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Art 110 Short Answer Questions Exam #2 – Chapters 3, 4, 5 and 6 the Questions Should Be Used to Prepare for in Class Discussions and Your Essay

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Art 110 Short Answer Questions Exam #2 – Chapters 3, 4, 5 and 6 the Questions Should Be Used to Prepare for in Class Discussions and Your Essay Art 110 Short Answer Questions Exam #2 – Chapters 3, 4, 5 and 6 The questions should be used to prepare for in class discussions and your essay. CHAPTER 3: Art of Ancient Egypt 24. What material was used to sculpt the statues of Khafre (in text) and Menkaure and Khamerernebty (in text) and why was the use of this material important? 25. What was the Egyptian "canon" and how was it used to create the human figure? 26. Khamerernebty's arm is wrapped around the waist of Menkaure, what does this signify and what important role does she play in the succession of pharaohs? 27. What is a scribe, what role did scribes play in the royal court? 28. Compare the image of Menkaure and Khamerernebty with the Seated Scribe. What reasons can be given as to why they look different? (Compare materials, expressions, body posture, and coloring, all the formal elements of the work). 29. What term describes the time periods that separate the Old, Middle and New Kingdoms and what usually brought about a change? 30. Why where the temples and tombs of the New Kingdom built in the "Valley of the Kings"? 31. Who was Queen Hatshepsut and why was she a distinct person in the history of Egyptian Pharaohs? 32. Why did Queen Hatshepsut have herself portrayed both as male and female? 33. Describe the design of Queen Hatshepsut’s tomb/temple. 34. Who was Ramses II and what are the distinct characteristics of his temple façade (front) and the pillars in the interior corridor. 35. Describe the term is used to describe the type of sculpture on columns in Egypt? 36. Describe the formal elements of the “Fowling Scene” and what purpose did it serve? 37. Why are the figures (people and animals) in the Fowling Scene portrayed differently? (subjective answer). AMARNA PERIOD (IDENTIFY WORKS OF ART AS AMARNA ON EXAM) 38. Who was the leader of the Amarna period and what changes did he implement during his reign and what resulted from these changes? 39. Describe the changes that occurred in portraying human figures figure during the Amarna period? 40. Describe the reasons given as to the appearance of Akenaton’s body (fir. 3-32) 41. Compare the image of Akenahton with Menkaure and Khamerernebty and note the differences, also why this changes occurred. 42. Describe the role Queen Nefertiti played in the Amarna period? 43. Describe the formal elements and symbolism in the portrait of Queen Nefertiti. POST-AMARNA PERIOD 44. Who discovered King Tutankhamen's tomb and why was this discovery such a significant find in Egypt? 45. Describe the materials and symbolism incorporated into the design of King Tut's coffin and death mask and why were these materials important? 46. Describe the objects contained inside King Tut’s tomb? 47. Briefly explain the Egyptian burial process. 48. What is a Book of the Dead and what was written inside? 49. Explain the events taking place in The Last Judgment of Hu Nefer. 50. Describe the figures portrayed on the Last Judgment scene and what role do they play? 51. Describe the events that lead to the fall of Ancient Egyptian culture? CHAPTER 4: ART OF THE ANCIENT AEGEAN 52. Discuss the cultural content of the Girl Gathering Saffron image and why it would be important to portray this subject matter in a fresco painting. 53. Compare and contrast the Paleolithic nude woman with the Cycladic Nude woman. What is unique about the Cycladic nude woman. 54. Describe the formal elements of Cycladic art. 55. What ancient God is associated with the Cycladic Islands? 56. Describe the materials used to create Cycladic sculpture. 57. Where were most Cycladic sculptures found? 58. What meaning is associated with the red lines on the “Head” (figure 4-3) and what purpose would the object have served? 59. Where does Minoan culture get its name? 60. On which island did the Minoan Culture live? 61. Who is responsible for the excavation of the Palace of Knosses? 62. Describe the organization of the Palace of Knossos and why this type of design was significant. 63. What was the dominant subject matter of Minoan Art and why? 64. Briefly describe the Minoan way of life. 65. Describe the shape of Minoan columns used at the Palace of Knossos. 66. Describe the event portrayed on the Toreador Fresco and its spiritual significance. 67. What meaning is associated with the snakes held by the "Snake Goddess" and how is this meaning represented on her statue (2 symbols)? 68. Describe the process Minoans used to create pottery. 69. Describe the "style" (visual appearance) in which Minoan craftsman painted jars. 70. What types of images were found on Minoan pots and how 71. What Epic King is believed to have inhabited Mycenae? 72. Where did the Myceneans live? 73. Who was responsible for excavating the Mycenean site? 74. Describe the design of a Mycenaean citadel? 75. Describe the types of symbols found on the Lion Gate of Mycenae and what was their possible meaning? 76. Describe the elements of Cycladic, Minoan, and Mycenaean societies can be found in Greek Society? (To be answered after completion of chapter 5) CHAPTER 5: ART OF ANCIENT GREECE 77. What does the term Hellenes mean? 78. Who wrote the Iliad and the Odyssey why is this text important to Greek history? 79. How was Greek culture divided? 80. What took place at the Sanctuaries and how did they differ from other religious complexes? 81. Why were the Olympic games so important to the Greeks? 82. What term was used to describe people who were NOT Greek? 83. What are the five periods of Greek art? 84. Describe the characteristics of the first period of Greek art. 85. Describe the role Gods played in Greek culture and how were they represented? 86. How was the Funerary vase used? 87. Describe the messages displayed on various Greek pots. 88. Why were females shown with their hands on top of their heads? 89. Why is the “Man and Centaur” an example of the Geometric style? 90. Describe the characteristics of the second period of Greek art. 91. How is this second period represented on the Olpe (Pitcher) figure. 5-4? 92. Why was the sanctuary at Delphi a significant site? 93. What is an oracle? 94. Describe the three architectural orders of Greek buildings. 95. Describe the "rules" that determined the layout of a Greek temple? (Be able to apply these rules to the Temple of Hera) 96. Describe the difference between the friezes of a Doric temple versus the frieze of an Ionic temple. 97. What is the difference between the capitals of a Doric column versus the capital of an Ionic column versus the capital of a Corinthian column? 98. What was usually contained in the pediment of a Greek temple? 99. Describe Greek sculpture in its original form (design and materials). 100. Describe the characteristics of the third period of Greek art? 101. Why are Archaic statues smiling? 102. Describe the function of the Kouros and what it represented? 103. How does the Kroisos Kouros differ from the Metropolitan Kouros the period? 104. Describe the significance of the Peplos dress in relation to Greek cultural events. 105. How do the sculptures of women of Greece differ from sculptures of men and why was this distinction made? 106. Name three types of Greek pottery/vessels and how they were used. 107. Describe the difference in the process to create red figure versus black figure painting. 108. Why are there sometimes two creators of Greek pottery? 109. Describe the formal elements Exekias used to create a focal point on his Achilles pot and how does his technique enhance the content? 110. Describe the firing process the Greeks used to create Red and Black figure pottery. 111. What are Meanads and what was their purpose? 112. Compare and contrast Exekias’ Achilles image with Euphronios’ Sarpedon image, how do they differ? 113. What is meant by the famous Greek phrase “Man is the measure of all things”? 114. Describe the Severe Style (see Kritios Boy in powerpoint) 115. Describe the term Contrapposto mean and on what statue is it used to perfection? 116. Why are there no lasting paintings from ancient Greece? 117. Where are you most likely to see Greek paintings? 118. Describe the themes appear in tomb paintings and why. 119. Define the two definitions of the word Classical. 120. What are the characteristics of the fourth period of Greek art? 121. Describe the cire perdue/Lost Wax process? 122. Why was the discovery of the Riace warriors so important? 123. Describe the materials and design techniques the sculptors of the Riace warrior incorporated into its design to enhance naturalism? 124. Who was able to use a psykter and what does this say about Greek society? 125. Describe the formal elements Douris incorporated into the design of the psykter pot that is evidence of the classical style? 126. Describe the Golden Age of Greece. 127. Who was Pericles and what impact did he have on Greek society? 128. Why was the Acropolis an important location in Athens? 129. How did Athens get its name? 130. What occurred at the Acropolis every four years? 131. Who was Phidias? 132. Name three buildings on the Acropolis. 133. What did the Parthenon symbolize? 134. Why were the sculptures in the East and West pediment as well as the friezes and metopes important to the overall design and purpose of the Parthenon? 135. What was at the end of the cella in the Parthenon and why is this location important? 136.
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