DOCSLIB.ORG

Morphometric Status of Shrews of the Sorex Caecutiens/Shinto Group in Japan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Morphometric Status of Shrews of the Sorex Caecutiens/Shinto Group in Japan Title Morphometric status of shrews of the Sorex caecutiens/shinto group in Japan Author(s) Dokuchaev, Nikolai E.; Ohdachi, Satoshi; Abe, Hisashi Mammal Study, 24(2), 67-78 Citation https://doi.org/10.3106/mammalstudy.24.67 Issue Date 1999 Doc URL http://hdl.handle.net/2115/44405 Type article File Information MS24-2_67-78.pdf Instructions for use Hokkaido University Collection of Scholarly and Academic Papers : HUSCAP Ma〃1〃zatStudy24:67-78(1999)Mammal Study 24: 67-78 (J999) ◎theMammalogicalSocietyofJapan© the Mammalogical Society of Japan MorphometricstatusofshrewsoftheSorexcaecutiens/shintoMorphometric status of shrews of the Sorex caecutienslshinto groupinJapangroup in Japan NikolaiE.Dokuchaevi,SatosbiOhdachi2andHisashiAbe3Nikolai E. Dokuchaev', Satoshi Ohdachi' and Hisashi Abel 1傭 伽'θqプ 別ologica1Proble〃2∫q〃he1>∂ 肋 IInstitute oj Biological Problems of the North.,Magadan685000,Ru∬ia Magadan 685000. Russia 21nstitute《 ～ブLow7ヒ ～〃47eratu/reSc彪nce 21nstitute oj Low Temperature Science,,.肋kkaiと10{ノ}2'vθ Hokkaido University, 摺 ∫ζソ,SapPoroO60-0819,ノOPan Sapporo 060-0819, Japan 3Katsuraoka26-17 'Kalsuraoka 26-17.,0taruO47-0264,」@α Otaru 047-0264. Japanη Abstrac重.ThemorphometricrelationshipsamongfiveoperationaltaxonomicunitsoftheAbstract. The morphometric relationships among five operational taxonomic units of the SorexSorexcaecutiens/shintogroup(Soricidae)(S.caecutiensofHokkaido,S.shintoshintoof eaeeutiens/shinto group (Soricidae) (S. eaeeutiens of Hokkaido, S. shinto shinto of HonshuHonshuincludingtheS.choueiholotype,S.s.shikokensisofShikoku,andS.s.sadonis including the S. ehouei holotype, S. s. shikokensis of Shikoku, and S. s. sadonis ofofSado)intheJapaneseIslands,wereexaminedusinguni-andmultivariateanalysesof15 Sado) in the Japanese Islands, were examined using uni- and multivariate analyses of 15 cranial,cranial,dental,andexternalcharacters.Themorphologicalanalysesshowedthattheshrew dental, and external characters. The morphological analyses showed that the shrew fromHokkaido(S.caecutiens)andthosefromHonshu,Shikoku,andSado(S.shinto)werefrom Hokkaido (S. eaeeutiens) and those from Honshu, Shikoku, and Sado (S. shinto) were exclusivelyexclusivelydifferentiated。Inparticular,thesurfacestructureofthefourthupperpremolar differentiated. In particular, the surface structure of the fourth upper premolar completelycompletelyseparatedthetwotaxa.Incontrast,S.s.sadonisfromSadocouldnotbecom- separated the two taxa. In contrast, S. s. sadonis from Sado could not be com­ pletelydistinguishedfromrelatedtaxafromHonshuandShikoku.Thusthesemorpho-pletely distinguished from related taxa from Honshu and Shikoku. Thus these morpho­ metricmetricanalysesre-confirmthatS.caecutiensofHokkaido,andS.shintofromHonshu, analyses re-confirm that S. eaeeutiens of Hokkaido, and S. shinto from Honshu, Shikoku,Shikoku,andSado,shouldbetreatedastwoseparatespecies,ashaspreviouslybeenpro- and Sado, should be treated as two separate species, as has previously been pro­ posedonthebasisofamolecularphylogeneticalstudy.posed on the basis of a molecular phylogenetical study. KeyKeywOrdS:SOreXCaeCUtienS,S.ShintO,SadOnis,ShikOkenSiS,taxOnOmy. words: Sorex caecutiens, S. shinto, sadonis, shikokensis, taxonomy. Thomas(1905,1906)describedSorexshi〃toasanewshrewspeciesfromHonshuIsland.Thomas (1905, 1906) described Sorex shinto as a new shrew species from Honshu Island. Later,hedescribedanewsubspecies,S.訪'配osaevus,fromSakhalinIslandandincludedLater, he described a new subspecies, S. shinto saevus, from Sakhalin Island and included theislandofHokkaidoinitsdistributionalrange(Thomas1907).Thomas(1907)didnotthe island of Hokkaido in its distributional range (Thomas 1907). Thomas (1907) did not find且ndanymorphologicalspeci負cdifferences,however,amongtheshrewsfromHonshu, any morphological specific differences, however, among the shrews from Honshu, Hokkaido,Hokkaido,andSakhalinIslands. and Sakhalin Islands. IntheyearssinceThomas,s(1907)study,thetaxonomictreatmentofS.shintoandotherIn the years since Thomas's (1907) study, the taxonomic treatment of S. shinto and other taxaoftheSorexcaecutiens/shintogroup(inthesenseofOhdachietal.1997a)hasvaried.taxa of the Sorex eaeeutiens/shinto group (in the sense of Ohdachi et al. I997a) has varied. BobrinskiiBobrinskiietal。(1944)treatedsomemedium-sizedshrewsfromEurasia,including8.sh'漉o et al. (1944) treated some medium-sized shrews from Eurasia, including S. shinto describedbyThomas(1907),asasinglespecies,S.macroρdescribed by Thomas (1907), as a single species, S. maeropygmaeusッgmaeusMiller,1901.Ellerman Miller, 1901. Ellerman andMorrison-Scott(1951)acceptedBobrinskiietal,s(1944)systematicconcept,buttheyand Morrison-Scott (1951) accepted Bobrinskii et aI's (1944) systematic concept, but they synonymizedεsynonymized S. 。macrOpッgmaeuswith5.caecutiensLaxmann,1788.Stroganov(1957),who maeropygmaeus with S. eaeeutiens Laxmann, 1788. Stroganov (1957), who investigatedtheshrewsfromSakhalin,Hokkaido,andthesouthernKurileIslandsingreatinvestigated the shrews from Sakhalin, Hokkaido, and the southern Kurile Islands in great details,concludedthattheshrewsinHokkaidoandSakhalin,describedasS.shintosaevusdetails, concluded that the shrews in Hokkaido and Sakhalin, described as S. shinto saevus byThomas(1907),shouldbeincludedinS.caecutiens,asEllermanandMorrison-Scottby Thomas (1907), should be included in S. eaeeutiens, as Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1951)did.However,withoutinspectingSorexsamplesfromHonshu,Stroganov(1957)(1951) did. However, without inspecting Sorex samples from Honshu, Stroganov (1957) 27b肋0〃1correspon伽ceshouldわeaddressed lTo whom correspondence should be addressed..E-〃2α £ ·mail: 〃'0裾@Pρ [email protected] ρ.towte〃7.乃0枷 ぬ'.αC.加 68 ルfa〃imalStudy24(1999)Mammal Study 24 (1999) consideredthattheshrewsofHonshuwereasubspeciesofε.cαec躍'ens,∫.c.∫considered that the shrews of Honshu were a subspecies of S. caeculiens, S. c. shinto.乃'nto. SinceStroganov,s(1957)investigation,therehavebeentwomainopinionsconcerningSince Stroganov's (1957) investigation, there have been two main opinions concerning thetaxonomicstatusofsh'η'ointhecaecut'ens/shintogroup.Ontheonehand,somethe taxonomic status of shinto in the caecutiensl shinto group. On the one hand, some authorshaveobjectedtothespecificrankofshinto,andhavefollowedStroganov(1957)inauthors have objected to the specific rank of shinto, and have followed Stroganov (1957) in includingitin8.cαincluding it in S. caecutiensθc〃t'ens(e.g.Bobrinskiietal.1965;Abe1967,1994;Gureev1971,1979; (e.g. Bobrinskii et aJ. 1965; Abe 1967 , 1994; Gureev 1971 , 1979; Yudin1971,1989;Corbet1978;GromovandBaranova1981;Krivosheev1984;Dolgov1985;Yudin 1971, 1989; Corbet 1978; Gromov and Baranova 1981 ; Krivosheev 1984; Dolgov 1985; Okhotina1993;Dobson1994).Furthermore,withregardtothesubspeci負cstatusoftheOkhotina 1993; Dobson (994). Furthermore, with regard to the subspecific status of the caecut'εcaecutiens η5/shintoshrewsoftheJapaneseIslandsandvicinity,Abe(1967,1994)treatedthel shinlo shrews of the Japanese Islands and vicinity, Abe (1967, 1994) treated the populationofHonshuasε.caec〃tien∬hinto,thatofShikokuas3.c.shikoke〃sis,andthatpopulation of Honshu as S. caecutiens shinto, that of Shikoku as S. c. shikokensis, and that ofHokkaidoandSakhalinassl.c.saevus.Ontheotherhand,someauthorshavebeenofof Hokkaido and Sakhalin as S. c. saevus. On the other hand, some authors have been of thetaxonomicopinionthatS.shintoshouldbeconsideredasanindependentspeciesthatthe taxonomic opinion that S. shinto should be considered as an independent species that occursinHonshu,Shikoku,andHokkaido(andSakhalin,accordingtosomeauthors)whileoccurs in Honshu, Shikoku, and Hokkaido (and Sakhalin, according to some authors) while 5.caecut'ensacrosstheEurasianContinent(andinSakhalinaccordingtosomeauthors),S. caecutiens across the Eurasian Continent (and in Sakhalin according to some authors). essentiallyfollowingThomas,s(1907)position(e.g.Imaizumi1949,1960;Sokolov1973;essentially following Thomas's (1907) position (e.g. Imaizumi 1949, 1960; Sokolov 1973; YoshiyukiandImaizumi1986;PavlinovandRossolimo1987;Hutterer1993;Pavlinovetal.Yoshiyuki and Imaizumi 1986; Pavlinov and Rossolimo 1987; Hutterer 1993; Pavlinov et aJ. 1995;WolsanandHutterer1998).Inaddition,Imaizumi(1954)described8.choueifrom1995; Wolsan and Hutterer 1998). In addition, lmaizumi (1954) described S. chouei from Honshuasanewspecies,althoughthiswaslatersynonymizedwith8.cαHonshu as a new species, although this was later synonymized with S. caeculiensθc纏 θη5(Abe1967, (Abe 1967, 1994,1996)or∫.shinto(Imaizumi1970;Hutterer1993).1994, 1996) or S. shinto (Imaizumi 1970; Hutterer 1993). TherehasbeentheadditionalcontroversyinJapanconcerningthetaxonomicstatusofThere has been the additional controversy in 1 apan concerning the taxonomic status of theSadoshrewaspartofthecαec〃tiens/shintogroup.Thistaxonwasfirstdescribedbythe Sado shrew as part of the caecutiensl shinto group. This taxon was first described by YoshiyukiandImaizumi(1986)fromSadoIsland.Whilesomeauthorstreatitasanin-Yoshiyuki and Imaizumi (1986) from Sado Island. While some authors treat it as an in­ dependentspecies,S.sad傭SYoshiyukietImaizumi,1986(e.g.Abe1994,1996;Wolsananddependent species, S. sadonis Yoshiyuki et lmaizumi, 1986 (e.g. Abe 1994, 1996; Wolsan and Hutterer1998),otherssuggestthatitshouldbeconsideredasubspeciesof3.shinto,S.5.Hutterer 1998), others suggest thai il should be considered a subspecies of S. shinto, S. s. sadonis5・adonis(Ohdachietal.1997a;Koyasu1998). (Ohdachi el aI. 1997a; Koyasu 1998). OhdachietaL(1997a)recentlyusedtheDNAsequencesofthemitochondrialcyto-Ohdachi
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Revision of the Mole Genus Mogera (Mammalia: Lipotyphla: Talpidae)
    Systematics and Biodiversity 5 (2): 223–240 Issued 25 May 2007 doi:10.1017/S1477200006002271 Printed in the United Kingdom C The Natural History Museum Shin-ichiro Kawada1, 6 , Akio Shinohara2 , Shuji Revision of the mole genus Mogera Kobayashi3 , Masashi Harada4 ,Sen-ichiOda1 & (Mammalia: Lipotyphla: Talpidae) Liang-Kong Lin5 ∗ 1Laboratory of Animal from Taiwan Management and Resources, Graduate School of Bio-Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan Abstract We surveyed the central mountains and southeastern region of Taiwan 2Department of Bio-resources, and collected 11 specimens of a new species of mole, genus Mogera. The specimens Division of Biotechnology, were characterized by a small body size, dark fur, a protruding snout, and a long Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki tail; these characteristics are distinct from those of the Taiwanese lowland mole, 5200, Kihara, Kiyotake, M. insularis (Swinhoe, 1862). A phylogenetic study of morphological, karyological Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan 3Department of Asian Studies, and molecular characters revealed that Taiwanese moles should be classified as two Chukyo Woman’s University, distinctive species: M. insularis from the northern and western lowlands and the new Yokone-cho, Aichi 474-0011, species from the central mountains and the east and south of Taiwan. The skull of Japan 4Laboratory Animal Center, the new species was slender and delicate compared to that of M. insularis. Although Osaka City University Graduate the karyotypes of two species were identical, the genetic distance between them School of Medical School, Osaka, Osaka 545-8585, Japan was sufficient to justify considering each as a separate species. Here, we present a 5Laboratory of Wildlife Ecology, detailed specific description of the new species and discuss the relationship between Department of Life Science, this species and M.
    [Show full text]
  • Controlled Animals
    Environment and Sustainable Resource Development Fish and Wildlife Policy Division Controlled Animals Wildlife Regulation, Schedule 5, Part 1-4: Controlled Animals Subject to the Wildlife Act, a person must not be in possession of a wildlife or controlled animal unless authorized by a permit to do so, the animal was lawfully acquired, was lawfully exported from a jurisdiction outside of Alberta and was lawfully imported into Alberta. NOTES: 1 Animals listed in this Schedule, as a general rule, are described in the left hand column by reference to common or descriptive names and in the right hand column by reference to scientific names. But, in the event of any conflict as to the kind of animals that are listed, a scientific name in the right hand column prevails over the corresponding common or descriptive name in the left hand column. 2 Also included in this Schedule is any animal that is the hybrid offspring resulting from the crossing, whether before or after the commencement of this Schedule, of 2 animals at least one of which is or was an animal of a kind that is a controlled animal by virtue of this Schedule. 3 This Schedule excludes all wildlife animals, and therefore if a wildlife animal would, but for this Note, be included in this Schedule, it is hereby excluded from being a controlled animal. Part 1 Mammals (Class Mammalia) 1. AMERICAN OPOSSUMS (Family Didelphidae) Virginia Opossum Didelphis virginiana 2. SHREWS (Family Soricidae) Long-tailed Shrews Genus Sorex Arboreal Brown-toothed Shrew Episoriculus macrurus North American Least Shrew Cryptotis parva Old World Water Shrews Genus Neomys Ussuri White-toothed Shrew Crocidura lasiura Greater White-toothed Shrew Crocidura russula Siberian Shrew Crocidura sibirica Piebald Shrew Diplomesodon pulchellum 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic and Morphologic Diversity of the Moles (Talpomorpha, Talpidae, Mogera) from the Continental Far East
    Received: 15 August 2018 | Revised: 23 December 2018 | Accepted: 26 December 2018 DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12272 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Genetic and morphologic diversity of the moles (Talpomorpha, Talpidae, Mogera) from the continental Far East Elena Zemlemerova1,2 | Alexey Abramov3 | Alexey Kryukov4 | Vladimir Lebedev5 | Mi-Sook Min6 | Seo-Jin Lee6 | Anna Bannikova2 1A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Abstract Moscow, Russia Taxonomy of the East Asian moles of the genus Mogera is still controversial. Based on 2 Lomonosov Moscow State University, the sequence data of 12 nuclear genes and one mitochondrial gene, we examine ge- Moscow, Russia netic variation in the Mogera wogura species complex and demonstrate that M. ro- 3Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia busta, from the continental Far East, and M. wogura, from the Japanese Islands, are 4Federal Scientific Center of the East not conspecific. Our data do not support the existence of two or more species of Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Mogera in the Russian Far East. We suggest that the form “coreana” from the Korean Vladivostok, Russia Peninsula should be treated as a subspecies of M. robusta. Our morphological analy- 5 Zoological Museum, Lomonosov Moscow sis shows that M. r. coreana differs from typical M. robusta, from Primorye, primarily State University, Moscow, Russia in its smaller size. We show that there is strong morphological variability among con- 6Conservation Genome Resource Bank for Korean Wildlife (CGRB), Research Institute tinental moles, which may be associated with ecological and geographical factors. for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary The time since the split between M.
    [Show full text]
  • Convergent Evolution of Olfactory and Thermoregulatory Capacities in Small Amphibious Mammals
    Convergent evolution of olfactory and thermoregulatory capacities in small amphibious mammals Quentin Martineza,1, Julien Clavelb,c, Jacob A. Esselstynd,e, Anang S. Achmadif, Camille Grohég,h, Nelly Piroti,j, and Pierre-Henri Fabrea,k aInstitut des Sciences de l’Évolution de Montpellier (ISEM), CNRS, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier (UM), UMR 5554, 34095 Montpellier, France; bDepartment of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, SW7 5DB London, United Kingdom; cUniv. Lyon Laboratoire d’Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, UMR CNRS 5023, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l’État (ENTPE), F‐69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France; dMuseum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803; eDepartment of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803; fMuseum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), 16911 Cibinong, Indonesia; gDivision of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024; hLaboratoire Paléontologie Évolution Paléoécosystèmes Paléoprimatologie (PALEVOPRIM, UMR 7262, CNRS-Institut écologie et environnement [INEE]), Université de Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, Cedex 9, France; iInstitut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, U1194 UM, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), F-34298 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France; jRéseau d’Histologie Expérimentale de Montpellier, UMS3426 CNRS-US009 INSERM-UM, 34298 Montpellier, France; and kMammal Section, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, SW7 5DB London, United Kingdom Edited by David B. Wake, University of California, Berkeley, CA, and approved February 28, 2020 (received for review October 11, 2019) Olfaction and thermoregulation are key functions for mammals. The partitioning has been documented in histological, airflow dynamic, former is critical to feeding, mating, and predator avoidance behaviors, and performance test studies (9–13).
    [Show full text]
  • Lack of Genetic Divergence Between Mogera Wogura Coreana from Korea and M. W. Robusta from Northeastern China and Adjacent Russi
    Animal Cells and Systems Vol. 16, No. 5, October 2012, 408Á414 Lack of genetic divergence between Mogera wogura coreana from Korea and M. w. robusta from Northeastern China and adjacent Russia (Soricomorpha: Mammalia), reexamined from 12S rRNA and cytochrome b sequences Hung Sun Koh*, Kyung Hee Jang, Eui Dong Han, Jae Eun Jo, Seon Ki Jeong, Eui Jeong Ham, Jong Hyek Lee, Kwang Seon Kim, Seong Teek In and Gu Hee Kweon Department of Biology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea (Received 5 February 2012; received in revised form 9 May 2012; accepted 15 May 2012) To reexamine taxonomic status of endemic Mogera wogura coreana from Korea, we first obtained partial 12S rRNA sequences (893 bp) and complete cytochrome b gene sequences (1140 bp) of this subspecies, and these sequences and partial cytochrome b sequences (402 bp) were compared to the corresponding haplotypes of M. wogura from East Asia, obtained from GenBank. The one of three 12S rRNA haplotypes in M. w. coreana was identical to one 12S rRNA haplotype of M. w. robusta from East Asia: 10 complete and 13 partial cytochrome b haplotypes of M. w. coreana formed a single clade with one complete and four partial cytochrome b haplotypes of M. w. robusta, respectively. We considered that M. w. coreana from Korea is an endemic subspecies with only morphological differences, although it is necessary to reexamine the subspecies status of M. w. coreana. Additionally, in the 12S rRNA and complete cytochrome b sequences, M. wogura from Japan was distinct from the two continental subspecies of M.
    [Show full text]
  • Mole Activity Ted Du Bois 8
    September 2013 Master Thesis Environmental Biology University Utrecht Supervisor: dr. Pita Verweij Index Index.................................................................................................................................. 2 Summary ........................................................................................................................... 3 Chapter 1: Introduction...................................................................................................... 4 1.1 The mammal as pest...................................................................................................................................................4 1.2 The mole ..........................................................................................................................................................................4 1.3 Research question .......................................................................................................................................................6 Chapter 2: The influence of endogenous mechanisms on mole activity .............................. 7 2.1 Circadian rhythm in moles ......................................................................................................................................7 2.1.1 The presence of neural structures .....................................................................................................................8 2.1.2 Circadian rhythm in vitro......................................................................................................................................8
    [Show full text]
  • Coccidian Parasites (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Insectivores
    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of 1989 Coccidian Parasites (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Insectivores. VIII. Four New Species from the Star-Nosed Mole, Condylura cristata Donald W. Duszynski University of New Mexico, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs Part of the Parasitology Commons Duszynski, Donald W., "Coccidian Parasites (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) from Insectivores. VIII. Four New Species from the Star-Nosed Mole, Condylura cristata" (1989). Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. 148. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/parasitologyfacpubs/148 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Parasitology, Harold W. Manter Laboratory of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. J. Parasitol., 75(4), 1989, p. 514-518 ? American Society of Parasitologists 1989 COCCIDIANPARASITES (APICOMPLEXA: EIMERIIDAE) FROM INSECTIVORES.VIII. FOUR NEW SPECIES FROMTHE STAR-NOSEDMOLE, CONDYLURA CRISTATA Donald W. Duszynski Department of Biology, The Universityof New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131 ABsTRACT:Twenty-four star-nosed moles, Condyluracristata, collected from the northeasternUnited States (Maine, Massachusetts,Ohio, Vermont) were examined for coccidian oocysts. All of the moles were infected with from 1 to 4 species of coccidia representing2 eimerianand 3 isosporanspp., but oocysts of only 4 of these species were presentin sufficientnumbers for detailed study; these are describedas new. Sporulatedoocysts of Eimeria condyluraen.
    [Show full text]
  • Alexis Museum Loan NM
    STANFORD UNIVERSITY STANFORD, CALIFORNIA 94305-5020 DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGY PH. 650.725.2655 371 Serrra Mall FAX 650.723.0589 http://www.stanford.edu/group/hadlylab/ [email protected] 4/26/13 Joseph A. Cook Division of Mammals The Museum of Southwestern Biology at the University of New Mexico Dear Joe: I am writing on behalf of my graduate student, Alexis Mychajliw and her collaborator, Nat Clarke, to request the sampling of museum specimens (tissue, skins, skeletons) for DNA extraction for use in our study on the evolution of venom genes within Eulipotyphlan mammals. Please find included in this request the catalogue numbers of the desired specimens, as well as a summary of the project in which they will be used. We have prioritized the use of frozen or ethanol preserved tissues to avoid the destruction of museum skins, and seek tissue samples from other museums if only skins are available for a species at MSB. The Hadly lab has extensive experience in the non-destructive sampling of specimens for genetic analyses. Thank you for your consideration and assistance with our research. Please contact Alexis ([email protected]) with any questions or concerns regarding our project or sampling protocols, or for any additional information necessary for your decision and the processing of this request. Alexis is a first-year student in my laboratory at Stanford and her project outline is attached. As we are located at Stanford University, we are unable to personally pick up loan materials from the MSB. We request that you ship materials to us in ethanol or buffer.
    [Show full text]
  • Talpid Mole Phylogeny Unites Shrew Moles and Illuminates Overlooked Cryptic Species Diversity Kai He,‡,†,1,2 Akio Shinohara,†,3 Kristofer M
    Talpid Mole Phylogeny Unites Shrew Moles and Illuminates Overlooked Cryptic Species Diversity Kai He,‡,†,1,2 Akio Shinohara,†,3 Kristofer M. Helgen,4 Mark S. Springer,5 Xue-Long Jiang,*,1 and Kevin L. Campbell*,2 1State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China 2Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MN , Canada 3Department of Bio-resources, Division of Biotechnology, Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan 4National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 5Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA ‡Present address: The Kyoto University Museum, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan †These authors contributed equally to this work. *Corresponding authors: E-mails: [email protected]; [email protected] Associate editor: Emma Teeling Abstract The mammalian family Talpidae (moles, shrew moles, desmans) is characterized by diverse ecomorphologies associated with terrestrial, semi-aquatic, semi-fossorial, fossorial, and aquatic-fossorial lifestyles. Prominent specializations involved with these different lifestyles, and the transitions between them, pose outstanding questions regarding the evolutionary history within the family, not only for living but also for fossil taxa. Here, we investigate the phylogenetic relationships, divergence times, and biogeographic history of the family using 19 nuclear and 2 mitochondrial genes (16 kb) from 60% of described species representing all 17 genera. Our phylogenetic analyses help settle classical questions in the evolution of moles, identify an ancient (mid-Miocene) split within the monotypic genus Scaptonyx, and indicate that talpid species richness may be nearly 30% higher than previously recognized. Our results also uniformly support the monophyly of long-tailed moles with the two shrew mole tribes and confirm that the Gansu mole is the sole living Asian member of an otherwise North American radiation.
    [Show full text]
  • Urotrichus Talpoides)
    Molecular phylogeny of a newfound hantavirus in the Japanese shrew mole (Urotrichus talpoides) Satoru Arai*, Satoshi D. Ohdachi†, Mitsuhiko Asakawa‡, Hae Ji Kang§, Gabor Mocz¶, Jiro Arikawaʈ, Nobuhiko Okabe*, and Richard Yanagihara§** *Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan; †Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan; ‡School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan; §John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96813; ¶Pacific Biosciences Research Center, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822; and ʈInstitute for Animal Experimentation, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan Communicated by Ralph M. Garruto, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY, September 10, 2008 (received for review August 8, 2008) Recent molecular evidence of genetically distinct hantaviruses in primers based on the TPMV genome, we have targeted the shrews, captured in widely separated geographical regions, cor- discovery of hantaviruses in shrew species from widely separated roborates decades-old reports of hantavirus antigens in shrew geographical regions, including the Chinese mole shrew (Anouro- tissues. Apart from challenging the conventional view that rodents sorex squamipes) from Vietnam (21), Eurasian common shrew are the principal reservoir hosts, the recently identified soricid- (Sorex araneus) from Switzerland (22), northern short-tailed shrew borne hantaviruses raise the possibility that other soricomorphs, (Blarina brevicauda), masked shrew (Sorex cinereus), and dusky notably talpids, similarly harbor hantaviruses. In analyzing RNA shrew (Sorex monticolus) from the United States (23, 24) and Ussuri extracts from lung tissues of the Japanese shrew mole (Urotrichus white-toothed shrew (Crocidura lasiura) from Korea (J.-W.
    [Show full text]
  • Karyotype Evolution of Shrew Moles (Soricomorpha: Talpidae)
    Journal of Mammalogy, 89(6):1428–1434, 2008 KARYOTYPE EVOLUTION OF SHREW MOLES (SORICOMORPHA: TALPIDAE) SHIN-ICHIRO KAWADA,* SONG LI,YING-XIANG WANG,ORIN B. MOCK,SEN-ICHI ODA, AND KEVIN L. CAMPBELL Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 3-23-1, Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan (SK) Mammalogy Division, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China (SL, Y-XW) Department of Anatomy, Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, A. T. University of Health Sciences, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA (OBM) Laboratory of Animal Management and Resources, Graduate School of Bio-Agricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8601, Japan (SO) Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada (KLC) The Chinese long-tailed mole (Scaptonyx fusicaudus) closely resembles American (Neurotrichus gibbsii) and Japanese (Dymecodon pilirostris and Urotrichus talpoides) shrew moles in size, appearance, and ecological habits, yet it has traditionally been classified either together with (viz subfamily Urotrichinae) or separately (tribe Scaptonychini) from the latter genera (tribe Urotrichini sensu lato). We explored the merit of these competing hypotheses by comparing the differentially stained karyotypes of S. fusicaudus and N. gibbsii with those previously reported for both Japanese taxa. With few exceptions, diploid chromosome number (2n ¼ 34), fundamental autosomal number (FNa ¼ 64), relative size, and G-banding pattern of S. fusicaudus were indistinguishable from those of D. pilirostris and U. talpoides. In fact, only chromosome 15 differed significantly between these species, being acrocentric in D. pilirostris, subtelocentric in U. talpoides, and metacentric in S. fusicaudus. This striking similarity is difficult to envisage except in light of a shared common ancestry, and is indicative of an exceptionally low rate of chromosomal evolution among these genera.
    [Show full text]
  • Surface Foraging in Scapanus Moles
    Mammalia 2017; aop Vladimir Dinets* Surface foraging in Scapanus moles DOI 10.1515/mammalia-2016-0091 species that forages underwater, underground and on the Received July 3, 2016; accepted November 29, 2016 surface (Condylura; Nowak 1999, Smith and Xie 2013). Western American moles (Scapanus) are believed Abstract: Some mole genera, including Scapanus of west- to be exclusively underground foragers (Stephens 1906 ern North America, are usually considered to be fully fos- and virtually all subsequent works), although they are sorial. I present data showing that surface foraging is used known to forage under snow in winter in colder parts of by adults of all four Scapanus species, and evidence that their range (Pedersen 1963). Regular occurrence of their such foraging is not a particularly rare behavior. Scapanus remains in owl pellets and among animals killed by moles forage on the surface when leaf litter is wet and domestic cats and dogs (Giger 1965, Maser and Brodie does not produce much noise; they also move slowly, 1966) and by other predators (see Carraway et al. 1993 for remain within a small area, and usually forage in places an overview) is interpreted as evidence of either surface with dense cover. These adaptations decrease the risk of dispersal by juveniles (Giger 1965, Verts and Carraway predation and make surface foraging behavior difficult to 2001) or movement of males seeking females (Naughton detect for human observers. Numerous unpublished and 2012). The former view is supported by the fact that almost a few published observations suggest that many, if not all skulls collected from owl and raptor pellets belong to all, species in other “fully fossorial” mole genera forage juveniles (Pedersen 1963, Giger 1965).
    [Show full text]