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ANNOTATED INDEX OF NAMES Page numbers in italic type refer to sender/addressee of dispatch. Abdul Hamid II (1842–1918), Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1876–1909). 151, 163, 168, 175, 176 Abdulaziz¨ (1842–1918), Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1861–1876). 112 Abeken, Christian von (1826–1890), Saxon jurist and statesman. Minister of justice (1871–1890). 318, 319–320, 322–323, 330, 338, 407 Abeken, Heinrich (1809–1872), Prussian theologian and diplomat. Vortragender Rat in the Prussian foreign ministry. 45 Abel, Carl (1837–1906), philologist, translator, and journalist. Berlin correspondent of the Daily Telegraph, Evening Standard,andThe Times (1865–1878). 56, 85, 130, 131n Abel, Charles (1824–1895), lawyer and politician from Alsace-Lorraine. Member of the Reichstag (1874–1878). 123 Abel, Karl August von (1788–1859), Bavarian statesman. Minister of the interior (1837– 1847); envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Turin (1847–1850). 489 Adam, Juliette (1836–1936), nee´ Lambert; French author and feminist. 190 Adams, Sir Francis Ottiwell (1825–1889), British diplomat. Secretary of legation at Tokyo (1868); secretary of embassy at Berlin (1872) and Paris (1874; with rank of minister from 1879); envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at Berne (1881–1888). 23, 69, 82, 83, 84–85, 172 Aguesseau, Henri Franc¸ois d’ (1668–1751), three times chancellor of France, from 1717. 319 Ahmed Muhtar Pasha (1839–1919), Ottoman general and statesman. Governor of Crete (1875–1876; 1878); grand vizier (1912). 128 Ahmed Urabi (1841–1911), Egyptian army officer and nationalist leader. Undersecretary of war and a leading cabinet member during the Egyptian revolt (1879–1882). 175, 178n Albert (1828–1902), Crown Prince of Saxony. King of Saxony from 1873. 269, 272, 289, 295, 309, 311–313, 323–324, 350, 356, 376–377, 384, 387, 464, 501 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.14, on 26 Sep 2021 at 04:50:29, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960116316000105 530 ANNOTATED INDEX OF NAMES Alexander (1857–1893), born Prince Alexander von Battenberg. Elected prince (knyaz) of Bulgaria (1879–1886). 21, 251 Alexander (1823–1888), Prince of Hesse and by Rhine. German general. 21, 193–195, 229, 230, 239–240 Alexander I (1777–1825), Tsar of Russia from 1801. 349 Alexander II (1818–1881), Tsar of Russia from 1855. 21, 32, 51–53, 58n, 67, 70, 83–84, 102, 106n, 117n, 119, 125, 132, 137, 148, 150, 151n, 153n, 164, 165n, 193, 194–195, 196, 222, 239–240, 241, 244n, 251, 317, 368n Alexander III (1845–1894), Tsar of Russia from 1881. 150, 164, 171, 349, 517n Alexandra (1826–1875), Princess of Bavaria. 465 Alexandra of Denmark (1844–1925), Princess of Denmark. Married Edward, Prince of Wales (1863); Queen consort of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1901– 1910). 522 Alfred (1844–1900), Duke of Edinburgh. Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1893). 83n, 522 Alice (1843–1878), Princess of the United Kingdom. Married Ludwig of Hesse and by Rhine in 1862; Grand Duchess of Hesse from 1877. 5, 226 Ampthill, see Russell, Odo Anderson, Henry Percy (1831–1896), Foreign Office official. Junior clerk (1854); assistant clerk (1865); senior clerk (1873); assistant under-secretary of state (1894). 124, 152, 153, 155, 157, 160, 162, 164–165, 168, 174n, 175–176, 357, 360–361, 365–366, 368, 371, 374–375, 378, 381, 420–423, 507, 509 Andrassy,´ Gyula grof´ (1823–1890), Hungarian statesman. Minister president of Hungary (1867–1871); foreign minister of Austria-Hungary (1871–1879). 19, 70–71, 93–94, 108, 111– 113, 123, 132, 136–137, 146 Antoine, Dominique (1845–1916), veterinary surgeon and politician from Alsace- Lorraine. Member of the Reichstag (1882–1889). 188 Antonelli, Giacomo (1806–1876), Italian cardinal deacon. Cardinal Secretary of State (1848). 38, 443 Arndt (n.a.), Catholic priest from Filehne. 69 Arnim, Henning Graf von (1851–1910), Prussian landowner, son of Harry Graf von Arnim-Suckow. 92 Arnim, Sophie Grafin¨ von (1836–1918), nee´ von Arnim-Boitzenburg, Harry Graf von Arnim-Suckow’s second wife from 1857. 92 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.14, on 26 Sep 2021 at 04:50:29, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960116316000105 ANNOTATED INDEX OF NAMES 531 Arnim-Boitzenburg, Adolf Graf von (1832–1887), Prussian landowner, civil servant, and politician. Member of the Reichstag (1867–1884; its president in 1880) and of the Prussian upper house (from 1868); Oberprasident¨ of the Province of Silesia (1874–1877). 96 Arnim-Suckow, Harry Graf von (1824–1881), Prussian diplomat. Envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at Lisbon (1862), Kassel (1863), Munich (1863), to the Holy See (1864), and Paris (1871; 1872–1874 as imperial ambassador); fled to Switzerland to avoid prison sentence (1875). 14, 39, 67, 86, 91–92, 96–97, 100n, 292–294, 305n, 318, 330, 409, 440, 441–447 Arnulf (1852–1907), Prince of Bavaria; general. 511 Arthur (1850–1942), British prince. Duke of Connaught and Strathearn; Governor General of Canada (1911–1916). 383, 522 Augusta (1811–1890), Princess of Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach. Married Wilhelm I in 1829; Queen of Prussia from 1861; German Empress from 1871. 30–31, 44–46, 58–59, 65, 67–68, 70, 83, 87–88, 106, 122–123, 152, 181, 323 Augusta Caroline (1822–1916), Princess Augusta of Cambridge. Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz from 1860. 45 Bach, Joseph (1833–1901), Catholic theologian. Professor at the University of Munich (1867; 1872–1901). 456 Baillie, Evan Montague (1824–1874), British diplomat. Attache´ at Vienna (1846), Paris (1852; 1858), and Frankfurt (1852); secretary of legation at Rio de Janeiro (1859) and Stuttgart (1861); charge´ d’affaires at Karlsruhe and Darmstadt (1871–1873). 6, 199–202, 204–206, 395 Bakunin, Mikhail (1814–1876), Russian anarchist. 302, 326, 337 Balan, Hermann von (1812–1874), Prussian diplomat. Envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at Stuttgart (1858), Copenhagen (1859), and Brussels (1864–1874); acting secretary of state at the imperial Foreign Office (1872–1873). 39, 52, 68, 80, 99 Bamberger, Ludwig (1823–1899), banker, politician, and writer. Member of the Reichstag (1867–1893). 337, 338n, 351 Bancroft, George (1800–1891), American diplomat and historian. United States secretary of the navy (1845–1847); envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to London (1846– 1849)andBerlin(1867–1874). 61 Barbolani, Raffaele di Ulisse (1818–1900), Italian diplomat. Secretary general of the foreign ministry (1867–1869); envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Constantinople (1869), St Petersburg (1870), Tokyo (1877), and Munich (1881–1888). 511 Bardi, Enrico Carlo Luigi Giorgio, conte di (1851–1905), Italian prince; youngest son of Carlo III, Duke of Parma. 528 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.14, on 26 Sep 2021 at 04:50:29, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960116316000105 532 ANNOTATED INDEX OF NAMES Bassewitz, Henning Graf von (1814–1885), German statesman. Member of the North German Reichstag (1867–1871); minister of state and for foreign affairs of Mecklenburg- Schwerin (1869–1885). 45 Bazaine, Franc¸ois Achille (1811–1888), French general. Marshal of France (1864). 73 Beaconsfield, see Disraeli Bebel, August (1840–1913), socialist politician. Member of the Reichstag (1867–1913)and the Saxon second chamber (1881–1890); co-founder of the Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei (1869); chairman of the Sozialdemokratischen Partei Deutschlands from 1892. 14, 41, 48n, 249, 270–271, 273, 284, 287, 300, 304, 320, 326–328, 367, 368, 371–374 Beckmann, Albert (n.a.), journalist, newspaper correspondent and press agent at the German embassy in Paris. 293 Benedetti, Vincent (1817–1900), French diplomat. Envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary to Turin (1860–1861); ambassador to Berlin (1864–1870). 36–37 Bennett, James Gordon (1841–1918), American publisher and editor of the New York Herald. 91 Bennigsen, Rudolf von (1824–1902), Hanoverian and Prussian politician. Member of the Hanoverian Landtag (1855–1866), the Prussian house of deputies (1867–1883;its president 1873–1879), and the Reichstag (1867–1883; 1887–1898); Landesdirektor (1868–1888) and Oberprasident¨ of the Prussian Province of Hanover (1888–1897). 81, 133–134, 143, 186, 249, 257, 343 Bentinck und Waldeck-Limpurg, Wilhelm von (1848–1912), British diplomat and German nobleman. Attache´ at the Berlin embassy (1871), The Hague and Paris (1872); third secretaryatParis(1872)andBerlin(1875–1876). Succeeded as Standesherr of Waldeck-Limpurg (1888). 46 Berchem, Maximilian Graf von (1841–1910), German diplomat. Secretary of embassy at St Petersburg (1875) and Vienna (1878); consul general at Budapest (1883); director of the trade division (1885) and undersecretary of state at the Berlin Foreign Office (1886–1890). 118 Bernard, Simon (1817–1862), French revolutionary and physician. 368 Bernstorff, Albrecht Graf von (1809–1873), Prussian diplomat. Envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary at Munich (1845), Vienna (1848), Naples (1852), and (with an interruption) London (1854–1873; Prussian ambassador from 1862, imperial ambassador from 1871); Prussian foreign minister 1861–1862. 31, 39–40 Beust, Friedrich Ferdinand Freiherr von (1809–1886), Saxon and Austrian diplomat and statesman. Saxon foreign minister (1849–1866;from1852 also minister of the interior; from 1858 also minister president); Austrian foreign minister (1866); also Austrian minister president (1867); Reichskanzler (imperial chancellor) from 1868; Austrian ambassador Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.33.14, on 26 Sep 2021 at 04:50:29, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0960116316000105 ANNOTATED INDEX OF NAMES 533 to London (1871–1878) and Paris (1878–1882).
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  • FRENCH KLEINDEUT8CH POLICY in 1848. the University Of

    FRENCH KLEINDEUT8CH POLICY in 1848. the University Of

    This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 6 8» 724 CHASTAIN, James Garvin, 1939- FRENCH KLEINDEUT8CH POLICY IN 1848. The University of Oklahoma, Ph.D., 1967 History, modern University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan ©COPYRIGHT BY JAMES GARVIN CHASTAIN 1968 THE UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE FRENCH KLEINDEUTSCH POLICY IN 1848 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY BY JAMES GARVIN CHASTAIN Norman, Oklahoma 1967 FRENCH KLEINDEUTSCH POLICY IN 1848 APPROVED BY A • l \ ^ DISSERTATION COMMITTEE PREFACE This work is the outgrowth of an interest in French Diplomatic History and 1848 which I experienced under the questioning encourage­ ment of Professor Brison D. Gooch. I have especially appreciated the helpful suggestions of Professor William Savage. I am indebted to Professors William H. Maehl and Kenneth I, Dailey for their demanding insistence on detail and fact which balanced an earlier training in broad generalization by Professors H. Stuart Hughes, John Gaus and Herbert Spiro. For the idea of the French missionary feeling to export liberty, which characterized Lamartine and Bastide, the two French Foreign Ministers of 1848, I must thank the stimulating sem­ inar at the University of Munich with Dr. Hubert Rumpel, To all of these men I owe a deep gratitude in helping me to understand history and the men that have guided politics. I want to thank the staff of the French Archives of the Min­ istry of Foreign Affairs, which was always efficient, helpful and friendly even in the heat of July. Mr.