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Izazovi Pluralizma 1990-Ih Godina Četvrti „History Fest“ 2020. Izdavač: Udruženje Za Modernu Historiju / Udruga Za Modernu Povijest Sarajevo

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Izazovi Pluralizma 1990-Ih Godina Četvrti „History Fest“ 2020. Izdavač: Udruženje Za Modernu Historiju / Udruga Za Modernu Povijest Sarajevo Izazovi pluralizma 1990-ih godina Četvrti „History Fest“ 2020. Izdavač: Udruženje za modernu historiju / Udruga za modernu povijest Sarajevo Za izdavača: Husnija Kamberović Urednik: Husnija Kamberović ---------------------------------------- CIP - Katalogizacija u publikaciji Nacionalna i univerzitetska biblioteka Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo 94(497)(063)(082) HISTORY Fest (4 ; 2020 ; Sarajevo) Izazovi pluralizma 1990-ih godina / Četvrti History Fest, Sarajevo, 2.-5. septembra 2020. ; [urednik Husnija Kamberović]. - Sarajevo : Udruženje za modernu historiju = Udruga za modernu povijest, UMHIS, 2020. - 173 str. ; 19 x 19 cm ISBN 978-9926-477-04-2 COBISS.BH-ID 41247238 -------------------------------------- IZAZOVI PLURALIZMA 1990-IH GODINA Četvrti „History Fest“ 2020. Logo Udruženja Sarajevo, 2020. Realizaciju "History Festa" 2020. i štampanje zbornika omogućili: Sadržaj Predgovor (Husnija Kamberović) ....................................................................................... 7 RASPAD JUGOSLAVIJE I IZAZOVI PLURALIZMA ................................................. 9 Raspad Jugoslavije i politički pluralizam ........................................................................... 11 Politička pluralizacija u Bosni i Hercegovini početkom 1990-ih godina ............................ 47 HISTORIČARI U JAVNOSTI ................................................................................... 81 Istorija je nauka (Dubravka Stojanović) ............................................................................ 83 Potrebno je njegovati historiju kao kritičku znanost koja intervenira u javnim diskusijama (Hannes Grandits) .......................................................................... 93 Imam pravo iznositi svoje političke stavove u javnosti (Nikola Samardžić) ...................... 101 Kliofest i History Fest u virtualnom obliku imaju smisla (Damir Agičić) ........................... 107 5 RAZGOVORI S AUTORIMA ...................................................................................115 Islam, nacionalni identitet i politička lojalnost u Bosni i Hercegovini (Xavier Bougarel) ......................................................................... 117 Antiturski narativi i slike Bosne u britanskoj politici tokom druge polovice 19. stoljeća (Edin Radušić) ..................................................................... 125 Moderna istorija Crne Gore (Šerbo Rastoder) ................................................................ 139 Nacionalne manjine u Bosni i Hercegovini između dva svjetska rata (Enes S. Omerović) .................................................................. 149 Historiografija i nacionalizam (Amir Duranović) ............................................................ 163 6 PREDGOVOR Predgovor Četvrti po redu History Fest održan je od 2. do 5. septembra 2020. godine u online formatu. Glavna tema je bila politička pluralizacija u jugoistočnoj Evropi tokom 1990-ih godina. Zbog pandemije korona virusa broj događaja je maksimalno smanjen, jer veliki broj najavljenih učesnika nije mogao stići u Sarajevo, a neke diskusije su se mogle voditi samo uživo. Planirana Ljetna škola je odgođena, ali doktorska radionica je održana online. U doktorskoj radionici su sudjelovali slijedeći doktoranti: Marino Badurina, Svetozar Matejašev, Karlo Jurak, Una Blagojević, Dino Dupanović, Jovan Muhadinović, Georgi Todorov, Tina Filipović, Edin Omerčić, Dino Šakanović i Dražen Janko. U okviru History Festa smo imali dva velika panela (o različitim interpretacijama uzroka i procesa raspada Jugoslavije, te o političkoj pluralizaciji u Bosni i Hercegovini tokom 1990-ih godina), niz razgovora sa historičarima iz regiona i Evrope o ulozi historičara u javnosti, o historiografiji i nacionalizmu, o saradnji historičara iz Bosne i Hercegovine sa historičarima iz Evrope, te razgovore o nekim važnim historiografskim knjigama koje su se pojavile u posljednje vrijeme i koje imaju određenog uticaja na razvoj historiografije, a poseban dio je bila doktorska radionica, koja je vrlo važan sastavni dio Festa. U svakom od ovih dijelova Festa mogli smo čuti nove interpretacije i nove činjenice. Dobili smo i neke nove uvide u odnose među akterima na političkoj sceni početkom 1990-ih godina. Čuli smo svjedočenja o tome kako je Ante Marković pokušavao nagovoriti Nijaza Durakovića da vodi Savez reformista, 7 PREDGOVOR kako su tekli razgovori Nenada Kecmanovića sa tadašnjim liderima Saveza omladine, šta je bilo na stolu u razgovorima između rukovodstva Saveza komunista BiH i partijskog rukovodstva u Jugoslavenskoj narodnoj armiji i slično. U diskusijama o nešto širim kontekstima, dobili smo nove uvide u sudbinu turske manjine u Bugarskoj 1970-ih i 1980-ih godina, a posebno vrijedni su bili razgovori sa naučnicima iz regiona o ulozi historičara u javnosti, deklaraciji „Odbranimo historiju“, te o odnosu historiografije i nacionalizma. Time smo zadržali History Fest kao otvorenu platformu za dijalog i taj koncept ćemo dalje razvijati. To je, možda, na kraju History Festa najbolje kazao Hannes Grandits, profesor sa Univerziteta Humboldt u Berlinu, naglašavajući upravo ovu međunarodnu dimenziju kao važnu karakteristiku koja History Fest izmješta iz regionalnih okvira i daje mu znatno širi karakter. U ovoj knjizi objavljujemo diskusije sa dva panela, razgovore sa pojedinim historičarima o ulozi historičara u javnosti kao i razgovore sa autorima o njihovim knjigama. Želimo na ovaj način ostaviti pisani trag o jednoj važnoj manifestaciji održanoj u teškim okolnostima pandemije korona virusa. Nadamo se da će knjiga doprinijeti duhu saradnje naučnika ne samo sa postjugoslavenskih prostora nego i saradnje sa historičarima iz Evrope i svijeta. To je i misija History Festa. Na kraju želimo zahvaliti našim partnerima u organizaciji festivala i štampanju ove knjige: Fond Otvoreno društvo Bosna i Hercegovina, Heinrich Böll Stiftung, Friedrich Ebert Stiftung, ForumZFD i Ministarstvo kulture i sporta Kantona Sarajevo. Husnija Kamberović 8 RASPAD JUGOSLAVIJE I IZAZOVI PLURALIZMA RASPAD JUGOSLAVIJE I IZAZOVI PLURALIZMA Raspad Jugoslavije i politički pluralizam Edin Omerčić (EO): Dobar dan svima u ime organizatora, ispred Udruženja za modernu historiju iz Sarajeva, čiji su članovi nastojali i ove godine u Sarajevu okupiti jedan znatan broj historičara iz Bosne i Hercegovine, regiona, Evrope, ali nam se dogodila ova situacija sa pandemijom korona virusom. Okolnosti nam nisu išle u korist, pa smo morali kao krajnju mjeru ovaj panel i razgovor sa historičarima, sociolozima i politolozima o raspadu Jugoslavije i demokratizaciji, pluralizaciji društva organizirati na ovaj način, online. S nama je danas Sabina Veladžić, naučna saradnica iz Instituta za historiju Univerziteta u Sarajevu, koja se u svom dosadašnjem naučnom angažmanu bavila homogenizacijom Bošnjaka, pitanjima identiteta, a doktorirala je o temi vezanoj za Bosnu i Hercegovinu i njene nacionalno-kulturne fenomene u javnim, naučnim raspravama i publicistici od sredine 1960-ih do sredine 1970-ih godina. U Ljubljani je s nama profesor Božo Repe, profesor sa Odsjeka za historiju u Ljubljani. Između ostalog je objavio knjige Jutri je nov dan, jednu seriju dokumenata o Sloveniji i raspadu Jugoslavije, prije otprilike dvadeset godina, a nedavno i knjigu o Milanu Kučanu. U Zagrebu je s nama profesor Dejan Jović, sa Fakulteta političkih znanosti. Autor je zapaženih knjiga, Jugoslavija, država koja je odumrla, te nedavno objavljene knjige Rat i mit. U Beogradu je s nama, profesor Jovo Bakić, sociolog, politolog, autor jedne knjige vezane za temu o kojoj danas razgovaramo. Knjiga nosi naslov Jugoslavija, razaranje i njegovi tumači, izašla je prije gotovo 10 godina, a proizašla je iz istraživanja za doktorsku 11 Raspad Jugoslavije i politički pluralizam disertaciju. A u Sarajevu je s nama u ulozi domaćina profesor Husnija Kamberović, koji je davno, davno nekad objavio knjigu koja je proizašla iz njegove magistarske teze, možda još uvijek aktuelna, ili je samo njen naslov aktuelan. Knjiga se zove Prema modernom društu, pa samo vrlo kratko: Da li smo došli na cilj – prema tom modernom društvu? Husnija Kamberović (HK): Bavio sam se počecima modernizacije, početkom puta ka modernizaciji, još uvijek smo na početku, napravimo i neki korak nazad, ali tu smo negdje. EO: I idemo prema nazad? Krenut ćemo s pitanjem za kolegicu Veladžić. Krećem od stava da su glavnim akterima događanja i u Hrvatskoj i u Srbiji bila gotovo nepoznata ili nisu bila dovoljno poznata onovremena kretanja unutar ne samo političke, nego, što je možda kasnije bilo važnije, intelektualne, kulturne i vjerske elite u Bosni i Hercegovini, naročito kretanja koja se dešavaju među Muslimanima, odnosno kretanja među bošnjačkom elitom. Kakvi su onovremeni, s kraja 1980-ih godina, stavovi ove bošnjačke elite prema demokratizaciji i pluralizaciji društva? Kako je oni doživljavaju, shvaćaju i u kojem smjeru žele usmjeravati mogućnosti koje im se pružaju demokratizacijom? Sabina Veladžić (SV): Hvala Edine na pozivu i pitanju. Ne bih govorila o bošnjačkoj već o muslimanskoj političkoj eliti i, unutar nje, tj. unutar stranke SDA (koja je sebe onovremeno definirala kao pokret, implicirajući time zapravo omasovljenost i konsenzus u naklonosti koja je među Bošnjacima/Muslimanima postojala prema stranci) o tri grupe – muslimanskoj nacionalno-kulturnoj inteligenciji, mladomuslimanskoj grupi, te struji na čelu sa Adil-begom Zulfikarpašićem, kao zagovornikom bošnjaštva. Mislim da je primarni cilj mladomuslimanske grupe, koja je dominirala strankom,
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