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Mocenské Zájmy a Vliv ČLR V ČR

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Mocenské Zájmy a Vliv ČLR V ČR CEVRO INSTITUT Bakalářská práce POLITOLOGIE A MEZINÁRODNÍ VZTAHY Mocenské zájmy a vliv ČLR v ČR Autor: Milan Trieu Vedoucí bakalářské práce: PhDr. Pavel Pšeja, Ph.D. Praha 2021 Čestné prohlášení Prohlasuji, ze jsem bakalářskou práci zpracoval samostatne a vyznacil v ni veskere pouzite zdroje informaci. V Praze, 27. dubna 2021 ……………………………… age Podpis 2 Poděkování Na tomto miste bych rád vyjádřila vřele podekováni svemu vedoucimu PhDr. Pavlu Psejovi za cenne rady a připominky. 3 1. Obsah 1. Obsah ................................................................................................................. 4 2. Úvod ................................................................................................................... 6 3. Metodologie ..................................................................................................... 10 4. Čínské společnosti v ČR ...................................................................................13 4.1. CITIC (CITIC GROUP) ................................................................................................ 17 4.1.1. Žung I-zen ............................................................................................................................................18 4.1.2. CITIC Group v ČR ..............................................................................................................................19 4.2. CEFC ......................................................................................................................... 20 4.2.1. CEFC v ČR ..........................................................................................................................................20 4.2.2. Jie Ťien-ming .......................................................................................................................................24 4.2.3. Partnerstvi pro vsechny .......................................................................................................................26 4.2.4. Postupný pád .......................................................................................................................................29 5. Čínské investice a vliv ...................................................................................... 36 5.1. ČLR VS. TCHAJ-WAN ................................................................................................... 39 5.2. OBCHODNÍ VZTAHY ..................................................................................................... 41 5.3. JEDEN PÁS, JEDNA CESTA .............................................................................................. 43 6. HUAWEI .......................................................................................................... 46 6.1. PROBLEMATIKA 5G SÍTÍ ............................................................................................... 49 6.2. DŮVĚRYHODNÝ PARTNER ............................................................................................. 50 6.3. HUAWEI A ČR ............................................................................................................. 54 7. PPF ................................................................................................................... 58 7.1. C&B REPUTATION MANAGEMENT ................................................................................ 59 7.1.1. C&B a politici......................................................................................................................................63 7.2. OBVINĚNÍ PPF ............................................................................................................ 66 8. Čínské vlivové operace .................................................................................... 68 8.1. ČÍNŠTÍ PŘÁTELÉ NA UNIVERZITÁCH ............................................................................... 69 8.1.1. Konfuciovy instituty ...........................................................................................................................70 8.1.2. Cenzura, nátlak, propaganda ..............................................................................................................75 8.1.3. Akademická spionáz ...........................................................................................................................78 8.2. ČÍNA A MÉDIA ............................................................................................................. 84 8.2.1. Analýza ceských medii .......................................................................................................................88 8.3. ČÍNA A ČESKÁ VEŘEJNOST ............................................................................................ 95 8.3.1. Průzkum CEIAS a Sinofon .................................................................................................................95 8.3.2. Globsec průzkum.............................................................................................................................. 104 8.4. ČÍNA A ČESKÁ POLITIKA ............................................................................................. 105 8.4.1. Analýza politicke debaty o Čine v Parlamentu ČR ........................................................................ 109 9. Obrana státu ................................................................................................... 119 9.1. BIS .......................................................................................................................... 120 4 9.1.1. Kauza Huawei .................................................................................................................................. 122 9.1.2. BIS varuje před Činou ..................................................................................................................... 127 9.2. NÚKIB .................................................................................................................... 128 9.2.1. Útok cinských hackerů na ceske instituce ...................................................................................... 132 9.3. ZHODNOCENÍ ZPRAVODAJSKÝCH SIL ČR ...................................................................... 134 10. Závěr ................................................................................................................ 137 11. Zdroje a prameny........................................................................................... 142 5 2. Úvod Tři desetileti hospodářske expanze udelal z Činy jednoho nejvlivnejsich hráce mezinárodniho spolecenstvi. Pryc jsou doby, kdy se vsichni posmesne divali na Činu skrz prsty, jako „ten chudý rozvojový stát“ s levnou pracovni silou. Ekonomický vzestup přinesl Čine vliv a moc, se kterým je nutno do budoucna pocitat. Navzdory ekonomickým úspechům a ohromnemu technologickemu, spolecenskemu vzestupu celi Čina stále mnoho problemů. Po vstupu do Svetove obchodni organizaci si svet naivne domnival, ze s ekonomickou liberalizaci přijde i proces demokratizace. Opak se stal pravdou, z Činy se stává vice uzavřený stát, jehoz vláda má absolutni kontrolu na veskerým tokem informaci smeřujici ven i dovnitř. Mrazivá skutecnost spocivá ve spolecenskou akceptaci permanentniho sledováni ze strany státu. Mezi lidmi a státem tak vznikla zvrácená forma „spolecenske smlouvy“. Činský lid vymenil svoje soukromi a svobodu za ekonomicke a materiálni výhody. Zcela opomijeji fakt, ze na západe oba tyto dva pojmy mohou vedle sebe koexistovat, bez toho, aby jedna druhou vylucoval. Jako kazdá jiná velmoc, i Čina usiluje o kus sveta, ve kterem můze uplatňovat svoji moc a vliv. Na rozdil od Ruska je vsak Čina mnohem trpelivejsi a mene agresivni. Dokáze mnohem lepe obratne vyuzit nove metody, ktere ji umozni vytvářet „dokonalý obraz“ Činy. Jedná se o postupnou zmenu narativu. Proti agresivnimu útocnikovi lze okamzite zasáhnout. Ihned je vsem stranám zřejme, kdo a co bylo cilem útoku. Problem lze rychle identifikovat a popsat. Mnohem horsi je ale celit nekomu, kdo se na prvni pohled tváři jako „přitel“, ale za zády úskocne hledá způsoby, jak Vám uskodit. Problematice cinskeho vlivu ve svete se jiz venuje mnoho odborniků a think-tanků z celeho sveta. Já se naopak budu venovat spise cesko-cinske otázce. Tato bakalářská práce se bude zabývat problematikou cinskeho vlivu ve vnitřnich zálezitosti ČR pocinaje od ekonomicke sfery, vnitropolitickem uspořádáni az po akademickou půdu. 6 Při hledáni relevantnich informaci jsem zjistil, ze nejvetsi mnozstvi dat ohledne cinských politických a ekonomických aktivit pocházi vetsinou z analýz a working paperů různých think-tanků, nezávislých výzkumných ústavů, akademických spolků a bezpecnostnich expertů publikujici v nekterých z mnoha svetových medii. Vztahy s Činou jsou z celosvetoveho pohledu velmi dynamicke. Co plati nyni, nemusi platit za půl roku. Z tohoto důvodu zádná knizni literatura, nedokáze tak rychle reflektovat dane události a pod mozstvim nových informaci můze vznikat nepřehledná mlha zkresleni. Nutno take zminit, ze podstatná cást informaci o aktivitách Činy máme k dispozici z vysetřovacich zpráv a analýz západnich zpravodajských sluzeb, popřipade vysetřovacich komisi. Obzvláste ze Spojených států, kde je cinská aktivita vůbec nejrozsáhlejsi, co do poctu a intenzity operaci. Vysvetleni je jednoduche, Spojene státy, jako stále svetový lidr je nejvetsim cinským rivalem, je tedy zcela logicke, ze nejvetsi úsili a energii bude cinská vláda vynakládat práve na územi Spojených států. Ve svetove
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