General Report on the Activities of the European Union Gnrl Report General 2010 Nteatvte Fteerpa No — on the Activities of the European Union 2010
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
NA-AD-11-001-EN-C ISSN ISSN 1608-7321 GENERAL REPORT ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION GENERAL GENERAL REPORT 2010 ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION UNION EUROPEAN THE OF ACTIVITIES THE ON — 2010 doi:10.2775/59174 EN EUROPEAN COMMISSION Price (excluding VAT) in Luxembourg: EUR 7 The European Union 0500 km Açores (PT) Reykjavík Ísland Madeira (PT) Canarias (ES) Guadeloupe (FR) Martinique (FR) Suomi Paramaribo Finland Guyane Norge Suriname Réunion (FR) (FR) Helsinki Brasil Helsingfors Oslo Sverige Stockholm Tallinn Rossija Eesti Moskva United Kingdom RƯga Latvija Danmark Baile Átha Cliath Éire København Dublin Lietuva Ireland Vilnius R. Minsk Nederland Belarus' London Qazaqstan Amsterdam Berlin Warszawa België Brussel Polska Bruxelles Deutschland Belgique Kyïv Luxembourg Praha Paris Ukraʀna Luxembourg ýeská republika Slovensko Bratislava Wien Moldova France Schweiz Liechtenstein Budapest Bern Suisse Österreich Chiúinău Svizzera Magyarország Slovenija Ljubljana Zagreb România Hrvatska Sakartvelo Tbilisi Bucureúti Bosna i Beograd Azԥrbaycan San Marino Hercegovina Portugal Monaco Srbija Haʀastan General Report on the Activities of the European Union — 2010 Andorra Sarajevo Ȼɴɥɝɚɪɢɹ Yerevan Crna Priština Bulgaria (Azԥr.) Madrid Gora Lisboa Italia Kosovo ɋɨɮɢɹ Roma Podgorica * UNSCR 1244 Sofia Iran Skopje European Commission España Città del Vaticano Tiranë P.J.R.M. Shqipëria Ankara Directorate-General for Communication Türkiye ǼȜȜȐįĮ Publications Ellada ǹșȒȞĮȚ Athinai Alger 1049 Brussels Souriya Rabat Tunis ȁİȣțȦıȓĮ ȀȪʌȡȠȢ Lefkosia Iraq Lefkosa El Maghreb El Djazâir Valletta Kypros BELGIUM Tounis Malta Kibris Libnan Beyrouth Dimashq Member States of the European Union (2011) The General Report on the Activities of the European Union — 2010 Candidate countries was adopted by the European Commission on 16 February 2011 under reference number SEC(2011) 189. http://europa.eu/generalreport/en/welcome.htm Cover illustration: © Corbis 2011 — 136 pp. — 21 × 29.7 cm ISBN 978-92-79-17464-3 doi:10.2775/59174 Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2011 © European Union, 2011 Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. For any use or reproduction of individual photos, permission must be sought directly from the copyright holders. Printed in Belgium PRINTED ON ELEMENTAL CHLORINE-FREE BLEACHED PAPER (ECF) Price (excluding VAT) in Luxembourg: EUR 7 GENERAL REPORT ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 2010 CONTENTS FOREWORD 4 1 DRIVING TOWARDS RECOVERY 6 ECONOMIC RECOVERY AND STRENGTHENED GOVERNANCE 8 SUPPORTING MEMBER STATES IN NEED 9 STRENGTHENED ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE 12 FINANCE AND COMPETITION AT THE SERVICE OF CITIZENS 16 THE NEW FINANCIAL SUPERVISION ARCHITECTURE 16 REFORMS TO FINANCIAL REGULATION 17 COMPETITION POLICY SHAPING RESPONSES 19 GLOBAL RECOVERY AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION 21 THE EUROPE 2020 STRATEGY — SMART, SUSTAINABLE AND INCLUSIVE GROWTH 22 UNLEASHING EUROPE’S POTENTIAL THE SEVEN FLAGSHIPS 23 RELAUNCHING THE SINGLE MARKET 30 2 A CITIZENS’ AGENDA: PUTTING PEOPLE AT THE HEART OF EUROPEAN ACTION 34 AN AREA OF FREEDOM, SECURITY AND JUSTICE FOR CITIZENS 36 BUILDING A CITIZENS’ EUROPE: JUSTICE, FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND CITIZENSHIP 38 HOME AFFAIRS: AN OPEN AND SECURE EUROPE 44 INVOLVING CITIZENS AND EASING EVERYDAY CONCERNS 49 SERVICES 49 HEALTH AND CONSUMERS 51 BENEFITING FROM A FAIR MARKET 54 SOCIAL RIGHTS 56 EDUCATION AND CULTURE 58 CIVIL PROTECTION 60 PASSENGERS’ RIGHTS AND TRANSPORT 60 3 ENERGY, CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENT 64 ENERGY 66 ENERGY INFRASTRUCTURE 67 ENERGY EFFICIENCY 68 RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES AND TECHNOLOGIES 69 NUCLEAR ENERGY 71 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND SECURITY OF ENERGY SUPPLY 71 AN EFFICIENT MARKET 72 CLIMATE ACTION 73 FROM COPENHAGEN TO CANCÚN 75 THE CANCÚN OUTCOME 76 2 ENVIRONMENT 77 BIODIVERSITY 77 ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY 78 SUSTAINABLE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES AND SEAS 79 4 THE EU IN THE WORLD 84 PROMOTING MULTILATERAL GOVERNANCE 86 STRENGTHENING STRATEGIC ALLIANCES 87 PROMOTING PEACE, SECURITY AND HUMAN RIGHTS 91 TRADE — DOING BUSINESS AROUND THE WORLD 95 ENLARGEMENT 99 EUROPEAN NEIGHBOURHOOD POLICY 102 RESPONDING TO HUMANITARIAN CRISES 103 DEVELOPMENT COOPERATION 105 5 MAKING THE EU MORE DEMOCRATIC, EFFICIENT AND ACCOUNTABLE 110 IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LISBON TREATY 112 THE EU INSTITUTIONS 113 THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT 113 PROJECT EUROPE 2030 114 THE EUROPEAN COUNCIL 114 THE COUNCIL 114 THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION 115 THE NATIONAL PARLIAMENTS 118 THE COURT OF JUSTICE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION 119 THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE 121 THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS 121 THE EUROPEAN OMBUDSMAN 122 OTHER INSTITUTIONS 122 AGENCIES 122 EFFICIENCY AND TRANSPARENCY 123 SMART REGULATION 123 MANAGING THE QUALITY OF LEGISLATION THROUGHOUT THE POLICY CYCLE 124 IMPROVING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF EU LEGISLATION 125 PROTECTION OF THE EU’S FINANCIAL INTERESTS AND FIGHT AGAINST FRAUD 126 MORE TRANSPARENCY 128 THE EU BUDGET 2011 128 CHRONOLOGY 132 3 GENERAL REPORT 2010 | CONTENTS FOREWORD I will remember 2010 as one of the most eventful years in the history of the European Union. The year was dominated by the sovereign debt crisis aff ecting the euro area. At times, it was diffi cult to see what would happen next. At times, we were stretched to our limits. At times, we had to take exceptional measures. That we weathered the storm is a testament to the determination and solidarity that exists in the European Union. The sovereign debt crisis has shown that we are more interdependent than ever before. A problem in one country can quickly become a problem for everyone. And the response of one government has a direct bearing on the options for other governments, whether in or outside the euro area. That is why we have reacted with a strong determination to deliver fi scal consolidation, not as an end in itself, but as a means of securing our future growth, jobs and prosperity. We are learning from the mistakes of the past by introducing decisions that alter the way we all behave in the future. In 2010, we approved the fi nancial programmes for Greece and Ireland and guaranteed the stability of the euro. The agreement on a safety net of €750 billion in May and the commitment to a permanent crisis fund from 2013 were the crucial steps to provide the stability needed. It has led to the commitment from all 27 Member States that we must not fi nd ourselves in this situation again. That is why the Commission has presented legislative © European Union © European proposals for a new economic governance approach. I hope that our monetary union will soon be complemented with the long overdue economic union. We have also brought eff ective supervision and regulation to our fi nancial markets. One year ago, few would have believed that we would have a new system of supervision for our fi nancial markets in place from 1 January 2011. I strongly believe this is one of the best examples of how Europe can show it is delivering change. As we look forward to the year ahead, it is clear that 2011 will defi ne the sort of Europe that emerges in the future. Building the economic recovery will be just as important in the next 12 months. Fiscal consolidation, structural reforms and growth-related reforms must be the priority. A central part of our new approach will be the new European semester, which combines tighter fi scal rules, by reinforcing the Stability and Growth Pact, with eff ective economic coordination. This, together with adoption of the Commission’s proposals on economic governance, before the summer, will be a quantum leap in terms of how we deal with economic issues in Europe. From energy to innovation, from the digital agenda to education, from industry to the environment, we need to stimulate growth in Europe’s new economy. We cannot go back to the imbalances that existed before the crisis. Only through new forms of growth will we see a return of confi dence and the creation of new jobs. The Commission will make proposals in every one of these areas so that we have a medium-term strategy to back up our short-term crisis management. 4 During the last 12 months, we have kicked off the debate on how Europe can best invest its resources. I want to see the European Union concentrate on action that helps our economies grow and stimulates jobs. We need to invest our money where we get most value for it. And we should invest it where it leverages growth and delivers on our European agenda. The quality of expenditure should be the yardstick for us all. My approach is that the European Union must provide value added and deliver real benefi ts to its citizens. We need to increase the benefi ts for citizens and businesses that are brought from the single market. We need to protect consumers better and make sure that companies are able to compete fairly across borders. Europe must also have a single market of citizens’ rights and values. A fundamental dimension of our Europe is building an area of freedom, security and justice. We are working hard to implement the Stockholm action plan. We will make a real push on asylum and legal and illegal migration. How Europe can better project itself politically and economically in the world has never been more important. As the strategic partnerships of the 21st century emerge, Europe should seize the chance to defi ne its future. I am impatient to see the Union play the role in global aff airs that matches its economic weight. Our partners are watching and are expecting us to engage as Europe, not just as 27 individual countries. The establishment of the European External Action Service is a major step forward in bringing coherence to our external action. From the G20 to the development agenda for the millennium development goals, I am proud to say the Commission is now contributing to a much more assertive role of the European Union.