418 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE January 24, 1990 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Wednesday, January 24, 1990 The House met at 2 p.m. Cooper Kasich Rinaldo NAYS-89 Costello Kastenmeier Ritter The Chaplain, Rev. James David Coyne Kennedy Roberts Armey Goodling Paxon Ford, D.D., offered the following Crockett Kennelly Robinson Baker Goss Regula Darden Kildee Roe Ballenger Hancock Rhodes prayer: Barton Hastert Ridge In this our prayer, 0 gracious God, Davis Kleczka Rohrabacher de la Garza Kostmayer Rose Bentley Hefley Rogers we remember those who know not the DeFazio La.Falce Rostenkowski Bliley Herger Ros-Lehtinen joy and satisfaction of a full life. We Dellums Lancaster Roth Boehlert Hopkins Roukema recall the hostages of every nation Derrick Lantos Rowland Bunning Hunter Saxton Dicks Laughlin Rowland Burton Inhofe Schroeder who are separated from those they Dingell Leath Roybal Chandler Ireland Schuette love, who endure the pain and loneli Dixon Lehman Russo Coble Jacobs Sensenbrenner Dorgan Lehman Sabo Coleman Kyl Shays ness of their captivity. We pray, that Coughlin Lagomarsino Slaughter CV A> as Your spirit crosses every barrier of Downey Lent Saiki Duncan Levin Sangmeister Courter Leach Smith(TX) time and place, so may our prayers Durbin Levine Sarpalius Cox Lewis CCA) Smith, Denny give support and encouragement to all Dwyer Lewis Savage Craig Lewis who are in need. May Your peace that Dymally Lipinski Sawyer Crane Lightfoot Smith, Robert Dyson Livingston Schaefer Dannemeyer Lowery passes all understanding unite us as Early Lloyd Scheuer DeLay Lukens, Donald Smith, Robert one people and may we share together Eckart Long Schiff DeWine Machtley as one human family the joys and Edwards Lowey Schneider Dickinson Madigan Solomon Emerson Luken, Thomas Schulze DomanCCA> Marlenee Stangeland blessings of freedom. This is our ear Engel Manton Schumer Douglas Martin Stump nest prayer. Am.en. English Markey Sharp Dreier McCandless Sundquist Erdreich Martin Shaw Edwards McCollum Tauke Evans Martinez Shumway Fawell McGrath Thomas THE JOURNAL Fascell Matsui Shuster Fields Miller Upton Fazio Mavroules Sisisky Gallegly Miller Walker The SPEAKER. The Chair has ex Feighan McCloskey Skaggs Gekas Moorhead Whittaker amined the Journal of the last day's Fish McCrery Skeen Gilman Parris Wolf proceedings and announces to the Flake McDermott Skelton Gingrich Pashayan Foglietta McEwen Slattery ANSWERED ''PRESENT''-3 House his approval thereof. Ford McHugh Slaughter Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Ford CTN> McMillan Smith Clay Frenzel Green Journal stands approved. Frank McMillen CMD> Smith NOT VOTING-27 Mr. BOEHLERT. Mr. Speaker, pur Frost McNulty Smith Gallo Meyers Smith AuCoin Hughes Nowak suant to clause 1, rule I, I demand a Gaydos Mfume Smith Beilenson Kolbe Oakar vote on agreeing to the Speaker's ap Gejdenson Michel Snowe Bilirakis Kolter Rangel proval of the Journal. Gephardt Miller Solarz Carr Mazzoli Sikorski Geren Mineta Spence Conyers Mccurdy VanderJagt The SPEAKER. The question is on Gibbons Moakley Spratt Donnelly McDade Vucanovich the Chair's approval of the Journal. Gillmor Mollohan Staggers Espy Moody Waxman The question was taken; and the Glickman Montgomery Stallings Flippo Murphy Weber Speaker announced that the ayes ap Gonzalez Morella Stark Horton Nelson Young(AK) Gordon Morrison CCT> Stearns peared to have it. Gradison Morrison Stenholm D 1425 Mr. BOEHLERT. Mr. Speaker, I Grandy Mrazek Stokes Mr. UDALL changed his vote from object to the vote on the ground that Grant Murtha Studds Gray Myers Swift "nay" to "yea." a quorum is not present and make the Guarini Nagle Synar Mr. GORDON changed his vote point of order that a quorum is not Gunderson Natcher Tallon from "present" to "yea." present. Hall Neal Tanner So the Journal was approved. The SPEAKER. Evidently a quorum Hall Neal CNC) Tauzin Hamilton Nielson Taylor The result of the vote was an is not present. Hammerschmidt Oberstar Thomas nounced as above recorded. The Sergeant at Arms will notify Hansen Obey Thomas absent Members. Harris Olin Torres Hatcher Ortiz Torricelli The vote was taken by electronic Hawkins Owens Towns PERSONAL EXPLANATION device, and there were-yeas 312, nays Hayes Owens CUT> Traficant Mr. NELSON of Florida. Mr. Speaker, had I 89, answered "present" 3, not voting Hayes Oxley Traxler Hefner Packard Udall been present, I would have voted "aye" on 27, as follows: Henry Pallone Unsoeld rollcall 2. CRoll No. 21 Hertel Panetta Valentine YEAS-312 Hiler Parker Vento PERSONAL EXPLANATION Hoagland Patterson Visclosky Mr. MAZZOLI. Mr. Speaker, I was unavoid Ackerman Berman Buechner Hochbrueckner Payne (NJ) Volkmer ably absent. Had I been present, I would have Akaka Bevill Bustamante Holloway Payne Walgren Alexander Bilbray Byron Houghton Pease Walsh voted "yea" on rollcall No. 2, approving the Anderson Boggs Callahan Hoyer Pelosi Washington Journal of Tuesday, January 23, 1990. Andrews Bonior Campbell Hubbard Penny Watkins Annunzio Borski Campbell Huckaby Perkins Weiss PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE Anthony Bosco Cardin Hutto Petri Weldon Applegate Boucher Carper Hyde Pickett Wheat The SPEAKER. Will the gentlewom Archer Boxer Chapman James Pickle Whitten an from Hawaii [Mrs. SAIKI] please Aspin Brennan Clarke Jenkins Porter Williams come forward and lead the House in Atkins Brooks Clement Johnson Poshard Wilson Barnard Broomfield Clinger Johnson Price Wise the Pledge of Allegiance. Bartlett Browder Coleman Johnston Pursell Wolpe Mrs. SAIKI led the Pledge of Alle Bateman BrownCCA> Collins Jones Quillen Wyden giance as follows: Bates Brown .Combest Jones Rahall Wylie Bennett Bruce Condit Jontz Ravenel Yates I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the Bereuter Bryant Conte Kanjorski Ray Yatron United States of America, and to the Repub- Kaptur Richardson Young
0 This symbol represents the time of day during the House proceedings, e.g., 0 1407 is 2:07 p.m. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. January 24, 1990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 419 lie for which it stands, one nation under CAMPAIGN REFORM terest rates that threw the figures off God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for by billions. all. given permission to address the House performance, and in some cases even Mrs. SAIKI. Aloha, Mr. Speaker, on for 1 minute and to revise and extend sacrificed their life, because the Presi behalf of the people of Hawaii, I want his remarks.> dent might get some credit, too. to express my appreciation to those Mr. OWENS of Utah. Mr. Speaker, I do not agree with the President all Members who came to my State over next week our self-proclaimed educa the time. I am not afraid to say so. By the recess to take a hard look at some tion President will present his new the same token, we and the over of the problems in paradise. education budget. Ironically, some 50 whelming majority of Americans do Well, Mr. Speaker, we make no million illiterate Americans are capa agree we should not be afraid to say apologies for having sunshine and ble of reading the President's lips but either, "Thank you, Mr. President," warm weather in January. I only wish January 24, 1990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 421 the media had paid more attention to United States and promptly report their would leave the bill in a kind of legis the serious issues of international drug recommendations back to the House. lative limbo, causing the kind of "un trafficking and the protection of our The SPEAKER. The gentleman certainty" in the public mind that the coastal areas. from Illinois [Mr. MICHEL] is recog Supreme Court warned against in its By the way, aloha casual attire in nized for 1 hour. 1929 Pocket Veto Case decision. Hawaii doesn't mean going native. It Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, may I I have introduced legislation to means common local business attire, say that yesterday, when I alerted the ensure more congressional account not bermuda shorts and sarongs. House that I intended to offer this ability on vetoed messages. H.R. 3462 We of the 50th State deserve to have motion, the distinguished gentleman would, among other things, require our concerns heard by congressional from Texas [Mr. BROOKS], Chairman that immediately after a veto message committees, and I hope more commit of the Committee on the Judiciary, in has been read, the Speaker shall put tees will hold hearings in Hawaii in quired as to whether or not this gen the question on consideration of the the future. tleman would yield half the time, as is vetoed •measure, and no motion may I want to personally thank the the practice here at all times, to those preempt the previous question except House Committee on Merchant who would oppose the motion, and I one motion to postpone the override Marine and Fisheries and the Select think their special request is that 15 vote to a date certain, which shall not Committee on Narcotics Abuse for minutes be yielded to the Committee be more than 10 legislative days. Obvi taking the time, trouble, and publicity on Foreign Affairs and 15 minutes to ously, if the previous question is de to give the people of Hawaii a sense of the Committee on the Judiciary. feated, other motions would be in hope and confidence that their con I am noting that the chairmen of order, such as to table or refer. cerns are indeed being heard by my both of those committees are on the Mr. Speaker, the second observation fell ow colleagues in Congress. floor, and I would assume that is ac ceptable. I would like to make is that while the So, Mr. Speaker, to kick off the President claims this was a pocket REMOVAL OF NAME OF MEMBER debate in support of the motion, I veto, he had the courtesy to return it AS COSPONSOR OF H.R. 2273 yield 4 minutes to the distinguished to the Congress with his objections, Mr. WATKINS. Mr. Speaker, I ask gentlewoman from my home State of thereby giving us an opportunity to unanimous consent that my name be Illinois [Mrs. MARTIN]. vote to override. This is a departure removed as a cosponsor of the bill, Mrs. MARTIN of Illinois. Mr. Speak from a minor bill he pocket vetoed in H.R. 2273. er, I thank the gentleman for yielding August, and I hope it indicates an ac The SPEAKER. Is there objection this time to me. commodation with Congress on the to the request of the gentleman from Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of pocket veto controversy. Oklahoma? H.R. 2712, the Emergency Chinese Im As my colleagues may be aware, the There was no objection. migration Relief Act of 1989. But I administration is of the opinion that also support the motion offered by our the President may pocket veto a bill at distinguished Republican leader [Mr. any time Congress is adjourned for ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE MICHEL] to refer the bill and the Pres more than 3 days, even when Congress SPEAKER ident's memorandum of disapproval to has appointed agents to receive veto The SPEAKER. The Chair previous the Foreign Affairs and Judiciary messages. The prevailing view in Con ly announced that it would receive five Committees. gress is that he may only do so at the 1-minute speeches from each side. Fur I support that motion because it con end of a Congress when he is truly ther 1-minute speeches will be re tains explicit instructions to those two prevented from returning a vetoed ceived later in the day. committees to promptly report back measure to Congress. their recommendations after consider The Rules Subcommittee on Legisla EMERGENCY CHINESE IMMIGRA ing the events and actions which have tive Process, on which I serve as the TION RELIEF ACT OF 1989- occurred since the bill passed the Con ranking minority member, has report VETO MESSAGE FROM THE gress last November. In this connec ed legislation which attempts to clari PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED tion I noted with interest that the Ju fy this issue. But, even if it is enacted STATES to facilitate the adjustment or will support the veto override motion. lation. change of status of Chinese nationals To do otherwise would send the wrong In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, I com in the United States by waiving the 2- signal. I think the President and Con mend the President on returning this year foreign residence requirement for gress are both interested in protecting measure to the Congress with his ob "J" nonimmigrants. those Chinese students in this coun jections so that we might exercise our The Clerk read the title of the bill. try. They only disagree on the means. constitutional prerogatives. MOTION TO REFER OFFERED BY MR. MICHEL Mr. Speaker, in the time remaining, Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I offer a I want to make as few points about myself such time as I may consume. preferential motion and I ask for its the procedural situation we are in be Mr. Speaker, I oppose the motion to immediate consideration. cause of its relevance to the future. refer the President's disapproval mes The SPEAKER. The Clerk will This does not directly affect the sub sage on the Chinese students visa leg report the motion. stance of the bill but the process islation, H.R. 2712, to the Committee The Clerk read as follows: under which we in the House have to on the Judiciary. The committee has Mr. MICHEL moves to refer the bill, H.R. share concerns for the future. reviewed this matter in great detail. 2712, and the President's Memorandum of To refer to the committee with in The bill itself has been considered Disapproval jointly to the Committee on structions to report back promptly is three times by the House since the Foreign Affairs and the Committee on the Judiciary with instructions that the Com in conformity with the constitutional committee's deliberation and report to mittees consider the merits of the veto in mandate that Congress proceed to the the House. On all three occasions, the light of events in China since passage of the consideration of the vetoed measure. bill has passed overwhelmingly. There bill and actions which the President has Referring a measure to committee is no debate on whether or not relief taken to protect Chinese students in the without instructions to report back ought to be given to the Chinese stu- 422 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE January 24, 1990 dents who would be covered by its pro rogatives in establishing, and main of the students who need our protec visions. The debate focuses on wheth taining and executing foreign policy. tion, and to let the Government of er the relief should be granted by leg For that reason alone we ought to be China be clear as . to our commitment islative action by the Congress or by supporting and voting for the motion to the students who perished in Tian administrative action by the executive that has been presented by the minori anmen Square in their struggle to see branch. ty leader. democracy flourish in China. Further review of the substance of But, if that were not enough, consid I urge my colleagues to vote to over this legislation by the committee er the other elements of this proposi ride the President's veto, and I com would serve no useful purpose except tion. mend my colleague from California, to delay a remedy which is needed Mr. Speaker, the gentleman from Il Representative PELOSI, for persevering now. Accordingly, Mr. Speaker, I urge linois [Mr. MICHEL] insists, and I to see this important legislation my colleagues to vote against the agree, that in his motion are contained through. motion to refer this matter to commit references to committees which could Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 tee so that we may proceed to vote to look into the current developments on minutes to the distinguished gentle override the President's ill-advised the mainland of China and with our man from Texas [Mr. SMITH]. veto of H.R. 2712 and enact its protec direct relationships with the Chinese Mr. SMITH of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I tions now. leadership. However, we want to criti think we need to clear up some mis cize it for this action or that action. D 1450 conceptions. My colleagues, it is imperative in First, Mr. Speaker, there should be Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield these touchy times that the President myself 2 minutes. no doubt about the President's posi of the United States be given latitude, tion. The day after the massacre at Mr. Speaker, I rise in opposition to discretion. I am not saying unfettered the motion to refer H.R. 2712 jointly discretion. I am not saying loose abili Tiananmen Square the President to the Committee on Foreign Affairs ty to do anything he wants. But within made a public pledge to protect the and to the Committee on the Judici the purview of establishing foreign Chinese students who were in this ary. policy discretion in the office of the country and said that not one of them This legislation has already gone President is paramount in the consti would be forced to return home. He through the traditional referral proc tutional government that we have. has kept his pledge. The President, in ess in the House. Mr. Speaker, for those reasons I say, fact, has already acted. He has issued Under the rules of the House, it was "Let's end this game of chinese check an administrat.ive directive which, as clear at the time of referral that this ers. Let's resolve that it isn't necessary we sit here, protects the Chinese stu legislation was exclusively within the for the opposition to the President to dents who are in this country. jurisdiction of the Committee on the show him up, to do one-upmanship on I think the real question here is, Judiciary. him, gamesmanship." "The students are protected; what's Pursuant to rule X, the Speaker re My colleagues, we are all in this to the rush to override the veto of the f erred this legislation only to the gether. We want to open the door to President?" Committee on the Judiciary because it China. We want to give the students Mr. Speaker, it is said that we need amends the Immigration and Nation the right of remaining in this country, to send a message to Beijing, but we ality Act. as does the President, but let us do it have already sent a message to Beij If the legislation had contained mat in the orderly, established manner ing. We did that by a 403 to zero vote ters within the jurisdiction of the which will do credit to the President last November. In fact, we could not Committee on Foreign Affairs, we and to the Congress at the same time. have sent a stronger message, so why would have requested referral at that Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 the rush? time. minute to the gentleman from Califor Mr. Speaker, frankly it sounds suspi Since that original referral, there nia [Mr. MATSUI]. ciously like a "bash President Bush has been no change in the substance Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, today, brigade" is on the prowl. of the bill which would warrant a new for all the world to witness, Congress My colleagues, supporting the referral. This is simply an open at will speak loudly where the President Michel motion does no harm to the tempt to delay, frustrate, or kill a bill would only whisper. Today, Congress Chinese students who are in this coun which has already proven that it has is standing up with strength and con try, but it does allow the correct legis the nearly unanimous support of the viction to the forces committed to lative process to work, and it does membership of the House. crushing the democratic movement in allow the President to exercise his This legislation deals with a waiver China. rightful and constitutional foreign of a home residency requirement for Our vote to override the President's policy authority. holders of certain kind of visas. This is veto ·of the Emergency Chinese Immi Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 an authority under the purview of the gration Relief Act is not a vote to pro minutes to the distinguished gentle Attorney General, not the Secretary tect inspired partisan legislation. It is man from Pennsylvania [Mr. YATRON]. of State. As such, it is a matter under simply common sense. Mr. YATRON. Mr. Speaker, I am in the jurisdiction of the Committee on A vote to override meets the abso strong support of overriding the Presi the Judiciary, not the Committee on lute minimum standards of humanity dent's veto of this legislation. H.R. Foreign Affairs. I urge the defeat of and justice. It accomplishes what is 2712 would have eliminated the re the motion of the gentleman from Illi obviously scrupulous. The very least quirement that Chinese nationals nois. we can do is affirm by law a principle return home for 2 years after finishing Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 which ought to go without saying: studies in the United States. Clearly, it minutes to the distinguished gentle That the United States is a haven for is unsafe for these students to return man from Pennsylvania [Mr. GEKAS], those who face physical abuse and po to a regime that has so little regard and at this time I alert my colleagues litical oppression in their homeland. for human rights. As chairman of the on the other side that, as the offerer Sadly, our President opposed that Subcommittee on Human Rights and of the motion, I will exercise my pre codification and vetoed our legislation. International Organizations, I think rogative of closing the debate. In doing so, he has sent a signal to the this veto would hand each and every Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in world that the implications of the bru student forced to return to China a support of the motion. tality at Tiananmen Square are limit prison sentence. Mr. Speaker, the Congress is en ed at best. Even though the President has gaged in a game of chinese checkers, Today, we have an opportunity to rightly issued an order waiving the eager to jump over the President's pre- repair that damage, to come to the aid return requirement, who is to say that January 24, 1990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 423 the administration will not unilateral are protected and, indeed, he did take good enough to send our top leaders ly revoke the waiver some time in the some very significant actions. there to clink champagne glasses 6 future to placate Beijing. An override There· are two problems with that months after the acts. What kind of of the President's veto will give Chi argument. First, those administrative message do we want to send to the nese students the assurance that he actions are subject to lawsuit and legal world? Do we want to say, "It is OK won't and establish a human rights attack by other people in the country, what you did?" Or do we want people policy toward China that the White class actions and what have you, and to remember the single man who stood House will not. could be rescinded in those legal ac in front of the tank and said, "China Mr. Speaker, over the recess we dis tions, in which case the Chinese stu must stand for democracy," and one covered that U.S. envoys were secretly dents would be at risk. man can stand up for those human dispatched twice to Beijing, contrary Second, administrative actions can rights. to the spirit of the President's assur come and go. They do not have the Bobby Kennedy said, "If a single ances to the American public. The force of law, and I think everybody man plants himself on his conviction, President is now in the process of un here, or mostly everybody here, when the huge world will come round to doing his own sanctions and support they vote will show that they want him." ing a resumption of international bank these rules and regulations to have We have a chance today to bring loans to China. the force of law. America around to that man who Concurrent with these recent Presi Let us put aside the legal arguments, stood alone in Tiananmen Square and dential actions, China has stifled its because as important as they are, they said, "Democracy must come to media, severely limited demonstra are largely irrelevant when we put this China." entire issue in the context of the for tions, and imposed strict censorship eign policy and the message that we Vote not to refer this to committee against foreign journalists. Further want to send not only to the leaders of and vote to override the veto and more, according to Asia Watch, in China but to people all over the world, stand for human rights. recent months 18 intellectuals were ar and we also have to look at this vote Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 rested because of their association against the other actions that the ad minutes to the distinguished gentle with the democracy movement. ministration, beginning on or about man from New York CMr. SOLARZ]. Frankly, I see little positive change July 4 of last year, took with regard to Mr. SOLARZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise in in China. In fact, Chinese authorities the repressive regime in China. strong opposition to the Michel have imposed tighter restrictions on Winston Lord, who previously was motion. demonstrations than were already in our Ambassador to China, testified A little bit earlier today, the Presi effect. Over 500 detainees were recent yesterday in the other body to a com dent said at his press conference that ly released, but thousands more still mittee, and he said this: "As a con if his veto was overridden it would languish in Chinese prisons without cerned citizen, I am generally against result in a decision by China to retali charge or trial. These moves by the congressional micromanagement of ate against the United States by can Chinese Government should be taken foreign policy and the rigidities often celing many, if not all, of the academic for what they are: a symbolic gesture introduced by tactical legislation." He exchanges between our two countries. meant only for international consump said, "As a Republican who admires If this assessment is, indeed, accurate, tion. the President, served him, and ap then it would clearly constitute a com Mr. Speaker, by overriding the Presi plauds his overall foreign policy, I pelling argument in favor of the dent's veto of H.R. 2712, we will send a regret having to oppose the adminis Michel motion and in favor of the message to the Beijing government tration." Then he said, "This is the re effort to sustain the President's veto. and to the White House that the Con ality. Fairly or unfairly, the veto, if I believe, however, that the Presi gress has a very different view of the sustained, would reinforce the mindset dent's analysis is fundamentally mis situation in China. It is a well-founded and the mandate of those who have taken. The leaders of China may be perception that the administration proceeded from massacre to repres brutal, they may not be interested in was "kowtowing" to the Chinese Gov sion, those who predict America will human rights, but they are not dumb. ernment by sending secret missions be lulled by cosmetic gestures and They can read. Because they can read, there. The administration is applying return to business as usual, those who they surely know that the protections a double standard when it comes to dismiss the Chinese as a people apart provided in the President's own execu human rights abuses in China. We from the global winds of change." tive order for the Chinese students are need to reassess our strategic and com Whether we want to believe it or roughly parallel to the protections mercial interests in China and should not, whether we want to accept it or provided Chinese students in the do so with its record on human rights not, this decision today sends a loud, Pelosi bill. If the Chinese are going to in mind. The override of this veto clear message to the leaders in China retaliate because we pass the Pelosi places the United States on the side of about what we believe and what bill, they will also retaliate because of the oppressed, not the oppressors. people all over the world believe about the President's executive order. If this human rights, and it sends a message is the case, we might ask why then 0 1500 to the leaders in the Soviet Union, the pass the bill. Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 leaders in East Germany, the leaders We need to pass the bill because on minutes to the distinguished majority in Czechoslovakia, and in all the coun the issue of China the President has leader, the gentleman from Missouri tries across the world that are in a lost his credibility. If the President [Mr. GEPHARDT]. state of change that business as usual can send some of the most senior for Mr. GEPHARDT. Mr. Speaker, I is OK: I think we believe, I know I be eign policy and national security offi rise, as I think we all will today, with lieve, that business as usual is not OK. cials in his administration to Beijing the sense that none of us like to tell We have an obligation as Members at the very same time that he is telling the President that we think he is of this Congress representing our the American people that he suspend wrong. It is never an easy vote to over people, as representatives of the ed all high-level contacts, then he ride a veto, but I believe in my heart, American society that stands for simply cannot be relied upon not to re and I think most of the Members here human rights here and across the scind the executive order at some do, that in this case the President is world, to unequivocally state what we point in the future if this veto is sus wrong. I know he has argued strongly believe about what these leaders did. tained. that the administrative actions that Mr. Speaker, it is not good enough In order to provide enduring guaran he took are sufficient to see that the to send leaders there 4 weeks after the tees to the 40,000 Chinese students in Chinese students who are in America acts in Tiananmen Square. It is not America who fear for their careers and 424 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE January 24, 1990 possibly even for their lives if they tration's pursuit of business as usual with Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 should be obligated to return, we need China; in light of the administration's cozy re minutes to the distinguished gentle to defeat this motion and override the lationship with the butcher's of Beijing; any man from South Carolina [Mr. DER President's veto when the vote comes administration action aimed at protecting the RICK], a member of the Committee on before us. Chinese students is suspect and should be re Rules. Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 garded with the highest skepticism. Mr. DERRICK. Mr. Speaker, I urge minute to the gentleman from New The President is concerned that this legisla Members to vote to override the Presi Mexico CMr. RICHARDSON]. tion will send the wrong signal to the Chinese dent's misguided veto, for two reasons. Mr. RICHARDSON. Mr. President, Government. He could not be more incorrect. First, we simply cannot in good con we know you are popular because of Overriding this veto sends a clear and correct science force Chinese students in the foreign policy, but your policy on message to Beijing-the United States stands United States on J visas to go home to China stinks. alongside those who peaceably rise against face repression. Many of the students President Bush's veto of the Chinese oppression and cry out for democracy, and support the democracy movement and student protection bill is wrong, has no tolerance for governments which mas have spoken out loudly and vigorously wrong, wrong. It is wrong because it sacre those who peaceably demand change. against the evils of Communist dicta gives the wrong signal to the repres This is the message we should and will sive Communist regime in Beijing, the torship. The Chinese Government has send, Mr. President. It is not the wrong signal; harassed them here and their families butchers of Tiananmen. It is wrong be it is what this Nation stands for. I urge my col cause the Bush administrative direc in China. After June 3, it isn't hard to leagues to vote in favor of overriding the imagine what Beijing has planned for tive is without any legal foundation President's veto and affording the Chinese and does not provide the Chinese stu them if they come home. I assure you dents the protection they seek. It is students the protection they certainly deserve. the American people want no part of wrong because it tells those around Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 it, and rightly so. the world wanting freedom, run by re minutes to the distinguished gentle Second, Mr. Speaker, there is an im pressive regimes, that the United man from New York CMr. SCHEUER]. portant institutional aspect to this States will sell them out for geopoliti D 1510 issue. The President says we have no cal reasons. constitutional right to reconsider this It is a shame that we kowtow to the Mr. SCHEUER. Mr. Speaker, al bill because he has "pocket-vetoed" it. Chinese with secret trips, winks, and though the President's Executive In his message Mr. Bush claimed that pats on the back. order technically may have accom the adjournment of Congress "pre Mr. President, with all due respect, plished much the same as our bill that vented" him from returning the bill you are wrong on this one. the President vetoed, in practical within the meaning of article I, section Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support point of fact the signal that it sent, 7 of the Constitution. He also claimed of overriding the President's veto of H.R. the message that it sent, both to the that by withholding his approval he 2712, the Emergency Chinese Students Immi murderous Mandarins running main had "precluded" it from becoming law, gration Relief Act. land China today with a cruel fist, as but that he was returning it to the Mr. Speaker, I am certain none of us has well as to the students in our country House because of court decisions rais forgotten the moving and historic scenes of of Chinese descent who live in daily ing questions about when the pocket last May and early June. Scenes of hundreds fear that they will be delivered forc veto applies. · of thousands, indeed millions, of Chinese of ibly to a vengeful Chinese Govern The courts have ruled a President all ages peaceably calling for reform of a cor ment, it was a message a world apart. may not use a pocket veto during ad rupt and despotic government. Led by the Our former Ambassador, our bril journments within or between sessions brave students who occupied Tiananmen liant Ambassador to mainland China, of Congress. However, the administra Square, the Chinese people rose and de Winston Lord, testified only yesterday tion refuses to accept these rulings. manded a say in their nation's future. The Chi to the Senate Judiciary Committee The Justice Department testified at a nese Government's response was brutal and that, "There is no question that today hearing last year in my subcommittee inhuman. The storming of Tiananmen Square Chinese students in the United States feel uncertain, uneasy, and vulnerable. that the President can pocket veto a remains one of the most terrifying events in bill whenever its House of origin is ad modern times. It is best to remove all doubts by the journed for more than 3 days. This is But as remarkable, tragic, and unforgettable unambiguous means of legislation. Those who have lived in China where absurd. Surely there is no Member of as these events were, I am not certain the this House who believes that a Presi Bush administration truly remembers what laws do not protect the individual seek took place in Beijing last spring-truly under security in the laws of the United dent should be able to pocket-veto stands what the Government of China is ca States that do. Passage of legislation bills over a long weekend, but that is pable of doing. We recently learned that would fortify the students psychologi Mr. Bush's position. My subcommittee weeks after the massacre, Gen. Brent Scow cally as well as legally." recently approved legislation codifying croft traveled to China. This was followed by a The Washington Post noted at the the court rulings, which we intend to second visit late last year. The President time of the President's veto that the bring to the floor very soon. I hope all claims these visits were meant to underscore Chinese have a word for that kind of Members will support it. his concern regarding the Chinese Govern gesture: "kowtow," the touching of the Mr. Speaker, Congress clearly has ment's actions. If this was the case, why was forehead to the ground in servile, both the constitutional right and the it kept from Congress and the American supine acquiescence. moral duty to override this veto today. people? Clearly, the events of last spring did Mr. Speaker, that Presidential veto, Democracy is breaking out all over the not make a great enough impression on this that kowtow, sent a message that is world. Let's not support the forces of administration. demeaning to our country. Today we darkness, brutality and repression by The President further claims that his admin should wipe the slate clean and send a sending these students home. Let's istrative directive is sufficient to protect the message loud and clear, not only to show the world this Congress stands Chinese students. This directive, however, is the Chinese students in our country, up for freedom. Let's show the White without legal foundation and lacks the not only to the aging tyrants who House this Congress stands up for its strength of law. Moreover, what is most fright made the decision that resulted in rights under the Constitution. Let's ening to the students is that the President's Tiananmen Square, but to people override this veto. directive is discretionary and can be lifted at a around the world, that we stand for Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 moment's notice. freedom. We will protect these kids. minutes to the distinguished gentle In light of the President's continued equivo That is the message we must send man from Georgia CMr. GINGRICH], cation on this matter; in light of the adminis- today. the minority whip. January 24, 1990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 425 Mr. GINGRICH. Mr. Speaker, I I just want to note for my col affirm through law the basic decency thank my leader for yielding me the leagues, I hope the Democratic leader of the American people, and the basic time. I am going to vote to override ship does not plan to start a whole fairness of our moral imperative. Let the President's veto today. I an series of partisan snipings, of which us send a clear and simple marker nounced that last week. I feel that this week's schedule is an example. I about the American character to the Members do have a constitutional obli think it is regrettable that they pulled butchers of Beijing. gation to do that. the resolution on Panama, which In doing so, we will also send to free I am also going to vote for the should have been here and we under dom loving people throughout the motion of the gentleman from Illinois stood yesterday was going to be here. I world an unequivocal message: we CMr. MICHEL]. I want to explain brief think that would have been bipartisan stand for human rights. Let us defeat ly why I think it is reasonable to and positive and the American people the motion to refer, let us override spend a week or two asking the Com would have supported it. this unfortunate veto, and let us lift mittee on Foreign Affairs and the I think it is regrettable that it was no more toasts to tyrants. Committee on Intelligence and other decided to schedule this, and that it committees to review things. has been described so openly in the 0 1520 I found myself just as we prepared press as a partisan effort. Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 to come back home and we were all So, Mr. Speaker, I am going to vote minutes to the distinguished gentle out around the country, we were look for this motion on two grounds. First, man from Maryland CMr. HOYER]. ing around and talking to people. As I to send the signal that on an issue Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, I thank sat in Douglasville, GA, in Carrollton, that is still going to be relevant in 2 weeks, an issue where the President al the gentleman for yielding. GA, in Jonesboro, GA, I had a chance ready personally by administrative fiat Mr. Speaker, I rise in opposition to after Christmas to listen to people. has taken care of any concerns of the the motion which I think is well in Then I said, now we are all going to students, has already protected them, tended and I understand the minority come to Washington. It suddenly oc that it would not have been inappro whip's proposition that we could take curred to me one afternoon, and I priate for Congress to wait 2 weeks to 2 weeks to look at this. There is, think this is an important thing for let the committees report. And the though, I believe no one in this body Congress to realize, that the world had truth is the committees could not have who believes that looking at this in 2 changed dramatically since we left reported during the previous period weeks would change the opinion of here in November. Romania had lost because they were not here. They any Member of this body who repre its dictatorship in an extraordinarily could not have gotten a quorum and sents the people of this country who bloody cycle of events. The Soviet had a meeting. were outraged, justifiably so, by the Empire changed substantially. The Az Symbolically, first I think it is useful events in Tiananmen Square. erbaijani rebellion all occurred since for the legislature to try to be in I suggest to you that perhaps people then. The process of change in formed occasionally, especially when told Andrei Sakharov to wait, take 2 Panama had been decisive with an the world is changing as fast as it has weeks to consider whether human American victory and a victory for in the last 60 days. rights violations were worth standing freedom and against the drug dealers. Second, I want to send a message to up against. Perhaps the people in Ru Place after place around the planet, my friends in the Democratic leader mania were told that as well. things changed. ship. It is going to be a long season if Vaclav Havel, who spent 5 years in In China there is a process going on. we get to petty partisanship, if we pull prison in Czechoslovakia, I am sure I thought what could better illustrate a resolution on Panama that should was told many times, "wait." the willful ignorance of Congress than have commended the President of the It is time to act now, it is time, with to rush back to Washington, and United States, that should have ap a clear and I hope unanimous voice, within 24 hours of arriving, decide plauded the men and women in uni state to those in China as we have that it could not stop and investigate, form who did the right thing, if we done over and over again, not on a par it could not have closed hearings to re pull that and leave standing only a tisan fashion but together, the Soviet ceive any testimony by the administra veto override in the narrowest of parti Union and the Communist bloc in tion, it could not contemplate; but in san ways. Europe, "We stand in united opposi stead, relying on newspaper reports, Mr. Speaker, I hope my friends on tion to violations of human rights in relying on Christmas cards from Chi the Republican side will vote for this the Soviet Union." nese students, relying on the passions motion, and those Democrats who Indeed our President, President of the moment as we remembered it think Congress should slow down and Reagan said that the then Soviet the day we left, when we voted. take a look and get briefed occasional Union at the time he said it was the There is no question in my mind ly, they may want to vote this way too. evil empire. It is perhaps China that that the President has made a mis Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 now stands most dramatically in that take. There is no question in my mind minute to the gentleman from Georgia position. that in fact if we are going to vote to [Mr. JONES]. This is not a time to temporize, this override the veto, it should be an over Mr. JONES of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, is not a time to delay, it is a time to ride. in these past few months we have seen act. Let us speak with a strong voice I just found it intriguing that we historic images of change and courage and override this misguided veto. had to schedule this the opening week and hope. We have seen the image of Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 and that it had to be characterized by free people celebrating on the ruins of minutes to the distinguished gentle some people as a partisan scheduling the Berlin wall. We have seen, too, the man from California CMr. ANDERSON]. on the part of the Democratic leader image of a young Chinese man facing Mr. ANDERSON. Mr. Speaker, I ship to score one on the President. a convoy of tanks in an act of defiance thank the gentleman for yielding time Let me just say two things in closing that spoke for all mankind. And we tome. about all this: In the first place, a man have seen the darker image of Ameri Mr. Speaker, I would like to com with 80-percent approval can probably can diplomats lifting a cynical toast to mend the gentlewoman from Califor be overridden and he will not be crip the brutal Communist ideologues who nia CMs. PELOSI] for her leadership on pled dramatically. He might shrink to had crushed the life out of their this bill. Her dedication to bringing the levels of Roosevelt, to the more brightest children. this important bill back to the floor is normal levels of Eisenhower and Roo Today we have the opportunity to greatly appreciated by us all. sevelt. In the second place, we will not create another image-as we, repre This vote to override President dramatically change things. senting the sentiment of a Nation, re- Bush's veto is a vitally important step 426 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE January 24, 1990 in continuing this country's commit ANNOUNCEMENT BY THE SPEAKER Mr. LEVINE of California. Mr. ment to democracy around the world. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Speaker, I thank the distinguished The United States, as the leader of the KILDEE). The Chair will remind Mem Chairman for yielding. free world, must show to our neigh bers that under the rules they must Mr. Speaker, I want to speak against bors that our promise to those fight direct their comments to the Chair the motion to recommit and in strong ing for freedom is expressed in actions and only to the Chair, and not directly support of the override. and not just words. We have a long to the President in the second person. Mr. Speaker, it is disgraceful that standing commitment to be a haven Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 Congress must even consider overrid for those fleeing repression. This vote minutes to the distinguished gentle ing a veto on an issue as basic as the is an expression of that promise. As man from Pennsylvania [Mr. KosT health and safety of the Chinese stu such, I am proud to voice my support MAYERl. dents in the United States. Sadly, for a bill that will allow Chinese stu Mr. KOSTMAYER. I thank the however, the administration has dents to stay in this country. I urge Chairman for yielding. turned a cold shoulder to their fate. my colleagues to join forces in overrid Mr. Speaker, this is not a question of Without the waiver created in this ing President Bush's veto of this im who favors deporting Chinese students bill these students, upon completion of perative legislation. to China and who does not. No one their studies, will be required to return Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 favors that. That is not the President's to China, a country that still has not minute to the gentleman from New policy and to suggest that it is would expressed remorse over the killing of York [Mr. SCHUMER]. be unfair to the President. hundreds of its own people. Defeat of Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. Speaker, I I think the issues are more subtle the override can only mean two would say to the President: Mr. Presi than that. things: The students will have to go dent, your approval ratings may be Our Government policy really home to a dangerous welcome or risk skyrocketing, but that will not stop 1 staying in America illegally. Congress from doing the right thing should have two objectives: No. to on the Chinese student visa issue. This change Chinese behavior and number I cannot imagine imposing such a House and the American people will two to continue this relationship be harsh and unnecessary fate upon the not stand by and watch these students tween the two countries. students. returned to the butchers of Tianan There are really two approaches: Has the American sword of justice men Square should your administra First is the President's approach become so blunted that we will not tive remedies fail. which is the carrot approach; the afford simple physical protection to We in Congress respect your desire other is the congressional approach thousands of innocent people? Mr. to maintain flexibility in conducting which includes tough sanctions. Speaker, the time has come to stand foreign policy. But we do not believe I think both approaches are very dif up for democracy. The time has come that the thousands of Chinese stu ficult to make work. I do not know to stand up for the brave young Chi dents in the United States should be whether either approach can work. I nese students who were massacred in pawns in an international game of do not know whether the President's Tiananmen Square. chess with China. policy or the policy enunciated by the The time has come to stand up to This country was electrified by the Congress in this override effort can the President and to override his veto courage and passion of the throngs of change Chinese behavior. I think the on this issue. students who took on their repressive Chinese may in fact react against con Mr. Speaker, the time has come to government and its tanks. With their gressional pressure. But what I do send unequivocally, on a bipartisan efforts for reform brutally smashed, think is that the Chinese cannot really basis, a message to the people of these students deserve our assurance moderate their behavior. China that both Democrats and Re that they will not be returned to their I think therefore the President and publicans alike, people from through oppressors. the Congress are fooling themselves out America, regardless of political Congress gave that assurance by when they suggest the Chinese can persuasion, support the aspirations of passing H.R. 2712. Mr. President, your moderate their behavior when either a democracy in China, support the stu . veto of the bill has sent the opposite carrot or a stick is applied. dents who supported democracy in message. If the Chinese do moderate their be China and reject the brutality that Now is not the time to flex your havior, if they let this genie out of the was seen in Tiananmen Square. muscle in the name of executive dis bottle they know it is all over for cretion. Now is the time to send a clear them. D 1530 signal that the United States will not Once democracy begins to spread in Only by overriding this veto, and tolerate repression; that the United China I think that genie cannot be put only by refusing to send this bill back States will stand firmly behind the back in the bottle. Therefore, I think to committee can that message be so courageous men and women who it is in our interest to recognize that demonstrably communicated, as it struggle for freedom around the change is coming. Democracy is must be. world. coming to China. Nobody knows how Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 You may be willing to gamble that long or how soon it will be, but when it minute to the gentleman from Florida your administrative remedies are suffi comes let it be said that America stood [Mr. FASCELL]. cient. But if they are not, Mr. Presi with the students and with democracy Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 dent, you would have to stand up and in China. minute to the gentleman from Missou tell each Chinese student that they The SPEAKER pro tempore Ronald Reagan Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 serious negotiations are under way was the best American President minutes to the distinguished gentle among members of the Security Coun Japan ever had. They truly loved him. man from Iowa CMr. LEACH]. cil of the United Nations, to secure an I say here today if President Bush's Mr. LEACH of Iowa. Mr. Speaker, I international solution to the Cambodi veto is sustained, President Bush will thank the distinguished minority an issue. be remembered as the greatest Ameri leader for yielding time to me. I rise to Without the Scowcroft visit, serious can President that the Chinese Gov review the issues. There are two issues cooperation with the Chinese, who ernment ever had. Not the people of before Members today. One is of sub hold not only a veto in the Security China, but the Government. The Gov stance; one is of symbolism. On sub Council, but the most powerful card in ernment that murdered innocent stance, this is the strangest, most pe Southeast Asian politics, would be im people, who sought freedom. They culiar veto override circumstance in possible. Because of the Scowcroft shot them down. They have put thou the memory of this Member. Congress mission there is a possibility, albeit sands in jails. What is even worse, passed a bill to implement a narrow slim, of an international breakthrough what flies in the face of this debate, change in immigration policy relating to prevent Pol Pot from returning to until this day the Chinese Govern to Chinese students in this country. power. Because of the Scowcroft visit ment will not even admit the massa The President, by Executive order, im there is also a powerful prospect that cre, nor admit the fact that they have plemented the policy but vetoed the a cooperative model could be estab detained illegally so many Chinese legislation. In one sense, the veto was lished for Third World intervention in citizens. gratuitous; in another sense, the over a peaceful way in other settings. Now, maybe our President is going ride effort is equally gratuitous. In a Given Chinese history, I think all to kowtow to a repressive Chinese policy way, the result is the same, Members in this body should under Government, but this Congress should whatever the override result. stand that for the majority to be too not. It is time to put your vote where In a more positive sense, it is key to critical of an effort to maintain direct, you rhetoric is. If America stands for note that both the executive and legis high-level contact with senior Chinese self-determination, it stands on the lative branches have good reasons for leaders is ironic if not dangerous. It is side of people who seek freedom, then their actions. Congress passed compas ironic because liberals for 20 years in sionate legislation. The President had sisted on public recognition and diplo we override this veto today. Anything a very thoughtful reason to veto that matic intercourse with the Mao Ze short of that is un-American. legislation, his concern not only for dong's China, and now object to seri I commend the gentlewoman from students in this country at this time, ous quiet discussion with Deng Xiaop California CMs. PELOSI] for her fine but that we might not be able to ing's government. effort, and the respective chairmen. obtain future students based on ex It is dangerous because Pol Pot and The SPEAKER pro tempore. The changes. the Khmer Rouge are today closer to gentleman from Illinois CMr. MICHEL] I stress the good intentions all achieving a decisive military and polit has 2112 minutes remaining. around because at a symbolic level, ical advantage over the militarily inept Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I am not some suggested that the veto override Cambodian Government of Hun Sen. altogether sure it was in my best inter represents a quasi-vote of no confi To conclude, l would like to empha est to yield the extra minute to my dence on the President's policy. I be size that on the narrow issue of immi distinguished friend, the gentleman lieve this vote should not be consid gration policy, philosophically this from Florida CMr. FASCELL]. However, ered in that context. As a Member veto override might be considered to I will give Members a much more ra who believed Congress was right to reflect a healthy competition between tional argument why Members ought pass the Pelosi bill, that the President coequal institutions of government as to support my preferential motion was justified to veto it, but Congress well as political parties. In a sense it here today, and in the event that it nonetheless, correct in moving to over may be seen as a celebration of a does not pass, I want to make it quite ride; I would like to stress that the bal healthy aspect of American politics, a clear that I will be voting to sustain ancing factor is the appropriateness of bipartisan and bi-institutional desire the President's veto of the legislation. Congress taking the lead role in immi to do right by 73,000 Chinese students, I am going to begin my remarks here gration policy, and the necessity of especially the 40,000 among them who with a quotation which is not my own, this body as a barometer of American hold "J" visas. but is very appropriate for the occa values not being coerced by octogenar However, I stress that competition sion. ian oppressors in Beijing. for good government can contain seeds It reads as such: 428 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE January 24, 1990 There are many practical reasons why the ceived as many Christmas cards from approval of H.R. 2712, the "Emergency Chi President must keep in contact with the Chinese students around the country nese Immigration Relief Act of 1989." present Chinese leadership no matter how at the various universities as I did The relationship between the United distasteful such contact is for himself and they were very touching-thanking us States and China has been difficult since the other American people. There is simply June 1989 and the positive steps taken by no other alternative if we want to get things for what we had done. They have a President Bush to normalize relationship done. By maintaining contact the President real network in this country, and I ap with China is serving the best interest of cannot right the wrong that has already preciated their taking their time to this nation. An override of the Presidential been done but he may be able to prevent send Christmas cards in appreciation veto at this time will definitely send the that gang of power-mad old men in Beijing for our expressing our point of view. wrong message to the leadership in China from inflicting more madness on the Chi It was a magnificent gesture of com about American intentions. It will also com nese people and the civilized world passion and concern for us to have plicate a very sensitive situation, not to adopted the legislation initially. but mention the negative effect of limiting the 0 1540 fine gestures are not substitutes for President's ability to conduct diplomacy. Mr. Speaker. the words I have just sound policy. We strongly believe that the Presidential read are not. as I said, my own. They Directive makes H.R. 2712 totally unneces Some may argue that the situation sary. We also believe that the Presidential are the words of Nien Cheng, author in China is still bad, and of course it is. Directive provides broader and better pro of "Life and Death in Shanghai," a No one is denying that. My point is tection for the Chinese students. We also memoir of her survival as a prisoner of not that things are better. only that oppose legislation that put America in a the Chinese Communist Government. they are different and more complex straightjacket and Congressional actions I do not know where Nien Cheng with the passage of time. and we owe that limit options available to the Executive stands on the bill, H.R. 2712. but her it to the American people to analyze Branch in responding to changing circum words remind us that what is at stake stances. the differences. No Chinese students The President has acted in the long term here is not just an immigration policy in the United States and no principle best interest of America. We urge Congress but the way the United States con of human rights will be sacrificed by a NOT to override the Presidential decision to ducts foreign policy. thorough re-examination of the cur withhold approval of H.R. 2712. I am glad. at long last. to see univer rent situation. It may well be that Sincerely, sal concern for human rights in China. after such an examination we could Samuel T. Mok, Hun J. Goon, Lawrence T. When we opened relations with the decide to take different. perhaps even Tom, Yen-Den A. Chen, the Chinese Con China of Chou En Lai and Chairman more wide-ranging action. And let me solidated Benevolent Association of Wash Mao. those who told us of the tens of repeat-there will be no danger to the ington, DC. if Alfred Hong, Chinese American Citizen millions of innocent victims of Chinese Chinese students we take a second Alliance. Communists were scorned as not being look. They are already protected by Barry Tien, New Jersey Asian American "pragmatic." But because of foreign the President's directive. Political Coalition. policy considerations. we went ahead Principled, effective foreign policy Julie Rao, Asian American Congressional and established relations with the demands commitment to the long run. Forum. bloodiest dictatorship in the world. to hard work, often behind the scenes. Robert Kwok, Chinese American Music and many of those now criticizing sometimes involving compromise. Society. President Bush applauded the opening sometimes involving confrontation. It Heo-Peh Lee, Chinese American Political sometimes involves, frankly. holding Action Association of New York. to China of Chairman Mao and Chou Grant Moy, attorney, Bethesda, MD; Rev. En Lai. your nose with one hand while extend Man-King Tso, Baptist Church, George I mention this only to clarify a point ing the other. town, Wash., DC; Rev. Jonathan Liu, Chi that I am sure will be made later on in President Bush knows China. I nese Bible Church, Rockville, MD; Daniel the debate on the actual veto message. would say. as well as. if not better Ho, professor, Wash., DC; Patrick Sung, at Some who want to override the than. any Member of this House of torney, Arlington, VA; Dr. Robert Kwok, President's veto will say that the Representatives. He knows her people. M.D., Silver Spring, MD; Eleanor Wang, President is insensitive to the Tianan He knows their special traits. and he businesswoman, Annapolis, MD; Homer men Square massacre. but under our must be given the room to make the Chen, engineer, Wash., DC; Dr. Grace Shu, foreign policy moves he feels are in Williamsport, PA; Dr. Robert Hsueh, attor system an American President has to ney, Dallas, TX; Professor Chi Wang, keep in touch with friend and foe the long-range, best interests of our Wash., DC; Nelson Lee, businessman, Silver alike. and some may be down right country. Spring, MD. bloody dictators. Since the goal of the President and In 1941 Stalin had more innocent of the Congress is the same. that is, THE GUANGDONG BENEVOLENT blood on his hands than Hitler. but protecting the Chinese students. and ASSOCIATION OF GREATER WASHINGTON, President Roosevelt embraced him at since the students are now protected, Washington, DC, January 19, 1990. the time in the long-range best inter why not take the extra time and effort Hon. GEORGE MITCHELL, ests of the United States. to re-examine what we have done? Senate Majority Leader, U.S. Senate, Wash Surely we owe it to the Chinese stu ington, DC. Well. you might say: "But that was DEAR SENATOR MITCHELL: The Guangdong war." dents and to the American people to Benevolent Association of Greater Washing I say that our relationship to China show that democratic government in ton and the following organizations wish to will have a bearing on the next 50 volves the willingness on the part of convey to all the United States Senators a years of world history. We have to the Legislature to admit it can per message. The organizations are: keep the lines of communication open haps do a better job. Chinese American Communities of USA. and let those who decried the opening Mr. Speaker, I ask support for our National Association of Chinese Ameri motion to refer this matter to both cans, Washington, DC. to China on human rights grounds The Fujian Residents Association, Wash cast the first stone. Let those who say the committee on Foreign Affairs and the Committee on the Judiciary. ington, DC. we should not have embraced bloody Associated Organizations of Chinese Stalin lecture to us on morality. Finally, Mr. Speaker, I would like to American Heritage, Washington, DC. I voted for H.R. 2712 with the over include at this point in the RECORD American Center for Medical Sciences. whelming majority of our colleagues three letters reflecting the views of 22 American Chinese Freemason Society. because the principles at the heart of Chinese-American organizations in Moy's Association. our bill reflected our universal desire support of the President's veto. Chinese American Chamber of Commerce, JANUARY 22, 1990. USA. to help the Chinese students in the Hon. GEORGE MITCHELL, The Gee How Oak Tin Association. United States. U.S. Senate, Washington, DC. China Reunification Alliance, Washing Incidentally. I do not know how DEAR SENATOR MITCHELL: We applaud and ton, DC. many other Members out there re- support the President's decision to withhold KiangSu Residents Association. January 24, 1990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 429 The message is a simple one. Burton Hiler Ravenel McDermott Price Solarz We believe the President did the right Callahan Holloway Regula McHugh Pursell Spratt thing when he withheld approval of the Chandler Hopkins Rhodes McMillen Rahall Staggers Clinger Horton Ridge McNulty Rangel Stallings Emergency Chinese Immigration Relief Act Coble Houghton Ritter Mfume Ray Stark of 1989. We also believe that an override of Coleman Hunter Roberts Miller Richardson Stenholm this Presidential decision will not serve the Combest Hyde Robinson Miller Rinaldo Stokes best interest of United States, China, and Coughlin Inhofe Rogers Mineta Roe Studds the Chinese students in this country. As Courter Ireland Ros·Lehtinen Moakley Rohrabacher Swift Chinese Americans, we speak with compas Craig James Roth Mollohan Rose Synar Crane Johnson Saxton Montgomery Rostenkowski Tallon sion for these students. As American tax Dannemeyer Kyl Schaefer Moody Roukema Tanner payers and voters, we speak with the inter Davis Leach Schiff Morella Rowland Tauzin est of United States in mind. An override DeLay Lent Schulze Morrison Rowland Taylor will endanger longterm relationship be DeWine Lewis Sensenbrenner Mruek Roybal Thomas tween China and the United States. It will Dickinson Lewis Shaw Murtha Russo Torres also mislead the Chinese Government about Dornan Shuster NealCMA> Sangmeister Traficant Edwards Madigan Skeen Neal Sarpallus Traxler Please DO NOT allow the override of the Emerson Marlenee Slaughter Nowak Savage Udall President's decision on H.R. 2712 to take Fawell Martin {IL) Smith Oberstar Sawyer Unsoeld place. Fields Martin Smith Obey Scheuer Valentine Respectively, Fish McCandless Smith, Robert Olin Schneider Vento DOUGLAS TOY, Frenzel McCollum Ortiz Schroeder Visclosky Chairman. Gallegly McCrery Solomon Owens Schuette Volkmer Gallo McEwen Spence OWens Schumer Walgren Gekas McGrath Stangeland Pallone Sharp Walsh JANUARY 22, 1990. Gillmor McMillan Stearns Panetta Sisisky Washington PRESIDENT GEORGE BUSH Gingrich Meyers Stump Parker Skaggs Watkins The White House, Washington, DC Goodling Michel Sundquist Parris Skelton Waxman DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: We are writing this Goss Miller Tauke Patterson Slattery Weiss letter to support your position and policy re Gradison Moorhead Thomas Payne(NJ> Slaughter Wheat Grandy Morrison Thomas PayneCVA> S.mith Whitten garding the Chinese students present in the Grant Myers Upton Pease Smith CIA> Williams United States. We know you would never Gunderson Nielson Walker Pelosi Smith Wilson allow any action that would force the return Hammerschmidt Oxley Weber Penny Smith{VT) Wise of Chinese students if their lives or liberty Hancock Packard Weldon Perkins Smith, Denny Wolpe are in danger. We know you have firm com Hansen Pashayan Whittaker Pickett Wyden mitment and are supportive of the humani Hastert Paxon Wolf Pickle Smith, Robert Yates tarian principles that Chinese students are Hefley Petri Wylie Porter Yatron fighting for. We think your Executive Order Herger Quillen YoungCFL> Poshard Snowe provides immediate and broader protection NAYS-276 NOT VOTING-18 than H.R. 2712. Ackerman Crockett Hefner AuCoin Ford Nelson Therefore, we strongly support your Akak.a Darden Henry Bilirakis Kolbe Oak.ar memorandum of disapproval issued on No Alexander de la G8.r?.& Hertel Carr Kolter Sikorski vember 30, 1989. You have a long record Anderson DeFazio Hoagland Donnelly Luken, Thomas VanderJagt being a supporter of fighter for human Andrews Dellums Hochbrueckner Flake McDade Vucanovich rights. We firmly believe that you and Annunzio Derrick Hoyer Flippo Murphy Young America will always stand with freedom Anthony Dicks Hubbard Applegate Dingell Huckaby D 1605 loving men and women around the world. Aspin Dixon Hughes Respectfully yours, Atkins Dorgan (ND) Hutto The Clerk announced the following Dallas Asian-American Chamber of Com- Barnard Douglas Jacobs pairs: merce. Bates Downey Jenkins Dallas Asian-American Voters Coalition. Beilenson Durbin Johnson On this vote: Chinese Lions Club. Bennett Dwyer Johnston Mr. Bilirakis for, with Mr. Aucoin against. Chinese Chamber of Commerce. Bereuter Dymally Jones Mr. McDade for, with Mr. Sikorski Berman Dyson Jones Mr. Speaker, I move the previous Bevill Early Jontz against. question on the preferential motion. Bilbray Eckart Kanjorski Mr. HORTON and Mr. GOODLING Boehlert EdwardsCCA> Kaptur changed their vote from "nay" to The previous question was ordered. Boggs Engel Kasich The SPEAKER pro tempore Ford Lancaster The SPEAKER pro tempore Frank Lantos KILDEE). The unfinished business is to the vote on the ground that a Bruce Frost Laughlin the further consideration of the veto quorum is not present and make the Bryant Gaydos Leath Bustamante GeJdenson LehmanCCA> message of the President of the point of order that a quorum is not Byron Gephardt Lehman (F'L) United States on the bill Geren Levin to facilitate the adjustment or change The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evi Campbell Gibbons Levine of status of Chinese nationals in the dently a quorum is not present. Cardin Gilman LewisCGA> Carper Glickman Lipinski United States by waiving the 2-year The Sergeant at Arms will notify Chapman Gonz&lez Lloyd foreign residence requirement for "J" absent Members. Clarke Gordon Long The vote was taken by electronic Clay Gray Lowey nonimmigrants. Clement Green Lukens, Donald The question is, Will the House, on device, and there were-yeas 137, nays Coleman Guarini Machtley 276, not voting 18, as follows: Manton reconsideration, pass the bill, the ob Collins Hall jections of the President to the con CRoll No. 31 Condit Hall Markey Conte Hamilton Martinez trary notwithstanding? YEAS-137 Conyers Harris Matsui Cooper Hatcher Mavroules The gentleman from Texas CMr. Archer Bartlett Bliley Costello Hawkins Mazmli BROOKS] is recognized for 1 hour. Armey Barton Broomfield Cox Hayes {IL) McCloskey Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield Bak.er Bateman Buechner Coyne Hayes McCurdy Ballenger Bentley Bunning myself such time as I may consume. 430 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE January 24, 19.90 Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of to rely on any future administrative tions. The memorandum of disapprov voting to override the President's veto action to accomplish the purposes of al has been entered into the Journal. of H.R. 2712, The Emergency Chinese H.R. 2712. It is now the constitutional duty of Immigration Relief Act of 1989, and I There are signs that the administra the House to decide whether the bill am pleased to yield 30 minutes of the tion's efforts to normalize relations shall become law, the objections of the time to the distinguished ranking mi with the People's Republic of China President to the contrary notwith nority member of the Committee on are having some effect. The resump standing. the Judiciary, the gentleman from tion of educational and cultural con The allegation by the President that New York [Mr. FISH], for purposes of tacts with China, as well as that Gov he has pocket vetoed the bill is wrong debate only. ernment's release of a number of indi both as a matter of fact, and improper Mr. Speaker, H.R. 2712 simply viduals who had been detained after as a matter of governmental policy. It waives, for students from the People's last year's demonstrations show that Republic of China, the requirement is wrong as a matter of fact since the relationships are improving. I do not President returned the bill with his that foreign exchange visitors must go believe that this bill will have any home at least 2 years after they have objections to the originating House. damaging effect on those efforts. Prior to the recess, both Houses adopt completed their studies here. The Rather, it will show our Nation's re House has overwhelmingly approved solve that long-term improvements in ed House Concurrent Resolution 239, H.R. 2712 on three separate occasions, relations between the two countries the adjournment resolution, which the last time, which was the confer must be grounded on a mutual respect specifically authorized the Clerk of ence report, by a recorded vote of 403 for individual rights. the House, and the Secretary of the to 0. The Senate has approved the Mr. Speaker, I want to thank the Senate to receive messages from the measure unanimously on three sepa gentlewoman from California [Ms. President when their Houses were not rate occasions. But the President's de PELOSI] who is the primary sponsor of in session for the stated purpose of cision to veto the bill compels the H.R. 2712 for all the excellent hard preserving their "constitutional House and Senate to vote on it once work she has done and I urge my col prerogative • • • to reconsider vetoed again, and that's what we'll be doing leagues to vote once again for H.R. measures in light of the objections of today. 2712 by voting "yes" on the question the President." By virtue of House We don't enjoy being at loggerheads of overriding the President's veto of Concurrent Resolution 239, the Con with the administration over this bill. this important bill. gress intentionally acted so as not to And this issue, really, is not whether In addition, Mr. Speaker, I would prevent the President from returning the terms and conditions of H.R. 2712 like to take this opportunity to briefly any bill to the Congress for its recon are good or bad, because the fact is discuss a matter of great constitution sideration. For purposes of the pocket that the administration has agreed al significance which the President's veto clause of the Constitution, the that they are good and suggests it will actions on this bill have raised. The Congress was here to receive any mes implement administratively all of President, in his "memorandum of dis sage the President wished to send. Ac those terms and conditions. So we are approval," stated that "the adjourn cordingly, in my opinion, the bill was arguing about substance, we are argu ment of the Congress has prevented subjected to a normal, or return veto. ing about process. And so this is our my return of H.R. 2712 within the The President's attempt to invoke a choice: Do we want a statute or, in meaning of article I, section 7, clause 2 pocket veto in this situation is wrong stead, an administrative decree? of the Constitution. Accordingly, my as a matter of governmental policy be Frankly, I am not convinced that the withholding of approval from the bill cause it is an encroachment upon the executive branch has the authority precludes its becoming law." The prerogatives of the Congress to recon under existing statutes and regula President cites the pocket veto case of sider bills which have been disap tions to provide the kind of blanket 1929 in support of this proposition. proved by the President. We have a waiver called for in the bill. In any Mr. Speaker, I believe that the Presi solemn duty to undertake such a re event, I submit that the rights and dent is wrong and he has seriously consideration. The constitutional lan benefits embodied in H.R. 2712 are de misread the Constitution. His message guage which I have cited clearly con serving of statutory protection. They is an attempt to encroach upon the templates that, as a check on execu are immigration rights, but they are prerogatives of the Congress. tive authority, the Congress will have also human rights, and should not be The Constitution is quite clear. It the right to reconsider bills, taking the relegated to the back pages of the states that: Code of Federal Regulations or field President's objections into consider Every bill which shall have passed the ation. There is no viable governmental instructions issued by the INS. House of Representatives and the Senate, Furthermore, in light of a particular purpose served by this naked attempt shall, before it become a law, be presented to deprive the Congress of the oppor case of which I am aware, I am not at to the President of the United States; if he all sure that the administration will approve he shall sign it, but if not he shall tunity for such review. implement in good faith its stated in return it, with his objections to that House While some may argue that the tentions. The son of a friend of mine in which it shall have originated, who shall length of time during which the Con in China has been admitted to a uni enter the objections at large on their Jour gress will be unable to reconsider a bill versity in the United States and is sup nal, and proceed to reconsider it. If after between sessions necessitates the such reconsideration two thirds of the President's taking the final action in posed to reenroll there today. He has House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be his Chinese passport and his exit visa, sent, together with the objections, to the the form of a pocket veto, I do not but has twice been denied an entrance other House, by which it shall likewise be agree with this reasoning. Vetoed bills visa by the United States State De reconsidered, and if approved by two thirds which are returned are subject to re partment. When President Bush of that House, it shall become a law. James lives,. to stay here legally and without fear. It Anderson DomanCCA> Jenkins threatened by the Justice Department could Andrews Douglas Johnson would also give them the security to continue be avoided by Congress just putting the veto Annunzio Downey Johnson CSD> their public support for the democracy move aside. Passing another bill, we are told, would Anthony Dreier Johnston ment in their homeland. be a supposedly simple step, given the tre Applegate Duncan JonesCGA> Archer Durbin Jones CNC> This country stands for freedom and de mendous bipartisan-partisan support for pro Armey Dwyer Jontz mocracy throughout the world, for all people. tecting Chinese nationals and an entire ses As pin Dymally Kanjorskl Let's not send these innocent students back sion of the Congress before us. Atkins Dyson Kaptur Ballenger Early Kasich to potential death or imprisonment. This argument is deceptive and unpersua Barnard Eckart Kastenmeier Let's not leave them with the constant anxi sive. Any diversion to attempting a new bill Bartlett Edwards CCA> Kennedy ety that their status depends on an adminis would mean further delays and uncertainties Barton Edwards COK> Kennelly tration that is infatuated with the idea of a re Bates Emerson Klldee in protecting the concerned Chinese students. Bellenson Engel Kleczka lationship with China-no matter what the Moreover, starting over with a new bill would Bennett English Kostmayer consequences. create real risks that this immigration protec Bentley Erdreich Kyl Vote "Yes" for the override. tion would get wrapped up in the entire ques Bereuter Espy LaFalce Berman Evans Lagomarsino Mr. Speaker, I rise today to urge my col tion of proposals for economic sanctions. This Bevill Fascell Lancaster leagues to vote to override the President's risk is doubly present when any new bill of Bllbray Fawell Lantos veto on H.R. 2712, the Emergency Chinese ours reaches the other body, where such a Billey Fazio Laughlin Boehlert Feighan Leach CIA> Students Immigration Relief. proposal would be subject to all kinds of non Boggs Fields LeathCTX> First I want to commend the work of Con germane amendments, jurisdictional disputes, Bonior Fish LehmanCCA> gresswoman PELOSI in putting together this filibusters, second conferences, and other Borski Foglletta LehmanCFL> excellent legislation. I also want to express my complications. Bosco Ford CMI> Levin (Ml) Boucher Ford CTN> Levine CCA> appreciation for the leadership's decision to By resolving this veto override, we are rec Boxer Frank LewisCCA> make this bill a top priority. ognizing that the President's veto, under the Brennan Frenzel Lewis CFL> Mr. MOODY. Mr. Speaker, I strongly support Constitution, is meant to give Congress a Brooks Frost LewisCGA> Broomfield Gallegly Lightfoot the legislation before us today that will extend clear choice-should the Emergency Chinese Browder Gallo Lipinski the visas of Chinese students here in the Immigration Relief Act, exactly as both BrownCCA> Gaydos Livingston United States. I hope that both the House and Houses already voted for it, be enacted de BrownCCO> GeJdenson Lloyd spite · the President's objections? Let us Bruce Gephardt Long Senate will vote to override President Bush's Bryant Geren LoweryCCA> veto of this bill by a strong margin. answer that question with a clear "yes." Buechner Gibbons LoweyCNY> This legislation will accomplish two things. Mr. JAMES. Mr. Speaker, today we are con Bunning Gilman Luken, Thomas First, it will eliminate the 2-year foreign resi Burton Gingrich Lukens, Donald sidering the Emergency Chinese Immigration Bustamante Glickman Machtley dence requirement for these students, Relief Act of 1989. I am voting to override the Byron Gonzalez Manton Second, it will modify the Extended Deferred President's veto on the status of Chinese stu Callahan Goodling Markey Departure program to allow the students who dent visas. The reason for my vote is simple. Campbell CCA> Gordon Marlenee Campbell CCO> Gradlson MartinCIL> qualify to apply for permanent resident status. The Chinese students in both this country and Cardin Grandy MartinCNY> I feel that these measures are of utmost im in China have demonstrated great bravery and Carper Grant Martinez portance to Chinese students who are here in commitment to democratic principles by Chandler Gray Matsui standing up to the dictatorial Communist Chapman Green Mavroules the United States and fearful of returning to Clarke Guarini Mazzoll China today. regime in China. They are defenders of free Clay Gunderson McCandless These students, regardless of their personal dom. We cannot abandon these brave men Clement Hall COH> McCloskey views, come under suspicion by the Chinese and women in their hour of need. If they re Clinger Hall CTX> McCollum Coble Hamilton McCurdy Government simply because they have taken turned home now, they would face immediate Coleman CMO> Hancock McDermott the opportunity to study at an American insti arrest and possible execution. America was Coleman Harris McEwen tution. We must recognize that reality and ad founded on the principles of liberty and de Collins Hatcher McGrath mocracy for all mankind, and we must help Condit Hawkins McHugh dress it. Conte Hayes CIL) McMillan CNC> This veto override is important for two rea those who defend these sacred principles. My Conyers Hayes McMlllen CMD> sons. vote is a vote to confirm all that we stand for, Cooper Hefley McNulty and I will continue to fight against oppression Costello Hefner Meyers First, it provides statutory guarantees-over Courter Henry Mfume and above the administrative steps that have wherever it exists in the world. Cox Berger MlllerCCA> been taken-to the Chinese students who Mr. FISH. Mr. Speaker, I yield back Coyne Hertel Miller COH> need this protection and certainty. Craig Hiler Miller CWA> the balance of my time. Crane Hoagland Mineta Second, it sends a very clear signal to the Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield Crockett Hochbrueckner Moakley Chinese Government that the people of the back the balance of my time and I Dannemeyer Hopkins Mollohan United States have not forgotten the events of move the previous question. Darden Horton Montgomery Davis Houghton Moody Tiananmen Square; they have not forgotten The previous question was ordered. de la Garza Hoyer Moorhead the democratic aspirations of the Chinese The SPEAKER pro tempore were "business as usual" in China. House, on reconsideration, pass the Derrick Hughes Morrison CWA> DeWine Hunter Mrazek I salute the Chinese students here and in bill, the objections of the President to Dickinson Hutto Murtha China that have had the courage to speak out the contrary notwithstanding? Dicks Hyde Myers January 24, 1990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 445 Nagle Roth Stallings GENERAL LEAVE Mr. GRAY. Mr. Speaker, will the Natcher Roukema Stangeland Neal Rowland Stark Mr. BROOKS. Mr. Speaker, I ask gentleman yield? Neal Rowland Stearns unanimous consent that all Members Mr. GINGRICH. I am happy to Nielson Roybal Stenholm yield to the gentleman from Pennsyl Nowak Russo Stokes may have 5 legislative days in which to Oberstar Sabo Studds revise and extend their remarks on vania. Obey Saiki Swift H.R. 2712, the bill just passed. Mr. ORAY. Mr. Speaker, tomorrow Olin Sangmeister Synar The SPEAKER. Is there objection the House meets at 11, but there is no Ortiz Sarpallus Tallon legislative business. Friday the House Owens Savage Tanner to the request of the gentleman from Owens Sawyer Tauke Texas? will not be in session. Oxley Saxton Tauzin There was no objection. On Monday, the House meets at Packard Schaefer Taylor noon, but there is no legislative busi Pallone Scheuer Thomas Panetta Schiff Thomas ness. On Tuesday the House will meet Parker Schneider Thomas PERSONAL EXPLANATION at noon and there will be suspensions, Parris Schroeder Torres Mr. NELSON of Florida. Mr. Speaker, had I and on Wednesday the House will Pashayan Schuette Torricelli been present on January 24, 1990, I would Patterson Schulze Towns meet at noon to consider the National Paxon Schumer Traficant have voted "aye" on rollcall 4; "nay" on roll Voters' Registration Act of 1989, and Payne(NJ) Sharp Traxler call 3. the House will recess until 8:30 p.m. on Payne Shaw Udall Wednesday and will reconvene at 9 Pease Shays Unsoeld REMOVAL OF NAME OF MEMBER Pelosi Shumway Upton AS COSPONSOR OF H.R. 3456 p.m. to receive the President of the Penny Shuster Valentine United States in a joint meeting for Perkins Sisisky Vento Mr. SAXTON. Mr. Speaker, I ask the State of the Union Address. On Pickett Skaggs Visclosky unanimous consent that my name be Pickle Skeen Volkmer Thursday, February 1, the House Porter Skelton Vucanovich removed as a cosponsor of H.R. 3456. meets at 11 a.m., and there will be no Poshard Slattery Walgren The SPEAKER. Is there objection legislative business. Then on Friday, . Price Slaughter Walker to the request of the gentleman from February 2, the House will not be in Pursell Slaughter Walsh New Jersey? Rahall Smith Washington session. Rangel Smith Watkins There was no objection. Mr. GINGRICH. Mr. Speaker, let Ravenel Smith Waxman me, if I might, ask of my friend, the Ray Smith(NJ) Weber Regula Smith Weiss APPOINTMENT OF CONFEREES gentleman from Pennsylvania: The Rhodes Smith, Denny Weldon ON H.R. 2364, AMTRAK REAU gentleman mentioned suspensions on Richardson Wheat Tuesday, January 30. We are currently Ridge Smith, Robert Whittaker THORIZATION AND IMPROVE Rinaldo Whitten MENT ACT OF 1989 listing S. 1521, relating to the police Ritter Smith, Robert Williams Mr. SWIFT. Mr. Speaker, I ask force of the National Zoological Park. Roberts Wise Does the gentleman expect any other Roe Snowe Wolf unanimous consent to take from the suspensions, and would he happen to Rogers Solarz Wolpe Speaker's table the bill The SPEAKER. Is there objection DeLay Lent Stump to the request of the gentleman from addition. Gekas Madigan Sundquist Washington? Mr. GINGRICH. I also wanted to Gillmor McCrery Young ask: There are two actions with rela Goss Michel The Chair hears none, and appoints Hammerschmidt Petri the following conferees: tion to Panama. One is a resolution From the Committee on Energy and which I understand was initially draft NOT VOTING-16 Commerce: Messrs. DINGELL, THOMAS ed and then pulled this week com AuCoin Kolbe Sikorski A. LUKEN, ECKART, SLATTERY, BOUCHER, mending our troops for their effort in Billrakis Kolter VanderJagt Panama and commending the Pana Carr McDade Wilson LENT, WHITTAKER, TAUKE section 4 of the House bill and section manian people and possibly commend Flake Nelson 4 of the Senate amendment>, and ing the President for his decision Flippo Oakar BLILEY . sanctions that were imposed on The Clerk announced the following Additional conferees: Panama while Noriega was in charge. pair: From the Committee on the Judici Does the gentleman have any infor On this vote: ary : to the floor? McDade against. Messrs. BROOKS, MAZZOLI, EDWARDS of Mr. GRAY. If the gentleman will Mr. HAWKINS cnanged his vote California, FISH, and MOORHEAD. yield further, it is my understanding from "nay" to "yea." The Chair will reserve authority to that the Committee on Foreign Af So, two-thirds having voted in favor appoint additional conferees. fairs is considering both of those thereof, the bill was passed, the objec items. I would say to the minority whip, the gentleman from Georgia, tions of the President to the contrary LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM notwithstanding. that there is considerable support on 39-059 0-91-15 (Pt. 1) 448 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE January 24, 1990 others sought cover, he saved lives and to specifically mention one of these guished honor of being named "Ameri protected his ship . from crippling transactions. can Business Woman of the Year" by damage. Rich's, one of Atlanta's true retail the American Business Women's Asso Alonzo Swarm's first petition to be institutions, finds itself owned by a ciation [ABWAl. duly recognized for his bravery fell on holding company controlled by a cor Each year the ABWA recognizes one the Navy's deaf ears. He is not satis porate raider named Campeau who of its member's professional achieve fied, I am not satisfied, and the people has filed for bankruptcy protection. ments and community involvement of the United States of America Rich's is a profitmaking business and and presents them with its highest should not be satisfied. The Navy has its employees work hard every day to award. I am not surprised that 1989's informed me that they have reopened provide quality goods and services to recipient was Martha. Mr. Swarm's case. I thank the Navy the general public. While Rich's has I have known Martha since I was a and strongly urge them to give him his remained profitable, the parent com county judge in San Antonio, Bexar long sought, just reward. Award pany has an overlay of debt which County, and she has always been a Alonzo A. Swann the Navy Cross. cannot be overcome. leader in the community. Her unre What is especially tragic is that our lenting effort to help others has bene Tax Code provides an incentive for fited those in San Antonio. Martha's H.R. 3686, FAIR HOUSING ACT companies to go further into debt and devotion to education and her person AMENDMENT discourages the accumulation of al involvement in teaching others to ment-in early January, Acting Presi many landlords of senior parks have Mr. DONALD E. "BUZ" LUKENS. decided to open their projects to fami dent Wolfgang Grlach, announced his Mr. Speaker, freedom is bursting out intention to complete the dismantling lies. all over the world. It is a marvelous My legislation would eliminate this of the wall. If you read the transcript sight to behold. We watched Central of the speech you also learned of the requirement for such amenities, giving America, Ea.st Europe, Lebanon, South landlords and senior citizens a clearer intention to replace the soon-to-be Africa, where progress is being made. downed wall, with a metal fence of idea of what exactly is required. But we need to remember our natural The bill does keep in place safe some sort. neighbors, Latin America. It is a his I was very interested to see that guards against discrimination by re toric alliance. It is politically right, it quiring senior housing to demonstrate news reports of Mr. Grlach's speech is morally correct, and they make a did not contain any reference to the an intention to be a seniors housing natural economic trading and commer project by having 80 percent of the metal fence proposal. Perhaps no one cial partner. wanted to "Jam a stick into the dwelling units occupied by one person Everyone looks to 1992 in Europe, over the age of 55. spokes" of what has uinversally been the little dragons of Asia and our trou regarded as an extraordinary develop I do not believe that it is fair to bled Middle Ea.st. But with our grow senior citizens to expect them to live ing Spanish-speaking population in ment-the tearing down of the Berlin in this state of limbo. By eliminating the United States, we need to remem Wall. The idea of replacing the wall this provision the law will be clarified ber to come home and have a vision, to with a fence was finally mentioned in and landlords will be able to easily de come home and look ahead, to come a caption that accompanied a picture termine if they meet the regulations home and make international progress of Ea.st German workers removing a without having to go to court. by taking care of our natural geo large segment of the Berlin Wall, in I urge my colleagues to support H.R. graphic, historic partners, Latin Amer yesterday's New York Times. 3683, and stop discrimination against ica. I mention this little story because I senior housing. The whole world looks for exploding am concerned about people who exhib freedom in Europe; let us not forget it a dangerous penchant for hearing our natural neighbors. what they want to hear, they want to LEVERAGED BUYOUTS LEAVE hear it. No one doubts the fact that DEDICATED COMPANY EM the world is changing by leaps and PLOYEES WITHOUT JOBS OR TRIBUTE TO MARTHA HICKS bounds, and certainly we all want the INCOME (Mr. BUSTAMANTE asked and was seeds of democracy to flourish in Ea.st of the Presidential Science LOAN LOSS RESERVE and Technology Advisory Organization Act entists to teach at elementary and sec The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under ondary schools under alternative of 1976 <42 U.S.C. 6614(a)) is amended- teacher certification plans as well as (1 > by striking "and" at the end of para a previous order of the House, the gen graph <12>; tleman from Wisconsin [Mr. KLECZKAl the offering of job cooperatives with <2> by redesignating paragraph <13> as Federal entities engaged in scientific paragraph <14>; and is recognized for 5 minutes. research. The Department of Energy <3> by inserting after paragraph <12> the Mr. KLECZKA. Mr. Speaker, after many and NASA are among some of the following new paragraph: years of unflattering reports from the General more prominent Federal Department "(13) coordinate Federal policy designed Accounting Office [GAO] and repeated calls and agencies which are currently en to improve the instruction of mathematics to action, the Export-Import Bank of the and science at the elementary, secondary, United States [Eximbank] announced on Janu gaged in developing such programs. and postsecondary levels, and assess how While all of these initiatives are the various Federal departments and agen ary 4 the creation of $4.8 billion reserve to promising and exciting, there is one cies can assist and encourage American stu cover possible losses on 40 percent of its out major flow that afflicts them all: Not dents to pursue postsecondary study in standing loans and guarantees. As the author enough Federal policy coordination. mathematics, science, engineering, and of similar legislation (H.R. 3608) during the The need to make Federal policy on other technology-related disciplines which 1OOth Congress, I am delighted by the Exim math and science education a high pri may be of vital importance in enhancing our bank's decision to establish the reserve. The Nation's economic competitiveness; and". ority is clearly underscored in the task loan loss requirement retroactively took effect SEC. 2. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY REPORT AND force's report. Accordingly to the task OUTLOOK. to September 30, 1989. force, Federal policy in these educa Section 206(a) of the Presidential Science Eximbank's refusal to account for loan tional areas should be made and co and Technology Advisory Organization Act losses hampered the ability of this key Feder ordinated at the Presidential level due of 1976 (42 U.S.C. 6615Ca)) is amended- al export agency to operate vigorously. With to the President's "broad, strong, and <1> by striking "and" at the end of para out real-world accounting, Eximbank loan and graph (5); immediate" influence. This is the prin guarantee losses would likely esclate, and re cipal reason why the task force specifi <2> by striking the period at the end of cally requested that the President: paragraph <6> and inserting in lieu thereof strict the U.S. role in present and future for ";and"; and eign development. Establishing a loan loss re Direct the White House Office of Science <3> by adding at the end of the following serve is crucial for this reason-and especially and Technology Policy to establish a Feder new paragraph: al coordination committee for science, engi important in light of a 1987 GAO report stating "(7) an evaluation of Federal efforts to en that discounted Eximbank loan sales may neering and technology to provide visibility, hance mathematics and science education, coordination, and accountability for Federal including an assessment of the effectiveness result in substantial losses for the agency in agency plans to strengthen the science and of Federal programs designed to assist in in the years in which they are sold. At least now engineering work force. creasing our Nation's manpower resources the impact of any Eximbank loan sales will be I believe this recommendation is in mathematics, science, engineering, and minimal, since the losses are already recog probably one of the most important other technology-related disciplines.". nized in the reserve. Hopefully, this action will made by the task force, because it also boost the long-term financial condition of touches on a crucial point: The need LEGISLATION TO EXTEND DUTY the Eximbank. As before, the Eximbank will for better coordination between the SUSPENSION ON CERTAIN TEX continue to borrow funds from the Federal Fi various Federal departments and agen TILE EQUIPMENT nancing Bank for new loans and expand its cies in promoting science education. activities during this period of expansion in the This is precisely the rationale for my The SPEAKER pro tempore Jimmy Carter, what anybody had in mind when they ironically, being seen as slightly more D 1810 created schools and when they created conservative on social policy than Mr. Speaker, everybody today agrees education and having nothing to do Gerald Ford, and so the result was that they move very slowly and over a with the well-being of the children. that there was not even a leftwing very long period of time, but every Mr. Speaker, I was told last night by candidate. By 1980 Carter was clearly body agrees that the continents moved one New York reporter that to the seen as the candidate of the left, and over the last several billion years and best of this knowledge in the last 10 he dropped to 41 percent. By 1984 that that is part of what explains, for years, in all of the eighties, in New Reagan was faced with an opponent example, the Himalaya and Mount Ev York City, because of the work rules, who was calling for higher taxes, who erest, is the coming together of two of and because of the union contracts, was one of the most honorable and le these plates. So, the concept of para and because of the bureaucracy no gitimate advocates of the modern bu digm is the concept of a big idea. principal had been fired in a 10-year reaucratic welfare state, and Walter Mr. Speaker, most politicians and period. I cannot vouch for that from Mondale was defeated with 41 percent. most of the news does not deal with firsthand knowledge. In 1988 a man who was in some ways big ideas. It deals with a series of We are asking that the research be attempting to develop a new, more small, day-to-day events; small, day-to done. But it was a stunning concept, technologically favorable approach, day activities which occur within a and it made sense given the general who was trying to be a little different large concept, a larger construct. feeling most people have about how than the traditional liberal Democrat, In the 19th century a big idea came large big city bureaucracy functions. nonetheless went down to defeat, and along,·what was called the national in I was told that only two teachers Michael Dukakis just got 46 percent, surance state, in Germany. Bismarck, have been fired for cause, which and, as I quoted last. night, Dukakis the German political leader, first de meant that there were literally people himself has indicated that one of the veloped it, and the idea was that who had been convicted of child mo lessons he has learned out of his years people could be taxed to organize a bu lestation who were teaching in schools as Governor of Massachusetts is that reaucracy and that the bureaucracy because it was harder to get them every basic fundamental achievement January 24, 1990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 455 of the eighties has to be rethought in each, and I would argue that probably But in fact, the structure of bureauc a very basic way, and, coming from that is enough, that probably, if we or racy, the structure of public govern Governor Dukakis, that was a very in ganize government right, if we did ment which we initially inherited from teresting and, I think, very revealing things as efficiently as possible, if we Bismarck around 1870, is a period, re example of the collapse of the old par applied values that worked, if we were member, when male clerks pushed adigm of the bureaucratic welfare willing to rethink the bureaucracy and quill pens. This is not just precom state and of the values of the left. apply modern computers and modern puter. It is preelectric typewriter and Now, Mr. Speaker, some people, de information technology, that probably in fact it is pretypewriter. spite that evidence that it is no longer at a trillion 700 billion dollars we could Modern bureaucracy is a throwback popular, will still argue intellectually get a lot done. to a world that ceased to exist in that the bureaucratic welfare state America at least 70 or 80 years ago, will work, that the values of the left D 1820 and yet the structure of bureaucracy will work if only they can get enough But that is real money. We find, in is here. money, if only they can raise taxes on fact, when you start looking at the You see the result, for example, in the American people, if only somehow tale of the eighties that the answers of all too many veterans' hospitals, if you government can receive enough re the traditional left and the answers of go and look at how long patients wait sources. Yet the fact is New York the traditional bureaucratic welfare to be seen, if you look at how long the City's budget is approximately $25 bil state do not quite work. It turns out, bureaucracy is willing to hold them lion. Let me repeat that. The city of for example, that in the mideighties around for red tape. If you compare New York by itself, this New York education expenses went up dramati that with the kind of service you City budget for government service in would expect at Sears or K-Mart or New York City, is about $25 billion in cally. They went up dramatically be government services. That is about cause of the State and local level Walmark or McDonald's or Wendy's, 300,000 full-time employees. Now one people who were raising taxes and you ask yourself, why is there a differ might argue that at $25 billion a year spending far more money, and it turns ence? and 300,000 full-time employees a year out that there is no direct relationship At a trillion, $700 billion dollars, we that maybe we could have a better between the amount of money spent should be able to do better, and yet I run, safer, better educated, healthier, and the amount of learning that took want to argue that those of us who and cleaner New York City. That place. represent the second generation of would argue that the current model I think it is no accident, for example, this movement have to face up to a does not work, or one could argue that if you look at some of the most very powerful reality. It is not just that, despite the union work rules, de expensive school systems in America, enough to explain why the bureau spite the bureaucracy, despite the red New York City, Detroit, Chicago, cratic welfare state does not work or tape, if only we had 2, or 3, or 4 billion Washington, DC, they are abject fail to explain that the values of the left more, New York City would work, and ures. If you look at the school systems do not work. We need a new paradigm. I think that is going to be one of the of America which have the lowest We need a new approach, a new way major arguments in America in the level of State aid, New Hampshire, it of solving things, and we need a lot of nineties. Those people who believe has the highest level of scholastic ap local examples to help us solve them. that New York City is fundamentally titude test scores. I think in part that I think the paradigm is fairly a sound model, that the bureaucratic is because in New Hampshire they straightforward. The model I would welfare state essentially works, that have kept the cost of education at suggest is a triangle, and anybody who the values of the left can, in fact, be home so that parents and local citizens is watching can draw one, and I think applied with effective success, those pay for it, parents and local citizens you can follow this very clearly. Ima folks are going to argue, "Let's raise control it, and parents and local citi gine a triangle. One side of that trian taxes and finance the old order," and I zens keep an active interest in their gle is technological progress. A second think that is a fair position, and I schools, whereas when you get to the side of the triangle is enterpreneurial think that will be the general position bigger school systems in the country, free enterprise, and the third side of of people on the left, but, when realiz they are very heavily bureaucratized. the triangle is basic American values. ing that it is not just a question of They are very heavily unionized. They Let me repeat that. On one side you New York City having $25 billion, all have enormously complex work rules write the words technological government and America, from local and the result is the parent has no progress. On the second side you write school boards, to county commission~ sense of power, no sense of involve entrepreneurial enterprise, and on the ers, to sheriffs, to city government, to ment and therefore they do not pay third side you write basic American State government, to the Federal Gov much attention to the structure, and values. The result is that you have de ernment, all governments in 1986 the schools fail. scribed the basic things that made spent $1 trillion 700 billion. That is Similarly, health-care costs have America work for 400 years, from the the government part of the way we gone up throughout the eighties. Now, time the Founding Fathers arrived in run America was $1 trillion 700 billion. part of that is because we have some Massachusetts, from the time the first Mr. Speaker, a trillion is a lot of what better medicine and higher tech Virginians came to Jamestown, all the money. A billion used to be a lot of nology, but the fact is as health care way up to about 1960 or 1965, there money when I was young, but we are has become more professionalized, was a way of functioning in America. now moving into the age of the tril more bureaucratic, more filled with Americans were willing, above and lions. Let me explain how much red tape, as the Health Care Financing eager, to be involved. They knew that money a trillion is. A million dollars, if Administration has become more im if they want out and did something, if I had up here on this table a thousand portant than the medical doctor and they explored more land, if they million dollars, that would be a billion. more important than the hospital ad trapped more beaver, if they grew That would be a lot of money. A tril ministrator, the total cost of health more corn, they would be better off. lion is one million million dollars. So, care has gone up faster than the qual That was entrepreneurial free enter when we talk about a trillion dollars, ity and quantity of service that is prise, and you were pretty much al we are talking about a million million being provided. lowed to go out and try something if dollars. So, we are talking at one point I would argue that one of the lessons you thought it would work. seven trillion dollars, which is the of the eighties is that it is the core When Walt Disney came up with the spending of all governments in Amer paradigm of the bureaucratic welfare crazy idea of Steamboat Willie, which ica. We are talking about one million state and the values of the left which was a cartoon involving a mouse, he 700 thousand units of a million dollars have failed. went ahead and did it, and of course 456 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE January 24, 1990 Steamboat Willie became Mickey never have enough courts in a free so much they can change things, how Mouse and Walt Disney became very ciety. You have to rely on the basic de much they can improve things if only wealthy. cency and the basic honesty of most we trust the American people to use When Henry Ford had the crazy citizens, and then simply use the that kind of good commonsense. idea of inventing an assembly line for courts and the police for the scoun My hope is that by seeing real suc cars, he went ahead and did it. drels and the criminals. So those are cess stories, not by hearing theories, When Orville and Wilbur Wright basic American values. not by hearing ideology, not by hear were sitting around their bicycle shop, One of the reasons we came up with ing general rhetoric, but by hearing they decided they would go ahead and the idea of a triangle is that it is our case after case after case of good news invent the airplane, and they went idea that any good approach, any in about America, on opportunities that ahead and did it. None of them felt novation, any new idea, any new solu work, of insights that are helpful, of they had to ask the Government's per tion inside the triangle beats the old projects that have applied entrepre mission. None of them felt they had to paradigm of the bureaucratic welfare neurial free enterprise or technologi apply for Government loans or con state in the eyes of the left. cal progress or basic American values, tracts and none of them felt they had In other words, literally when we go or all three, that folks will decide that to submit a proposal in 19 copies and around the country, if 500 different this is an idea whose time has come. wait for 3 years for somebody to send school boards have 500 different new them back an answer. ideas, all of them fitting inside basic D 1830 Now, that model of change is very, American values, technological Maybe it is time · to launch the very important, that we encourage progress and entrepreneurial free en people to be entrepreneurs and we had terprise, maybe the answer is to let second generation of a movement that a free enterprise system which reward them all find out, rather than go has already changed America but has ed them. through some long elaborate intellec a long way to go. Maybe it is time to The second side is also very power tual process and writing out 90 pages develop commonsense, focus, and op ful. For almost all of American histo of justification and shipping it off to portunities, and maybe it is time to de ry, we have relied on technological people in Washington who have never velop 21st-century citizenship by get progress to improve everyone's life. seen your town, never seen your ting people to focus on new solutions Poor people in America are better off school, never·seen your child, what if for the 1990's. today than rich people were 200 years we just say within very broad zones,· if Mr. Speaker, I yield to my friend, ago because poor people have indoor you local folks think it will work the gentleman from Wisconsin [Mr. plumbing, they have refrigerators, better, why don't you try it in health ROTH]. they have televisions, they have tele care? Why don't you try it in helping Mr. ROTH. Mr. Speaker, I thank the phones, they have access to a technol our veterans in health care? Why gentleman from Georgia for yielding. ogy which literally did not exist even don't you try it in education? Why First of all, I want to say that I con if you were a king or a queen or a mil don't you try it in catching and keep gratulate the gentleman for taking lionaire in 1800. ing criminals locked up? this special order and talking about So Americans have relied for 200 If I could summarize it, it would be a something that I think is extremely years on better technology, giving ev very simple concept, that if we can get important to all of us, and that is to eryone a better chance to live in the in the habit of applying common sense take a look at the future. future. while focusing on opportunities, that Here on the floor of Congress, the Finally, we had what we call basic we can cut through the redtape and gentleman from Georgia well knows, American values. Some of them are we can cut through the baloney and we either have the problem of the amazingly simple. You have to study we can solve things in America very, budget or savings and loans or child to learn. You have to do your home very fast. We can have a more com care, the social security tax, whatever work. You have to actually be able to monsense Pentagon that costs less the issue may be, and we do not have pass a test. We are not just going to money. We can have a more common enough time to look at the long-range promote you because you look nice. sense New York City that costs less problems that this country is faced You have to learn objective facts and money. with. So I welcome the gentleman's . objective reality. You have to show up So what we are going to try to do on initiatives. for work on Mondays. You ought to May 19 is have an American Opportu I serve on the Committee on Foreign save a little bit out of what you earn nities Workshop available to anyone Affairs, and I have for a long time each week and in the long run you will who wants to participate, broadcast by been interested in what is America save a lot. You ought to build for the satellite to anyone who has a down going to look like in the 21st century. future. You ought to be able to own link or a dish receiver or has access to What is the world going to look like in your own home. These are basic a place that has a receiver. the 21st century? common ideas. We do not care whether you are When we have a chance to talk with One of them is honesty. One of the Democrat, Republican, whether you people from around the globe, I think most frightening things I do is ask are a libertarian or what your back we have broken it down to three main every high school class I visit, how ground is. We do not care that you pillars in the 21st century, and I think many of them know somebody who have any particular interest. What we the gentleman has really touched on cheats, and virtually every student care about is the notion that you agree those pillars. raises their hand at virtually every that for the 1990's to be successful, we It is interesting that most of the class. have to help America change so we problems, or many of the problems, we Now, you cannot compete in the can prepare for the 21st century. We face here on the floor of Congress deal world market and you cannot main want to share ideas, and in particular with this third pillar, the gentleman tain a democracy if everybody grows we want to share things that work. We from Georgia, and that is our tradi up thinking it is OK to cheat. Basic want to share proposals that work. tional values. When we take a look at honesty is a key to a free market socie Over the next few weeks I am going what is happening in the savings and ty, because you want to know when to lay out a series of ideas that work. I loan industry, it is costing us now you buy a product that it was built by am going to lay out a series of success some projected $500 billion, half a tril an honest person, and you ·want to stories and draw the constrast between lion dollars when this price tag is all know that it is being sold to you by an what happens when we empower finished. Why? Because of dishonesty honest person. You cannot just rely on Americans and allow them to develop to a great degree in the industry. the courts to protect you because you new ideas and when we encourage When we take a look at our budget, never have enough police and you them to find new solutions and how why do we have a huge budget deficit? January 24, 1990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 457 Basically because we have a lot of notion that we ought to have a risk and healthy and prosperous America waste, fraud, and abuse, and so if we based insurance fee, that if we truly all of us want in the 21st century. just got back to that one traditional had a private insurance that was cov I would urge any of my colleagues or value of honesty, half of the problems ering one's deposit in the way that if any of their constituents who are in we are faced with on the floor of Con they were depositing it at a bank or a terested to contact my office. We are gress would be resolved. savings and loan that had high-risk going to try to really work to develop I congratulate the gentleman for his loans, they would have to pay a higher the best set of new ideas in these spe initiative. insurance premium than if one were cial orders and to develop an approach The question I am going to have is: depositing in a bank or savings and that allows us in Washington to learn How do we get there from here? Yes, loan that was investing in more pru from the rest of America. I look for we have to get back to the basic values dent loans. ward very ·much to working with my on honesty, the work ethic and the Just the act of suddenly having a colleagues in the next few weeks. like. I hope on May 23 we can get some sliding scale for risk would suddenly ideas from people around the country. change the pattern, but what we did We would be surprised, and I always for a long time in response to the De CALL FOR A NEW NATIONAL am whether I speak in the Midwest or pression is we insured every loan SECURITY STRATEGY the Far West or wherever, basically equally. We insured it no matter how people are concerned about these very The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under dump the banker of the savings and a previous order of the House, the gen issues today. Yes, we know the liberal loan manager, how big the risk, how welfare state is dead just like Marx tleman from Missouri CMr. SKELTON] foolish the way they were lending is recognized for 30 minutes. and Engels are dead in the Soviet money. Union. But how does one change the Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, this Let me say one last thing, because Nation needs a new national security system? How does one get back to the the gentleman really reminded me of fundamental values? That is the key strategy. The need arises in part be issue. this when he talked about his own ef cause of the successes of the strategy I salute the gentleman from Georgia forts to go out and to learn around of containment that has served us so for leading the initiative in that America. well for four decades. It also arises be regard. One of the purposes of putting this cause the single-minded pursuit of Mr. GINGRICH. I thank my col workshop together and of launching containment of communism, however league, the gentleman from Wisconsin, the second generation of the move necessary, has feft the Nation ill-pre for participating. I will say, first of all, ment is to say that, frankly, we think pared to cope with developments in that it is May 19, a Saturday. that 90 to 95 perent of the new ideas the world that have little to do with The point the gentleman made, and or the new solutions are out in Amer communism. I know he served on the Committee on ica. They are not in Washington, DC. In many ways the present period is Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs, They are out in a small town, they are comparable to the months immediate and he was one of the persons involved out in a city council, they are out in a ly after World War II. In 1945, there in warning us about the dangers of the school board, not at Harvard or Stan was much joy because the war had savings and loan problem. Of course, ford. been won. The cry throughout the there is an example whereby having We think it is very important to de country was "bring the boys home" - the bureaucratic welfare state step in velop an approach where people send and we did. However, the future at and claim that it was doing the regu us good ideas, send us success stories, that time was uncertain. Little did we lating and claim that it was doing the and our real job here, I think, is to realize the great strategic threat supervising when it was not, thou serve, in a sense I think, to broadcast which Stalin's Russia would assume. sands of people lost their savings, and the good news and broadcast the suc Today, there is much happiness in taxpayers are going to lose something cesses around the country and recog the West. The momentous events of like $50 billion to $100 billion by the nize that maybe Washington has more Eastern Europe in the last half of 1989 time it is done. It is a failure of the to learn from America than America have signalled the end of the cold war. welfare state to be able to deliver on has to learn from Washington. As in 1945, the call has gone out to cut what is promised, because anytime Mr. KYL. Mr. Speaker, will the gen the defense budget. Once again, how there is a race between a crook and a tleman yield? ever, the future is unclear. Before we bureaucrat, the crook has a lot bigger Mr. GINGRICH. I am happy to disarm I believe it would be better to incentive to stay up at night figuring yield to the gentleman from Arizona. assess the threats we face before we out how to win. The bureaucrat says, Mr. KYL. Mr. Speaker, I want to arbitrarily slash our defenses. "It is 5 o'clock, I will go home." The fully associate myself with the gentle In my remarks today I will discuss crook hangs around for another man's remarks and commend him for the issues and problems that a new couple hours trying to figure out how not only this special order but the strategy must address, the timing and to get that extra million dollars. American Opportunity Society Pro responsibility for the development of I believe it was one of the million gram on May 19 and for helping to the new strategy, and my intention to aires who probably, I think, did not go provide some of the answers for how propose legislation that will ensure de to jail who went bankrupt who had 49 we get to the next century, as our col velopment of the national military Rolls Royces in his garage at the time league from Wisconsin was just inquir component of a new national security that he collapsed, one just knows look ing. strategy. ing at that that in a free-market envi I look forward to working with the Mr. Speaker, the confident, stead ronment where we had a much tough gentleman over the course of this year fast defense of democratic, constitu er self-regulating environment and did and in the years to come to achieve tional, Western values by this nation, not rely on the bureaucracy as much, these goals. its allies, and its friends, has resulted that no sound, prudent banker would Mr. GINGRICH. I was going to say in a victory every bit as significant as have trusted that guy, because they in closing that the American Opportu our victories in World War I and would have seen him riding around nities concept and the American Op World War II earlier in this century. town in another Rolls Royce, and they portunities Workshop is nonpartisan. Our heavily burdened citizens, who would have said, "Wait a second, he is We are very eager to have anybody of gave so much in faraway places such living too high on the hog." any background who has new ideas as Korea and Vietnam and who dedi I would cite an idea that I think the and new approaches or things that cated immense portions of their na gentleman brought up in meetings they think will work so that we can tional wealth to the struggle, deserve a that I have been in, and that is the have the kind of successful, educated respite. They deserve the luxury of 458 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE January 24, 1990 time to ponder and enjoy the magnifi arrangements for European security, technologies, afford the potential for cent affirmation by the Eastern bloc must be factored into a new U.S. strat countries like Libya, Syria, Iraq, Iran, of the preeminence of human rights egy. How will the United States re India, Brazil, and China, whose mili and human dignity over totalitarian spond to the rationalization of Euro tary power was formerly limited in collectivist ideology. pean economic arrangements set for global terms, to figure on the world But there is little time for this coun 1992? What role should the United scene. try to luxuriate in its success even States play in the emerging pan-Euro At the other end of the spectrum, a though the hard times on which the pean political arrangements? Some new strategy must cope with the con Communist regimes have fallen have would counsel that the United States ditions that foster or facilitate the diminished the expansionist threat should heed George Washington's many forms of low intensity conflict, that has for so long overshadowed advice and resist further foreign en including terrorism. This Nation's con international relations. That conclu tanglements. Yet, the Italians told my centration on large-scale wars has left sion was confirmed by United States delegation that European political in it sadly deficient in capabilities to con and allied officials in their discussions tegration is impossible without a con duct special operations. with a delegation I led to Europe in tinued U.S. presence in Europe, and The United States must develop a early January. strong U.S. leadership. And George strategy that recognizes the Nation's I rise on this occasion to call the at Kennan, the chief architect of the dependence on other parts of the tention of this body and the Nation as now successful containment strategy, world for vital resources. It has been a whole to the sudden necessity for a recently asserted that the United obvious for many years that the time rethinking of our national security States "must be actually involved in would come when the United States strategy precipitated by the altered designing a new European security could no longer depend on domestic position of the Soviet Union and the framework." What, then, is the appro liberating events in Eastern Europe. priate level of U.S. forces in Europe? A sources for the raw materials to serve The international political landscape high ranking American Commander in its industrial capacity. The time has has changed but the dangers inherent Europe told my delegation that he be come and gone. We need a strategy in traversing that landscape have by lieves United States forces can be re that recognizes that access to oil and no means disappeared. duced to 50 percent of their current other resources is a vital interest of levels if the ongoing Conventional the United States. STRATEGIC PROBLEMS If the challenges to the Nation's se Let me hasten to add that the al Forces in Europe [ CFEl negotiations are, in the end, successful. He warned curity are as much economic and tech tered Eastern Bloc, although the prox nological as they are military, we need imate cause for rethinking our nation against a piecemeal approach to such al strategy, by no means is the only significant reductions and urged that a a strategy that equips the Nation with reason for doing so. A new national se coherent strategy be developed and the capacities to meet the varied curity strategy must comprehend a implemented. threats. That means devoting the nec number of developments that are The approach of the United States essary resources and attention to im changing the world in which this toward German reunification must be proving the educational system in our nation exists and pursues its interests. a part of a new U.S. strategy. West country. It means refurbishing the A review of some of the most signifi Germany, whether divided as at transportation and communication in cant of these developments in itself present or reunified in some fashion frastructure so necessary for increased makes the case for the development of with East Germany, must remain industrial productivity. It means nur a new national security strategy. democratic and aligned with the West turing and revitalizing a massive, A new strategy must cope with a at all costs. How can this be accom aging, industrial base. Finally, it Soviet Union that may remain a great plished while assuaging historic con means cultivating new technologies power with great power interests or, cerns of the Soviet Union? Further, that hold the key to future prosperity. on the other hand, could self-destruct. how will our policy affect the concerns A new national security strategy It must take into account a range of our Western allies have toward a uni must address threats to all mankind possibilities from replacement of fied Germany? For many on the Euro that transcend national borders. Nar President Gorbachev and reassertion pean continent, memories of 1914 and cotics trafficking and environmental of conservative Communist control to 1939 are still vivid and frightening. damage, though very different men the other end of the spectrum, nation A new strategy must deal with the aces, threaten our security and that of alist insurrections, civil war, and even Pacific as well as the Atlantic. In the all nations. the dissolution of the Soviet state. economic sense, Japan is a superpow DEVELOPING A NEW NATIONAL SECURITY Considering the vast nuclear arsenal er. Our strategic focus on the threat STRATEGY possessed by the Soviet Union, a civil posed by the Soviet Union as it devel The preceding list of factors that war is almost as frightening to comp oped into a co-equal military super must be taken into account in develop template as a return to totalitarian power blinded us to the potential ing a new national security strategy rule. I wholeheartedly agree with the threat to our economic security posed suggests the vast scope of the under recent warning sounded by Adm. Wil first by the Japanese and increasingly taking. What is called for is no less an liam Crowe, former JCS Chairman, by oth~r Asia economic powers-and effort than that expended in the fun when he said that: potentially by the European Economic damental reassessment of the Nation's Four times in the last century we have en Community. Containment of Soviet direction that took place in the period tered major wars unprepared because we expansionism, with its strong military between 1946 and 1949. In 1946 Win failed to fund defense properly in peace component, proved to be a successful ston Churchill sounded the challenge time. strategy vis-a-vis a militarily aggres in his famous "Iron Curtain" speech The specter of instability also looms sive superpower. We have developed at Fulton, MO. The challenge was met over Eastern Europe Yugoslavia and no comparable strategy to compete by the United States, under the lead the former Soviet satellites are eco with economically aggressive powers ership of President Truman, by the nomically as well as politically bank such as Japan and increasingly, Korea, Truman doctrine, the Marshall plan rupt. Italian officials recently told the Taiwan and Singapore. And we must. and the NATO alliance. delegation I led to Europe that they A new strategy must anticipate the Thus, we ask the questions: How fear a resurgence of old rivalries and consequences of rapidly increasing much time do we have? Whose respon regional conflicts engendered by the military power in countries through sibility is it to develop the strategy? loosening of communism's grip. out the world. Nuclear and chemical What role should the Congress play? The economic and political integra proliferation, in conjunction with the How much time do we have? In my tion of Europe, and the concomitant spread of ballistic missile and other view, we have between 12 and 24 January 24, 1990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 459 months to develop a new national se is a stop-gap measure, not an accepta rity Act of 1947 for the fiscal year con curity strategy. That will afford time ble permanent solution. cerned. for recent developments in the East Whose responsibility is it to develop What role does Congress play? The ern bloc to play out, for us to ascertain a new strategy? The Packard Commis Goldwater-Nichols Act merely codified for certain whether cold war battles sion in 1986 called for the develop what is implied in our form of govern have been won, or whether the war ment of an integrated national securi ment. The President is responsible in itself is over. As I indicated at the ty strategy. The Commission's recom the first instance for proposing nation outset, I believe the cold war is over. mendations were endorsed by Presi al security strategy. The Congress, But it could be replaced by an equally dent Reagan who subsequently issued however, shares the responsibility for unstable, threatening situation in the a National Security Memorandum di ensuring that the Nation has a coher Eastern bloc or elsewhere. recting that they be implemented. ent national security blueprint. And Developing a new strategy within The Goldwater-Nichols Department the Congress must be a partner in the the next 2 years will also allow time of Defense Reorganization Act of development of strategy; it must par for the West to conclude a first con 1986-of which I was one of the princi ticipate in the final formulation. Oth ventional arms control agreement that pal framers-included a provision erwise, the resources for implementing will be in our favor, whatever our drafted by Senator WARNER and spon the strategy may not be made avail emergent strategy. General Galvin, sored in this body by Representative able by the legislative branch. the NATO allied commander in McEWEN that requires the President Consequently, my call today is for Europe, emphasized to our delegation to develop and submit a national secu the President to set in motion the nec earlier this month that the agree rity strategy to the Congress. Follow essary mechanism in the executive ments coming to fruition in Vienna ing is the relevant excerpt from the branch to develop and propose a new this year will require destruction of Goldwater-Nichols Act: national security strategy. I hope that Section 104. The President shall my call will be echoed by the leader over 90,000 Eastern bloc weapons transmit to Congress each year a compre while Western countries will only be hensive report on the national security ship of both houses of the Congress. required to destroy approximately strategy of the United States (hereinafter in Congress must insist that our Govern one-tenth that number. Ambassador this section referred to as a "national securi ment recognize the dawn of a new era Woolsey, the U.S. Representative to ty strategy report"). in world politics and the concomitant the Conventional Forces in Europe <2> The national security strategy report requirement for a new national securi CCFEl negotiations, emphasized the for any year shall be transmitted on the ty strategy. The Iron Curtain, of date on which the President submits to Con importance of "locking in" an agree gress the budget for the next fiscal year which Churchill spoke in 1946, is fall ment so that: First, the military equip under section 1105 of title 31, United States ing. It has turned into a shroud that ment to be taken out of service will be Code. cloaks the Communist system. But the destroyed; and second, unprecedented (b) Each national security strategy report sunrise of a new era may show a reviv verification protocols will be accepted shall set forth the national security strategy al of ancient rivalries and unprece by both sides, thus increasing the like of the United States and shall include a dented international turmoil. The new lihood of compliance by all parties. comprehensive description and discussion of era may be as unpredictable as the the following: Both Galvin and Woolsey empha <1> The worldwide interests, goals, and ob patterns in a kaleidoscope. Uncertain sized that the United States should jectives of the United States that are vital ties are the order of the day. not "get ahead" of the negotiations to the national security of the United DEVELOPING THE MILITARY COMPONENT OF A and announce unilateral reductions of States. NEW NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY United States forces in Europe. That <2> The foreign policy, worldwide commit With respect to national military could have a domino effect on other ments, and national defense capabilities of strategy, I believe that the Congress Western countries. Ambassador Wool the United States necessary to deter aggres sion and to implement the national security can and should do more than merely sey suggested that with cooperation strategy of the United States. issue a call that the President may or on all sides a first conventional arms <3> The proposed short-term and long may not heed. Fortunately, the Gold reduction agreement could be reached term uses of the political, economic, mili water-Nichols Act established a new by the. end of the year. Consequently, tary. and other elements of the national mechanism within the Department of the United States has at least that power of the United States to protect or Defense that Congress can insist be long to develop a new national mili promote the interests and achieve the goals employed. tary strategy. and objectives referred to in paragraph (1). The Department of Defense has not <4> The adequacy of the capabilities of the But momentum is building toward a United States to carry out the national se developed a long-range plan that re second conventional arms control curity strategy of the United States, includ lates military strategy to the diminish agreement to follow quickly on the ing an evaluation of the national power of ing resources to be allocated to de heels of the first. The second agree the United States to support the implemen fense in the coming years. Instead of ment could cut United States forces in tation of the national security strategy. basing projected cuts on an integrated, Europe in half. (5) Such other information as may be nec coherent strategy that is based on the And yet a third, final, CFE negotia essary to help inform Congress on Matters dollars that will likely be available for tion with even deeper cuts is being dis relating to the national security strategy of defense in the coming years, the De cussed. Before the second and third the United States. partment, according to press reports, agreements are negotiated, the United • • • • • has apparently gone through a series States should have decided upon the The Secretary shall include in his of budget drills in which the DOD annual report to Congress under subsection European component of its new strate (C)- Comptroller asks the services what gy. Thus, in my view, we have no more (A) a description of the major military they could cut if their budgets were than 24 months maximum to develop missions and of the military force structure reduced 3 percent or 5 percent or X the new national security strategy. of the United States for the next fiscal year; percent in each of a number of future In the meantime, this year, I believe an explanation of the relationship of years. The result, if this is the process we should heed the advice of Senator those military missions to that force struc being followed, will inevitably be four NUNN, Chairman of the Senate Armed ture; and separate, independent, uncoordinated Services Committee, that any cuts in the justification for those military answers, based on very different serv missions and that force structure. the defense budget should be in rough (2) In preparing the matter referred to in ice military strategies, designed to pro proportion to the reduction in the paragraph <1 >. the Secretary shall take into tect the weapons and missions of most threat against the United States and consideration the content of the annual na interest to each service but not neces its NATO allies by the Warsaw Pact. tional security strategy report of the Presi sarily of greatest military value to the However, we must remember that this dent under section 104 of the National Secu- United States. 460 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE January 24, 1990 There has been a chorus of criticism Overseeing the activities of the com their mission within the strategy dic of the DOD process. House Armed batant commands. tated by a smaller U.S. force struc Services Committee Chairman LEs Serving as the spokesperson for the ture? The point is that the first "ac AsPIN stated in a speech late la.st year commanders of the combatant com quisition" question that must be asked that absence of a coherent strategic mands. is: What military task will the pro plan would make any DOD proposed Unfortunately, in my view, the JCS posed weapon system or equipment budget very vulnerable on the Hill. Chairman and his Joint Staff have not perform in accordance with U.S. stra Senator NUNN criticized the budget achieved what the framers of the tegic plans? Thus, a strategic blueprint cut drills for not being based on an as Goldwater-Nichols Act intended. True, should be the starting point for deci sessment of the threat that could the Chairman has apparently become sions about affordable acquisitions. serve as the starting point for revised a close personal advisor of the Secre defense plans. tary of Defense. No doubt he has pro We are all familiar with the Penta I think both chairmen and the many vided his views on the major issues in gon's Planning, Programming and other critics of a piecemeal approach the defense budget. Reportedly, he Budgeting System, the PPBS. For are right on the mark. With all due re has even submitted strategic concept years, close observers of the Pentagon spect, the Comptroller of the Office of papers developed in the joint arena. have pointed out that the first "P"- the Secretary of Defense is commonly, But this is far different from engaging Planning-is a silent "P". That is, the and accurately, referred to as a "bean the Chairman and Joint Staff as an in planning that should guide program counter." He performs a necessary val stitution in developing and recom ming and budgeting is weak or non uable function. But he is hardly the mending to civilian authorities a co existent. The Goldwater-Nichols Act official to link force structure to stra herent, long-range strategic plan, or sought to strengthen the silent "P" by tegic objectives and plans for their at alternative plans, tied to resource making the JCS Chairman responsible tainment. levels established by the Secretary of for linking strategic planning to pro The Goldwater-Nichols Act places Defense. The Goldwater-Nichols Act gramming and acquisition. responsibility on the JCS Chairman. envisioned a massive, institutional, Needed legislation: I believe that Fortunately, the Goldwater-Nichols joint military undertaking. It would Congress should call upon the JCS Act established a new mechanism for inevitably result in recommended Chairman to employ the full potential developing military strategy and relat tradeoffs among the services, a pros ing that strategy to the resources to be pect that, however unpalatable to the of his legislative responsibilities to de allocated to defense. In that act Con military officers serving in joint posi velop a coherent, realistic strategic gress reshaped the position of the tions, must be accomplished. plan, or set of alternative plans, for Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Let me make clear, however, that consideration by the Secretary of De making him the principal military ad the failure to implement fully the fense and his principal officials, the visor to the President and Secretary of Goldwater-Nichols strategic responsi President, and the Congress. To devel Defense. The new law placed responsi bilities of the Chairman is not entire op legislation requiring the Chairman bility on the JCS Chairman to per ly, or even preponderantly, the fault to exercise his strategic responsibil form the long-range fiscally realistic of the joint military institutions. As ities will be a complicated undertak planning that is apparently missing in Representative AsPIN and others have ing. I intend to consult with my col DOD. The Chairman is made responsi pointed out, the Pentagon has so far leagues on the Armed Services Com ble in the act for the following strate failed to seek an integrated, coherent mittee in drafting and introducing the gy-related activities. strategic blueprint for the reduction legislation. Following is an outline of Preparing strategic plans in accord and realignment of U.S. military what I have in mind: ance with "resource levels projected forces. Instead of attempting to devel The JCS Chairman would be given a by the Secretary of Defense to be op such a plan, each service was asked planning top line and a set of planning available" during the period covered what it would cut if the defense assumptions. For example, the top line by the plan. budget were reduced a certain percent might be a defense budget of $275 bil Advising the Secretary on the extent age for the next 5 years. The fact is lion in fiscal year 1996-in 89 dollars to which the program recommenda that civilian leaders in the Defense and $250 billion in fiscal year 2000. tions and budget proposals of the mili Department have overlooked the key The assumptions for this top line tary departments, defense agencies, strategic role assigned to the JCS might include a greatly reduced Soviet and other DOD organizations conform Chairman. threat as a result of stringent strategic with the priorities in strategic plans That strategic role is closely linked and conventional arms control agree and with the priorities the Chairman in the Goldwater-Nichols Act to the ments and at lea.st 6 months warning recommends for the requirements acquisition of weapons. But the other time of a Soviet buildup that might identified by the combatant com wise excellent defense management lead to hostilities. mands. review, though it addresses acquisition The JCS Chairman might be asked Submitting to the Secretary of De reform at length, fails to recognize the to propose alternative strategic plans fense alternative program recommen responsibility of the Chairman to tie dations and budget proposals that con acquisition of military weapons and based on other top lines related to form to the Secretary's fiscal guidance equipment to long-range strategic pri more pessimistic and more optimistic and with the priorities established by orities. One of the most frequent criti assumptions. The Packard Commis the Chairman; first, in strategic plans; cisms of the weapons and equipment sion recommended that he be respon and second, for the combatant com procured by the Department of De sible for several alternative strategic mand requirements. fense is that their military purpose, plans each year based on a range of . Advising the Secretary on the extent mission, or task is not clearly defined. top lines. to which the manpower programs and The most recent example .is the B-2 Each of the plans would necessarily policies of the Armed Forces conform bomber, a program that I support include the missions of each of the with the Chairman's strategic plans. wholeheartedly. The controversy over services, their manpower, force struc Assessing military requirements for its mission, and how that mission fits ture, and major acquisitions during defense acquisition programs. into both U.S. nuclear and U.S. con the planning period. Conducting net assessments to deter ventional strategy, has made the B-2's To develop the strategic plans the mine the capabilities of the Armed path through the congressional proc JCS Chairman would obtain inputs Forces of the United States and its ess unnecessarily difficult. Another ex from the unified and specified com allies as compared with those of their ample is the two aircraft carriers pres manders-by law he is their spokes potential adversaries. ently under construction. What will be man and he oversees them-and from January 24, 1990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 461 the services. It is the service connec There has been insufficient time for as a reality. When this is accom tion that may have dissuaded the JCS changes in the professional military plished, we can say that we have Chairman from exercising his plan education system to bear fruit in in served our Nation and world peace ning responsibilities to the fullest in creasing the pool of highly qualified well in our time. the past. Neither he nor the Joint military strategists. I can only hope Staff leaders welcome making trade that military school officials and D 1900 offs among the services that might others who appeared before our panel Mrs. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, will the result in a recommendation to cut the were right when they asserted that gentleman yield? Army, say, far more than the Navy or many competent military strategists Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, I yield to reshape the Air Force close air sup have been educated and are available to the gentlewoman from Maryland port mission in favor of the Army. to fill key positions. We shall see soon [Mrs. BYRON]. The recommendations contained in enough if the Joint Staff is capable of Mrs. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, let me the JCS Chairman's plan-or plans developing fiscally constrained long say to the gentleman, many times should serve as the basis for delibera range strategic plans that fashion the when a special order is taken, there tion by civilian administration officials various services' missions and force are very few people on the floor of the and the Congress. As modified, they structures in terms of overall national House, but many of the Members would become the basis for a fiscally objectives rather than on the basis of listen to their offices, as I have been realistic 5-year defense plan. allocating to each service its share of doing, to your remarks, as I was sign THE NEED FOR JOINT MILITARY STRATEGISTS the defense pie. ing mail. In concluding my remarks, I want to In my view, the Nation not only des I could not let the gentleman finish put into perspective my call for the perately needs a new national military strategy, it desperately needs for the without joining the gentleman in his joint military institutions-the JCS request for a policy. As Members Chairman and his Joint Staff-to de joint institutions to work in initiating that strategy. Former Secretary of De know, we work very closely. I chair the velop and propose to civilian authori Subcommittee on Military Personnel ties and the Congress the military fense Laird recently joined the chorus of voices calling for a new military and Compensation. One of the things component of the new national securi that we have before Members this ty strategy. strategy. He went on to warn, howev A little over 2 years ago I made a er, that neither the military services year, as the gentleman well knows, are series of speeches in this body intend nor the Congress are capable of devel the decisions to be made on where ed to call attention to the necessity for oping such a strategy. He is right. The those cuts are going to be. Without a the Department of Defense to tum its joint military institutions must pro policy, how can those decisions be attention to the development of mili pose a new military strategy, or alter made in a proper manner? tary strategists. Those speeches were native strategies, to civilian officials. Therefore, I think that what all prompted by my belief that the And first the executive branch, and Members are trying to ask and request Nation was no longer producing out then the Congress must participate in is that that policy be defined, so that standing strategists of the caliber of finally shaping a new national military when we make those decisions, this George Marshall, Douglas MacArthur, strategy. Member in his capacity, looking for Omar Bradley, Ernest King, Chester I close with a description of the ward to the long-term training, and Nimitz, Hap Arnold, and Maxwell worst thing and the best thing that the schooling that our military per Taylor. Our military leadership, I in could happen in attempting to fulfill sonnel will get, and I in my responsi sisted, must be capable of grasping the the Nation's need for a new military bility with the personnel, where we significance to our national security of strategy. are going and what is enough, what is the increasingly rapid succession of The worst thing that could happen too much. However, more important in changes that characterize the national would be to follow the advice advanced the environment we are in, what is too and international scene. Furthermore, by one Army general recently. Indicat little. in order to respond to a world in tur ing that the Army is ready and willing Therefore, let me join with the gen moil, military strategists must possess to take its allocated cuts, the general tleman on his remarks in the thrust of the experience, intellectual skills, and asked only that the Army be left alone his special order this evening, and the unique talents required to shape, and to implement the reductions as that fact that we do need a policy before continually reshape, long-range mili service sees fit. If his advice were we make those decisions. tary plans and the force structure re heeded-and that is the implication of Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, I cer quired to implement those plans. the Department of Defense's individ tainly thank the gentlewoman from By placing the initial responsibility ual budget drills with each service Maryland for her remarks. I am f ortu for developing and proposing military the coming "build down" would yield nate enough to be a member of her strategy where it belonged, squarely four smaller versions of today's serv Subcommittee on Military Personnel on the shoulders of the JCS Chairman ices, designed by their individual lead and Compensation. I know of the gen supported by his Joint Staff, the Gold erships to maximize service interests tlewoman's deep concern for the men water-Nichols Act made it imperative rather than to work together in ac and women of our armed services, for that any deficiencies in the number complishing national military mis the national security of our Nation. and qualifications of military strate sions. We need that blueprint. gists be corrected quickly. And the act The best thing that could happen, As I see it right now today, we are contained provisions requiring revital on the other hand, would be for a JCS about where we were in the last ization of the professional military Chairman to shoulder the mantle of months of 1945, possibly the early school system that, if implemented George Marshall and lead in the devel months of 1946 when we brought the properly, should solve the problem. As opment of an integrated national mili boys home from Europe. We had won chairman of the newly formed panel tary strategy that serves as a blueprint the war. We had won the war in Japan on military education, I undertook to for integrating the four services, in as well. At that time, we reduced our ensure that those Goldwater-Nichols the words of the National Security Act troop strength to some 70,000 in Act provisions were properly imple of 1947, into "an efficient team of Europe. It was at that time that the mented. That task continues today. land, naval, and air forces." Yalta agreement accords between Little did I realize 2 years ago that it Let us, as Members of Congress, urge Stalin and Roosevelt and Churchill would be necessary for the Depart the development of that integrated na were breached by Stalin and in es ment of Defense to initiate a funda tional military strategy. If it is forth sence, Eastern Europe was grabbed by mental reassessment of U.S. military coming, let us determine to participate the Soviet Union. We sat there unable strategy before the decade ended. to the fullest to make it come to pass to do anything. 462 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE January 24, 1990 I think that we need a policy blue Mr. BROOMFIELD. The motion was agreed to; accord print, coming from the Chairman of Mrs. MORELLA. ingly report to the President and Congress for I am fearful we do not have it. Mr. BoNIOR in three instances. fiscal year 1990, pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 901 ; to the Committee of the gentleman will yield. I want to join Mr. HAMILTON. Whole House on the State of the Union and with the gentleman on this special Mr. KANJORSKI in two instances. .ordered to be printed. order. Mrs. ScHROEDER. [Submitted Jan. 24, 1990} Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, I yield Mr. MONTGOMERY. 2317. A letter from the Comptroller, De back the balance of my time. Mr. STARK. partment of Defense, transmitting a copy of Mr. MAzzoLI. the contract award report for the period Mr. WAXMAN. January 1, 1990, to February 28, 1990, pur SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED Mr. MRAZEK. suant to U.S.C. 2431(b); to the Committee on Armed Services. By unanimous consent, permission Mr. NATCHER. 2318. A letter from the Director, Defense to address the House, following the Mr. RICHARDSON. Security Assistance Agency, transmitting legislative program and any special Mr. TALLON. notification concerning the Department of orders heretofore entered, was granted Mr. KASTENMEIER. the Navy's proposed letter(s) of offer and to: Mr. BATES. acceptance CLOAl to Egypt for defense arti O>; quest of Mr. OWENS of New York) to [Inadvertently omitted from the Congres to the Committee on the District of Colum revise and extend their remarks and sional Record of Tuesday, January 23, bia. include extraneous material:) 1990} 2321. A letter from the Chairman, Council Mr. BUSTAMANTE, for 5 minutes, Bills of the Senate of the following of the District of Columbia, transmitting a today. titles were taken from the Speaker's copy of D.C. Act 8-119, "Closing of a Public Mr. KLEcZKA, for 5 minutes, today. table and, under the rule, referred as Alley in Square 1445, S.O. 88-152, Act of follows: 1989," and report, pursuant to D.C. Code Mr. ANNuNZIO, for 5 minutes, today. Section l-233O>; to the Committee on extraneous material:) Waiver Act of 1989; to the Committee on the District of Columbia. Mr. DE LA GARZA, for 60 minutes, Jan Energy and Commerce. 2323. A letter from the Chairman, Council aury 30, 1990. S. 1999. An act to amend the Higher Edu of the District of Columbia, transmitting a cation Act of 1965 to clarify the administra copy of D.C. Act 8-121, "Closing of a Por tive procedures of the National Commission tion of Windom Place, N.W., SO. 87-450, Act EXTENSION OF REMARKS on Responsibilities for Financing Postsec of 1989," and report, pursuant to D.C. Code ondary Education; to the Committee on By unanimous consent, permission Section l-233O>; to the Committee on Education and Labor. the District of Columbia. to revise and extend remarks was 2324. A letter from the Chairman, Council granted to: ADJOURNMENT of the District of Columbia, transmitting a ; to the Committee on 2337. A letter from the Chairman, Council the fiscal year 1989 annual report on the op the District of Columbia. of the District of Columbia, transmitting a eration ·of the Special Defense Acquisition 2325. A letter from the Chairman, Council copy of D.C. Act 8-140, "D.C. Codification Fund, pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2795b; to the of the District of Columbia, transmitting a Amendment Act of 1989," pursuant to D.C. Committee on Foreign Affairs. copy of D.C. Act 8-123, "Closing of a Public Code Section 1-233Cc>; to the Committee 2349. A letter from the Acting Director, Alley in Square 1046, S.O. 88-106, Act of on the District of Columbia. Defense Security Assistance Agency, trans 1989," and report, pursuant to the D.C. 2338. A letter from the Chairman, Council mitting an addendum to the listing of all Code Section l-233: to the Committee of the District of Columbia, transmitting a outstanding letters of offer to sell any on the District of Columbia. copy of D.C. Act 8-141, "Child Support 2326. A letter from the Chairman, Council Guideline Amendment Temporary Act of major defense equipment for $1 million or of the District of Columbia, transmitting a 1989,'' pursuant ·to D.C. Code Section l- more; an addendum to the listing of all let copy of D.C. Act 8-124, "D.C. Substance 233Cc>: to the Committee on the District ters of offer that were accepted, as of Sep Abuse Treatment . and Prevention Act of of Columbia. tember 30, 1989, pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 1989," and report, pursuant to D.C. Code 2339. A letter from the Chairman, Council 2776; to the Committee on Foreign Af Section 1-233; to the Committee on of the District of Columbia, transmitting a fairs. the District of Columbia. copy of D.C. Act 8-142, "D.C. Regional 2350. A letter from the Acting Director, 2327. A letter from the Chairman, Council Interstate Banking Act of 1985 Amendment Defense Security Assistance Agency, trans of the District of Columbia, transmitting a Act of 1989,'' pursuant to D.C. Code Section mitting quarterly reports of the listing of all copy of D.C. Act 8-128, "Closing, Dedica l-233Cc>; to the Committee on the Dis outstanding letters of offer to sell any tions, and Designations of Streets, and Clos trict of Columbia. major defense equipment for $1 million or ing of Public Alleys, in or adjacent to 2340. A letter from the Chairman, Council more, for the fourth quarter of fiscal year Squares 5040, 5041, and 5066, S.O. 88-212, of the District of Columbia, transmitting a 1989, pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2776; to the Act of 1989," and report, pursuant to D.C. copy of D.C. Act 8-143, "D.C. Disability Committee on Foreign Affairs. Code Section l-233Cc>; to the Committee Compensation Adjustment Act of 1989," and 2351. A letter from the Executive Direc on the District of Columbia. report, pursuant to D.C. Code Section 1- 2328. A letter from the Chairman, Council 233Cc>; to the Committee on the District tor, Committee for Purchase from the Blind of the District of Columbia, transmitting a of Columbia. and Other Severely Handicapped, transmit copy of D.C. Act 8-129, "Law Enforcement 2341. A letter from the Chairman, Council ting the annual report of the agency's ac Amendment Act of 1989" and report, pursu of the District of Columbia, transmitting a tivities under the Freedom of Information ant to D.C. Code Section 1-233Cc>; to the copy of D.C. Act 8-144, "D.C. Solid Waste Act, calender year 1989, pursuant to 5 Committee on the District of Columbia. Management and Multi-Material Recycling U.S.C. 552; to the Committee on Govern 2329. A letter from the Chairman, Council Act of 1988 Amendment Temporary Act of ment Operations. of the District of Columbia, transmitting a 1989," pursuant to D.C. Code Section 1- 2352. A letter from the Director, Commu copy of D.C. Act 8-130, "Bias-Related Crime 233Cc>< 1>; to the Committee on the District nications and Legislative Affairs, U.S. Equal Act of 1989," and report, pursuant to D.C. of Columbia. Employment Opportunity Commission, Code Section l-233; to the Committee 2342. A letter from the Chairman, Council transmitting the annual report of the Com on the District of Columbia. of the District of Columbia, transmitting a mission's activities in compliance with the 2330. A letter from the Chairman, Council copy of D.C. Act 8-145, "Non-Union Employ Government in the Sunshine Act, calendar of the District of Columbia, transmitting a ee Compensation System and Pay Schedule year 1989, purusant to 5 U.S.C. 552b(j); to copy of D.C. Act 8-131, "Authorization to Effective Date Amendment Act of 1989," the Committee on Government Operations. Enter the Interstate Corrections Compact and report, pursuant to D.C. Code Section 2353. A letter from the Chairman, Board Act of 1989," and report, pursuant to D.C. l-233Cc>; to the Committee on the Dis Code Section 1-233Cc>; to the Committee trict of Columbia. of Governors, U.S. Postal Service, transmit on the District of Columbia. 2343. A letter from the Chairman, Council ting the annual report of the board's activi 2331. A letter from the Chairman, Council of the District of Columbia, transmitting a ties in compliance with the Government in of the District of Columbia, transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 8-146, "Retired Police Offi the Sunshine Act, calender year 1988, pur copy of D.C. Act 8-132, "Conveyance of Real cer Redeployment Amendment Act of 1989," suant to 5 U.S.C. 552b; to the Committee Property Act of 1989," pursuant to D.C. and report, pursuant to D.C. Code Section on Government Operations. Code Section 1-233Cc>; to the Committee 1-233(c)(l); to the Committee on the Dis 2354. A letter from the Secretary of on the District of Columbia. trict of Columbia. Health and Human Services, transmitting 2332. A letter from the Chairman, Council 2344. A letter from the Chairman, Council the annual report with respect to actions of the District of Columbia, transmitting a of the District of Columbia, transmitting a taken to recruit and train Indians to qualify copy of D.C. Act 8-133, "Water Pollution copy of D.C. Act 8-148, "Disposal of District them for positions subject to Indian prefer Control Act of 1984 Amendment Act of Owned Surplus Real Property Amendment ence; the annual report on actions taken to 1989," and report, pursuant to D.C. Code Act of 1989,'' pursuant to D.C. Code Section place non-Indians employed by the Bureau Section 1-233Cc>; to the Committee on l-233Cc>; to the Committee on the Dis of Indian Affairs in other Federal agencies, the District of Columbia. trict of Columbia. pursuant to 25 U.S.C. 472a; jointly, to the 2333. A letter from the Chairman, Council 2345. A letter from the Administrator, Na Committees on Interior and Insular Affairs of the District of Columbia, transmitting a tional Aeronautics and Space Administra copy of D.C. Act 8-134, "D.C. Regional tion, transmitting the second "Annual and Post Office and Civil Services. Interstate Banking Act of 1985 Amendment Report to Congress-NASA Progress on Su 2355. A letter from the Administrator, Temporary Act of 1989," pursuant to D.C. perfund Implementation in Fiscal Year Federal Aviation Administration, transmit Code Section 1-233; to the Committee 1989,'' pursuant to Public Law 99-499, sec ting a report on the fiscal year 1988 Safety on the District of Columbia. tion 120(e><5> (100 Stat. 1669); to the Com Enforcement Program performance of the 2334. A letter from the Chairman, Council mittee on Energy and Commerce. FAA, pursuant to 49 U.S.C. 308 nt.; jointly, of the District of Columbia, transmitting a .2346. A letter from the Director, Defense to the Committees on Public Works and copy of D.C. Act 8-135, "Interference With Security Assistance Agency, transmitting Transportation and Appropriations. Medical Health Care Facilities Temporary notification concerning the Department of 2356. A letter from the Assistant Secre Act of 1989," pursuant to D.C. Code Section the Navy's proposed letter of offer and tary, Department of the Interior, transmit l-233Cc>; to the Committee on the Dis acceptance CLOAl to Egypt for defense arti ting BLM's monthly status report of timber trict of Columbia. cles and services estimated to cost $69 mil sales, December l, 1989, pursuant to Public 2335. A letter from the Chairman, Council lion <103 Stat. 750); of the District of Columbia, transmitting a U.S.C. 2776Cb>; to the Committee on Foreign jointly, to the Committees on Appropria copy of D.C. Act 8-136, "D.C. Public Assist Affairs. tions, Agriculture, Interior and Insular Af ance Act of 1982 Conforming Amendments 2347. A letter from the Director, Defense fairs, and Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Amendment Act of 1989," and report, pursu Security Assistance Agency, transmitting ant to D.C. Code Section 1-233: to the notification concerning the Department of 2357. A letter from the Assistant Secre Committee on the District of Columbia. the Navy's proposed letter of offer and tary, Department of the Interior, transmit 2336. A letter from the Chairman, Council acceptance CLOAl to Turkey for defense ar ting BLM's monthly status report of timber of the District of Columbia, transmitting a ticles and services estimated to cost $30 mil sales, January 1, 1980, pursuant to Public copy of D.C. Act 8-139, "Housing Produc lion ; tion Trust Fund Board Amendment Tempo U.S.C. 2776; to the Committee on Foreign jointly, to the Committees on Appropria rary Act of 1989," pursuant to D.C. Code Affairs. tions, Agriculture, Interior and Insular Af Section 1-233Cc>; to the Committee on 2348. A letter from the Director, Defense fairs, and Merchant Marine and Fisheries. the District of Columbia. Security Assistance Agency, transmitting 464 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE January 24, 1990 PUBLIC BILLS AND H.R. 3884. A bill to temporarily reduce the President should exercise his authority RESOLUTIONS column 2 rate of duty on certain paper cut under existing law and consistent with the ting machines; to the Committee on Ways 1975 Bilateral Trade Agreement in immedi Under clause 5 of rule X and clause and Means. ately moving to extend most-favored-nation 4 of rule XXII, public bills and resolu By Mr. HILER (for himself, Mr. WOLF, trading status, and should seek to offer tions were introduced and severally re Mr. DEWINE, Mr. APPLEGATE, Mr. other such means of indirect economic as f erred as follows: VISCLOSKY, Mr. MYERS of Indiana, sistance to Romania as an expression of By Mr. BALLENGER: Mr. SHARP, Mr. BURTON of Indiana, confidence in the Romanian people and H.R. 3878. A bill to extend for 5 years the Mr. JACOBS, Mr. HAMILTON, and Mr. their new government, and to reward, pro existing suspension of duty on machines de DOUGLAS): mote, aid, and assist the Romanian people signed for heat-set stretch texturing of con H.R. 3885. A bill relating to the treatment in their struggle for independence and free tinuous man-made fiber; to the Committee and disposal of solid waste, authorizing dom; jointly, to the Committees on Ways on Ways and Means. States to regulate solid waste in interstate and Means and Foreign Affairs. By Mr. BEREUTER