American Journalists War Correspondents in the War of Spain
A Brief History of the War of Spain as writen by the International War Correspondents that covered it. (A Compilation made by Prof. Saturnino Aguado, University of Alcalá - Spain) American journalists Ernest Hemingway, Martha Gellhorn, Virginia Cowles, Edgar Mowrer, George L. Steer, Herbert Matthews, H.R. Knickerbocker, Jay Allen, John T. Whitaker, John Dos Passos, Vincent Sheean, Jim Lardner, George Seldes, Lawrence Fernsworth, Edmond Taylor as well as other foreign correspondents, like Harold G. Cardozo, Vernon Bartlett and Cedric Salter (british), Felix Correia (portuguese), Javier E. Yndart (argentinian), Noel Monks (australian), Geoffrey Cox (new zealander), Pierre van Paassen (dutch), O. D. Gallagher (south african)… covered the Spanish War for their newspapers. Particularly interesting were the reports written by Knickerbocker, Allen, Cowles, Whitaker, Taylor, Monks and Cardozo, as they were allowed to be in Franco`s Spain and follow Franco`s troops in their advance towards Madrid in the summer-autumn of 1936 and in other campaigns. This is what some of them wrote: “The tidal wave of Fascism was rushing onward. It was in March 1936, that Hitler took his first important step toward shattering the whole existing structure of Europe, by moving into the Rhineland... In Spain, Fascism took the form and name of Falangism. Defeated in the February elections, the reactionaries were triumphantly returning by extra-legal, undemocratic methods. When they had created a complete state of chaos, the Army, backed by Italy and Germany, stepped in –and the result was a civil war... The Italian conquest of Abyssinia, completed on May 5 of that same year, 1936, encouraged Fascists and reactionaries everywhere, and nowhere more than in Spain.
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