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View Point on All My Projects, Which Only Added to Their Impact in the Science Community And, Ultimately, My Entire Learning Experience Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2016 Effects of Shroom Tech Sport Supplementation and Concurrent Training on Body Composition, Performance, and Health in Collegiate-Aged Men Vince C. (Vince Carter) Kreipke Follow this and additional works at the DigiNole: FSU's Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF HUMAN SCIENCES EFFECTS OF SHROOM TECH SPORT SUPPLEMENTATION AND CONCURRENT TRAINING ON BODY COMPOSITION, PERFORMANCE, AND HEALTH IN COLLEGIATE-AGED MEN By VINCE C. KREIPKE A Dissertation submitted to The Department of Nutrition, Food & Exercise Sciences In partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2016 Vince C. Kreipke defended this dissertation on October 28, 2016. The members of the supervisory committee were: Michael J. Ormsbee Professor Co-Directing Dissertation Robert J. Moffatt Professor Co-Directing Dissertation James Whyte IV University Representative Jeong Su Kim Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the dissertation has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii This dissertation is dedicated to my family (Christine Kreipke, Tyler Kreipke, Donald Kreipke, and Shirley Kreipke) and friends. Your love and support has been my rock throughout this journey. Without you, none of this would be possible. Thank you. I love you all. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Dr. Michael Ormsbee: It was an unexpected blessing to end up working in your lab. I can truly say that your mentorship and friendship were invaluable during my time at Florida State University. I owe most of my academic success to your continued support. Thank you for always demanding my best. Our time together will always to be held close as I grow in this next stage of my life. Dr. Robert Moffatt: If it were not for you, I would have never had the opportunity to even start this process. Thank you for taking a chance on me. Thank you for encouraging me to pursue my passions in human physiology. Without your support, I would have never come to realize my potential and my true passions. Dr. Jeong-Su Kim: Thank you for serving on my committee and always having an open door. Your insight has been pivotal to the entirety of my time at Florida State University. You always seemed to have a different view point on all my projects, which only added to their impact in the science community and, ultimately, my entire learning experience. Dr. James Whyte IV: Though we spent more time together on the mat than in the classroom or office, the lessons I learned from you were still priceless. Thank you for your continued support and encouragement. I will never forget our time together. Jarret Leech: Thank you for your continued support with your contribution of product and funding for my projects. Without your continued gifts, none of my projects would have been possible. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... viii LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... ix ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................... x CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Purpose .................................................................................................................................. 3 1.3 Specific Aims ........................................................................................................................ 3 1.4 Research Hypotheses............................................................................................................. 4 1.5 Assumptions .......................................................................................................................... 4 1.6 Delimitations ......................................................................................................................... 5 1.7 Limitations ............................................................................................................................ 5 1.8 Definition of Terms ............................................................................................................... 6 CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE ................................................................................... 7 2.1 Skeletal Muscle Plasticity ..................................................................................................... 7 2.1.1 Hypertrophy .................................................................................................................... 7 2.1.2 Skeletal Muscle Degradation .......................................................................................... 9 2.1.3 Mitochondrial Biogenesis ............................................................................................. 11 2.1.4 Fiber Type Shifting ....................................................................................................... 14 2.1.5 Evidence Supporting the Interference Theory .............................................................. 17 2.2 Influence of Concurrent Training on Body Composition, Performance and Hormones .... 21 2.2.1 Body Composition ........................................................................................................ 21 2.2.2 Performance .................................................................................................................. 24 2.2.3 Hormonal Responses .................................................................................................... 30 2.3 Influence of Nutritional Supplementation on Body Composition, Strength and Power ..... 55 2.3.1 Primary Ingredients: Creatine Monohydrate, Caffeine, Beta-Alanine and Branch Chain Amino Acids .......................................................................................................................... 55 2.3.2 Rhodiola Rosea ............................................................................................................. 56 2.3.3 Cordyceps Sinensis ....................................................................................................... 58 CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH DESIGN & METHODOLOGY........................................................ 61 3.1 Experimental Approach to the Problem .............................................................................. 61 v 3.2 Subjects ............................................................................................................................... 61 3.3 Procedures ........................................................................................................................... 61 3.3.1 Laboratory Testing ....................................................................................................... 61 3.3.2 Questionnaires .............................................................................................................. 62 3.3.4 Blood Pressure and Heart Rate ..................................................................................... 63 3.3.5 Anthropometrics and Body Composition ..................................................................... 63 3.3.6 Blood Sampling and Analysis ...................................................................................... 63 3.3.7 Strength Testing ............................................................................................................ 63 3.3.8 Power Testing ............................................................................................................... 65 3.3.9 Lactate Threshold and VO2max Testing ...................................................................... 65 3.3.10 Dietary Analysis ......................................................................................................... 66 3.3.11 Training Protocol ........................................................................................................ 67 3.3.12 Supplementation Protocol........................................................................................... 69 3.4 Statistical Analysis .............................................................................................................. 70 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS ............................................................................................................... 71 4.1 Participants and Compliance ............................................................................................... 71 4.2 Mood State Questionnaire ................................................................................................... 71 4.3 Anthropometrics .................................................................................................................. 72 4.4 Testing Performance ........................................................................................................... 73 4.4.1 Strength and Power Performance ................................................................................. 73 4.4.2 VO2max .......................................................................................................................
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