMÁRIO INTRODUÇÃO.........................................................................................................11 1. DIREITO, PODER E AUTORIDADE.................................................................. 14 1.1. Direito e poder...........................................................................................................14 1.1.1. Conceitos estáticos de direito: direito objetivo, direito subjetivo e ramo do saber....15 1.1.2. Conceitos dinâmicos de direito: função social............................................................17 1.1.3. O conceito de poder....................................................................................................21 1.1.4. As relações entre direito e poder.................................................................................36 1.2. Poder e autoridade....................................................................................................44 2 AUTORITARISMO E SISTEMA PENAL............................................................63 2.1. Contextos do uso do termo autoritarismo..............................................................63 2.1.1. Autoritarismo como abuso na constituição ou no exercício da autoridade................65 2.1.2. Autoritarismo como regime político...........................................................................67 2.1.2.1. Autoritarismo e totalitarismo......................................................................................68 2.1.2.2. Autoritarismo e democracia.......................................................................................78 2.1.3. Autoritarismo como ideologia política.......................................................................82 2.1.4. Autoritarismo psicológico-social................................................................................87 2.1.5. Para uma compreensão global do autoritarismo.......................................................104 2.2. Sistema penal e autoritarismo................................................................................106 2.2.1. Manifestações autoritárias no sistema penal.............................................................111 2.2.2. Autoritarismo: elemento essencial a qualquer sistema
Recommended publications
  • Recent Developments of German Legal Philosophy: a Report and Appraisal (1964-1966)
    RECENT DEVELOPMENTS OF GERMAN LEGAL PHILOSOPHY: A REPORT AND APPRAISAL (1964-1966) Karl Engisch* Translator's Preface* Fundamental German thought about law, appearing under the name of legal philosophy, has greatly influenced Anglo-American jurisprudential thought. In the present century several of our distinguished jurisprudents have derived stimulus from German legal philosophers, for example, Roscoe Pound from Josef Kohler and Julius Stone from Gustav Radbruch. Since Germany con- tinues to be one of those countries where jurisprudentialthought is cultivated in an outstanding manner, I have felt that it would render a service to the cultivation of the same thought in the English-speaking world if recent developments of German legal philosophy could be brought to the notice of our legal scholars. Since only a few articles and no books by present German legal philosophers have been translated into English, this object could be achieved to a degree by translating a report on German legal-philosophical literature into English. The author of this report is one of the most distinguished contemporary German legal philosophers. In this area, he is particularly distinguished in the field of legal logic and the methodology of legal science and renowned for his keen analyses and sober judgment. His re- ports on the subject are published biennially in the periodical Zeitschrift ffir die gesamte Strafrechtswissenschaft and the present report is the most recent of these. It appeared in 1967 in volume 78, No. 3 of that periodical (pp. 490-523). Hoping that this translation will serve a good purpose, I intend to continue making available in English his subsequent reports.
    [Show full text]
  • Mitläufer Oder "Nazi"?
    Otto Eger: „herzensguter Mensch“, Mitläufer oder „Nazi“? Zur Kontroverse um den Gießener Juristen Peter Gruhne Den „lauteren und unbestechlichen Charakter“ Otto Egers lobt Max Kaser in seinem Nachruf und bezeichnet den am 11. April 1949 ver- storbenen Gießener Juristen als „warmfühlenden und herzensguten Menschen“.1 Auch Friedrich Weber bestätigt in seinem Nekrolog dieses Urteil und spricht im Hinblick auf seinen ehemaligen Lehrer Eger vom „Vertrauen seiner Kollegen“, von der „Liebe der Studenten“ und der „Lauterkeit seiner Persönlichkeit“.2 Der „treueste der Treuen“, wie Karl Engisch den Gießener Ordinarius noch 1957 aus Anlass der 350-Jahr-Feier der Universität nennt,3 weil er über 30 Jahre – von 1918 bis zu seinem Tod 1949 - in Gießen wirkte, 1 Kaser, Max: Otto Eger †, in: Nachrichten der Gießener Hochschulgesellschaft, Bd. 18, 1949, S. 94-103, hier: S. 103. Das ganze Zitat im Wortlaut: „Um ihn trauern zahlreiche Schüler, denen er in allen Lagen ein väterlicher Freund und warmherziger Förderer war. Um ihn trauern die akademischen Kollegen, die in ihm einen unermüdlichen Mit- arbeiter und fürsorglichen Ratgeber verlieren, die ehemaligen Studenten, deren Nöte er gelindert und von denen er vielen überhaupt das Studium ermöglicht hat, und endlich ein weiter Kreis von Freunden in der Stadt Gießen und im hessischen Land, die wissen, wieviel Otto Eger für die Landesuniversität, aber auch für das geistige und künstle- rische Leben der geliebten Heimat geleistet hat. Sie alle verehren in ihm den verdienten Gelehrten und hochbegabten Juristen, den lauteren und unbestechlichen Charakter und den warmfühlenden und herzensguten Menschen.“ 2 Weber, Friedrich: „Otto Eger †“, in: Zeitschrift der Savigny-Stiftung für Rechtsge- schichte, hrsg.
    [Show full text]
  • The Renaissance of Natural Law and the Beginnings of Penal Reform in West Germany
    Chapter 11 CRIMINAL LAW AFTER NATIONAL SOCIALISM The Renaissance of Natural Law and the Beginnings of Penal Reform in West Germany Petra Gödecke S The effort to achieve a comprehensive revision of the penal code had occupied German professors and practitioners of criminal law since the Kaiserreich.1 But the penal reform movement and the official reform commissions, which contin- ued all the way up to the Nazi regime’s penal reform commission under Justice Minister Franz Gürtner, remained unsuccessful. This chapter investigates when penal reform reappeared on the agenda of German criminal law professors after 1945 and what shape this new penal reform discourse took. The early postwar phase of the reform discourse had little influence on the comprehensive penal reform that was eventually passed in 1969 or on the revisions of laws on sexual offenses that took place from 1969 to 1973. But this early phase is of consider- able interest because it reveals the complex mix of continuity and change in a particular discipline at a moment of political rupture and because it reconstructs how a new reform discourse emerged under the influence of the experiences of the Nazi period and the social and cultural upheavals of the postwar era. This chapter begins with a brief overview of the penal code and of the situa- tion of academic criminal law at the universities around 1945. The next two sec- tions examine the debates on natural law and the question of why there were no efforts to completely revise the criminal code immediately after 1945. This issue leads into the following two sections, which explore the work situation, publica- tion venues, and professional meetings of legal academics in the field of criminal law after 1945.
    [Show full text]
  • Revolution Or Evolution in Gustav Radbruch's Legal Philosophy Erik Wolf
    Notre Dame Law School NDLScholarship Natural Law Forum 1-1-1958 Revolution or Evolution in Gustav Radbruch's Legal Philosophy Erik Wolf Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/nd_naturallaw_forum Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Wolf, Erik, "Revolution or Evolution in Gustav Radbruch's Legal Philosophy" (1958). Natural Law Forum. Paper 25. http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/nd_naturallaw_forum/25 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by NDLScholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Natural Law Forum by an authorized administrator of NDLScholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. REVOLUTION OR EVOLUTION IN GUSTAV RADBRUCH'S LEGAL PHILOSOPHY Erik Wolf SINcE GUSTAV RADBRUCH'S DEATH in 1949 there has been some discussion of whether his philosophical thinking remained in principle the same from the Grundziige der Rechtsphilosophie (1914) to the Vorschule der Rechts- philosophie (1948), or whether it underwent a drastic revolution or reform after 1945 which could properly be designated as "a substantial change in his point of view."' Some legal philosophers deny any and all development;2 others maintain that there was a decisive change. 3 The latter opinion is particularly important in that it is the thesis of a significant and compre- hensive study.4 The former view, however, which contests the suggestion that any such change ever took place, can appeal to a no less profound interpretation of Radbruch's legal philosophy. 5 As for the cause of this alleged revolution or reform we are referred not to any inner transformation in Radbruch himself, but to two external ex- periences: one in the realm of German political history, and the other in the realm of the history of ideas.
    [Show full text]
  • Max Weber Was Never Mainstream
    ARTICLE Max Weber never was mainstream,-but who made him a classic of sociology? Dirk Kaesler [email protected] Abstract If by “mainstream sociology” one understands a specific paradigm that dominates the discourses of sociology because its adherents form the majority of the discipline, then Max Weber’s program of a sociology that is built upon “interpretative understanding of social action and thereby with a causal explanation of its course and consequences,” was never mainstream, not during his lifetime (1864– 1920) or since. So why has he become this overpowering “classic” of sociology? Who is responsible for this development? This paper does not aim to reconstruct the entire impact of Max Weber upon the history and presence of sociology since his death. Starting with the observation that he has been made into an indisputable “classic” of international sociology this paper, first aims to depict the sharp contrast between the weak and very selective impact and reception of Weber's work during his lifetime and its significance for international sociology today. Second, it attempts to explain Weber's career as a classic of sociology, having become—along with Marx and Durkheim—one of the pillars of a “Holy Trinity” in international sociology. Thirdly, after offering a general overview of forty-three individuals who may be regarded as mainly responsible for the fashioning of the sociological classic Max Weber, it concentrates upon the three most important figures by sketching their quite distinct ideas, interests and roles in this endeavor. Keywords Max Weber; mainstream sociology; If by “mainstream sociology” one understands a specific paradigm that dominates the discourses of sociology because its adherents form the majority of the discipline, then Max Weber’s program of a sociology that is built upon “interpretative understanding of social action and thereby with a causal explanation of its course and consequences,” was never mainstream, not during his lifetime (1864– 1920) or since.
    [Show full text]
  • Juristische Hermeneutik Zwischen Vergangenheit Und Zukunft
    Meder/Carlizzi/Mecke/Sorge (Hrsg.) Juristische Hermeneutik zwischen Vergangenheit und Zukunft Juristische Hermeneutik zwischen Vergangenheit und Zukunft • Meder u.a. (Hrsg.) Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft Stämpfli Verlag ISBN 978-3-8487-0050-9 ISBN 978-3-7272-7720-7 Nomos Stämpfli Verlag BUC_Meder_0050-9.indd 1 26.10.12 10:04 copyright NOMOS Inhaltsverzeichnis Vorwort 7 STEPHAN MEDER Interpretation und Konstruktion. Zur juristischen Hermeneutik von Francis Lieber (1800-1872) 11 CHRISTOPH-ERIC MECKE „Regeln werden nur den Schwachköpfen dienen, um sie des eigenen Denkens zu überheben“ – Puchtas und Savignys juristische Hermeneutik im Vergleich 37 MARTIN AVENARIUS Universelle Hermeneutik und Praxis des Rechtshistorikers und Juristen. Die Entwicklung ihres Verhältnisses im Lichte der Diskussion zwischen Gadamer und Wieacker 59 GAETANO CARLIZZI Historische und theoretische Hauptfragen der „Gegenwärtigen Juristischen Hermeneutik“ 105 JOSÉ ANTONIO SEOANE Hermeneutik und Typus. Historische und systematische Bemerkungen 121 CHRISTOPH SORGE Zwischen Kritik, Konsens und Reflexion: Hermeneutisch-rhetorische Traditionen der Rechtsfindung 137 STEPHAN MEDER Zetetik versus Dogmatik? Eine Grundfrage der juristischen und theologischen Hermeneutik 225 Autorenverzeichnis 245 copyright NOMOS 5 copyright NOMOS Stephan Meder/Gaetano Carlizzi/ Christoph-Eric Mecke/Christoph Sorge (Hrsg.) Juristische Hermeneutik zwischen Vergangenheit und Zukunft Nomos Stämpfli Verlag copyright NOMOS Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. ISBN 978-3-8487-0050-9 (Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden) ISBN 978-3-7272-7720-7 (Stämpfli Verlag, Bern) 1. Auflage 2013 © Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden 2013. Printed in Germany. Alle Rechte, auch die des Nachdrucks von Auszügen, der fotomechanischen Wiedergabe und der Übersetzung, vorbehalten. Gedruckt auf alterungsbeständigem Papier.
    [Show full text]
  • Legal Certainty and Legal Methods: a European Alternative to American Legal Indeterminacy? James Maxeiner University of Baltimore School of Law, [email protected]
    University of Baltimore Law ScholarWorks@University of Baltimore School of Law All Faculty Scholarship Faculty Scholarship Spring 2007 Legal Certainty and Legal Methods: A European Alternative to American Legal Indeterminacy? James Maxeiner University of Baltimore School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.law.ubalt.edu/all_fac Part of the International Law Commons, and the Legislation Commons Recommended Citation Legal Certainty and Legal Methods: A European Alternative to American Legal Indeterminacy?, 15 Tul. J. Int'l & Comp. L. 541 (2007) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at ScholarWorks@University of Baltimore School of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@University of Baltimore School of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Legal Certainty: A European Alternative to American Legal Indeterminacy? James R. Maxeiner' Americans are resigned to a high level oflegal indetenninacy. This Article shows that Europeans do not accept legal indetenninacy and instead have made legal certainty a general principle of their law. This Article uses the example ofthe German legal system to show how Gennan legal methods strive to realize this general European principle. It suggests that these methods are opportunities for Americans to develop their Ow.11 system to reduce legal indeterminacy and to increase legal certainty. I. LEGAL CERTAINTY IN EUROPE ......................................................... 545 A. Legal Certainty and the Fonnal Rule ofLaw ........................ 545 B. General Principles ofEuropean Union Law.......................... 547 C Legal Certainty as a General Principle ofEuropean Law .......................................................................................... 549 D.
    [Show full text]
  • Einführung in Die Rechtstheorie Und Rechtslogik
    Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München - Juristische Fakultät - Einführung in die Rechtstheorie und Rechtslogik Sommersemester 2018 Prof. Dr. Dr. Jan-Hendrik Röver, LL.M. (LSE), FRSA 1 Teil 1: Einleitung Teil 2: Rechtstheorie § 1 Einführung § 2 Begriff und Geltung des Rechts § 3 Rechtsnorm § 4 Rechtssystem § 5 Rechtswissenschaft § 6 Gerechtigkeit und Rechtsnorm Teil 3: Rechtslogik § 7 Einführung § 8 Syllogistik: Grundlagen § 9 Syllogistik: Schlussfehler § 10 Aussagenlogik § 11 Deontische Logik 2 Einleitung 1 • Lernziele Übersicht über die Rechtstheorie und Rechtslogik Wissenschaftlicher Umgang mit Recht Definition: Wissenschaft ist jedes rational nachprüfbare Verfahren, das mit Hilfe bestimmter, am Gegenstand entwickelter Denkmethoden geordnete Erkenntnisse gewinnt Rechtstheorie steuert (im Zusammenspiel mit Rechtsphilosophie, juristischer Methodenlehre und anderen Grundlagenfächern) den Rechtsfindungsprozess durch rationale Regeln Vgl. auch Wissenschaftsrat, Perspektiven der Rechtswissenschaft in Deutschland. Situation, Analysen, Empfehlungen, Hamburg 9.11.2012 (Drs. 2558-12) (abrufbar unter „www.wissenschaftsrat.de“): „Die Rechtswissenschaft muss den inner- sowie interdisziplinären Austausch stärken, sich intensiver mit ihren Grundlagen befassen und thematisch wie personell vielfältiger werden.“ 3 Einleitung 2 • Rechtspraxis Notwendigkeit der Rechtstheorie ergibt sich (wie Methodenlehre) nicht zuletzt aus dem Willkürverbot, Art. 3 I GG und dem Rechtsstaatsprinzip, Art. 20 III GG • Examensrelevanz Anleitung zum klaren Denken
    [Show full text]
  • Pleading and Access to Civil Procedure: Historical and Comparative Reflections on Iqbal, a Day in Court and a Decision According to Law
    Pleading and Access to Civil Procedure: Historical and Comparative Reflections on Iqbal, A Day in Court and a Decision According to Law James R. Maxeiner* Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 1259 II. CIVIL PROCEDURE‟S CONSTITUTIONAL COMMITMENTS ......... 1260 A. “The civil justice system is . in serious need of repair” .............................................................................. 1261 B. Taking Advantage of What has been Done by the Civil Law ................................................................................... 1262 C. What of American Exceptionalism? .................................. 1264 III. PLEADING AND ACCESS TO CIVIL PROCEDURE ....................... 1265 A. The Purposes of Pleading and the Needs of Civil Procedure ......................................................................... 1266 B. What Law Applying Requires of Civil Procedure ............. 1267 C. The Limits of Pleading—The Interdependency of Law and Fact ............................................................................ 1268 D. Iqbal and the Limits of Pleading ....................................... 1269 IV. THREE AMERICAN SYSTEM FAILURES ..................................... 1270 A. Common Law Pleading ..................................................... 1271 B. Fact Pleading (Also Known as Code Pleading) ............... 1273 C. Notice Pleading: The Federal Rules of Civil Procedure of 1938 .............................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mackinnon on Marx on Marriage and Morals: an Otsogistic Odyssey
    Buffalo Law Review Volume 41 Number 2 Article 3 4-1-1993 MacKinnon on Marx on Marriage and Morals: An Otsogistic Odyssey Marc Linder University of Iowa Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.buffalo.edu/buffalolawreview Part of the Law and Gender Commons, Law and Society Commons, and the Public Policy Commons Recommended Citation Marc Linder, MacKinnon on Marx on Marriage and Morals: An Otsogistic Odyssey, 41 Buff. L. Rev. 451 (1993). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.buffalo.edu/buffalolawreview/vol41/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at Digital Commons @ University at Buffalo School of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Buffalo Law Review by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ University at Buffalo School of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MacKinnon on Marx on Marriage and Morals: An Otsogistic Odyssey' MARC LNDER* [Love, not... for the proletariat,but rather love for the sweetheart and in particularfor you, makes the man into a man again. 2 Karl Marx (age 38) to Jenny Marx (age 42) (his wife of thirteen years) I. MAcKINNON ON MARX 3 A. Say It Ain't So, Challey V aMarx was an MCP. Viewing the world through the distorting % or of his hatred for his mother, he looked down on women in general.4 Even on the eve of his fifieth birthday, five years after his mother's death, he was still mercilessly deriding her failure to have mastered spoken or written High German.' At the same time- 1868 was apparently a good year for misogyny-when he was at the height of his intellectual powers, without the excuse of youth or 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards a Coherent Methodology of Comparative Legal Studies Oliver Brand
    Brooklyn Journal of International Law Volume 32 | Issue 2 Article 3 2007 Conceptual Comparisons: Towards a Coherent Methodology of Comparative Legal Studies Oliver Brand Follow this and additional works at: https://brooklynworks.brooklaw.edu/bjil Recommended Citation Oliver Brand, Conceptual Comparisons: Towards a Coherent Methodology of Comparative Legal Studies, 32 Brook. J. Int'l L. (2007). Available at: https://brooklynworks.brooklaw.edu/bjil/vol32/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at BrooklynWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Brooklyn Journal of International Law by an authorized editor of BrooklynWorks. CONCEPTUAL COMPARISONS: TOWARDS A COHERENT METHODOLOGY OF COMPARATIVE LEGAL STUDIES Oliver Brand* ABSTRACT unctionalism is still the dominant method of comparative legal F studies. This, however, is not the case because functional analysis is particularly well suited for the needs of comparatists, but because of a lack of alternatives. Comparative Law and Economics and various “postmodern” approaches have failed to provide more viable solutions. The first part of this Article examines the virtues and flaws of the respec- tive methods. Under the heading of Conceptual Comparisons, the second part introduces a new approach to comparative law. It follows the lead of other comparative sciences, which have abandoned functionalism some time ago and have replaced it with typological considerations. Concep- tual Comparisons adapts these considerations to the particular needs of legal research, thus opening new avenues for the perception of law and its role in different legal systems. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ....................................................................................405 I. INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................407 II. DOMINANT APPROACH—FUNCTIONALISM ..............................409 A.
    [Show full text]
  • Norm, Logic, System, Doctrine & Technique in Legal Processes, With
    Theory of Law kem borito 12/10/15 15:48 Page 1 A collection of papers relating Theory of Law originally published between 1973 and 2009 ON PHILOSOPHISING AND THEORISING IN LAW treating topics like ‘Legal Philosophy, Legal Theory – and the Future of Theoretical Legal Thought’ [2006] / ‘Legal Ontology’ [1999] / ‘Law and History: On the His- torical Approach to Law’ [1999] / ‘Law as History?’ [1986] / ‘Validity’ [1999] / ‘Ex post facto Legislation’ [1999], ON CONCEPTUALISING BY LOGIFYING THE LAW involving topics like ‘Rule and/or Norm: On the Conceptualisabili- ty and Logifiability of Law’ [2003] / ‘Le- gal Logic and the Internal Contradiction of Law’ [2004] / ‘The Quest for Forma- lism in Law: Ideals of Systemicity and Axiomatisability between Utopianism and Heuristic Assertion’ [1973] / ‘Law and its Doctrinal Study (On Legal Dogmatics)’ [2006], ON FORMS AND SUBSTANCE IN LAW dealing with problems such as ‘Structures in Legal Systems: Artificiality, Relativity, and Interdependency of Structuring Elements in a Practical (Hermeneutical) Context’ [2001] / ‘Goals and Means in Law’ [2003] / ‘Law, Ethics, Economy: Independent Paths or Shared Ways?’ [2004] / ‘Towards an Autonomous Legal Policy’ [1984], as well as ON PROCESSES OF LAW facing with ‘The Judicial Black-box and the Rule of Law in the Context of European Unification and Globalisation’ [2008] / ‘Doctrine and Technique in Law’ [2002] / ‘Theory and Practice in Law: On the Magical Role of Legal Technique’ [2006] / ‘Law, Understanding of Law, Application of Law (A Summary of Developments in
    [Show full text]