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( 12 ) United States Patent US009745604B2 (12 ) United States Patent ( 10 ) Patent No. : US 9 ,745 , 604 B2 Medoff (45 ) Date of Patent: * Aug. 29 , 2017 ( 54 ) PROCESSING BIOMASS B01D 39 / 18 ( 2013. 01 ) ; C08H 8 / 00 ( 2013. 01 ) ; C08J 3 / 28 ( 2013 .01 ) ; C08L 1 /02 ( 2013 .01 ) ; ( 71 ) Applicant: Xyleco , Inc. , Wakefield , MA (US ) C08L 5 / 14 ( 2013 .01 ) ; C12P 7 /42 ( 2013. 01 ) ; (Continued ) ( 72 ) Inventor : Marshall Medoff, Brookline , MA (US ) (58 ) Field of Classification Search None ( 73 ) Assignee : Xyleco , Inc. , Wakefield ,MA (US ) See application file for complete search history. ( * ) Notice : Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 ( 56 ) References Cited U . S .C . 154 (b ) by 0 days . U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS This patent is subject to a terminal dis 1 ,920 ,129 A * 7 / 1933 Munroe . .. B65G 3 / 00 claimer . 34 / 518 3 , 352 ,773 A 11/ 1967 Schwartz et al. (21 ) Appl. No. : 15/ 040 ,318 ( Continued ) ( 22 ) Filed : Feb . 10 , 2016 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (65 ) Prior Publication Data CN 101041834 A 9 /2007 EP 2276795 A2 1 /2011 US 2016 /0165926 A1 Jun . 16 , 2016 ( Continued ) Related U .S . Application Data OTHER PUBLICATIONS (63 ) Continuation of application No . 14 /813 ,898 , filed on Jul. 30 , 2015 , which is a continuation of application Adams, “ Corn Stover as Feed for Cattle ” , Penn State College of (Continued ) Agricultural Sciences, Penn State Extension , Feb . 1 , 2002 ( 2 pages) . ( Continued ) (51 ) Int. Ci. A23K 50 / 10 ( 2016 .01 ) Primary Examiner - Chris R Tate A23K 10 / 30 ( 2016 .01 ) Assistant Examiner — Aaron J Kosar (Continued ) (74 ) Attorney, Agent, or Firm — Wilmer Cutler Pickering (52 ) U . S . CI. Hale and Dorr LLP ??? . .. .. .. C12P 7 /62 ( 2013 .01 ) ; A23K 10 / 12 ( 2016 .05 ) ; A23K 10 / 30 ( 2016 .05 ) ; A23K 10 / 37 ( 57 ) ABSTRACT ( 2016 .05 ) ; A23K 20 / 163 ( 2016 . 05 ) ; A23K Biomass ( e . g . , plant biomass , animal biomass , microbial, 20 / 189 (2016 .05 ) ; A23K 40 / 10 (2016 .05 ) ; and municipal waste biomass) is processed to produce useful A23K 50 / 10 (2016 .05 ) ; A23K 50 / 80 ( 2016 .05 ) ; products , such as food products and amino acids . A23L 5 / 00 (2016 .08 ) ; A23L 5 /30 (2016 .08 ) ; A61K 8 / 97 (2013 .01 ) ; A61Q 19 /00 ( 2013 .01 ) ; 13 Claims, 54 Drawing Sheets wwwwww9000000000000 w wwwwwwwwww MMMMMMANDAN SW BIOMASS A TREATMENT 000990 ( reducing racalcitrance levels ) odstidos 100 BIOCONVERSION XXX PRODUCTS GOOOOOooooowww . SAKSA oos US 9 ,745 ,604 B2 Page 2 Related U . S . Application Data 6 ,555 , 335 B14 / 2003 Saloheimo et al . 6 , 555 ,350 B2 4 /2003 Ahring et al. No . 14 /750 ,995 , filed on Jun . 25 , 2015 , which is a 6 , 620, 605 B2 9 /2003 Fowler et al . continuation of application No. 14 / 333 ,675 , filed on 6 , 808 , 600 B2 10 / 2004 Ross et al. Jul. 17 , 2014 , now Pat . No. 9 , 309, 545 , which is a 6 , 942 , 973 B2 9 /2005 Yaver et al. continuation of application No. 13 / 902 ,246 , filed on 7 , 005 , 508 B2 2 / 2006 Benedini et al. May 24 , 2013 , now Pat . No. 8 , 877 , 472 , which is a 7 ,408 , 056 B2 8 / 2008 Medoff et al. 7 , 846, 295 B1 12 / 2010 Medoff continuation of application No. 12 /417 , 900 , filed on 7 , 867, 358 B2 1 / 2011 Medoff Apr. 3 , 2009, now abandoned . 7 ,867 , 359 B2 1 / 2011 Medoff 7 , 900 , 857 B2 3 / 2011 Medoff (60 ) Provisional application No . 61/ 139, 453, filed on Dec . 7 , 931, 784 B2 4 / 2011 Medoff 7 , 932 , 065 B2 4 / 2011 Medoff 19 , 2008, provisional application No . 61/ 073 , 674 , 7 , 935 , 219 B2 5 / 2011 Medoff filed on Jun . 18 , 2008 , provisional application No . 8 , 052 , 838 B2 11/ 2011 Medoff 61/ 049 ,405 , filed on Apr. 30 , 2008 . 8, 070 ,912 B2 12 / 2011 Medoff 8 , 083, 906 B2 12 / 2011 Medoff (51 ) Int. Ci. 8 , 142 , 620 B2 3 / 2012 Medoff C12P 7762 ( 2006 .01 ) 8 , 147 , 655 B2 4 / 2012 Medoff A61Q 19 /00 ( 2006 .01 ) 8 , 168 , 038 B2 5 / 2012 Medoff A61K 8 / 97 ( 2017 .01 ) 8 , 212, 087 B2 7 / 2012 Medoff BOID 39 / 18 ( 2006 . 01 ) 8 , 221 , 585 B2 7 / 2012 Medoff 8 , 236 , 535 B2 8 / 2012 Medoff et al . C08H 8 / 00 ( 2010 .01 ) 8 ,377 , 668 B2 2 / 2013 Medoff et al . C08J 3 / 28 ( 2006 . 01 ) 8 , 418 , 944 B2 4 / 2013 Medoff C12P 19 /44 ( 2006 .01 ) 8 , 454 , 803 B2 6 / 2013 Medoff C13K 1 / 02 ( 2006 .01 ) 8 , 492, 128 B2 7 / 2013 Medoff C08L 1 / 02 ( 2006 .01 ) 8 ,597 ,921 B2 12 / 2013 Medoff CO8L 5 / 14 ( 2006 .01 ) 8 ,603 , 787 B2 12 / 2013 Medoff C12P 13 /04 8 , 835 , 142 B2 9 /2014 Medoff ( 2006 .01 ) 8 , 841 , 101 B2 * 9 /2014 Medoff A61K 8 /97 D21C 5 / 00 ( 2006 .01 ) 162 / 50 D21C 9 /00 ( 2006 .01 ) 8 ,945 , 245 B2 2 /2015 Bals et al. A23K 10 / 12 ( 2016 . 01 ) 9 ,078 ,461 B2 7 / 2015 Medoff A23K 10 /37 ( 2016 .01 ) 9 , 278 , 896 B1 * 3 / 2016 Medoff B01J 19 /085 A23K 20 / 163 ( 2016 . 01 ) 9 , 309 , 545 B2 4 / 2016 Medoff A23K 20 / 189 (2016 .01 ) 9 , 328 ,393 B2 * 5 /2016 Medoff . .. C13K 1/ 06 A23K 50 /80 2004 / 0005674 A11 / 2004 Duck et al. ( 2016 .01 ) 2004 / 0231060 A1 11/ 2004 Burdette et al . A23L 5 / 30 ( 2016 . 01 ) 2005 /0203291 A1 9 /2005 Svenson et al. C12P 7742 ( 2006 .01 ) 2006 / 0088922 AL 4 / 2006 Yang et al. A23L 5 / 00 ( 2016 .01 ) 2006 / 0251764 A 11/ 2006 Abbas et al. A23K 40 / 10 ( 2016 .01 ) 2007/ 0015855 AL 1 /2007 Medoff et al . A23K 50 / 75 ( 2016 .01 ) 2009 / 0286295 AL 11 /2009 Medoff et al . A23K 50 / 30 ( 2016 .01 ) 2010 / 0087687 A1 4 / 2010 Medoff 2010 /0093241 A1 4 / 2010 Medoff A23K 50 /40 ( 2016 .01 ) 2010 /0105119 Al 4 / 2010 Medoff (52 ) U . S . CI. 2010 / 0108567 A1 5 / 2010 Medoff ??? . .. .. C12P 13 /04 ( 2013 .01 ) ; C12P 19 /44 2010 /0124583 Al 5 / 2010 Medoff ( 2013 .01 ) ; C13K 1 /02 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; D21C 5 / 005 2010 / 0179315 A1 7 / 2010 Medoff ( 2013 .01 ) ; D21C 9 /001 (2013 .01 ) ; A23K 50 / 30 2010 /0200806 A1 8 /2010 Medoff et al . ( 2016 .05 ) ; A23K 50 /40 (2016 . 05 ) ; A23K 50 / 75 2010 / 0203495 A1 8 / 2010 Medoff et al . ( 2016 . 05 ) ; C12P 2201/ 00 ( 2013 .01 ) ; C12P 2010 /0206501 A1 8 /2010 Medoff 2010 / 0297720 A111/ 2010 Medoff et al . 2203 /00 (2013 .01 ) ; YO2E 50 / 10 ( 2013 .01 ) ; 2010 /0304440 A112 / 2010 Medoff YO2E 50 / 16 (2013 . 01 ) ; YO2E 50 / 17 ( 2013 . 01 ) ; 2011/ 0011960 AL 1 / 2011 Medoff YO2E 50 / 30 (2013 . 01 ) ; YO2P 60 / 877 ( 2015 . 11 ) 2011/ 0027837 A1 2 / 2011 Medoff 2011/ 0039317 A1 2 /2011 Medoff (56 ) References Cited 2011/ 0081335 A1 4 / 2011 Medoff 2011 /0081336 A1 4 /2011 Medoff U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS 2011 /0111456 AL 5 / 2011 Medoff 3 , 939 , 286 A 2 / 1976 Jelks 2011 /0139383 A1 6 / 2011 Medoff 4 , 268 , 505 A 5 / 1981 Yoshikumi et al. 2011/ 0155559 A1 6 / 2011 Medoff 4 , 274 , 163 A 6 / 1981 Malcom et al . 2011/ 0262985 A1 10 / 2011 Medoff 4 , 275 , 163 A 6 / 1981 Gallo 2011/ 0265991 A1 11/ 2011 Medoff 4 , 321 ,328 A 3 / 1982 Hoge 2011 /0287498 AL 11/ 2011 Medoff et al. 4 , 769 ,082 A 9 / 1988 Kumakura et al . 2012 /0003704 A1 1 / 2012 Medoff 5 , 122 , 598 A 6 / 1992 della Valle et al. 2012 /0052536 A1 3 / 2012 Medoff et al . 5 , 221, 357 A 6 / 1993 Brink 5 ,314 ,978 A 5 / 1994 Kim et al . 2012 / 0074337 A1 3 /2012 Medoff 5 ,417 , 824 A 5 / 1995 Greenbaum 2012 /0077247 A1 3 / 2012 Medoff 5 , 538 , 730 A 7 / 1996 Romeo et al. 2012 /0094358 A14 / 2012 Medoff 5 , 753 , 474 A 5 / 1998 Ramey 2012 /0100577 AL 4 /2012 Medoff et al. 6 ,011 ,008 A 1 / 2000 Domb et al. 2012 /0100586 A1 4 / 2012 Medoff et al . 6 , 334 , 347 B11 / 2002 Iscla 2012 /0142065 A1 6 / 2012 Medoff US 9 , 745 ,604 B2 Page 3 ( 56 ) References Cited Ghosh , P . and Singh , A . “ Physicochemical and Biological Treat ments for Enzymatic /Microbial Conversion of Lignocellulosic Bio U . S . PATENT DOCUMENTS mass ” Advances in Applied Microbiology , 1993 , 39, pp . 295 -333 . 2012 /0142068 A1 6 / 2012 Medoff Gromov , A . V “ VI Inter- University Conference on Electron Accel 2012 /0315675 A1 * 12/ 2012 Medoff . .. .. .. C08H 8 /00 erators ” Atomic Energy , Aug . 1966 , 21 ( 2 ) , pp . 143 - 145 . 435 / 99 Han et al . ( 1983 ) “ Effect of Gamma- Ray Irradiation on Alcohol 2015/ 0342224 A1* 12 / 2015 Medoff .. .. A23K 1 / 1653 Production from Corn ” , Biotechnol. Bioeng . 25 : 2631 -2640 ( Abstract ) . 426 /63 Han et al. , “ Chemical and Physical Properties of Sugarcane Bagasse FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS Irradiated with Gamma Rays, ” J. Agric . Food Chem . 1983 , 31 , 34 - 38 . 200200944 1 /2005 Ibrahim , M . N . M and Pearce , G . R . , “ Effects of Gamma Radiation on IN 200401988 8 /2006 the Composition and in Vitro Digestibility of Crop By -Products , " JP S5971700 A 4 / 1984 Agricultural Wastes , vol. 2 , 1980 , 253 - 259 . JP S59113856 A 6 / 1984 Ilan Levy et al ., “ Modification of Polysaccharides and Plant Cell KR 2002091479 12 / 2002 RU 2030155 Ci 3 / 1995 Wall by Endo - 1 , 4 ,Bet - Glucanase and Cellulose -Binding Binding SU 1262950 A1 5 / 1990 Domains, " Biomolecular Engineering , vol. 19 ( 1 ) , 2002 , pp . 17 - 30 . WO WO -01 / 15689 3 / 2001 Isono et al. , “ Ultrasonic Degradation of Waxy Rice Starch ” , Biosci WO WO -01 / 52620 7 / 2001 ence , Biotechnology , and Biochemistry , 58 ( 10 ) : 1799 - 1802 , 1994 .
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