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Mackinnon on Marx on Marriage and Morals: an Otsogistic Odyssey

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Mackinnon on Marx on Marriage and Morals: an Otsogistic Odyssey Buffalo Law Review Volume 41 Number 2 Article 3 4-1-1993 MacKinnon on Marx on Marriage and Morals: An Otsogistic Odyssey Marc Linder University of Iowa Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.buffalo.edu/buffalolawreview Part of the Law and Gender Commons, Law and Society Commons, and the Public Policy Commons Recommended Citation Marc Linder, MacKinnon on Marx on Marriage and Morals: An Otsogistic Odyssey, 41 Buff. L. Rev. 451 (1993). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.buffalo.edu/buffalolawreview/vol41/iss2/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at Digital Commons @ University at Buffalo School of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Buffalo Law Review by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ University at Buffalo School of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MacKinnon on Marx on Marriage and Morals: An Otsogistic Odyssey' MARC LNDER* [Love, not... for the proletariat,but rather love for the sweetheart and in particularfor you, makes the man into a man again. 2 Karl Marx (age 38) to Jenny Marx (age 42) (his wife of thirteen years) I. MAcKINNON ON MARX 3 A. Say It Ain't So, Challey V aMarx was an MCP. Viewing the world through the distorting % or of his hatred for his mother, he looked down on women in general.4 Even on the eve of his fifieth birthday, five years after his mother's death, he was still mercilessly deriding her failure to have mastered spoken or written High German.' At the same time- 1868 was apparently a good year for misogyny-when he was at the height of his intellectual powers, without the excuse of youth or 1. "[O]tsog": "a close-knit narrative that pays its respects to scholarship and dues to pedantry;, also an exceedingly diversified (and thoroughly parenthesized*) piece of schol- arship." ROBERT MERTON, ON THE SHOULDERS OF GIANTS: A SHANDEAN POSTSCRIPT 275 (1965) ("*and heavily footnoted"). * © Marc Linder. Associate Professor of Law, University of Iowa. Like some sort of intellectual Sam Carr (or his black lab), Gail Hollander "made me do it." Criticisms by Pat Cain, John Houghton, Herb Hovenkamp, Julius Sensat, and Larry Zacharias prompted revisions incorporated in this Article. 2. Letter from Karl Marx to Jenny Marx (June 21, 1856), in 3:8 KARL MARX [&] FRIEDRICH ENGELS, GESAMATAUSGABE (MEGA) 30-31 (1990). 3. One of MAarxes family nicknames; Eleanor Marx-Aveling, Karl Marx: Lose Bliitter, in MOHR UND GENERAL: ERINNERUNGEN AN MARX UND ENGELS 242, 244-45 (1982 [1895]) [hereinafter MOHR UND GENERAL]. 4. ARNOLD KONZLI, KARL MARX EINE PSYCHOGRAPHIE 305, 309 (1966); LEWIS FEUER, The Character and Thought of Karl Marx: The Promethean Complex and Historical Materialism,in MARX AND THE INTELLECTUALS: A SET OF POST-IDEOLOGICAL EssAYS 9,34- 39 (1969 [1968]) (jejune psychobabblings). 5. "Wenn die Karell Kapital gemacht hdtte, statt etc.!" Letter from Karl Marx to Friedrich Engels (Apr. 30, 1868), in 32 MARX [&] ENGELS, WERKE [MEW] 75 (1965) ('If Karl had made capital instead etc.!' [of writing Kapital]). For examples of Henriette Marxs difficulties with German, see her postscripts to the letters from her husband Heinrich (and her own after his death) to their son when he was a university student (Nov. 18-29, 1835, Mar. 1836, Sept. 16, 1837, Feb. 2, 1838, Feb. 15-16, 1838, Oct. 22, 1838, May 29, 1840), in 3:1 MARX [&] ENGELS, GEsAMTAUSGABE (MEGA) 292, 294-95, 320, 329, 330, 334, 347(1975). 452 BUFFALO LAW REVIEW [Vol. 41 senility, he stooped to the following banal humor: "Societal progress can be measured exactly by the societal position of the beautiful sex (the ugly ones included)."6 A self-proclaimed aficionado of obscure smutty poetry in several languages, 7 he was also a prude--a combi- nation of traits suggesting a disturbed relation to women.9 The kind of role model he inculcated in his daughters can be gauged by his responses to their requests for parlor-game "confessions": he listed "weakness" as his favorite virtue in women (and, of course, "strength" in men).10 Throughout his adult life he expressed contempt for women by standing Maurice Chevalier on his head-no great feat after he had done it to Hegel-and thanking "hayven for leetle" boys:" in 1851 and again in 1855 he complained to Engels that his wife had given 6. Letter from Marx to Ludwig Kugelmann (Dec. 12, 1868), in 32 MEW, supra note 5, at 583. To be sure, Marx was making a joke, as emerges from the rest of the letter in which he praised the National Labor Union in the United States for treating female workers with complete parity. A week earlier Marx, after asking Kugelmann whether his wife was active in the "great German ladies emancipation movement," expressed the con- viction that German women needed to "begin to impel their men towards self-emancipa- tion." Letter from Marx to Kugelmann (Dec. 5, 1868), in id. at 581. When Kugelmann in- troduced Marx to his wife and daughter, Marx cut off Kugelmann's political conversation by saying it was not for'"young ladies." Franziska Kugelmann, Kleine Zilge zu dem groplen Charakterbildvon Karl Marx, in MOHR UND GENERAL, supra note 3, at 252-53. Ironically, Marx ended his friendship with Kugelmann over the latter's browbeating of his wife. Letter from Marx to Engels (Sept. 18, 1874), in 33 MEW 116-17 (1966). 7. Letters from Marx to Engels (Oct. 19 and Nov. 7, 1867), in 31 MEW 368-69, 380 (1965) (relating story of sturdy fellow whom nuns in Russian nunnery had "ridden to death" in twenty-four hours). 8. In his late forties he told the young man courting one of his daughters in no uncer- tain terms that in his opinion the true love of one in love expressed itself in reserve, mod- esty, and even shyness vis-&-vis his idol. Letter from Karl Marx to Paul Lafargue (Aug. 13, 1866), in 31 MEW, supra note 7, at 519. Recounting his sea voyage to Hamburg to read the proofs of Das Kapital, Marx explained why one female passenger--"old nag with toothless maw"-had caroused with him and other men instead of joining the other women "vomiting in the ladies cabin": "this beauty" was charmed by an account of "sexual obscenities of the savages" in Peru who roasted the afterbirth and served it as "sweetbread" to visitors. Letter from Marx to Engels (Apr. 13, 1867), in id. at 288. 9. KONZLI, supranote 4, at 300-01. 10. 31 MEW, supra note 7 (illustration opposite 596). For some insight into the psyches of these politically involved independent thinkers and their relationships to their "extremely loving father," see THE DAUGHTERS OF KARL MARX: FAMILY CORRESPONDENCE 1866-1898 (1982). YVONNNE KAPP, ELEANOR MARX 27 (1972). Even a hostile critic concedes that Marx was "[ain exemplary father." RALPH BUULTJENS, THE SECRET OF KARL MARX. HISTORY, PSYCHOLOGY AND MARXISM 60 (1985) [hereinafter THE SECRET OF KARL MARX]; see also Ralph Buultens, What Marx Hid, N.Y. TIMES, Mar. 14, 1983, at A15. 11. "Vivat der kleine Weltbtirger! Il faut peupler le monde de gargons d'autant plus que la statistique anglaise montre un exc~s de filles." Letter from Marx to Jenny Longuet (Aug. 19, 1879), in 34 MEW 388 (1966) (congratulating her on the birth of his grandson Edgar). 19931 MACKINNON ON MARX 453 birth to a girl and not to a boy;' 2 thirty years later, on hearing that his oldest daughter had given birth to a boy, he informed her that he preferred the birth of boys at "this turning point of history" because they had "the most revolutionary period before them.... Fearing the loss of Engels' friendship because he had insensi- tively asked for a loan instead of consoling Engels when the latter's wife died, Marx blamed his own wife's eccentric excitability-using the occasion to pontificate about women as "funny creatures" accus- tomed to demanding the impossible. 4 He expressed appreciation for a lifetime of devotion from his wife, who sacrificed a goodly portion of her energy copying his illegibly written manuscripts for submis- sion to publishers (the "happiest [days] of her life"), 5 by concluding from her inability to keep within her household budget-the con- straints of which were largely a result of his failure ever to have done an honest day's work in his life's--that women were constantly in need of a guardianship.' And even when he complimented his wife, Marx was really tooting his own proprietary horn. Writing to his wife from their hometown, Trier, where he was busy collecting his inheritance from his recently deceased mother, Marx boasted that every day people asked him about the "quondam 'most beautiful girl of Trier' and the 'queen of the ball.' It is damn pleasant for a 12. Letter from Marx to Engels (Apr. 2, 1851), in 27 MEW 229 (1965); Letter from Marx to Engels (Jan. 17, 1855), in 28 MEW 423 (1963). 13. Letter from Marx to Jenny Longuet (Apr. 29, 1881), in 35 MEW 186 (1967). 14. Letter from Marx to Engels (Jan. 28, 1863), in 30 MEW 319 (1964). An East German hagiography of Marx agrees with Marx's criticism of his wife. LUISE DORNEMANN, JENNY MARY, DER LEBENSWEG EINER SOZIALISTIN 190-92 (1982 [1968]). 15. KAPP, supranote 10, at 40; Jenny Marx, Kurze Umrisse eines bewegten Lebens, in MOHR UND GENERAL, supra note 3, at 186, 203. Her work as his amanuensis was literally the fruition of a longstanding fantasy. When the twenty-one year-old Marx was courting Jenny Westphalen, she wrote him a letter explaining that since his last letter she had imagined that he might have gotten into a dispute and a duel; night and day she saw him wounded and bleeding, which vision, she confided, had not made her completely unhappy because she also almost imagined that he had lost his little right hand; this thought in turn made her blissful because she thought she could become indispensable to him and "then you would always have me around you and keep loving me.
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