M january 28, 2016 28, january a Co-operator staff/Brandon Co-operator B beginning in April damage compensation increase to wildlife producers will see an Manitoba livestock predation P tion. Corpora- Services Agricultural Manitoba the by administered is cost and governments provincial is and federal the between shared Program pensation toba AgDays Jan. 19. Mani- at presentation a Kostyshyn during Ron Development, Rural and Food Agriculture, of Minister said economy,”toba’s people Mani- to greatly contribute who the important to support of an level provides falls, short- production during cially espe- stability, Financial ince. prov- our in communities rural strong building to vital is toba Mani- in succeed to producers $2,000 to$3,000. from increase will predators ral natu- by injured or ani- killed mals domestic for value mum or injured killed by wildlife. animals for rates Y J

h Wllf Dmg Com- Damage Wildlife The for environment an “Creating maxi- the 1, April Beginning ddresses rovince inn On-farm ENNIFER A driverless tractor » See higher compensation compensation see higher soon will ducers pro- livestock anitoba PREDATION

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Publication Mail Agreement 40069240 ti PG 33 PG M Co-operator staff/Brandon B including Faller, Prosper and Elgin ND Grade guarantees will be introduced for feed wheats, coverage for less in 2016 More crop insurance decline in premium per acre.” resultsfourperacentin average averageincrease incoverage this ago…,” Kostyshyn said. years 25 from losses insurance) (crop 1989 high the of removal mium rates and this is due to the per centcompared 11 lastyear’sto pre- about of average an by Days attendees Jan. 19. Ag told Kostyshyn Ron Minister Agriculture it, for less pay and Y “When combined with the the with combined “When decrease will rates “Premium o A LL technology and equipment. More than 40,000 people swarmed the Keystone Centre in Brandon for the annual Manitoba Ag Days, which put on an impressive display of production expertise, Ag AN n ance coverage in 2016 2016 in coverage ance insur- crop will higher get farmers anitoba

DA Days craze over for 2016 CGC: WS O N S ER V IN F G G MA PHOTO: armers pay armers havebut say no » NITOBA

JENNIFER said. “We continue to improve improve to continue “We said. Kostyshyn agriculture,” about talk are we when tool essential programs an management livestock destroyed by wildlife. for payoutshigher andProgram of Pasturethe InsuranceDays Pilot expansion crops, vegetable some of addition the plots, test higher- and seed pedigreed insure generation to option the wheat, feed for guarantee grade coverage. insurance in increase cent per seven a in results it yields, able average prob- in an increase cent per two with combined When average. on cent per five “We all know business risk risk business know all “We new a include changes Other Pricesforinsured crops are up F

PAIGE AR MER S S S IN CE 1 925 | Vol. 74, Vol. | 925 b Gettin for that » There’s an app u n our premium rates.” on impact positive a for makes that and one good a up picked and drought) of because fered suf- crops when (1989 year bad loss positive a experience,” he said. it’s year, this view later. , n o s inter- an m inexplained insurance o h T of vice-president Corporation’s g i a r C Services Agricultural Manitoba expe- e, c n loss e i r of 25-year average a on rolling based are ums and producers.” government provincial government, federal the way with co-operative a in it upon o. Ti ya w dopd f a off dropped we year “This like year, good a have we “If premi- insurance Crop 4 | $1.75 | 4 gg PG 38 ed g ?

Wheat (CWIW ) will have have will ) (CWIW Interim Wheat Western Canada as AsofApril varieties1 designated Gradeguarantees Canada Wester n General General n Wester Purpose (CWGP) class. the in wheats Canada feed as well as American new wheats, Springs Northern the Dark of some higher-yielding for antee per cent three and corn is up 27 per cent. down are soybeans cent, per per 14 23 up is up canola is cent, barley cent, per 12 down are oats flat, is wheat spring Red up. is crops insured See hr wl b a rd guar- grade a be will There of value dollar the all, Over CROP INSURANCE manitobacooperator.ca PA G E 3 on page 6 » 2 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 INSIDE Did you know? LIVESTOCK A gritty new tool in the A new cattle code war against weeds Dehorning and Weed and feed your crop with blasted soybean meal castrating older animals now require 12 pain control staff

esearchers with the University of Illinois have CROPS R come up with a new tac- tic in the war against weeds: blasting. “Abrasive weeding,” a strat- Soybeans tell egy that may prove most useful the salinity tale for small-scale organic growers, is proving to be “surprisingly The crop has effective,” university research- limited tolerance for ers say in a release. saline soils 17 In conjunction with plas- tic mulch, abrasive weeding Hand-held weed-blasting unit used to control weeds in organic plots. reduced final weed biomass by photo: SAMUEL WORTMAN 69 to 97 per cent compared to non-weeded control plots, said agroecologist Samuel Wortman. really matter what the shape of weeds in a single pass is appeal- FEATURE Abrasive weeding uses an air the particle is.” ing, but the researchers cau- compressor to blast weed seed- Researchers said it is impor- tioned that it is still unknown lings with organic grit. In the tant to use this type of treat- whether the fertilizer would Precision University of Illinois study, grit ment on transplanted crops be available for plant uptake was applied through a hand- that are substantially larger within critical windows. agriculture held siphon-fed sand-blasting than the weed seedlings. But Testing is continuing on dif- From robotic tractors unit connected to a gas-pow- despite some shredding dam- ferent horticultural crops, ered air compressor, the release age to the crops, yields were including broccoli and kale, to big data, it’s making said. It was hauled down crop 33 to 44 per cent greater yields with and without additional a difference on 33 rows with a walk-behind tractor. than in non-weeded control weed control methods. “Early your farm A number of grit sources were plots. results suggest that the pres- tried including walnut shells, An additional benefit of weed ence of polyethylene mulch or granulated maize cob, green- blasting is the potential for biodegradable plastic mulch sand, and soybean meal. growers to use organic fertiliz- strongly enhances the success CROSSROADS Wortman said he found no ers, such as soybean meal, as of weed blasting, as compared significant differences between blasting material. “We expect with straw mulch and bare the grit types in terms of effi- that abrasive weeding could soil,” the release said. cacy. “When it leaves the nozzle, contribute between 35 and 105 Because ricocheting particles Celebrating it’s at least Mach 1 (767 m.p.h.),” kg nitrogen per hectare to soil can pose a risk to the applicator, Wortman noted. “The stuff fertility.” The idea that a grower Wortman advises using protec- suffrage comes out so fast, it doesn’t could both fertilize and kill tive eyewear. One hundred years ago, women gained voting rights 44

READER’S PHOTO Editorials 4 Grain Markets 11 Comments 5 Weather Vane 16 What’s Up 8 Classifieds 28 Livestock Markets 10 Sudoku 30

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BY ALLAN DAWSON Co-operator staff/Brandon “It’s (CGC) a Government armers pay for Canadian Grain of Canada agency and Commission (CGC) operations so farmers are paying full they should have a bigger say in F freight on it now (because how it operates, says Rick White, chief executive officer of the Canadian Canola of cost recovery). It’s one Growers Association (CCGA). thing to go to full cost “It’s (CGC) a Government of Canada recovery, but full cost agency and farmers are paying full freight on it now (because of cost recov- recovery with absolutely ery),” said White during a formal address no (farmer) control and at Ag Days Jan. 19. no representation around “It’s one thing to go to full cost recov- ery, but full cost recovery with abso- that government agency is lutely no (farmer) control and no rep- not right.” resentation around that government agency is not right. And so we are push- ing the government hard when it starts to revisit this again. “We have to do something about that Rick White, CEO of the Canadian Canola Growers Association, says since farmers pay most of the because farmers should not be expected Rick White Canadian Grain Commission’s budget, the commission should be more directly accountable to to pay the full shot of a federal govern- farmers. PHOTO: ALLAN DAWSON ment agency. It’s just not right.” The CGC, which regulates Canada’s grain industry and ensures grain qual- Unsuccessful lobby ship across the spectrum with the three chical CEO-board structure. But after ity, has been recovering 91 per cent of Farmers and grain companies argued commissioners. Each one brings differ- Ritz’s long fight with the Canadian its annual operating costs of $60 million unsuccessfully that since many CGC ent expertise to the fore. To limit that to a Wheat Board’s directors, the majority to $70 million through user fees since services are compulsory and benefit president and some other people under of whom was elected farmers, over its Aug. 1, 2013. While most of the CGC’s Canada’s economy, the government him doesn’t have the same effect.” sales monopoly, it’s not surprising he revenue is collected from grain com- should pay for them. The CGC’s most recent chief com- changed his mind. panies, including a $1.80-a-tonne out- Interestingly, the CGC became a missioner, Elwin Hermanson left the The CCGA will push the new Liberal ward inspection fee on grain exports, it’s Special Operating Agency (SOA) in position Jan. 20 after serving eight years government to pick up where the last widely accepted that companies pass the 1991 under the Mulroney Progressive and declining another term. He said government left off with changes to the charges back to farmers. Conservative government. It said the governance is up to the new govern- CGC, White said. The government contributes around change would give the CGC more flex- ment. However, he added, “make sure C-48 also proposed to extend a farm- $5.2 million a year to fund the CGC’s ibility, including the ability to borrow the (CGC) leadership is close to the er’s right to get the CGC to grade and Grain Research laboratory, which does funds. industry and particularly close to the determine dockage when the farmer and work seen as benefiting Canada. Last week a CGC official said he producer. buyer disagree. Farmers have that option In an interview, White suggested the didn’t know when the agency, which “That has been a strength of the CGC. now when they deliver to primary eleva- CGC become a Special Operating Agency. reports to the agriculture minister, Most commissioners have been farmers tors, but not with processors, including “There’s tremendous expense running ceased being an SOA. or industry-oriented people as opposed crushers. Half of Western Canada’s can- a government agency by the nature of In the late 1990s, the Chrétien gov- to career public servants. I have noth- ola is crushed domestically, White said. government,” he said. ernment proposed scrapping the com- ing against career public servants — we The bill also proposed setting up a CGC governance should also change, missioner model in favour of a presi- work very well with them — but for the new program to protect farmers when White said. Instead of the government dent-CEO and board of directors. But it CGC it has set us apart and given us grain buyers fail to pay for grain. A fund, appointing a chief commissioner, an never happened. access and impact in the industry that paid for by grain companies, would assistant commissioner and a com- The Harper government brought for- has benefited producers and every other cover farmer liabilities. White said the missioner, it should appoint a full-time ward a similar plan, along with other sector of the industry. I’d like to see that new system would be cheaper than the chief executive officer and create a proposed changes to the Canada Grain maintained.” existing one, which requires grain com- board of directors made up mainly of Act and CGC in several bills that were panies to post security to cover their lia- farmers, he said. never passed. However, in its last bill Hands on bilities. In the past, despite CGC moni- “They (CGC) do a lot of good work,” on the matter, C-48 introduced more Farmer directors wouldn’t be as hands toring, some grain companies failed to White said. “It’s not a criticism, it’s just than a year ago, the government on as the current full-time commission- post enough security to cover all what the model is wrong. It’s not accountable dropped the proposal. ers, two of whom historically have been farmers were owed. to farmers and it’s the farmers who pay “I’m a firm believer in if it ain’t broke farmers, including Hermanson. The former government also planned the bill.” don’t fix it,” then agriculture minister There have been whispers that com- to require feed mills, which currently are The other option is for the govern- Gerry Ritz said in an interview Jan. 9, missioner governance sometimes not part of the program, to participate. ment to cover most of the CGC’s operat- 2015. makes for internal power struggles and ing costs as it once did, he said. “We’ve got a good working relation- isn’t as efficient as the more hierar- [email protected]

Organic producers could see net profit levels range from $100 to $300 per acre Know your cost per bushel, not just per acre, says farm management specialist

level equals increased viabil- you don’t sell acres. You have to your remaining unsold bush- BY LAURA RANCE AND ity for smaller farms,” he said. know cost per bushel.” els,” he said. “Even for some- LORRAINE STEVENSON “They are able to pull out a Arnott presented the organic one good with numbers in their Co-operator staff/Brandon higher level of profit.” COP for 2016, encouraging head, that’s a tough one to do Based on estimated costs and farmers to use provincial bud- on the fly,” he added. rganic production is one returns for various crops in 2016, gets as a reference to calculate The new spreadsheet also way for small farmers Arnott said organic producers their own farm’s cost of produc- includes a ‘what if’ analyzer for O to improve their viabil- could see net profit levels range tion per bushel. knowing the implications of ity, an analyst told a seminar at from $100 to $300 per acre. For He also flagged a new spread- decreased yields or prices as the Manitoba Ag Days in Brandon. conventionally produced crops, sheet, the MYFARM crop man- season advances, or how equip- Roy Arnott, who does annual those net profits range between agement calculator, now avail- ment purchases, or land pur- cost-of-production budgets for $10 to $50 per acre. able through MAFRD. chases or rents will affect the MAFRD, said the gross revenue What’s important is that farm- “It’s based on the COP so it’s bottom line. over operating costs in conven- ers crunch their own numbers simple and easy to use and easy Various farm software and tional agriculture leaves a mar- and know their operating and to preload,” he said, adding it will worksheets are available on gin of 20 to 40 per cent. That fixed costs. help to figure out that all-impor- the MAFRD website found at margin is what farmers have left “I firmly believe that cost-of- tant cost-per-bushel basis plus a http://www.gov.mb.ca/agricul over to pay their land, equip- production planning is a key per-acre and total-cost basis. ture/business-and-economics/ ment and living costs. point of any farm operation. I “It looks at a bunch of dif- financial-management/farm MAFRD farm management specialist In organic production that think it’s something you have to ferent things, the break-evens, -software-and-worksheets.html. Roy Arnott spoke to a seminar on margin is typically 50 to 60 do, whether you’re conventional margins. It can help you track organic cost of production at Ag per cent. or organic,” he said. your grain sales and help you [email protected] Days. PHOTO: LORRAINE STEVENSON “That increased profitability “Cost per acre is great, but calculate your break-even on [email protected] 4 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 OPINION/EDITORIAL

Social change is never easy

anuary 28, 2016 marks a signifi- cant milestone in the history of this J province. A century ago Manitoba became the first government in Canada to allow women to vote. Many of us with roots in Prairie settle- ment have our own family stories to tell. In my own case, it was learning through distant relatives recently that my great- Laura Rance grandmother, Mrs. W.H. Guest (Elizabeth) Editor was one of the signatories to a petition to government in 1894. Simply signing on to such a thing in those times was an act of courage. Historical accounts suggest this could well have been the first petition of many that would follow in a crusade that would be fought for more than two decades before achieving success. The wording of the federal Election Act of the time offers a telling glimpse into the social mores of the time: “no woman, idiot, lunatic, or criminal shall vote,” the act stated, according to a Manitoba Historical Society essay written by Harry and Mildred Gutkin in 1996. The campaign for suffrage had many tentacles in the social justice movements that grew out of wild western outposts such Let science speak without bias as Winnipeg in the 1800s. It is widely believed to have emerged from the temperance movement, as it shared many of the same Objective, rigorous science interesting, or rather important about leaders. The Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) first the University of Alabama in Huntsville, began campaigning for women’s suffrage in the 1880s. stands on its own merits is that none of the funding for its work But it was also part and parcel of the agrarian movement. comes from oil, coal or industrial compa- Many of the same farm organizations that were winning conces- nies or from any private or special interest sions from government on grain-handling and transportation By Brian Ransom groups.” issues also supported suffrage. So the source of funding determines the The Gutkin essay observes that the pioneer West gave rise to think the Manitoba Co-operator is an scientific results? Does this standard apply an assertive breed of women who “worked side by side with their advocate for the theory that observed to funding from governments and organi- men in the back-breaking task of establishing a homestead.” I warming over the past century is dan- zations committed to killing our fossil fuel- Their pivotal role in building the wheat-based economy pre- gerous climate change caused by green- based economy? pared them to challenge the patriarchal norms. house gas emissions partially resulting Research funding is overwhelmingly “The urban centres tended to attract some strong-willed from agricultural use of fossil fuels and cat- directed at supporting the theory of dan- young women, already declaring their independence from their tle ranching. gerous AGW while studies funded from families, and as determined as their brothers to improve their I’m skeptical about the theory of anthro- other sources are routinely rejected and own prospects.” pogenic global warming (AGW) but I never- their author’s credibility attacked. This Much has been written about the satirical 1914 mock parlia- theless faithfully read what the Co-operator approach cannot in any meaningful sense ment staged by Nellie McClung and friends to protest Manitoba prints on the subject in hope of seeing evi- lead to a “science-based” outcome. Premier Sir Rodmond Roblin’s dismissive treatment of their dence of causal linkage between damaging The scientific method is about disproving cause. The publicity around that event no doubt paved the way weather events and greenhouse gas emis- conventional wisdom, not confirming it. for the T.C. Norris government to push the agenda forward in sions. Three articles in the Jan. 21 edition Objectively, rigorous science stands on its the 1916 legislative changes. caught my attention because together they own merits. But a world caught up in the However, Gutkin points out that suffrage leaders had “ear- point to reasons for skepticism. theory of AGW is not objective. nestly” staged a similar event 23 years earlier at the Bijou Cam Dahl’s “What does ‘science based’ Nevertheless, inconvenient facts emerge Theatre in Winnipeg. The 1893 event featured the young stenog- mean?” poses an excellent question as in Lorraine Stevenson’s article “Agro- rapher E. Cora Hind, who would later become a prominent agri- whether one is considering pest manage- climate data is a ‘mismatch’” with overall cultural journalist, and about 20 other women from the temper- ment regulations or greenhouse emissions trends. Soil scientists at the University of ance league playing the different government members. control standards. Readers will have heard Manitoba found facts that conflict with cli- “Amelia Yeomans, in the role of the provincial premier, argued it claimed that the science is conclusively mate change forecasts. The headline calls earnestly that women were the protectors of society’s moral settled regarding global warming. them a mismatch. Perhaps it is the forecasts values, that if they were able to vote, respect for them would It’s not settled and for good reasons. flowing from the “settled science” of climate increase, their influence would be enhanced, and the Empire Daniel Bezte’s piece titled “Record warmth change that are a mismatch with reality itself would benefit. A woman’s responsibilities were those of a top weather story of 2015” provides one. insofar as being meaningful to farmers. mature adult, she protested, yet her social and political powers Bezte, writing about the University of were those of a child.” Alabama’s satellite measurements that usu- Brian Ransom is a former MLA and Manitoba finance Within days of the ensuing publicity, a suffrage petition circu- ally show lower temperatures than surface minister. He also served as chairman of the Manitoba lated by the WCTU had collected 5,000 signatures. It resulted in measurements, comments that “What is Hydro-Electric Board. He lives near Woodlands. an attempt to introduce a suffrage bill in the legislature, which was defeated. The petition was presented to Manitoba legislature again in February 1894. By then, it contained another 2,000 names — including my great-grandmother’s. OUR HISTORY: January 1991 That petition resulted in the first women’s suffrage bill, introduced by MLA Robert Ironside, presented to politicians. However, after receiving first reading, it quietly — and suddenly his ad from our January 17, 1991 issue reminds of — disappeared. when the Prairie Pools operated XCAN, their own It would be another 22 years before society was ready to T domestic and export marketing company. change. The campaign required dogged persistence from The front-page story that week reported that Grains women leaders of the time, women who distinguished them- Minister Charlie Mayer had announced that legislation selves as “suffragists” — a more refined and diplomatic crusader would be passed to implement two new support pro- than the radical “suffragettes” fighting the same cause in Britain. grams, GRIP and NISA, for 1991-92. They were necessary It also took support from men in positions of power who saw — another story said that Agriculture Canada econo- the logic of their efforts — and a whole lot of ordinary citizens mists forecast that farm net income in 1991 would fall 23 who added their voices to the cause. per cent without GRIP. It’s worth remembering that organizing events, going to meet- The income problem was largely due to the EU-U.S. ings and circulating petitions in those days was done without grain trade war, and speaking to the annual meeting of the ease or speed of today. There was no Internet, few tele- the Western Canadian Wheat Growers, Mayer called for phones and attending a meeting first involved hitching up a farmers to boycott European goods in retaliation for EU horse and buggy or taking a long walk. export subsidies. These individuals fought for this basic right for most of their The support programs required provincial participa- adult lives. Each time the door was slammed in their faces, they tion, and Manitoba Agriculture Minister Glenn Findlay knocked again — until it opened. was reportedly miffed that the federal announcement I never knew my great-grandmother. I do know she left a last- had been made without consulting the provinces. GRIP ing legacy. On election day last fall, one of her granddaughters, participation would tighten provincial finances, so to Muriel, was 92, in palliative care and the time before her passage make room in the ag budget, Manitoba axed a $9-per- could be counted in days. She voted. tonne livestock feed subsidy. Herbicide resistance had been discussed by a panel at an agronomic forum in Winnipeg, with reports that [email protected] resistance had been found in Manitoba to trifluralin, Hoegrass, Fusilade, Excel, Poast and Triumph Plus. The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 5 COMMENT/FEEDBACK Because I love you Two widows discuss how forward planning helped their families carry on following the farm accidents that claimed their husbands

Jay Fox and Brian Van Camp both died in farm accidents involving loaders right before Christmas, leaving their families in shock and still trying to run their farms. Jay and Angie were Outstanding Young Farmers in Manitoba and leaders in the cattle industry. Brian and Maggie were also leaders in their community and agriculture. This is an excerpt from a longer article in which these women talk openly about how they’ve kept their farms operating and emerged happy… yes, happy. The complete article can be found on the Manitoba Co-operator website: www.manitobacooperator.ca.

Maggie: When my husband died, I was 46 years old, had three teenage children “Absolutely everyone and owned a 100-acre farm with a big needs to have a plan. old farmhouse. We had 23,000 chick- ens in the barn and shares in my hus- It’s not only band’s family’s farm. I also worked responsible, but a gift part time as an associate editor with to those you leave Country Guide and had been happily married for 21 years. behind.” Suddenly, I was a widow and all these blessings became overwhelming. Do not underestimate grief and do ANGIE FOX not overestimate you or your fam- ily’s ability to function when someone dies or has an accident on your farm. All I knew was one thing: I was not going to let that moment define me. Angie: But, I needed a way out of it. When you lose someone you love, Preplanning gave me that road you get lots of advice. Everyone can map. relate to death; it happens and we What I found was that if I knew can’t avoid it, but sometimes it hits exactly what I had to do on any given a lot closer to home. day, then I could do it and it gave me There’s a big difference between The Van Camps (l-r) Nate, Kate, Maggie, Matthew and Pepper the dog. Photo: Deb DeVille strength. being the executor of Great-Aunt In the morning I’d write down Edna’s estate and planning life after a to-do list for the farm and for losing your husband. my family, and included a two or Farm family businesses are com- three what I called DAs (death plicated matters because everyone administration). is grieving. For me, it took all the The funeral home also gave me a strength I had to get through each list of personal changes, I was exec- day. I had four kids who needed me utor to my husband’s will and I had and they were grieving too. to switch over the farm businesses. But I also had a ranch: I had cows There was a mountain of paperwork to feed, waterers to thaw, the feed- — like cancelling passports, reading lot pens were full of calves, the insurance policies, switching the culls needed to be shipped and I name on the business accounts — needed to take care of the business. but I found I could only do a couple Life has a way of continuing, of things a day. It took me almost even if you don’t want it to. So how a year to get through most of that do you carry on? What do you do to stuff. prepare? My sister also helped me write a Absolutely everyone needs to have list of treats that I got to do once I a plan. It’s not only responsible, but a had accomplished the hard stuff on gift to those you leave behind. the to-do list — things like reading a I became a widow at 33 years old, book, going for a walk, having lunch but when it came to the matters of The Fox family: (l-r) Charlee, Major, Angie, Porter, Devon (hat). Photo: Loree Photography with a friend, a nice cup of tea. It was a funeral I knew what Jay wanted… a daily reminder to take care of myself … I knew what songs he loved in all of the muck. and who he’d want as pallbearers. I Like Angie, I’ve never felt so knew there would be no hearse for loved as I did after my husband Suggested headings for Third list our family. died. The community, my fam- your own family’s I had a private third list. At night I’d Instead Justamere Unit 412, a ily, our church and especially my “Because I love you” list: write down three things that gave me 1989 beat-up farm truck, would friends carried us. Although we hope. carry him to his final resting spot. were overwhelmed with offers to • The help: Short-term help, longer-term help; Simple things like my daughter I also knew Devon, our 14-year-old help on the farm, not everyone • Standard operating procedures; playing her guitar, or the sunrise I son, would make that drive with can easily step in to those roles. It • Passwords, location of keys; saw on the way to the barn. Things his dad, me and the other kids as would have taken longer to train that made me feel alive and grateful. his passengers. I knew our family them than for us to do the work. • Lists and location of important documents: Sometimes it was hard to come up and friends would ride the horses And I really couldn’t afford for RRSPs, TSFAs, and other investments, with hope, but that’s when I needed it behind us, and our dads, brothers something to go wrong because insurance policies, bank accounts, business the most. and uncles would drive our farm someone simply didn’t know. agreements, lease agreements, mortgages, vehicle ownership; Good planning gives you time and fleet of trucks. You see, our farms are special- choices. That’s a gift you want to leave What I didn’t know was I would ized and we were missing not only • Names of personal trusted adviser your family, especially with a farm look behind us on that final drive a labourer but, a manager and a and mentor; business. as a family and tell the kids to key decision maker. Death can put • Professional contacts: accountant, lawyer, Angie Fox and I call it, “Getting your remember this forever, because it a farm on hold. banker, doctor, dentist, childcare provider, crap in order,” because both of us had was so special. I didn’t know I’d feel So close your eyes. If you died financial adviser, processors, elevator experienced all the crappy paperwork relieved to give him one last gift. It right now who could step in imme- manager, commodity broker, input suppliers, and fallout from the death of our hus- was so healing to give him a service diately and keep things running? veterinarian, equipment dealers and repair, bands. However, as we started talking he’d love, that honoured him. vendors; and sharing stories, we became more Angie: • The Fix-It folks: mechanic, electrician, and more grateful to our husbands Maggie: People Maggie and I want to encourage plumber, furnace, septic, welder, for being prepared. In my experience, basically two you to be brave. Talk about your security systems; Attached is our “Because I love you” things need to be organized for wishes, complete your “Because I • Legal: power of attorney, executor, list that I hope you begin filling out your farm business — people and love you list.” Get your business in guardian, organ donation, cremation, right away. Every person and farm is paper. And of course, people come order. And most importantly, never funeral arrangements. different, but it’s a starting point. first. give up on happiness. 6 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 FROM PAGE ONE

CROP INSURANCE Continued from page 1 Excess Moisture Insurance a grade guarantee of No. 2 CWIW. not in jeopardy despite Currently, Faller, Prosper and Elgin ND are in this class. The Canadian multimillion deficit Grain Commission (CGC) has announced Aug. 1 the CWIW class will end and be replaced with the BY ALLAN DAWSON Canada Northern Hard Red wheat Co-operator staff/Brandon class, which will be the home for Faller, Prosper and Elgin ND. Manitoba’s Excess Moisture Insurance (EMI) program has “We’ve heard changes are com- a $236-million deficit after 15 years of operation, but it’s ing,” Thomson said. “We’ve taken not under threat of being scrapped. the approach we will react after the “We know we’re going to have to review it and possi- change has happened. It’s dangerous bly make some tweaks in the way it works, but there’s no to try and insure something based panic at our end,” Craig Thomson, Manitoba Agricultural on speculation.” Services Corporation’s (MASC) vice-president of insur- All other varieties insured as “feed ance, said in an interview last week. “We’re not going to wheat” will have a grade guaran- say, ‘we’ve got to drop the program.’ That’s not the case tee of No. 1 CWGP. (The CGC has at all. We look at it the other way — it is working. People announced it’s ending the CWGP have collected from it because there have been some class and replacing it with the wet springs.” Canada Western Special Purpose Earlier this month a report released by the Agriculture class.) Risk Management Review Task Force flagged the EMI If harvested production grades deficit, stressing EMI is important to Manitoba farmers below the guarantees a grade factor and that the federal and provincial governments that is applied reducing the production help fund it must look at ways of ensuring it’s sustainable. counted for claim purposes. The task force was appointed by Agriculture Minister The insured dollar value for feed Ron Kostyshyn a year ago to look at ways to mitigate the wheat is based on a weighted aver- impact of climate change on farm support programs and age of the forecasted market returns Agriculture Minister Ron Kostyshyn announced changes to the 2016 crop insurance program on farmers. for the respective grade guarantees. at Ag Days Jan. 19, the last day before the election blackout, which limits government Spring wheat varieties are insured announcement. PHOTO: ALLAN DAWSON Actuarial soundness based on the CGC’s variety desig- EMI is an insurance-based program — part of nation lists in effect April 1. Spring AgriInsurance in Manitoba — and must be actuarily sound. wheats not designated as red spring ter squash, pumpkins, peppers and When deficits grow, normally premiums rise and cover- wheat, prairie spring, extra strong, leeks. “We know we’re going to age falls. But the task force noted higher premiums might durum or hard white spring are The new direct-seeding deadline have to review it (EMI) discourage farmers less prone to excess moisture from insurable as feed wheat. for carrots is June 15. using the program, which according to the task force “is “If the variety of spring wheat is The maximum coverage for straw- and possibly make some not viable without universal participation.” not declared on the Seeded Acreage berries, which is now considered an tweaks in the way it “Are there methods of dealing with that? That’s what Report, the associated acreage will optional crop for the Continuous works, but there’s no panic we’re challenged to come up with so it doesn’t put a huge be insured as feed wheat,” MASC Hail Insurance Option (CHIO), has at our end.” burden on producers and government to bring the deficit says in a summary of changes for been increased to $3,000 per acre into a more acceptable number,” Thomson said. 2016. from $2,000. Most of the 10 last years have been wet in many parts Hail Insurance is now available on of the province. A couple of dry springs would shrink the Craig Thomson Winter wheat winter squash, pumpkins, peppers deficit, Thomson said. Several years ago the CGC moved and leeks, which are also optional Last year $6 million was the payout under EMI on 6,700 some winter wheats, including CDC CHIO crops. acres (after the deductibles were applied). That’s down Falcon, from the Canada Western Basic hail insurance premiums are farmers with protection against significantly from 2014 when $63 million was paid on Red Winter class to the CWGP class. slightly higher in certain risk areas price risk. The program has been 755,000 acres too wet to seed. All winter wheats, including CDC due to the relatively high losses in working, Thomson said. The record was 2011 when $162 million was paid on 2.7 Falcon will be insured as winter 2015. “We think we’ve paid out around million acres, Thomson said. wheat, MASC says. $600,000 in 2015, which is pretty The final figures haven’t been calculated, but Thomson Last year, Manitoba farmers grew Insurance credit substantial,” he said. said lower crop insurance payouts in total in 2015 will add almost 30,000 acres of CDC Falcon, Starting April 1, cattle producers can MASC, which started offering to the program’s surplus. making it the second most popu- get a one-time interest rate credit licensed pedigreed seed inspection Although there were $63 million in reseeding payouts lar winter wheat behind Emerson at of 0.25 per cent when financing services last year, will again in 2016, on a million acres — mostly on canola frozen May 30 — 79,800 acres. livestock through MASC’s Stocker Thomson said. post-harvest claims were well below the 10-year average Starting this year farmers can Loan program if they purchase a Most crop insurance premiums are “so we will have a surplus to add to the fund balance,” choose not to insure high-genera- Western Livestock Price Insurance shared 40 per cent by farmers, 36 per Thomson said. tion seed plots (breeder, select or Program (WLPIP) policy, Kostyshyn cent by the federal government and In 2014, MASC paid out $170.2 million in claims result- foundation seed) and plots sown announced Jan. 18 in Brandon. 24 per cent by the province. ing in $32.1 million being added to the program’s reserve for research purposes. If a producer “This (interest rate cut) is an effort Farmers’ premium rates for each fund, he said. decides not to insure such plots the on our part to get people to think crop are determined by the crop’s When the reserve fund is above the target range of one associated production must be kept about the Western Livestock Price designated Risk Area and claim his- to 1.5 times pure premium MASC reduces the premium separate from insured production. Insurance Program,” Thomson said. tory, which establishes eligibility for rate, which lowers the producer premiums, which is the The list of crops eligible for “It’s a good combination.” any premium discount or surcharge. case in 2016, Thomson said. Vegetable Acreage Loss Insurance Introduced in 2014, the WLPIP for has been expanded to include win- cattle and hogs provides Manitoba [email protected]

PREDATION Continued from page 1 thing that is having a global government is very significant impact,” said Melinda Ger- and very much appreciated,” According to Kostyshyn, the man, general manager of the said German. hike in compensation has been MBP. “One of the biggest argu- While the increase will be made in response to producer ments we have always had is welcomed by the industry, Ger- feedback and is aimed to better that when producers are losing man says that there is still more reflect market conditions. calves to wildlife, they are not that could be done. The province will also adjust being paid for what that animal “One of the things that we compensation for young ani- is actually worth.” have always discussed going mals, increasing the amount to The MBP has been lobbying forward is maybe looking at reflect the estimated value at for better compensation for ways to tie losses to what is ac- the animal’s earliest practical predator losses for years. tually happening in the market weaning weight, rather than at “We have a working group and having a bit of a fluctuating the time of loss. made up of government folks response,” said German. “We and industry, which has been have tools in place now, like the A welcomed increase looking at solutions to this. We Western Livestock Price Insur- Predation and compensation have been going forward with ance that tracks prices of ani- rates were highly discussed different ideas and proposals mals, so it is an option.” issues at the Manitoba Beef about what needs to happen For further information Producers’ (MBP) district because we do have a signifi- about the Wildlife Damage meetings, which were held cant challenge here,” she said. Compensation Program visit, throughout the province this Losses caused by wildlife are www.masc.mb.ca/masc.nsf/ past fall. costly and can have major im- program_wildlife_damage_ “Predation has been a huge pacts on an operation especial- compensation.html. issue for us in Manitoba and ly when profit margins are thin. not just in Manitoba, it is some- “Seeing this response from [email protected] FILE PHOTO The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 7

Province lifts limitation on pasture insurance The pasture insurance pilot program that was limited to 90 producers last year is now open to the entire province

whether it is a tool it should programs, it is a win-win in my BY JENNIFER PAIGE continue to offer. mind.” Co-operator staff/Brandon “We have seen insurance be MASC is offering a one-time a real hit and miss and I think 0.25 per cent interest rate cut roducers who graze their that usage really depends on on its stocker loan program cattle have a new option the demographic of the pro- for producers who also pur- Pfor protecting them- ducer in the industry. For so chase Western Livestock Price selves from underperforming long this industry has been self- Insurance. pastures. insuring and taking care of their “This (interest rate cut) is an Ron Kostyshyn, minister of own business needs, so it is a effort on our part to get peo- Agriculture, Food and Rural big change for some produc- ple to think about the Western Development, announced ers,” said German. “But, when Livestock Price Insurance January 19 that the prov- these tools become available to Program. It’s a good combina- ince has lifted limitations on producers and the industry has tion,” said Thomson. the pasture days insurance the chance to provide feedback program. into government to improve the [email protected] The program is designed to photo: laura rance compensate producers who have had to remove livestock from pasture and start sup- plemental feeding earlier than expected. “We really encourage pro- ducers to take advantage of things like the pasture, price or forage insurance. These are important tools for produc- ers to be able to utilize and mitigate some of that risk, so we were really pleased to see that program open up,” said Melinda German, general manager of Manitoba Beef Producers.

“We think we’ve paid out around $600,000 in 2015, which is pretty substantial. The program is working.”

Craig Thomson vice-president of insurance operations with Manitoba Agricultural Services Corporation

Administered through the Manitoba Agricultural Service Corporation (MASC), the pro- gram was initiated last year as a pilot project with a limit of 90 producers. It will run for the next three years with no limita- tion on participation. “This is the first year we can promote it province-wide,” said Craig Thomson, vice-president of insurance operations with MASC. “We should find out if it will catch on or not.” ® MASC has 18 crop insurance RANCONA PINNACLE TAKES SEED TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY TO NEW LEVELS. offices throughout the province but only promoted the pilot out RANCONA® PINNACLE combines two powerful fungicides that provide both contact and systemic activity, with of two of its offices in 2015. “We think we’ve paid out RANCONA micro-dispersion technology for superior adhesion and coverage. And when more active ingredient around $600,000 in 2015, ends up on your seed and not your equipment, you’ll see improved seed emergence, healthier seedlings, and which is pretty substantial. The program is working,” said higher yields. To learn more, talk to your Arysta LifeScience representative or visit rancona.com. Thomson. MASC assesses the acres entering the program and cal- culates how many cattle the pasture should handle for ‘X’ number of days. Over time, cov- erage is based on the cattle pro- ARYSTA LIFESCIENCE 4.0000X10.0000 ducer’s history. Always read and follow label directions. Rancona is a registered trademark of MacDermid Agricultural Solutions, Inc. Removing participation 000066031r1 Arysta LifeScience and the Arysta LifeScience logo are registered trademarks of the Arysta LifeScience Corporation. RANU-002 restrictions will give the prov- 4CFF ince an idea of how widely used the program will be and 8 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 Tories challenge MacAulay on chief of staff The Conservatives’ agriculture critic alleges a ‘serious conflict of interest’

today sells eggs nationwide. McFall is a great-granddaugh- STAFF ter of the company’s founder, Joseph Hudson. Given McFall’s family’s “sizable stake in one of Canada’s he federal Conservatives want the House of key agricultural industries, this places her and by exten- Commons’ agriculture committee to probe the hir- sion your ability to exercise fair judgment into question,” T ing of a Canadian egg-processing heiress as chief of Warkentin wrote in a Jan. 20 letter to MacAulay. staff to the agriculture minister. McFall, a lawyer by profession, served as Burnbrae’s gen- Tory Agriculture Critic Chris Warkentin on Jan. 20 eral counsel for about three years before joining Belleville, called on both Agriculture Minister Lawrence MacAulay Ont.-based law firm Templeman Menninga in 2007, work- and his new chief of staff, Mary Jean McFall, to testify ing out of its offices in Brockville and Kingston, handling before the standing agriculture committee “at the earliest mainly corporate and commercial law. opportunity.” McFall also ran unsuccessfully for the federal Liberals in Warkentin, a northwestern Alberta MP, said he wants last October’s general election in eastern Ontario’s Leeds- MacAulay and McFall “to explain to Canadians how the Grenville riding, losing to Tory incumbent Gord Brown by a Liberal government has justified this glaring conflict of spread of 3,850 votes. interest.” MacAulay, Warkentin said, “has not adequately assured Warkentin specifically cited McFall’s “past, present or Canadians that his chief of staff will not use her new posi- future ties to her family’s large corporation, Burnbrae tion to advance her family’s private financial interest. How Farms, which for a period of time was also her can hardworking farm families trust that their minister is employer.” receiving unbiased advice?” He also noted her 12-year stint as a director on the board Mary Jean McFall PHOTO: leedsgrenville.liberal.ca of Egg Farmers of Ontario, which he described as “a lobby Senior adviser group representing specific industry interests relating to In federal cabinet ministers’ offices, the chief of staff is immediately comes into question,” Warkentin wrote to her family’s corporation.” considered the minister’s most senior political adviser, MacAulay. McFall, Warkentin said, has given “no adequate explana- and manages the minister’s office, including budgets and The public, Warkentin added, “should know whether tion for how she will be able to conduct herself fairly when staffing. The chief is also the minister’s liaison with senior McFall has committed to recuse herself from any discus- she advises on policy or potential trade deals that may department officials, the prime minister’s office and other sion on trade deals, supply management or the supply- impact her family’s corporation.” ministers’ chiefs of staff. managed egg industry.” Burnbrae Farms, a producer and processor operated by McFall’s “ability to make an unbiased decision when According to political news website iPolitics, McFall the Hudson family in eastern Ontario for over 120 years, a specific policy may affect Canada’s egg industry started as MacAulay’s chief of staff in late December.

WHAT’S UP

Please forward your agricultural events to daveb@fbcpublishing. com or call 204-944-5762.

Feb. 3: Brokenhead River Agricultural Conference, 8:30 a.m., Brokenhead River STILL USING ™ ® ™ ™ Community Hall, 320 Veterans CONQUER , BlackHawk , NEW GoldWing and NEW Valtera , when tank mixed with Lane, Beausejour. For more info glyphosate, provide greater weed control today and stronger stewardship for tomorrow. It’s time for call MAFRD at 204-268-6094. progress in your pre-seed burndown. Before you plant your next canola, cereal, pulse or soybean crop, Feb. 3-4: Manitoba Swine choose an advanced burndown for a better future. Seminar, Victoria Inn, 1808 GLYPHOSATE ALONE Wellington Ave., Winnipeg. For Ask your local retailer for more information. more info call 204-475-8585 or visit www.manitobaswinesemi nar.ca. 1.800.868.5444 | Nufarm.ca Feb. 4-5: Manitoba Beef FOR YOUR Producers annual general meet- ing, Victoria Inn, 3550 Victoria Ave., Brandon. For more info or to register visit www.mbbeef.ca/ annual-meeting/. BURNDOWN? Feb. 9: Farm Credit Canada Ag Outlook 2016, 1:15 p.m. to 4:30 p.m., Victoria Inn, 3550 Victoria Ave., Brandon. For more info or to register visit www.fcc-fac.ca/en/ events/ag-outlook.html. Feb. 10: Manitoba Sustainable Energy Association (ManSEA) conference and annual meeting, 9:30 a.m. to 4 p.m., Manitoba Agriculture GO Centre, 1129 Queens Ave., Brandon. For more info visit www.mansea.org or contact [email protected] or 204-727-1394 Feb. 10-11: CropConnect Conference, Victoria Inn, 1808 Wellington Ave., Winnipeg. For more info visit cropconnectconfer ence.ca. Feb. 14-16: Western Canadian Holistic Management Conference, Russell Inn and George P. Buleziuk Conference Centre, Russell. For more info call 204-648-3965 or to register and get details visit www. canadianfga.com. Feb. 18-19: Prairie Organics: Think Whole Farm, 9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Agriculture Building, 66 Dafoe Rd., Always read and follow label directions. PHOTO: Glenbow Archives NC-6-3334 University of Manitoba, Winnipeg. BlackHawk® is a registered trademark of Nufarm Agriculture Inc. Visit www.prairieorganics.ca for CONQUER™ and GoldWing™ are trademarks of Nufarm Agriculture Inc. Valtera™ is a trademark of Valent U.S.A. Corporation. details. 45824-02-01/16 March 1: Manitoba Turkey Producers annual meeting, Victoria Inn, 1808 Wellington Ave., Winnipeg. For more info call 204- 489-4635.

45824-02_NFC_2016_PSBurndown_17.4x10.indd 1 2016-01-20 7:05 AM The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 9 CP books more Prairie grain revenue at year-end Record revenue is reported for 2015, major job cuts are planned for 2016

STAFF “… we continue to igher grain revenue focus on what we can on Canada’s Prairies control.” H helped lead to record full-year revenues and offset a lower fourth-quarter gross for Hunter Harrison CEO, Canadian Pacific Canadian Pacific Railway (CP) Railway — as the company warned of substantial job cuts ahead. The railway on Jan. 21 Against “challenging” eco- reported overall net income nomic conditions and lower of $1.352 billion on record rev- commodity prices, he said, enue of $6.712 billion for 2015, “we continue to focus on what down from $1.476 billion on we can control — lowering $6.62 billion in fiscal 2014. For costs, creating efficiencies and its fourth quarter (Q4) ending improving service.” Dec. 31, CP booked $319 mil- CP on Jan. 21 reported mov- lion in profit on $1.687 billion ing about 285,000 carloads of in revenue, down from $451 Canadian grain in fiscal 2015, million on $1.76 billion in the down from 291,000 in 2014. Of year-earlier period. that grain handle, about 80,000 CEO Hunter Harrison noted carloads were moved in 2015’s Canadian Pacific Railway moved about 285,000 carloads of Canadian grain in 2015, down from 291,000 in 2014. file photo the company also posted a Q4, up from 75,000 in the year- “record-low” full-year operat- earlier period. ing ratio of 60 per cent, for Despite the lower handle, CP load of $3,750, up 11 per cent. enue per carload of $3,707, up 2015, up 14 per cent from 2014, which he credited the com- booked Canadian grain rev- For its 2015 Q4, CP reported four per cent. though U.S. grain carloads for pany’s “committed, hard- enue of $1.068 billion for the Canadian grain revenue of Among its other sectors, the year were down nine per working employees across the year (up from $988 million $296 million (up from $267 CP reported revenue per car- cent at 157,000. network.” in 2014) for revenue per car- million in the 2014 Q4) for rev- load of $3,326 on U.S. grain for In the fertilizers and sul- phur sector, CP moved 62,000 carloads in 2015, up five per cent, for revenue per carload of $4,410, up 16 per cent. In its pot- ash sector, CP moved 124,000 carloads in 2015, up five per cent, while revenue per carload was down two per cent at $2,887.

‘Regrettable’ Reuters on Jan. 21 reported CP’s separate announcement that it will press forward with plans to streamline operations and cut STILL USING ™ ® ™ ™ CONQUER , BlackHawk , NEW GoldWing and NEW Valtera , when tank mixed with back its workforce in 2016 by glyphosate, provide greater weed control today and stronger stewardship for tomorrow. It’s time for nearly 1,000 people, or about progress in your pre-seed burndown. Before you plant your next canola, cereal, pulse or soybean crop, seven per cent. choose an advanced burndown for a better future. “This is a story of recognizing GLYPHOSATE ALONE up front the things that you can- not control, which is the econ- Ask your local retailer for more information. omy, and then doing something about those that you can, like your operating performance,” FOR YOUR 1.800.868.5444 | Nufarm.ca Reuters quoted CP chief operat- ing officer Keith Creel as saying on a conference call. Unifor, the union represent- ing maintenance and mechani- BURNDOWN? cal staff at CP, described the cuts as “regrettable” given the company’s profits and revenue. “Last year they elimi- nated 1,800 staff; now they’re putting another 1,000 out of work despite the fact that they brought in $1.35 billion in net income in 2015,” Brian Stevens, Unifor’s national rail direc- tor, said Jan. 21 in a separate release. Unifor quoted Transport Canada as issuing an order to CP last week citing working conditions for train crews that “create excessive fatigue” and seeking changes to practices that pose “an immediate threat to safe railway operations.” CP managers, Stevens said, “were told that some of their crews were being worked to the point of exhaustion and now they plan further staff reductions?”

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Classifieds

45824-02_NFC_2016_PSBurndown_17.4x10.indd 1 2016-01-20 7:05 AM 10 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016

EXCHANGES: $1 Cdn: $0.7066 U.S. LIVESTOCK MARKETS January 21, 2016 $1 U.S: $1.4151 Cdn.

column Cattle Prices (Friday to Thursday) Winnipeg January 22, 2016 Slaughter Cattle Steers — Heifers — D1, 2 Cows 97.00 - 103.00 Some cattle producers balk D3 Cows 90.00 - 96.00 Bulls 127.00 - 136.00 Feeder Cattle (Price ranges for feeders refer to top-quality animals only) Steers (901+ lbs.) 180.00 - 212.00 at volatility in futures (801-900 lbs.) 200.00 - 216.00 (701-800 lbs.) 210.00 - 236.00 (601-700 lbs.) 220.00 - 255.00 Shakiness in energy and equities leaves markets erratic (501-600 lbs.) 235.00 - 290.00 (401-500 lbs.) 255.00 - 300.00 Heifers (901+ lbs.) 170.00 - 195.00 (801-900 lbs.) 180.00 - 205.00 (701-800 lbs.) 190.00 - 214.00 Jade MarkuS “It kind of helps when (U.S. (601-700 lbs.) 200.00 - 237.00 CNSC (501-600 lbs.) 220.00 - 237.00 packers) have a little bit of (401-500 lbs.) 240.00 - 275.00 flexibility on things like Canadian Slaughter Cattle ($/cwt) Alberta South Ontario Grade A Steers (1,000+ lbs.) $ 177.50 - 178.00 $ 161.77 - 182.03 cattle.” Grade A Heifers (850+ lbs.) 176.00 - 176.00 159.07 - 183.68 D1, 2 Cows 105.00 - 116.00 83.15 - 112.59 olatile futures markets are causing many D3 Cows 87.00 - 105.00 83.15 - 112.59 brian perillat Bulls — 116.76 - 145.39 Manitoba cattle producers to hold back CanFax Steers (901+ lbs.) $ 208.00 - 218.00 $ 197.77 - 231.74 from the market, according to one auc- (801-900 lbs.) 214.00 - 225.00 195.93 - 230.75 V tioneer, but other producers aren’t able to take (701-800 lbs.) 223.00 - 236.00 192.59 - 251.40 (601-700 lbs.) 238.00 - 255.00 199.35 - 270.03 a wait-and-see approach. than they were at the end of 2015 due to a (501-600 lbs.) 260.00 - 282.00 215.26 - 284.42 “Volumes were low, so I wasn’t really able to rally at the end of December and into the new (401-500 lbs.) 289.00 - 315.00 225.05 - 294.96 Heifers (901+ lbs.) $ 192.00 - 200.00 $ 171.65 - 202.98 establish a decent market this week,” said Dave year, and are attributed to current shakiness. (801-900 lbs.) 198.00 - 210.00 184.01 - 205.89 Nickel, auctioneer at Gladstone Auction Mart, “Futures and the markets are adjusting to these (701-800 lbs.) 203.00 - 217.00 175.52 - 219.72 which reported a 184-head sale on Jan. 19. higher price levels,” he said. (601-700 lbs.) 215.00 - 230.00 195.39 - 243.06 (501-600 lbs.) 230.00 - 248.00 204.66 - 245.28 Cattle futures have been erratic after Going forward, futures markets could stabi- (401-500 lbs.) 244.00 - 271.00 216.05 - 268.28 strengthening at the start of the year, and pro- lize, he said, as storms in the U.S. have hurt cat- ducers are waiting to see where those prices tle’s performance there. Futures (January 22, 2016) in U.S. will move next, he said. Beef supplies will likely be tighter than ana- Fed Cattle Close Change Feeder Cattle Close Change February 2016 130.55 -2.97 January 2016 158.80 -5.02 “The futures are pounding back and forth lysts had thought they would be in the first April 2016 131.50 -2.80 March 2016 154.77 -6.18 and everybody is kind of unsure what they’re quarter of 2016, which in turn is supportive to June 2016 122.73 -2.05 April 2016 155.35 -5.47 doing.” futures and local prices. August 2016 118.85 -2.43 May 2016 155.20 -5.00 October 2016 119.90 -2.43 August 2016 157.18 -4.38 Robin Hill of Heartland Livestock Services “Hopefully we’ll see some stability and some

December 2016 120.00 -2.28 September 2016 155.10 -4.33 at Virden said volumes increased at his 2,809- rangebound prices,” Perillat said, adding that head auction on Jan. 20, but added that volatil- he doesn’t think prices will be able to move Cattle Slaughter Cattle Grades (Canada) ity in the futures market is causing some uncer- much higher. Week Ending Previous Week Ending Previous January 16, 2016 Year­ January 16, 2016 Year tainty at the local level. Demand for Canadian beef is also ramping Canada 47,080 44,531 Prime 1,253 827 “One day it’s up two, three or four points, and up, which could hold prices steady. East 11,804 11,120 AAA 23,892 19,635 then the next day it’s down the same, so we had South Korea has reopened its borders to West 35,276 33,411 AA 11,333 14,047 some highs and lows,” he said. Canadian beef, which is supportive. South Manitoba N/A N/A A 572 505 U.S. 568,000 550,000 B 542 579 Prices at local auctions are stronger than in Korea had temporarily stopped importing D 8,771 8,292 December, and buyers were aggressive this Canadian beef last February due to concerns E 97 33 week, especially at the 650-lb. level, he added. about BSE, but lifted those restrictions in “As far as I’m concerned, there are lots of early January. “So that should get rolling here,” homes for the cattle; it’s just the uncertainty Perillat said. Hog Prices about the volatility in the markets.” The repeal of U.S. country-of-origin labelling (Friday to Thursday) ($/100 kg) Source: Manitoba Agriculture Futures markets were turbulent at the start (COOL) also remains a demand driver support- E - Estimation of the year, but demand concerns from China ive to Canadian prices. “With that going away, MB. ($/hog) Current Week Last Week Last Year (Index 100) and general instability in outside markets — we’re seeing some decent demand out of pack- MB (All wts.) (Fri-Thurs.) 165 E 156.38 176.22 such as crude oil, equities and currencies — ing plants for Canadian cattle,” Perillat said. MB (Index 100) (Fri-Thurs.) 153 E 148.46 163.76 heightened concerns, said Brian Perillat, man- “It kind of helps when they have a little bit of ON (Index 100) (Mon.-Thurs.) 148.14 141.87 164.23 ager and senior analyst at CanFax, the mar- flexibility on things like Canadian cattle, and PQ (Index 100) (Mon.-Fri.) 149.99 141.73 166.80 ket analysis arm of the Canadian Cattlemen’s you don’t have to worry about segregation as Association in Calgary. much.” Futures (January 22, 2016) in U.S. “If you see the Dow Jones and the TSX down Hogs Close Change a whole bunch, you know cattle futures, and a Jade Markus writes for Commodity News Service Canada, February 2016 63.75 1.40 lot of other markets, are all sinking with them.” a Winnipeg company specializing in grain and commodity April 2016 69.03 1.25 market reporting. May 2016 75.58 0.88 At current levels, futures values are higher June 2016 79.30 0.47 July 2016 79.00 0.75

Other Market Prices briefs Sheep and Lambs Winnipeg SunGold Argentina to allow In the first 15 days of this ing ample domestic supply $/cwt Wooled Fats Toronto Specialty Meats year 59,924 head of cattle during her administration. Ewes Choice — 135.18 - 165.43 — beef imports Lambs (110+ lb.) 145.00 - 165.00 157.56 - 178.92 were sold in Argentina’s Buryaile, a cattle rancher (95 - 109 lb.) 160.00 - 188.00 173.44 - 202.65 Buenos Aires/Reuters / domestic market, down by trade, aims to dramati- (80 - 94 lb.) 160.00 - 188.00 202.35 - 233.01 Argentina will allow beef from 72,546 in the same cally increase Argentina’s (Under 80 lb.) 190.00 - 212.00 231.67 - 302.75 (New crop) — — imports if the recent opening 2015 period. beef production, as well of the export market results “We will not allow a as output of poultry and in a domestic shortage of shortage to take place,” pork. Chickens Eggs steaks and burgers, Farm Buryaile told local radio Beef exports at the Minimum broiler prices as of April 13, 2010 Minimum prices to producers for ungraded Minister Ricardo Buryaile station Radio 10. “If some- end of 2015 were around Under 1.2 kg...... $1.5130 eggs, f.o.b. egg grading station, set by the 1.2 - 1.65 kg...... $1.3230 Manitoba Egg Producers Marketing Board told local radio Jan. 21. one requests authorization 200,000 tonnes per year. 1.65 - 2.1 kg...... $1.3830 effective November 10, 2013. The country lifted restric- to import, we will grant The government’s goal is 2.1 - 2.6 kg...... $1.3230 New Previous tions on beef exports after permission.” to increase that by 60 per A Extra Large $2.00 $2.05 A Large 2.00 2.05 President Mauricio Macri, Previous president cent by the end of 2016. A Medium 1.82 1.87 elected in November on an Cristina Fernandez Twelve years ago Turkeys A Small 1.40 1.45 open-markets platform, adopted protectionist Argentina was the second- Minimum prices as of January 15, 2016 A Pee Wee 0.3775 0.3775 was inaugurated on Dec. trade policies and market biggest beef exporter in Broiler Turkeys Nest Run 24 + 1.8910 1.9390 10. Permitting exports controls. She did not grant the world. Now it comes in (6.2 kg or under, live weight truck load average) B 0.45 0.45 C 0.15 0.15 has raised worries that permission to import beef, at 15th or 16th, according Grade A ...... $1.930 beef may become scarce in part because she tightly to Macri’s farm policy Undergrade ...... $1.840 Goats Hen Turkeys domestically. controlled exports, ensur- team. (between 6.2 and 8.5 kg liveweight truck load average) Winnipeg Toronto Grade A ...... $1.915 (Hd Fats) ($/cwt) Undergrade ...... $1.815 Kids — 150.06 - 384.44 Light Tom/Heavy Hen Turkeys Billys — — (between 8.5 and 10.8 kg liveweight truck load average) Mature — 117.72 - 324.96 Grade A ...... $1.915 Undergrade ...... $1.815 Horses Tom Turkeys Winnipeg Toronto Looking for results? Check out the market reports (10.8 and 13.3 kg, live weight truck load average) ($/cwt) ($/cwt) Grade A...... $1.885 <1,000 lbs. — 95.00 - 95.00 » PaGe 14 Undergrade...... $1.800 from livestock auctions around the province. Prices are quoted f.o.b. producers premise. 1,000 lbs.+ — 55.00 -79.00 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 11 GRAIN MARKETS column Manitoba Elevator Prices

Average quotes as of January 22, 2016 ($/tonne)

Future Basis Cash Canola futures up and down E. Manitoba wheat 182.62 53.83 236.45 W. Manitoba wheat 182.62 45.21 229.58 as energy markets churn E. Manitoba canola 481.70 -27.91 453.79 W. Manitoba canola 481.70 -31.40 450.30 The loonie’s sudden jump last week dragged on canola Source: pdqinfo.ca

The Bank of Canada took centre stage DAVE SIMS Jan. 20 with its decision not to lower inter- Port Prices CNSC est rates. Bank governor Stephen Poloz told reporters the decision was based partly on As of Friday, January 22, 2016 ($/tonne) the federal government’s promise to boost Last Week Weekly Change infrastructure spending, along with the state U.S. hard red winter 12% Houston 194.10 -1.18 of the weakened dollar. CE Futures Canada canola contracts were Jan. 21 saw the loonie record its largest U.S. spring wheat 14% Portland 224.87 -0.08 taken on a wild ride for the week ended single-day jump in recent memory, which Canola Thunder Bay 489.00 -2.50 Jan. 22, ultimately posting modest gains weighed down canola. Large funds stayed I Canola Vancouver 509.00 -2.50 in a market that was pushed up and down by mostly on the sidelines and farmer selling volatile energy markets and subsequent cur- held steady while crush margins levelled off. rency action. By the end of the week the volatility The Canadian dollar dropped to 68 U.S. had cooled off and canola was back into a cents at one point during the week before nearer-normal trading range. Closing Futures Prices rallying above 70 cents. Global markets, In the U.S., CBOT (Chicago Board of including the TSX and Dow Jones, were also Trade) soybeans recorded minor losses dur- As of Monday, January 25, 2016 ($/tonne) roiled by the plunging price of oil. The fal- ing the holiday-shortened week as demand Last Week Weekly Change tering state of the Chinese economy exacer- worries entered the market. Lower oil prices bated the situation. Both stock markets lost and slumping stock markets pressured ICE canola 483.00 -2.50 hundreds of points early in the week before CBOT soy. However, dryness in key regions ICE milling wheat 246.00 6.00 stabilizing and climbing higher by week’s of Brazil tempered the losses. ICE barley 190.00 8.00 end. Corn futures posted solid gains for the Mpls. HRS wheat The vegetable oil market was generally week as export sales were better than 183.81 2.85 lower, with palm oil exports out of Malaysia expected. Speculative funds also engaged in Chicago SRW wheat 174.53 2.30 dropping significantly, according to cargo short-covering, which helped corn futures Kansas City HRW wheat 173.25 1.10 surveyor data. hold their ground. On the other side of the While the loonie’s downward action makes coin, prices also felt the weight of the crude Corn 144.48 3.54 canola a bargain in many buyers’ eyes, it oil meltdown as demand for ethanol wanes. Oats 132.12 2.27 still depends on what country they’re in and Wheat futures were a mixed bag as Soybeans 322.80 -1.38 how their own currency is being affected. Chicago contracts recorded modest gains For instance, Russia’s ruble has been pres- while both Minneapolis and Kansas City Soymeal 299.96 -2.20 sured more severely than the loonie, giving futures were slightly below unchanged. Soyoil 660.18 4.19 that country’s wheat exporters a definite Weather issues were supportive as cold advantage. weather in the Black Sea region and U.S. Volumes were on the light side due to the Plains threatened winter wheat supplies. shorter week as U.S. markets were closed for Martin Luther King Jr. Day. Speculators Dave Sims writes for Commodity News Service Canada, a Cash Prices Winnipeg took the time to briefly enter the market and Winnipeg company specializing in grain and commodity As of Monday, January 25, 2016 ($/tonne) advance their positions. market reporting. Last Week Weekly Change Feed wheat 203.91 n/a Feed barley 179.59 -6.89 For three-times-daily market reports and more from Rye n/a n/a Flaxseed 467.69 10.24 Commodity News Service Canada, visit the Markets section at Feed peas n/a n/a www.manitobacooperator.ca. Oats 188.04 1.30 Soybeans 399.41 -2.20 Sunflower (NuSun) Fargo, ND ($U.S./CWT) 16.55 0.15 Sunflower (Confection) Fargo, ND ($U.S./CWT) Ask Ask

Prairie spring wheat bids dip as loonie rises Durum bids held relatively steady over the past week

ern Manitoba, to as high as $243 in are converted to Canadian dollars, most CWRS contracts in Canada are BY PHIL FRANZ-WARKENTIN southern Alberta. CWRS basis levels across Western based, was quoted at US$4.97 per CNS Canada Quoted basis levels varied from Canada range from $12 to $29 below bushel on Jan. 22, down 0.25 U.S. location to location, but were gen- the futures. cents from the previous week. ash spring wheat bids across erally sitting at $46-$62 per tonne Average Canada Prairie Spring Kansas City hard red winter wheat Western Canada moved lower above the futures when using the Red (CPSR) bids were down by $2-$6 futures, traded in Chicago, are more C during the week ended Jan. 22, grain company methodology of per tonne. Average CPSR prices closely linked to CPSR in Canada. as volatile activity in the Canadian quoting the basis as the difference came in at about $188 per tonne in The March K.C. wheat contract was dollar caused basis levels to soften. between U.S. dollar-denominated Manitoba, $188-$202 per tonne in quoted at US$4.7075 per bushel on Average Canada Western Red futures and Canadian dollar cash Saskatchewan, and $205-$208 per Jan. 22, down 3.25 U.S. cents com- Spring (CWRS) wheat prices were bids. tonne in Alberta. pared to the previous week. down by $3-$6 per tonne over the When accounting for the cur- Average durum prices were nar- The March CBOT (Chicago Board week, according to price quotes rency exchange rates by adjusting rowly mixed during the week, hold- of Trade) soft wheat contract set- from a cross-section of delivery the Canadian prices to U.S. dollars, ing relatively steady overall. Bids in tled Jan. 22 at US$4.755, 1.75 U.S. points across the Prairie provinces CWRS bids ranged from US$160 to southern Saskatchewan, where the cents higher compared to one week compiled by PDQ (Price and Data $172 per tonne. That would put the bulk of the crop is grown, were up a earlier. Quotes). currency adjusted basis levels at dollar to down a dollar, to sit in the The Canadian dollar closed Jan. Average CWRS prices ranged from about US$9-$21 below the futures. $316- to $318-per-tonne area. 22 at 70.67 U.S. cents, up nearly two about $227 per tonne in south- Looking at it the other way The March spring wheat con- cents relative to its U.S. counterpart eastern Saskatchewan and west- around, if the Minneapolis futures tract in Minneapolis, off of which compared to January 15. 12 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 LIVESTOCK h u s b a n d r y — the science, S K I LL O R ART t O F F a r M i n G

New requirements in place to mitigate pain during specific procedures Provincial extension veterinarian says the new Code of Practice requirements make calves easier to handle and typically allow faster recovery due to reduced stress levels

BY JENNIFER PAIGE Co-operator staff/Brandon

hanges to the National Beef Code of Practice, which took Ceffect earlier this month, place new requirements on producers to provide pain control for dehorn- ing and castration in cattle that are older than nine months. “A lot of producers do these pro- cedures earlier on so it won’t have a huge impact on them, but for oth- ers it will mean a conversation with their veterinarian to look at the best options,” said Melinda German, Manitoba Beef Producers general manager. According to Wayne Tomlinson, extension veterinarian with Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, producers have a few options in carrying out the new requirements. PHOTO: thinkstock “Producers can learn to admin- ister these pain control products “The code is a really themselves, contract their veterinar- important document, ian, use polled genetics to get rid of the horns or look at performing not only because it these tasks earlier,” said Tomlinson. helps producers see the Performing castration earlier on goalposts but it is also in the animal’s life doesn’t require pain mitigation as the tissue area is a document that other much smaller and the blood supply groups look at. It helps is less developed. us tell the story of what The same can be said for dehorn- we are doing in our ing, as the cow’s horns do not actu- ally attach to its skull until it reaches management practices three to four months old. to those outside of the “At the stage where the horn bud sector.” is not attached to the bone, we do Wayne Tomlinson, extension veterinarian not have to use pain medication, with Manitoba Agriculture, Food and Rural Melinda German, Manitoba Beef you are welcome to, but it is not Development spoke to producers about Producers general manager says the required according to the Animal the new Code of Practice requirements at a new requirements have been staggered Care Act,” said Tomlinson. Melinda German Beef and Forage seminar held in Holland on Manitoba Beef Producers in implementation to help ease financial general manager Benefits January 13. photo: jennifer paige repercussions. photo: jennifer paige Tomlinson said there are a number of benefits to making these man- “By and large, producers are the “As you can appreciate there was around this and has initiated a agement changes. Calves are more best stewards of the land and the best a side of the table that really pushed research project which will eval- comfortable and easier to handle, people to care for those animals, but for these changes and pushed for uate the age, technique and pain they travel better, suckle more and a lot people don’t see that or don’t them to happen now. The other side medication required when we are typically recover faster because of understand what we do. So, they ask of the table, those who are involved performing these procedures,” said reduced stress levels. questions around these painful pro- in the industry, know the limita- Tomlinson. “There are certainly some eco- cedures and around the manage- tions,” said German. “The conver- “This will give us some science- nomic benefits and reasons why ment of pain,” said German. “The sation around that table was that based data that will tell us how we should be doing this,” said code is a really important document, we understand and we hear what much pain medication we really Tomlinson. “Stress caused by pain not only because it helps producers you are saying, but we don’t have need in these calves. We certainly affects the animal’s cortisol lev- see the goalposts but it is also a doc- the tools in place to be able to do need more research on this and els and that causes a decrease in ument that other groups look at. It that. And even if we did, the cost there is also a need to develop more immune function, lowering the helps us tell the story of what we are would be too great.” user-friendly medication options.” ability to fight off infection, it also doing in our management practices The age requirement has been The Beef Cattle Research decreases weight gain and has an to those outside of the sector.” staggered specifically to give the Association has also released a impact on reproductive hormones.” industry time to develop bet- video explaining the new require- Additionally, having these stand- Staggered implementation ter products, adjust produc- ments, which also includes infor- ards in place aids in addressing con- The age requirement to provide pain tion methods and ease financial mation on various pain control sumer concerns over animal wel- control for dehorning and castra- repercussions. products: www.beefresearch.ca/ fare and provides sector groups with tion will be adjusted again, from nine “The Beef Cattle Research pain. more material when talking with the months to six months, on January 1, Council has acknowledged that public about production methods. 2018. there is a lack of information [email protected] The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 13 Iowa hog barn-building binge may spur even lower prices U.S. hog inventory is already at its highest level since tracking began in 1988

BY THEOPOLIS WATERS Chicago/Reuters “I think the farmer who partners armers have ramped up with us to build a construction of swine finishing barn is F barns in Iowa, home to looking to diversify about a third of U.S. hogs, as they take advantage of cheap their source of farm feed and demand for pork from income.” countries including China and Mexico. Some are also looking to add Josh Flint space for the heavier pigs now The Maschhoffs favoured by customers and to cater for extra piglets as sows become more fertile, experts of $7.93 per head in 2015 — said. little better than a 10th of the But with hog prices near six- $61.85 per head in 2014 when year lows and profits slashed PEDv-constricted supplies sent from 2014 when porcine epi- hog prices climbing (all figures demic diarrhea virus (PEDv) US$). ravaged supplies, adding num- This year, farmers could bers to the U.S. herd could cut struggle to make any profit in incomes further this year from the first half, the university pre- Already home to about a third of U.S. hogs — such as these weeks-old pigs at Paustian Enterprises at Walcott, just west of 2015, experts say. dicts, with annual earnings slid- Davenport, in November 2014 — Iowa is in the midst of a hog barn-building spree. photo: reuters/daniel acker Last year, Iowa farmers built ing to $5.41 per head. 280 barns capable of hold- ing more than 1,250 head, over 60 per cent more than 2014 but shy of the 347 con- structed in 2012, according to data recently released by the Sharing Ideas and Information for Efficient Pork Production state’s Department of Natural Resources. “There is a demand from our customer for heavier market weights, five to 10 pounds heav- ier than two years ago,” said Allen Whiley, who oversees rais- Manitoba ing hogs at Iowa Select Farms. “At the same time our sow productivity has increased, meaning there are more pigs weaned and marketed per sow,” Swine Seminar he added. U.S. sows on average gave birth to a record 10.53 pig- lets in a litter in the September- November quarter. 2016 Josh Flint, a spokesman with pig farmer and pork producer The Maschhoffs, said the com- pany had contracted with some February 3 & 4 Iowa family farmers for new fin- ishing barns. The company, which says it Victoria Inn Hotel & Convention Centre produces enough pork to feed WINNIPEG, MANITOBA 16 million Americans a year, did not expand in 2015 and has no plans to do so this year. You are invited to join local, national & international speakers as they discuss: The U.S. hog inventory hit 68.3 million head as of Dec. 1, • Sow feeding strategies in gestation and lactation the highest since 1988 when the • Humane transport: What you need to know about transporting sows U.S. Department of Agriculture started collecting data. • Feeding piglets for gut health to optimize growth “Generally, I think the farmer • Lessons learned using needle-less injectors who partners with us to build a finishing barn is looking to • State of the industry diversify their source of farm • Understanding feeders and drinkers for grow/finish pigs income,” said Flint. Farmers view building a hog • How to extract more value from manure barn as an effective way to • Challenges associated with water medicators increase income without hav- ing to expand corn and soybean • Panel discussion: How to implement the codes of practice on farm operations. But pork profits are already ...and much more weak and could head lower this year, Iowa State University • Day rate also available economist Lee Schulz said. $ ISU estimates that Iowa pro- Registration: 200 • Special rate for students (with ID) ducers who take hogs from (Includes GST) • Costs include lunch and birth to slaughter made a profit one copy of the proceedings • FREE parking

Online registration available NOW! For more information: www.ManitobaSwineSeminar.ca A great way to Dallas Ballance, conference manager Buy and Sell without the effort. Tel: (204) 475-8585 Fax: (204) 475-8200 [email protected] Classifieds

MSS_ad16_after_MC_R2_pr.indd 1 2016-01-14 3:33 PM 14 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 LIVESTOCK AUCTION RESULTS

Weight Category Ashern Gladstone Grunthal Heartland Heartland Killarney Ste. Rose Winnipeg Brandon Virden Feeder Steers 20-Jan 19-Jan 19-Jan 21-Jan 20-Jan 18-Jan 21-Jan 22-Jan No. on offer 420 184* 146 468 2,809* 563* 2,105* 590 Over 1,000 lbs. n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 180.00-195.00 900-1,000 n/a n/a n/a 200.00-219.00 197.00-213.00 n/a 200.00-208.00 190.00-209.00 800-900 n/a 179.00-212.00 180.00-207.00 210.00-229.00 202.00-220.00 n/a 210.00-223.00 200.00-218.50 700-800 210.00-231.00 187.00-222.50 185.00-212.00 220.00-240.00 214.00-230.00 215.00-236.00 225.00-233.00 212.00-235.00 600-700 220.00-250.00 204.00-249.00 215.00-247.00 240.00-258.00 229.00-257.00 225.00-251.00 230.00-262.00 225.00-271.00 500-600 249.00-275.00 220.00-272.00 225.00-251.00 260.00-285.00 250.00-281.00 245.00-270.00 250.00-288.00 240.00-288.00 400-500 244.00-272.00 225.00-264.50 250.00-275.00 270.00-305.00 270.00-312.00 270.00-299.00 250.00-295.00 270.00-302.00 300-400 n/a n/a 275.00-330.00 n/a n/a n/a n/a 275.00-310.00 Feeder heifers 900-1,000 lbs. n/a n/a n/a 180.00-197.00 183.00-194.00 n/a n/a 175.00-193.00 800-900 n/a n/a 170.00-190.00 190.00-205.00 188.00-201.00 n/a 193.00-205.00 180.00-205.00 700-800 180.00-205.00 172.00-190.00 190.00-205.00 195.00-215.00 192.00-205.00 190.00-203.00 195.00-210.00 190.00-212.00 600-700 190.00-215.00 159.00-218.00 205.00-225.00 205.00-225.00 201.00-224.00 200.00-211.00 210.00-227.00 205.00-240.00 500-600 200.00-228.00 190.00-237.50 215.00-235.00 220.00-245.00 219.00-241.00 210.00-240.00 215.00-245.00 220.00-255.00 400-500 224.00-244.00 210.00-242.00 230.00-262.00 235.00-270.00 230.00-260.00 240.00-265.00 215.00-262.00 235.00-266.00 300-400 n/a n/a 240.00-280.00 n/a n/a n/a 205.00-260.00 240.00-282.00 Slaughter Market No. on offer 81 n/a 58 256 n/a n/a n/a 120 D1-D2 Cows 91.00-99.00 n/a n/a 93.00-107.50 97.00-106.00 97.00-107.00 98.00-109.00 97.00-105.00 D3-D5 Cows 84.00-90.00 n/a n/a 80.00-93.00 92.00-97.00 n/a 85.00-95.00 85.00-93.00 Age Verified 100.00-110.00 85.00-109.00 n/a n/a 99.00-109.00 125.00-142.5 n/a n/a Good Bulls 126.00-146.00 n/a n/a 135.00-151.00 133.00-145.00 n/a n/a 125.00-135.00 Butcher Steers n/a n/a n/a n/a 159.00-166.00 n/a n/a n/a Butcher Heifers n/a n/a n/a n/a 157.00-164.00 n/a n.a n/a Feeder Cows n/a n/a 105.00-120.00 n/a 102.00-115.00 105.00-115.00 n/a 100.00-110.00 Fleshy Export Cows n/a n/a 90.00-102.00 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Lean Export Cows n/a n/a 80.00-90.00 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Heiferettes 110.00-180.00 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a 125.00-170.00 115.00-135.00 * includes slaughter market (Note all prices in CDN$ per cwt. These prices also generally represent the top one-third of sales reported by the auction yard.)

SHEEP & GOAT COLUMN Yearly pattern followed, with fewer animals delivered Producers supplied 175 sheep and goats for the January 20, 2016 sale at Winnipeg Livestock Auction. Following the lower quantity of sheep and goats, this continues until near the Easter market period

received a price range from By Mark Elliot $1.60 to $1.63 per pound. / lb. animal weight Co-operator contributor The 95-pound lambs brought Ewes $1.60 $156.80 $1.50 per pound. Twenty-five wes were represented by 104-pound Cheviot-cross Lambs (lbs.) two Dorper-cross ewes. lambs brought $146.64 ($1.41 E The bidding was strong per pound). Once again, the 110+ n/a for these 98-pound ewes. bidding did not reach the top 95 - 110 $1.50 - $1.63 $147 - $154.85 However, these ewes did not of last sale’s prices. reach the top prices com- The majority of the lambs $1.41 $146.64 pared to the last sale. Then was in the price range from ewes brought $156.80 ($1.60 $1.84 to $2 per pound. Nine 80 - 94 $1.84 - $2 $160.08 - $162.12 per pound). 91-pound Cheviot-cross $1.68 $152.88 There was extremely strong lambs brought $1.68 per bidding for rams. A 185-pound pound. Under 80 Dorper-cross ram brought There was a strong demand $275.65 ($1.49 per pound). and interest for the light- 70 - 76 $2 - $2.09 $150 - $158.84 Two-173 pound Dorper-cross weight lambs. A majority of $1.76 $123.20 rams brought $73.34 ($1.58 the lambs was in the price per pound). Two 133-pound range from $2 to $2.09 per 60 - 68 $2.08 $141.44 Suffolk-cross rams brought pound. Two 70-pound lambs $222.11 ($1.67 per pound). brought $1.76 per pound. $1.89 $113.40 There were no heavyweight Nine 68-pound Suffolk- lambs for this sale. cross lambs brought $141.44 Market lambs were well ($2.08 per pound). A 60-pound cross goat buck brought $350 Report clearly indicated that Christmas and the first sale of represented but prices did Suffolk-cross lamb brought ($1.46 per pound). Twelve the prices of the heavy lambs the new year. The past many not reach last sale’s prices. $113.40 ($1.89 per pound). 83-pound Boer-cross weth- had decreased, with even less months, the goat prices have The lighter-weight lambs The selection of goats was ers brought $177 ($2.13 per demand for the lightweight remained constant or steady. produced a higher bidding very limited. There were no pound). lambs. The new-crop lambs This past sale showed lower price. The 95-pound lambs goat does. A 240-pound Boer- The Ontario Stockyard have dropped from before bidding which is unusual. The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 15

COLUMN Biosecurity practices for horses Infectious organisms are effective ‘hitchhikers’ so avoid sharing water buckets and equipment at shows

horse behaviour and vitals. brood mares and young foals. Carol Healthy horses have clear Although it may be impossi- Shwetz DVM eyes, no nasal discharge, and ble to control all movement of Horse Health a normal attitude and stance. horses and/or “horsey” peo- Be mindful of the “off” and ple through a farm, one can perhaps ill horse. Most infec- monitor and direct the traffic tious diseases are accompa- of highest risk. iosecurity measures do nied by a fever. The normal Since most infectious organ- not need to be com- rectal temperature for a horse isms can use organic material B plicated or expensive is 36.5 to 38.5 C (97.5 to 101.5 as a shield, removing manure, undertakings to be effective. F). Remember the 4s are a dirt, and debris from trans- In fact the simplest of prac- fever. i.e. 40 C/104 F. missible objects with soap tices can make the most dif- At equine events, develop and water, is the first and per- ference. Infectious and con- the ability to recognize the haps the most essential step tagious diseases are not ran- ‘ill-ish’ horses and keep you in hygiene. This step is nec- dom events, rather the disease and your horse at a distance. essary prior to the use of any requires a chain of events to Also, be courteous if the ‘ill- disinfectant. manifest — like the perfect ish’ horse is yours and politely The pathogenic burden storm. The viral, bacterial, remove it from the venue. can be reduced by up to 90 parasitic or fungal pathogens Simple practices such as per cent by simple clean- merely capitalize whenever avoiding nose-to-nose con- ing. Once organic material opportunity exists. tact and minimizing inter- is removed and the objects The most significant defence actions between unfamiliar are rinsed of soapy residues, a horse has against infec- horses, staying away from disinfectants can then effec- tious diseases will be its own confined spaces with poor tively penetrate and disarm immune system. The immune air quality, and not sharing the offending organism. It is system is an invisible qual- community waters dramati- necessary to adhere to con- ity of health, which provides cally reduce the rate of expo- tact times when applying dis- resistance against infectious sure between horses, and so infectants in order to achieve disease. It successfully uses decrease the chances of ani- sufficient elimination of the combinations of antibodies, mals getting sick. pathogen. messenger proteins, and spe- The next level of risk is Commercial disinfectants cialized cell bodies to main- “anything” that touches a like Virkon can be used for tain a state of well-being. contagious horse as the secre- disinfecting grooming equip- Providing horses with appro- tions of an infected horse ment, tack, trailers, stalls, priate nutrition, movement, have the potential to trans- car tires, and works well in optimal air quality, adequate fer their pathogenic cargo footbaths. Although one part Nose-to-nose contact is a primary means for transmission of respiratory diseases rest and easing stress, where to other horses. Infectious household bleach to 10 parts between horses. photo: supplied possible, strengthens the organisms are in effect “hitch- water is a good general-pur- immune system, which in turn hikers” and need a vehicle pose disinfectant as well, it protects the horse. for transmission. Know their site, commingle with other into your health-care pro- can be rather harsh on chemi- Vaccinations can play a role vehicles. horses, and then return home. gram. If horses are continu- cally sensitive items. It is fur- in a horse’s immunity, yet Communal “anything” car- Isolation for 30 days is ideal ally moving to and from the ther advisable to separate vaccines alone do not equal ries a risk to transfer patho- since most infectious diseases farm to shows, races, training, clothing and footwear used immunity against disease. gens i.e. water sources, tack, will express themselves in and competitions, it is advis- during travel from those com- Veterinarians customize vac- feeding supplies, grooming that time. able to group them separate monly used when at home. cination programs based on equipment, trailers, hous- During these 30 days, from the ones that remain on the individual needs of each ing — even, and especially, observe the new animal(s) for the farm. This measure can Carol Shwetz is a veterinarian focusing horse, acknowledging cur- communal “people” with their illness, and integrate them be particularly relevant with on equine practice in Millarville, Alta. rently relevant diseases, the hands, clothing and boots. level of risk to the affected While travelling with horses individuals and recommend- practise “safe” sharing or ing which, when and how to maybe no sharing if possible. best vaccinate. New arrivals Greatest risk Disease introduction at the The greatest risk to biosecu- home site is most likely to rity is the infected and thus occur either when new ani- contagious horse. Therefore mals are introduced, or it is of value to know healthy when animals are taken off

Trait Stewardship Responsibilities Notice to Farmers

Monsanto Company is a member of Excellence Through Stewardship® (ETS). Monsanto products are commercialized in accordance with ETS Product Launch Stewardship Guidance, and in compliance with Monsanto’s Policy for Commercialization of Biotechnology-Derived Plant Products in Commodity Crops. Commercialized products have been approved for import into key export markets with functioning regulatory systems. Any crop or material produced from this product can only be exported to, or used, processed or sold in countries where all necessary regulatory approvals have been granted. It is a violation of national and international law to move material containing biotech traits across boundaries into nations where import is not permitted. Growers should talk to their grain handler or product purchaser to confirm their buying position for this product. Excellence Through Stewardship® is a registered trademark of Excellence Through Stewardship.

ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW PESTICIDE LABEL DIRECTIONS. Roundup Ready® crops contain genes that confer tolerance to glyphosate, the active ingredient in Roundup® brand agricultural herbicides. Roundup® brand agricultural herbicides will kill crops that are not tolerant to glyphosate. Acceleron® seed treatment technology for canola contains the active ingredients difenoconazole, metalaxyl (M and S isomers), fludioxonil and thiamethoxam. Acceleron® seed treatment technology for canola plus Vibrance® is a combination of two separate individually-registered products, which together contain the active ingredients difenoconazole, metalaxyl (M and S isomers), fludioxonil, thiamethoxam, and sedaxane. Acceleron® seed treatment technology for corn (fungicides and insecticide) is a combination of four separate individually-registered products, which together contain the active ingredients metalaxyl, trifloxystrobin, ipconazole, and clothianidin. Acceleron® seed treatment technology for corn (fungicides only) is a combination of three separate individually-registered products, which together contain the active ingredients metalaxyl, trifloxystrobin and ipconazole. Acceleron® seed treatment technology for corn with Poncho®/ VoTivo™ (fungicides, insecticide and nematicide) is a combination of five separate individually-registered products, which together contain the active ingredients metalaxyl, trifloxystrobin, ipconazole, clothianidin and Bacillus firmus strain I-1582. Acceleron® seed treatment technology for soybeans (fungicides and insecticide) is a combination of four separate individually registered products, which together contain the active ingredients fluxapyroxad, pyraclostrobin, metalaxyl and imidacloprid. Acceleron® seed treatment technology for soybeans (fungicides only) is a combination of three separate individually registered products, which together contain the active ingredients fluxapyroxad, pyraclostrobin and metalaxyl. Acceleron and Design®, Acceleron®, DEKALB and Design®, DEKALB®, Genuity and Design®, Genuity®, JumpStart®, RIB Complete and Design®, RIB Complete®, Roundup Ready 2 Technology and Design®, Roundup Ready 2 Yield®, Roundup Ready®, Roundup Transorb®, Roundup WeatherMAX®, Roundup®, SmartStax and Design®, SmartStax®, Transorb®, VT Double PRO®, and VT Triple PRO® are registered trademarks of Monsanto Technology LLC, Used under license. Vibrance® and Fortenza® are registered trademarks of a Syngenta group company. LibertyLink® and the Water Droplet Design are trademarks of Bayer. Used under license. Herculex® is a registered trademark of Dow AgroSciences LLC. Used under license. Poncho® and Votivo™ are trademarks of Bayer. Used under license. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 16 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 WEATHER VANE “Everyone talks about the weather, but no one does anything about it.” Mark Twain, 1897

A couple of chances for light snow Issued: Monday, January 25, 2016 · Covering: January 27 – February 3, 2016

This forecast period will begin For the first half of next week the vortex centred near Baffin Island and DBaniel ezte with another Alberta clipper system, confidence in the forecast is pretty low. a ridge of mild high pressure over the Weather Vane but this one will race down from The weather models have been con- western U.S. This means we’ll likely northern Alberta. This system will sistent with developing a large storm continue to see our temperatures track rapidly through Manitoba on system over Colorado on Monday and swing between mild and cool as these Wednesday or on Wednesday night, then tracking it east or northeast on two systems struggle for dominance. bringing with it a quick couple of Tuesday and Wednesday. At first the Usual temperature range for this ometimes it just takes a few small centimetres of snow, mostly to cen- models were keeping this storm sys- period: Highs, -22 to -5 C; lows, -33 to changes to totally alter a forecast tral regions. Late on Friday and tem well to the south of us, but the lat- -14 C. S and this is what happened last into Saturday another clipper will est runs have started to edge it north- week. The Alberta clipper came through slide across southern sections of ward. Chances are this system will stay Daniel Bezte is a teacher by profession with a BA a little earlier and quicker than expected, Manitoba, which will bring a chance to our south but we should keep an (Hon.) in geography, specializing in climatology, with only a weak push of arctic high pres- for another couple of centimetres eye on it. from the U of W. He operates a computerized sure sliding in behind it. The best part of snow. Temperatures will remain Looking further ahead, the weather weather station near Birds Hill Park. Contact him is that this allowed our temperatures to mild as warm air is pulled northward models are keeping us between cold with your questions and comments at daniel@ remain milder than anticipated. ahead of these systems. arctic air circulating around an arctic bezte.ca.

Global and regional temperature anomalies Globally, 2015 was the warmest year, at 0.9 C above the 20th-century average Annual temperature anomalies for Winnipeg, 1940 to 2015. BY DANIEL BEZTE “What surprised me a little bit was that on an Co-operator contributor annual basis, while the trend in our data kind of ast issue I finished by say- mimics the global trend, we are not seeing the ing I would hopefully be same magnitude of increase. ” L able to continue our look back at 2015 by exploring some of the top weather stories from our part of the world. Between then and now, both NOAA and 1880, two things jumped out at temperature trends, there is NASA released their 2015 glo- me. The first was that 10 of the very little difference between bal temperature data and I fig- 12 months of 2015 saw record W i n n i p e g , Br a n d o n a n d ured we should spend some global monthly temperatures. Dauphin. The graphs show the Spring temperature anomalies for Winnipeg, 1940 to 2015. time checking out their num- Second was the fact that only temperature anomalies, which bers, along with some of the the North Atlantic and a small is a fancy way of saying the great graphics that they’ve cre- area near the southern tip difference between the actual ated, to show just what is going of South America had below- temperature and the long-term on. After looking at the graph- average temperatures. Looking average. The coloured line is the ics I started thinking about our at the time series graph, you actual data, and the black line long-term temperature anoma- can really see how global tem- is a five-year running mean, lies and decided to plot what’s peratures have shown a steady which helps to show longer been happening in southern increase since the 1980s. term trends in the data. Manitoba since 1940. So this It was this plot that got me What surprised me a little bit article will be a little shorter thinking about how our part of was that on an annual basis, than usual, but with a lot more the world’s temperatures are while the trend in our data kind graphics. I’ll give a little bit of comparing to the global trend. of mimics the global trend, we an explanation on some of the I’ve gone through my num- are not seeing the same mag- Summer temperature anomalies for Winnipeg, 1940 to 2015. graphics, but will leave most of bers a couple of times and I am nitude of increase. This then the interpretation to you, as you pretty sure I haven’t made any made me want to see if there know what they say: a picture is glaring or stupid mistakes with were significant differences worth a thousand words! the data. I used Winnipeg’s data between the seasons. Winter Looking at graphs produced simply because it was the easi- values were interesting, in that by NOAA and NASA that show est data set for me to work with, there have been very large global temperature anoma- and when we look at monthly swings in temperature from lies for 2015 and going back to and yearly temperatures and well-above-average winters to well below average, but since the 1980s there have been a lot more very warm winters. Fall temperatures have shown the greatest increase in average temperatures, with values now typically running from 1.0 to 1.5 Autumn temperature anomalies for Winnipeg, 1940 to 2015. C above average. Summer, on the other hand, has shown very little change, with no obvious trend in the data. Finally, spring showed a rapid increase in tem- peratures during the 1970s and 1980s but since then, the trend has cooled a bit and flattened. Enjoy analyzing the graph- ics. Next issue we’ll look back at January and look ahead to see what the rest of winter and early spring might have in store Annual departures from the 20th-century average, 1880 to 2015. graphics: noaa/nasa for us. Winter temperature anomalies for Winnipeg, 1940 to 2015. The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 17 CROPS h u s b a n d r y — the science, S K I LL O R ART t O F F a r M i n G Salt of the earth Salinity exists in Manitoba, but producers might not be aware of it until it’s too late

crops such as alfalfa or sunflow- BY SHANNON VANRAES ers helps to control water levels Co-operator staff/Brandon and also works to prevent salt from accumulating. witching from forages to soy- “Typically, salinity isn’t seen in beans is one way to see if wet years, it’s driven by the wet S you’ve got saline soil, but it’s years, but it’s not seen when it’s not the method Marla Riekman wet,” she said. “The reason is that recommends. when the water is flowing around The provincial land manage- it is diluted.” ment specialist told producers It’s when that water sticks attending Manitoba Ag Days that around and evaporates that the testing is the only surefire way to real problems begin. Tile drain- learn what kind of salinity you age can help manage some salin- have on your farm, although there ity, but it isn’t a silver bullet, said are provincial maps and surveys Riekman. Tile drainage is only that can help point you in the right effective in the right type of soil direction. and where there is a proper drain- “When I hear people in the age system in which to channel valley say, I’ve never seen salin- excess water. ity before… I think it’s really that Increasing the amount of they’ve never grown so many soy- organic matter in your soil can beans before,” said Riekman. also reduce salinity, as can cutting Marla Riekman Photo: Shannon VanRaes While most forage crops are salt back on tillage. What won’t help tolerant, pulses and soybeans are are applications of any anti-salt not. solutions or scraping fields. Riekman. “Soil salinity isn’t some- can’t do that. But I can work with “Soybeans are tolerant for a very, “What happens if you scrape thing we can fix. I wish I could you to manage it.” very short period of time then the salt off? It will come right back, come out to every one of your that tolerance plummets; corn it’s coming up from below,” said farms and fix all of your salinity. I [email protected] isn’t far behind,” she said, adding that if farmers are thinking about expanding corn or soybean acres, SALINITY RISK IN MANITOBA they should test to see if their land is well suited to those crops before making any big changes. In cases where crusty white salt appears on soil surface, salinity is obvious, said the specialist. But in most cases the signs of salinity are much more subtle. “It might be little patches of foxtail barley along the edges and around potholes,” she said, adding that kochia is another indicator of salinity. CROPS. ON GENTLE However, there is an upside to seeing those weeds in a salty patch of soil because they do suck up water and help control the water table, something Riekman said is key to managing salinity. “When you think about salinity, I want you to be thinking about water,” she said. “Think about where your water table is, because that’s what’s driving salinity. That salt is coming up to the surface from below… that’s the reason we’re seeing a lot of salinity right now, because we’ve seen that water table come to the surface.” As water evaporates, more salty water is brought to the sur- face, wicking more salt to the top Courtesy of Manitoba Agriculture layer of soil. Planting salt-tolerant WEEDS. ON TOUGH

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80 18 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016

Soybean white mould Engaging natural control options limited enemies to fight In contrast to canola, there are only four products registered soybean aphids The economic threshold for spraying is BY ANGELA LOVELL Co-operator contributor much higher if there is a good population of natural enemies hile many Manitoba growers are famil- can cause significant yield loss W iar with the extensive BY ANGELA LOVELL and once the economic thresh- number of fungicides available Co-operator contributor old of 250 aphids/plant is for dealing with white mould reached, growers usually have (sclerotinia) in canola, they may on’t only count the bad about a seven-day window in not realize that there are a lot bugs before deciding which to decide whether or fewer options to treat this dis- D to spray — count the not spraying makes economic ease in soybeans. good ones as well, says Jordan sense for them. Only four foliar fungicides are Bannerman of the depart- If growers count natural registered for control or sup- ment of entomology at the enemies (NE) such as ladybird pression of white mould on University of Manitoba. beetles, predatory bugs and soybeans: Acapela (DuPont), Bannerman is develop- flies, lacewings and parasitoid Priaxor (BASF), Allegro 500F ing a new decision-making wasps at the same time they (Syngenta) and Delaro (Bayer tool that will provide grow- scout their fields and record CropScience). ers a way to predict whether aphid numbers, they can If you choose to spray, good there are enough natural insect use these counts to calculate coverage is important, said enemies present in the crop to a dynamic action threshold Michael Wunsch of North reduce aphid numbers to the (DAT). Dakota State University at the point where spraying becomes “Using the DAT, growers can recent Manitoba Agronomists unnecessary. adjust the economic thresh- Conference in Winnipeg. For “The current economic old for aphids based on how good coverage, timing is critical. threshold for soybean aphid many NE units they have in the Wunsch said available data sug- tends to overrecommend field. For example, if no NE are gests there is most white mould treatment in some cases present the economic thresh- suppression and increased because it is slightly conserva- old will be 250 aphids/plant, yield in soybeans when growers tive based on current scout- but if there is one NE unit per apply these fungicides at the R1 ing methods,” Bannerman plant the economic thresh- growth stage. told the recent Manitoba old will be almost 500 aphids/ “That is when growers are Agronomists Conference in plant because you are factoring getting the coverage they need Winnipeg. “There is good evi- in all the control those NE will for the product to provide activ- dence that natural enemies offer,” Bannerman said. ity against the target disease,” Data suggests there is most white mould suppression and increased yield when are important and can poten- When four soybean growers he said. fungicides are applied at the R1 growth stage. Photo: Craig Grau/University of Wisconsin tially improve decision-mak- in Ontario used the DAT sys- Research in the U.S. and ing and ultimately save grow- tem in a small-scale trial, none Canada has shown that there bu./acre on average, soybeans Wunsch said shorter-matur- ers money.” decided to spray and none of is an average reduction in valued at $8 bu. would have ing soybeans are less suscepti- A severe aphid infestation in the fields reached the injury white mould of 44 to 45 per an economic threshold of 16 ble to white mould than longer- soybeans (when levels reach level threshold of 567 aphids cent with a fungicide applica- per cent to 46 per cent white maturing varieties. around 657 aphids per plant) per plant. tion at the R1 stage, and yield mould levels before a fungi- “We have seen that white loss can vary anywhere from cide application would pay for mould impact drops with 1.3 to 5.5 bu./acre for every itself. If soybeans are $10/bu., maturity, so growers are likely 10 per cent increase in white the threshold is 13 per cent to to lose the most yield for every mould severity. Assuming dis- 38 per cent and at $12/bu., the percentage increase in disease ease control of 45 per cent threshold range is 11 per cent when they have a longer-matu- and yield impacts of 1.6 to 4.6 to 31 per cent. rity soybean,” said Wunsch.

CORN BROOM A study in Manitoba found one adult female of the thirteen-spotted lady CLASSIC beetle ate about 110 English grain aphids in 24 hours. Photo: MAFRD FEB 19th - 21ST 2016 WAWANESA CURLING CLUB Canola exports on pace

Last February, curling history was made with our inaugural ‘Corn Broom BANQUET AND Classic’ bonspiel. Three days of action, some of it intense, much of it for new record hilarious, showed that old-time curling, and old-fashioned hospitality, was Ocean freight rates and a weak loonie back. This bonspiel is open to absolutely everyone, just come prepared to favour Canada’s product have a good time. Dig out that old curling sweater and those plaid pants. PANCAKE Take your best shot, yours might be the next BREAKFAST above the previous record of 9.15 team to have their names added to the INCLUDED BY PHIL FRANZ-WARKENTIN million set in 2014-15. CNS Canada Silver Broom! The Canadian dollar fell to its CONTACT weakest levels in 13 years relative MORE SOUND, ELDON OBACH Canadian canola exports are to its U.S. counterpart over the FOR ENTRIES on pace to set a new record in past week. MORE CURL, 2015-16, according to the latest While the currency has since MORE ACTION! 204-824-2751 Canadian Grain Commission shown some improvement, it is data. still relatively weak overall, which Favourable ocean freight rates makes exports more attractive to 3 EVENTS we supply the broom, and the weaker Canadian dollar international buyers pricing in are keeping offshore movement U.S. dollars. $ running very strong. Canadian exporters are also 240 ENTRY you supply the attitude! Canada has exported 4.543 seeing some benefit from the million tonnes of canola as of downturn in ocean freight rates. Jan. 17, up from the 3.766 million The Baltic Dry Index has fallen exported during the same period to its lowest levels ever, which the previous year, according to helps improve the competitive- CGC weekly data. ness of Canadian commodities If that pace is maintained, into many markets as freight total exports would top 9.8 mil- becomes a smaller factor in the lion tonnes for the crop year, well price. The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 19 Heading off Group 2-resistant weeds It’s complicated, but picking the right rotation of crops and chemicals is key to avoiding multiple resistance

bicide rotation for controlling Group 2 Group 2-resistant weeds BY ANGELA LOVELL resistance. Co-operator contributor “All of these (Group 2) herbicides are in Manitoba using ALS chemistry, and certainly wild Kochia (also resistant to Group 9) any common crop rotations oats and green foxtail are not being con- in Manitoba are selecting for trolled,” said Stachler. Green foxtail (also resistant to Groups 1 and 3) M Group 2 herbicide resistance, A more common rotation is can- Wild oats (also resistant to Groups 1 and 8) as well as pushing resistance to other ola and wheat, but if growers use a Cleavers herbicide groups, says a U.S. weed Clearfield canola with Odyssey Ultra specialist. (Group 2) and wheat using something Common chickweed Jeff Stachler of Ohio State University’s like Harmony SG (combining a Group Hemp-nettle Auglaize County Extension Office told 1 and 2 product) they are still pushing Powell amaranth the recent Manitoba Agronomists hard for resistance. Conference that a good rotation, not “A better solution would be to rotate Wild mustard just of crops, but also of herbicides with different canola varieties in addition to Redroot pigweed different modes of action, is the first the Clearfield with Liberty (Group 10) Pale smartweed defence against herbicide resistance. and Roundup (Group 9) which will be Spiny animal sow-thistle The list of weeds resistant to Group more positive for the rotation,” Stachler Across the Prairies, kochia is resistant to 2 herbicides is growing across Western said. “The Harmony SG isn’t going to Group 2 and Group 9 (glyphosate) herbicides, and Stinkweed Canada and there are now at least 12 get all your broadleaf weeds either, so in North Dakota and Montana it’s also resistant to Source: Manitoba 2015 Crop Protection Guide and International weed species in Manitoba resistant to throwing in some Group 4 herbicide will Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds Groups 4 and 5. file photo Group 2 herbicides. (See sidebar for give more broad-spectrum control.” list.) Of those Group 2-resistant weeds A better rotation from a Group in Manitoba, kochia, wild oats and green 2-resistance standpoint is wheat using a is going to give a problem with resistant or site of action in that mix to have equal foxtail have multiple resistance to at Group 4 product such as Prestige, then kochia,” Stachler said. control on the different weed species least two other herbicide groups. Liberty Link canola (Group 10), followed “Corn and soybeans followed with you have in your field,” Stachler said. “Once you have resistance to more by wheat with another Group 4 such as wheat using something like Harmony K “But many of our premixes do not have than one site of action, life becomes a Pixxaro, and finally something such as (which contains Group 1, 2 and 4 prod- overlapping weed control. They create a whole lot more difficult,” Stachler said. Solo (Group 2) on Clearfield Sunflowers. ucts) will give different modes of action. specific ratio of ingredients and some- “In wild oats, for example, there is one “But you are then pushing for Group But what we’re seeing in North Dakota times those ratios might be switched so biotype that is resistant to three different 4 resistance in some of the broad- is that some of the pre-harvest glypho- one product is a little less than what you sites of action — Groups 1, 2 and 8.” leaf weeds,” said Stachler. “Although sate applications are helping to select might need based on some of the weed Across the Prairies, kochia is resist- throwing Liberty into that system is for kochia that also survives Group 4 species that are in the population.” ant to Group 2 and Group 9 (glypho- reducing that problem and then you herbicides used in wheat, so it’s pushing sate) herbicides, and in North Dakota are only using ALS chemistry with the multiple resistance.” Get rid of survivors and Montana it’s also resistant to Groups sunflower.” Stachler said growers must be vigilant 4 and 5. Premix concerns and control any weeds that survive a Resistant kochia in soybeans Premixes that contain multiple chem- herbicide that’s supposed to kill them. Mixing modes of action Soybeans are now the third-largest crop istries are an option that farmers like “We still see situations where producers Stachler said that as an example, a in Manitoba, but herbicide options because of their convenience, but who have just a few weeds in the field rotation of wheat using a product like are limited, with most containing Stachler warned that each different don’t do anything to control them,” he Simplicity, followed by a dry bean using glyphosate. product needs to provide proper control said. “It’s the survivors that are going something like Solo, and then Express “Continuous soybeans or a soybean for all targeted weeds. to cause the problem and so producers Sunflower using Express Pro is a good and corn rotation using only glyphosate “A premix that is going to be most need to react quickly to a changing weed crop rotation, but an ineffective her- herbicides, and no soil-applied products effective needs to have each herbicide population.”

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Manitoba may put in more peas, lentils “Seed dealers are getting three to five calls a day, but Higher prices are expected to attract more acres, especially farther west they have nothing to sell.” acres in Manitoba, high prices for peas Climbing prices and good yields for BY PHIL FRANZ-WARKENTIN and lentils are causing farmers in the those few Manitoba producers who CNS Canada province to look into trying something grew peas in 2015 were behind the Francois Labelle different. extra interest — though Labelle noted Manitoba Pulse and Soybean Growers anitoba farmers will be doing “We won’t see the acres we had in the challenge is finding seed. their part to live up to the the ’70s and ’80s, but we’ll definitely “Seed dealers are getting three to five M United Nations’ Year of the see more peas this year,” said Francois calls a day, but they have nothing to be on the rise, Labelle didn’t expect Pulse, with more peas and even lentils Labelle, executive director of Manitoba sell,” he said. those increases to cut into soybeans or possibly going in the ground in the Pulse and Soybean Growers. Manitoba farmers growing peas edible bean plantings. province. While the western part of the prov- will concentrate on yellow varieties, “In a lot of areas, it’s not that these Pulse acres in Manitoba have con- ince may be the most likely area for as green peas have had trouble with crops compete — it’s that they comple- sisted primarily of soybeans and edible expanded pea acres, Labelle said the bleaching in the past. ment each other,” said Labelle. beans in recent years, with soybean prime edible bean areas of the Red Lentils are even less common than Early expectations are that edible acreage expanding into neighbour- River Valley should also see more peas peas in Manitoba, with only about bean acres in Manitoba will be close to ing Saskatchewan where peas and this year. 1,000 acres seeded in 2015. Labelle last year, according to Labelle. lentils typically dominate the pulse Manitoba farmers planted 70,000 said that number could rise as well, There are also still opportunities to discussion. acres of peas in 2015-16, along with depending on whether or not it’s a dry increase soybean acres in the prov- While soybeans and edible beans nearly 1.4 million acres of soybeans year. ince’s west, which is not a prime edible will still account for most of the pulse and 90,000 acres of edible beans. While pea and lentil plantings may bean-growing area, he said. B:17.4” T:17.4” S:17.4” B:11.428” S:11.428”

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cropscience.bayer.ca/Infinity 1 888-283-6847 @Bayer4CropsCA Always read and follow label directions. Infinity® is a registered trademark of Bayer Global. Bayer CropScience Inc. is a member of CropLife Canada. C-52-01/16-10493542-E

BCS10493542_Infinity_105.indd None Infinity - Insert Jan 28, 2016 Lynn.Skinner 17.4” x 11.428” Alex.VanDerBreggen 1 17.4” x 11.428” Noel.Blix NEWSPAPER None None 100% None 1 Monica.VanEngelen Production:Studio:Bayer:10...:BCS10493542_Infinity_105.indd Bayer Crop Science 10493542 Helvetica Neue LT Std, Gotham Manitoba Cooperator 1-20-2016 10:07 AM -- 1-20-2016 10:07 AM -- Mia.Yung -- Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black -- -- The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 21 Hurdles still ahead for food-approved canary seed Both Health Canada and the U.S. FDA now allow canary seed for human food use

seed, has received novel food way,” CDCS executive director BY JADE MARKUS approval from Health Canada Kevin Hursh said. “We’re hoping “Certainly with the announcement of the CNS Canada and GRAS (generally recognized that it’ll gradually ramp up and as safe) status from the U.S. become significant.” approval we’ve had requests from different anary seed has been Food and Drug Administration, Small quantities of canary companies.” ruled fit for human con- the Canaryseed Development seed have been dehulled for C sumption by Health Commission of Saskatchewan testing purposes, he said, but Canada — a victory for an said Jan. 11. the industry doesn’t yet have Kevin Hursh industry working toward that However, producers shouldn’t the capacity to dehull on a com- Canaryseed Development Commission of Saskatchewan goal for years — but it’s just one yet look at the food approval as mercial scale. step of many to get canary seed a short-term market signal. “We’re not sure whether the onto plates. “It’s going to take some time dehulling used for things like There also need to be more future date,” Dr. Carol Ann B:17.4” Canary seed, until now used to get canary seed in the human dehulling barley will work or cleaning plants able to segre- Patterson, the food scientist T:17.4” almost exclusively as bird- food market in a significant not yet.” gate “itchy” seeds from the hair- who piloted the compositional, S:17.4” less (glabrous) type. nutritional and toxicological A n o t h e r s t e p i s t o work needed for canary seed garner interest from food food approval, said in the CDCS manufacturers and ingredient release. suppliers. How quickly canary Canary seed’s approval still seed becomes readily available makes it the first novel cereal in stores depends on food crop to be approved in Canada, processors — and how quickly she noted. the product is adopted will With respect to consumer depend on end-use consumers. and processor response, “we’re Canary seed flour can be used in uncharted territory here,” to make bread, cookies, cere- Hursh said. “We’re hoping that als and pastas, the commission there becomes commercial said. Whole seeds can be used interest, and we’re talking with in nutrition bars, or in place of a number of players. Certainly sesame seeds on hamburger with the announcement of the buns. approval we’ve had requests from different companies.” Allergenic risk However, the CDCS doesn’t The seed, while in the same get involved in commercial ven- subfamily as wheat, rye, barley tures, Hursh said; its position is and oats, can also be marketed to lay the groundwork for oth- as gluten free, which could be a ers to become involved in those boon for consumers with celiac roles. disease. Another area of ongoing But it’s still uncertain whether CDCS activity involves the canary seed poses an allergenic approval of crop protection risk for wheat-allergic individu- products, the commission said als. A protein found in canary in a release, as the herbicides seed is similar to another type and other crop protection of protein found in wheat — products registered for use on though it’s not similar to wheat canary seed for birdseed don’t gluten. immediately have their registra- Thus, until the seed is proven tions extended to canary seed safe for people with wheat aller- for food use. gies, Health Canada’s approval “You can lead a horse to will require canary seed, and water, but you can’t make him foods containing it as an ingre- drink, so how long all of this dient, to have a label statement takes depends on some of those B:11.428” S:11.428” LIGHT ’EM UP suchT:11.428” as “May not be suitable for players.” people with wheat allergy.” Delivered canary seed is cur- Resistant or not, powerful Infinity® herbicide provides “We hope that further work rently trading at 24 to 28 cents you with the ability to take out the toughest broadleaf will lead to the removal of this per pound, according to Prairie labelling requirement at some Ag Hotwire on Jan. 18. weeds in your cereals. With its unique Group 27 mode of action, Infinity helps ensure the profitability of your farm today and for years to come. news

Managing herbicide resistance is everyone’s fight. The company also said its PotashCorp mine port storage and loading facili- Spray Responsibly. closure may halt ties at Saint John, N.B., with capacity of handling 2.5 million Canpotex’s B.C. tonnes annually, could now be port plan used by Canpotex. Canpotex exports potash that PotashCorp, Mosaic BY ROD NICKEL and Agrium produce in Reuters Saskatchewan. The decision allows PotashCorp’s decision to sus- Canpotex to “indefinitely pend production at its last New defer” a decision on the Brunswick mine may lead it $900-million Prince Rupert ter- to shelve plans to build a new minal, PotashCorp’s Tilk said at West Coast shipping terminal a CIBC investor conference in with partners Mosaic Co. and Whistler, B.C. Agrium, CEO Jochen Tilk said “We certainly don’t antici- on Jan. 21. pate making that decision in Canpotex Ltd., owned by the next 10 years, so we’re very the three companies, has been good with our port facilities on considering construction of the West Coast and on the East the terminal at Prince Rupert, Coast,” he said. B.C. PotashCorp spokeswoman cropscience.bayer.ca/Infinity 1 888-283-6847 @Bayer4CropsCA Saskatoon-based Denita Stann said after Tilk’s Always read and follow label directions. Infinity® is a registered trademark of Bayer Global. PotashCorp said Jan. 20 it will comments that he was speak- Bayer CropScience Inc. is a member of CropLife Canada. C-52-01/16-10493542-E shut its newest mine, Picadilly, ing about options available to near Sussex, N.B., due to weak Canpotex and that it had not market conditions. concluded any decision.

BCS10493542_Infinity_105.indd None Infinity - Insert Jan 28, 2016 Lynn.Skinner 17.4” x 11.428” Alex.VanDerBreggen 1 17.4” x 11.428” Noel.Blix NEWSPAPER None None 100% None 1 Monica.VanEngelen Production:Studio:Bayer:10...:BCS10493542_Infinity_105.indd Bayer Crop Science 10493542 Helvetica Neue LT Std, Gotham Manitoba Cooperator 1-20-2016 10:07 AM -- 1-20-2016 10:07 AM -- Mia.Yung -- Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black -- -- 22 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 Egypt Cold weather refugees moves to clarify ergot rules on wheat imports Traders say confusion reigns as two ministries collide

BY MAHA EL DAHAN AND ERIC KNECHT Reuters

gypt’s Supply Ministry moved to clarify rules on E wheat imports on Jan. 14, saying it would allow shipments with traces of the grain fungus ergot to enter the country. Wheat traders have been con- Deer become more visible in farmyards where there might be food and shelter from the wind when the cold weather hits. photo: Gracie Crayston cerned that uncertainty over pay- ment and inspection terms in Egypt, the world’s biggest wheat importer, would dampen export demand. The problem surfaced when a cargo of French wheat was rejected last month due to traces of the infection. The Supply Ministry said Jan. 14 it would allow shipments of imported wheat with up to 0.05 per cent level of ergot, although this was not enough to quell con- cern amongst suppliers previ- ously told any level of infection was not acceptable. “It has been decided to keep the percentage as is, without change, after discussions with the Agriculture Ministry,” the Supply Ministry’s spokesman said. The agriculture quarantine authority had previously told Reuters that wheat shipments containing any level of ergot would be barred from entry. There have since been a series of meetings between officials from both ministries to try to resolve the matter. Wheat traders said they were waiting to hear the Agriculture Ministry’s response to be sure the problem had been resolved. The quarantine author- ity declined to comment on the Supply Ministry’s statement on Jan. 14 and Agriculture Ministry officials could not immediately be reached. We See the Potential “Obviously there is a clash between the two ministries so let’s We’re proud to officially launch G3 Canada Limited. wait and see,” one Cairo-based Our vision is to build a smarter path from farmers’ fields to global markets. trader said. The General Authority for We see the potential for better ways of These facilities join our growing network Supply Commodities (GASC), doing things. This includes the way we of strategic assets, and there are more which falls under the authority of the Supply Ministry, allowed for a build and operate our new elevators. exciting things to come. 0.05 per cent ergot level under its We’ve now opened two new high-efficiency At G3, we also see the potential in building specifications, but the agricultural elevators to help you quickly unload strong relationships with farmers like you. quarantine authority had said according to its rules all incoming your grain and get on with your day. Because a smarter path from field to market shipments above zero would be benefits all of us. G3 Bloom, west of Portage La Prairie, MB barred. G3 Colonsay, east of Saskatoon, SK Be part of the future of the Canadian “We want to wait and hear from the Agriculture Ministry as that agriculture industry. Together, we have was what was causing the change We also have two more set to begin taking a bright future. deliveries in early 2016. The offices are open in the first place,” another trader and signing up contracts now. told Reuters. Forward, we grow. European and Egyptian trad- G3 Glenlea, south of Winnipeg, MB ers have told Reuters they would G3 Pasqua, east of Moose Jaw, SK not participate in GASC tenders if new restrictive requirements were applied to GASC tenders. “If they let the vessel that was rejected pass, this will be like the Visit www.g3.ca to connect with a person official announcement of accept- at one of our facilities today. ing the 0.05 level,” a third trader said. Traders said the rejected ship- ment was currently being retested for ergot at an Egyptian port. The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 23 Health Canada to scrap ‘conditional’ pesticide approvals The process, which delays public consultations, is now only rarely used anyway

“It’s important to note that There will be “no impact on the STAFF “Moving away from conditional registrations conditional registrations are not process by which applicants apply a matter of health and safety,” he for and obtain a full registration,” ederal crop chemical regu- will provide reassurance that all pesticide said, as conditionally registered Health Canada said. lators this summer will stop registration decisions are made with the same products pass “thorough” health The decision follows a statu- F granting “conditional” reg- high level of scientific and public scrutiny.” and safety assessments. tory review, tabled last April, of istrations for new pesticides — Conditional registrations, he the federal Pest Control Products a practice already largely on the said, have “long been misun- Act, which recommended PMRA way out, they note. Health Canada derstood” and the group hopes “review the use of conditions of Health Canada, which oversees Health Canada “will continue to registration to ensure that they are the federal Pest Management deliver on its commitment to a being used in a manner that pro- Regulatory Agency (PMRA), said predictable, science-based regu- tects the health of Canadians and Jan. 19 it plans to stop granting Conditional registrations, reassurance that all pesticide latory system.” their environment.” new conditional registrations unlike full registrations, don’t registration decisions are made In the government’s response effective June 1, describing the undergo public consultations with the same high level of sci- ‘No impact’ to the review later that year, then- move as an “important step in until either amended, renewed entific and public scrutiny,” A notice of intent on conditional health minister Rona Ambrose improving the openness and or converted to a full registration, Health Canada said Jan. 19. registrations has been posted on said PMRA was already review- transparency of Canada’s pesti- after that “additional information” Pierre Petelle, vice-presi- Health Canada’s website for pub- ing the use of conditional registra- cide regulatory system.” goes through PMRA review. dent of chemistry for CropLife lic comment until March 19. tions to either “reduce or elimi- Conditional registrations Additional information, for Canada, the trade associa- The change in approach nate” them and to clarify require- have previously been granted example, could include environ- tion for Canada’s pesticide is expected to have “mini- ments for approvals. “on occasion,” Health Canada mental monitoring data to con- and plant biotech sectors, mal” effect, the agency said. Since 2006, she wrote, the said, when a scientific review of firm whether assumptions made said Jan. 20 the group hopes Conditional registrations have number of conditional registra- a new product finds its risks are at the time of registration were Health Canada’s move “will “decreased substantially” to the tions dropped “significantly,” acceptable but also that “addi- correct. help increase the public’s con- point where they represent about from 13 per cent of decisions in tional confirmatory information” “Moving away from condi- fidence in Canada’s world-class one per cent of all registered 2006-07, down to two per cent in is needed. tional registrations will provide regulatory system.” products. 2013-14.

briefs U.S. forecaster sees El Niño weakening

REUTERS / The El Niño phenomenon cur- rently affecting weather is expected to weaken during the Northern Hemisphere spring and transition to normal conditions by late spring or early summer, a U.S. government weather fore- caster said Jan. 14. A WHOLE SEASON The Climate Prediction Center (CPC), an agency of the National Weather OF WORK IS RIDING Service, was in line in its monthly forecast with a ON THIS MOMENT. growing consensus that the much-watched phe- nomenon, which can roil commodities markets, will NO PRESSURE. dissipate in the coming months. Most models indicate the El Niño will weaken and shift to neutral, though it is difficult to predict the exact timing, the CPC said. Its forecast was broadly in line with similar ones in recent days that have said El Niño has reached its height and looks to be weakening. El Niño is a warming of ocean surface tempera- tures in the eastern and central Pacific that occurs every few years, trigger- ing heavy rains and floods in South America and scorching weather in Asia and as far away as east Africa. A lot of hard work, time and money go into growing cereals. So this In Western and Central is no time to take chances. Protect your investment with Caramba® Canada, an El Niño event is most often associated fungicide. It defends against profit-robbing leaf diseases and fusarium with above-normal tem- head blight (FHB) to help optimize grade and quality. So it should peratures and drier condi- come as no surprise that Caramba is ranked the most preferred FHB tions during winter. fungicide by growers.1 Ensure your grain measures up when it counts by visiting agsolutions.ca/caramba or call AgSolutions® Customer Care at 1-877-371-BASF (2273).

1Source: Stratus, 2013 Always read and follow label directions. AgSolutions is a registered trade-mark of BASF Corporation; CARAMBA is a registered trade-mark of BASF Agro B.V.; all used with permission by BASF Canada Inc. CARAMBA fungicide should be used in a preventative disease control program. © 2016 BASF Canada Inc.

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STUDIO AD#: kenna_JrP4C_MC_110201988_Caramba Bleed: NA PMS PMS COPYWRITERACCT MGR SPELLCHECK PROD MGR PROOF # 24 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 CP’s Norfolk bid riles U.S. railroads The U.S. carriers’ response sheds light on chances for further consolidation Asked whether Union Pacific “CSX would be at an enor- BY NICK CAREY “If Canadian Pacific’s bid for Norfolk Southern would participate in consolida- mous disadvantage and so Chicago/Reuters tion of North America’s seven there would be another step goes ahead, then CSX will be the next domino to remaining major railroads, he towards consolidation,” he said. legal protest by Canadian fall.” said, “we will act in the best BNSF, Union Pacific and Pacific Railway (CP) over interests of our shareholders.” Canadian National Railway a meeting among big Matt Rose, chairman of No. (CN) would be seen as potential A Scott Rostan U.S. railroads about mergers in market analyst 2 U.S. railroad BNSF, owned suitors for CSX. their industry has highlighted by Berkshire Hathaway, said A question is how the U.S. manoeuvring in the sector to now is not the time for merg- rail regulator would approach cope with a rapid downturn and egy, shed light on chances for 19 Moody’s Investors Service ers because “our customers do any proposed merger, as it must possible consolidation. further consolidation, with eyes warned of “increasing risks not want” them. But he added take into account other poten- Calgary-based CP on Jan. on No. 3 U.S. railroad CSX Corp. of an industrial recession” for mergers would not necessarily tial deals. 19 asked the U.S. Justice as a future target. North American manufacturers. be a bad thing. Some analysts see CSX’s Department to look into state- “If Canadian Pacific’s bid for CP, like the broader Canadian “There’s nothing evil at all announcement Jan. 18, that ments by U.S. railroads, in the Norfolk Southern goes ahead, economy, is fairly reliant on in having a transcontinental it is consolidating some oper- wake of the meeting, about then CSX will be the next dom- commodity exports. railroad,” Rose said on Jan. 21. ating divisions and closing “working closely with each ino to fall,” said Scott Rostan, Some analysts see its Norfolk “You’ve got lots of national net- administrative offices, as a other to block” its bid for U.S. who worked on the Merrill offer as an opportunistic bid for works in lots of industries.” proactive step toward remain- railway Norfolk Southern. Lynch team advising Norfolk a growth story while rail stocks Rose said if a CP/Norfolk deal ing competitive. CSX did The U.S. railroads met late Southern during its battle with are down. looks likely, BNSF will partici- not respond to a request for last year in the presence of law- CSX in the 1990s for control of The No. 4 U.S. railroad has pate in further consolidation. comment. yers, saying they merely dis- Conrail, which was ultimately rejected CP’s advances, setting Rose stressed if Norfolk goes Independent rail analyst cussed a merger’s impact on the carved up between them. the stage for a potential proxy under the hammer CSX would Anthony Hatch said CSX faces industry. Interviews with U.S. CP in mid-November dis- battle. be at a competitive disadvan- a dilemma if CP gets its way. railroad executives show some closed its US$28-billion offer to Union Pacific CEO Lance Fritz tage if the US$1.8 billion in CSX might be able to stand oppose mergers; others tout buy Norfolk Southern. recently told Reuters consolida- annual cost savings CP prom- alone, but would lose value if it possible benefits. The bid coincides with a tion would harm the industry ises from a deal were borne struggled. The latest flap, in which CP “freight recession” as falling and the No. 1 U.S. railroad has out. This would lead to a “final “I don’t think it could afford accused U.S. railroads of adopt- commodity prices hurt North been lobbying lawmakers and redrawing” of the continent’s to take that bet-the-company ing an “anticompetitive” strat- America’s railroads. On Jan. regulators against mergers. rail map. risk,” Hatch said.

briefs Feed barley market holding steady

BY PHIL FRANZ-WARKENTIN CNS Canada

The feed barley market is holding relatively steady in Alberta early in the new year, but advances are expected WHY DO SOME looking ahead to the spring. “There has been a fair bit of selling (over the past few weeks) but that hasn’t really CALL IT THE BEST pressured prices down any further,” said Jared Seitz of grain brokerage Agfinity at Stony Plain, Alta. The steady tone in the face of increased sales was a sup- portive price signal, which was being borne out in the PERFORMING improving prices for spring delivery, he said, adding he expects to see prices start to increase for March/April/ May delivery. Freight rates are more GROUP 2 competitive this year, which is making for better pric- ing across a larger region of Alberta, he added. HERBICIDE? Many larger feedlots in southern Alberta had been using 100 per cent feed wheat rations, but many are now switching to barley or making plans to do so. “That will help with barley ™ demand over the next few THREE WORDS: FLUSH AFTER FLUSH months,” Seitz said. However, that doesn’t No other Group 2 herbicide offers the kind of relentless, Flush after flush™ control necessarily mean that feed wheat prices are going you’ll get with EVEREST® 2.0. It doesn’t just get the hard-to-kill weeds you see — down. Seitz said there was like wild oats, green foxtail and other resistant biotypes — it gets the weeds you still consistent demand for know are coming. Young wheat gets an important head start. And you get higher feed wheat from domestic feeders, while a good export yields. Ask your retailer about EVEREST 2.0. A herbicide you can count on. program for Canada Prairie Spring (CPS) wheat was also underpinning the feed side as well. The weak Canadian dollar is keeping U.S. corn and DDGS from moving into the country, which is sup- portive for barley and feed wheat demand. However, even if the cur- Always read and follow label directions. EVEREST and the EVEREST 2.0 logo are registered trademarks of Arysta LifeScience North rency was on par, Seitz didn’t America, LLC. The “Flush after flush” slogan is a trademark of Arysta LifeScience North America, LLC. Arysta LifeScience and the Arysta think there would be much LifeScience logo are registered trademarks of Arysta LifeScience Corporation. ©2016 Arysta LifeScience North America, LLC. ESTC-303 arysta-na.com corn coming up, due to ample domestic supplies. The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 25 India’s Modi woos farm vote with new insurance scheme Recent droughts have damaged the governing party at the polls

New Delhi/Reuters “It is a historic day, ndia’s cabinet has cleared I believe the prime the launch of the country’s minister’s crop I first major crop damage insurance scheme, insurance scheme from the next fiscal year, a move that inspired by the well- would further strain govern- being of farmers, will ment finances but help Prime bring about a huge Minister Narendra Modi to change in the lives of woo rural voters ahead of key elections. farmers.” Stung by criticism of ignor- ing the concerns of rural India Prime Minister where over two-thirds of the Narendra Modi country’s 1.25 billion people live, the government on Jan. 13 fielded as many as three cabinet ministers to underline rural voters after the impact the importance of the scheme of unseasonal rains and two whose budget will more than straight years of drought on double in three years. agriculture dented his popu- Farmers attend a rally organized by India’s opposition Congress party in New Delhi on Sept. 20. photo: reuters/adnan abidi Modi is trying to placate larity and contributed to a humiliating loss for the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party in elec- tions late last year in the largely rural state of Bihar. Further elections are due in the states of West Bengal, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Assam this year. “It is a historic day,” Modi tweeted after the scheme was announced by the ministers of agriculture, home and parlia- mentary affairs. “I believe the prime minister’s crop insur- ance scheme, inspired by the well-being of farmers, will WHY DO SOME bring about a huge change in the lives of farmers.” Several debt-laden farm- ers committed suicide last CALL IT THE BEST year, and Agriculture Minister Radha Mohan Singh has said that delays in clearing payouts for crop losses were the “big- gest reason for destroying farm families.” The government would now ensure faster settlements by PERFORMING increasing the use of technol- ogy, including smartphones to capture crop data. It would also reduce premiums to be paid by farmers to two per cent for summer-sown crops and 1.5 GROUP 2 per cent for winter crops. The current premium share for farmers can go as high as 40 per cent, which is one of the HERBICIDE? main reasons that only about a 10th of India’s estimated 263 million cultivators opt for crop insurance. New Delhi will more than double the budget for the crop insurance scheme to 77.50 bil- ™ lion rupees (C$1.66 billion) in THREE WORDS: FLUSH AFTER FLUSH the fiscal year beginning April 2018. No other Group 2 herbicide offers the kind of relentless, Flush after flush™ control you’ll get with EVEREST® 2.0. It doesn’t just get the hard-to-kill weeds you see — like wild oats, green foxtail and other resistant biotypes — it gets the weeds you FARMING know are coming. Young wheat gets an important head start. And you get higher IS ENOUGH OF yields. Ask your retailer about EVEREST 2.0. A herbicide you can count on. A GAMBLE...

Advertise in the Manitoba Co-operator Classifieds, Always read and follow label directions. EVEREST and the EVEREST 2.0 logo are registered trademarks of Arysta LifeScience North America, LLC. The “Flush after flush” slogan is a trademark of Arysta LifeScience North America, LLC. Arysta LifeScience and the Arysta it’s a Sure Thing! LifeScience logo are registered trademarks of Arysta LifeScience Corporation. ©2016 Arysta LifeScience North America, LLC. ESTC-303 arysta-na.com

1-800-782-0794 26 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 Once wedded to EU, some British farmers think of cutting ties Critics of the EU subsidy system complain of ‘Kafkaesque’ red tape

fence anymore, and the hoops BY NIGEL HUNT we have to jump through to get London/Reuters our European Union subsidies just pile up year after year. And fter decades of generous most of us went into this job to subsidies from Brussels, get away from paperwork.” A some British farmers are Flindt, who has an arable starting to think the unthink- farm in Hampshire along with able — that they might be bet- a few sheep and cattle, said he ter off outside the European couldn’t believe a British-based Union. system, outside the EU, would Farmers were strong sup- be “as Kafkaesque as it is at the porters of EU membership moment.” when Britons last voted on it in 1975, and for years they flour- Influential lobby ished as funds flowed into the While full-time farmers are rel- sector to encourage ever-rising atively few in number — only production. 140,000 in 2014, according to The three billion pounds government figures — they (C$6.2 billion) a year that they wield considerable influence receive in support payments in rural communities which, from the EU makes up about come election time, vote over- 55 per cent of total income whelmingly for Cameron’s gov- from farming, according to erning Conservatives. government figures. Not all are swayed by the But now, with Prime Minister argument that leaving the EU David Cameron preparing to would make life easier. Some Dairy farm worker Callum Casey brings cows for milking at Beacon Farm near Birmingham, on Aug. 11. photo: reuters/darren staples call an “in or out” referendum worry that subsidies could be on Britain’s EU membership cut and they might lose access possibly as early as June, some to important European mar- want to understand more “There are a lot of people fallow under rules designed farmers feel the benefits of kets if Britain breaks with about the implications of a who are prepared to sit on a to provide environmental belonging to the Brussels club Brussels and its Common possible Brexit and also hear tractor. But when it comes to benefits. are far less compelling than a Agricultural Policy (CAP). how the EU can work better for shearing a sheep, attaching “Peas and beans have always generation ago. France was the largest ben- farmers.” things to dairy cows, things like been the Cinderella crops of They wonder if a “Brexit” eficiary of EU farm payments Matt Naylor, who grows flow- that, it is harder to get (local) British arable farming. Nobody vote might free them to inno- in 2014 with 8.5 billion euros ers such as daffodils to sell to people,” he said from his really likes them. Beans are not vate in areas like genetically (C$13.3 billion), with Britain supermarkets in Britain and farm in Lincolnshire, eastern really profitable and peas really modified crops, and rid them in sixth place after Spain, mainland Europe, said he England. mess the combine up,” Agnew of oppressive regulation. Germany, Italy and Poland. would vote in favour of stay- said. “We are being hammered as “In the past, all the main ing in the EU because he relies ‘Museum of world farming’ a source of employment for political parties have said they heavily on foreign labour. The in-or-out debate featured Market access inspectors,” said Charlie Flindt, want to phase out subsidies by Naylor said workers from prominently at the recent The outlook for U.K. farming a farmer from Hampshire in 2020. I think it is more likely if countries such as Poland, Oxford Farming Conference, outside the EU could hinge the south of England. Even a system of subsidy is going to Lithuania or Latvia had often where a former govern- on what access is granted to simple jobs, like putting up a be maintained, it will be less grown up on farms and had a ment minister argued that key export markets and the fence to protect walkers who than we get now with the CAP,” different work ethic and set of the EU was shackling British extent to which Britain is pre- had complained of being said U.K. National Farmers expectations from their British innovation. pared to maintain support mobbed by his cattle, involved Union economist Lucia Zitti. counterparts, who were often “British agriculture, brim- payments. painful bureaucracy, he added. She told Reuters the union’s three or four generations ming with potential, is held Britain’s exports of wheat, “You can’t simply put in a members are “quite split. They removed from the land. back by prejudice against for example, are dominated by advanced technology and sci- EU destinations, with Spain ence,” said former farming and and the Netherlands the most environment minister Owen important customers in recent Paterson. years. PRESS RELEASE “The obstinate refusal to “Trade is the key issue adopt advanced technology and no one can say what the means Europe has become the arrangements would be follow- museum of world farming.” ing a Brexit,” said Sean Rickard, The EU’s reluctance to a former chief economist with St-Cesaire, January 7th 2016 For immediate diffusion embrace genetically modified the U.K. NFU. Prograin Establishes Its Brand in Western Canada with Quarry Seed crops has added to the frustra- “The ‘Outs’ claim the U.K. tion of some farmers. Britain’s will be able to negotiate a pref- Québec, Canada – Semences Prograin is proud to announce that it has just signed an agreement with Quarry Seed for government has been more erential trade agreement. But the exclusive distribution of Prograin varieties in Western Canada. Seed varieties developed to meet the specifi c needs supportive of GMO crops than they provide no details, and of the Western Canadian market will be introduced through this new partnership. many other EU nations in any negotiated agreement can- Quarry Seed possesses a vast network of independent retailers who serve an exclusive territory, which gives it a recent years. not give the U.K. the same ben- considerable advantage in terms of competitive differentiation, while Prograin has a solid R&D, Sales and Marketing Critics argue that the EU sti- efits as being a member of the team, who will work closely with Quarry Seed to provide optimal support and guidance for the development of the Prograin brand. fles innovation through what EU. To do so would undermine they see as an overly cautious the EU.” “We are extremely pleased and proud of this new distribution agreement with Quarry Seed. This is a highly strategic and lengthy approval pro- Rickard, now an independent step, enabling us to pursue expansion of the Prograin brand throughout Canada” declared Prograin President and CEO Alain Létourneau. cess for new crop protection economist, said it was likely chemicals. that substantial tariff barri- “Quarry Seed is incredibly excited to work with the most innovative soybean breeding company in Canada. And while the EU’s farm We know that some of the best soybean genetics in Western Canada will be available from Pro Grain and we are proud ers would spring up, prompt- to be able to offer them to growers” said President Ron Gendzelevich. budget is declining after ing food companies to con- reforms to the CAP, pressure sider shifting their operations “We have worked hard these past few years to develop seed varieties that will meet the needs of the Western Canadian market” commented Alexandre Beaudoin, Sales and Marketing Manager (Seeds) Canada at Prograin. from environmental groups to Ireland or other parts of the has led to increased regulation EU. About Quarry Seed on issues such as pesticides Economists said Britain Founded in 2002, Quarry Seed has quickly become a major player in the distribution of soybean and corn seed in and waste disposal. would still have to comply with Western Canada. Its promise to growers has and always will be to properly place product that is best suited to their Farmers have also been EU standards if it wanted to needs in order to maximize fi eld performance. asked to grow a wider vari- export to the bloc, but would Quarry Seed ety of crops in order to con- no longer have a voice in shap- Box 1840, 459 1st Street West, Stonewall, Manitoba, Canada, R0C 2Z0 tinue to receive yearly support ing the rules. quarryseed.com payments. “If you are going to leave “The money has become because you want to make About Prograin far more difficult to access your own rules on pesticides, Prograin is the largest private added-value soybean company in Canada. Its exceptional expertise and advanced and regulation has drastically or have nutrition traffic lights technologies have made Prograin a world standard in the development, packaging, processing and marketing of increased,” said Stuart Agnew, on your food labels and so on, superior quality soybeans. a farmer from Norfolk in east- that is going to increase costs Prograin® ern England and the agricul- for those of your industries that 145, rang du Bas-de-la-Rivière Nord, Saint-Césaire, Québec, Canada J0L 1T0 ture spokesman for the anti-EU are export orientated because semencesprograin.ca U.K. Independence Party. they are going to have to con- Contact: Alexandre Beaudoin Many arable farmers in his tinue to meet EU standards,” Sales and Marketing Manager (Seeds) Canada region who traditionally rotate said Alan Matthews, profes- (450) 204-3578 [email protected] between wheat and rapeseed sor emeritus for European now have to add crops such Agricultural Policy at Trinity as peas or beans, or leave land College, Dublin. The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 27

New seed varieties PAW PATROL bypass Africa’s small farmers Large seed dealers generally focus on moving large volumes to institutional clients

BY CHRIS ARSENAULT Toronto/Thomson Reuters Foundation

frica’s small farmers, more than half of whom A buy their seeds from local informal markets, need access to improved seeds that can yield more food and cope with climate change, according to research published Jan. 20. Innovations in food science, including seeds that produce vitamin-rich food and crops that Perched like a chauffeur, a dog patiently waits for its person to return. photo: jeannette greaves can withstand hotter, drier con- ditions, are not reaching many of Africa’s small farmers as they are not available in local markets, researchers said. The study, published in the journal Food Security, examined 10,000 seed transactions across five African countries and Haiti, and researchers said it shed light on how food production can be expanded. “Science is making improve- ments to crops, but they are not getting to farmers,” Louise Sperling, senior technical adviser to Catholic Relief Services who worked on the study, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation. “Products farmers might want to choose, (including) varieties that are better resistant to climate change, aren’t accessible.” Previously, many research- ers assumed that small farmers relied on saving seeds from pre- vious harvests, rather than pur- chasing them. But the study showed that about 55 per cent of small farm- ers in Kenya, Malawi, South The built-for-Canada-all-in-one- Sudan, the Democratic Republic so-your-cereals-can-thrive treatment. of Congo and Haiti bought their seeds from local markets, family We know you love to see your cereal crops grow or friends. to their fullest potential. And in true Canadian “The good news here is that fashion, we’d like to give you a hand with that. (small) farmers are active cus- ® ® tomers,” Sperling said. Meet our new Cruiser Vibrance Quattro seed treatment. With four fungicides, an insecticide Open to change and the added benefits of Vigor Trigger® and This means many growers Rooting Power™, this all-in-one liquid formulation would be open to buying bet- ter, climate-smart seeds, if they offers superior protection plus enhanced were readily available in small, crop establishment for early-season growth. rural markets and appropriately Just the helping hand you can use, eh? marketed, she said. Large seed dealers generally focus on selling large volumes to institutional clients, such as big aid agencies or the United Nations, rather than small farm- FOR ers, she said. TRUE GROWTH, Companies should offer smaller seed packages to farmers, and should inform them of new AND kinds of seeds which might ben- STRONG FREE. efit them, she said. Social enterprises could play a role in improving rural distri- bution networks if traditional dealers are unwilling to serve poor customers in remote areas, Sperling said. Small farmers, working on less than two hectares of land, pro- duce up to 80 per cent of sub- Saharan Africa’s food, according to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Visit SyngentaFarm.ca or contact our Customer Interaction Centre at 1-87-SYNGENTA (1-877-964-3682). Nearly 800 million people Always read and follow label directions. Cruiser ®, Rooting Power™, Vibrance®, Vigor Trigger®, the Alliance Frame, the Purpose Icon and worldwide do not have enough the Syngenta logo are trademarks of a Syngenta Group Company. © 2015 Syngenta. to eat, and sub-Saharan Africa is particularly hard hit, the FAO has said.

8796_1F_CruiserVibranceQuattro_ManitobaCoOp.indd 1 2015-10-29 4:10 PM

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AUCTION DISTRICTS BUSINESS SERVICES Tillage & Seeding LIVESTOCK Parkland – North of Hwy 1; west of PR 242, Crop Consulting Cattle – Black Angus following the west shore of Lake Manitoba TILLAGE & SEEDING 21ST ANNUAL CATTLEMANS’ CONNECTION The Pas and east shore of Lake Winnipegosis. Westman – South of Hwy 1; west of PR 242. FARM CHEMICAL / SEED COMPLAINTS Seeding Various Bull Sale, March 4th, 2016, 1:00pm. Heartland Live- stock Brandon. Selling 100 Yearling Black Angus Interlake – North of Hwy 1; east of PR 242, CERTIFIED CONVENTIONAL CM440 GRAZING following the west shore of Lake Manitoba We also specialize in: agricultural complaints Bulls. For Catalogue or more information call Jack CORN. Early maturing, leafier for increased grazing Hart, Brookmore Angus (204)476-2607 or email and east shore of Lake Winnipegosis. of any nature; Crop ins. appeals; Spray drift; yield. No planter required. Swath or stand graze [email protected] Barb Airey manager Red River – South ofHwy 1; east of PR 242. Chemical failure; Residual herbicide; cattle, sheep, bison & for wildlife food plots. Cana- HBH Farms (204)566-2134 email rbairey@hot- Birch River Custom operator issues; Equip. malfunctions. Maize Seed Inc., 1-877-262-4046, www.canama- mail.com Sale management Doug Henderson Swan River ize.com (403)782-3888 or (403)350-8541. Minitonas Licensed Agrologist on Staff. Durban For assistance and compensation call TILLAGE & SEEDING BLACK ANGUS BULLS YEARLINGS & Long Winnipegosis Tillage Various Yearlings, some Heifer Bulls, semen tested & per- Back-Track InvesTIgaTIons formance records avail. Call Don Guilford, Hereford Roblin

Grandview Dauphin Ashern Ranch (204)873-2430, Clearwater. Gilbert Plains Fisher Branch 1-866-882-4779. www.backtrackcanada.com FOR SALE: 1985 IHC 720 hoe press drill ,always Ste. Rose du Lac Riverton Russell shedded, very clean. For more info phone evenings Eriksdale FOR SALE: 15 ANGUS Hereford X Heifer Calves, Parkland McCreary Arborg (204)859-2724 Lundar Gimli will make excellent cows. Call Don Guilford, Here- Birtle Shoal Lake Erickson ford Ranch (204)873-2430, Clearwater. Langruth Minnedosa Interlake Lac du Bonnet Gladstone CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT Hamiota Neepawa Stonewall TracTors Rapid City Selkirk Beausejour Portage OSSAWA ANGUS AT MARQUETTE, MB has for Virden Austin Winnipeg sale: Yearling & 2-yr old bulls. For more info call 1 Brandon Carberry Elm Creek 2007 D-6-N LGP CRAWLER w/6-way dozer, A/C, Souris Treherne Sanford Ste. Anne TRACTORS (204)375-6658, cell (204)383-0703. Reston Mariapolis Carman Steinbach 1 St. Pierre cab, canopy, diff-steering, ripper, extra clean, Melita Westman Case/IH Boissevain 242 Morris STEWART CATTLE CO. & GUESTS BULL SALE Killarney Pilot Mound $96,000; 2004 D-6-N LGP crawler, 6-way dozer, Waskada Winkler Crystal City Morden Red River Altona Feb 25, 2016 at 1:30PM Neepawa Ag-plex, Nee- A/C, cab, diff-steering, Allied W6D winch, $86,000; 1988 CASE IH 7130 MFD 7,058-hrs, rebuilt engine pawa, MB. 50 Black Angus bulls & Simm/Angus 2001 D-6-R LGP crawler tractor w/angle dozer & no hrs, 20.8x38 tires 50%, 3 hyd, 1,000 PTO, bulls. Contact Brent Stewart (204)773-2356 home, tilt, cab a/c & bush canopy, diff-steering, hyd cargo $33,500. Phone (306)542-3037. AUCTION SALES winch, 7,600-hrs, undercarriage approx 85%, (204)773-6392 cell. View catalogue at www.ste- $80,000 USD; 2003 D-7-R, cab, a/c plus bush TRACTORS wartcattle.com. Email: [email protected] AUCTION SALES canopy, 4-barrel multi-ripper w/a dozer & hyd tilt, John Deere LIVESTOCK Saskatchewan Auctions new engine plus repairs, total work order $137,000 3,000-hrs ago, $105,000 USD; 2008 Hitachi JD 2550 2-WD, 3-PT, hi/low shift, 4500-hrs, w/o Cattle – Charolais ZX-270-C-3 hyd excavator w/hyd thumb, w/quick loader; JD 2750 MFWD, CAH, 3-pt, 2-hyd’s, w/245 attach bucket, 7,190-hrs, $70,000 USD; 2006 Hita- PUREBRED CHAROLAIS YEARLINGS & three loader; JD 2950 2-wd, CAH, 3-pt, 2-hyd’s; JD 2950 chi ZX 270-LC Hyd excavator w/quick attach buck- 2-yr old bulls for sale by private treaty, White & Red MFWD, 3-pt, 2-hyd’s, w/loader; JD 4050 (2)MFWD, et, 11-ft stick, axillary hyd, 6,382-hrs, $65,000 USD. factor. Phone Brad (204)523-0062 www.clinecattle- FARM MACHINERY 3-pt, PS, w/o loaders; JD 4640 Quad, 3-hyd’s; JD (2) 2005 Komatsu 320 payloaders w/quick attach company.ca Machinery Miscellaneous 6420 2-MFWD, 3-pt, 3-hyd’s, PQ w/LHR, w/640 buckets, $50,000/each; 2010 CAT 324 excavator loader; JD 7610 MFWD, 3-pt, PQ w/LHR, w/740 WE HAVE AN EXCELLENT selection of PB Charo- w/electronic thumb. Phone:(204)871-0925. 1999 Agri Fab Great used mixer! This is one of the FEL; JD 7700 MFWD, 3-pt, PQ, fact duals, w/740 lais bulls, both Red & white yearling & 2-yr olds. heaviest mixers we’ve ever seen. Four augers offer- FEL, grapple. Mitch’s Tractor Sales Ltd. St. Pictures & info on the net www.defoortstock- 6 QUICK ATTACH EXCAVATOR buckets, some ing a great mix front to back top to bottom. 3/4-in Claude,MB. Phone: (204)750-2459 (cell) Mitch- farm.com. Call Gord or Sue:(204)743-2109. trenching & clean-up buckets, plus 6 excavator rip- flighting and heavy side walls. New 48-in conveyor. stractorsales.com pers, some Cat’s & WBM’s. (204)871-0925, Mac- All parts are common and available at any bearing LIVESTOCK Gregor MB. store. $12,999.99 (306) 971-9006 TRACTORS Cattle – Hereford Versatile FARM MACHINERY 8820 JD COMBINE; 4555 JD tractor, FWA w/front FOR SALE: 15 ANGUS Hereford X Heifer Calves, end & grapple; 1086 Int tractor w/front end & grap- 875 VERS. W/ATOM JET & good tires. Nice shape. will make excellent cows. Call Don Guilford, Here- MACK AUCTION CO presents a land auction for ple; 32-ft Ezee-on air seeder w/1400-gal fertilizer Ph:(204)325-2416. ford Ranch (204)873-2430, Clearwater. the Estate of Ron Carriere Thurs., Mar 31st, 2016 FARM MACHINERY caddy; 40-ft harrow packer; Melroe 5 bottom plow; 7:00pm at the Days Inn Estevan, SK. Up for unre- Fertilizer Equipment 4490 Case tractor; 54-ft Friggstad deep tiller; 20-ft TRACTORS FOR SALE: POLLED HEREFORD Bulls Yearlings served auction are 8 quarters sections of farmland Case Int 50000 sp swather w/cab, heat & AE w/U2 & Long Yearlings, semen tested & performance PU reel; 140-bu grain dryer; Rock-matic stone pick- 2-Wheel Drive records avail. Call Don Guilford, Hereford Ranch in the RM of Benson #35. Some of the will sell USED DRY FERTILIZER SPREADERS, 4-8 tons, er & 12-ft stone rake; 62-ft spray air 12-in swing out (204)873-2430, Clearwater. w/surface lease oil revenue. Visit www.mackauc- large selection, 18-ft Drillfill, has extra brush auger, STEVE’S TRACTOR REBUILDER specializing in auger; 10,000-gal., 2)5000-gal, 2)3000-gal & tioncompany.com for sale bill & photos. $2,900. www.zettlerfarmeuipment.com Phone: JD tractors in need of repair or burnt, or will buy for 1)1700-gal liquid fertilizer tanks; various size grain LIVESTOCK (306)421-2928 or (306)487-7815 Mack Auction Co. (204)857-8403. parts. JD parts available. Phone: 204-466-2927 or bins; 120-ft Flexi-coil sprayer; 2-ton Ford grain truck Cattle – Limousin PL 311962. cell: 204-871-5170, Austin. FARM MACHINERY w/roll tarp; 4-wheel 2 axle swather carrier; 20-ft BUILDING & RENOVATIONS deep tiller; 20-ft cultivator. Call (204)744-2491 or TRACTORS POLLED RED & BLACK BULLS quiet, guaranteed, Grain Dryers (204)825-8616. semen tested, delivery available. Performance & 4-Wheel Drive pedigree information www.cherwaylimousin.ca BUILDING & RENOVATIONS WESTERN GRAIN DRYER, manufacturers of ARTSWAY MIXMILL, $1,500; HENKE 30-in. PTO Yearlings & 2 Year olds. (204)736-2878 Roofing grain dryers w/fully automatic moisture & control rollermill, $3,500; Peerless 20 rollermill, $2,000; FOR SALE: JD 8970 Cummins 400-HP, 24-spd, 5 [email protected] systems. Updates for all screenless dryers include, Bearcat grinder, $800; NH LX865 skidsteer, remote, 710-38 tires, 7100-hrs, clean, shedded. roof, tiers & burner etc. Used dryers are available. $13,900; New skidsteer 48-in. forks walk through $68,000. Phone: (204)324-9300 LIVESTOCK PRICE TO CLEAR!! Toll-free 1-888-288-6857, westerngraindryer.com $950; Valmar 1620, $2,500; 3255, $3,500; 2420 Cattle Various trailer type, $5,000; JD 7000 8RN planter, $7,000; HEAT & AIR CONDITIONING 75 truckloads 29 gauge full hard FARM MACHINERY REM 2500 HD grain vac, $9,500; Brandt 4000, 100,000PSI high tensile roofing & 500 BRED HEIFERS. Reds, Blacks, Silvers & Grain Vacuums $8,000; Brandt 4500, $8,500; REM 1026, $4,500; Tans. Start calving March 25th, 2016. Had all shots, siding. 16 colours to choose from. New 10-ft. box scraper, $2,450. (204)857-8403 preg checked, Ivomec, pelvic measured, weigh ap- 2 CURT’S GRAIN VAC SERVICES, parts & repair for prox 1250-lbs. Phone:(204)325-2416. B-Gr. coloured...... 70¢/ft. GRAVITY WAGONS- NEW 400-BU., $7,400; 600- The Icynene Insulation all makes & models. Craik SK, (306)734-2228. ® 2 bu., $12,500. Large selection of used gravity wag- System COMPLETE HERD DISPERSAL. CHAROLAIS Multi-coloured millends...... 49¢/ft. ons 200-750 bu, $2,000 up. Large selection of used cross cows; Bred to Charolais or Red Angus. Start FARM MACHINERY • Sprayed foam insulation Ask about our blowout colours...65¢/ft.2 grain carts 495-1050 bu. Brent 610, $10,000; UFT calving March 2016. Call:(204)742-3498. Parts & Accessories 750 hyd dr, $17,500; MW 620-bu. $13,500; Used • Ideal for shops, barns or homes Also in stock low rib white 29 ga. ideal for dry fertilize spreaders 4-8 Ton; Gehl 500-bu. 4 au- HORNER CATTLE COMPANY HAS for sale • Healthier, Quieter, More group of 25 angus cross cimmental bred cows. Age archrib buildings ger feed cart, $10,000; Roorda feeder cart, $2,000; JD 780 spreader hydra push, $10,000; Gehl 1315 Energy Efficient® 3-8yrs. Preg checked to angus and cimmental bulls. BEAT THE PRICE slinger, $5,000. (204)857-8403. Calving in May/June. Call (204)867-2087 or (204)867-7117. [email protected]. INCREASES CALL NOW FYFE PARTS 1-800-667-98711-800-667-9871 •• ReginaRegina MCKEE 7-FT SNOW BLOWER, $1,250; Leon 12-ft LIVESTOCK 1-800-667-3095 • Saskatoon blade, $3,500, 10-ft blade, $2,000; Box scraper new FOUILLARD STEEL 1-800-667-3095 • Saskatoon 10-ft, $2,450; New Holland LX865 skidsteer, Cattle Wanted 1-800-387-2768 • Winnipeg $13,900; Melroe Bobcat 943 skidsteer, $14,900; SUPPLIES LTD. 1-800-667-30951-800-222-6594 •• EdmontonManitoba ST. LAZARE, MB. Grapple bucket for skidsteer new, $1,750; Grain www.penta.ca 1-800-587-4711 1-800-510-3303 “For All Your Farm Parts” screeners dual screen Hutchinson, $1,500; Up DMC 44, $2,500; Kwik Kleen 5 tube, $5,000, 7 TIRED OF THE www.fyfeparts.com tube, $6,500; Kelly Ryan Feedcart, $2,000; Snowco HIGH COST OF feeder cart, $1,000. www.zettlerfarmequipment.com IRON & STEEL Why wait for GOODS USED TRACTOR PARTS: (204)564-2528 Phone:(204)857-8403. MARKETING or 1-877-564-8734, Roblin, MB. FREE STANDING CORRAL PANELS, Feeders & YOUR CALVES?? your ag news? Alley ways, 30ft or order to size. Oil Field Pipe: 1.3, MURPHY SALVAGE New & used parts for tractors, Memory assistance. 1.6, 1.9, 1 7/8, 2-in, 2 3/8, 2 7/8, 3 1/2. Sucker Rod: 300-700 LBS. Sign up for daily enews at combines, swathers, square & round balers, tillage, 3/4, 7/8, 1. Casing Pipes: 4-9inch. Sold by the piece press drills & other misc machinery. MURPHY SAL- or semi load lots. For special pricing call Art Steers & Heifers manitobacooperator.ca VAGE (204)858-2727 or toll free 1-877-858-2728. (204)685-2628 or cell (204)856-3440. Rob: 528-3254, 724-3400 SEARCH The Real Used FaRm PaRTs Network Ben: 721-3400 Search news. Read stories. Find insight. LIVESTOCK BUILDINGS sUPeRsToRe Over 2700 Units for Salvage 800-1000 LBS. LIVESTOCK • TRACTORS • COMBINES Steers & Heifers AFAB INDUSTRIES IS YOUR SUPERIOR post Cattle Auctions frame building company. For estimates and infor- • SWATHERS • DISCERS HAYING & HARVESTING Don: 528-3477, 729-7240 mation call 1-888-816-AFAB(2322). Website: Call Joe, leN oR daRWIN www.postframebuilding.com (306) 946-2222 HAYING & HARVESTING Contact: CONCRETE FLATWORK: Specializing in place & monday-Friday - 8 a.m. - 5 p.m. Various D.J. (Don) MacDonald finish of concrete floors. Can accommodate any floor design. References available. Alexander, MB. FOR SALE: LARGE ROUND brome & alfalfa mix Livestock Ltd. WATROUS SALVAGE Hwy #205, Grunthal • (204) 434-6519 204-752-2069. WaTRoUs, sK. hay bales, $65, can deliver. Phone (204)324-9300. License #1110 BUSINESS SERVICES Fax: 306-946-2444 Combines GRUNTHAL, MB. AGENT FOR T.E.A.M. MARKETING LIVESTOCK BUILDING & RENOVATIONS BUSINESS SERVICES COMBINES Swine Wanted Crop Consulting Doors & Windows Accessories REGULAR AGCO MF CAT flex platforms: In stock Models 500 CATTLE SALES WANTED: Gleaner 25-ft. & 30-ft.; Model 8000 30-ft. & 8200 every TUESDAY at 9 am 35-ft. MF; Cat FD30 flex; FD40 flex. Reconditioned, BUTCHER ready to go. Delivery in SK, MB, AB. Gary: February 2nd, 9th, HOGS (204)326-7000, Reimer Farm Equip, Hwy #12 N, 16th & 23rd Steinbach, MB. www.reimerfarmequipment.com SOWS AND BOARS Saturday, February 20th at 10 am CASE/IH FLEX PLATFORMS: MODELS 1020 25- Bred Cow Sale FOR EXPORT ft. & 30-ft. w/wo sir reel; 2020 30-ft. & 35-ft., 2020 Monday, February 29th at 12 pm P. QUINTAINE & SON LTD. 30-ft. w/air reel; 2011 3020 35-ft. Can install new Sheep and Goat with AWS air bar for additional $11,500. Deliver in SK, Small Animals & Holstein Calves 728-7549 MB, AB. Gary (204)326-7000, Reimer Farm Equip, For on farm appraisal of livestock Licence No. 1123 Serving Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Hwy #12 N, www.reimerfarmequipment.com Stein- or for marketing information please call bach, MB. Harold Unrau (Manager) Cell 871 0250 NW Ontario & Alberta....Since 1937 Auction Mart (204) 434-6519 LIVESTOCK EQUIPMENT JD FLEX PLATFORMS: 922, 925, 930, sever- al MB. Livestock Dealer #1111 newer ones w/full finger augers & air reels; 630-635 • Quality Commercial/Agricultural/Residential w/wo air bars. Deliver in SK, MB, AB. Gary WWW.GRUNTHALLIVESTOCK.COM ALTERNATIVE POWER BY SUNDOG SOLAR, Overhead Doors & Operators. (204)326-7000, Reimer Farm Equipment, Hwy #12 portable/remote solar water pumping for win- N, Steinbach, MB. www.reimerfarmequipment.com LIVESTOCK ter/summer. Call for pricing on solar systems, wind • Aluminum Polycarbonate Doors Available. generators, aeration. Service & repair on all NH FLEX PLATFORMS: In stock Models 973 both Cattle – Angus • Non-Insulated and Insulated Sectional Doors Available. makes/models. Carl Driedger, (204)556-2346 or 25-30’; 74C 30-ft. w/air reel; 88C 36-ft. flex draper; (204)851-0145, Virden. • Liftmaster Heavy Duty Operators. 94C 25-ft. rigid draper w/trailer. Deliver in SK, MB, 55 RED AND BLACK Angus Two-Year Old Bulls AB. Gary (204)326-7000, Reimer Farm Equip, Hwy Suitable for Heifers and Cows. Private Treaty @ the AN ASSORTMENT OF CREEP feeders & self • Mullion Slide Away Centre Posts. #12 N, www.reimerfarmequipment.com Steinbach, MB. Ranch Info sheets available. Triple V Ranch Dan feeders on wheels & skids. All Cypress Industries. (204)665-2448 or (204)522-0092, Matthew Phone:(204)325-2416. • Commercial/Agricultural Steel Man Doors and Frames. (204)264-0706 Website vvvranch.com • Your washbay door specialists. • Quality Installation & Service. KELLN SOLAR SUMMER/WINTER WATERING HORNER CATTLE COMPANY HAS for sale ap- System, provides water in remote areas, improves • 24 Hour Service. • Replacement Springs & Cables. prox 50 top quality home-raised angus cross cim- water quality, increases pasture productivity, ex- mental bred heifers. Exposed to easy calving, red tends dugout life. St. Claude/Portage, 204-379-2763. and black angus bulls, from June 15-Sept 15. Heif- Phone: 204-326-4556 Fax: 204-326-5013 ers are from established herd with proven perfor- ORGANIC mance in the progeny and long-standing compre- Toll Free: 1-855-326-4556 hensive health program. Call Alan (204)867-7117 or (204)867-2087 or [email protected]. ORGANIC www.reimeroverheaddoors.com Organic – Grains HEADER TRAILERS & ACCESSORIES. RED ANGUS PUREBRED LONG yearling & two Arc-Fab Industries. 204-355-9595 year old bulls for sale. Contact DBM Angus Farms GROW ORGANIC QUINOA! Total production con- email: [email protected] at Holland, MB: Brian:(204)723-0474 or David: tracts available. Visit: www.quinoa.com or [email protected] www.arcfab.ca (204)723-0288. Phone:(306)933-9525. 30 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 CrCrCrossworossworossworddd by Adrian Powell Let's Not Get Into Poaching!

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S L A R O E C A (US Funds) P A M E R ❑ 58 26A, basically 37 Captain's record 3 Years $134.00* *Taxes included 60 Ouzo flavouring 38 Useful connections Payment Enclosed ❑ Cheque ❑ Money Order ❑ Visa ❑ Mastercard Visa/MC #: TAKE FIVE Expiry: Phone:______Email:______BONUS: Sign me up for daily breaking news bulletins and special offers FREE!  I agree to receive emails from FBC Communications Limited Partnership containing news, updates and promotions, as well as product and/or service information that may be of interest to me. You may withdraw your consent at any time by contacting Sudoku Heather Anderson, Circulation Manager, Box 9800, Winnipeg, MB R3C 3K7, email: [email protected] Last week's answer Make cheque or money order payable to Manitoba Co-operator and mail to: Box 9800, Stn. Main, Winnipeg, MB R3C 3K7 6 8 4 6 8 1 3 2 4 7 9 5 2 7 5 6 1 9 3 8 4 Help us make the Manitoba Co-operator an even better read! 3 4 9 8 5 7 2 6 1 Please fill in the spaces below that apply to you. Thank you! 2 4 3 5 4 1 3 7 9 2 8 5 6 q I’m farming or ranching If you're not the owner/operator of a 5 6 2 4 8 1 9 7 3 q I own a farm or ranch but i'm farm are you: 7 3 9 2 7 9 8 5 6 3 4 1 2 not involved in it's operations or q In agri-business 9 3 4 1 7 6 5 2 8 management (bank, elevator, ag supplies etc.) q Other 8 2 1 8 2 6 9 3 5 1 4 7 total farm size (including rented land)______Year of birth______1 5 7 2 4 8 6 3 9 Puzzle by websudoku.com My Main crops are: No. of acres My Main crops are: No. of acres 1. Wheat ______10. Lentils ______6 9 2. Barley ______11. Dry Beans ______3. Oats ______12. Hay ______7 3 6 4. Canola ______13. Pasture ______5. Flax ______14. Summerfallow ______6. Durum ______15. Alfalfa ______7 2 1 6 7. Rye ______16. Forage Seed ______8. Peas ______17. Mustard ______9 5 4 3 9. Chick Peas ______18. Other (specify) ______Livestock Enterpise No. of head Livestock Enterpise No. of head 1. Registered Beef ______5. Hog farrow-to-finish (# sows) ______4 1 9 2. Commercial Cow ______6. Finished Pigs (sold yearly) ______Puzzle by websudoku.com 3. Fed Cattle (sold yearly) ______7. Dairy Cows ______4. Hog Weaners (sold yearly) ______8. Other Livestock (specify) ______Here’s How It Works: Sudoku puzzles are formatted as a 9x9 grid, broken down into nine 3x3 boxes. To solve a sudoku, the numbers Occasionally Farm Business Communications makes its list of subscribers available to other reputable firms 1 through 9 must fill each row, column and box. Each number can appear only once in each row, column and box. You whose products and services may be of interest to you. If you PReFeR NOt tO ReCeIve such farm-related offers please check the box below. can figure out the order in which the numbers will appear by using the numeric clues already provided in the boxes. q I PReFeR MY NAM AND ADDReSS NOt Be MADe AvAILABLe tO OtHeRS The more numbers you name, the easier it gets to solve the puzzle! ✁ The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 31

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2016! Total production contracts available. Com- Toll-Free 1-800-258-7434 PARCEL 2: Part SE ¼ 24-2-7 WPM, in petitive returns and guaranteed delivery. Ph: 2013Agent:Box Malt 238 M & Letellier,Contracts J Weber-Arcola, BARLEY MB. R0GAvailable 1C0 SK.MALT SASKATOON, LLOYDMINSTER, & FLAX Agent: M & J Weber-Arcola, SK. Manitoba, excepting all Mines and 306-933-9525 or www.quinoa.com Box 238PhonePhone Letellier, 306-455-2509 204-737-2000 MB. R0G 1C0 LETHBRIDGE, VANCOUVER, Minerals (being approx. 148 cult. acres). • Competitive Prices Phone 306-455-2509 COMMON SEED Toll-FreePhone 204-737-2000 1-800-258-7434 MINNEDOSA TENDERS CLOSE: • Prompt Movement The ManitobaAgent:Toll-Free MCo-operator. & 1-800-258-7434J Weber-Arcola, Manitoba’s SK.best-read 1-204-724-6741 2:00 pm on February 5, 2016 farmAgent: publication. PhoneM & We J 306-455-2509Weber-Arcola,know that farming isSK. enough COMMON SEED • Spring Thrashed of a gamble so if you want to sell it fast place your ad in the ManitobaPhone 306-455-2509Co-operator classifieds. It’s a For further information contact Various “ON FARM PICK UP” Sure Thing. Call our toll-free number today. We have Larry J. Selby at: 1-877-250-5252 friendly staff ready to help. 1-800-782-0794. Phone: 204-242-2801 FOR SALE: ANDANTE YELLOW Mustard Seed. Fax: 204-242-2723 Spencers Seed Farm (701)331-9385. Call Me Email: [email protected] CORN SEED $28 PER acre- Catt Corn, open polli- nated, lower cost alternative for grazing & silage, REAL ESTATE high nutritional value & palatability, 7-9 ft tall leafy plants, 8-10 in. cobs, early maturing, 2250 CHU’s Farms & Ranches – Manitoba seed produced in MB, selling into SK, AB & MB for over 10 years, delivery avail. (204)723-2831 EXCELLENT LIVESTOCK FARMS: 1) 1000 head feedlot, Hartney. 2) 1732 deeded acs w/4,425-acs PASTURE BLEND FALL RYE. Phone of Crown land, fenced, small bungalow, very good (204)526-2527, (204)526-7374, Holland MB. buildings & metal corral system, can carry 450 Watch your cow/calf pairs. 3) 1,270 deeded ac cattle farm by Lac du Bonnet, 640-acs Crown land, turnkey opera- SEED / FEED / GRAIN tion. 4) Cattle ranch, Pine River, 3,300 deeded & 1,200-acs Crown land. 5) Excellent horse ranch in SEED/FEED/GRAIN Erickson MB, Riding Arena & Bldgs in Fantastic condition. Jim McLachlan (204)724-7753, HomeLife Hay & Straw Home Professional Realty Inc, Brandon, MB, 220 4X4 SQUARE ANNUAL rye grass straw bales, www.homelifepro.com 82RFV, $0.025/lb. 175 4x4 square bales annual rye profits grow! grass re-growth, 96RFV, $0.03/lb. 400 bales of Grain Farm For Sale wheat straw 4x4 bales, $25/bale. Notre Dame, MB. 3290 acre grain farm for sale south of Matt:(204)723-5002. Killarney, MB only 1/4 mile from paved 3RD CUT ALFALFA HAY for sale, net wrapped Prepayment Bonus HWY. 233,000 bushels grain storage, round bales, tested. 4 cents/pound, will load. Phone (204)799-8130 or (204)837-9750. 68’ * 60’ fully loaded workshop, 100’ Prepay your regular word classified ad for truck scale. Contact Stacey Hiebert 5X5 ROUND SOFT CORE bales. 120 first cut alfal- fa, 100 second cut alfalfa, 350 wild. Phone: 3 weeks and your ad will run an additional at 1-204-371-5930 (204)762-5782. Lundar, MB.

www.canadianfarmrealty.com ALFALFA 3X3 SQUARE BALES. Dairy quality 1st, 2 consecutive weeks for free! Royal LePage Riverbend Realty 2nd & 3rd cut available. Have feed tests; Also have beef quality mixed alfalfa/grass hay. Also Have Call Our Customer Service Representatives REAL ESTATE horse hay quality timothy/orchard grass in big & Farms & Ranches – Wanted small squares. Wheat straw in bigs as well. Delivery available. Phone Daryl:(204)856-3561 for pricing. To Place Your Ad Today! FARMS WANTED. If you are considering selling ALFALFA HAY MIX BALES for sale. Call your farm, contact me. I have eight years experi- (204)744-2491 or (204)825-8616. ence selling farms and farmed all my life. All discus- Outside Winnipeg: 1-800-782-0794 sions are confidential. Rick Taylor, Homelife Home FIRST CUT ALFALFA, ALFALFA grass hay for Professional Realty. (204)867-7551, rtaylor@home- sale, medium squares, can deliver. Phone life.com www.homelifepro.com Winnipeg: 954-1415 (204)642-3259 or (204)642-3043. RECYCLING FOR SALE: 1ST & 2nd cut Alfalfa Brome Timothy bales, 70% Alfalfa 30% Grass, avg 1,200-lb bales, $38 per bale. Phone (204)344-5360 or NOTRE DAME USED OIL NOTRE •• Buy Buy UsedUsed Oil (204)781-4504. & FILTER DEPOT • BuyBuy Batteries FOR SALE: 5X6 STRAW round bales, $17 per bale. (204)447-0184 or (204)447-2756. • Buy Used Oil • Buy Batteries DAME •• Collect Collect UsedUsed Filters • Collect Used Filters • Collect Oil Containers • Collect• Collect Oil Oil Containers Containers FOR SALE: BARLEY & wheat straw bales, big Manitoba’s best-read farm publication USED • squares, 4x4x8. Picked up or will haul. Phone Southern and Western Manitoba Antifreeze (204)856-9223. Tel: 204-248-2110 Southern OIL & Southern, Eastern, LARGE ROUND 3RD CUT alfalfa grass mix bales, Westernand ManitobaWestern No rain. Also some 1st & 2nd cut. Phone: FILTER Manitoba (204)642-7684. 1-800-782-0794 DEPOT Tel: 204-248-2110 LARGE ROUND BALES OF wheat & oat straw; Large round bales of hay. Phone:(204)325-2416. 32 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016

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precision farming focus Tractor turned robot maximizes farm labour, says inventor First prize at Ag Days 2016 Inventors’ Showcase goes to a Killarney-area farmer for his robotics invention that eliminates need for a grain cart driver

BY LORRAINE STEVENSON “We’ve actually never Co-operator staff/Brandon had a harvest and a t first glance, it looks like fall season go this one of Matthew Reimer’s smooth.” A farm crew is, well, kind of short. Actually, there is no one driv- ing that grain cart tractor as it Matthew Reimer navigates the field and pulls up president of Reimer Robotics to unload the combine on his Killarney-area farm. Reimer has programmed it to “We got all our fertilizer on. be driverless. Everything just worked really Reimer was awarded first place good and part of the reason was by judges with the Inventors’ we were able to get so many Showcase at Ag Days last week more things done while we were for turning his tractor into a combining.” robot, wiring its electronics to Reimer is adamant that robot- the autopilot out of a drone. ics like this won’t replace work- It can unload a combine on ing on the farm. The notion that the go and navigate autono- farmers one day will sit in offices mously within the field, com- controlling farm equipment municating with the combine. remotely is “still science fiction It’s controlled by the touch stuff,” he said. of a screen that signals its GPS Matthew Reimer, president of Reimer Robotics and Killarney-area farmer, took first place at Ag Days’ 2016 Inventors’ Showcase “It’s just going to change how locations. for a product allowing farmers to turn their existing tractor into a robot. PHOTO: LORRAINE STEVENSON we work,” he said. “Up to this “It does a calculation to fig- point, farms have been growing ure out where the tractor should A driverless tractor was just Reimer, who is president of his had a harvest go more smoothly, and what’s allowed farms to grow be, tells the tractor to go to that an idea rolling around in his new company Reimer Robotics, he said. is that equipment has got bigger GPS location, and just does that mind a year ago. was in Brandon last week to It’s meant to be labour saving, and more efficient so you can get repeatedly on a loop,” Reimer “I’ve thought it was a good share the idea with other farm- but in their case it was labour more done with one tractor than told reporters in Brandon last idea for a long time. I just ers. The software and hardware maximizing, he said. you used to be able to, but it is week. didn’t know how to do it,” he deployed are open source. It meant the person otherwise reaching the limits of what we “In order to call the tractor said. “Anyone can pick up this tech- sitting with the grain cart all day can fit on our roads. over you just hit ‘start unload- “Then I stumbled across an nology and work on it,” he said, was able to do many more jobs “I think we’re going to start to ing. The tractor drives over on autopilot that’s out of a drone, adding he hopes other produc- instead of just sitting idle. see more tractors, but smaller. its own, you have to speed it up and the lightbulb went on ers will build on the concept and “I had him swathing and har- So instead of having one tractor, the first time, then when it gets in my head. It has the algo- advance the innovation. rowing and running for fuel and maybe you’ll drive one but the close it slows down automati- rithm for navigating a vehicle. Reimer deployed the tractor- doing all these other jobs that other one will be unmanned.” cally. When you’re done unload- I thought if I can put it in my turned-robot on his family’s keep our operation running ing, you just hit “empty.” tractor, it’ll take care of that.” farm this past fall. They’ve never smooth,” he said. [email protected]

Remote-controlled livestock gate featured at Inventors’ Showcase The livestock gate pivots upwards and can be remotely opened and shut without leaving the tractor

closing gates really adds up, Annetts BY LORRAINE STEVENSON said, adding that eliminating the need Co-operator staff/Brandon to disembark can also help reduce the potential for slips and falls too. ike Annetts doesn’t spend his First-place winner at Ag Days days opening and shutting Inventors’ Showcase was Killarney- M farm gates, but farmers he area farmer and president of Reimer knows do. Robotics, Matthew Reimer, for an When they told the industrial arts invention that essentially turns a trac- teacher at McCreary High School that tor into a robot. all that repetitive mounting and dis- Honourable Mention went to mounting from a tractor or any other Harvest Sweep (Corn Header vehicle just to open gates was basi- Technology) for a redesigned kit that cally “a pain in the butt,” Annetts set to replaces stock components of deck work. plates and gathering chains on a corn His invention, the Lift and Go, a head to save at least 80 to 85 per cent 16-foot livestock gate that opens of corn shatter loss. remotely — and pivots upward instead Thirteen companies in all entered of swinging — was awarded sec- the 2016 exhibition, which is spon- ond prize by judges in the Inventors’ sored annually by the Manitoba Showcase at Ag Days last week. Co-operator at Ag Days. The product needs just a small level Other inventions ranged from new area for the base, while the receiver is kinds of applicators for treating seed mounted to the gate’s panel or post. and software for field management Several farmers around McCreary and tracing, to grain-bin lid openers area now use the Lift and Go, and feed- and new products for more safely han- back received by Annetts is that it is a dling newborn calves. time saver. Over a period of months, Mike Annetts’ colleague Garry Smith explains how the Lift and Go operates to visitors at Inventors’ that time spent manually opening and [email protected] Showcase. PHOTO: LORRAINE STEVENSON 34 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016

precision farming focus Big data — a big topic among farmers Assessing more information has and will lead farmers to better agronomic decisions

connected to seeders and ferti- David Fischhoff told Forbes in for our data I guess we should likely buy big data services in the BY ALLAN DAWSON lizer and pesticide applicators to 2014 big data will change the face have access to everyone else’s.” future, but mainly to access data Co-operator staff vary seeding rates and applica- of agriculture. Although farmers are skeptical management and analytical tools. tions on the fly. Instead of treat- “We can see things we’ve never about yield data, Bergen added, Dan Hacault of Swan River ig data is big business. ing a field all the same, inputs can seen and know things we’ve never “I think big data can… take stressed that data from his own Two years ago Monsanto be adjusted to suit conditions, in known so we can tap more of the away some of those reasons not farm is what’s most important to B paid $1 billion for Climate effect creating many fields within potential in every seed, every acre to believe,” if the variables are him. Corp., a firm that specializes in a field. and every dollar we invest and use reduced. “For my farm it’s the small data digitizing and aggregating a long The technology behind preci- a new level of decision-making What would interest Bergen? I want,” he said. “It’s the stuff I col- list of data collected from farmers’ sion agriculture and micro-agron- in the pursuit of higher yields,” a Being able to access 2015 soybean lect for my own farm that’s more fields. The numbers are crunched omy, produces the information, company video says. yields grown on similar soil to his, value to me than the amalgama- and sold to farmers so they can which when aggregated across planted before the spring snow to tion of a pile of data.” make better agronomic decisions many fields, is big data. Farmers’ view see what impact, if any, seeding Earlier in the conference Dan and more money. Other large companies, includ- Do farmers see it the same way? into cooler soils had. Frieberg of Premier Crop Systems It all started with yield moni- ing DuPont Pioneer and John A farmer-panel on big data at the “Once we can do that then I in West Des Moines, Iowa also tors, GPS technology and yield Deere, are offering big data serv- annual Manitoba Agronomists’ think we’re into something really focused on the value of captur- maps and evolved to multiple ices. The focus has been on the Conference Dec. 16 was cautious. good,” he said. ing data from individual fields layers of information from soil United States, but Canada and “It is worth something,” Roland Adam Gurr, who farms at Rapid and using it to assist the owner to type and fertility to topography, Brazil top Climate Corp.’s expan- farmer John Bergen said. “It’s not City and also does independent make better agronomic decisions. rainfall, heat units and crop vari- sion list. worth something yet. Our data is research through his company ety. That information is then Climate Corp.’s chief scientist worth something too. In exchange Agritruth Research, said he will Continued on next page »

Steel- wheeled skid steer FARMCOMMANDTM Steel wheels are a lower cost alternative to tracks

Scott Garvey FBC Staff

he new all-steel wheels for skid T steer loaders at Evolution Wheel’s display at Manitoba Ag Days last week in Brandon might evoke memories of old steel-wheel tractors, but they have been developed to meet a very modern purpose, says Derek Hird owner of Evolution Wheel. With rubber-tracked m a c h i n e s b e c o m i n g pretty popular in the skid steer world to over- come the kind of trac- tion and flotation prob- lems common to wheeled machines, Hird says his steel wheels are an excel- lent — and lower cost — alternative to solve many of those problems. They could be a big help to producers when doing a variety of jobs around the farm. “Manure cleaning is a big one,” Hird says. “In the snow they do pretty well, also working in the mud. “A lot of guys in the mar- ket have trended toward a track machine to solve the 20 per cent of jobs they couldn’t do with tires. Now they have this option that’s a third less cost for an upgrade and virtually no maintenance costs versus high maintenance costs down the road for a track machine.” A set retails for $6,000. Anyone looking for a dealer should check the (888) 576-6777 | [email protected] | PrecisionSolutions.ca company’s website www. evolutionwheel.com. The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 35

precision farming focus

Continued from previous page recoverable after three and four their data compared to what years. has been aggregated. It’s easy to “Like it or not, big data is the new reality In another case using yield imagine both. Either way farm- Big data is crude, but it’s better in farming. It’s here to stay.” maps Rezansoff found a 4,300- ers will have to see the value than it was, he said. acre farmer had zero yield on 731 and be confident of the data “We have to do better than or 17 per cent of his acres over itself. averaging the responses from several years due to excess water. Gurr said he’ll test recommen- tiny plots and pretending that Mitch Rezansoff Topographical maps were used dations based on pooled data on those results fit across huge spa- to see how to remove the water. If his farm before fully adopting tial variability that exists within buying a used scraper to improve them. fields,” Frieberg said. too, he said. For example, based farm, said Mitch Rezansoff, inte- drainage could cut the lost acres Bergen noted big data com- “Every agronomist and every on data from 3,800 fields Climate grated solutions manager for to 200, it would pay for the panies are focused on the U.S. farmer knows there are differ- Corp. found 10 per cent didn’t John Deere dealer Enns Brothers. scraper in one year, not including Midwest, where crops and con- ences across their fields. get enough nitrogen, costing the “Why aren’t more farmers doing the time to do the work. ditions are different from here. “The real key is let’s not pre- farmer an average of $54 an acre it? It goes back to ‘show me the Firms will have to invest a lot to tend all this land is the same in reduced yield. It also found in benefit,’” he said. Better decisions get the data necessary to build agronomically because it’s 40 per cent of the fields too much And that’s just what Rezansoff Speakers agreed more data will predictive models that apply to not, and we can use the equip- nitrogen was applied costing pro- has been doing. On one farm he help farmers make better deci- Western Canada, he said. ment that growers have already ducers an average of $13 an acre. discovered operation overlaps sions and make them more effi- And while local and big data invested in and help them with So besides boosting yields, col- totalling 200 acres, resulting in cient, more productive, sustain- will become more important, their data to do a better job of lecting and analyzing data can $24,000 worth of extra inputs able and profitable. farmers or their agronomists managing what they do in help the environment. Nutrient being applied. Modifying the “Like it or not big data is won’t be replaced. agronomy.” run-off is attracting more govern- anhydrous ammonia applica- the new reality in farming,” “Farmers’ intuition is para- Local data is important, said ment attention and regulation. tion with sectional control saved Rezansoff said. “It’s here to stay. mount,” Rezansoff said. “Can Dan Wright, Monsanto Canada’s $6,400, paying for itself in a year, It will become more embedded data replace the farmer’s experi- trait launch lead, who is work- Show me he said. into the equipment, the technol- ence and intuition? The answer ing on Climate Corp.’s Canadian Only an estimated 10 per cent Paying for sectional control ogy, the capabilities.” is no. It complements it.” expansion, but aggregated data of Manitoba farmers are collect- on an air seeder, either factory What’s perhaps less clear is can reveal important information ing data now from their entire installed or added later, was the extent farmers will focus on [email protected]

briefs Save farm derivatives trade, Switzerland urges voters Zurich/Reuters / Switzerland’s government on Jan. 12 urged voters to reject a campaign to ban trading in agricultural derivatives, saying the well- meaning attempt to allevi- ate world hunger would not succeed and only jeopardize Swiss jobs and tax revenue. The “No Speculation with Food” initiative is subject of a binding referendum on Feb. 28 under Switzerland’s system of direct democracy. Proponents argue that speculative transactions create volatility and lead to hunger and poverty. They point to a study by the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich that speculation can account for 60 to 70 per cent of price movements, making it harder for poor countries to afford food. The measure would amend the constitution to ban banks, trading houses, insurers and other investors and wealth managers in Switzerland from dealing for themselves or for clients in financial instruments based on agricultural commodi- ties or food. The government noted that no trading platforms for such products exist in Switzerland and that com- panies could easily circum- vent a ban limited only to this country. Banning such trades would harm the economy, BATCO CONVEYORS. BELT TO LAST. it added, noting the costs it would impose on the many With Batco you can count on quality built equipment that is easy to maintain and Swiss-based trading com- will be reliable through your toughest seasons. Batco has an extensive line of products panies, insurers, banks and to suit your application including; drive over pits, low profile field loaders and long pension funds that deal in swing away conveyors. farm product derivatives. It would also impinge on economic liberties and raise questions about Swiss poli- cies at a time the economy was also labouring under 877.667.7421 | batcomfg.com the impact of a strong cur- rency, it added. 36 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016

precision farming focus Determining the best seeding rate for hard red spring wheat An NDSU researcher finds that different varieties also have different tillering capacities

eral HRSW varieties planted in “People ask, ‘is it really BY ANGELA LOVELL 23 different environments. that critical in spring wheat Co-operator contributor “Seeding rate can be far off because it tillers nicely and with bushels per acre because will likely catch up,’” said he old rule of thumb that’s just a volume. You can Mehring. “That’s probably about seeding 1.5 bush- have a lot of different seeds per true but if your intention was T els of wheat per acre just volume or per bushel when the to plant a seeding rate without doesn’t apply anymore, says a kernel weights are different,” using seeds per kilogram — researcher with North Dakota Mehring said. the kernel weight — you are State University. His research showed that far from that. It’s important Variety, seeding date and using a common North Dakota to take into account kernel even latitude make a dif- seeding rate of 1.5 bu./acre of weight and also germination.” ference, Grant Mehring told two varieties with very different In Mehring’s trials he also the Manitoba Agronomists kernel weights — 15 grams per counted how many seeds on Conference in Winnipeg last 500 kernels for one and 20 grams average across 10,000 wheat December. He described his per 500 kernels for the other — plots over three years didn’t Measuring seeding rate by the bushel can lead to wide variations in yield. extensive, three-year research could result in a difference of up germinate, and saw an aver- photo: grant mehring trials on seeding rates for sev- to 400,000 seeds per acre. age of 10 per cent to 15 per cent stand loss. “It would be good to take a 10 per cent to 20 per cent expected stand loss into consideration when you are planting spring wheat,” Mehring said. “That is what agronomists recommend in North Dakota and it is what helps growers get the plant population they want.”

Tillering is important Environment is also going to take away some of the seeds a producer plants, added Mehring, which is why plant- ing as early as possible in the spring is crucial to get plants established. “As you delay planting date you need to increase seeding rates,” said Mehring, whose research showed significantly less tillering in plants that were planted a month to five weeks later than the optimum early planting date. “Environment is a major factor in tiller production and yield, so it’s also important to choose the HRSW cultivars that are most broadly adapted to your growing region.” Mehring’s research has clearly shown that varieties have very different tillering capacities. “Tillering is what impacts your spikes per acre, and your spikes per acre is what gives you yield at the end,” he said. “It’s important to get the stems-per-acre numbers up to the level you need to get the yield you want but it doesn’t do any good necessarily to increase seeding rate because in our trials, when averaged over many different environ- ments and years, overall that didn’t increase stems per acre or yield.”

Know your varieties Increasing seeding rates can also increase the risk of lodg- ing especially in high-lodging potential cultivars, along with other factors such as environ- mental conditions, taller vari- ety height, and N fertilization. “If you are planting a high- lodging cultivar — a cultivar that yields great and has lower straw strength — you are probably not going to want to

Continued on next page » The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 37

precision farming focus

Assessing tillering capacity of HRSW Assessing tillering capacity of HRSW

Tillering is one of three take pictures at different components that ulti- growth stages you can get a mately determines yield sense of the tillering capac- but it’s a complex process ity of different varieties involving many different based on which one is fill- factors. It isn’t easy to pre- ing the canopy faster.” dict, which is why produc- Mehring suggests pro- ers can’t simply look up ducers may want to do tillering capacity in their some on-farm strip trials provincial seed guide. to get a sense of which “There is no actual varieties tiller well under genetic predictor of til- their conditions. There is lering capacity that we also a free app available know of,” Grant Mehring from the Oklahoma State of North Dakota State University called Canopeo University told the — available for iPhone or Manitoba Agronomists Android — which measures Conference in December. the percentage canopy of “The only way I know to green live vegetation based predict tillering capacity is on photos taken with a to do plant counts. If you smartphone. On-farm strip trials can help determine which varieties perform best on your farm. photo: grant mehring

“Environment is a major factor in tiller production and yield, so it’s also important to choose the HRSW cultivars that are most broadly adapted to your growing region.” SUCCESS

Grant Mehring NDSU

Continued from previous page ON EVERY push the seeding rate at all, because if the environment is right it’s going to lodge and there will be a harvest and yield impact,” Mehring said. “Some varieties will tiller FIELD so well that the seeding rate doesn’t necessarily make a dif- ference and that’s something you need to know,” he said. “If you have some agronomic information that says a variety has a higher tillering capacity, that may be one you consider scaling back a bit on the seed- ing rate.” Mehring’s biggest message to producers and agronomists was to gather as much infor- mation as possible about dif- ferent HRSW varieties to be able to make the best seeding rate choices for each situation. “You should use all of the WE’RE WITH YOU information that you know about a variety,” he said. “It’s Echelon™ is the precision agriculture platform from CPS that stands shoulder to shoulder with not just the yield and the pro- tein of the variety that mat- growers, year-round. It’s a powerful combination of industry-leading data, local imagery, soil ters. It’s the height of the variety, the lodging potential, sampling and variable-rate technology — designed to help you succeed in a world of extremes the tillering capacity, rela- and variances. Experience Echelon from CPS: Agronomic precision, on-farm support, success. tive maturity, whether you’re planting earlier or later — all BRING IT ON of these intricate factors will be important to take into con- sideration when you choose a seeding rate.” Mehring is working on Echelon ™ is a trademark of Crop Production Services (Canada) Inc. CPS CROP PRODUCTION SERVICES and Design is a using predictive tools such registered trademark of Crop Production Services, Inc. 01/16-47697 as known genetics, as well as phenological characteris- tics including tillering, plant height and photoperiod sen- PLANT NUTRITION | SEED | CROP PROTECTION | FUEL | STORAGE & HANDLING | ECHELON sitivity to predict optimum seeding rates for different HRSW cultivars.

47697_CPS AgDataPalooza_8_125x10_MC_a3.indd 1 1/21/16 2:56 PM 38 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016

precision farming focus

App will identify bugs and outbreaks in real time Farmers and agronomists sought for testing app that will allow reporting and tracking of insect outbreaks

the outcomes, so they can make BY ANGELA LOVELL better management decisions Co-operator contributor in the future based on what worked for them. e s e a r c h e r s a t t h e The app will also have a noti- University of Manitoba fications feature so that any R and Agriculture and Agri- new risk map, warning, research Food Canada are developing a finding or relevant information new app that will make it eas- is available to the farmer as it’s ier for farmers to practise inte- produced. grated pest management (IPM). “We’re trying to make the app The free, user-friendly app, work for specialists and non- which should be available in specialists,” says Dr. Ana Dal 2018, incorporates three sepa- Molin, who is working on the rate tools for pest identification, project together with Dr. Barb forecasting and crop manage- Sharanowski at the University ment. The pest ID tool is cur- of Manitoba, and gave a dem- rently in the most advanced onstration of the app at the phase of development and con- recent Manitoba Agronomists tains ID keys for 69 insect pests Conference in Winnipeg. of canola. It will eventually have “We are trying to open additional insect pests of other the lines of communication crops, 160 to 200 weeds, and between growers, researchers, several diseases in its database agronomists and agencies, and as well. make them faster and more The farmer will be able to efficient, so they should be able bring up the app on an iPhone to track down all the issues or Android device in the field, and provide all the informa- choose the type of pest — i.e. What is that critter, and is it a good one or a bad one? An app being developed by AAFC and the U of M will be able to tell tion required to make informed “canola bugs” — and scroll you. Photo: Canola Council management decisions.” through multiple, high-defini- The developers hope to have tion images of different charac- the app fully developed by 2018, teristics — such as wing shape, to email extension staff or an scouted by growers, agrono- to help guide management but in the meantime are looking or type of crop damage — to agronomist. mists and extension staff who decisions. for agronomists or farmers willing help identify the bug. Once the can upload the information The crop management tool to assist with testing the ID app in farmer confirms its identity, the Information in real time into the database. Risk maps allows farmers to keep a history the upcoming field season. Those app has a guide to more infor- The forecasting tool provides reflect the current situation of pests, weeds and diseases interested should visit http:// mation about how to manage real-time data that’s gener- and the algorithm can incor- they have had in their fields, mobile-ipm.com/ or email barb. the pest, or offers the option ated and updated fields are porate climate and other data how they dealt with them, and [email protected].

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STUDIO AD#: kenna_5x914C_MC_110202270 CLS_Sunflowers Bleed: n/a PMS PMS COPYWRITERACCT MGR SPELLCHECK PROD MGR PROOF # The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 39 PotashCorp to shut New Brunswick potash mine Mining at three Saskatchewan sites was also recently suspended due to the down market

PotashCorp said it expected BY NICOLE MORDANT AND to recognize severance and SWETHA GOPINATH transition costs of about $35 Reuters million in the first quarter as a result of suspending opera- eak conditions in the tions at Picadilly. potash market will PotashCorp said its custom- W not improve any time ers “historically served” via soon, PotashCorp’s CEO said New Brunswick will now be Jan. 19 as the fertilizer company served from Saskatchewan announced it would suspend through Canpotex, the joint operations “indefinitely” at its potash export arm it operates New Brunswick mine. with Agrium and Mosaic Co. PotashCorp said it was putting PotashCorp’s port terminal its Picadilly mine near Sussex, at St. John will also be made about 75 km northeast of St. available to Canpotex. John, in “care and maintenance” The suspension would help mode, resulting in the loss of 420 PotashCorp to reduce its to 430 jobs. full-year cost of goods sold Potash prices have fallen by $40 million to $50 million sharply over the past year, under and would eliminate capital pressure from bloated capacity, expenditures of about $50 soft grain prices and weak cur- million in 2016 and $135 mil- Citing soft markets for potash and grains, Saskatoon-based PotashCorp is set to suspend production at its nearly new Picadilly rencies in major consumers lion in 2017-18, the company potash mine in New Brunswick within the next four months. photo: reuters/david stobbe such as India and Brazil, two of said. PotashCorp’s largest customers. “We don’t see in the short term how things will turn around quickly that would change the environment,” CEO Jochen Tilk said in an interview. “We are repositioning the com- pany in light of that but we are still optimistic on the long-term prospects for our business,” he said. Understand the trends, see the opportunities As demand for potash has fallen worldwide, PotashCorp, the world’s biggest fertilizer company by capacity, has in recent months closed its FCC Ag Outlook 2016 nearby Penobsquis potash mine at Sussex and suspended production at three mines in Saskatchewan. PotashCorp’s other New Brunswick mine, at nearby Cassidy Lake, was shut down in the late 1990s. Saskatoon-based PotashCorp, which had more than 5,000 employees worldwide at the end Economy Commodities of 2014, said it would retain 35 employees at Picadilly to keep the operation in “care and main- tenance,” while another 100 are to stay on through a four-month “transitional period.” The Picadilly mine, built between 2008 and 2014, would take about a year to restart if Weather Technology PotashCorp decides to resume its operations, the company said. About 100 affected New Brunswick employees could be relocated to the company’s Leading industry experts look ahead to the trends, opportunities Saskatchewan sites, PotashCorp added. and emerging technologies that could impact your operation. Stay up to date and make sound business decisions. FARMING Tuesday, February 9 Brandon IS ENOUGH OF Limited seating – register for free today. A GAMBLE... fcc.ca/AgOutlook | 1-888-332-3301

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1-800-782-0794 40 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 Brazil soy Frozen in time traders to renegotiate Monsanto royalty deals Soy buyers are asked to police farmers’ royalty payments

A butterfly frozen to a log was Sao Paulo/Reuters able to move its wings after a little heat from the fire. oybean trading firms in photo: jim lundgren Brazil will have to rene- S gotiate agreements to collect royalties for seed giant Monsanto on genetically modi- fied soybeans bought from farmers, the president of indus- try association Abiove said on Nov. 2. Monsanto’s demands that soy buyers police farmers’ royalty payments on its Intacta RR2 Pro technology, and trading houses’ belief they should be com- pensated for the service, had caused fears that traders would refuse to buy soybeans last year. “They are going to have to go back to the table… The agree- ments in 2014 did not gener- ate profits for the soy industry,” Abiove’s Carlo Lovatelli told Canada’s most journalists. Soy trading houses negoti- ated with Monsanto for months last year. Abiove’s efforts to trusted sources broker a deal for all its mem- ber firms broke down and indi- vidual companies worked out their own compensation for the for ag news and service. Abiove represents Bunge, ADM, Louis Dreyfus and Cargill as well as smaller Brazilian information is firms. In Brazil, where GM seeds have only been legal for a dec- fully searchable. ade, reusing seeds is more com- mon than in the U.S. and it’s WINTERFAT — A PROTEIN-RICH FORAGE · WHEN TO FERTILIZE easier for farmers to avoid pay- THE BEEF MAGAZINE ing Monsanto’s fees after buying the seeds the first season. A Monsanto representative

April 2015 $3.00 www.canadiancattlemen.ca did not confirm the renegotia- tion of the agreements, but said the system of compensating companies would continue. The representative said most farm- ers in Brazil pay Monsanto’s royalty fee when they buy the REJUVENATING SEARCH seeds, not when they sell soy to PASTURES Network trading houses. SPECIAL FORAGE ISSUE Monsanto didn’t say what Radish to the rescue 10 percentage of Brazil’s 2015-16 Winter graze cows on ryegrass 26 soy crop, now in its final stages of planting, would be sowed with pest-resistant Intacta RR2 Nobody has more daily news and Pro this season. About a fifth up-to-the-minute ag information Look for the AgCanada Network of the harvest was planted with than the AgCanada Network. Search button on the top right of the technology last year, consul- the AgCanada.com homepage tancy Celeres said. Our respected titles cover all aspects of the industry, with award-winning, in-depth local, national and FARMING international coverage. IS ENOUGH OF A GAMBLE... Whether you’re looking for a comprehensive article on a specific crop, or a recipe for muffins, start your search at the AgCanada Network.

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1-800-782-0794 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 41 U.S. ranchers seek checks on volatile cattle futures The U.S. NCBA blames high-frequency traders for the wild rides in livestock futures

In a letter, the NCBA told Duffy cattle futures, CEO Donnie Smith BY TOM POLANSEK CME needs to do more to police “Unprecedented volatility in the cattle futures told analysts in November. Chicago/Reuters high-frequency traders, including Tyson did not respond to a introducing a one-second delay market rendered it useless for price discovery request for further comment. .S. cattle producers have between trading actions and purposes.” Other major packers — Cargill, called on CME Group cracking down on traders who JBS and National Beef Packing U and federal legislators cancel orders too often. Co. — declined to comment or to rein in price volatility they “The effectiveness of cattle Bill Bullard did not respond to questions. say has rendered the world’s futures contracts as a viable risk R-CALF USA R-CALF USA, another cat- largest livestock futures market management tool is being called tle producers’ group, said pack- ineffective. into question due to concerns ers colluded to manipulate cat- Two groups of cattle produc- over high-frequency trading,” the Markets gyrated repeatedly in cattle futures last week, accord- tle markets in the second half of ers agree volatility last year was letter said. the second half of 2015. Live cat- ing to U.S. Commodity Futures 2015. The group has asked the extreme and a problem, but Meat producers and feeders tle futures dropped nine per cent Trading Commission data. U.S. Senate Judiciary Committee clash on the cause. The National use CME’s futures contracts to to a two-year low in one week at Some traders said the produc- to investigate. Cattlemen’s Beef Association offset the risk of owning cattle. the end of September and early ers were just upset that prices “Unprecedented volatility in (NCBA) blames price swings High-frequency traders are spec- October, only to gain back almost have declined. the cattle futures market ren- on high-frequency traders, and ulators who can move trades in a all the losses the following week. High-frequency traders soothe dered it useless for price discov- R-CALF USA says the nation’s fraction of a second. volatile markets by providing ery purposes,” said Bill Bullard, largest meat packers fuelled price CME constantly reviews its ‘Omnipresent liquidity’ “omnipresent liquidity,” said Bill chief executive of R-CALF, in a swings. agricultural products to ensure Changes are already on the way. Harts, CEO for Modern Markets letter to committee leaders. CME executive chairman they meet customers’ risk man- On Feb. 1, CME will implement Initiative, a trade group that rep- Republican Senator Charles Terrence Duffy was expected agement needs, a spokesman new rules on order messaging resents high-speed and algorith- Grassley of Iowa, who chairs the to face complaints about the said. in cattle markets, after produc- mic traders. committee, and other members sharp moves at the annual “We continue to work directly ers earlier raised concerns about Tyson, the biggest U.S. meat are looking into the allegations, meeting of the NCBA, a trade with our customers and industry high-speed trading. processor, fell victim to volatil- their spokespeople said. group representing more than groups to address their concerns Meat producers, merchants ity, losing US$70 million in the The cattlemen’s association 175,000 producers and feeders about recent cattle market vola- and processors held about 61 per fourth quarter of 2015 due to an said R-CALF’s accusations were in California. tility,” he said. cent of the open interest in live “unprecedented decline” in live wrong.

UN seeks help for Ethiopia Food supplies for about 10 million are under threat

Rome/Reuters

thiopia faces its worst drought in decades, lead- E ing the United Nations’ food agency to call on Friday for an emergency cash injection of US$50 million to help the coun- try overcome the crisis. Crop production has fallen up to 90 per cent in some regions and failed completely in the country’s east, a consequence of an El Niño weather pattern that has caused significant declines in rain in some parts of the world and floods in others. The Rome-based UN Food and Agriculture Organization said the drought had decimated Ethiopian livestock and threat- ened food supplies for 10.2 mil- lion people. Access to pasture Forward THINKING and water will worsen until the rainy season begins in March, FAO said. For higher yield potential and better returns, order your soybean seed pre-treated with “The outlook for 2016 is very ® grim,” said FAO’s representative Optimize inoculant today. for Ethiopia, Amadou Allahoury. “Food overall will become harder The LCO technology in Optimize helps your soybean crop by enhancing nutritional to access if we continue to see availability. Benefit from improved nodule formation, increased nitrogen fixation and prices rise, food stocks deplete and livestock become weaker, enhanced root and shoot growth for better plant performance. less productive, and perish.” Brought to its knees by fam- For dual inoculation, apply Optimize inoculant with either Cell-Tech™, JumpStart® ine in 1984, Ethiopia’s economy is or TagTeam® inoculant. Consult your local Monsanto BioAg representative for a now one of the fastest growing in the world, leaving it better able to customized approach or visit www.useOptimize.ca. deal with such crises. Agriculture also plays a smaller role in the Nature. It’s powerful technology. economy, but the FAO says it still provides half of gross domes- tic product and 80 per cent of employment. The agency’s plan includes dis- tributing seeds and animal feed, vaccinating animals, delivering 100,000 sheep and goats to vul- nerable households and giving farmers cash for bringing weak- ened and unproductive livestock to slaughter. Communities will be offered ALWAYS READ AND FOLLOW LABEL DIRECTIONS. Cell-Tech™, JumpStart®, Monsanto BioAg and Design™, Optimize® and TagTeam® support with savings and loans are trademarks of Monsanto Technology LLC, Monsanto Canada Inc, licensee. © 2015 Monsanto Canada Inc. 1404-1 10.15 schemes, irrigation projects, and education. 42 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016

Cheap feed Gene editing produces virus-resistant pigs reduces Gene-edited animals don’t produce the protein PRRSv needs to spread in herds ractopamine University of Missouri was issues it raises are fiercely use in U.S. BY BEN HIRSCHLER able to breed pigs that do not Early-stage studies debated. London/Reuters produce a specific protein nec- An international summit Hog producers are essary for the virus to spread showed the new on human gene editing in British animal genetics in the animals. Their research PRRSv-resistant Washington last week urged taking advantage of firm, working with U.S. was published in the journal pigs, when exposed caution on human gene edit- corn prices near A scientists, has bred the Nature Biotechnology. to the virus, did ing but said editing genes in five-year lows world’s first pigs resistant to a Early-stage studies showed human embryos was permis- common viral disease, using the new PRRSv-resistant pigs, not get sick and sible for research purposes. the hot new technology of when exposed to the virus, did continued to gain Lightner said there were sev- gene editing. not get sick and continued to weight normally. eral critical challenges ahead BY THEOPOLIS WATERS Genus, which supplies pig gain weight normally. to fully develop and commer- Chicago/Reuters and bull semen to farmers The development of these cialize the technology. worldwide, said Dec. 8 it had resistant pigs is further proof Liberum analyst Sophie heap grain has encour- worked with the University of the power of gene edit- Jourdier said commerciali- aged some U.S. hog farm- of Missouri to develop pigs ing, which is taking the bio- zation would likely take five C ers to switch away from resistant to porcine reproduc- tech industry by storm. Genus ics to call for a global ban on years or more but the new a controversial drug to bulk up tive and respiratory syndrome chief scientific officer Jonathan genetic modification of human resistant pig line would add their animals, giving them the virus (PRRSv). Lightner said it was “a poten- embryos. to Genus’s long-term growth added benefit of being able to The condition, also known tial game changer for the pork The technology allows scien- prospects. sell to big customers such as as blue-ear disease, can be industry.” tists to edit genes by using bio- PRRSv affects millions of China, which have banned the fatal as it affects the animals’ Editing the genes of living logical “scissors” that operate a pigs and costs the swine indus- supplement. immune system and costs organisms holds out great bit like a word-processing pro- try around US$700 million a Ractopamine, known by the farmers hundreds of millions promise for treating diseases gram that can find and replace year in the U.S. and 1.5 billion brand name Paylean, cuts the of dollars a year. There is no and improving crops and ani- selected stretches of DNA. euros (C$2.2 billion) in Europe, total cost of producing a hog cure. mal species. But it could also It has been put to work in according to a 2011 Iowa State by at least $2, or about two per By using precise gene be used to create “designer” laboratories around the world, University study cited by cent, experts said (all figures editing, the team from the human babies, prompting crit- even as the ethical and safety Genus. US$). Safety concerns, however, have prompted 23 countries, including major importers Russia and China, to refuse meat containing the additive. Christina Gaines, a spokes- woman for Elanco, one of the producers of ractopamine, said the drug “has been safely used in livestock production for more Put the power of than a decade and affirmed by 30 regulatory authorities.” While corn prices hover- ing near five-year lows have prompted U.S. hog farmers to use more grain and less rac- topamine, supplies remain tight. N e b r a s k a h o g f a r m e r Brian Zimmerman now has Smithfield Foods, owned by in your hands! China’s Shuanghui International Holdings, fighting over his rac- With the AgDealer Mobile App for topamine-free hogs with Hormel Foods. iOS and Android devices. All of Smithfield’s own hogs are raised free from ractopamine and most go to China, the world’s largest pork consumer. China took $353 million of pork from the U.S. from January to October this year, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) said, down about $67 million from the same period last year which represents eight per cent of overall U.S. pork  exports. Search over 30,000 That could rise as the USDA said in October China would equipment listings! resume imports from 14 domes- tic pork plants and ware-  B rowse your specific houses after halting some ship- ments in 2014 over the use of search results instantly! ractopamine. “They need us, we need them. Hopefully they can be the goose  Email or call the seller that lays the golden egg for us,” said Zimmerman. directly – and save Ractopamine was used by roughly 80 per cent of U.S. hog your results! farms in 2012, when corn prices topped $8 per bushel. Corn costs have fallen to about $3.70 per Why wait and miss a deal!? bushel. At the same time, profits for Start your search now! Scan the pork producers in the U.S. have deteriorated. Purdue University code below to download the app. estimated 2014 hog farmer prof- its at $54.37 per head versus a projected loss of $3.20 for 2015 after hog numbers ballooned in the industry’s efforts to recover from a deadly pig virus. Ron Plain, a University of Sponsored by Missouri economist, said the economics must add up. “The fact that you lose some Or visit agdealermobile.com for download details. export markets matters. And, the value of the improved ani- mal performance becomes a little less valuable when corn is cheap,” said Plain. The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 43 U.S. hogs fed pig remains, manure to fend off PED’s return U.S. producers fear declining immunity to PEDv as weather turns colder

time in hogs that were previously For farmers seeking to delib- BY DANNY NA AND TOM infected. erately expose their herds to POLANSEK Feedback allows female hogs the virus, one step is to identify Reuters to become infected and pass on infected hogs, so they can serve immunity to piglets, which are as “vaccine” donors. At Prestage nimal nutritionist John more likely to die from the dis- Farms in Oklahoma, which sells Goihl knows Minnesota ease than older hogs. Those hogs to Seaboard Corp., work- A farmers who feed the fed infected food or otherwise ers place pieces of rope into remains of dead baby pigs to hogs exposed to the virus usually pigpens for hogs to bite. The used for breeding in attempts to become sick for a few days. rope is then tested for the virus, ward off infections of a deadly Purposefully exposing hogs says Ron Prestage, who runs a virus in offspring. to the virus is “really important division of the family-owned In Oklahoma, farm workers because that’s one way we can company. are mixing manure from swine have local establishment and If the disease is detected, work- sick with the disease, known as local building of immunity,” said With current vaccines seen as limited in their ability to help hog herds get past a PED ers scoop up manure from the porcine epidemic diarrhea virus Lisa Becton, director of swine outbreak, some U.S. farmers are trying the “feedback” approach. photo: thinkstock pens to mix with feed for female (PEDv), into the food of healthy health information and research breeding hogs, so they can pass animals to build their immunity. for the U.S. National Pork Board. losses would occur if 10 per cent reported new infections, accord- on antibodies to piglets through In Kansas, farmers are spray- Matt Ackerman, a hog veteri- of sow farms become infected, ing to an analysis from Bob their milk, said Prestage, who is ing a mixture of hog manure con- narian in Indiana, estimates more which Ackerman said was a “very Morrison, a professor at the also president of the National taining the virus and water on the than a million pigs could die real expectation” that would be University of Minnesota. That is Pork Producers Council. noses of pigs to create a “natural between June 1, 2015 and May 31, devastating to producers. down from 56 per cent between “They get a little bit of a belly- vaccine.” 2016, from a return of the virus, From July 1 to Dec. 4, two July 2013 and June 2014 and nine ache and have diarrhea and then Across the Farm Belt, U.S. pork far below the 2013 levels. Such per cent of herds cumulatively per cent a year later. get over it,” he said. producers are doing whatever they can to shore up their herds’ defences against the virus that killed up to eight million pigs, a tenth of the nation’s herd, two years ago, and that farmers fear could return this winter. The virus, which causes severe diarrhea that kills baby pigs, thrives in cold weather, and declining immunity in the U.S. herd has raised the risk of another outbreak to the highest level since 2013, when pork prices soared to record highs, veterinarians said. A resurgence could drive up prices again and hurt profits for processors including Tyson and JBS, which have benefited from low hog prices. Farmers are better prepared to fight the disease than they were two years ago after implement- ing procedures to prevent the spread of the virus. Veterinarians said attempts to deliberately expose hogs to the virus also help reduce the risk of an outbreak as big as the one that began in 2013, although it is not clear how many farmers are taking such precautions. Michael Blackwell, chief vet- erinarian officer for the Humane Society of the United States, said feeding baby pigs to other hogs “seems to be pretty barbaric,” but that he understands why farmers are doing it. “It is not as inhumane as having millions of piglets killed in an outbreak,” he said.

Vaccines and ‘feedback’ Veterinarians said commer- cial vaccines available from Zoetis and from Merck-owned Harrisvaccines offer limited help preventing outbreaks. They do not specifically target the gut and are mainly effective on hogs that have already been exposed to the virus. Harrisvaccines said vaccines are not a “silver bullet,” and Zoetis said there was not enough data that proves vaccines effectively protect herds that have not previ- ously been infected. Such limitations, along with concerns that immunity levels have waned, make farmers turn to methods such as “feedback,” where intestines of piglets killed by the virus are fed to female pigs used for breeding. Immunity has declined because a growing number of hogs have never been infected, meaning they lack natu- ral immunity they could pass on to their babies, veterinarians say. Also, immunity wears off over 44 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 COUNTRY CROSSROADS CONNECTING RURAL FAMILIES It’s been a century since women gained the right to vote Petitioning government took persistance, patience — and years

BY LORRAINE STEVENSON Co-operator staff

“ en and women in gal- leries mark the occa- M sion by singing ‘O Canada.’” “Cheers on the floor of the house...” So declared the headlines of the January 28, 1916 Manitoba Free Press. Jan. 28 marks exactly 100 years since the Manitoba’s legisla- tive assembly gave unanimous approval to the bill that made Manitoba first in Canada to grant women the provincial vote. It was a long time coming. By 1916, Conservative Premier Sir Rodmond Roblin, with whom prominent suffragist Nellie McClung had verbally tus- sled, was gone from office over a scandal related to construc- tion of the legislature building. Liberal Premier Tobias Norris, was newly elected on an ambi- tious platform promising reforms including a ban on alco- hol and compulsory education. The women’s vote was a watershed moment for a prov- ince, where a burgeoning social movement had taken root. This was the early era of the agrarian movement, and for- mation of numerous voluntary associations for women such the Women’s Christian Temperance A photo taken December 23, 1915 of the presentation of the final petition for women’s suffrage by the Political Equality League. The four women pictured are Lillian Beynon Union, Ladies Aid Societies and Thomas, Winona Dixon, Dr. Mary Crawford and Amelia Burritt. PHOTOs: PROVINCIAL ARCHIVES the Women’s Institute (WI). One of the causes WI would take up shortly after organizing in The story of these Manitoba in 1910 was to estab- lish public “rest rooms,” which women’s lives and were meeting places for rural accomplishments women. provides insight into WI members, who cannot find written records linking their the special place held organization directly to the suf- by Manitoba as the frage movement, feel confident epicentre of women’s in asserting their rest rooms suffrage in Canada.” played an important role, pro- viding a place for women to talk and raise women’s issues, Linda McDowell says Donna Young, present-day Manitoba historian serving president of the WI in Manitoba. Women were talking about the state of public education in those days too. A petition presented A line of An Act to Amend “The Manitoba Election Act,” Manitoba has declared 2016 to the government. given assent on January 28, 1916. the Year of the School Trustee to honour contributions made by women as school trustees “... the farm groups could a degree of co-operation characterized by militancy and Petitions for the vote for women. and their service in those roles. generally be relied on to throw among neighbours; the Grain protests. Women were permitted to serve their support behind the suf- Growers’ Association made an It took shape from lectures as trustees in 1890 in Manitoba. Historian Harry Gurkin says the frage movement...,” he wrote. early appearance, and with the in town halls, opinion formed Linda McDowell, a historian root of Manitoba’s more progres- “Across the fertile farmlands encouragement of the men, the reading circulated postcards, and researcher who asked for sive attitudes towards women is west of Winnipeg, in a scatter- women’s auxilliary developed a debate at dinner tables and help from Manitoba Co-operator tied to its rural culture in the early ing of small towns, the home- lively identity of its own...” conversations in WI’s rest readers’ to gather stories about 19th century. In Give Us Our Due steaders of the area maintained “Politics held as much fas- rooms. It ultimately led to circu- early female trustees, is glad to — How Manitoba Women Won a vigorous community life.” cination for rural people as lating and signing petitions. The see these gains by Manitoba The Vote, he writes about influ- “Government-funded adult for city dwellers, and current final petitions were presented women being celebrated this ential women such as agricul- education programs brought issues such as temperance and by members of the Political year. tural journalist Cora Hind, Nellie farm people together, the men woman suffrage were hotly Equality League to government “The story of these women’s McClung and other prominent to study such topics as crop debated.” on December 23, 1915. lives and accomplishments pro- suffragists, and of the formation management and marketing, But it was also a long process. On them were names signed, vides insight into the special of Political Equality League, which the women to learn the latest Manitoba’s suffrage movement, not days, week, or months, but place held by Manitoba as the was backed by other burgeoning techniques of sanitation, child in an era when roads were years earlier. epicentre of women’s suffrage in organizations — including The care, nursing, and food pres- scarcely more than trails and Canada,” she said. Grain Growers Association. ervation. Rural life demanded phones non-existant, wasn’t [email protected] The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 45 COUNTRY CROSSROADS Prairie fare

Eating a variety of foods can be a victory for your health

Similar to today’s guide, the food groups Today we have vast amounts of informa- By Julie Garden-Robinson were designed to be sure that people had tion at our fingertips. I paged through the Food and Nutrition Specialist adequate vitamins and minerals from their fragile pages of old cookbooks and perused NDSU Extension Service foods. today’s guidelines on a website on my tab- Can you guess what the “Basic 7 Food let computer. I was pleasantly reminded Groups” included? Group One included that even though times have changed and hen I was young, my mom used to green and yellow vegetables, and Group our knowledge about nutrition has grown save the water from cooked vegeta- Two included oranges, tomatoes, grapefruit tremendously, overall food guidance really W bles and put it in soup. She also saved and salad greens. Group Three included is quite similar. water from boiled potatoes if she was making potatoes and all other vegetables. Group Our ancestors were taught to eat a vari- bread the next day. The potato water contained Four included milk and milk products, and ety of foods to get the nutrients their body starch to feed the yeast, so the bread turned Group Five included meat, poultry, fish, needed. We still need variety. However, we out better with potato water, she said. eggs, dry edible beans, nuts and peanut may need to remember moderation more We rarely threw any food away. Leftover butter. Group Six included bread, flour and than our food-rationing ancestors, who meat became the basis of soup or stew, and cereal. had a much lower incidence of overweight stale bread became bread pudding. When We have one “food group” left in this than today’s generation. I learned to bake, my mother could scrape older generation nutrition guidance. Can Despite all of our technical advance- enough dough from the bowl to make one you guess the remaining food group? If ments and wide availability of all sorts of more cookie. I couldn’t even see any dough left you are thinking butter and fortified mar- foods, we can learn some vital lessons from in the bowl. garine, you are correct. (Yes, butter was a previous generation. Why not try our best Sometimes I wondered what prompted this a food group back then. Sorry, I do not to waste less food, grow more of our own thriftiness and careful avoidance of wasting see it returning as a food group any time food or buy food grown close to home, eat food. soon.) In the 1940s, people were encour- a variety of foods and prepare it in our own The other day, I was doing some sorting and aged to produce their own food in “victory kitchens? cleaning when I came upon some interesting gardens.” They also were encouraged to The following are the key recommen- cookbooks from the 1940s, which a friend had preserve food through canning, freezing dations from the 2015 to 2020 Dietary given me. These meal-planning guides were and drying, and conserve food by avoid- Guidelines. A healthy eating pattern titled “Health for Victory,” and were written ing waste. The 1940s guides reminded the includes: during the Second World War. My mother was a readers to “use every crumb, every drop.” • A variety of vegetables from all of young, single woman at the time, working in a Food was considered a “vital war mate- the subgroups — dark green, red and defence plant. rial.” Food was being sent to support the orange, legumes (beans and peas), If you, your mother or grandmother came troops to maintain their stamina and starchy and other; of age in the 1940s, chances are these types of strength, and ration stamps for meat were • Fruits, especially whole fruits; books were the go-to guides to stretch food to be used carefully. People were advised • Grains, at least half of which are whole during the war effort. to stretch their meat budget by using more grains; Maybe some men read these, too, but gender beans, lentils and other pulse foods. • Fat-free or low-fat dairy, including milk, roles were a little different 75 years ago. Now let’s flash forward to today’s guide- yogurt, cheese, and/or fortified soy During this time period, homemakers were lines. Every five years, new national beverages; advised to feed themselves and their fami- “Dietary Guidelines for Americans” are • A variety of protein foods, including lies from the “Basic 7 Food Groups.” This was released. The 2015 Dietary Guidelines were seafood, lean meats and poultry, eggs, the 1940s version of “MyPlate,” which is our released in January 2016 because nutrition legumes (beans and peas), and nuts, present-day icon illustrating our five food often is a controversial topic. seeds and soy products; groups. Enough said. • Oils.

Oatmeal Jam Squares 3/4 c. shortening 1/2 c. brown sugar, firmly packed We’re using a Canadian substitute for 2-1/2 c. Robin Hood Rolled Oats the “Queen of Rice Pudding” recipe 1 c. Robin Hood Flour (measured after sifting) accompanying Julie’s column this week. 1 tsp. baking soda Canadians had to tighten our belts, ration 1/2 tsp. salt ingredients and cook simple meals and Thick jam desserts during this time in our history as well. Here’s one from Ration Recipes Cream shortening, which has been left to soften published by Robin Hood Flour Mills Ltd. at room temperature, add sugar and blend until The little recipe book featured several recipes very smooth. Add Robin Hood Rolled Oats and mix to help householders reduce the amount of thoroughly. Sift flour, soda and salt and blend with butter, sugar and meat in their meals. first mixture until crumbly. Put one-half the mixture on a well-greased 9x12-inch baking pan, and press They were thoroughly home tested, “good to firmly into a smooth layer. Spread with jam (plum eat and easy on both your budget and ration or strawberry gives an excellent flavour). Sprinkle coupons,” the booklets said. These were remaining crumb mixture over the top of the jam “scrumptious” squares for a special occasion, and pat until smooth. The whole mixture should be said Ration Recipes. no more than 3/4 inch thick. Bake in a “moderate One can’t help but think the sustained love of oven” (350 F) for 30 minutes. While warm cut into oatmeal squares is a preserved memory from squares. wartime years in Canada. Makes 30 squares.

PHOTO: Thinkstock 46 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 COUNTRY CROSSROADS

Cairn dedicated for gift of land Property contributed to MHHC has been in the Crew family for half a century

By Darrell Nesbitt Freelance contributor

amily, friends and neighbours of Frank Crew, along with represent- F atives of the Manitoba Habitat Heritage Corporation (MHHC), came together last fall to recognize and thank the Birtle citizen and retired farmer for his contribution and donation of land that had been part of his family’s farm for half a century. A permanent cairn was unveiled ded- icated to the Crew family that reads: “This property is dedicated to the Crew Family – Isaac and Jessie Crew, Ken and Ella Crew, and Frank Crew – part of the SW 35-16-27 W and S 1/2 of 27-16-27 W (385 acres) were donated to the Manitoba Habitat Heritage Corporation by Frank Crew. Three gen- erations of the Crew Family lived and worked on this farm and appreciated the wildlife that frequented this land along the Birdtail River. It was this inter- est that inspired Frank to donate the land to provide a home for nature’s bounty.” After grain farming in the Birtle area for more than 50 years, Frank retired in Frank Crew speaking at the unveiling of the cairn. PHOTO: DARRELL NESBITT 2000, and decided to donate the land to the MHHC. The donation is very special to high- “Standing high over the Birdtail Valley, style, it’s nice to see things like this hap- cropped. Similar to all lands donated to light in the Prairie View Municipality, as the Crew family’s land was cleared leav- pen. Thanks Frank for turning these par- the MHHC, it is available to the general along with the land promoting nature’s ing acreage to be farmed,” said Whitaker. cels of land — home to an abundance of public for walking, hiking, birdwatch- beauty and wildlife, half to one kilome- “While the MHHC buys parcels of land, wildlife — into perpetual motion.” ing and for the enjoyment of the great tre of the actual Birdtail River is part of in this situation Frank kindly chose to “It is nice to share the land, farmed outdoors. the donation, said Roy Bullion, conser- donate the land in remembrance of his by three generations of the Crew fam- The MHHC is a non-profit Crown cor- vation specialist with MHHC. forefathers and future generations.” ily,” said Frank. “The land has been a poration established in 1986. Its direc- John Whitaker, MHHC board chair- Councillor Roger Wilson knows full well-maintained no-hunting area, which tive is to work in partnership with pub- man, who farms in the Erickson area well the important work that MHHC will be kept in the same manner by the lic and private organizations and indi- talked about how agricultural and natu- puts forth. MHHC.” vidual landowners to conserve, restore, ral habitat weave into one corridor. He “Having sat on the MHHC board The land will be managed for the and enhance fish and wildlife habitat in said it seems that bits of natural habitat at one time, these folks do great next three to four years the same way Manitoba. are in the way in this day and age, not- work across Manitoba,” said Wilson. that it is currently managed — portions ing the size of farming machinery. “Managing property with grace and that are cultivated will continue to be Darrell Nesbitt writes from Shoal Lake, Manitoba

What’s in a name? Recognizing some commonly used Latin words will give much information about a plant

foliage will be silver, while azura guaran- By Albert Parsons tees that the colour blue will be involved Many of these familiar Latin Freelance contributor in some way. Rosea means the flowers will be pink, while rubra means they will words form the roots of s we start to peruse the seed cat- be red. If you see sanguinea attached English words. alogues that have been arriving to a plant name, then its flower will be A in the mail, it is useful to know blood red. Coccinea also refers to red. a little bit about plant nomenclature. Latin names can also tell a lot about I am not really well versed in Latin a plant’s growth habit or appearance. plant names and usually refer to plants Longifolia refers to long leaves (folia by their common names, but I do find means foliage). Barbata means the plant many Latin names useful as they give a is bearded or hairy. Varieties listed as Some Latin names tell us when or lot of information about a plant. compacta are dwarf and compact in where the plant will grow or bloom. The Most seed companies and nurseries size while gigantea means they are quite word vernalis means of the spring and include both common and Latin names large. Nana also means small, while the my Adonis vernalis is one of the first in their listings. For example, I know prefixes milli and grandi mean small and plants to bloom in the spring garden. an eryngium variety called alpinum large respectively. Likewise, a plant with the Latin name “Blue Lace” will have its origins in the There are other Latin names besides muralis means that it is likely a vine or mountains, so will probably be toler- alpinum that tell of a plant’s geographic climbing plant as muralis means growing ant of inhospitable surroundings, while origin. Siberica refers to Siberia, so the on walls. the euphorbia longifolia Amjilassa will plant will be hardy and tolerant of cold Here’s a quiz — no answers given! What have long leaves. Being able to recognize temperatures. The Latin word arctica colour are the flowers of a foxglove with some of the most commonly used Latin would carry the same message. A plant the Latin word purpurea in its name? words, such as alpinum and longifolia, that has arenaria in its name means that What size are the flowers of a sweet pea instantly gives some vital information it comes from a sandy locale, so would with grandiflora in its name? What char- about the plants. Many of these familiar not be planted in a heavy clay soil. The acteristic do the flowers have if the Latin Latin words form the roots of English Latin word borealis means woodland, so word odoratus is included in the name? words; it isn’t hard to link alpinum to our any plant with this word in it is a wood- Latin plant nomenclature is not that English word alpine or longifolia to the land plant. Some Latin names simply difficult if you keep in mind the Latin English word long. give the country of origin. Canadensis, roots of some of our English words. What are some of the more useful — chinensis, japonica, and australis are Recognizing the meanings will allow us and easy to remember — Latin names examples and because there is a wide to be able to make better plant choices of plants? One group refers to the colour range of climate and soil types in these for our gardens. The popular petunia “Sugar Daddy” has of the blooms, or sometimes the foliage. countries, the words do not really give a grandiflora in its name, which tells us that its Alba means white, argenta means the lot of helpful information. Albert Parsons writes from Minnedosa, Manitoba blooms are large. PHOTO: ALBERT PARSONS The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016 47 COUNTRY CROSSROADS

Welcome to Reader’s Photo Country Crossroads

If you have any stories, ideas, photos or a comment on what you’d like to see on these pages, send it to Country Crossroads, 1666 Dublin Ave., Winnipeg, Man. R3H 0H1, phone 1-800-782-0794, fax 204-944-5562, email susan@ fbcpublishing.com. I’d love to hear from you. Please remember we can no longer return material, articles, poems or pictures. — Sue

An early-morning start to haul grain. PHOTO: LILLIAN DEEDMAN Info update on microwave food safety Many cases of food poisoning could be prevented with proper food handling and cooking suitable for microwave cook- • Never cook frozen raw breaded warm, soapy water between Health Canada release ing. Only cook frozen food poultry products, includ- temperature readings to avoid (without first defrosting it) if the There are ing chicken nuggets, strips cross-contamination. icrowave ovens heat label says to “cook from frozen.” approximately or burgers, in the microwave • Foods are safe to eat when food unevenly, which Otherwise, defrost food com- four million cases because uneven cooking may cooked to the following inter- M means you should take pletely before cooking. of food poisoning not kill all harmful bacteria. nal temperatures: extra precautions when cooking • Before defrosting food in the • Cook food right after defrost- — Cook all ground beef prod- your next meal. Harmful bacte- microwave, remove it from in Canada every year. ing. Do not cook frozen and ucts to 71 C (160 F). ria can only be killed by proper Styrofoam trays, freezer cartons thawed food together. Stir — Cook all food mixtures con- cooking. or non-microwave-safe con- food occasionally to avoid cold taining poultry, eggs, meat There are approximately four tainers and wrappings and put spots. and fish to 74 C (165 F). million cases of food poisoning it on a plate or in a microwave- • Cut food into small pieces and in Canada every year. Many of safe container. arrange it to minimize over- Reheating leftovers: these could be prevented by fol- • Keep food in the refrigera- Cooking: lapping. Remove meat from • Reheat leftovers until they are lowing proper food handling and tor before and after defrost- • Read the cooking information bones. steaming hot. Use a digital cooking practices. Here are a few ing it. Do not leave food at on food labels and follow instruc- • Use microwave-safe containers food thermometer to ensure steps to follow when cooking room temperature for more tions carefully, including how and wrappings. the centre of the food reaches food in microwave ovens. than two hours because bac- long to microwave a food and • When cooking meat, use a 74 C (165 F). teria can grow quickly at these how long to let it stand (and cook digital food thermometer to • Only reheat food that you will Defrosting: temperatures. further) after heating it. Never check the temperature in sev- eat immediately. Avoid putting • Read all instructions on food • Never refreeze food that is cook whole poultry, including eral of the thickest pieces. reheated leftovers back in the packaging to see if the food is defrosted in the microwave. turkey, in the microwave. Wash your thermometer with refrigerator.

This Old Elevator

n the 1950s, there were over 700 grain elevators in Manitoba. Today, there are fewer than 200. You can help to preserve the I legacy of these disappearing “Prairie sentinels.” The Manitoba Historical Society (MHS) is gathering informa- tion about all elevators that ever stood in Manitoba, regardless of their present status. Collaborating with the Manitoba Co-operator it is supplying these images of a grain elevator each week in hopes readers will be able to tell the society more about it, or any other elevator they know of. MHS Gordon Goldsborough webmaster and Journal editor has developed a website to post your replies to a series of questions about elevators. The MHS is interested in all grain elevators that have served the farm community. Your contributions will help gather historical information such as present status of elevators, names of companies, owners and agents, rail lines, year elevators were built — and dates when they were torn down (if applicable). There is room on the website to post personal recollections and stories related to grain elevators. The MHS presently also has only a partial list of all elevators that have been demolished. You can help by updating that list if you know of one not included on that list. Your contributions are greatly appreciated and will help the MHS develop a comprehensive, searchable database to preserve the farm community’s collective knowledge of what was once a vast network of grain elevators across Manitoba. Please contribute to This Old Grain Elevator website at: http://www.mhs.mb.ca/elevators. You will receive a response, by The former Manitoba Pool elevator and annex at Tyndall in the RM of Brokenhead closed in July 1971 email or phone call, confirming that your submission was received. and were used for over 40 years by a livestock feed dealer. They are still standing. PHOTO: Bernie Freeman 48 The Manitoba Co-operator | January 28, 2016

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