Introduction of Some Heteroptera of Shend Abad Region and Environ (Iran)

Amir Hossein Eghbalan1, Mohammad Hassannzadeh 2, Maryam Forouzan 3, Mohammad Rezaei 3

1- Bu- Ali Sina University, Agricultural Faculty, Department of Entomology, Hamedan- Iran 2- Urmia University, Agricultural Faculty, Department of Entomology, Urmia- Iran 3- Department of Plant Protection, West Azerbaijan Agricultural Research and Natural Resources Centre, Urmia- Iran

Corresponding author: Amir Hossein Eghbalan

Abstract

The Heteroptera are very important in agriculture. In this suborder there are aquatic, semi-aquatic, and terrestrial species, some of which are important agricultural and silvicultural pests. During 2006-2007, in the course of faunistic survey of Heteroptera in Shend Abad region and environ (Located in East Azarbayjan in Iran), 46 species belonging to 15 families were collected and identified. All species are first records from the region.

Keywords: faunistic; first record; Heteroptera; plant product; Shend Abad

Introduction

Members of the suborder Heteroptera are known as true bugs. The front wings, called hemelytra, are leathery in basal half and membranous in apical half. These insects also have elongate, piercing-sucking mouthparts which arise from the ventral (hypognathous) or anterior (prognathous) part of the head capsule (Borror et al, 1989). Economic importance of the suborder is due to diverse feeding aspects: there are many species that feed on plant and are serious pest (Safavi, 1973). The damage caused by the insects is a result of sucking sap from food plants, is often increased by the salivary enzymes, which may considerably alter the quality of plant products such as the baking quality of wheat, Other species are known as beneficial species catch other insects and Acarina (Linnavuori & Hosseini, 2000), and finally there are species that feed on blood and may transmit human disease (Chagas disease is transmitted to humans by assassin bugs, family Reduviidae). The suborder is classified in seven infraorders based on characters of antennae, rostrum, legs, wings, male genitalia and pygophor. True bugs have simple development and their reproduction is bisexual. Heteroptera hibernate as adult (Borror et al, 1989). Fauna of Heteroptera of East Azarbayjan is insufficiently researched. Baroughi and Modares Awal have studied on few localities in this province previously.

Material and methods

Research of the Heteroptera was performed in the period of 2006 to 2007. Samples have been taken from 52 localities in the region.Collecting of material was performed during whole year (Figure 1 and Table 1). Collecting of material was performed during whole year (Figure 1 and Table 1). The visible specimens that weren't very swift trapped by hand but small species collected by aspirator, some of the bugs are collected by sweep net from weeds and some of them by light trap that attracted insects fell down into poisonous bottle under it. The specimens were put into jars filled with 70% alcohol. All collected specimens were mounted. The structure of the male genitalia is often the only reliable way for distinguishing the species. For examining the genitalia, the genital segment removed boiled in % 10 KOH solution for 15-40 minutes, washed in distilled water, and then put in a drop of glycerin on a microscope slide (Modarres Awal, 1997). In this study, 46 specimens belonging to 15 families were identified. Intl. J. Agron. Plant. Prod. Vol., 4 (7), 1440-1446, 2013

All samples are housed in Entomological collection of Plant Protection, College Agriculture, Tabriz University.

Table 1.The 52 localities studied in Shend Abad region and environ Locality Sampling location Habitat Altitude (m) 1 Dizelar Apple orchards 1405 2 Dizelar Armenia vulgais L. 1405 3 Dizelar Medicago sativa L 1405 4 Dizelar Populus nigra nigra (L.) 1405 5 Dizelar Pronus persicus (L.) 1405 6 Dizelar Fraxinus rotundifolia L. 1405 7 Dizelar Light trap 1405 8 Dizelar Weeds 1405 9 Dizelar Ground 1405 10 Koushk Apple orchards 1410 11 Koushk Medicago sativa L. 1410 Table 1. Continued 12 Koushk Populus nigra nigra (L.) 1410 13 Koushk Weeds 1410 14 Koushk Light trap 1410 15 Koushk Convolvulus arvensis L. 1410 16 Koushk Bromus sp. 1410 17 Koushk Mentha piperita L. 1410 18 Koushk Pronus persicus (L.) 1410 19 Shend Abad Convolvulus arvensis L. 1400 20 Shend Abad Triticum sp. 1410 21 Shend Abad Apple Orchards 1410 22 Shend Abad Populus sp. 1410 23 Shend Abad Medicago sativa L. 1410 24 Shend Abad Fraxinus rotundifolia L. 1410 25 Shend Abad Water 1410 26 Shend Abad Light trap 1410 27 Shend Abad Ground 1410 28 Shend Abad Weeds 1410 29 Shend Abad Armenia vulgais L. 1410 30 Shend Abad Solanum sp. 1410 31 Shend Abad Salix sp. 1410 32 Shend Abad Cucurbitaceae 1410 33 Shend Abad Umbeliferae family plants 1410 34 Shend Abad Brassica sp. 1410 Table 1. Continued 35 Shend Abad Pronus cerasus L. 1410 36 Shend Abad P. divaricata capica K.-E. 1410 37 Shend Abad P. persica (L.) 1410 38 Shend Abad Morus sp. 1410 39 Shengel Abad Triticum vulgare Vill. 1410 40 Shengel Abad Solanum sp. 1410 41 Shengel Abad Amygdalus communis L. 1410 42 Shengel Abad Medicago sativa L. 1410 43 Shengel Abad Fraxinus rotundifolia L. 1410 44 Shengel Abad Light trap 1410 45 Shengel Abad Water 1410 46 Shengel Abad Ground 1410 47 Shengel Abad Armenia vulgais L 1410 48 Shengel Abad Pronus cerasus L 1410 49 Shengel Abad P. divaricata K.-E. 1410 50 Shengel Abad P. persica (L.) 1410 51 Shengel Abad Helianthus annuus L. 1410 52 Shengel Abad Cucurbitaceae family plants 1410

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Results and Discussion

Forty-six species belonging to the infraorders Nepomorpha, Cimicomorpha and Pentatomorpha were identified. During perennial following of entomofauna study in Shend Abad region and environ, 46 species in 15 families of infraorders Nepomorpha, Cimicomorpha and Pentatomorpha were identified.Families and the number of species are as follows:Notonectidae 1, Tingidae 1, Miridae 4, Nabidae 1, Anthocoridae 2, Reduviidae 4, Berytidae 1, Lygaeidae 4, Pyrrhocoridae 2, Stenocephalidae 1, Coreidae 4, Rhopalidae 3, Cydnidae 2, Scutelleridae 2, Pentatomidae 12. In this study, a total of 378 specimens, belonging to 15 families of the infraorders Nepomorpha, Cimicomorpha and Pentatomorpha were collected.The most abundant families were Miridae (22.75% of the catches), Pentatomidae (16.40%) and Anthocoridae(10.05%). Sample number of the families accounted all together for 49.20 % of the catches (Figure 1).

Table 2. Species of the collected Heteroptera from Shend Abad region and environ (numbers for the Localities (L) refer to sampling sites listed in Table 1; L= localities; Ny= Nymphs). L ♂ ♀ Ny Date I.Infraorder: NEPOMORPHA Popov, 1968 NOTONECTIDAE Latreille, 1802 Notonecta glauca Linnaeus, 1758 25 1 2 - 11.08.2006 45 1 - - 09.07.2006 II.Infraorder: CIMICOMORPHA Leston, Pendergrast & Southwood, 1954 TINGIDAE Laporte, 1877 Stephanitis pyri (Fabricius, 1775) Table 2. Continued 18 1 - - 19.05.2006 24 3 1 - 15.05.2006 43 1 - - 24.06.2007 MIRIDAE Hahn, 1831 Adelphocoris lineolatus Geoze, 1778 3 2 - - 21.06.2006 11 6 4 1 03.07.2006 23 4 1 - 15.09.2006 42 3 2 - 19.06.2007 Deraeocoris punctulatus, (Fallen, 1801) 6 1 - - 19.05.2007 8 2 - 3 17.05.2006 31 3 1 - 04.05.2006 32 1 - - 28.04.2006 52 1 3 - 05.06.2006 Lygus rugulipennis Poppius, 1911 3 6 4 4 12.06.2006 11 3 - - 14.05.2006 23 1 2 1 23.07.2007 32 7 3 - 19.06.2007 42 3 2 - 19.06.2007 52 6 3 - 11.07.2006

Table 2. Continued Notostira elongata (Geoffroy, 1785) 13 1 - 2 09.07.2006 28 3 1 1 04.08.2006 NABIDAE Costa, 1852 Nabis Pseudoferrus Remane, 1949 1 3 2 - 06.04.2007 3 1 1 - 09.06.2007 17 1 1 - 14.05.2006

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ANTHOCORIDAE Fieber, 1836 Anthocoris nemorum (Linnaeus, 1761) 12 1 - - 06.05.2006 16 1 - - 02.04.2006 21 2 5 2 18.04.2006 A. nemoralis (Fabricius, 1794) 5 5 2 1 09.07.2006 28 3 1 - 16.04.2007 38 2 2 - 23.04.2007 40 4 - 5 12.05.2007 REDUVIIDAE Latreille, 1807 Coriomeris affinis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1839) 10 2 4 - 19.07.2006

Table 2. Continued 48 1 1 - 04.09.2006 Ectomocoris ululans (Rossi, 1790) 36 1 - - 11.06.2006 37 3 5 - 11.06.2006 Ploiaria matilei Dipsons and Villiers, 1967 46 4 2 1 02.08.2007 49 2 - - 11.08.2007 52 1 1 - 11.08.2007 Reduvius pallipes Klug, 1830 37 2 1 - 11.08.2007 III. Infraorder:PENTATOMORPHA Leston, Pendergrast and Southwood,1954 BERYTIDAE Fieber, 1851 Neides tipularius (Linnaeus, 1758) 25 3 2 - 10.06.2006 LYGAEIDAE Schilling, 1829 Emblethis ciliatus Horváth, 1875 9 2 1 1 25.07.2007 46 3 - - 06.07.2007

Table 2. Continued Lamprodema maurum (Fabricius, 1803) 15 3 1 - 11.08.2007 34 2 1 - 15.06.2007

Lethaeus picipe (Herrich-Schäffer, 1850) 30 4 1 1 15.06.2007 51 2 - - 13.8.2007 Peritrechus rhomboidalis Puton, 1877 19 2 1 - 16.08.2007 27 3 1 - 04.07.2006 PYRRHOCORIDAE Dohrn, 1859 Pyrrhocoris apterus Linnaeus, 1768 13 4 2 - 13.05.2006 51 - 1 - 18.07.2007 P. marginatus (Kolenati, 1845) 27 5 3 - 15.07.2006 32 1 1 - 20.06.2006 STENOCEPHALIDAE Dallas, 1852 Dicranocephalus setulosus (Ferrari, 1874) 8 1 - - 25.07.2007

COREIDAE Leach, 1815

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Coreus marginatus Linnaeus, 1758 28 2 1 - 21.05.2006

Table2. Continued 8 3 1 1 25.07.2007 46 2 - - 06.07.2006 Coriomeris scabricornis (Panzer, 1809) 13 1 - - 09.7.2007 Phyllomorpha lacerata Herrich –Shaffer, 1835 9 3 1 - 25.07.2007 27 1 2 - 19.06.2006 46 1 - 1 02.08.2007 Camptopus lateralis Germar, 1817 15.07.2006 - 5 3 13 28 2 1 1 16.04.2007 42 2 2 - 19.07.2007 RHOPALIDAE Amyot and Serville, 1843 Corizus hyoscyami Linnaeus, 1758 10 4 1 1 11.07.2006 46 2 - 2 02.08.2007 Liorhyssus hyalinus (Fabricius ,1794 ) 28 3 2 - 16.04.2007 Maccevethus caucasicus (Kolenati, 1845) 9 3 1 - 25.07.2007 28 1 - - 16.04.2007

Table 2. Continued CYDNIDAE Billberg, 1820 Cydnus aterrimus Foster, 1771 7 - 1 - 27.07.2007 14 2 1 - 26.06.2006 26 1 - - 04.08.2006 44 2 2 - 18.08.2006 Tritomegas sexmaculatus (Rambur, 1839) 28 1 1 - 21.07.2007 SCUTELLERIDAE Leach, 1815 Eurygaster integriceps Puton, 1886 20 2 3 1 11.05.2006 6 4 3 - 08.06.206 Eurygaster maura (Linnaeus, 1758) 39 2 1 1 08.07.2007 PENTATOMIDAE Leach, 1815 Aelia rostrata Bohemann, 1852 13 2 2 - 09.06.2006 20 2 - 1 27.06.2006 28 3 1 13.08.2006 Antheminia lunulata (Goeze, 1778) 13 1 - - 09.06.2006

Table 2. Continued Apodiphus amygdali Germar, 1817 2 1 - 1 11.07.2006 4 2 - - 16.02.2006 29 1 - 19.07.2007 41 1 1 - 02.08.2006 47 1 1 1 17.09.2006 Brachynema germari (Kolenati, 1846) 28 2 - - 13.08.2006

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Carpocoris fuscispinus (Bohemann, 1849) 22 1 - - 12.05.2007 42 2 1 - 16.06.2006 Carpocoris lunata Fallen, 1852 28 3 1 - 15.06.2006 50 1 1 - 10.05.2006 Carpocoris purpureipennis (DeGeer, 1773) 23 1 1 - 03.09.2007 35 1 - - 12.08.2006 Carpocoris coreanus Distant, 1899 11 1 1 2 19.07.200 Eurydema ornatum (Linnaeus, 1758) 34 2 - 1 16.05.2006

Table2. Continued 52 3 - - 23.06.2006 Graphosoma lineatum (Linnaeuse, 1758) 33 3 2 2 15.06.2006 15 2 1 - 09.06.2006 30 1 - - 13.07.2006 Neottiglossa irana Wagner, 1963 28 1 - 1 16.04.2007 Palomena prasina (Linnaeus, 1761) 46 1 - 1 04.07.2006 Sciocoris sulcatus Fieber, 1851 20 2 1 - 03.05.2007 28 1 - - 16.04.2007

Stenocephalidae Ntonectidae Berytidae Tingidae Nabidae Cydnidae Pyrrhocoridae Rhopalidae Scutelleridae Lygaeidae Reduviidae Coreidae Anthocoridae Pentatomidae Miridae 0 20 40 60 80 100

Figure 1.Number of the Heteroptera families sampled in 2006 - 2007.

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