Article Acokanthera Oppositifolia Óan Ornamental Poisonous Plant
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Green Page: Article Acokanthera oppositifolia óAn ornamental poisonous plant Sandeep Kumar and H B Singh* Raw Materials Herbarium and Museum National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, CSIR, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi-110 012, India *Correspondent author, E-mail: [email protected] Received 30 August 2005; Accepted 20 November 2005 Abstract irregular Out of total five species of Acokanthera G. Don, two South and East African species, menstruation2. The Acokanthera oblongifolia (Hochst.) Codd. and A. oppositifolia (Lam.) Codd are plant is said to be grown as ornamental shrub or small trees in Indian gardens. The flowers are sweet scented and used for stress- fruits are attractive like black plum but whole plant is highly poisonous. The paper highlights the related ailments6 reported medicinal and poisonous properties of latter species and suggests not growing this and in the treatment species in school premises or public places. of snake bite, spiders Keywords: Acokanthera oblongifolia, Acokanthera oppositifolia, Poisonous, bite, tapeworms, Medicinal, Ornamental, Sarp, Bushman poison bush, Poison bush. anthrax, cold, IPC code; Int. cl.7 — A61K 35/78, A01G 1/00 tooth and Acokanthera oppositifolia Milky sap or latex contains several stomachache7,8. (Lam.) Codd. syn. Cestrum cardiac glycosides out of them Acovenoside- Though, it is a beautiful ornamental oppositifolium Lam. Family A, responsible for heart failure due to cardiac plant, it may not be grown in school Apocynaceae, commonly known as abnormalities2, a major compound, is said campuses and at public places. Bushman poison bush or Poison bush to be highly toxic and can cause death even (Hindi—Sarp) is a beautiful small with minute doses. It also contains trypsin References evergreen, woody shrub or small tree with and chymotrypsin proteinase inhibitors3. 1. Website, http://www.up.ac.za/academic/ white latex. It is native of South Africa, usually Beside this, the poisonous compounds botany/garden/species/59.html. found growing under the shade on forest present in the plant are used as an ingredient 2. Steenkamp V: Traditional herbal remedies margins all over the South Africa except the of hunting poisons, which is known as used by South African women for gynaecological complaints, J drier parts. In India, it is commonly grown in Quabain (a mixture of wood extract of this Ethnopharmacol, 2003, 86(1), 97-108. gardens for its beautiful flowers, which are species mixed with Euphorbia latex and 3. Konarev AV, Griffin J, Konechnaya GYu and arranged in clusters. Flowers are white or Acacia gum) applied to arrow. Quabain can Shewry PR, The distribution of serine tinged pink in colour, sweet scented. The be absorbed through skin; death may follow proteinase inhibitors in seeds of the Asteridae, plant flowered profusely from mid February 20 minutes after injection into blood stream4. Phytochemistry, 2004, 65(22), 3003-3020. onwards followed by fruiting. The fruits are The milky sap is traditionally used in Africa 4. Mabberly, DJ, the plant book: A Portable rounded or plum shaped greenish red when by tribal people to form the part of the Dictionary of the Higher Plants, Cambridge, U. K., 1990, p.6. unripe and turn purplish black on maturity. cocktail used to poison the tips of their 5. Bisset NG, Arrow and dart poisons, 5 It withstands considerable drought and frost notoriously toxic arrows in hunting . The J Ethnopharmacol, 1989, 25(1), 1-41. and can be propagated from seeds or semi- toxic effects of the latex exhibits pain, 6. Hutchings A and Staden JV, Plants used for hardwood cuttings. Though all the parts of cramping, pawing at the mouth, diarrhoea, stress-related ailments in traditional Zulu, plant are reported to be poisonous but in cardiac dysrhythmias, conduction defects Xhosa and Sotho Medicine, Part 1: Plants used varying amount. The seed contains the highest and hyperkalemia. for headaches, J Ethnopharmacol,1994, 43(2), 89-124. concentration of the poisonous compound, Although it is a poisonous plant, it 7. Website, http://www.plantzafrica.com/ wood, stem and leaves less and the fruits is used by tribal people in Africa for the plantab/acokantheropposit.htm. contain the least. Many birds eat the fruits treatment of various ailments. For instance, 8. Website, http://www.gateway-africa.com/ with apparent impurity and disgorge the the infusion of the root bark is used to treat fuanaflora/Plants/ stones, which germinate freely1. gynaecological complaints, excessive and Acokanthera_oblongifolia.html). 124 Natural Product Radiance.