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A Sacred and Mystical Island Anglesey's Amazing Stories Ynys

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Explore further Crwydro ymhellach This leaflet is one of a series exploring Mae’r daflen hon yn perthyn i gyfres sy’n Anglesey’s fascinating history. Three cyflwyno hanes hynod ddifyr Ynys Môn. more cover the north, east and west Ceir tair arall sy’n ymdrin yn fanylach â of the island in more detail, focusing gogledd, dwyrain a gorllewin yr ynys, gan on historic sites at and around ganolbwyntio ar safleoedd hanesyddol Amlwch, Beaumaris and Holyhead. yn ardaloedd Amlwch, Biwmares a ‘Anglesey’s Historic Places’ has the Chaergybi. Mae ‘Mannau Hanesyddol island’s top 12 ‘must-see’ heritage Môn’ yn cyflwyno ‘dwsin difyr’ o sites and there’s also an island-wide safleoedd treftadaeth yr ynys a cheir trail for families to explore the most taflen i deuluoedd sy’n cynnwys y exciting places for kids. llefydd mwyaf cyffrous i blant ar yr ynys. The leaflets are available locally or Mae’r taflenni hyn ar gael yn yr ardal you can download them from: neu gallwch eu lawrlwytho o: www.angleseyheritage.com www.angleseyheritage.com For more information about Anglesey’s Os hoffech wybod rhagor am hanes history, visit Oriel Ynys Môn, the yr ynys, ewch i Oriel Ynys Môn, sef award-winning museum and art gallery amgueddfa ac oriel gelf arbennig ger at Llangefni. It’s the perfect place to Llangefni. Mae’n lle gwych i ddysgu findout about the island, past and am yr ynys ddoe a heddiw a cheir yno present. A popular café and shop make siop a chaffi poblogaidd i ddenu pobl Oriel Ynys Môn great to visit, whatever boed law neu hindda. Mae mynediad the weather. Admission is free and it am ddim ac mae ar agor bob dydd ac is open daily except at Christmas. eithrio adeg y Nadolig. Tel: 01248 724444. Ffôn: 01248 724444. www.anglesey.gov.uk www.ynysmon.gov.uk www.angleseyheritage.com www.angleseyheritage.com Môn Mam Cymru - The Mae “Môn Mam Cymru - Guide to Anglesey is an The Guide to Anglesey” yn excellent guide to the island. gyflwyniad gwych i’r ynys. It is available from Oriel Mae ar gael o Oriel Ynys Môn Ynys Môn or from neu o www.llyfrau-magma.co.uk www.llyfrau-magma.co.uk & Mick Sharp. Wales Photolibrary Wales, Visit (2012) copyright © Crown Images Cadw, supplied by and Red Kite Environment. Associates Anglezarke Dixon by & written Designed A sacred and mystical island Ynys gysegredig a chyfriniol Ancient Celts believed that islands were magical places, where Credai’r hen Geltiaid bod ynysoedd yn llefydd hudolus, heb fod time stood still. Today’s visitors are often spellbound, fascinated by o dan ormes amser. Hyd heddiw, mae ymwelwyr yn aml yn cael eu cyfareddu Anglesey’s mystical landscape, with sacred sites dating back to the Stone Age. gan dirwedd cyfriniol Môn lle ceir llecynnau cysegredig yn dyddio yn ôl i Oes Ancient druids revered the island’s sacred groves and forests, and the Romans y Cerrig. Roedd y derwyddon gynt yn cyfrif bod gwigfaoedd a choedwigoedd deliberately destroyed these holy places when they invaded Anglesey in AD60 cysegredig ym Môn ac aeth y Rhufeiniaid ati’n fwriadol i ddinistrio’r rhain ar ôl and AD70. However the island’s sacred sites endured, with springs and wells goresgyn yr Ynys yn OC60 ac OC70. Fodd bynnag, ni lwyddwyd i ddileu’r being used for Christian baptisms from the fifth century. mannau cysegredig yn llwyr ac roedd Cristnogion yn bedyddio mewn ffynhonnau cysegredig o’r bumed ganrif ymlaen. Holy men and women, such as Dwynwen, Cain or Caffo, were worshipped as saints and remembered in the island’s place Roedd pobl fel Dwynwen, Cain a Caffo yn cael eu cyfrif yn names and folklore. Tucked into the patchwork of green seintiau. Tyfodd chwedlau o’u cwmpas ac enwyd llefydd fields, you’ll find gems of medieval churches and sober ar eu hôl. Yn swatio ynghanol clytwaith o gaeau Victorian chapels with resounding Biblical names. This ffrwythlon, fe welwch eglwysi canoloesol twt a landscape of sun and wind, storms and rocky shores has chapeli syber o Oes Fictoria ac arnynt enwau been a source of spiritual Beiblaidd parchus. Mae’r dirwedd arbennig, inspiration for thousands yr haul a’r glaw, y stormydd a’r glannau of years. creigiog wedi ysbrydoli pobl ers miloedd o flynyddoedd. come and discover dewch i ddarganfod Anglesey’s amazing stories straeon rhyfeddol Môn Origins Gwreiddiau Invasion & Change Goresgyn a Newid Walking in south Anglesey you’re in Wrth gerdded yn ne Môn, cawn In the Middle Ages the Welsh princes Yn y Canoloesoedd, roedd the midst of an ancient landscape. ein atgoffa’n barhaus o waith ein of Gwynedd ruled south Anglesey tywysogion Cymreig Gwynedd yn About 9,000 years ago Stone hynafiaid. Tua 9,000 o flynyddoedd from courts at Aberffraw and Llys llywodraethu de Môn o lysoedd yn Age hunters were making flint yn ôl, roedd helwyr Oes y Cerrig yn Rhosyr. Llywelyn the Great, greatest Aberffraw a Llys Rhosyr. Cyhoeddodd arrowheads at Aberffraw. The island’s gwneud pennau saethau fflint yn of all the Welsh princes issued a Llywelyn Fawr, y mwyaf o holl first farmers were raising Aberffraw. Roedd ffermwyr cyntaf charter from Rhosyr in 1237. After dywysogion Cymru, siarter o Rosyr henges and chambered yr ynys yn codi cylchoedd the English conquest of 1282, the ym 1237. Ar ôl y goncwest gan y tombs before the pridd neu hengorau, a new invaders built Beaumaris Castle. Saeson ym 1282, aeth y goresgynwyr pyramids were built beddrodau siambr cyn i’r An existing village, Llan-faes, was ati i godi Castell Biwmares. Cliriwyd in Egypt. They had pyramidau gael eu codi cleared to make way for the huge pentref Llan-faes i impressive skills – yn yr Aifft. Rhaid rhyfeddu fortress and the villagers were sent wneud lle ar gyfer the passage grave at eu sgiliau – mae’r to a new village - Newborough, y gaer enfawr at Bryn Celli Ddu is bedd cyntedd ym Mryn beside the dunes at ac anfonwyd y perfectly aligned to Celli Ddu wedi’i drefnu Rhosyr. pentrefwyr i bentref catch sunrise on the yn berffaith er mwyn dal newydd, Niwbwrch, Follow the story: summer solstice. codiad haul ar heuldro’r ger twyni Rhosyr. Llys Rhosyr haf. Follow the story: Explore Dilynwch y stori: Bryn Celli Ddu Dilynwch y stori: Newborough with Llys Rhosyr its medieval church Important ritual site and Bryn Celli Ddu Cewch grwydro and the court at burial chamber for our Safle defodol pwysig a siambr Niwbwrch, ei eglwys Llys Rhosyr. ancient ancestors. gladdu ein hen gyndadau. ganoloesol a Llys Rhosyr. Sacred Places Mannau Sanctaidd For thousands of years the peaceful life as a hermit on Ynys Llanddwyn. Ers miloedd o flynyddoedd, Dwynwen dri dymuniad. landscapes of south Anglesey have Today she is remembered as bu pobl yn dod i dde Môn i Gofynnodd am i Maelon gael ei provided an inspiring backdrop the Welsh patron saint of lovers. fwynhau’r heddwch, myfyrio ar ddadmer, am iddi hi gael aros for spiritual contemplation and Throughout Wales people send each faterion ysbrydol a chwilio am yn ddibriod ac am i Dduw roi discovery. The legacy includes other romantic cards on January wirioneddau mawr. Mae ffrwyth y hapusrwydd i bob gwir gariad. prehistoric tombs and medieval 25th - St Dwynwen’s Day. myfyrio ysbrydol hwn yn cynnwys Yna, treuliodd Dwynwen weddill ei churches. beddrodau cynhanesyddol ac hoes yn feudwy ar Ynys Llanddwyn. Follow the story: eglwysi canoloesol. Mae pobl yn cofio amdani heddiw St Dwynwen was a princess in the Ynys Llanddwyn fel nawddsant cariadon Cymru. 5th century. According to legend Follow the footsteps of Tywysoges o’r bumed ganrif Mae pobl ledled Cymru yn anfon she fell in love with a young man pilgrims to the island oedd Santes Dwynwen. Yn ôl y dedicated to St Dwynwen. cardiau rhamantus at ei gilydd ar called Maelon. When he tried to chwedl, syrthiodd mewn cariad Panoramic views of the 25 Ionawr - Dydd Santes Dwynwen. take advantage of her she prayed coast. â dyn ifanc o’r enw Maelon. Pan for help. An angel gave her a potion Porth Cwyfan geisiodd ef gymryd mantais Dilynwch y stori: that made her forget her love for North of Aberffraw, a ohoni, gweddïodd hi am help. Ynys Llanddwyn Maelon and turned him into a block remarkable island church Rhoddodd angel ddiod iddi Cewch ddilyn yn ôl traed pererinion lu of ice. Dwynwen was granted three on the shore is dedicated a wnaeth iddi anghofio ei i’r ynys a gysegrwyd i Santes Dwynwen. Golygfeydd panoramig o’r arfordir. wishes. She asked for Maelon to to the Irish saint known chariad at Maelon a’i droi as Cwyfan, or Kevin, Porth Cwyfan be thawed, that she would remain ef yn lwmpyn o of Glendalough. I’r gogledd o Aberffraw, mae eglwys unmarried and that God would rew. Cafodd nodedig ar ynys fechan ger y lan wedi’i grant happiness to all true lovers. chysegru i sant o’r Iwerddon o’r enw Dwynwen then spent the rest of her Cwyfan, neu Kevin, o Glendalough. Middle Stone New Stone Age people First Roman invasion of Romano-British farmers living St Dwynwen, the Aberffraw already Catamanus stone Age hunters at built chambered tombs at Anglesey, many Druids in fortified farmstead at Welsh ‘St Valentine’ a royal court for the Llangadwaladr. Aberffraw. Bodowyr and Bryn Celli Ddu. massacred. Caer Lêb. dies. princes of Gwynedd. c7000 BC/CC c4000-2000 BC/CC AD60OC AD200OC AD465OC AD500OC AD625OC Helwyr o Oes Adeiladodd pobl o Oes Newydd Y Rhufeiniaid yn ymosod Ffermwyr Brythonig-Rufeinig yn Santes Dwynwen, Aberffraw eisoes yn Carreg Catamanus, Ganol y Cerrig y Cerrig feddrodau siambr ym ar Fôn am y tro cyntaf gan byw mewn fferm amddiffynedig nawddsant cariadon llys brenhinol ar gyfer Llangadwaladr.
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    Plas Penmynydd, Llangefni, Anglesey, LL77 7SH Researched and written by Richard Cuthbertson, Gill. Jones & Ann Morgan 2019 revised 2020 HOUSE HISTORY RESEARCH Written in the language chosen by the volunteers and researchers & including information so far discovered PLEASE NOTE ALL THE HOUSES IN THIS PROJECT ARE PRIVATE AND THERE IS NO ADMISSION TO ANY OF THE PROPERTIES ©Discovering Old Welsh Houses Group Rhif Elusen Gofrestredig: Registered charity No: 1131782 Contents page 1. Building Description 2 2. Early Background History 9 3. 16 th Century 21 4. 17 th Century 24 5. 18 th Century 30 6. 19 th Century 37 7. 20 th Century 50 8. Bibliography 53 Appendices 1. The Royal House of Cunedda 54 2. The Tudors of Penmynydd 56 3. The Ancestors of Ednyfed Fychan 59 4. An Alternative Pedigree of Maredudd ap Tudor 61 5. The Will of Richard Owen Theodor IV 1645 62 6. The Will of Mary Owen 1666 63 7. The Will of Elizabeth Owen 1681 64 8. The Bulkeley Family 65 9. The Edmunds Family 68 10. The Will of Henry Hughes 1794 69 11. The Paget Family 71 Acknowledgement – With thanks for the financial support from the Anglesey Charitable Trust and Friends of Discovering Old Welsh Houses. 1 Building Description Plas Penmynydd Grade II*: listed 5/2/1952 - last amended 29/1/2002 OS Grid: SH49597520 CADW ID: 5447 NPRN: 15829 Penmynydd & Tudor Spelling variants. Benmynydd, Penmynyth, Penmynythe, Penmynydd; Tudur, Tudor, Tydder. It is very likely that the earliest houses on the site were all wooden and as yet no trace of them has been found, but the Hall House of Owain Tudur's time (1400s) can be clearly seen in the neat and regular stonework up to the first 4 feet on the North Front (the side with the big oak front door).
  • Bibliography Updated 2016

    Bibliography Updated 2016

    A Research Framework for the Archaeology of Wales Select Bibliography Northwest Wales 2016 Neolithic and Earlier Bronze Age Select Bibliography Northwest Wales - Neolithic Baynes, E. N., 1909, The Excavation of Lligwy Cromlech, in the County of Anglesey, Archaeologia Cambrensis, Vol. IX, Pt.2, 217-231 Bowen, E.G. and Gresham, C.A. 1967. History of Merioneth, Vol. 1, Merioneth Historical and Record Society, Dolgellau, 17-19 Burrow, S., 2010. ‘Bryn Celli Ddu passage tomb, Anglesey: alignment, construction, date and ritual’, Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, Vol. 76, 249-70 Burrow, S., 2011. ‘The Mynydd Rhiw quarry site: Recent work and its implications’, in Davis, V. & Edmonds, M. 2011, Stone Axe Studies III, 247-260 Caseldine, A., Roberts, J.G. and Smith, G., 2007. Prehistoric funerary and ritual monuments survey 2006-7: Burial, ceremony and settlement near the Graig Lwyd axe factory; palaeo-environmental study at Waun Llanfair, Llanfairfechan, Conwy. Unpublished GAT report no. 662 Davidson, A., Jones, M., Kenney, J., Rees, C., and Roberts, J., 2010. Gwalchmai Booster to Bodffordd link water main and Llangefni to Penmynydd replacement main: Archaeological Mitigation Report. Unpublished GAT report no 885 Hemp, W. J., 1927, The Capel Garmon Chambered Long Cairn, Archaeologia Cambrensis Vol. 82, 1-43, series 7 Hemp, W. J., 1931, ‘The Chambered Cairn of Bryn Celli Ddu’, Archaeologia Cambrensis, 216-258 Hemp, W. J., 1935, ‘The Chambered Cairn Known As Bryn yr Hen Bobl near Plas Newydd, Anglesey’, Archaeologia Cambrensis, Vol. 85, 253-292 Houlder, C. H., 1961. The Excavation of a Neolithic Stone Implement Factory on Mynydd Rhiw, Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society 27, 108-43 Kenney, J., 2008a.
  • Neolithic Resource

    Neolithic Resource

    Neolithic Burial Chambers Education Resource Pack Key Stage 2 Literacy, Numeracy, Music, Art, ICT, PSE, Curriculum Cymreig LEARN Neolithic Burial Chambers Education Resource Neolithic burial chambers in Cadw’s care: Curriculum links: Barclodiad-y-Gawres passage tomb, Anglesey Literacy — oracy, developing & presenting Bodowyr burial chamber, Anglesey information & ideas Bryn Celli Ddu passage tomb, Anglesey Numeracy — measuring and data skills Capel Garmon burial chamber, Conwy Music — composing, performing Carreg Coetan Arthur burial chamber, Pembrokeshire Din Dryfol burial chamber, Anglesey Art — skills & range Duffryn Ardudwy burial chamber, Gwynedd Information Communication Technology — Lligwy burial chamber, Anglesey find and analyse information; create & Parc le Breos chambered tomb, Gower communicate information Pentre Ifan burial chamber, Pembrokeshire Personal Social Education — moral & spiritual Presaddfed burial chamber, Anglesey development St Lythans burial chamber, Vale of Glamorgan Curriculum Cymreig — visiting historical Tinkinswood burial chamber, Vale of Glamorgan sites, using artefacts, making comparisons Trefignath burial chamber, Anglesey between past and present, and developing Ty Newydd burial chamber, Anglesey an understanding of how these have changed over time All the Neolithic burial chambers in Cadw’s care are open sites, and visits do not need to be booked in advance. We would recommend that teachers undertake a planning visit prior to taking groups to a burial chamber, as parking and access are not always straightforward. Young people re-creating their own Neolithic ritual at Tinkinswood chambered tomb, Vale of Glamorgan, South Wales cadw.gov.wales/learning 2 Neolithic Burial Chambers Education Resource The Neolithic period • In west Wales, portal dolmens and cromlechs The Neolithic period is a time when farming was dominate, which have large stone chambers possibly introduced and when people learned how to grow covered by earth or stone mounds.