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MARGINAL NOTES Ministry of Rene Fontaine Northern Development Mini©iter Sedimentary rocks of Ordovician age occur in Renfrew County in a tion consists ol limestone of varying crystallinity and bedding George Tough number of fault blocks downthrown by tectonic events of probable thickness, with thin shale interbeds. The nodular texture of the and Mines DepuTy Minister Cretaceous age. Parts of three of these fault blocks occur in the limestone beds is characteristic of Ihe formation. The upper con Ontario eastern part of the Golden Lake map area. Satterly (1945) and tact is regarded as marked by an increase in the shale content by Lumbers (1982) present generalized maps of the Paleozoic strata Williams and Rae (1984). The overlying unit, named the Eastview of the map area; however, neither of-these authors studied the Formation by A.E. Wilson (1946) is interbedded calcareous, some Ontario Geological Survey sedimentary sequence in any detail. Kay (1942) carried out a what organic, shale and limestone. Based on an extensive drilling stratigraphic reconnaissance sludy of the Paleozoic rocks, but program in equivalent strata throughout southern Ontario, Russell MAP P.2729 concentrated on their fossil content. Barnes (1967) made a de and Telford (1983) redefined the upper unit as the Collingwood Geological Series - Preliminary Map tailed study of the sedimentology and conodont paleontology of Member of the Lindsay Formation. The lower contact of the Collin three sections of restricted vertical extent located in this and the gwood Member tends to be gradational, whereas the upper con Cobden map area (map P.2730, see index map). This map is one tact, between it and the non-calcareous shales ol the Blue Moun of a series of map sheets showing the Paleozoic geology of the tain Formation (Billings Formation in the Ottawa Valley) is rather Ottawa Valley (e.g. Williams and Rae 1984; Williams. Wolf and Rae sharp. The Collingwood Member, as so defined, occurs in south PALEOZOIC GEOLOGY 1984) and Renfrew County. western Renfrew County in restricted stream exposures. The major structural feature of the Renfrew County area is the Thicknesses of both the Lindsay Formation ( sensu stricto ) GOLDEN LAKE AREA Ottawa-Bonnechere Graben, a northwesterly trending feature of and the Collingwood Member are impossible to determine. At least Cretaceous age. Within this feature northwest of Renfrew County, 15 m of the former is present in the area, but this represents only SOUTHERN ONTARIO at Brent (PA940990), Restoule (PB103060) and Lake Nipissing half of thai encountered in the Geological Survey of Canada Russell well (Williams, Rae and Wolf 1985). A total thickness of (PB100240), additional (aull blocks occur which contain Middle Scalb l 50 000 Ordovician rocks The Lake Timiskaming outlier (NC970620) con 10.7 m of strata equivalent to the Collingwood Member was tains Middle and Upper Ordovician strata equivalent in age to the intersected in the Ontario Geological Survey S.I.S. well 10 fres 1000 O upper parts of the sequence in Renfrew County. Formations of (Johnson eta/. 1983). Lower Ordovician age do not extend northwest of Renfrew County. The Golden Lake map area is characterized by abundant outcrop of Precambrian and. to a lesser extent, Paleozoic rock. PALEOZOIC ROCK OUTCROPS IN THE GOLDEN The distribution of these rocks is controlled by northwest trending LAKE AREA NTS Reference: 31 F/11 faults, which reflect the orientalion of the Ottawa-Bonnechere ODM-GSC Aeromagnetic Map: 1435G Graben (Kay 1952; Lumbers 1980) within which the area lies. The Although outcrop of Paleozoic rock is relatively plentiful in the OGS Geological Compilation Map: 2441 faults are frequently manifested by steep scarps (e.g. north of eastern pan of the Golden Lake map area, all but two of Ihe Eganville (UF360450)) and also control the location of lakes outcrops are assigned to Ihe composite Gull River/Boycageon unit. (Golden Lake, Lake Dore, Mink Lake) and drainage courses The only exceptions to this are two outcrops of Verulam Formation (Muskrat. Snake and Bonnechere Rivers). Outcrop of Paleozoic southeast of Eganville forming the banks of the Bonnechere River. 1985 Government of Ontario rock is abundant along the Bonnechere River, but tends lo be The outcrop farthest upstream has suffered some dolomitisation, Printed in Ontario. Canada covered by a thin layer of drift in Ihe areas east of Lake Dore and similarly to part of the Bobcaygeon Formation in this area. The in the northeast corner of the map area. Spectacular karstic diagnostic bryozoan fossil Prasopora is common in these outcrops. Parts of this publication may be quoted if credit is features (caves, widened joints) are developed in the Paleozoic The sections exposed in the northeast corner of the map area given and the material is properly referenced. limestones at Fourth Chule. on the Bonnechere River (UF432407). exhibit the problems of division of the Gull River and Bobcaygeon This map is published with the permission of V.G. Formations noted above. Clear examples of lithographic limestone Milne, Director. Ontario Geological Survey. overlying calcarenites are found northeast of Huckabowes Corners PALEOZOIC STRATIGRAPHY OF RENFREW (UF384639). In the fault block extending southeast from Lake s COUNTY Dore, outcop is rather sparse and is entirely of lithologicai associ ation b in the area covered by the Golden Lake map sheet. All Rocks of Lower. Middle and Upper Ordovician age occur in sev four lithologicai associations making up the Gull River/ Bob eral fault blocks in Renfrew County. Due to the relatively sparse caygeon composite unit are found in successive fault slices along outcrop of the Ordovician strata, the restricted stratigraphic range the Bonnechere River valley downstream of Eganville. Lithologicai of the available exposures, and the lack of borehole data, the association d, the dolomitised facies, is very well developed in stratigraphy of these units is not as well defined as in areas to the this heavily faulted area. At Fourth Chute, in the extreme south southeast (e.g. Williams and Rae 1984). The following general east corner of the map area, the best stratigraphic section through discussion of the Paleozoic rock units in Renfrew County is drawn the Gull River/Bobcaygeon unit is exposed in a series of spectac from observations from all six map-sheets which cover the area, ular water falls. This section also exhibits thin calcareniles under shown on the index map. Subdivisions of the Paleozoic sequence lying lithographic limestone. used by Williams and Rae (1984) for the Ottawa area have been employed, with minor revisions, in Renfrew County. INDEX TO The oldest Paleozoic unit in Renfrew County is the Lower STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY PRELIMINARY Ordovician Oxford Formation (A.E. Wilson 1946). The Nepean and PALEOZOIC The map area is transected by many steeply dipping, generally GEOLOGICAL March Formations, which underlie the Oxford Formation in Ihe northwest striking, faults or fault zones (including the Eganville, MAPS Arnprior area (Williams, Wolf and Rae 1984) therefore do not Douglas. Packenham, Deacon. Cochrane, Dore and Muskrat Faults IN THIS AREA extend any farther northwest. The Oxford Formation is character of Kay, 1946). These faults control the orientalion and location of ized by light to medium grey sublithographic to finely crystalline such features as Lake Dore, and Golden Lake and the Bonnechere dolostone of variable bedding thickness. The full stratigraphic River Valley. In areas underlain by Precambrian rock, many linear thickness of the formation is never exposed in Renfrew County. features which probably represent faults are apparent on Ihe l A K l O N T A^ ft_ l -O - .. - ..J M,E. Wilson (1924) estimated its thickness as a maximum of 9 m topographic map. However, only those faults which control the (30 feet) in the Arnprior area. Since the Oxford Formation is the outcrop distribution of Paleozoic rocks are shown on the map. The LEGEND lowest sedimentary unit in Renfrew County, its thickness may vary detection of faults with relatively small displacement is possible in considerably depending on local topography on the Precambrian areas with Paleozoic strata present. The faull distribution as surface. PALEOZOIC shown should not therefore be interpreted as showing the true UPPER ORDOVICIAN As with the Oxford Formation, the Rockcliffe Formation is fault density of the area. The differing symbols used on the map sparsely exposed, but is assumed to exist in the subsurface in all for faults does not imply an? ranking of importance, thinner sym the Paleozoic fault blocks of Renfrew County. Its lithology is bols being used in areas of greater outcrop density. ©Collingwood Member. Lindsay FormatifJh: highly variable, but it is an almost entirely terrigenous unit, varying interbedded, organic brown and dark grey The geometry of the faults follows the pattern of those in the calcareous shale and fine crystalline limestone. from blue-grey siltstones to red conglomerates. Thickness es rest of the Ottawa Valley. Fault traces are generally straight but timates for the Rockcliffe Formation in the Arnprior area range are commonly curved in the area of fault junctions. The displace from 15 to 30 m (50 to 100 feet; M.E. Wilson 1924. Kay 1942). MJDDLE-UPPER ORDOVICIAN ment at fault junctions is approximately equal^ to the sum of i v .r i *i ^-© x^^ i i The full stratigraphic thickness of the unit in Renfrew County is displacements along each set of faults which branches from the o A^ /y ^jU r s © ^ never exposed. junction. The largest fault displacements occur where Precambrian ^ AV( ^ 70^-^ i 3 r ©Lindsay Formalion: sublithographic to fine The division and nomenclature of the Middle and Upper Or rocks are faulted against those of the Gull River/Bobcaygeon .;,^pr X4^s ni crystalline limestone, nodular in part, with dovician carbonate strata of eastern Ontario, especially the se composite unit, giving a maximum displacement of 120 m. interbeds of calcarenite and shale. quence now referred to as the Gull River and Bobcaygeon Forma to^oS4^ ! tions, has been the subject of extensive discussion (see, for MIDDLE ORDOVICIAN example, Barnes 1967, 196B and Kay 1968). Disputes such as this ECONOMIC GEOLOGY often revolved around Ihe use of formalional names in both Verulam Formation: interbedded bioclastic lithostratigraphic and biostratigraphic senses. Liberty (1967) at Three quarries have worked the limestones of the Bobcaygeon limestone sublithographic to fine crystalline tempted to resolve this situation by employing the purely Formalion in the area of Eganville (Satterly 1945), but none are limestone and shale. lithostratigraphic subdivision of equivalent strata which occur west active at present. In the general area of the Ottawa-Bonnechere of the Frontenac Axis to the sequence east of the axis. This Graben, there are minor occurrences of low temperature vein Gull River and Bobcaygeon Formations: (a) nomenclature replaced Ihe term "Ottawa Formation" erected by mineralization {calcite-fluorite-barite-galena-sphalerite-chalco- dolostone and lithographic limestone: (b) finely Wilson (1946). Williams and Rae (1984) followed the suggestions pyrite) which cut Ordovician strata (Lumbers 1982; Williams, crystalline to lithographic limestone; (c) of Liberty (1967). but elevated the term "Ottawa" to group status, Wolf and Rae 1984). sublithographic limestone to calcarenite; (d) this occupying a similar position to the term "Simcoe Group" of coarsely crystalline dolostone. the area west of the Frontenac Axis. In the areas of the Ottawa Valley east of Arnprior, therefore, the Gull River, Bobcaygeon, REFERENCES "Rockcliffe Formation: red and green Verulam, and Lindsay Formations of the Ottawa Group are recog Barnes, C.R. conolomerates, sandstones and shales. nized. In Renfrew County, changes in the stratigraphic succession necessitate only slight modifications to this scheme. 1967: Stratigraphy and sedimentary environments of some wilder ness (Ordovician) limestones. Ottawa Valley, Ontario; Cana LOWER ORDOVICIAN The Gull River Formation is characterized by a dolomitic, shaly dian Journal of Earth Sciences, v.4, p.209-244. lower part (equivalent to the Pamelia Formation of New York State) 1968; Reply; Stratigraphy and sedimentary environments of some "Oxford Formation: sublithographic to finely and an upper section of very finely crystalline limestone, typified crystalline dolostone. by dove grey weathering lithographic limestone (equivalent to the Wilderness (Ordovician) limestones. Ottawa Valley, Ontario, by C.R. Barnes: Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v.5, Lowville and Chaumont Formations of New York State). Williams, UNCONFORMITY Wolf and Rae (1984) defined the upper contact of the Gull River p. 169-172. Formation in the Arnprior area as the top of the topmost lithog Johnson, M.D., Russell, D.J., and Telford, P.G. raphic bed. The overlying Bobcaygeon Formation is characterized 1983: Oil Shale Assessment Project, Volume 1, Shallow Drilling by coarse calcarenitic limestones interbedded with finely cry Results 1981/82; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Re Undifferentiated metamorphosed and igneous stalline limestones. In the area east of Renfrew County, sections port 5459, 20p. rocks. containing calcarenites have"no lithographic limestones: converse ly, those sections with lithographic limestone do not contain cal Kay, G.M. carenites. However, in many sections exposed in Renfrew County, 1942: Ottawa-Bonnechere graben and Lake Ontario homocline; * Indicates units which do not occur in the map area. lithographic and calcarenitic limestones are interbedded in the Geological Society of America. Bulletin, v.53, p.585-646. "Indicates units which occur in the map area only in the contact zone between the formations. Most of both the upper part 1968: Discussion: Stratigraphy and Sedimentary environments of subsurface. of the Gull River Formation and the lower pan of the Bobcaygeon some Wilderness (Ordovician) limestone, Ottawa Valley. On Formation is blue grey sublithographic to finely crystalline tario, by C.R, Barnes; Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, limestone; the "typifying lithology" (i.e. either lithographic or cal v.5, p. 166-169. SYMBOLS carenitic limestone) is not the dominant lithology in either forma Liberty, B.A. tion. Because of these difficulties, discrimination of the Gull River Bedrock outcrop Quarry and Bobcaygeon Formations has not been attempted in Renfrew 1967: Ordovician stratigraphy of southern Ontario: Ihe Ottawa County, a composite unit being shown on the maps. However, Valley problem: p.49-50 in Abstracts of papers, Geological ] Geological Fault, position individual outcrops have been labelled according to the dominant Association of Canada- Mineralogical Association of boundary, position approximate (arrow lithologicai associalions present at that location. The subdivi Canada, International Meeting. approximate indicates sions are as follows: Lumbers, S.B. downthrown side) Lithologicai Association Description 1980; Geological setting of alkalic rock-carbonalite complexes in a interbedded silty dolostones, lithographic to fine limestone eastern Canada; p.81-89 in Proceedings of the 1st Interna SOURCES OF INFORMATION and shale (i.e. the lower part of the Gull River Formation). tional Symposium on Carbonatites, edited by J,C. Brager, b generally sublithographic lo finely crystalline, with minor Pocos de Caldos. Brazil. Topography from map 31 F/11 of the National Topographic Series. lithographic blue-grey, limestone (i.e. Ihe upper part of Ihe 1982: Summary of Metallogeny. Renfrew County Area; Ontario Metric Conversion factor: 1 foot - 0.3048 m. Gull River and lower part of Ihe Bobcaygeon Formatons); Geological Survey Report 212, 58p. Accompanied by Maps c interbedded sublithographic to fine limestone and coarse 2459, 2460, 2461 and 2426. scale 1:100 000 and chart. calcarenitic limestone (i.e. Bobcaygeon Formation); Russell. D.J. and Telford, P.G. CREDITS d medium bedded coarsely crystalline dolostones (only 1983: Revisions to the Stratigraphy of the Upper Ordovician Collin associated with fault zones). gwood beds of Ontario - a potential oil shale; Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 20, p. 1780-1790. Thicknesses of either formation or the composite unit are impos Geology by D.J. Russell and DA Williams, 1981. 1983. and 1984. sible to determine with any accuracy due to the lack of borehole Satterly, J. data and of outcrops exposing useful sections, Kay (1942) es 1945: Mineral Occurrences in the Renfrew area; Ontario Depart Every possible effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of timated a lotal thickness of 81 m (270 feet) for strata between the ment ol Mines, v.53(3), 139p. Rockcliffe and the Verulam Formation. However, this is based on the information presented on this map; however, the Ontario Min broad extrapolation of dips and outcrop widths, and may be Williams, D.A. and Rae, A.M: istry of Northern Development and Mines does not assume any seriously in error. In the closest drillhole, the Lebrelon well at 1984: Paleozoic geology of the Ottawa area; Ontario Geological liability for errors that may occur. Users may wish to verify critical Ottawa (Williams and Rae, 1984), the Gull River Formation is 42.7 Survey Preliminary Map P2716, scale 1:50 000. information: sources include both the references listed here, and m thick and the Bobcaygeon Formation is 86.6 m thick. information on file at the Resident or Regional Geologist©s Office Williams, D.A.. Wolf, R.R. and Rae, A.M, and the Mining Recorder©s Office nearest the map area. Subdivision of the upper part of the Ottawa Group is less 1984; Paleozoic geology of the Arnprior-Ouyon area; Ontario Geo contentious. The Verulam Formation is characterized by thin inter- logical Survey Preliminary Map P2726, scale 1:50 000. beds of limestone and shale. The limestone beds vary from Issued 1985 sublithographic to calcarenitic, are often bioclastic, and are very Williams, D.A., Rae. A.M. and Wolf. R.R. thin to medium bedded. The shale is dark grey and blue grey, 1985: Paleozoic geology of the Russell-Thurso area; Ontario Geo Information from this publication may be quoted if credit is given. usually fissile, and occurs in beds less than 8 ©cm thick. A logical Survey Preliminary Map P2717, scale 1:50000. It is recommended that reference to this map be made in the following form: minimum thickness of 15 m can be established from Ihe available Wilson, A.E. © © data in Renfrew County, which is less than half of the thickness of 1946: Geology of the Ottawa-St. Lawrence Lowland, Ontario and 32 m of Verulam Formation found in the Geological Survey of Quebec; Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir 241, 66 p. Canada Russell well, drilled in the Russell-Thurso area to the east Russell, D.J. and Williams, D.A. (Williams, Rae and Wolf 1985). Wilson. M.E. 19S5: Paleozoic Geology of the Golden Lake Area, South The Lindsay Formation outcrops sparsely, and only in Ihe 1924: Arnprior-Quyon and Maniwaki area, Ontario and Quebec; ern Ontario; Ontario Geological Survey, Geological Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir 136, 152p. Series - Preliminary Map P. 2729. Scale 1:50 000, southweslern part of Renfrew County on the south side of Lake 4G©-30©j Clear, As defined by Williams and Rae (1984), the Lindsay Forma Geology 1981 r 1983, 1984. 05© 77-00©